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Li X, Su Y, Xu Y, Hu T, Lu X, Sun J, Li W, Zhou J, Ma X, Yang Y, Bao Y. Adipocyte-Specific Hnrnpa1 Knockout Aggravates Obesity-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction via Upregulation of CCL2. Diabetes 2024; 73:713-727. [PMID: 38320300 PMCID: PMC11043064 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNPA1) is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism via mRNA processing. However, whether and how HNRNPA1 alters adipocyte function in obesity remain obscure. Here, we found that the obese state downregulated HNRNPA1 expression in white adipose tissue (WAT). The depletion of adipocyte HNRNPA1 promoted markedly increased macrophage infiltration and expression of proinflammatory and fibrosis genes in WAT of obese mice, eventually leading to exacerbated insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and hepatic steatosis. Mechanistically, HNRNPA1 interacted with Ccl2 and regulated its mRNA stability. Intraperitoneal injection of CCL2-CCR2 signaling antagonist improved adipose tissue inflammation and systemic glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, HNRNPA1 expression in human WAT was negatively correlated with BMI, fat percentage, and subcutaneous fat area. Among individuals with 1-year metabolic surgery follow-up, HNRNPA1 expression was positively related to percentage of total weight loss. These findings identify adipocyte HNRNPA1 as a link between adipose tissue inflammation and systemic metabolic homeostasis, which might be a promising therapeutic target for obesity-related disorders. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiting Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhong Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqian Bao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Bramwell LR, Harries LW. Senescence, regulators of alternative splicing and effects of trametinib treatment in progeroid syndromes. GeroScience 2024; 46:1861-1879. [PMID: 37751047 PMCID: PMC10828446 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Progeroid syndromes such as Hutchinson Gilford Progeroid syndrome (HGPS), Werner syndrome (WS) and Cockayne syndrome (CS), result in severely reduced lifespans and premature ageing. Normal senescent cells show splicing factor dysregulation, which has not yet been investigated in syndromic senescent cells. We sought to investigate the senescence characteristics and splicing factor expression profiles of progeroid dermal fibroblasts. Natural cellular senescence can be reversed by application of the senomorphic drug, trametinib, so we also investigated its ability to reverse senescence characteristics in syndromic cells. We found that progeroid cultures had a higher senescence burden, but did not always have differences in levels of proliferation, DNA damage repair and apoptosis. Splicing factor gene expression appeared dysregulated across the three syndromes. 10 µM trametinib reduced senescent cell load and affected other aspects of the senescence phenotype (including splicing factor expression) in HGPS and Cockayne syndromes. Werner syndrome cells did not demonstrate changes in in senescence following treatment. Splicing factor dysregulation in progeroid cells provides further evidence to support this mechanism as a hallmark of cellular ageing and highlights the use of progeroid syndrome cells in the research of ageing and age-related disease. This study suggests that senomorphic drugs such as trametinib could be a useful adjunct to therapy for progeroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Bramwell
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease Group, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Medical School), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lorna W Harries
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease Group, Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences (Medical School), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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Luan Y, Zhu X, Jiao Y, Liu H, Huang Z, Pei J, Xu Y, Yang Y, Ren K. Cardiac cell senescence: molecular mechanisms, key proteins and therapeutic targets. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:78. [PMID: 38355681 PMCID: PMC10866973 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac aging, particularly cardiac cell senescence, is a natural process that occurs as we age. Heart function gradually declines in old age, leading to continuous heart failure, even in people without a prior history of heart disease. To address this issue and improve cardiac cell function, it is crucial to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac senescence. This review summarizes the main mechanisms and key proteins involved in cardiac cell senescence. This review further discusses the molecular modulators of cellular senescence in aging hearts. Furthermore, the discussion will encompass comprehensive descriptions of the key drugs, modes of action and potential targets for intervention in cardiac senescence. By offering a fresh perspective and comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms of cardiac senescence, this review seeks to provide a fresh perspective and important theoretical foundations for the development of drugs targeting this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yuxue Jiao
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Jinyan Pei
- Quality Management Department, Henan No.3 Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
| | - Kaidi Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
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Chen H, Liu Y, Zhang T, Huang T, Lang Y, Sheng Q, Liu Y, Kong Z, Gao Y, Lu S, Yang M, Li X, Wang R, Lv Z. Inhibition of the lncRNA 585189 prevents podocyte injury and mitochondria dysfunction by promoting hnRNP A1 and SIRT1 in diabetic nephropathy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 578:112065. [PMID: 37690472 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte dysfunction has been identified as a crucial pathological characteristic of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the regulatory effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in this process have not been fully elucidated. Here, we performed an unbiased RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of renal tissues and identified a significantly upregulated long non-coding RNA, ENST00000585189.1 (lncRNA 585189), in patients with DN. Furthermore, lncRNA 585189 was positively correlated with renal insufficiency and was upregulated in both DN patients and high-glucose-induced human podocytes. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed that silencing lncRNA 585189 decreased the production of ROS, rescued aberrant mitochondrial morphology and membrane potential, and alleviated podocyte damage caused by high glucose. Mechanistically, bioinformatics analysis predicted an interaction between lncRNA 585189 and hnRNP A1, which was subsequently confirmed by RIP, pull-down, and EMSA assays. Further investigation revealed that lncRNA 585189 destabilizes the hnRNP A1 protein, leading to the downregulation of its expression. Conversely, hnRNP A1 promoted the expression of lncRNA 585189. Moreover, both RIP and pull-down assays demonstrated a direct interaction between hnRNP A1 and SIRT1, which enhanced SIRT1 mRNA stability. Our findings suggest that lncRNA 585189 suppresses SIRT1 through hnRNP A1, thereby hindering the recovery from mitochondrial abnormalities and podocyte damage. In summary, targeting lncRNA 585189 is a promising strategy for reversing mitochondrial dysfunction and treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Tongtong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Yating Lang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Qinghao Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Yingxiao Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Zhijuan Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Shangwei Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University. No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China.
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Jingwu Weiqi Road, Huaiyin District, Jinan, China.
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Zhang Q, Weng W, Gu X, Xiang J, Yang Y, Zhu MX, Gu W, He Z, Li Y. hnRNPA1 SUMOylation promotes cold hypersensitivity in chronic inflammatory pain by stabilizing TRPA1 mRNA. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113401. [PMID: 37943660 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1 is pivotal in cold hypersensitivity, but its regulatory mechanisms in inflammatory cold hyperalgesia remain poorly understood. We show here that the upregulation of SUMO1-conjugated protein levels in a complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain model enhances TRPA1 mRNA stability, ultimately leading to increased expression levels. We further demonstrate that hnRNPA1 binds to TRPA1 mRNA, and its SUMOylation, upregulated in CFA-induced inflammatory pain, contributes to stabilizing TRPA1 mRNA by accumulating hnRNPA1 in the cytoplasm. Moreover, we find that wild-type hnRNPA1 viral infection in dorsal root ganglia neurons, and not infection with the SUMOylation-deficient hnRNPA1 mutant, can rescue the reduced ability of hnRNPA1-knockdown mice to develop inflammatory cold pain hypersensitivity. These results suggest that hnRNPA1 is a regulator of TRPA1 mRNA stability, the capability of which is enhanced upon SUMO1 conjugation at lysine 3 in response to peripheral inflammation, and the increased expression of TRPA1 in turn underlies the development of chronic inflammatory cold pain hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Weiji Weng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaokun Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinhua Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Weidong Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Zhenzhou He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Minhang Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Liu D, Xu C, Gong Z, Zhao Y, Fang Z, Rao X, Chen Q, Li G, Kong W, Chen J. GRSF1 antagonizes age-associated hypercoagulability via modulation of fibrinogen mRNA stability. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:717. [PMID: 37923734 PMCID: PMC10624831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-associated hypercoagulability is accompanied by the increase of plasma levels of some coagulation factors including fibrinogen which may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and thrombotic diseases in elderly people. However, the underlying mechanism of increased plasma fibrinogen concentration during aging is still elusive. GRSF1 belongs to the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins F/H (hnRNP F/H) subfamily. Here, we report that GRSF1 attenuates hypercoagulability via negative modulation of fibrinogen expression. We demonstrated that GRSF1 negatively regulated fibrinogen expression at both mRNA and protein levels. GRSF1 directly interacted with the coding region (CDS) of FGA, FGB, and FGG mRNAs, and decreased their stability thus mitigating fibrinogen expression. We further identified that only a few G-tracts within the Fib C domain of FGA, FGB, and FGG CDS and the qRRM2 domain of GRSF1 were required for their interaction. Moreover, we confirmed hypercoagulability and the decrease of GRSF1 expression level during mice aging. Functionally, GRSF1 overexpression in old mice liver decreased fibrinogen plasma level, reduced hypercoagulability, and mitigated blood coagulation activity, whereas GRSF1 knockdown in young mice liver increased fibrinogen plasma level and promoted blood coagulation activity. Collectively, our findings unveil a novel posttranscriptional regulation of fibrinogen by GRSF1 and uncover a critical role of GRSF1 in regulating blood coagulation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Liu
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Chenzhong Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ze Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
- Hwamei College of Life and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Yijie Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking University Health Science Center, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Rao
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyu Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
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Kumar A, Thirumurugan K. Understanding cellular senescence: pathways involved, therapeutics and longevity aiding. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:2324-2345. [PMID: 38031713 PMCID: PMC10730163 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2287929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A normal somatic cell undergoes cycles of finite cellular divisions. The presence of surveillance checkpoints arrests cell division in response to stress inducers: oxidative stress from excess free radicals, oncogene-induced abnormalities, genotoxic stress, and telomere attrition. When facing such stress when undergoing these damages, there is a brief pause in the cell cycle to enable repair mechanisms. Also, the nature of stress determines whether the cell goes for repair or permanent arrest. As the cells experience transient or permanent stress, they subsequently choose the quiescence or senescence stage, respectively. Quiescence is an essential stage that allows the arrested/damaged cells to go through appropriate repair mechanisms and then revert to the mainstream cell cycle. However, senescent cells are irreversible and accumulate with age, resulting in inflammation and various age-related disorders. In this review, we focus on senescence-associated pathways and therapeutics understanding cellular senescence as a cascade that leads to aging, while discussing the recent details on the molecular pathways involved in regulating senescence and the benefits of therapeutic strategies against accumulated senescent cells and their secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Kavitha Thirumurugan
- Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Koh D, Bin Jeon H, Oh C, Noh JH, Kim KM. RNA-binding proteins in cellular senescence. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 214:111853. [PMID: 37453659 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that is triggered and controlled by various external and/or internal factors. Among them, the regulation of senescence-associated genes is an important molecular event that plays a role in senescence. The regulation of gene expression can be achieved by various types of modulating mechanisms, and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are commonly known as critical regulators targeting a global range of transcripts. RBPs bind to RNA-binding motifs of the target transcripts and are involved in post-transcriptional processes such as RNA transport, stabilization, splicing, and decay. These RBPs may also play critical roles in cellular senescence by regulating the expression of senescence-associated genes. The biological functions of RBPs in controlling cellular senescence are being actively studied. Herein, we summarized the RBPs that influence cellular senescence, particularly by regulating processes such as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, cell cycle, and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahyeon Koh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Bin Jeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Chaehwan Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Ji Heon Noh
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Mi Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
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Ji XH, Liu TT, Wei AH, Lei HP, Chen Y, Wu LN, Liu J, Zhang Y, Yan F, Chen MX, Jin H, Shi JS, Zhou SY, Jin F. Suppression of hnRNP A1 binding to HK1 RNA leads to glycolytic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease models. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1218267. [PMID: 37744386 PMCID: PMC10516183 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1218267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the mechanism of RNA-binding protein hnRNP A1 in mouse hippocampal neurons (HT22) on glycolysis. Methods RIP and CLIP-qPCR were performed by HT22 in vitro to observe the mechanism of hnRNP A1 regulating the expression of key proteins in glycolysis. The RNA binding domain of hnRNP A1 protein in HT22 was inhibited by VPC-80051, and the effect of hnRNP A1 on glycolysis of HT22 was observed. Lentivirus overexpression of hnRNP A1 was used to observe the effect of overexpression of hnRNP A1 on glycolysis of Aβ25-35-injured HT22. The expression of hnRNP A1 in brain tissues of wild-type mice and triple-transgenic (APP/PS1/Tau) AD mice at different ages was studied by Western blot assay. Results The results of RIP experiment showed that hnRNP A1 and HK1 mRNA were significantly bound. The results of CLIP-qPCR showed that hnRNP A1 directly bound to the 2605-2821 region of HK1 mRNA. hnRNP A1 inhibitor can down-regulate the expression of HK1 mRNA and HK1 protein in HT22 cells. Overexpression of hnRNP A1 can significantly reduce the toxic effect of Aβ25-35 on neurons via the hnRNP A1/HK1/ pyruvate pathway. In addition, inhibition of hnRNP A1 binding to amyloid precursor protein (APP) RNA was found to increase Aβ expression, while Aβ25-35 also down-regulated hnRNP A1 expression by enhancing phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in HT22. They interact to form bidirectional regulation, further down-regulating the expression of hnRNP A1, and ultimately aggravating glycolytic dysfunction. Protein immunoblotting showed that hnRNP A1 decreased with age in mouse brain tissue, and the decrease was greater in AD mice, suggesting that the decrease of hnRNP A1 may be a predisposed factor in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ai-Hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui-Ping Lei
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Mei-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shao-Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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10
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Petri BJ, Cave MC, Klinge CM. Changes in m6A in Steatotic Liver Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1653. [PMID: 37628704 PMCID: PMC10454815 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Fatty liver includes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), now replaced by a consensus group as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). While excess nutrition and obesity are major contributors to fatty liver, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown and therapeutic interventions are limited. Reversible chemical modifications in RNA are newly recognized critical regulators controlling post-transcriptional gene expression. Among these modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant and regulates transcript abundance in fatty liver disease. Modulation of m6A by readers, writers, and erasers (RWE) impacts mRNA processing, translation, nuclear export, localization, and degradation. While many studies focus on m6A RWE expression in human liver pathologies, limitations of technology and bioinformatic methods to detect m6A present challenges in understanding the epitranscriptomic mechanisms driving fatty liver disease progression. In this review, we summarize the RWE of m6A and current methods of detecting m6A in specific genes associated with fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J. Petri
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
| | - Matthew C. Cave
- Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
- Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
- Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;
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11
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Harries LW. Dysregulated RNA processing and metabolism: a new hallmark of ageing and provocation for cellular senescence. FEBS J 2023; 290:1221-1234. [PMID: 35460337 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The human genome is capable of producing hundreds of thousands of different proteins and non-coding RNAs from <20 000 genes, in a co-ordinated and regulated fashion. This is achieved by a collection of phenomena known as mRNA processing and metabolism, and encompasses events in the life cycle of an RNA from synthesis to degradation. These factors are critical determinants of cellular adaptability and plasticity, which allows the cell to adjust its transcriptomic output in response to its internal and external environment. Evidence is building that dysfunctional RNA processing and metabolism may be a key contributor to the development of cellular senescence. Senescent cells by definition have exited cell cycle, but have gained functional features such as the secretion of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), a known driver of chronic disease and perhaps even ageing itself. In this review, I will outline the impact of dysregulated mRNA processing and metabolism on senescence and ageing at the level of genes, cells and systems, and describe the mechanisms by which progressive deterioration in these processes may impact senescence and organismal ageing. Finally, I will present the evidence implicating this important process as a new hallmark of ageing, which could be harnessed in the future to develop new senotherapeutic interventions for chronic disease.
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12
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Manna S, Scheel J, Noone A, McElwain CJ, Scaife C, Gupta S, English J, McCarthy C, McCarthy FP. A proteomic profile of the healthy human placenta. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:1. [PMID: 36593452 PMCID: PMC9808999 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The placenta remains one of the least studied organs within the human body. Yet, placental dysfunction has been associated with various pregnancy complications leading to both maternal and fetal death and long-term health consequences. The aim of this study was to characterise the protein networks of healthy term placental sub-anatomical regions using label free quantification mass spectrometry. METHODS Three healthy placentae were sampled at five sample sites and each biopsy was dissected into maternal-, middle-, and fetal- sub-anatomical regions. Quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometer was used in data dependant analysis mode to identify 1859 unique proteins before detailed differential expression between regions. RESULTS Protein profiling identified 1081, 1086, and 1101 proteins in maternal, middle, and fetal sub-anatomical regions respectively. Differentially expressed proteins were identified considering the effect between sample site location and sub-anatomical region on protein expression. Of these, 374 differentially expressed proteins (Two-way ANOVA adjusted p-value < 0.05, HSD Tukey adjusted p-value 0.05) were identified between sample site locations and sub-anatomical regions. The placenta specific disease map NaviCenta ( https://www.sbi.uni-rostock.de/minerva/index.xhtml?id=NaviCenta ) was used to focus functional analysis results to the placenta specific context. Subsequently, functional analysis with a focus on senescence, and mitochondrial function were performed. Significant differences were observed between sub-anatomical regions in protein intensity and composition. A decrease in anti-senescent proteins within the maternal sub-anatomical region, and an increase in proteins associated with a switch from ATP to fatty acid consumption as a source of energy between middle and fetal sub-anatomical regions were observed. CONCLUSION These results suggest that normal proteomic variations exist within the anatomical structure of the placenta, thus recommending serial sectioning methodology for consistent placental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samprikta Manna
- grid.411916.a0000 0004 0617 6269Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Julia Scheel
- grid.10493.3f0000000121858338Dept. of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Aisling Noone
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colm J. McElwain
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Caitriona Scaife
- grid.7886.10000 0001 0768 2743UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shailendra Gupta
- grid.10493.3f0000000121858338Dept. of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jane English
- grid.512512.0INFANT Research Centre, Cork, Ireland ,grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal McCarthy
- grid.7872.a0000000123318773Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus P. McCarthy
- grid.411916.a0000 0004 0617 6269Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cork University Maternity Hospital, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland ,grid.512512.0INFANT Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
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13
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Moran H, A. Ghandhi S, Shimada N, Hubbard K. Identification of RNA Species That Bind to the hnRNP A1 in Normal and Senescent Human Fibroblasts. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
hnRNP A1 is a member of the hnRNPs (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins) family of proteins that play a central role in regulating genes responsible for cell proliferation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and telomere biogenesis. Previous studies have shown that hnRNPA1 had reduced protein levels and increased cytoplasmic accumulation in senescent human diploid fibroblasts. The consequence of reduced protein expression and altered cellular localization may account for the alterations in gene expression observed during senescence. There is limited information for gene targets of hnRNP A1 as well as its in vivo function. In these studies, we performed RNA co-immunoprecipitation experiments using hnRNP A1 as the target protein to identify potential mRNA species in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. Using this approach, we identified the human double minute 2 (HDM2) mRNA as a binding target for hnRNP A1 in young and senescent human diploid fibroblasts cells. It was also observed that alterations of hnRNP A1 expression modulate HDM2 mRNA levels in young IMR-90 cells. We also demonstrated that the levels of HDM2 mRNA increased with the downregulation of hnRNP A1 and decrease with the overexpression of hnRNP A1. Although we did not observe a significant decrease in HDM2 protein level, a concomitant increase in p53 protein level was detected with the overexpression of hnRNP A1. Our studies also show that hnRNP A1 directly interacts with HDM2 mRNA at a region corresponding to its 3′ UTR (untranslated region of a gene). The results from this study demonstrate that hnRNP A1 has a novel role in participating in the regulation of HDM2 gene expression.
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14
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Zhao B, Lv X, Zhao X, Maimaitiaili S, Zhang Y, Su K, Yu H, Liu C, Qiao T. Tumor-Promoting Actions of HNRNP A1 in HCC Are Associated with Cell Cycle, Mitochondrial Dynamics, and Necroptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810209. [PMID: 36142139 PMCID: PMC9499416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in the world. Although increasing evidence supports the role of heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle A1 (HNRNP A1) in tumor progression, the function of HNRNP A1 in HCC remains unclear. Here, we focused on the role of HNRNP A1 in the development of HCC. In this study, we found HNRNP A1 participates in many aspects of HCC, such as progression and prognosis. Our results showed that HNRNP A1 is upregulated in human HCC tissues and cell lines. High expression of HNRNP A1 can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells and accelerate tumor progression in mice. Moreover, we found that HNRNP A1 prevents the senescence process of HCC cells. Knocking down of HNRNP A1 promotes the expression of P16INK4, which arrests the cell cycle and then induces the senescence phenotype in HCC cells. Furthermore, we found that HNRNP A1 regulated necroptosis and mitochondrial dynamics. In summary, our study indicates that HNRNP A1 promotes the development of HCC, which suggests a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaochen Lv
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Subinuer Maimaitiaili
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ke Su
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hang Yu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (T.Q.)
| | - Tong Qiao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (T.Q.)
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15
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Toosaranont J, Ruschadaariyachat S, Mujchariyakul W, Arora JK, Charoensawan V, Suktitipat B, Palmer TN, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Mitrpant C. Antisense Oligonucleotide Induction of the hnRNPA1b Isoform Affects Pre-mRNA Splicing of SMN2 in SMA Type I Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073937. [PMID: 35409296 PMCID: PMC8999010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe, debilitating neuromuscular condition characterised by loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. SMA is caused by a loss of expression of SMN1 that encodes the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein necessary for the survival of motor neurons. Restoration of SMN expression through increased inclusion of SMN2 exon 7 is known to ameliorate symptoms in SMA patients. As a consequence, regulation of pre-mRNA splicing of SMN2 could provide a potential molecular therapy for SMA. In this study, we explored if splice switching antisense oligonucleotides could redirect the splicing repressor hnRNPA1 to the hnRNPA1b isoform and restore SMN expression in fibroblasts from a type I SMA patient. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) were designed to promote exon 7b retention in the mature mRNA and induce the hnRNPA1b isoform. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to assess and monitor the efficiency of different AO combinations. A combination of AOs targeting multiple silencing motifs in hnRNPA1 pre-mRNA led to robust hnRNPA1b induction, which, in turn, significantly increased expression of full-length SMN (FL-SMN) protein. A combination of PMOs targeting the same motifs also strongly induced hnRNPA1b isoform, but surprisingly SMN2 exon 5 skipping was detected, and the PMO cocktail did not lead to a significant increase in expression of FL-SMN protein. We further performed RNA sequencing to assess the genome-wide effects of hnRNPA1b induction. Some 3244 genes were differentially expressed between the hnRNPA1b-induced and untreated SMA fibroblasts, which are functionally enriched in cell cycle and chromosome segregation processes. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that expression of the master regulator of these enrichment pathways, MYBL2 and FOXM1B, were reduced in response to PMO treatment. These findings suggested that induction of hnRNPA1b can promote SMN protein expression, but not at sufficient levels to be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarichad Toosaranont
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Sukanya Ruschadaariyachat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Warasinee Mujchariyakul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Jantarika Kumar Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Bhoom Suktitipat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thomas N. Palmer
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Steve D. Wilton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Chalermchai Mitrpant
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence:
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16
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Kovács Z, Brunner B, Ari C. Beneficial Effects of Exogenous Ketogenic Supplements on Aging Processes and Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072197. [PMID: 34206738 PMCID: PMC8308443 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy of humans has increased continuously up to the present days, but their health status (healthspan) was not enhanced by similar extent. To decrease enormous medical, economical and psychological burden that arise from this discrepancy, improvement of healthspan is needed that leads to delaying both aging processes and development of age-related diseases, thereby extending lifespan. Thus, development of new therapeutic tools to alleviate aging processes and related diseases and to increase life expectancy is a topic of increasing interest. It is widely accepted that ketosis (increased blood ketone body levels, e.g., β-hydroxybutyrate) can generate neuroprotective effects. Ketosis-evoked neuroprotective effects may lead to improvement in health status and delay both aging and the development of related diseases through improving mitochondrial function, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, histone and non-histone acetylation, β-hydroxybutyrylation of histones, modulation of neurotransmitter systems and RNA functions. Administration of exogenous ketogenic supplements was proven to be an effective method to induce and maintain a healthy state of nutritional ketosis. Consequently, exogenous ketogenic supplements, such as ketone salts and ketone esters, may mitigate aging processes, delay the onset of age-associated diseases and extend lifespan through ketosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the main hallmarks of aging processes and certain signaling pathways in association with (putative) beneficial influences of exogenous ketogenic supplements-evoked ketosis on lifespan, aging processes, the most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), as well as impaired learning and memory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kovács
- Department of Biology, Savaria University Centre, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Károlyi Gáspár tér 4., 9700 Szombathely, Hungary; (Z.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigitta Brunner
- Department of Biology, Savaria University Centre, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Károlyi Gáspár tér 4., 9700 Szombathely, Hungary; (Z.K.); (B.B.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csilla Ari
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 3127, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Ketone Technologies LLC, 2780 E. Fowler Ave. #226, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(813)-2409925
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17
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Clarke JP, Thibault PA, Salapa HE, Levin MC. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Role of hnRNP A1 Function and Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disease. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:659610. [PMID: 33912591 PMCID: PMC8072284 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.659610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) is a member of the hnRNP family of conserved proteins that is involved in RNA transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transport, protein translation, microRNA processing, telomere maintenance and the regulation of transcription factor activity. HnRNP A1 is ubiquitously, yet differentially, expressed in many cell types, and due to post-translational modifications, can vary in its molecular function. While a plethora of knowledge is known about the function and dysfunction of hnRNP A1 in diseases other than neurodegenerative disease (e.g., cancer), numerous studies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, multiple sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease have found that the dysregulation of hnRNP A1 may contribute to disease pathogenesis. How hnRNP A1 mechanistically contributes to these diseases, and whether mutations and/or altered post-translational modifications contribute to pathogenesis, however, is currently under investigation. The aim of this comprehensive review is to first describe the background of hnRNP A1, including its structure, biological functions in RNA metabolism and the post-translational modifications known to modify its function. With this knowledge, the review then describes the influence of hnRNP A1 in neurodegenerative disease, and how its dysfunction may contribute the pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Clarke
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Patricia A Thibault
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Hannah E Salapa
- Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Michael C Levin
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Office of the Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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18
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Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2021. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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19
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Angarola BL, Anczuków O. Splicing alterations in healthy aging and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 12:e1643. [PMID: 33565261 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative RNA splicing is a key step in gene expression that allows generation of numerous messenger RNA transcripts encoding proteins of varied functions from the same gene. It is thus a rich source of proteomic and functional diversity. Alterations in alternative RNA splicing are observed both during healthy aging and in a number of human diseases, several of which display premature aging phenotypes or increased incidence with age. Age-associated splicing alterations include differential splicing of genes associated with hallmarks of aging, as well as changes in the levels of core spliceosomal genes and regulatory splicing factors. Here, we review the current known links between alternative RNA splicing, its regulators, healthy biological aging, and diseases associated with aging or aging-like phenotypes. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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20
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Huh D, Passarelli MC, Gao J, Dusmatova SN, Goin C, Fish L, Pinzaru AM, Molina H, Ren Z, McMillan EA, Asgharian H, Goodarzi H, Tavazoie SF. A stress-induced tyrosine-tRNA depletion response mediates codon-based translational repression and growth suppression. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106696. [PMID: 33346941 PMCID: PMC7809793 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic transfer RNAs can become selectively fragmented upon various stresses, generating tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. Such fragmentation has been reported to impact a small fraction of the tRNA pool and thus presumed to not directly impact translation. We report that oxidative stress can rapidly generate tyrosine-tRNAGUA fragments in human cells-causing significant depletion of the precursor tRNA. Tyrosine-tRNAGUA depletion impaired translation of growth and metabolic genes enriched in cognate tyrosine codons. Depletion of tyrosine tRNAGUA or its translationally regulated targets USP3 and SCD repressed proliferation-revealing a dedicated tRNA-regulated growth-suppressive pathway for oxidative stress response. Tyrosine fragments are generated in a DIS3L2 exoribonuclease-dependent manner and inhibit hnRNPA1-mediated transcript destabilization. Moreover, tyrosine fragmentation is conserved in C. elegans. Thus, tRNA fragmentation can coordinately generate trans-acting small RNAs and functionally deplete a tRNA. Our findings reveal the existence of an underlying adaptive codon-based regulatory response inherent to the genetic code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doowon Huh
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Maria C Passarelli
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Jenny Gao
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - Clara Goin
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Lisa Fish
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | | | - Henrik Molina
- Proteome Resource CenterThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Zhiji Ren
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
| | | | - Hosseinali Asgharian
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer BiologyThe Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNYUSA
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Cuollo L, Antonangeli F, Santoni A, Soriani A. The Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) in the Challenging Future of Cancer Therapy and Age-Related Diseases. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120485. [PMID: 33371508 PMCID: PMC7767554 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary A fundamental feature of cellular senescence is the emergence of the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which represents a considerable source of inflammatory and tissue-remodeling cues. The pathophysiological relevance of senescence and SASP has generated a fertile area of research aimed at manipulating the SASP to fight cancer and age-related conditions. This review enlightens the most important mechanisms that regulate the SASP and summarizes the current evidence on the feasibility of intervening on its composition, providing a reading frame of the general potentialities of SASP modulation. Abstract Cellular senescence represents a robust tumor-protecting mechanism that halts the proliferation of stressed or premalignant cells. However, this state of stable proliferative arrest is accompanied by the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), which entails the copious secretion of proinflammatory signals in the tissue microenvironment and contributes to age-related conditions, including, paradoxically, cancer. Novel therapeutic strategies aim at eliminating senescent cells with the use of senolytics or abolishing the SASP without killing the senescent cell with the use of the so-called “senomorphics”. In addition, recent works demonstrate the possibility of modifying the composition of the secretome by genetic or pharmacological intervention. The purpose is not to renounce the potent immunostimulatory nature of SASP, but rather learning to modulate it for combating cancer and other age-related diseases. This review describes the main molecular mechanisms regulating the SASP and reports the evidence of the feasibility of abrogating or modulating the SASP, discussing the possible implications of both strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cuollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.S.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.S.)
- IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Soriani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00161 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Zheng Z, Bian Y, Zhang Y, Ren G, Li G. Metformin activates AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB pathway and induces mitochondrial dysfunction to drive caspase3/GSDME-mediated cancer cell pyroptosis. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1089-1104. [PMID: 32286137 PMCID: PMC7217368 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1743911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death initiated by inflammasomes and is critical for immunity. SIRT1, a NAD+-dependent deacetylase, plays multiple roles in inflammatory response and immunity. Metformin can activate SIRT1 to participate in different biological processes and exert its anticancer effects. However, the mechanism by which metformin activates SIRT1 to drive cancer cell pyroptosis has not been reported. In this study, we treated cancer cells with metformin for diverse periods of time (0-24 h) and found that cell viability was decreased obviously. Interestingly, pyroptosis occurred when cancer cells were treated with metformin for the indicated time (4, 8 and 12 h), which was elucidated by the cell swelling and bubbles blowing in the membrane. Metformin also increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, an indication of pyroptotic cell cytotoxicity) remarkably. The underlying mechanisms were that metformin enhanced AMPK/SIRT1 pathway and further increased NF-κB p65 expression to stimulate Bax activation and cytochrome c release, triggering caspase3 cleavage of GSDME, which is a characteristic pyroptotic marker. Depletion of SIRT1 inhibited metformin-induced these protein expression, revealing that metformin promotes AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling to drive cancer cell pyroptosis. Meantime, metformin induced mitochondrial dysfunction to trigger activation of caspase3 and generation of GSDME-N. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction activated AMPK/SIRT1 pathway to cause pyroptotic death upon metformin treatment. This research firstly reveals that metformin as a sensitizer amplifies AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling to induce caspase3/GSDME-mediated cancer cell pyroptosis. Induction of cellular pyroptosis by metformin is considered as a novel therapeutic option against various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Bian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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23
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β-hydroxybutyrate and its metabolic effects on age-associated pathology. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:548-555. [PMID: 32269287 PMCID: PMC7210293 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0415-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a universal process that renders individuals vulnerable to many diseases. Although this process is irreversible, dietary modulation and caloric restriction are often considered to have antiaging effects. Dietary modulation can increase and maintain circulating ketone bodies, especially β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), which is one of the most abundant ketone bodies in human circulation. Increased β-HB has been reported to prevent or improve the symptoms of various age-associated diseases. Indeed, numerous studies have reported that a ketogenic diet or ketone ester administration alleviates symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Considering the potential of β-HB and the intriguing data emerging from in vivo and in vitro experiments as well as clinical trials, this therapeutic area is worthy of attention. In this review, we highlight studies that focus on the identified targets of β-HB and the cellular signals regulated by β-HB with respect to alleviation of age-associated ailments. Boosting levels of a byproduct of fatty acid breakdown may help alleviate the symptoms of age-associated health conditions. When the body is low on glucose, it breaks down fatty acids for energy, generating byproduct metabolites called ketones. The ketone β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) regulates cellular signaling and gene and protein expression. There are indications that ketogenic diets or ketone administration, which increase β-BH may prevent ageing-associated progression of illnesses like cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Young-min Han and co-workers at Georgia State University in Atlanta, USA, reviewed current understanding of β-BH and its molecular targets. β-BH is a potent metabolite small enough to filter through cell membranes and circulate throughout the body, including the brain, influencing signaling pathways. Further investigations into associated molecular mechanisms will verify the metabolite’s potential as a therapeutic agent.
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Anerillas C, Abdelmohsen K, Gorospe M. Regulation of senescence traits by MAPKs. GeroScience 2020; 42:397-408. [PMID: 32300964 PMCID: PMC7205942 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A phenotype of indefinite growth arrest acquired in response to sublethal damage, cellular senescence affects normal aging and age-related disease. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are capable of sensing changes in cellular conditions, and in turn elicit adaptive responses including cell senescence. MAPKs modulate the levels and function of many proteins, including proinflammatory factors and factors in the p21/p53 and p16/RB pathways, the main senescence-regulatory axes. Through these actions, MAPKs implement key traits of senescence-growth arrest, cell survival, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this review, we summarize and discuss our current knowledge of the impact of MAPKs in senescence. In addition, given that eliminating or suppressing senescent cells can improve health span, we discuss the function and possible exploitation of MAPKs in the elimination (senolysis) or suppression (senostasis) of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Anerillas
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Metformin Reduces the Senescence of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Diabetic Nephropathy via the MBNL1/miR-130a-3p/STAT3 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8708236. [PMID: 32104542 PMCID: PMC7035567 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8708236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells plays an important role in diabetic nephropathy, but the mechanism is unknown. Metformin may alleviate diabetic nephropathy by reducing this senescence. This study is aimed at clarifying the effects and mechanism of metformin on the senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic nephropathy. We found that metformin reduced the expression of senescence-associated gene P21 in high-glucose-induced (30 mmol/L) renal tubular epithelial cells and decreased the β-galactosidase positive staining rate (decreased 16%, p < 0.01). Metformin was able to reduce senescence by upregulating the expression of RNA-binding protein MBNL1 and miR-130a-3p and reducing STAT3 expression. MBNL1 prolonged the half-life of miR-130a-3p, and miR-130a-3p could negatively regulate STAT3 by binding to its mRNA 3′UTR. In db/db diabetic mice, we found an enhanced senescence level combined with low expression of MBNL1 and miR-130a-3p and high expression of STAT3 compared with db/m control mice during nephropathy development. Meanwhile, metformin (200 mg/kg/day) could increase the expression of MBNL1 and miR-130a-3p and decreased STAT3 expression, thus reducing this senescence in db/db mice. Our results suggest that metformin reduces the senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic nephropathy via the MBNL1/miR-130a-3p/STAT3 pathway, which provided new ideas for the therapy of this disease.
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Li J, Wang C, Feng G, Zhang L, Chen G, Sun H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Li W. Rbm14 maintains the integrity of genomic DNA during early mouse embryogenesis via mediating alternative splicing. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12724. [PMID: 31794640 PMCID: PMC6985654 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we generated an Rbm14 knockout mouse model to explore its functions during early mouse embryogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Rbm14 knockout mouse model was generated by a combination of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 and microinjection techniques. The developmental defects of the knockout embryos were characterized by histological analyses. The accumulation of DNA damage in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) was detected by γH2AX staining and comet assay. The altered mRNA splicing of DNA damage response (DDR)-related genes was detected by RNA-Seq analysis and confirmed by semi-quantitative PCR. The interaction of RBM14 with alternative splicing-related genes was detected by immunoprecipitation-mass spectra (IP-MS) and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). RESULTS Rbm14 knockout in mice results in apoptosis and cell proliferation defects in early post-implantation epiblast cells, leading to gastrulation disruption and embryonic lethality. FACS and immunostaining demonstrate accumulation of DNA damage in Rbm14 knockout ES cells. We also identified altered splicing of DDR-related genes in the knockout mouse ESCs by RNA-Seq, indicating that RBM14-mediated alternative splicing is required for the maintenance of genome integrity during early mouse embryogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our work reveals that Rbm14 plays an essential role in the maintenance of genome integrity during early mouse embryonic development by regulating alternative splicing of DDR-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guihai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Linlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Guilai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Agricultural University of ChinaHarbinChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Li
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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27
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Xu C, Xie N, Su Y, Sun Z, Liang Y, Zhang N, Liu D, Jia S, Xing X, Han L, Li G, Tong T, Chen J. HnRNP F/H associate with hTERC and telomerase holoenzyme to modulate telomerase function and promote cell proliferation. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:1998-2013. [PMID: 31863069 PMCID: PMC7244589 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human telomerase RNA component hTERC comprises multiple motifs that contribute to hTERC biogenesis, holoenzyme activity, and enzyme recruitment to telomeres. hTERC contains several guanine tracts (G-tracts) at its 5′-end, but its associated proteins and potential roles in telomerase function are still poorly understood. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins F, H1, and H2 (hnRNP F/H) are splicing factors that preferentially bind to poly(G)-rich sequences RNA. Here, we demonstrate that hnRNP F/H associate with both hTERC and telomerase holoenzyme to regulate telomerase activity. We reveal hnRNP F/H bind to the 5′-end region of hTERC in vitro and in vivo, and identify the first three G-tracts of hTERC and qRRM1 domain of hnRNP F/H are required for their interaction. Furthermore, hnRNP F/H also directly interact with telomerase holoenzyme. Functionally, we show that hnRNP F/H plays important roles in modulating telomerase activity and telomere length. Moreover, hnRNP F/H deletion greatly impair cancer and stem cell proliferation, and induce stem cell senescence, while hnRNP F/H overexpression delay stem cell senescence. Collectively, our findings unveil a novel role of hnRNP F/H as the binding partners of hTERC and telomerase holoenzyme to regulate telomerase function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhong Xu
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhaomeng Sun
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yao Liang
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Doudou Liu
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shuqin Jia
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Xiaofang Xing
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Limin Han
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Zhao L, Cao J, Hu K, Wang P, Li G, He X, Tong T, Han L. RNA-binding protein RPS3 contributes to hepatocarcinogenesis by post-transcriptionally up-regulating SIRT1. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:2011-2028. [PMID: 30517713 PMCID: PMC6393244 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several studies indicate that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) contribute to key steps in a variety of physiological processes and cancer, the detailed biological functions and mechanisms remain to be determined. By performing bioinformatics analysis using well-established hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) datasets, we identified a set of HCC progression-associated RBPs (HPARBPs) and found that the global expression of HPARBPs was significantly correlated with patient prognosis. Among the 42 HPARBPs, human ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3) was one of the most abundant genes whose role remains uncharacterized in HCC. Gain- and loss-of-function analyses demonstrated that RPS3 promoted HCC tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was a critical target of RPS3 and was essential for sustaining the RPS3-induced malignant phenotypes of HCC cells. RPS3 stabilized SIRT1 mRNA by binding to AUUUA motifs in the 3448–3530 region of the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of SIRT1 mRNA. In addition, we found that (5-formylfuran-2-yl) methyl 4-hydroxy-2-methylenebutanoate (FMHM) inhibited HCC progression by repressing the RPS3/SIRT1 pathway. Our study unveils a novel extra-ribosomal role of RPS3 in facilitating hepatocarcinogenesis via the post-transcriptional regulation of SIRT1 expression and proposes that the RPS3/SIRT1 pathway serves as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Hu
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Penghui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Li
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Limin Han
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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29
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Zhao X, Liu Y, Zhu G, Liang Y, Liu B, Wu Y, Han M, Sun W, Han Y, Chen G, Jiang J. SIRT1 downregulation mediated Manganese-induced neuronal apoptosis through activation of FOXO3a-Bim/PUMA axis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:1047-1055. [PMID: 30235590 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element. Excessive exposure to Mn may lead to neuronal death and neurodegenerative disorders. Accumulating evidence has shown that silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) plays a vital role in brain damage. However, whether aberrant SIRT1 levels contribute to Mn-induced neurotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, we report the important role of SIRT1 downregulation during Mn-induced neuronal apoptosis. Mn was found to downregulate SIRT1 protein levels in the rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and mouse brain tissues. Mn enhanced SIRT1 protein degradation and downregulated its gene expression. Furthermore, Mn induced cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo, and resulted in an increase in forkhead box O (FOXO) 3a expression and acetylation. SIRT1 activation by resveratrol clearly attenuated Mn-triggered apoptosis and FOXO3a activation. Mn markedly increased the expression of Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim) and p53-up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), whereas downregulation of FOXO3a significantly inhibited their upregulation and subsequent apoptosis. In summary, we determined that Mn downregulated SIRT1 by multiple mechanisms, thus led to apoptosis via activation of the FOXO3a-Bim/PUMA axis in PC12 cells. These findings on the impact of Mn on SIRT1 may lead to an improved understanding of Mn-induced neurotoxicity and provide a molecular target to antagonise Mn-associated neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Ganlin Zhu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Muxi Han
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Wenxing Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Junkang Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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30
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Mendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Prevention of Senescence in Vasculature Through Quiescence. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 21:477-481. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Mendelsohn
- Panorama Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California
- Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California
| | - James W. Larrick
- Panorama Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California
- Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California
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Liu S, Zheng Z, Ji S, Liu T, Hou Y, Li S, Li G. Resveratrol reduces senescence-associated secretory phenotype by SIRT1/NF-κB pathway in gut of the annual fish Nothobranchius guentheri. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 80:473-479. [PMID: 29908321 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Senescent cells display a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which contributes to aging. Resveratrol, an activator of SIRT1, has anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-free radical and other pharmacological effects. The genus of the annual fish Nothobranchius has become an emerging animal model for studying aging. However, the underlying mechanism for resveratrol to delay aging by SASP regulation has not been elucidated in vertebrates. In this study, the annual fish N. guentheri were fed with resveratrol for long-term treatment. The results showed that resveratrol reversed intensive senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity with aging process, down-regulated levels of SASP-associated proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNFα, and up-regulated expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in gut of the fish. Resveratrol increased SIRT1 expression, and inhibited NF-κB by decreasing RelA/p65, Ac-RelA/p65 and p-IκBα levels and by increasing the interaction between SIRT1 and RelA/p65. Moreover, resveratrol reversed the decline of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs) caused by aging in gut of the fish. Together, our results implied that resveratrol inhibited SASP through SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway and delayed aging of the annual fish N. guentheri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaodi Zheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuhua Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanhan Hou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guorong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant, School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
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Xia W, Hou M. Mesenchymal stem cells confer resistance to doxorubicin-induced cardiac senescence by inhibiting microRNA-34a. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:10037-10046. [PMID: 29928373 PMCID: PMC6004710 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer. However, cardiotoxicity is a major side effect of DOXO therapy due to the ability of this compound to induce cardiac cellular senescence. It is well known that microRNA (miR)-34a serves a role in cardiac dysfunction and ageing, and that it is involved in several cellular processes associated with DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have been reported to modulate cellular senescence. In the present study, the Transwell system was used to co-culture H9c2 cells and MSCs, and cell proliferation and viability were assessed. The expression of senescence-related genes, p53 and p16, and telomere length were analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the protein expression levels of situin 1 (SIRT1) were detected by western blotting. Additionally, telomerase activity of H9c2 was examined using the Telo TAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA PLUS kit. The present study revealed that, in the presence of DOXO, H9c2 cells were in senescence, as characterized by a low proliferation rate, poor viability and a marked increase in the expression of p53 and p16. By contrast, when co-cultured with MSCs in the presence of DOXO, the proliferation and viability of H9c2 cells increased. Additionally, the expression of p53 and p16 decreased, and increased length of telomere and telomerase activity was also observed. Additionally, the mechanism underlying the anti-senescence function of MSCs was revealed to involve the miR-34a-SIRT1 axis, confirmed by overexpressing miR-34a using a miR-34a mimic or silencing SIRT1 using small interfering RNA, which abolished the anti-senescence effect of MSCs on DOXO-treated H9c2 cells. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that MSCs may rejuvenate H9c2 cells from a state of DOXO-induced senescence by increasing SIRT1 expression, there by inhibiting miR-34a. Therefore, treatment with MSCs may have important therapeutic implications in the restoration of cardiotoxicity in patients with cancer undergoing treatment with DOXO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Latorre E, Birar VC, Sheerin AN, Jeynes JCC, Hooper A, Dawe HR, Melzer D, Cox LS, Faragher RGA, Ostler EL, Harries LW. Small molecule modulation of splicing factor expression is associated with rescue from cellular senescence. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:31. [PMID: 29041897 PMCID: PMC5645932 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-017-0147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered expression of mRNA splicing factors occurs with ageing in vivo and is thought to be an ageing mechanism. The accumulation of senescent cells also occurs in vivo with advancing age and causes much degenerative age-related pathology. However, the relationship between these two processes is opaque. Accordingly we developed a novel panel of small molecules based on resveratrol, previously suggested to alter mRNA splicing, to determine whether altered splicing factor expression had potential to influence features of replicative senescence. Results Treatment with resveralogues was associated with altered splicing factor expression and rescue of multiple features of senescence. This rescue was independent of cell cycle traverse and also independent of SIRT1, SASP modulation or senolysis. Under growth permissive conditions, cells demonstrating restored splicing factor expression also demonstrated increased telomere length, re-entered cell cycle and resumed proliferation. These phenomena were also influenced by ERK antagonists and agonists. Conclusions This is the first demonstration that moderation of splicing factor levels is associated with reversal of cellular senescence in human primary fibroblasts. Small molecule modulators of such targets may therefore represent promising novel anti-degenerative therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12860-017-0147-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Latorre
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Vishal C Birar
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Angela N Sheerin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - J Charles C Jeynes
- Centre for Biomedical Modelling and Analysis, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Amy Hooper
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Helen R Dawe
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - David Melzer
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Lynne S Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Richard G A Faragher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Elizabeth L Ostler
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.
| | - Lorna W Harries
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Barrack Road, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK.
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Peng Y, Yuan J, Zhang Z, Chang X. Cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABPC1) interacts with the RNA-binding protein hnRNPLL and thereby regulates immunoglobulin secretion in plasma cells. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:12285-12295. [PMID: 28611064 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.794834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that alternative processing of mRNA, including alternative splicing, 3' alternative polyadenylation, and regulation of mRNA stability/translation, represents a major mechanism contributing to protein diversification. For example, in alternative polyadenylation, the 3' end of the immunoglobulin heavy chain mRNA is processed during B cell differentiation, and this processing involves RNA-binding proteins. hnRNPLL (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like protein) is an RNA-binding protein expressed in terminally differentiated lymphocytes, such as memory T cells and plasma cells. hnRNPLL regulates various processes of RNA metabolism, including alternative pre-mRNA splicing and RNA stability. In plasma cells, hnRNPLL also regulates the transition from the membrane isoform of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (mIgH) to the secreted isoform (sIgH), but the precise mechanism remains to be identified. In this study, we report that hnRNPLL specifically associates with cytoplasmic PABPC1 (poly(A)-binding protein 1) in both T cells and plasma cells. We found that although PABPC1 is not required for the alternative splicing of CD45, a primary target of hnRNPLL in lymphocytes, PABPC1 does promote the binding of hnRNPLL to the immunoglobulin mRNA and regulates switching from mIgH to sIgH in plasma cells. Given the recently identified role of PABPC1 in mRNA alternative polyadenylation, our findings suggest that PABPC1 recruits hnRNPLL to the 3'-end of RNA and regulates the transition from membrane Ig to secreted Ig through mRNA alternative polyadenylation. In conclusion, our study has revealed a mechanism that regulates immunoglobulin secretion in B cells via cooperation between a plasma cell-specific RBP (hnRNPLL) and a universally expressed RBP (PABPC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Juanjuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Long noncoding RNA CRNDE stabilized by hnRNPUL2 accelerates cell proliferation and migration in colorectal carcinoma via activating Ras/MAPK signaling pathways. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2862. [PMID: 28594403 PMCID: PMC5520914 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have furthered our understanding of the function of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in numerous biological processes, including cancer. This study investigated the expression of a novel lncRNA, colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE), in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) tissues and cells by real-time RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, and its biological function using a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. CRNDE was found to be upregulated in primary CRC tissues and cells (P<0.05), and the upregulation of CRNDE expression is a powerful predictor of advanced TNM stage (P<0.05) and poor prognosis for CRC patients (P=0.002). The promoting effects of CRNDE on the cell proliferation, cell cycling and metastasis of CRC cells were confirmed both in vitro and in vivo by gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Mechanistically, it was demonstrated that CRNDE could form a functional complex with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like 2 protein (hnRNPUL2) and direct the transport of hnRNPUL2 between the nucleus and cytoplasm. hnRNPUL2 that was accumulated in the cytoplasm could interact with CRNDE both physically and functionally, increasing the stability of CRNDE RNA. Moreover, gene expression profile data showed that CRNDE depletion in cells downregulated a series of genes involved in the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the function and mechanism of lncRNA CRNDE in the pathogenesis of CRC and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for CRC intervention.
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Reversible modulation of SIRT1 activity in a mouse strain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173002. [PMID: 28273169 PMCID: PMC5342236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The SIRT1 protein deacetylase is reported to have a remarkably wide spectrum of biological functions affecting such varied processes as aging, cancer, metabolism, neurodegeneration and immunity. However, the SIRT1 literature is also full of contradictions. To help establish the role(s) of SIRT1 in these and other biological processes, we set out to create a mouse in which the SIRT1 activity could be toggled between on and off states by fusing the estrogen receptor ligand-binding domain (ER) to the C terminus of the SIRT1 protein. We found that the catalytic activity of the SIRT1-ER fusion protein increased 4–5 fold in cells treated with its ligand, 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4OHT). The 4OHT-induced activation of SIRT1-ER was due in large part to a 2 to 4-fold increase in abundance of the SIRT1-ER protein in cells in culture and in tissues in vivo. This increase is reversible and is a consequence of 4OHT-induced stabilization of the SIRT1-ER protein. Since changes in SIRT1 level or activity of 2–4 fold are frequently reported to be sufficient to affect its biological functions, this mouse should be helpful in establishing the causal relationships between SIRT1 and the diseases and processes it affects.
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