1
|
Choi H, Kim RJY, Park SY, Lee J, Song Y. Determinants of Dentist-Patient Relationships: A Scoping Review. Int Dent J 2024; 74:1078-1088. [PMID: 38553329 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dentist-patient relationship (DPR) is considered to be a key element in dental clinical settings. This scoping review aimed to examine the extent of previous research on DPR, focussing on its determinants for the reification of the construct. METHODS This research was directed by the guidance for systematic scoping reviews from the Joanna Briggs Institute. The inclusion/exclusion criteria were based on participants of general adults and dentists, the concept of determinants of DPR, and the context of dental health care encounters. A literature search was performed in 6 major electronic databases in July 2023. Key information from included articles was extracted to chart the results, mainly to identify the determinants of DPR. Each determinant of DPR was classified according to the conceptual model of DPR. RESULTS A total of 1727 records were initially identified, and 16 articles were included in the review. Nine studies used a quantitative method and 7 were nonempirical articles. All but 2 articles were from the perspective of patients. Factors were grouped into 6 main domains: dentist, patient, society/environment, clinical structure, clinical process, and outcome. Amongst the 6 domains of DPR, most determining factors were related to the clinical process. "Communication" was most frequently counted, at 8 times, followed by "trust" (frequency, 6). At the patient level, "dental fear/anxiety" was frequently used to measure DPR. CONCLUSIONS Previous literature about DPR indicated a few common and dentistry-specific determinants from the patient perspective. Further studies are encouraged to develop a more comprehensive framework and evaluation scale of DPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Choi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryan Jin-Young Kim
- Department of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngha Song
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Beltes C, Giannou K, Mantzios M. Exploring dental anxiety as a mediator in the relationship between mindfulness or self-compassion and dental neglect. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36920. [PMID: 39296016 PMCID: PMC11407940 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental anxiety and dental neglect are interconnected constructs with profound consequences for oral health and corresponding challenges for dental professionals. Meanwhile, other literature has indicated that mindfulness and self-compassion relate negatively to different forms of anxiety, and propose elements of potential interventions. This study aimed to explore the potential impact of dental anxiety as a mediator on the relationships between mindfulness or self-compassion and dental neglect. The results showed significant negative associations between mindfulness and self-compassion with dental anxiety and dental neglect. Mediation analyses supported the hypothesis that dental anxiety mediates the positive associations between mindfulness or self-compassion and dental neglect, providing preliminary evidence for the potential effectiveness of mindfulness and self-compassion interventions in addressing dental anxiety and dental neglect. Future research and potential clinical implications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyriaki Giannou
- De Montfort University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Michail Mantzios
- Birmingham City University, College of Psychology, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Motallebi A, Fathi M, Mazhari F, Hoseinzadeh M, Parisay I. Hypnosis and nitrous oxide impact on the school aged patients' anxiety and cooperation candidate for tooth extraction: A randomized clinical trial. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35223. [PMID: 39170235 PMCID: PMC11336481 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This randomized clinical trial (RCT) investigated whether hypnosis would lead to favorable outcomes in reducing anxiety, enhancing cooperation, and improving physiological responses in school-aged children undergoing tooth extraction compared to nitrous oxide/oxygen (N2O/O2) and conventional behavior guidance (CBG). Methods Sixty-six school-aged children (mean age: 7.87 ± 1.18 years) who needed one posterior primary tooth extraction were included. Children with low-to-moderate anxiety were randomly divided into three groups (n = 22 each): hypnosis, N2O/O2, and CBG. Anxiety levels during and after anesthetic injection and tooth extraction were assessed using the Venham Clinical Anxiety Scale (VCAS) and the Venham Picture Test (VPT). Changes in heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were monitored. Children's cooperation levels were measured using the Venham Clinical Cooperation Scale (VCCS). Results The VPT scores were significantly higher in the CBG group than in the N2O/O2 and hypnosis groups (p < 0.001). The VCAS scores in the N2O/O2 group were lower than those in the CBG group (p < 0.05) and were comparable to those in the hypnosis group. The VCCS scores were significantly higher in the CBG group than in the N2O/O2 and hypnosis groups (p < 0.05). HR changes in the N2O/O2 group were significantly lower than in the hypnosis and CBG groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference in pain was observed between the groups the day after the intervention. Conclusion N2O/O2 inhalation and hypnosis are effective in reducing self-reported and observed anxiety and improving cooperation levels in pediatric patients during dental extraction. Moreover, the frequency of reported pain was lower in the hypnosis group compared to the other groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsoon Motallebi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnourd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Fathi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mazhari
- Professor of Pediatric Dentistry Department, Dental Materials Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Hoseinzadeh
- Dentist, Research Assistant, Dental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Parisay
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Peric R, Tadin A. Associations between Dental Anxiety Levels, Self-Reported Oral Health, Previous Unpleasant Dental Experiences, and Behavioural Reactions in Dental Settings: An Adult E-Survey. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1303. [PMID: 39202584 PMCID: PMC11356593 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60081303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety, its association with self-reported oral health, and sociodemographic factors in adults that are critical for improving oral health and well-being. Materials and Methods: An online survey was conducted via social media, with 1551 adults (76.5% women, 23.5% men) participating nationwide. Data collected included demographic data, Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) scores, and associations between dental anxiety, negative experiences, and self-reported oral health. The analysis included psychophysiological, behavioural, and emotional responses and avoidance of dental visits, using descriptive and generalised linear regression models. Results: This study found that the mean score of the MDAS was 9.70 ± 5.11 out of 25, 19.1% of the participants reported no dental anxiety, and 7.8% suffered from dental phobia. Gender, age, and socioeconomic status had no significant effect on the prevalence of anxiety. Although more than half of the participants reported negative dental experiences, particularly in childhood, anxiety levels were unaffected. However, those who rated their oral health as excellent or very good had lower anxiety scores (p = 0.008, p = 0.024). Among the dental procedures, oral surgery (58.7%) and prosthetic (restorative) dental treatments (15.2%) caused the most anxiety. Avoidance behaviour correlated with increased anxiety (p ≤ 0.001), as did postponing dental visits until severe pain occurred (p = 0.011). Conclusions: These results emphasise the significant prevalence of dental anxiety in adults, particularly for surgical procedures and drilling, posing challenges in patient management. Tailored strategies are essential to reduce anxiety, improve patient well-being, and optimise dental service delivery and treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruzica Peric
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Antonija Tadin
- Department of Restorative Dental Medicine and Endodontics, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bock A, Wagenknecht N, Winnand P, Katz MS, Ooms M, Heitzer M, Hölzle F, Modabber A. Improvement of students' communication skills through targeted training and the use of simulated patients in dental education-a prospective cohort study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:820. [PMID: 39080578 PMCID: PMC11290294 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05818-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Good communication between patients and practitioners is essential, especially during dental procedures, as these treatments are often associated with increased nervousness and anxiety. The aim of this study was to investigate, implement and evaluate a concept for communication skills training by using targeted training in combination with simulation patients in dental education. METHODS Students (n = 34) were assigned to four small groups receiving targeted training consisting of two parts. A lecture about the theoretical basics of communication skills and two practical sessions with simulation patients. During this training, one of the students performed the conversation with the patient. Immediately after self-assessment was obtained, the simulation patient, the remaining students and the lecturer provided feedback. Additionally, anonymous surveys were administered to the students at the beginning of the semester, immediately after the training and at the end of the course. RESULTS The students rated the learning of communication skills as important for later professional life at all times. After targeted training followed by subsequent use in simulated patients, there was a significant improvement in communication skills (p < 0.001). The number of open-ended questions asked to patients after attending the course significantly increased (p = 0.0245). The communication training was considered useful, especially in small groups. CONCLUSION The implementation of targeted training with subsequent use in simulated patients significantly contributed to the students' improvement in communication skills. The concept offers a good opportunity to better prepare students for interaction with patients, both in their studies and in their upcoming professional lives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bock
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Nina Wagenknecht
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Philipp Winnand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie Sophie Katz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mark Ooms
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marius Heitzer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali Modabber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fathima A, Ravikumar R, Chellappa LR. Development of Cartoon-based Dental Anxiety Scale for Children: Validation and Reliability. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024; 17:796-801. [PMID: 39372523 PMCID: PMC11451918 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is a common, deterring problem affecting children, which has a significant negative impact on children's oral health, leading to avoidance of dental care, poor dental hygiene, and an increased risk of dental caries and other oral health problems. The Oddbods DFA assessment is an innovative, child-friendly instrument that has been developed to assess DFA in children. Aim To evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale, and to examine the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and criterion and construct validity of the scale. Materials and methods This study has assessed the reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity of the novel Oddbods anxiety assessment scale among 4-6-year-old children. Different samples were recruited to assess different criteria. A normative study was done to assess the distribution of age of the children according to anxiety levels. For assessing the test's retest reliability statistically, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23.0, Cronbach's α, interclass correlation coefficient, and t-test were used. For evaluating the criterion validity, the Spearman correlation coefficient was used. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test was used in an exploratory factor analysis to determine whether the sample size was sufficient for the factor analysis. Results The scale had a high positive correlation with the modified child dental anxiety scale (MCDAS), which is considered a gold standard, and a higher Cronbach's α value, which proved its internal consistency. It also showed a significant difference between anxious and nonanxious children, but there were no differences in the scores with respect to age. Conclusion The present scale proved to be a very effective tool for assessing DFA among young children. Clinical significance It is important to identify children at risk of dental anxiety. This scale helps to follow-up on children for their innate DFA, evaluate the efficacy of dental anxiety interventions, enhance communication, and improve access to dental care by encouraging children to seek dental care without fear or hesitation, promoting preventive care and better oral health outcomes. How to cite this article Fathima A, Ravikumar R, Chellappa LR. Development of Cartoon-based Dental Anxiety Scale for Children: Validation and Reliability. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):796-801.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Fathima
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramesh Ravikumar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lalitha Rani Chellappa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karibe H, Koeda M, Kato Y, Hama T, Tanaka S, Tateno A, Suzuki H, Okubo Y. Cerebral activation caused by dental sounds: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Odontology 2024; 112:1001-1009. [PMID: 38308677 PMCID: PMC11269441 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00898-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Dental drilling sounds can induce anxiety in some patients. This study aimed to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess the relationship between dental fear and auditory stimuli. Thirty-four right-handed individuals (21 women and 13 men; average age, 31.2 years) were selected. The level of dental fear was assessed using the dental fear survey (DFS). Based on a threshold DFS score > 52, participants were categorized into two groups: dental fear (DF) group (n = 12) and control group (n = 22). Two types of stimuli were presented in a single session: dental and neutral sounds. Cerebral activation during the presentation of these sounds was evaluated using contrast-enhanced blood oxygenation level-dependent fMRI. In the DF group, dental sounds induced significantly stronger activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and left caudate nucleus (one-sample t test, P < 0.001). In contrast, in the control group, significantly stronger activation was observed in the bilateral Heschl's gyri and left middle frontal gyrus (one-sample t test, P < 0.001). Additionally, a two-sample t test revealed that dental sounds induced a significantly stronger activation in the left caudate nucleus in the DF group than in the control group (P < 0.005). These findings suggest that the cerebral activation pattern in individuals with DF differs from that in controls. Increased activation of subcortical regions may be associated with sound memory during dental treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Karibe
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Michihiko Koeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kato
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hama
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ehime, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Amane Tateno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Czakert J, Kandil FI, Boujnah H, Tavakolian P, Blakeslee SB, Stritter W, Dommisch H, Seifert G. Scenting serenity: influence of essential-oil vaporization on dental anxiety - a cluster-randomized, controlled, single-blinded study (AROMA_dent). Sci Rep 2024; 14:14143. [PMID: 38898054 PMCID: PMC11187188 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63657-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is known as an immense challenge in oral healthcare, which can result in compromised oral health, pain, and uncomfortable treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of essential-oil vaporization on acute anxiety of patients in dental practices. Four dental practices used five weekly cycles of vaporization with each scent: Orange (Citrus sinensis), Swiss Pine (Pinus cembra), Good Mood (blended essential oils: Citrus sinensis, Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus limon, Osmanthus fragrance (5%)), Forest Walk (blended essential oils: Abies grandis, Pinus cembra, Myrtus communis c. t. 1,8-cineol, Abies alba, Citrus paradisi, Abies sibirica, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Vetiveria zizanoides), and water. Acute anxiety was the primary outcome (state-trait-anxiety inventory (STAI-S)). Secondary outcomes were trait anxiety (STAI-T), dental anxiety (Kleinknecht dental fear survey), and pain perception in treatment (numeric rating scale). Across all patients (n = 486), STAI-S was slightly higher in the control group (40.7 ± 11.6) than in the intervention groups (38.4 ± 10.5). Post-hoc analyses revealed that the effect is only robust for the subgroup of female patients (n = 296, p = 0.044). We also conducted a post-hoc additional analysis on a subpopulation with an increased level of STAI-T ≥ 42 (n = 131 patients). For this group the difference in acute anxiety between the control group (51.1 ± 11.9, n = 30) vs. the intervention groups (46.8 ± 9.6, n = 118) was significant (T = 4.39, p = 0.0379). The results of the study indicate a promising potential of essential-oil vaporization to alleviate dental anxiety, particularly in the subgroups of patients with a high level of trait anxiety, and particularly in female patients. The calming effects of the essential-oil vaporization were also highlighted by the anecdotical statements of the dental-practice staff. The anxiety-reducing role of essential-oil vaporization alone and as one part of combined techniques to counter DFA should be further explored using multi-perspective methodological approaches in research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Czakert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Research Group: Prevention, Integrative Medicine and Health Promotion, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Farid I Kandil
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hiba Boujnah
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Research Group: Prevention, Integrative Medicine and Health Promotion, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pantea Tavakolian
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Research Group: Prevention, Integrative Medicine and Health Promotion, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah B Blakeslee
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Research Group: Prevention, Integrative Medicine and Health Promotion, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiebke Stritter
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Research Group: Prevention, Integrative Medicine and Health Promotion, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Dommisch
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery, Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Seifert
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Research Group: Prevention, Integrative Medicine and Health Promotion, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alamoudi RA, Bamashmous N, Albeladi NH, Sabbagh HJ. Risk Factors Associated with Children's Behavior in Dental Clinics: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:677. [PMID: 38929256 PMCID: PMC11201447 DOI: 10.3390/children11060677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
One of the most crucial tasks of pediatric dentists is to control children's negative behaviors. This study aimed to assess dental behavior and the associated risk factors among children aged 4-12. This cross-sectional study recruited healthy, unaffected children aged 4 to 12 years. Parents were interviewed regarding the sociodemographic details and characteristics of their children's dental visits. Two collaborative dentists examined the children for dental caries (DMFT/DMFT) and behavioral status (Frankl's behavior rating scale). This study included 439 children: 27.3% exhibited uncooperative behavior, and the mean DMFT/dmft was 8.46 ± 3.530. Uncooperative behavior significantly increased when the dental visit was scheduled as an emergency treatment (p = 0.134; Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.530) and when there was an elevated DMFT/DMFT ratio (p < 0.001; AOR: 1.308). This study revealed a significant association between children's uncooperative behavior and their first dental visit, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies to address behavioral challenges when scheduling pediatric dental care. The proactive measures included controlling caries and avoiding emergencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abdullah Alamoudi
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Nada Bamashmous
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Nuha Hamdi Albeladi
- General Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Heba Jafar Sabbagh
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (N.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Slabšinskienė E, Radlinskaitė K, Kavaliauskienė A, Vasiliauskienė I, Zūbienė J, Saldūnaitė-Mikučionienė K, Zaborskis A. Do Subjects from Different Occupational Groups Experience Dental Fear and Anxiety Equally? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:674. [PMID: 38674320 PMCID: PMC11051849 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Research into the relationship between occupation and dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is scarce. This exploratory study aimed to compare the level of DFA and its association with its predictors amongst adults from different occupational groups. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 422 respondents from four occupational groups (physicians, teachers, industry workers, and artists) was carried out. A questionnaire on previous dental experience using the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), Dental Fear Survey (DFS), and Self-Esteem Scale was self-administered electronically. The data analysis involved descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results: The DFA levels differed significantly across the occupational groups, with the lowest mean scores among physicians (DAS = 9.29 (SE 0.39); DFS-1 = 14.67 (0.63); DFS-2 = 33.94 (1.69)) and the highest mean scores among artists (DAS = 10.74 (0.38); DFS-1 = 17.19 (0.71); DFS-2 = 41.34 (1.92)). A significant impact of self-esteem on DFA was observed among physicians, teachers, and artists, but not among industry workers. Multi-group analysis with SEM revealed differences in the variable association (Chi-squared = 53.75; df = 21; p < 0.001), thus rejecting the hypothesis of the same mechanism underlying DFA across occupational groups. Conclusions: Individuals from various occupations experience DFA at different levels, and there are different mechanisms underlying their DFA. These findings can provide valuable insights for dental practitioners in developing tailored approaches to reduce the feeling of DFA of their patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Slabšinskienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Karolina Radlinskaitė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Aistė Kavaliauskienė
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Ingrida Vasiliauskienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Jūratė Zūbienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Kristina Saldūnaitė-Mikučionienė
- Department of Oral Health and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania; (K.R.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (K.S.-M.)
| | - Apolinaras Zaborskis
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ogawa M, Saito A, Karukivi M, Lahti S. Associations of sensory sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, and alexithymia with dental anxiety. Eur J Oral Sci 2024; 132:e12973. [PMID: 38311805 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to reveal interrelationships between alexithymia, catastrophic thinking, sensory processing patterns, and dental anxiety among 460 participants who were registrants of a Japanese research company. Measures used were the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, the Adult Sensory Profile, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. The interrelationships among the constructs were analyzed using structural equation modeling, adjusting for age, gender, and negative dental treatment experience. Data from 428 participants were used in the analyses. Sensory sensitivity and pain catastrophizing were independently associated with anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety, while difficulty identifying feelings was not. In the mediation model, sensory sensitivity and pain catastrophizing served as full mediators between difficulty identifying feelings and the dimensions of dental anxiety (indirect effects were between 0.13 and 0.15). The strength of the associations was 0.55 from difficulty identifying feelings to both pain catastrophizing and sensory sensitivity, and between 0.24 and 0.26 to anticipatory and treatment-related dental anxiety. The association between trait-like phenomena, such as alexithymia, and dental anxiety may be mediated by neurophysiological and cognitive factors such as sensory sensitivity and pain catastrophizing. These findings could be crucial for new and innovative interventions for managing dental anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Ogawa
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Diagnostics and General Care, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Akihiro Saito
- Department of Business Administration, The University of Kitakyushu, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Max Karukivi
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Joybell C, Kumar K. Evaluating the Effectiveness of CHRIS'S Birds Assisted Therapy on Dental Anxiety among Pediatric Patients: A Pilot Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024; 17:S84-S94. [PMID: 39185259 PMCID: PMC11343993 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The heart of childhood nurtures an array of immature emotions. Through this rollercoaster of childhood emotions, from tears to laughter, it is the sole responsibility of a pediatric dentist to help the children navigate through their emotions with their empathetic actions. Whenever a child is anxious or fearful in the dental chair, the child may put forth his emotion through crying or taking up a flight response. Dental caries is a disease that is aggravated when a child refuses to cooperate with dental treatment. The tiny holes in the tooth, when unfilled, may lead to bigger problems, which in turn may lead to tooth loss in future. It is the comprehensive responsibility of the pediatric dentist to support health and emotional development and provide a complete, fulfilling oral rehabilitation to the child patient. Aims and objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the anxiety levels of pediatric patients visiting the dental Outpatient Department at a Dental College and Hospital in Kavalkinaru. This study unveils a novel technique wherein birds were used in the form of CHRIS'S Birds Assisted Therapy to reduce anxiety in pediatric dental patients. Results Results showed that intervention with birds through CHRIS'S Birds Assisted Therapy significantly reduced the anxiety levels in children. Conclusion Thus, CHRIS'S Birds Assisted Therapy is shown to be a promising method of anxiety control, a key to a successful pediatric dental practice. How to cite this article Joybell C, Kumar K. Evaluating the Effectiveness of CHRIS'S Birds Assisted Therapy on Dental Anxiety among Pediatric Patients: A Pilot Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(S-1):S84-S94.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chrishantha Joybell
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kawin Kumar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Somero A, Suominen A, Pohjola V, Ogawa M, Sipilä K, Kakko N, Tulppo M, Lahti S. Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Dental Anxiety in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC1966) Population. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:81. [PMID: 38534305 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity may be associated with dental anxiety; however, no studies exist on the topic. The aim of this study was to assess if ANS activity and dental anxiety are associated. Data were collected as part of a Northern Finland Birth Cohort Study, NFBC1966, at the age of 46 years with eligible data on 1905 participants. Dental anxiety was measured using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) categorized as follows: 19-25 = high, 10-18 = moderate, 5-9 = no to low dental anxiety. Heart rate variability (HRV) data were collected using an HR monitor and a standard lead-II electrocardiogram (ECG). Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was calculated from continuous ECG and blood pressure signals. Participants were categorized into three groups as follows: Low = the lowest 20th percentile, Mid = medium 21-79th percentile, and High = the highest 20th percentile according to their ANS variables. The associations between the MDAS and ANS activity parameters were evaluated using unordered multinomial logit models adjusted for comorbidities, β-blockers, BMI, smoking, and education. High heart rate, reduced HRV, low cardiac vagal modulation, and poor BRS were associated with moderate dental anxiety, and high cardiac vagal modulation and good BRS were associated with no to low dental anxiety. Poorer ANS activity might predispose some to dental anxiety, and better ANS activity might protect from dental anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atte Somero
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Ogawa
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Sipilä
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Niklas Kakko
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko Tulppo
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Al-Sebaei MO. Frequency and features of medical emergencies at a teaching dental hospital in Saudi Arabia: a 14-year retrospective observational study. BMC Emerg Med 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38475693 PMCID: PMC10935771 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-024-00957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the nature, frequency, and characteristics of medical emergencies occurring at the King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS The incident reports of medical emergencies recorded at the King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital from January 2008 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The annual/overall incidence of medical emergency events was calculated per 100,000 patients. The following characteristics of the patients/events were evaluated: age, gender, operator, procedure, location, timing of treatment, administration of local anesthesia, past medical history, symptoms, diagnosis, outcome, and disposition. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations of these characteristics with two outcomes: syncope and transfer to the emergency room (ER). RESULTS The incidence of emergency events was 17.4 per 100,000 patients. Syncope and hypoglycemia were the most common emergencies. Most incidents recovered, with only 13% requiring transfer to the ER. Undergoing no procedure and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class 2,3 were associated with syncope. Undergoing a general dental procedure, ASA class 2,3, and a diagnosis other than hypoglycemia and syncope were associated with transfer to the ER. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of medical emergencies was low. Dental practitioners need to remain aware of the contributing factors, such as past medical history and anxiety, but medical emergencies can occur in healthy individuals as well. Preparation of the dental office, training of the personnel, and proper recording of the events are essential components of a well-established medical emergency protocol in dental institutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maisa O Al-Sebaei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Abdulaziz University - Faculty of Dentistry, 21589, Jeddah, PO Box 80209, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tanaka S, Karibe H, Kato Y, Okamoto A, Koeda M, Hama T. Comparison of Aversion to Visual Dental Stimuli Between Patients and Dentists: A Preliminary Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2024; 18:623-633. [PMID: 38476588 PMCID: PMC10929565 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s447526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Fearful dental patients often cite various dental instruments or procedures as triggers for their dental fear. Thus, visual dental stimuli provoke anxiety. This preliminary study aimed to assess the level of aversion to visual stimuli in dental patients and compare it with that in dentists. Patients and Methods A total of 43 dental patients (25 women, 18 men; average age, 29.9 ± 13.3 years; patient group) and 13 dentists (4 women, 9 men; average age, 28.2 ± 2.0 years; dentist group) were included. All participants had previously undergone dental treatment. The dental fear level was assessed using the self-reported Dental Fear Survey (DFS). Thirty-two images associated with dental treatment were prepared and classified into three categories: dental instruments, dental procedures, and the dental environment. All participants rated their level of disgust toward each image on a visual analog scale with scores ranging from 0 to 100. Results In the patient group, the disgust ratings for tooth extraction, dental drilling, and local anesthesia were >60, which were significantly different from those in the dentist group (Mann-Whitney U-test, p<0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.001, respectively). The ranking order of the disgust ratings for the 32 images showed significant correlation between the patient and dentist groups (Spearman correlation coefficient, r=0.80, p<0.001). In the patient group, the disgust ratings for dental impressions and the interdental brush, dental light, and dental chair were significantly correlated with DFS scores (r=0.61, p<0.001; r=0.47, p=0.001; r=0.41, p=0.006; and r=0.40, p=0.008, respectively). Conclusion This study revealed that patients have more negative feelings toward invasive procedures than dentists. However, a significant correlation was identified between the ranking of aversion-provoking dental stimuli by patients and dentists. Furthermore, the level of aversion to several dental-related items that do not cause pain was correlated with the dental fear level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tanaka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Karibe
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kato
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayuko Okamoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiko Koeda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hama
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ehime, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lahti S, Kataja EL, Suominen A, Palo K, Ogawa M, Kallio A, Räikkönen O, Pohjola V, Rantavuori K, Karlsson L, Karlsson H. Two-Year Trajectories of Dental Anxiety in Parents and Their Association with Parents' and Children's Oral Healthcare Procedures in FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:72. [PMID: 38534296 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify parents' dental anxiety trajectories and the association of the trajectories with the number of parents' and their children's oral healthcare procedures in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale at gestational weeks (gw) 14 and 34, as well as 3 and 24 months (mo) after childbirth. Oral healthcare procedures from gw14 to 24 mo were obtained from the national patient data register and categorized as preventive and treatment. Trajectories were identified with latent growth mixture modelling for 2068 fathers and 3201 mothers. Associations between trajectories and procedures adjusted for education were analyzed using unordered multinomial logit models. Fathers' trajectories were stable low (80.1%), stable high (3.4%), stable moderate (11.0%), moderate increasing (3.9%) and high decreasing (1.6%). Mothers' trajectories were stable low (80.7%), stable high (11.2%), moderate increasing (5.3%) and high decreasing (2.8%). Mothers with decreasing dental anxiety had a higher number of preventive and treatment procedures. Fathers with decreasing dental anxiety had a higher number of preventive and treatment procedures, while fathers with increasing dental anxiety had fewer procedures. Children of mothers with stable low dental anxiety had higher number of preventive procedures. There seems to be a two-way association between dental anxiety trajectories and oral healthcare procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Katri Palo
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Ogawa
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Anu Kallio
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Oral Health Services, Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Outi Räikkönen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Oral Health Services, Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari Rantavuori
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery Helsinki University, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Katila J, Guo E, Aziz N, Bradford KE, Lahti S. Intercorporeal Formations in Pediatric Dental Encounters With Patients Showing Distress: The Intertwine of Controlling and Comforting Touch. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:323-339. [PMID: 37983539 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231211451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety are highly prevalent among children and have been shown to lead to irregular use of dental services. Previous research has suggested that while touch can alleviate the patient's stress and help in accomplishing dental procedures, it can also be a source of stress or used to restrain the patient. In this study, we explore the emergence and intertwine of controlling and comforting touch in pediatric dental clinic settings in which patients show signs of resistance, distress, or fear. We use microanalysis of video-recorded interactions to unveil how the adults in the room-any combination of the dentist, dental assistant, hygienist, and caregiver(s)-deploy various types of touch on the child patient to perform the dental procedure while simultaneously comforting the child. Our data set covers video-recordings of naturally occurring dental clinic visits of 3- to 12-year-old child patients from four cultural contexts: Finland, China, Iraq, and the United States. Drawing on Merleau-Ponty's writings on intercorporeality and the interaffectivity of bodies, the study proposes that touch in pediatric dentistry unfolds as complex intercorporeal formations where the interaffectivity emerges not only through touch but also via vocal resonance. In contrast to clear boundaries between comforting and controlling touch, our analysis indicates that the line between comforting and controlling touch can be blurred. We suggest that touching a pediatric patient showing resistance toward a dental procedure requires careful affective attention to the patient's subtle and moment-by-moment bodily expressions and reactions to the touch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Katila
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Enhua Guo
- School of Foreign Languages, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Niaz Aziz
- Department of English, Soran University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Katie E Bradford
- Department of Communication Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ghaffar RSA, Sheikh M, Kidwai M, Sanaullah A, Salman M, Ilyas A, Ahmed N, Lal A. Impact of high-speed handpiece noise-induced dental anxiety on heart rate: analyzing experienced and non-experienced patients - a comparative study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:265. [PMID: 38389070 PMCID: PMC10885409 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental anxiety is very much common among the patients and could be due to different factors like the behavior of the dentist, past experiences, Needle phobia, or word of mouth from other patients. According to recent studies, a strong association between sound and anxiety has been found, so this observational study has been conducted to find out the link between the activation of anxiety with the sound of a handpiece between experienced patients, who have already gone through the dental treatments and non-experienced patients. METHODS Total of 297 participants were part of this study. These participants were divided into 2 groups according to the experienced and non-experienced dental patients. The researcher first filled out the CORAH Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) form to mark the anxiety level of the patients, and then noted the readings of the heart rate in 3 intervals which were before during, and after the treatment with the pulse oximeter. Later the data was analysed using the SPSS independent t-test. RESULTS Results show that patients in group 1 who have gone through the dental treatment before were less anxious and had a lesser effect on their heart rate than the patient who were having the treatment for the first time who were in group 2. Another interesting factor was noticed that in both the groups female were found to be more anxious than male participants. Participants with younger age were found to be more anxious than older age patient in both groups CONCLUSIONS: The sound of the handpiece can provoke anxiety in the patient, affecting the heart and increasing the heart rate. Participants who were experienced were found to be less anxious than the participants who were inexperienced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnoor Sheikh
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muneeza Kidwai
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Anas Sanaullah
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Anum Ilyas
- Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abhishek Lal
- Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alzoubi H, Kabbani S, Taleb A, Bshara N, Altinawi MK, Almonakel MB, Al Kurdi S. Rectal Sedation With Ketamine and Midazolam in the Management of Uncooperative Children During Dental Treatment: A Case Series and Method Description. Cureus 2024; 16:e54825. [PMID: 38529445 PMCID: PMC10962867 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In pediatric dentistry, sedation aims to eliminate anxiety to facilitate the completion of dental procedures. Sedation in children is a multidimensional field that includes the child, parents/guardians, and the health care team. The rectal route is generally painless, making it suitable for children who are afraid of needles. This route has several advantages over the oral route, including reduced patient cooperation requirements, a faster and more predictable onset, and less physical trauma than the intravenous and intramuscular routes. This case series aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and success rate of rectal sedation with ketamine and midazolam in the management of uncooperative children during dental treatment. Case presentation Ten healthy children with definitely negative behavior were enrolled in this study. Each child was given 7 mg/kg of ketamine in combination with midazolam 0.1 mg/kg by the rectal route. The mean onset sedation time was 9.5 minutes, and pulpotomy procedures were done. Behavioral response was monitored throughout treatment using the Ohio State University Behavioral Rating Scale (OSUBRS), and the depth of sedation was measured using the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS). The Houpt General Behavior Scale was used to estimate the treatment success rate based on the overall behavior rating. All 10 cases showed good anxiolysis and cooperation following rectal administration, with no side effects observed. Conclusions Rectal administration of ketamine in combination with midazolam may be considered a reliable method in the management of uncooperative children during dental treatment. No adverse effects were observed during or after the sedation procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Alzoubi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Samar Kabbani
- Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Ahmad Taleb
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Nada Bshara
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | | | | | - Saleh Al Kurdi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sisodia M, Kaur H, Garg N, Choudhary R, Yeluri R. The Effect of Three-point Acupressure Therapy on Anxiety Levels in Children Undergoing Dental Procedures. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024; 17:136-142. [PMID: 39184886 PMCID: PMC11339470 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim To evaluate the efficacy of three-point acupressure therapy in decreasing the dental anxiety in children undergoing dental procedures and to introduce acupressure as a simple, noninvasive, and cost-effective technique of reducing dental anxiety in children. Materials and methods One hundred and sixty-eight, 8-12 years participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allotted to either group I (three-point acupressure) (n = 84) or group II (control) (n = 84). All children were subjected to a self-report measure of anxiety [Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale (MCDAS)] 30 minutes before starting and after completing the dental treatment. For group I children, acupressure beads were applied on selected three acupoints for approximately 10 minutes and were left adhered in place. After 20 minutes, anxiety scores were recorded for all the children and allotted treatment procedure was initiated. For group II children, the same methodology was followed except for the application of acupressure beads. Frankl behavior (FB) rating scale, pulse rate (PR), and systemic saturation levels of oxygen were also recorded as secondary outcome measures. The data obtained was analyzed statistically using Chi-squared analysis, t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) along with post hoc Bonferroni test. Significance level was predetermined at p ≤ 0.05. Results At time frame (TF)-2, significant decrease in anxiety scores was observed in acupressure group irrespective of the treatment procedure, whereas in control group, it increased significantly. PR was also increased in acupressure group and FB scale was improved. In control group, PR increased and behavior was not improved. Between TF-2 and 3, no reduction in anxiety score was observed. Conclusion The three-point acupressure therapy reduces anxiety in children undergoing dental procedures when compared to nonacupressure group and the difference was statistically significant. Acupressure is a noninvasive stimulation technique applied to acupoints and can be easily administered by a trained pediatric dentist. How to cite this article Sisodia M, Kaur H, Garg N, et al. The Effect of Three-point Acupressure Therapy on Anxiety Levels in Children Undergoing Dental Procedures. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(2):136-142.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manishi Sisodia
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishita Garg
- Department of Paedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Dental Institute, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Rishika Choudhary
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramakrishna Yeluri
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kurki P, Korhonen M, Honkalampi K, Lahti S, Suominen AL. The use of dental anxiety management techniques during one-session treatment: a study on five video-recorded patient cases. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 82:55-65. [PMID: 37747276 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2258957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine what kinds of dental anxiety management techniques dentists use in the context of one-session treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS The data consisted of videotaped treatment sessions for five dentally anxious adults. The treatment was conducted by two experienced dentists without formal training in the treatment of dentally anxious patients or behavioral management techniques. Theory-driven qualitative content analysis, based on the anxiety management classification of Milgrom et al. was used to identify and classify the techniques used during the treatments. RESULTS Altogether, diverse categories of dental anxiety management techniques were identified under the main themes of enhancing trust and control and psychological management. Techniques that fell into enhancing trust and control included the categories of 'building a trustful relationship', 'informational control', and 'behavioral control'. These techniques were used consistently throughout the sessions. Additionally, psychological management techniques were identified and classified as 'behavioral strategies: relaxing the body' and 'cognitive strategies: relaxing the mind', which were regularly used in specific situations. CONCLUSION The results indicate that a variety of dental anxiety management techniques were used during one-session treatments. The findings provide valuable insights for dentists in managing their patients with dental anxiety and improving their overall treatment experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pirjo Kurki
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Korhonen
- Psychology, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Joensuu, University of Eastern, Finland
| | - Kirsi Honkalampi
- Psychology, School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Joensuu, University of Eastern, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Alzoubi H, Rajab M, Bshara N, Almonakel MB. Evaluation of the effect of high-intensity light-curing device on micro-leakage of pits and fissure sealants. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 39:19. [PMID: 38159193 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Reducing treatment time is one of the most important trends in modern dentistry. This study aimed to compare the micro-leakage around the resin sealants when using both high and conventional intensity light-curing systems. The study sample consisted of 30 extracted human maxillary premolar teeth that were divided into two equal groups according to the light-curing system used: Group 1, High-Intensity Light-Curing System and Group 2, Conventional Light-Curing System. Light-curing by Woodpecker I-LED device with two intensities (high and conventional) has been used. All teeth were subjected to 500 cycles of thermocycling. Then, a methylene blue dye microleakage test was performed, and the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and studied under a stereo microscope. The mean of micro-leakage in the high-intensity group (1.33 ± 1.29) was less than in the conventional intensity group (1.63 ± 1.29) without any statistically significant differences (p = 0.320). The high-intensity light-curing system mode may be a good and acceptable alternative to conventional intensity light-curing system mode in polymerization of pits and fissure sealants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Alzoubi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Damascus University, Al-Mazzeh St, P.O. Box 3062, Damascus, Syria.
| | - Malek Rajab
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Damascus University, Al-Mazzeh St, P.O. Box 3062, Damascus, Syria
| | - Nada Bshara
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Damascus University, Al-Mazzeh St, P.O. Box 3062, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammed Bashier Almonakel
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Damascus University, Al-Mazzeh St, P.O. Box 3062, Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zsido AN, Kiss BL, Basler J, Birkas B, Coelho CM. Key factors behind various specific phobia subtypes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22281. [PMID: 38097804 PMCID: PMC10721914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While it has been suggested that more than a quarter of the whole population is at risk of developing some form of specific phobia (SP) during their lives, we still know little about the various risk and protective factors and underlying mechanisms. Moreover, although SPs are distinct mental disorder categories, most studies do not distinguish between them, or stress their differences. Thus, our study was manifold. We examined the psychometric properties of the Specific Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ) and assessed whether it can be used for screening in the general population in a large sample (N = 685). Then, using general linear modeling on a second sample (N = 432), we tested how potential socio-demographic, cognitive emotion regulatory, and personality variables were associated with the five SP subtypes. Our results show that the SPQ is a reliable screening tool. More importantly, we identified transdiagnostic (e.g., younger age, female gender, rumination, catastrophizing, positive refocusing) as well as phobia-specific factors that may contribute to the development and maintenance of SPs. Our results support previous claims that phobias are more different than previously thought, and, consequently, should be separately studied, instead of collapsing into one category. Our findings could be pertinent for both prevention and intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andras N Zsido
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, 6 Ifjusag Street, Pécs, Baranya, 7624, Hungary.
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Botond L Kiss
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, 6 Ifjusag Street, Pécs, Baranya, 7624, Hungary
| | - Julia Basler
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, 6 Ifjusag Street, Pécs, Baranya, 7624, Hungary
| | - Bela Birkas
- Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Carlos M Coelho
- Department of Psychology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mac Giolla Phadraig C, Kammer PV, Asimakopoulou K, Healy O, Fleischmann I, Buchanan H, Newton JT, Daly B, Posse JL, Hosey MT, Yarascavitch C, MacAuley Y, Stirling C, Ahmad Fisal AB, Nunn J. Labels and descriptions of dental behaviour support techniques: A scoping review of clinical practice guidelines. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:1065-1077. [PMID: 37368479 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is no agreed taxonomy of the techniques used to support patients to receive professional oral healthcare. This lack of specification leads to imprecision in describing, understanding, teaching and implementing behaviour support techniques in dentistry (DBS). METHODS This review aims to identify the labels and associated descriptors used by practitioners to describe DBS techniques, as a first step in developing a shared terminology for DBS techniques. Following registration of a protocol, a scoping review limited to Clinical Practice Guidelines only was undertaken to identify the labels and descriptors used to refer to DBS techniques. RESULTS From 5317 screened records, 30 were included, generating a list of 51 distinct DBS techniques. General anaesthesia was the most commonly reported DBS (n = 21). This review also explores what term is given to DBS techniques as a group (Behaviour management was most commonly used (n = 8)) and how these techniques were categorized (mainly distinguishing between pharmacological and non-pharmacological). CONCLUSIONS This is the first attempt to generate a list of techniques that can be selected for patients and marks an initial step in future efforts at agreeing and categorizing these techniques into an accepted taxonomy, with all the benefits this brings to research, education, practice and patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Olive Healy
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Blánaid Daly
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris Stirling
- The Crisis Prevention Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - June Nunn
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lagarde M, Brunou J, Feijoo Yeckle K, Lemonier N, Pelissolo A, Pirnay P. Dental anxiety, a one-year evaluation. SANTE PUBLIQUE (VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY, FRANCE) 2023; 35:29-33. [PMID: 38040643 DOI: 10.3917/spub.hs1.2023.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Dental anxiety is the second most common reason for patients to forgo treatment in France. Based on this observation, the odontology and psychiatry departments of Henri Mondor hospital proposed a collaborative approach to help these patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of this pilot project over one year. The patients appreciated the consultation, considering it a tool to help them be able to receive care. This consultation also resulted in 17 percent of patients being offered psychological care in order to treat other problems related to dental anxiety. The idea of a network of practitioners specialized in the treatment of these anxious patients is therefore proposed, the patients having emphasized that not having to re-explain their anxieties would be a relief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lagarde
- Hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Groupe hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor AP-HP, France
| | - Juliette Brunou
- Hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Groupe hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor AP-HP, France
| | | | - Nicolas Lemonier
- Hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Groupe hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor AP-HP, France
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- Hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Groupe hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor AP-HP, France
| | - Philippe Pirnay
- Hôpital Albert-Chenevier, Groupe hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor AP-HP, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Al Homoud RA, Alshellatie AK, Alzumaie AS, Al‐Bayati SA. Behavior and anxiety levels in pediatric patient: The behavioral changes and anxiety of pediatric patient in dental clinic. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:1223-1231. [PMID: 37840231 PMCID: PMC10728512 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to evaluate the behavioral patterns and anxiety levels of pediatric patients in dental clinics, discern their behavioral expectations, and investigate the associations between these factors and the patient's age and gender. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 150 pediatric patients visiting Sharjah Thumbay Dental Hospital for treatment were recruited over a study period of 23 weeks (February 12, 2022 to July 23, 2022). The patient's age ranged from 2 to 14 years. Guardians were informed about the study and their written consent was taken. EXCLUSION CRITERIA Children over 14 years old, children whose guardians refused to participate in the study, and medically compromised children. Frankl's behavior rating scale, Categorical rating scale, and Venham anxiety and behavioral rating scales were used to evaluate the pediatric patient's behavior and anxiety at the end of the dental visit, the evaluation was done by the same trained dental student for all the patients. RESULTS When the Mann-Whitney U test was used for gender, no significant differences were observed in behavior and anxiety between male and female patients across all scales employed in this study. Conversely, when examining various age groups for behavior and anxiety using the Kruskal-Wallis test, significant findings emerged across nearly all scales. In the categorical rating scale, the age group of 11-14 years exhibited the most notable results in subscales of crying (p = .034), cooperativeness (p = .002), and apprehensiveness (p = .003). CONCLUSION The pediatric patients who took part in this study exhibited heightened anxiety when attending dental clinics. This study underscores the importance of understanding child behavior and utilizing effective communication with children and their guardians. Dental professionals should consider implementing strategies to manage child behavior during visits. Further research is required to develop sufficient strategies tailored to different pediatric populations, aiming to enhance dental care outcomes for pediatric patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sura A. Al‐Bayati
- Diagnostic and Surgical Dental Science DepartmentCollege of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, BDSAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Al-Sebaei MO. Evaluating the use of role-play simulations in teaching management of medical emergencies in the dental clinic. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:831. [PMID: 37924046 PMCID: PMC10625235 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practical hands-on training is necessary for clinical competence in managing medical emergencies in the dental setting. Therefore, the King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry developed a role-play simulation-based clinical module for training clinical years (Years 4, 5, and 6) dental students in medical emergency management between 2016 and 2020. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and skills of years 4, 5, and 6 dental students before and after the completion of the role-play simulation-based medical emergency training module. METHODS A mandatory four-hour annual training module was designed consisting of a 45-minute lecture on the medical emergency basic action plan and overview, four hands-on stations, and six role-play simulation-based medical emergency stations. A 16-item multiple choice test was used to assess the knowledge of the students before and after the training module every academic year. An objective structured clinical exam (OSCE) on a medical emergency scenario was administered to the students graduating each year. The difference between the pre- and post-module test scores and the one-time OSCE pass/fail rate were analyzed statistically using appropriate tests. RESULTS A total of 846 students participated in the study between 2017 and 2020: 275 once, 483 twice, 87 thrice, and one participated four times; in total, 1,506 assessments were conducted. Overall, the pre-test and post-test mean scores were 9.4 ± 3.0 and 13.5 ± 1.6, respectively. All students showed significant improvements in the post-test scores compared to the pre-test scores. Year 4 students showed the highest improvement, followed by Year 5 and Year 6. There was a statistically significant association between the pass/fail rate of the OSCE station and the number of times the module was taken. CONCLUSIONS The significant improvement in the scores of clinical year students in this study supports an annual mandate for all dental students to undergo simulation-based competency training in their clinical years. Teaching institutions are recommended to utilize simulation and hands-on instruction to teach medical emergency management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maisa O Al-Sebaei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, PO box 80209, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nadella S, Asi A, Sheridan O, Wolff M, Panchal N. Strategies for managing dental care for refugee patients. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2023; 43:824-828. [PMID: 36310108 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To outline key factors that contribute to oral health issues of refugees and asylum seekers and provide management strategies for dental providers to teach desensitization and fear reduction for this special population. METHODS AND RESULTS We researched published literature in the PubMed database and incorporated lessons gained from treating refugee and asylee patients at a Vulnerable Populations Clinic (VPC) at an urban academic dental school. Refugees and asylees are at high risk for oral conditions due to a tendency to not seek routine dental treatment, psychological stressors, and various systemic factors. Oral health providers can teach patients desensitization and fear reduction by working to gain patients' trust by having effective communication and prioritizing comfort in the dental operatory. Providers should also utilize translation, psychological, and/or multicultural support services during their management of care. CONCLUSION By having a stronger understanding of the key causes of oral health issues among refugees and asylees in the United States, dental providers can better approach managing care for this vulnerable patient population. The concepts of teaching desensitization and fear reduction utilized for this special population can be applied to managing care for the wider special needs patient community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srighana Nadella
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abdalla Asi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Olivia Sheridan
- Clinical Restorative Dentistry, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark Wolff
- Morton Amsterdam Dean, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Neeraj Panchal
- Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Farias ZBBMD, Campello CP, da Silveira MMF, Moraes SLD, do Egito Vasconcelos BC, Pellizzer EP. The influence of anxiety on pain perception and its repercussion on endodontic treatment: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5709-5718. [PMID: 37526740 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of dental anxiety on the perception of pain before and during endodontic treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The PRISMA checklist was followed. A search was conducted in Scopus, Medline/PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. Based on PECOS criteria, the first outcome was a possible association between pre-operative pain and anxiety. The second outcome was a possible association between intraoperative pain and anxiety. The type of studies was observational. The JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to evaluate the methodological quality of articles. The certainty of the evidence was analyzed using the GRADE approach. RESULTS Four articles were included with a total of 471 patients. Two studies found a positive association between pain and pre-endodontic treatment anxiety. Three studies investigated the relationship between anxiety and intraoperative pain; two identified an extremely significant positive association. One article noted that anxiety influences pain expectancy. The studies were of good quality as assessed by the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for cross-sectional studies. However, the certainty of the evidence was considered low and very low. CONCLUSIONS Dental anxiety can be directly associated with pre- and intraoperative pain during endodontic procedures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE It is necessary to identify patients with dental anxiety to employ therapies to bring their anxiety under control, avoiding the increase of endodontic infections, and the postponement and evasion of endodontic treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zilda Betânia Barbosa Medeiros de Farias
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Rua Arnóbio Marquês, 310 - Santo Amaro, Recife, PE, 50100-130, Brazil
| | - Camilla Porto Campello
- Department of Hebiatrics, Determinants of Health in Adolescence, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Márcia Maria Fonseca da Silveira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Rua Arnóbio Marquês, 310 - Santo Amaro, Recife, PE, 50100-130, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Eduardo Piza Pellizzer
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dental School of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University (UNESP), José Bonifacio street 1193, Araçatuba, São Paulo, 1605000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Väyrynen E, Hakola S, Keski-Salmi A, Jämsä H, Vainionpää R, Karki S. The Use of Patient-Oriented Mobile Phone Apps in Oral Health: Scoping Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2023; 11:e46143. [PMID: 37672331 PMCID: PMC10512118 DOI: 10.2196/46143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health is a significant part of general health. Poor oral health can influence an individual's appearance, self-esteem, eating, and speaking. The use of mobile phone apps has been growing in the field of medicine, including dentistry. However, to date, there is no evidence related to the availability of mobile apps focusing on various branches of dentistry. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature on the use of patient-oriented mobile phone apps in oral health and summarize the key findings. METHODS A scoping review of published scientific literature on the use of patient-oriented mobile phone apps in oral health was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute. A search was performed in PubMed and Scopus for studies published between January 2000 and June 2021 that were written in English. All study types except for those reporting developmental protocols were included in this review. In total, 2 reviewers independently screened the studies using the eligibility criteria. The study protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework registries in June 2021. RESULTS The initial search yielded a total of 977 studies, 45 (4.6%) of which met the inclusion criteria. All the studies (45/45, 100%) were published after 2009. Most studies (31/45, 69%) concerned oral health promotion using mobile phone apps, followed by behavior management (5/45, 11%). More than half (23/45, 51%) of the included studies were conducted in Asian countries. Overall, 31% (14/45) of the studies focused on adolescents. A total of 51% (23/45) of the studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Approximately 39% (9/23) of the included RCT studies reported a substantial reduction in dental plaque, and 26% (6/23) of the studies reported significant improvement in gingival health. Regarding dental anxiety management, 13% (3/23) of the RCT studies reported a significant decrease in mean heart rate and lower Facial Image Scale scores. CONCLUSIONS According to the literature, the use of mobile apps in oral health is increasing among patients, mainly children and adolescents. Many studies that have used mobile apps have focused on promoting oral health. However, other areas such as diagnostic and remote consultations (teledentistry) have until recently been neglected despite their great potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Väyrynen
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Hakola
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anniina Keski-Salmi
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannaleena Jämsä
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Vainionpää
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Saujanya Karki
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gurharikar AS, Nagpal D, Yadav PS, Chaudhari P, Hotwani K, Lamba G. Effect of Acupressure on Pain during Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Injection in Children Aged 5-10 Years Old - An Experimental Study. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2023; 16:127-132. [PMID: 37609767 DOI: 10.51507/j.jams.2023.16.4.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acupressure, which is related to acupuncture, is a noninvasive therapy suitable for use in children. However, data examining acupressure's effects on the pain of local anesthetic injection in children are sparse. Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate acupressure's effects on the pain of local anesthetic injection in children. Methods This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical study included 37 5- to 10-year-olds who had an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for a mandibular extraction and were randomized to one of two groups: acupressure (study group) or non-acupressure (control group). The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBFPS) and the Sound, Eye, Motor (SEM) scale were utilized for subjective and objective pain assessment during injection. Results The objective and subjective assessment of pain during injection significantly differed between the groups, with the acupressure group displaying lower scores. Conclusion Acupressure at the extra one point (EX-HN1) reduced pain during IANB injection in 5- to 10-year-olds and can be used as an adjunct to conventional measures like topical anesthesia to reduce pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Shashikant Gurharikar
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, VSPM'S Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Devendra Nagpal
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, VSPM'S Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prabhat Singh Yadav
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, VSPM'S Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purva Chaudhari
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, VSPM'S Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kavita Hotwani
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, VSPM'S Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gagandeep Lamba
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, VSPM'S Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Padmanabhan V, Islam MS, Habib M, Abdulaziz Z, Goud M, Chaitanya NCSK, Haridas S, Rahman MM. Association between Salivary Cortisol Levels, Dental Anxiety, and Dental Caries in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:205. [PMID: 37754325 PMCID: PMC10528522 DOI: 10.3390/dj11090205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dental caries, dental anxiety, and salivary cortisol levels in children visiting pediatric dental clinics and their implications on pediatric oral health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at a dental university in the UAE. A total of 60 children, aged 4-12 years, were included. Salivary cortisol levels were measured using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Dental caries status was evaluated, and dental anxiety levels were assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). Statistical analyses, including Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's correlation coefficient, were performed to determine significant differences and associations. RESULTS The study group showed significantly higher salivary cortisol levels compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). A strong positive correlation was found between salivary cortisol levels and dental caries status (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference in dental anxiety levels was observed between the study and control groups (p = 0.85). A strong positive correlation was found between dental anxiety levels and dental caries status (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The findings indicate a significant association between salivary cortisol levels and dental caries, suggesting that higher cortisol levels are associated with active caries. Dental anxiety levels were positively correlated with dental caries. Understanding the relationship between these variables can contribute to better oral health strategies and interventions for children, emphasizing the importance of managing dental anxiety and stress in pediatric dental care. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the potential of salivary cortisol as a biomarker for assessing stress and its impact on oral health in children. By addressing dental anxiety and stress, dental professionals can provide child-friendly dental care, enhance preventive measures, and improve oral health outcomes in pediatric patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Padmanabhan
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.I.)
| | - Md Sofiqul Islam
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.I.)
| | - Muneera Habib
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.I.)
| | - Zainab Abdulaziz
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.I.)
| | - Manjunatha Goud
- RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates (S.H.)
| | - Nallan CSK Chaitanya
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.I.)
| | - Sheela Haridas
- RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates (S.H.)
| | - Muhammed Mustahsen Rahman
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Al Juwais, Al Qusaidat, Ras al Khaimah 11172, United Arab Emirates; (M.S.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Szabó RM, Buzás N, Braunitzer G, Shedlin MG, Antal MÁ. Factors Influencing Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty as Perceived by Dentists and Their Patients. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:203. [PMID: 37754323 PMCID: PMC10529870 DOI: 10.3390/dj11090203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the key aspects of patients' dental care experience that influenced their self-perceived satisfaction and loyalty. Also examined was the agreement between patients and dentists regarding these factors. METHODS Questionnaires were administered to 1121 patients and 77 dentists, focusing on demographic information and 15 selected items related to the patients' last dental visit. Descriptive and linear regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS The study included participants from 41 practices. Factors significantly influencing satisfaction and loyalty included location convenience, treatment quality, trust in dentists' decisions, visit frequency satisfaction, clear treatment explanations, dentist's interest in symptoms, patient-dental personnel attachment, and dentist's knowledge of the patient and their medical records. While overall agreement between patients and dentists was high, some areas exhibited notable disagreement. CONCLUSIONS The findings mostly align with existing literature, underscoring the importance of communication, trust, and a personal patient-dentist relationship in promoting satisfaction and loyalty. However, they also show that local, generally not reported factors might be at play, which necessitates dentists' awareness and consideration of the local context for optimal outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Réka Magdolna Szabó
- Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.M.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Norbert Buzás
- Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.M.S.); (N.B.)
| | | | | | - Mark Ádám Antal
- Department of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abdrabuh RE, Meligy OAESE, Felemban OM, Farsi NMA. Evaluation of the Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser and the Conventional Method on Pain Perception and Anxiety Level in Children during Caries Removal: A Randomized Split-mouth Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:S39-S44. [PMID: 37663205 PMCID: PMC10474393 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim and objective To assess and compare children's anxiety level and pain perception during cavity preparation using an erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser vs traditional rotational treatment. Materials and methods A randomized, controlled, split-mouth clinical trial was carried out in 35 healthy children with 70 carious primary molars. Teeth were divided equally into two groups according to the method of treatment. A bur was used to prepare the cavity in one quadrant, while an Er:YAG laser was used to prepare the cavity in the other quadrant. Anxiety was assessed using Venham's dental anxiety scale and a fingertip pulse oximeter. The pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker Face Pain Rating Scale, and the number of local anesthesia (LA) needed during both procedures was also considered. Results The mean age was 9.4 ± 1.29. Males accounted for 51.4% of the participants. There were no statistically significant variations in pulse rate at the baseline between Er:YAG laser and the conventional treatments. The mean pulse rate was higher during the conventional intervention than during the laser intervention; this difference was statistically significant vs the baseline pulse rate. The mean pulse rate with the conventional method was significantly higher during and after cavity formation than with the laser method. The Er:YAG laser and the conventional groups showed statistically significant differences in the Venham's and Wong-Baker scores. The scores of both scales were much higher in the conventional group. The number of participants who requested LA during the conventional technique was significantly higher than during the laser procedure. Conclusion Using Er:YAG lasers to remove caries produces minimal pain and anxiety and reduces the requirement for LA. Clinical significance During cavity preparation, the Er:YAG laser helps children stay calm. How to cite this article Abdrabuh RE, El Meligy OAES, Felemban OM, et al. Evaluation of the Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser and the Conventional Method on Pain Perception and Anxiety Level in Children during Caries Removal: A Randomized Split-mouth Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S39-S44.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghdah E Abdrabuh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Abd El Sadek El Meligy
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Osama M Felemban
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat MA Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Patel N, B Urolagin S, Haq MA, Patel C, Bhatt R, Girdhar G, Sinha S, Haque M, Kumar S. Anesthetic Effect of 2% Amitriptyline Versus 2% Lidocaine: A Comparative Evaluation. Cureus 2023; 15:e43405. [PMID: 37581201 PMCID: PMC10423460 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction A common dental problem is the fear of pain during needle prick for giving local anesthesia (LA). The needle prick pain during dental procedures often varies with sex and age. Perception of pain depends on various factors, which can be psychological and biological. This perception of pain may change the behavior of patients toward dental treatments. Traditionally, lidocaine gel formulation was utilized before the parenteral dosage form. The lidocaine gel formulation is considered the drug of choice for LA in dental surgery. Currently, amitriptyline has been utilized in dental practice because of its beneficial pharmacology. Hence, the present study has been undertaken to compare the anesthetic ability of amitriptyline as an intraoral topical anesthetic agent with lidocaine gel. Methods This study was a comparative clinical study between two medications' anesthetic properties. This study included 120 patients indicated for bilateral orthodontics (the subdivision of dentistry that emphasizes identifying necessary interventions for the malocclusion of teeth) procedures. All the subjects were divided into amitriptyline and lidocaine groups. Both anesthetic gels were applied at separate sites before the injection of LA. The time of the onset of anesthesia was noted and analyzed. Patients were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Individuals aged 18 to 30 years who were systemically healthy and orthodontically indicated for bilateral premolar extraction were included in this study. Again, patients with a history of neurological disorders and allergies to amitriptyline and lidocaine were excluded from the current study. Results Significant differences emerged between groups at five and 10 minutes, with amitriptyline-induced partial numbness (36.7% and 6.7%). At 40 and 45 minutes, both groups showed varied partial and complete numbness, with amitriptyline leading to partial recovery (23.3% and 73.3% complete numbness, 23.3% partial recovery) and lidocaine resulting in partial recovery (81.7%). When comparing the visual analog scale (VAS) scores, both groups exhibited a similar simultaneous effect at 15 minutes. Nonetheless, amitriptyline displayed significantly lower scores at 25 and 35 minutes (p < 0.001) in comparison to lidocaine. Similar observations were made when controlling for pain intensity. Conclusion It was concluded that amitriptyline holds both anesthetic and analgesic properties. Nevertheless, this study was unable to generalize the study findings because of the small sample size and being a single-center study. However, the VAS scores of anesthetic and analgesic pharmacodynamics properties of amitriptyline were statistically significantly lower than lidocaine, particularly at 25 and 35 minutes. Additionally, amitriptyline-induced anesthetic and analgesic pharmacology, especially pharmacokinetics properties, depends on the location and pattern of pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Patel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Goenka Research Institute of Dental Science, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Sarvesh B Urolagin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Subbaiah Institute of Dental Sciences, Shimoga, IND
| | - Md Ahsanul Haq
- Department of Biostatistics, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, BGD
| | - Chhaya Patel
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Rohan Bhatt
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Gaurav Girdhar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Khulna City Medical College and Hospital, Khulna, BGD
| | - Mainul Haque
- Karnavati Scientific Research Center, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ying J, Tao H, He Q, Zhang Z, Hu W, Chen S, Guan Y. Children's Dental Fear: Occurrence Mechanism and Prevention Guidance. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:2013-2021. [PMID: 37484820 PMCID: PMC10362871 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s412412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Children's dental fear (CDF) has become one of the main reasons affecting the quality of dental treatment. In order to reduce the incidence of CDF in China before and after children's dental visits, this review applies literature analysis and empirical summary methods to analyze and summarize academic discussions on this topic, including occurrence mechanism, prevention guidance, and the conclusion that the occurrence and prevention of CDF is closely related with children's internal characteristics and external influences. In the end, we propose a breakthrough of combining the CFSS-DS scale and three-grade prevention theory together in the future to provide new ideas and hypotheses for the prevention of CDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Ying
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanbo Tao
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan He
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiruo Zhang
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Hu
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuting Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Guan
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shehani A F, Ponraj S, Ramar K, A VS, S R, J G. Non-pharmacological Behavior Management Techniques in Pediatric Dentistry: A Bibliometric Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e41329. [PMID: 37539414 PMCID: PMC10396316 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging trend, non-pharmacological behavior management has gained immense research interest. By utilizing a bibliometric approach, this investigation aims to review the state of the non-pharmacological behavior management techniques research in pediatric dentistry. A Scopus search was done on non-pharmacological behavior management in pediatric dentistry, including literature from 1900 to 2022, using "Cited Reference Search" on 4/2/2022. After being screened, the articles were ranked according to the number of citations they had, and the publication year, authorship, contributing institutions, countries, article topic, study design, H index, and keywords were extracted. Out of the 1431 articles found during the literature search, the top 50 cited articles were used for analysis. The citation counts of the 50 selected articles varied from 163 to one, and their highest publications were in the years 2017 and 2019 (n = 7). Most studies were published in the United Kingdom (n = 10). The studies done in Australia and USA have the highest mean citation with the most significant contributions from the Department of Dental Medicine, Children's Hospital, Regional Medical Center, USA. The systematic review was the most frequent study design (n = 19). Among 110 unique keywords, dental anxiety (n = 11) was the most frequently used. This bibliometric analysis offers valuable details on the top 50 publications cited between 2006 and 2022. Although these methods have been employed for many years, only recently have they been the subject of significant scientific publications. It is hoped that this study will enable aspiring and seasoned researchers to envision and create potential future scenarios for interdisciplinary research collaborations on the use of non-pharmacological behavior management techniques in pediatric dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Shehani A
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, IND
| | - Sujitha Ponraj
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, IND
| | - Kavitha Ramar
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, IND
| | - Victor Samuel A
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajakumar S
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, IND
| | - Gayathri J
- Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dahlan M, Alsaywed R, Alamoudi R, Batarfi AA, Basodan OY, Gazzaz Y, Alqarni YA, Alamoudi A. Assessment of Different Distraction Behavioral Methods in Pediatric Dental Clinic: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e42366. [PMID: 37621781 PMCID: PMC10445507 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental anxiety is one of the main problems dentists may face during the treatment of pediatric dental patients; therefore, clinicians tend to perform different behavior management techniques to reduce dental anxiety in children. This review aimed to systematically compare and evaluate the published literature regarding the effects of distraction techniques on anxiety, pain perception, and patient experience during dental practice. A detailed electronic search was conducted on 3 databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. The databases were searched for articles published in the English language between 2015 and 2022. Among 102 studies, 27 studies fulfilled the criteria of eligibility and were included in this study to be analyzed. Numerous approaches have been proposed for the reduction of dental anxiety, out of which the use of audio-visual aids and instruments, active distraction such as tablets, smartphones, and virtual reality glasses showed governance in decreasing the children's anxiety followed by cognitive and behavioral methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Dahlan
- Pediatric Dentistry, North Jeddah Speciality Dental Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Rafal Alsaywed
- General Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Amal A Batarfi
- General Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Yara Gazzaz
- General Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhou X, Zhong Y, Pan Z, Zhang J, Pan J. Physiology of pregnancy and oral local anesthesia considerations. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15585. [PMID: 37404472 PMCID: PMC10315135 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Safe and effective local anesthesia is a prerequisite for emergency oral surgeries and most dental treatments. Pregnancy is characterized by complex physiological changes, and increased sensitivity to pain. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to oral diseases, such as caries, gingivitis, pyogenic granuloma and third molar pericoronitis. Maternally administered drugs can affect the fetus through the placenta. Therefore, many physicians and patients are reluctant to provide or accept necessary local anesthesia, which leads to delays in the condition and adverse consequences. This review is intended to comprehensively discuss the instructions for local anesthesia in the oral treatment of pregnant patients. Methodology An in-depth search on Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed to review articles concerned with maternal and fetal physiology, local anesthetic pharmacology, and their applications for oral treatment. Results Standard oral local anesthesia is safe throughout the pregnancy. At present, 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine is considered to be the anesthetic agent that best balances safety and efficacy for pregnant women. Maternal and fetal considerations must be taken into account to accommodate the physiological and pharmacological changes in the gestation period. Semi-supine position, blood pressure monitoring, and reassurance are suggested for high-risk mothers to reduce the risk of transient changes in blood pressure, hypoxemia, and hypoglycemia. For patients with underlying diseases, such as eclampsia, hypertension, hypotension, and gestational diabetes, the physicians should use epinephrine cautiously and control the dose of anesthetic. New local anesthesia formulations and equipment, which contribute to minimizing injection pain and relieving the anxiety, have and are being developed but remain understudied. Conclusions Understanding the physiological and pharmacological changes during pregnancy is essential to ensure the safety and efficiency of local anesthesia. Optimal outcomes for the mother and fetus hinge on a robust understanding of the physiologic alterations and the appropriate selection of anesthetic drugs and approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunyu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zijian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu Advanced Medical Science Center, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu Advanced Medical Science Center, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Perez A, Gernandt S, Scolozzi P. The Use of Equimolar Mixtures of Nitrous Oxide and Oxygen in Oral Surgery-A Retrospective Study of Patients in a Swiss University Hospital Setting. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4117. [PMID: 37373810 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to evaluate the success of procedural conscious sedation using inhaled equimolar nitrous oxide-oxygen (NOIS-EMONO) in patients undergoing routine dental and oral surgery procedures in a Swiss university hospital setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients that underwent NOIS-supported procedures between 2018 and 2022 at the oral surgery department of the University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Switzerland. The primary outcome was the measurement of the procedure's success and efficacy as defined by the European Society of Anesthesiology. Secondary objectives included the analysis of the types of treatments performed, their indications, patient behavior, and the patient-clinician satisfaction score. RESULTS 55 patients were included in the study; 85% underwent surgical procedures, and the remaining 15% underwent restorative and preventive procedures. The overall treatment success rate was 98.2% and 97.9% for surgically treated patients. Out of the patients, 62% appeared relaxed, calm, and serene, while 16% expressed pain or fear during the procedure. Infiltrative administration of local anesthesia caused stress in 22% of patients. This portion was significantly lower in sub-cohorts who received local topical anesthetics (0%) or a combination of systemic and local topical analgesics (7%). Patients (75%) and clinicians (91%) were satisfied with the procedure. CONCLUSION Inhaled equimolar nitrous oxide-oxygen procedural sedation used during dental procedures and oral surgery results in high treatment success and satisfaction rates. The administration of additional topical anesthetics helps to reduce the anxiety and stress related to infiltrative anesthesia. Further dedicated studies and prospective trials are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Perez
- Unit of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Steven Gernandt
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Scolozzi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Alansaari ABO, Tawfik A, Jaber MA, Khamis AH, Elameen EM. Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Correlates of Dental Anxiety among a Group of Adult Patients Attending Dental Outpatient Clinics: A Study from UAE. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6118. [PMID: 37372705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this paper were twofold: first, to evaluate dental anxiety levels among patients undergoing oral surgery procedures; second, to assess how dental anxiety and fear are connected to age, gender, educational background, past traumatic experiences, and the frequency of dental appointments. METHODS A cross-sectional Likert-scale questionnaire survey was conducted to collect quantitative data from 206 patients at the Oral Surgery Clinics at Dubai Dental Clinics, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested using Cronbach's alpha. The normality of the MDAS score was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The chi square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine the association between categorical variables. Descriptive statistics were used to describe continuous and categorical variables. The statistical significance was set at p-value ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The evaluation of the degree of dental anxiety among patients who visited the Dubai Dental clinics revealed that there was a considerably high level of moderate or high anxiety (72.3%). Tooth extraction and dental surgery procedures (95%), followed by local anesthetic injection in the gingiva (85%) and teeth drilling (70%), were the primary causes of anxiety, whereas scaling and polishing resulted in the lowest degree of anxiety (35%). There was no substantial difference in dental anxiety between male and female patients or among patients with different marital statuses. A total of 70% of patients preferred the tell-show-do method, whereas 65% chose communication strategies to reduce dental anxiety. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of the degree of dental anxiety among patients who visited Dubai Dental clinics revealed that there was a considerably high level of anxiety. Tooth extraction and dental surgery procedures, followed by local anesthetic injection and teeth drilling, were the primary causes of anxiety, whereas scaling and polishing resulted in the lowest degree of anxiety. Despite the use of a modified anxiety scale and a large and representative sample of oral surgery patients, more research is necessary to investigate the impact of various factors on dental anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Al Batool Omer Alansaari
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, MBRU, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelrahman Tawfik
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, MBRU, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed A Jaber
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amar Hassan Khamis
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, MBRU, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Essra Mohamed Elameen
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Graziani F, Tinto M, Orsolini C, Izzetti R, Tomasi C. Complications and treatment errors in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2023; 92:21-61. [PMID: 36591941 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nonsurgical periodontal therapy can be subject to iatrogenesis, which includes all the complications directly or indirectly related to a treatment. These complications include both operator-dependent harms and errors and the consequences and adverse effects of the therapeutic procedures. The complications arising following nonsurgical periodontal treatment can be categorized as intraoperative and postoperative and can affect both soft and hard tissues at an intra-oral and extraoral level. Soft-tissues damage or damage to teeth and restorations can occur while performing the procedure. In the majority of cases, the risk of bleeding associated with nonsurgical therapy is reported to be low and easily controlled by means of local hemostatic measures, even in medicated subjects. Cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema is not a frequent extraoral intraoperative complication, occurring during the use of air polishing. Moreover, side effects such as pain, fever, and dentine hypersensitivity are frequently reported as a consequence of nonsurgical periodontal therapy and can have a major impact on a patient's perception of the treatment provided. The level of intraoperative pain could be influenced by the types of instruments employed, the characteristics of tips, and the individual level of tolerance of the patient. Unexpected damage to teeth or restorations can also occur as a consequence of procedural errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Graziani
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Sub-Unit of Periodontology, Halitosis and Periodontal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuel Tinto
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Sub-Unit of Periodontology, Halitosis and Periodontal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Orsolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Sub-Unit of Periodontology, Halitosis and Periodontal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Izzetti
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Sub-Unit of Periodontology, Halitosis and Periodontal Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristiano Tomasi
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tiwari T, Randall CL, Rai N, Carey C, Shaffer JR, Finlayson TL, Kaste LM, Laniado N, Singer R. Acculturation and Dental Care-Related Anxiety: An Exploratory Assessment from the Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos. J Immigr Minor Health 2023; 25:616-623. [PMID: 36303084 PMCID: PMC10409522 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-022-01414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the associations between acculturation, dental anxiety, and dental utilization among Hispanics/Latinos living in the US. A proxy measure of dental anxiety was available for 7539 adults who had not visited a dentist within the last year. All completed the Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics (SASH). Bivariate logistic regression and adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted. Approximately 22% of the sample was dentally anxious. Dental anxiety was significantly associated with SASH language scale score (OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.02, 1.18, p = 0.04), years in US (OR 1.53, 95%CI 1.23, 1.91, p < 0.0001), and preferred Spanish language (OR 1.30, 95%CI 1.05, 1.63, p = 0.0192); lower acculturation corresponded to higher dental anxiety. Adjusting for sex, age, education, income, insurance, and oral health status, level of acculturation was associated with dental anxiety (AOR 0.87, 95%CI 0.75, 0.91, p = 0.009), but neither were associated with utilization. Acculturation may be an important predictor of dental anxiety for Hispanics/Latinos living in the US.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Tiwari
- Department of Community Dentistry and Population Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13056 E 7th Ave., Mail Stop F843, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - C L Randall
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 357475, Seattle, WA, 98195-7475, USA.
| | - N Rai
- Department of Community Dentistry and Population Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13056 E 7th Ave., Mail Stop F843, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - C Carey
- Department of Community Dentistry and Population Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13056 E 7th Ave., Mail Stop F843, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - J R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - T L Finlayson
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - L M Kaste
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - N Laniado
- Department of Dentistry, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - R Singer
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chiang YC, Wu F, Ko SH. Effective Patient-Dentist Communication with a Simulation System for Orthodontics. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101433. [PMID: 37239718 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic treatment is a common dental treatment. A complete treatment often takes several years and is costly. In order to increase the degree of satisfaction and reduce the gap between the expectations of the patient and the limitations of orthodontics, orthodontists and patients should have sufficient communication. A simulation system can provide a good channel for communication between orthodontists and patients. This paper proposes a 3D dentist-patient communication system for the simulation of orthodontics in advance. The system collects the clinical paradigms of orthodontic cases, which must contain photos from before, during, and after maxillofacial treatment. This research simulates treatment processes by tuning a 3D virtual model of the oral and maxillofacial areas, including the face, mouth, and teeth, to demonstrate the processes of clinical paradigms. These 3D models could be edited and synthesized to generate new 3D models for simulation with the 3DS Max tool. In addition, the proposed system provides a function for the orthodontist to manually operate the 3D virtual model, such as tooth arrangement, morphing of the gums with movement of the teeth, the placement (attachment) of arch-wires and brackets, and changes of facial appearance. The orthodontist can demonstrate the treatment processes, show movements of the teeth, and answer possible questions from the patient about the treatment processes by using the 3D model. To show the effectiveness of the proposed system, a questionnaire about the system was also used to demonstrate its acceptance, usability, and validity. Qualitative interviews with dentists and questionnaires for patients about the system are both performed. The results showed that the proposed system is an effective vehicle for communication between patients and orthodontists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Information Management, National Chung-Cheng University, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
- Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427213, Taiwan
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Healthcare Management of Information System, National Chung-Cheng University, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Ko
- Institute of Healthcare Management of Information System, National Chung-Cheng University, Chiayi 621301, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gbadebo SO, Oke GA, Dosumu OO. A study protocol for a single-centred randomized trial to investigate the effect of pre-treatment communication methods on dental anxiety among adult dental patients. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231171995. [PMID: 37181275 PMCID: PMC10170596 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231171995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Optimal oral health is an essential component of good quality of life. However, this may be hindered by dental anxiety (DA), thereby, affecting the utilization of dental services. DA could be alleviated by pre-treatment information; however, the method of delivering this information is yet to be explored. It is, therefore, necessary to assess the modes of presenting pre-treatment information to ascertain the one with significant effect on DA. This will improve treatment outcomes and quality of life for individuals. Hence, the primary objective is to assess the effect of audiovisual and written forms of pre-treatment information on DA, while the secondary objective will compare the subjective and objective methods of assessing DA with psychometric anxiety scale (Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF)-4C+) and salivary alpha-amylase respectively. Study design Single-centred, single-blind, parallel-group, four-arm randomized clinical trial. Methods The study will compare the effects of audiovisual and written forms of pre-treatment information on DA among adults. Patients 18 years and above scheduled for dental treatment will be screened for eligibility. Written informed consent will be sought before participation. Participants will be allocated randomly using block randomization, to the groups; G1: audiovisual and G2: a written form of pre-treatment information. At the visit, participants will complete the DA questionnaires (IDAF-4C+, Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and Visual Analogue Scale). Physiological anxiety-related changes of salivary alpha-amylase will be measured using a point-of-care kit (iPro oral fluid collector) at baseline, and 10 min after intervention. Furthermore, blood pressure will be taken at baseline and 20 min into the treatment. The mean changes of physiologic anxiety levels and 95% confidence intervals will be compared between the methods of pre-treatment information. Discussion This study hopes to establish pre-treatment information as a method for reducing DA among the populace. Also, to assess the relationship between questionnaire-based and physiologic methods of assessing DA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakeerah Olaide Gbadebo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Gbemisola Aderemi Oke
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Oluwole Oyekunle Dosumu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang L, Jing Q, Pei L, Li M, Ruan X, Chen S, Zhang Y, Wan K, Huang Y. Efficacy of continuous intravenous remimazolam versus midazolam in the extraction of impacted wisdom teeth: protocol of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067908. [PMID: 37185197 PMCID: PMC10151835 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Benzodiazepines such as midazolam are widely used to moderately sedate patients during impacted wisdom tooth extraction to reduce anxiety in outpatient surgery. This present protocol was designed to determine whether continuous intravenous remimazolam, a new ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine, produces superior postoperative recovery quality to that of midazolam in patients undergoing extraction of impacted wisdom teeth. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is a multicentre randomised controlled trial conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing Anzhen Hospital and Beijing Shijitan Hospital in China. Approximately 150 participants undergoing extraction of impacted mandibular wisdom teeth will be randomly allocated to two groups (remimazolam and midazolam). The participants will be administered standard interventions to ensure they achieve a sedation level of III on the Ramsay sedation scale during the treatment. Preoperative and anaesthesia management and surgical techniques will be standardised for all participants. The primary outcome is recovery time for complete alertness and the secondary outcomes are anterograde amnesia during and after surgery, and interruption during operation for poor compliance or safety concerns. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (approval number: ZS-3142), Beijing Anzhen Hospital (approval number: KS2022082) and Beijing Shijitan Hospital (approval number: 2023-4). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05350085.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lejunzi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hosptial, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Jing
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijian Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hosptial, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hosptial, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hosptial, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohui Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hosptial, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuelun Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo Wan
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hosptial, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Alkanan SAM, Alhaweri HS, Khalifa GA, Ata SMS. Dental pain perception and emotional changes: on the relationship between dental anxiety and olfaction. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:175. [PMID: 36966288 PMCID: PMC10040111 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to determine to what extent olfactory aromatherapy reduces the intensity of dental pain and the level of dental anxiety. It also attempted to corelate between olfactory aromatherapy, stages of dental visits, and various dental procedures. METHODS Female patients were enrolled in a randomized controlled study. Olfactory aromatherapy was performed using lavender oils. Patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the lavender group, in which patients inhaled 2% lavender vapors, and the control group, in which patients inhaled water vapors. Pain score, anxiety score, and changes in vital signs were among the predictable variables. Anxiety and pain were assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and visual analog scales (VAS). The vital signs were systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and oxygen saturation (Spo2). Variables were evaluated before inhalations, 20 min after inhalations, at the end of settings, and on the following day. RESULTS Each group had 175 participants. Pain and anxiety scores were significantly reduced, and all vital signs improved, except for DBP. The MDAS, STAI, and pain scores are reduced by 3.4, 4.2, and 2.4 times, respectively, compared to the control group. Olfactory aromatherapy had the greatest impact during the phase of waiting rooms. CONCLUSION When compared to the control group, olfactory aromatherapy reduces anxiety scores three to four times more. Pain perception is reduced by twice as much as in the control group. It also significantly reduces the anxiety associated with minor to moderately stressful dental procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadeel Saleh Alhaweri
- Resident Dentist, Aljreir Alshamaly Primary Health Care Center, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Amin Khalifa
- Professor of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shaimaa Mohamed Saeed Ata
- Lecturer of Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Effects of virtual reality exposure therapy on state-trait anxiety in individuals with dentophobia. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
|
49
|
Sun IG, Chai HH, Lo ECM, Chu CH, Duangthip D. Dental Fear and Anxiety of Chinese Preschool Children in a School-Based Outreach Service Using Silver Diamine Fluoride for Caries Control: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4467. [PMID: 36901476 PMCID: PMC10001995 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Limited data are available regarding the patient-based outcomes of SDF therapy in the kindergarten setting. This study aims to evaluate the dental fear and anxiety (DFA) of preschool children after participating in a school-based outreach service using SDF to arrest early childhood caries (ECC). The study recruited 3- to 5-year-old children with untreated ECC. A trained dentist performed a dental examination and applied SDF therapy to the carious lesions. ECC experience was measured using the dmft index. Questionnaires for parents were used to collect the children's demographic information and their dental treatment experiences. The children's DFA before and immediately after SDF therapy was assessed using the self-reported Facial Image Scale (FIS) on a Likert scale of 1 (very happy) to 5 (very distressed). The association between the children's DFA after SDF therapy and the potentially related factors, including demographic background, caries experience, and DFA before SDF therapy, were analysed using bivariate analysis. Three hundred and forty children (187 boys, 55%) joined this study. Their mean (SD) age and dmft scores were 4.8 (0.9) and 4.6 (3.6), respectively. Most of them (269/340, 79%) never had a dental visit. After SDF therapy, 86% (294/340) of the children exhibited no or low DFA (FIS ≤ 3), whereas 14% (46/340) reported high DFA (FIS > 3). No factor was associated with children's DFA after SDF therapy (p > 0.05). This study showed most preschool children with ECC exhibited no or low DFA after SDF therapy in a school setting.
Collapse
|
50
|
Ribeiro CDPV, Alves JB, Kominami PA, Takeshita EM, Bezerra ACB, Massignan C. Does use of animal therapy during dental care help to reduce anxiety in children and adolescents? A systematic review. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:181-195. [PMID: 36208050 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is considered a useful technique to reduce anxiety in children and adolescents in medical settings. AIM To investigate whether the use of AAT helps to reduce anxiety during dental care in children and adolescents. DESIGN Systematic review that included randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials with children up to 18-years of age undergoing dental appointments. The databases Embase, Cochrane, Pubmed/Medline, LILACS, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched including gray literature. Random-effects meta-analyses using mean difference (MD) and narrative synthesis (vote counting) were implemented. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 for randomized clinical trials. The certainty of the evidence was performed using GRADE. RESULTS A total of 1103 references were identified, and after a two-phase selection, three studies were included. Anxiety, behavior, and pain were the outcomes. A meta-analysis with 146 participants was performed for anxiety at three time points: before treatment (MD -0.40, CI: -1.06 to 0.26; I2 = 0%; p = .24), during treatment (MD -3.64, CI: -11.18 to 3.91; I2 = 94%; p = .34), and after treatment (MD -5.97, CI: -17.08 to 5.14; I2 = 98% p = .29). There was no difference during dental treatment with or without ATT (dogs), as well as for narrative analysis for any outcome. The risk of bias was high mainly because of the randomization and outcome measurement. CONCLUSION There is no evidence to support or refute that the presence of AAT during dental care can help reduce anxiety in children (5-11 years). Studies with larger samples are suggested. Protocol registration (CRD42021293593).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carla Massignan
- Department of Dentistry, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|