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Aref M, El-Zahar H, Mandour AS, Abd-Elhafeez HH, Khormi MA, AbdRabou MA, Abdelbaset-Ismail A. Normal cardiac dimensions by magnetic resonance imaging and topographic anatomy of the adult arabian one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:237. [PMID: 38824556 PMCID: PMC11143585 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dromedaries' normal heart architecture and size have not been adequately examined utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and topographic anatomy. RESULT we aimed to investigate the regular appearance of the heart and its dimensions, using MRI and cross-sectional anatomy, in mature Arabian one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius). We also analyzed hematological and cardiac biochemical markers. MRI scans were conducted on twelve camel heart cadavers using a closed 1.5-Tesla magnet with fast spin echo (FSE) weighted sequences. Subsequently, the hearts were cross-sectionally sliced. Additionally, hematobiochemical studies were conducted on ten mature live camels. The study analyzed standard cardiac dimensions including HL, BW, RA, LA, RV, LV, IVS, LAD, RAD, RVD, AoD, TCVD, and MVD. The results showed a strong positive correlation between the cardiac dimensions obtained from both gross analysis and MR images, with no significant difference between them. On both gross and MRI images, the usual structures of the heart were identified and labeled. Along with the cardiac markers (creatine kinase and troponin), the average hematological values and standard biochemical parameters were also described. CONCLUSION According to what we know, this investigation demonstrates, for the first time the typical heart structures and dimensions of the heart in dromedaries, and it could serve as a basis for diagnosing cardiac disorders in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aref
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Heba El-Zahar
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Ash Sharqia, 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Mandour
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez
- Department of Cells and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Mohsen A Khormi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mervat A AbdRabou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdelbaset-Ismail
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Nomir A, Sharaby AE, Abumandour MMA. Anatomical studies on the PES region of Zebu cattle (Bos Taurus indicus) with special references to 3D computed tomography imaging technique. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:87. [PMID: 38459515 PMCID: PMC10921674 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The 3D render volume reconstruction CT (3D-RVCT) produced detailed images of the PES region, determining its relationships with the surrounding structures. Despite extensive research in veterinary studies on the PES through gross anatomy and CT, there is a lack of studies on the PES of zebu cattle. The study aimed to analyze the PES of Zebu cattle using gross cross-sectional, radiographic, CT, and morphometric methods, with the use of 3D-RVCT to provide anatomical guidance for surgeons and students. The study was performed on sixteen PES regions to provide hard and soft tissues in CT images. Three are five tarsal bones and two large fused (III and IV) metatarsal bones that were completely fused except for their distal extremities, which were divided distally by the intertrochlear notch. The cortical thickness of the metatarsal bone was equal on both sides. The bony septum divided the medullary cavity between the two fused large metatarsal bones in the proximal distal half only and disappeared in the middle part. The reconstruction showed similar sizes in the right and left limbs, confirming the pes bones. The radiographic and CT images could be used as a normal reference for the interpretation of some clinical diseases in the PES. The 3D CT reconstruction of the pes bones was described by various CT oblique dorsal and plantar views. The study focuses on diagnosing PES disorders using CT imaging, improving medical interventions, improving Zebu cattle health outcomes, and empowering students to contribute to veterinary medicine research and advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nomir
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ashraf El Sharaby
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M A Abumandour
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Post Box: 22758, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Al Mohamad Z, Hamed M, Abdellatif A, Eldoumani H, Elshafaey E, Abouelnasr K. Topographical anatomy of the mandibular foramen in the dromedary camels ( Camelus dromedarius): an extraoral approach for the inferior alveolar nerve blocks. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1303810. [PMID: 38125682 PMCID: PMC10730936 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1303810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the clinical anatomy of the head is essential for performing proper inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) block anesthesia to facilitate invasive dental procedures in camels. However, osteometric data related to the IAN in camels are lacking. This study was carried out to accurately locate the mandibular foramen (MF) and the course of the IAN in the camel head and to establish an approach for its localization in clinical practice. To achieve these aims, eight osteometric measurements were used to determine the location of the MF in relation to its surrounding structures in six cadaveric skulls of adult camels. Four camel heads were dissected, and the course of the IAN inside the mandibular canal was studied. In addition, four heads were used as a trial for the extraoral approach to the IAN block using contrast radiographs based on established metric indices. Dissection of the four camel heads revealed that the MF was located near the intersection of two lines passing through the occlusal surface of the mandibular cheek teeth and at the midpoint of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. Significant differences were not observed between the right and left mandibles. Successful deposition of the contrast medium near the MF was observed in all examined specimens. This study reports a new, simple approach to reaching the IAN at the MF. However, further clinical validation of the proposed technique is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakriya Al Mohamad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdellatif
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Haitham Eldoumani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Elshafaey
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Salam Veterinary Group, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Abouelnasr
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Akgun RO, Orhan IO, Ekim O, Bumin A. Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and gross anatomy of forelimb joints in New Zealand rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.). Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:762-769. [PMID: 37254602 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to define the anatomical structures by comparing the transversal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images of the forelimb joints of the rabbits with the cross-sectional plastinated images. A total of 14 (seven females, seven males) one-year-old adult New Zealand rabbits were used in the study. After the CT and MR imaging procedures were completed, the forelimbs were removed from the body. The forelimbs were plastinated using the silicone plastination method and sectioned transversal. Cross-sectional plastinates were evaluated and correlated anatomically with conjugate CT and MR images. Joint and surrounding anatomical structures were defined in sections. Cross-sectional plastinated samples were highly correlated with CT and MR images in terms of bone and soft tissue, respectively. It is thought that the anatomical and radiological data obtained from the forelimb joints of rabbits will provide a basis for scientists who are involved in both experimental surgical interventions and clinical anatomy education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remzi Orkun Akgun
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Ismail Onder Orhan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Okan Ekim
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Bumin
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Al-Sobayil F, Sadan MA, El-Shafaey EA, Allouch J. Intra-articular injection in the hind limb joints of dromedary camels ( Camelus dromedarius) using anatomical and arthrographic-guided landmarks. Vet World 2021; 14:2055-2063. [PMID: 34566321 PMCID: PMC8448646 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2055-2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: A healthy joint is an important structure for the proper movement of the camel limb. Intra-articular (IA) injection is frequently used in veterinary practice for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of joint injuries. Thus, the current study aimed to describe the injection of the hindlimb joints in dromedary camels based on the anatomical and arthrographic-guided landmarks. Materials and Methods: Eighteen orthopedically sound adult camels (mean±standard deviation age: 78±12 months) of both sexes were included in this study. Three camels were euthanized to identify anatomical features in the hindlimb joints and related structures. IA injections were performed in the hindlimbs of 5 camel cadavers to evaluate the optimal IA injection site, which was confirmed by arthrography. The optimized IA injection technique was applied in 10 live camels and confirmed by arthrocentesis and arthrography. For each joint, injection criteria (number of attempts, difficulty of injection, and successful injection) were assessed, scored, and statistically compared to the other joints. Results: The summation of IA injection criteria scores was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the femorotibial, femoropatellar, tibiotarsal, fetlock, pastern, and coffin joints in comparison to the hip joint. Conclusion: Anatomical and arthrographic-guided techniques offer considerable advantages for the characterization of anatomical landmarks and selection of the appropriate IA injection site in the hindlimb in dromedary camels. Furthermore, a reference approach for camels was established that is different from the approach for cattle and horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Al-Sobayil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madeh A Sadan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Elsayed A El-Shafaey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jamal Allouch
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Anatomy, AL-Baath University, Syria
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Abdel Maksoud MKM. Gross anatomical, computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging study of the metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal joint in Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 50:360-372. [PMID: 33274774 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to describe the normal gross anatomy, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joint in Egyptian buffalo, and to determine the site of intra-articular injection of this joint. This study was conducted on eighteen fresh cadaveric distal limbs of healthy Egyptian buffaloes. Six cadaveric MCP/MTP joints were freshly dissected for studying their normal morphological features and determination of the suitable site for intra-articular injection. Another twelve MCP/MTP joints were imaged using a 16-slice CT scanner and a 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner, injected with coloured latex and then sectioned into dorsal, sagittal and transverse slices. The articular surface, joint cavity, ligaments and surrounding tendons of the MCP/MTP joint were identified and briefly described. CT and MRI provided identification of the bony and soft tissue structures of the MCP/MTP joint with variable signal intensities. The present study provided a brief description of the normal gross anatomy of MCP/MTP joint in buffalo to serve as a reference for the evaluation of CT and MRI images, which in turn could enable the veterinary clinicians in interpretation of the clinical diseases in this joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed K M Abdel Maksoud
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Hamed M, El-Shafaey ES, Abo Elfadl E, Abdellatif A. Intra-articular injection techniques of the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) hindlimb digit using anatomical and contrast arthrography-guided landmarks. Acta Vet Hung 2020; 68:310-317. [PMID: 33128523 DOI: 10.1556/004.2020.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate and compare the optimal sites for intra-articular (IA) injection into the digits of buffalo by discrimination of the injection criteria. Forty-eight cadaveric hind digits of adult buffalos and nine live ones were assigned for three trial investigations. In the first division, eighteen sound cadaveric limbs were used to describe the anatomical features of the hind digit. In the second division, thirty cadaveric limbs (ten for each approach) were injected with an equal volume of iopamidol through relevant joint pouches to compare the dorsal, lateral and plantar IA approaches for each joint. The former technique was applied to nine live, healthy adult buffaloes to evaluate the accuracy of IA injection of the hind digit in vivo. Injection criteria were assessed, scored and statistically compared among the three approaches. The summation of injection criteria scores showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the dorsal and lateral approaches for IA injection of the fetlock, pastern and coffin joints in the buffalo digit compared to the plantar one. However, median and range of injection criteria scores between the dorsal and lateral approaches were slightly less significant. In conclusion, the present study established a reference for IA injection of the buffalo digit that could aid the diagnosis and treatment of digit-related lameness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamed
- 1Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan City, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed El-Shafaey
- 2Department of Surgery, Anaesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura City, Egypt
- 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah City, Qassim, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Abo Elfadl
- 4Department of Animal Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura-City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdellatif
- 5Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura-City, Egypt
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Abdel Maksoud MKM. Normal anatomic reference of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): A compared atlas of cross-sectional anatomy, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 49:290-298. [PMID: 31910304 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe normal magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic anatomy of pastern and coffin joints in Egyptian buffalo using cadaveric distal limbs. This study was achieved using twelve fresh cadaveric distal limbs from adult healthy buffaloes of both sexes. These cadaveric limbs were scanned using a 1 Tesla MRI scanner and CT scanner, injected with red latex, frozen at -20°C for 1 week, and then sectioned into sagittal, dorsal and transverse slices. The obtained MR and CT images were selected to be matched with their corresponding anatomical cross-sections for identification and evaluation of the clinically correlated anatomical structures of the pastern and coffin joints. The difference in signal intensities on CT and MRI scans amongst the tissues allowed clear differentiation of major bone and soft tissue structures of the pastern and coffin joints. CT provided a high spatial resolution of bone and soft tissue structures, however, MRI allowed a better and higher resolution and definition between soft tissues. The current study provided a normal CT and MRI anatomic reference which could help veterinary clinicians for interpretation and diagnosis of the clinically affected pastern and coffin joints in buffalo.
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Brimas G, Skaudzius R, Brimiene V, Vaitkus R, Kareiva A. Microstructural features of lyophilized adipose - A new concept to estimate the metabolic symptoms for obese patients. Med Hypotheses 2019; 136:109526. [PMID: 31855681 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of different morphological features in different layers of lyophilized adipose tissue. In this work the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted for investigation of lyophilized adipose tissue taken from obese patients. The adipose tissue was taken from subcutaneous (SAT), preperitoneal (PAT) and visceral (VAT) layers of adipose tissue. The obtained results of the main microstructural features provided information about morphological features of subcutaneous, preperitoneal and visceral layers in obese people. The obtained SEM results possibly could be used for the estimation of metabolic symptoms and prediction different diseases. The SEM method was never used before to investigate morphology of SAT, PAT and VAT layers of lyophilized human adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintautas Brimas
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Vilnius University, Siltnamiu 29, LT-04130 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramunas Skaudzius
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Brimiene
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Abdominal Surgery, Vilnius University, Santariskiu 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rimantas Vaitkus
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aivaras Kareiva
- Institute of Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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