1
|
Figueiredo I, Farinha C, Barreto P, Coimbra R, Pereira P, Marques JP, Pires I, Cachulo ML, Silva R. Nutritional Genomics: Implications for Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Nutrients 2024; 16:4124. [PMID: 39683519 DOI: 10.3390/nu16234124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2024] [Revised: 11/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in older individuals, driven by a multifactorial etiology involving genetic, environmental, and dietary factors. Nutritional genomics, which studies gene-nutrient interactions, has emerged as a promising field for AMD prevention and management. Genetic predispositions, such as variants in CFH, C3, C2/CFB, APOE, and oxidative stress pathways, significantly affect the risk and progression of AMD. Methods: This narrative review synthesizes findings from randomized controlled trials and recent advances in nutritional genomics research. It examines the interplay between genetic predispositions and dietary interventions, exploring how personalized nutritional strategies can optimize AMD management. Results and Discussion: The AREDS and AREDS2 trials demonstrated that supplements, including vitamins C, E, zinc, copper, lutein, and zeaxanthin, can reduce the progression to advanced AMD. Nutritional interventions tailored to genetic profiles show promise: CFH risk alleles may enhance zinc supplementation's anti-inflammatory effects, while APOE variants influence the response to omega-3 fatty acids. Adjusting carotenoid intake, such as lutein and zeaxanthin, based on genetic susceptibility exemplifies emerging precision nutritional approaches. Ongoing research seeks to integrate nutrigenomic testing into clinical settings, enabling clinicians to tailor interventions to individual genetic profiles. Conclusions: Further studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of personalized interventions, investigate additional genetic variants, and develop tools for clinical implementation of nutrigenomics. Advancing these strategies holds the potential to improve patient outcomes, optimize AMD management, and pave the way for precision nutrition in ophthalmology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Figueiredo
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Farinha
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barreto
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Coimbra
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pereira
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marques
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Luz Cachulo
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rufino Silva
- Ophthalmology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- AIBILI-Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine (iCBR-FMUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jang W, Choi J, Kim H. Associations of mediterranean diet score and age-related macular degeneration in Korean elderly. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2846. [PMID: 39415143 PMCID: PMC11481354 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported associations between individual nutrients or specific foods and the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the relationship between overall dietary quality, specifically the alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED) score, and AMD remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the aMED score, as an indicator of overall diet quality, and AMD in the Korean population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using nationally representative samples of older adults aged ≥ 65 years (895 men and 1,191 women) from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2017-2018). Food intake and the aMED score were estimated using 24-h recall. AMD was diagnosed by an ophthalmologist based on fundus photography. The associations of aMED score tertiles with AMD were determined using odds ratios (ORs) from multivariate logistic regressions. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly negative association between the aMED score and AMD (adjusted ORs = 0.58; 95% confidence interval = 0.39-0.88; p-trend = 0.021) in older men after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, body mass index, family monthly income, current smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, chronic disease status, and energy intake. Notably, this association was exclusively observed in men, and no significant association was observed between the aMED score and AMD in women (adjusted OR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.61-1.29; p-trend = 0.691). CONCLUSIONS This study's findings suggest that a high aMED score may be associated with a reduced risk of AMD in older men. Future studies with larger sample sizes and a prospective or interventional design are required to enhance current understanding regarding the association between diet quality and AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Better Living, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jungeun Choi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, The Graduate School of Clinical Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesook Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan-si, 54538, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Better Living, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bejarano E, Domenech-Bendaña A, Avila-Portillo N, Rowan S, Edirisinghe S, Taylor A. Glycative stress as a cause of macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 101:101260. [PMID: 38521386 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
People are living longer and rates of age-related diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are accelerating, placing enormous burdens on patients and health care systems. The quality of carbohydrate foods consumed by an individual impacts health. The glycemic index (GI) is a kinetic measure of the rate at which glucose arrives in the blood stream after consuming various carbohydrates. Consuming diets that favor slowly digested carbohydrates releases sugar into the bloodstream gradually after consuming a meal (low glycemic index). This is associated with reduced risk for major age-related diseases including AMD, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. In comparison, consuming the same amounts of different carbohydrates in higher GI diets, releases glucose into the blood rapidly, causing glycative stress as well as accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Such AGEs are cytotoxic by virtue of their forming abnormal proteins and protein aggregates, as well as inhibiting proteolytic and other protective pathways that might otherwise selectively recognize and remove toxic species. Using in vitro and animal models of glycative stress, we observed that consuming higher GI diets perturbs metabolism and the microbiome, resulting in a shift to more lipid-rich metabolomic profiles. Interactions between aging, diet, eye phenotypes and physiology were observed. A large body of laboratory animal and human clinical epidemiologic data indicates that consuming lower GI diets, or lower glycemia diets, is protective against features of early AMD (AMDf) in mice and AMD prevalence or AMD progression in humans. Drugs may be optimized to diminish the ravages of higher glycemic diets. Human trials are indicated to determine if AMD progression can be retarded using lower GI diets. Here we summarized the current knowledge regarding the pathological role of glycative stress in retinal dysfunction and how dietary strategies might diminish retinal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Bejarano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Domenech-Bendaña
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences and Veterinary School, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Sheldon Rowan
- JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, United States
| | - Sachini Edirisinghe
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, United States
| | - Allen Taylor
- Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Angelia M, Amelia YS, Pratama KG. Mediterranean diet as a modifiable risk factor for age-related macular degeneration: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Tzu Chi Med J 2024; 36:223-230. [PMID: 38645781 PMCID: PMC11025595 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_153_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic and degenerative disease of the retina that leads to irreversible blindness. There is no proven effective treatment for early AMD and advanced AMD. Mediterranean diet (MD) has been linked to reducing the risk or delaying the progression of AMD. Therefore, in this study, we aim to investigate the potential of MD as a modifiable risk factor for AMD. Materials and Methods A systematic search was performed in three databases: PubMed, EBSCO host, and Proquest. We search for studies that determine the association of MD in AMD. Then, we pooled the data for meta-analysis. Results Eight studies were included in our systematic review. Seven studies were included for meta-analysis. Subjects with medium-high (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-0.90) adherence to the MD showed a reduced risk of developing AMD. Moreover, medium adherence AMD shows a significant and inverse relationship with the progression to advanced AMD (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81-0.93). Although it is still inconsistent, the reduction appears stronger for geographic atrophy than for neovascular AMD. Conclusion Adhering to the MD, particularly at a medium to high level, appears to confer a protective effect against AMD. The sub-analysis demonstrates even that there is a protective effect associated with moderate adherence against advanced AMD. The presence of considerable heterogeneity within the results warrants cautious interpretation. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angelia
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya University Catholic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yufilia Suci Amelia
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya University Catholic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kevin Gracia Pratama
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya University Catholic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Clemente-Suárez VJ, Peris-Ramos HC, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Martín-Rodríguez A, David-Fernandez S, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Personalizing Nutrition Strategies: Bridging Research and Public Health. J Pers Med 2024; 14:305. [PMID: 38541047 PMCID: PMC10970995 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14030305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, although life expectancy has increased significantly, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to pose a significant threat to the health of the global population. Therefore, eating habits have been recognized as key modifiable factors that influence people's health and well-being. For this reason, it is interesting to study dietary patterns, since the human diet is a complex mixture of macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds, and can modulate multiple physiological processes, including immune function, the metabolism, and inflammation. To ensure that the data we acquired were current and relevant, we searched primary and secondary sources, including scientific journals, bibliographic indexes, and databases in the last 15 years with the most relevant articles. After this search, we observed that all the recent research on NCDs suggests that diet is a critical factor in shaping an individual's health outcomes. Thus, cardiovascular, metabolic, mental, dental, and visual health depends largely on the intake, habits and patterns, and nutritional behaviors. A diet high in processed and refined foods, added sugars, and saturated fats can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases. On the other hand, a diet rich in whole, nutrient-dense foods, such as vegetables, fruits, nuts, legumes, and a high adherence to Mediterranean diet can improve health's people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Helia Carmen Peris-Ramos
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Clinical Odontology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (H.C.P.-R.); (S.D.-F.)
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Susana David-Fernandez
- Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Clinical Odontology Department, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (H.C.P.-R.); (S.D.-F.)
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koçyiğit E, Gövez NE, Arslan S, Ağagündüz D. A narrative review on dietary components and patterns and age-related macular degeneration. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38221852 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent eye diseases among the ageing population worldwide. It is a leading cause of blindness in individuals over 55, particularly in industrialised Western countries. The prevalence of AMD increases with age, and genetic factors and environmental influences are believed to contribute to its development. Among the environmental factors, diet plays a significant role in AMD. This review explores the association between dietary components, dietary patterns and AMD. Various nutrients, non-nutrient substances and dietary models that have the potential to counteract oxidative stress and inflammation, which are underlying mechanisms of AMD, are discussed. Consuming fruits, vegetables, fish and seafood, whole grains, olive oil, nuts and low-glycaemic-index foods has been highlighted as beneficial for reducing the risk of AMD. Adhering to the Mediterranean diet, which encompasses these elements, can be recommended as a dietary pattern for AMD. Furthermore, the modulation of the gut microbiota through dietary interventions and probiotics has shown promise in managing AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Koçyiğit
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
| | - Nazlıcan Erdoğan Gövez
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sabriye Arslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Barreto P, Farinha C, Coimbra R, Cachulo ML, Melo JB, Lechanteur Y, Hoyng CB, Cunha-Vaz J, Silva R. Interaction between genetics and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet: the risk for age-related macular degeneration. Coimbra Eye Study Report 8. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 10:38. [PMID: 37580831 PMCID: PMC10424352 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-023-00355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multifactorial degenerative disease of the macula. Different factors, environmental, genetic and lifestyle, contribute to its onset and progression. However, how they interconnect to promote the disease, or its progression, is still unclear. With this work, we aim to assess the interaction of the genetic risk for AMD and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the Coimbra Eye Study. METHODS Enrolled subjects (n = 612) underwent ophthalmological exams and answered a food questionnaire. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed with mediSCORE. An overall value was calculated for each participant, ranging from 0 to 9, using the sum of 9 food groups, and a cut off value of ≥ 6 was considered high adherence. Rotterdam Classification was used for grading. Participants' genotyping was performed in collaboration with The European Eye Epidemiology Consortium. The genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated for each participant considering the number of alleles at each variant and their effect size. Interaction was assessed with additive and multiplicative models, adjusted for age, sex, physical exercise, and smoking. RESULTS The AMD risk was reduced by 60% in subjects with high adherence to the Mediterranean diet compared to subjects with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Combined effects of having low adherence to the Mediterranean diet and high GRS led to almost a 5-fold increase in the risk for AMD, compared to low GRS and high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The multiplicative scale suggested a multiplicative interaction, although not statistically significant [odds ratio (OR) = 1.111, 95% CI 0.346-3.569, P = 0.859]. The additive model showed a causal positive effect of the interaction of GRS and adherence to the Mediterranean diet: relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) = 150.9%, (95% CI: - 0.414 to 3.432, P = 0.062), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) = 0.326 (95% CI: - 0.074 to 0.726, P = 0.055) and synergy index (SI) = 1.713 (95% CI: 0.098-3.329, P = 0.019). High GRS people benefited from adhering to the Mediterranean diet with a 60% risk reduction. For low-GRS subjects, a risk reduction was also seen, but not significantly. CONCLUSIONS Genetics and Mediterranean diet interact to protect against AMD, proving there is an interplay between genetics and environmental factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION The AMD Incidence (NCT02748824) and Lifestyle and Food Habits Questionnaire in the Portuguese Population Aged 55 or More (NCT01715870) studies are registered at www. CLINICALTRIALS gov . Five-year Incidence of Age-related Macular Degeneration in the Central Region of Portugal (AMD IncidencePT); NCT02748824: date of registration: 22/04/16. Lifestyle and Food Habits Questionnaire in the Portuguese Population Aged 55 or More; NCT01715870: date of registration: 29/10/12.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Barreto
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Univ Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Farinha
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Coimbra
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Luz Cachulo
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Barbosa Melo
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
- Cytogenetics and Genomics Laboratory, Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Yara Lechanteur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - José Cunha-Vaz
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rufino Silva
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ Coimbra, Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu Y, Xie Y, Yuan Y, Xiong R, Hu Y, Ning K, Ha J, Wang W, Han X, He M. The Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Eye Diseases: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2043. [PMID: 37432187 PMCID: PMC10181476 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a healthy diet pattern that can prevent chronic age-related diseases, especially age-related eye diseases (AREDs) including cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and dry eye syndrome (DES). In this study, we systematically reviewed studies in the literature that had reported associations between adherence to the MD and the five above-mentioned AREDs. Randomized controlled trials as well as prospective and retrospective observational studies were included; 1164 studies were identified, of which 1, 2, 9, 2 and 4 studies met our eligibility criteria for cataract, glaucoma, AMD, DR, and DES, respectively. According to these studies, higher MD adherence was associated with reduced risks of incident DR, incident AMD and progression to late AMD, but whether early and neovascular AMD could be alleviated remained to be debated. The results regarding the effects of the MD on DES were mixed, with three studies reporting an associations between MD and decreased severity or incidence of DES, whereas one study reported the opposite. No significant associations were observed between the MD and cataract or glaucoma. Generally, convincing evidence suggested a protective effect of the MD against AMD and DR. However, the evidence for cataract, glaucoma, and DES was less conclusive, and high-quality studies are needed for comprehensive evaluations of the potential benefits of MD on these eye diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (R.X.); (M.H.)
| | - Ye Xie
- Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yixiong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (R.X.); (M.H.)
| | - Ruilin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (R.X.); (M.H.)
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Y.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Kang Ning
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jason Ha
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (R.X.); (M.H.)
| | - Xiaotong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (R.X.); (M.H.)
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (R.X.); (M.H.)
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yin C, Gan Q, Xu P, Yang T, Xu J, Cao W, Wang H, Pan H, Ren Z, Xiao H, Wang K, Xu Y, Zhang Q. Dietary Patterns and Associations with Myopia in Chinese Children. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081946. [PMID: 37111164 PMCID: PMC10142016 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary shifts in populations undergoing rapid economic transitions have been proposed as partly contributing toward the rapid intergenerational rise in myopia prevalence; however, empirical evidence of the effect of dietary factors on myopia is limited. This study investigated the association between dietary factors and incident myopia in Chinese children aged 10-11 years. We evaluated dietary habits using a 72-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) among 7423 children. Myopic status was assessed using the "General Personal Information Questionnaire". Principal component analysis was used to extract dietary patterns and investigate their association with myopia. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with the highest adherence to dietary pattern A (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-0.92, p for trend = 0.007) and dietary pattern C (95% CI: 0.58-0.80, p for trend < 0.001) had a lower risk of myopia than participants with the least adherence. Both of these dietary patterns are characterized by high consumption of meats, aquatic product, dairy and its products, eggs, legumes, vegetables, fruits, grains, and potatoes. Our findings suggest that other environmental factors, such as those related to the dietary environment, may contribute to the development of myopia. These findings can serve as a reference for diet-related primary prevention of myopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Yin
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qian Gan
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peipei Xu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Titi Yang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhibin Ren
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Blue Light Exposure: Ocular Hazards and Prevention-A Narrative Review. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:755-788. [PMID: 36808601 PMCID: PMC9938358 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to blue light has seriously increased in our environment since the arrival of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and, in recent years, the proliferation of digital devices rich in blue light. This raises some questions about its potential deleterious effects on eye health. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update on the ocular effects of blue light and to discuss the efficiency of methods of protection and prevention against potential blue light-induced ocular injury. METHODS The search of relevant English articles was conducted in PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases until December 2022. RESULTS Blue light exposure provokes photochemical reactions in most eye tissues, in particular the cornea, the lens, and the retina. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that certain exposures to blue light (depending on the wavelength or intensity) can cause temporary or permanent damage to some structures of the eye, especially the retina. However, currently, there is no evidence that screen use and LEDs in normal use are deleterious to the human retina. Regarding protection, there is currently no evidence of a beneficial effect of blue blocking lenses for the prevention of eye diseases, in particular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In humans, macular pigments (composed of lutein and zeaxanthin) represent a natural protection by filtering blue light, and can be increased through increased intake from foods or food supplements. These nutrients are associated with lower risk for AMD and cataract. Antioxidants such as vitamins C, E, or zinc might also contribute to the prevention of photochemical ocular damage by preventing oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Currently, there is no evidence that LEDs in normal use at domestic intensity levels or in screen devices are retinotoxic to the human eye. However, the potential toxicity of long-term cumulative exposure and the dose-response effect are currently unknown.
Collapse
|
11
|
Farinha C, Barreto P, Coimbra R, Cachulo ML, Melo JB, Cunha-Vaz J, Lechanteur Y, Hoyng CB, Silva R. Common and rare genetic risk variants in age-related macular degeneration and genetic risk score in the Coimbra eye study. Acta Ophthalmol 2023; 101:185-199. [PMID: 36036675 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the contribution of common and rare genetic variants in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a Portuguese population from the Coimbra Eye Study (CES), and the genetic risk score (GRS). METHODS Participants underwent ophthalmologic examination and imaging. A centralized reading centre performed AMD staging. Genetic sequencing was carried out with the EYE-RISK assay. Sixty-nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped and tested for association with AMD. Case-control and progression-to-AMD analyses were performed using logistic regression to assess allelic odds ratio (OR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI) for each variant. GRS was calculated for cases/controls and progressors/non-progressors. Cumulative impact of rare variants was compared between cases/controls using logistic regression. RESULTS In case-control analysis (237 cases/640 controls) variants associated with risk of disease were: ARMS2 rs10490924, ARMS2_HTRA1 rs3750846, CFH rs35292876, SLC16A8 rs8135665, TGFBR1 rs1626340. Major risk variants ARMS2/HTRA1 rs3750846, CFH rs570618 and C3 rs2230199 had unexpected lower allele frequency (AF), and the highest risk-conferring variant was a rare variant, CFH rs35292876 (OR, 2.668; p-value = 0.021). In progression-to-AMD analysis (137 progressors/630 non-progressors), variants associated with risk of progression were ARMS2 rs10490924, ARMS2_HTRA1 rs3750846, CFH rs35292876. GRS of cases/controls was 1.124 ± 1.187 and 0.645 ± 1.124 (p-value < 0.001), and of progressors/non-progressors was 1.190 ± 1.178 and 0.669 ± 1.141 (p-value < 0.001). Higher proportion of pathogenic rare CFH variants was observed in cases (OR, 9.661; p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both common and rare variants were associated with AMD, but a CFH rare variant conferred the highest risk of disease while three major risk variants had a lower-than-expected AF in our population originary from a geographic region with lower prevalence of AMD. GRS was still significantly higher in AMD patients. Damaging CFH rare variants were cumulatively more common in AMD cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Farinha
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, (iCBR- FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patricia Barreto
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Coimbra
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Luz Cachulo
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Barbosa Melo
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Cunha-Vaz
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, (iCBR- FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Yara Lechanteur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegan, Netherlands
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegan, Netherlands
| | - Rufino Silva
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, (iCBR- FMUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gastaldello A, Giampieri F, Quiles JL, Navarro-Hortal MD, Aparicio S, García Villena E, Tutusaus Pifarre K, De Giuseppe R, Grosso G, Cianciosi D, Forbes-Hernández TY, Nabavi SM, Battino M. Adherence to the Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern and Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102028. [PMID: 35631175 PMCID: PMC9144566 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a serious degenerative disease affecting the eyes, and is the main cause of severe vision loss among people >55 years of age in developed countries. Its onset and progression have been associated with several genetic and lifestyle factors, with diet appearing to play a pivotal role in the latter. In particular, dietary eating patterns rich in plant foods have been shown to lower the risk of developing the disease, and to decrease the odds of progressing to more advanced stages in individuals already burdened with early AMD. We systematically reviewed the literature to analyse the relationship between the adherence to a Mediterranean diet, a mainly plant-based dietary pattern, and the onset/progression of AMD. Eight human observational studies were analysed. Despite some differences, they consistently indicate that higher adherence to a Mediterranean eating pattern lowers the odds of developing AMD and decreases the risk of progression to more advanced stages of the disease, establishing the way for preventative measures emphasizing dietary patterns rich in plant-foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Gastaldello
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (M.B.)
| | - José L. Quiles
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (M.D.N.-H.); (T.Y.F.-H.)
| | - María D. Navarro-Hortal
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (M.D.N.-H.); (T.Y.F.-H.)
| | - Silvia Aparicio
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
- Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza Bairro Kaluanda, Cuito EN 250, Bié, Angola
| | - Eduardo García Villena
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
- Department de Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Campeche, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
- Department de Salud, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Campeche, Campeche 24560, Mexico
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (M.D.N.-H.); (T.Y.F.-H.)
| | - Seyed M. Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran;
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.Q.); (S.A.); (E.G.V.); (K.T.P.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Conti F, Lazzara F, Romano GL, Platania CBM, Drago F, Bucolo C. Caffeine Protects Against Retinal Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:824885. [PMID: 35069225 PMCID: PMC8773454 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.824885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, one of the most consumed central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, is an antagonist of A1 and A2A adenosine receptors. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects of this methylxanthine in the retinal tissue. We tested caffeine by using in vitro and in vivo paradigms of retinal inflammation. Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with or without caffeine. This latter was able to reduce the inflammatory response in ARPE-19 cells exposed to LPS, attenuating the release of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the nuclear translocation of p-NFκB. Additionally, caffeine treatment restored the integrity of the ARPE-19 monolayer assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the sodium fluorescein permeability test. Finally, the ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury model was used in C57BL/6J mice to induce retinal inflammation and investigate the effects of caffeine treatment. Mouse eyes were treated topically with caffeine, and a pattern electroretinogram (PERG) was used to assess the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function; furthermore, we evaluated the levels of IL-6 and BDNF in the retina. Retinal BDNF dropped significantly (p < 0.05) in the I/R group compared to the control group (normal mice); on the contrary, caffeine treatment maintained physiological levels of BDNF in the retina of I/R eyes. Caffeine was also able to reduce IL-6 mRNA levels in the retina of I/R eyes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that caffeine is a good candidate to counteract inflammation in retinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Conti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Lazzara
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Romano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Bianca Maria Platania
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yeung SSY, Kwan M, Woo J. Healthy Diet for Healthy Aging. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124310. [PMID: 34959862 PMCID: PMC8707325 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extending healthspan is a major public health challenge. Diet is one of the modifiable factors for preventing age-related diseases and preserving overall good health status during aging. Optimizing individuals’ intrinsic capacity, including domains in cognition, psychological, sensory function, vitality, and locomotion, has been proposed as a model of healthy aging by the World Health Organization. To better understand the relationships between a healthy diet and healthy aging, this review summarizes the recent epidemiologic and clinical data for dietary patterns that have been shown to play a role in (domains of) healthy aging. Regardless of priori or posteriori dietary patterns, it appears that dietary patterns centered on plant-based foods have a beneficial role in (domains of) healthy aging. Our review identified a knowledge gap in dietary patterns and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. More epidemiological studies should consider intrinsic capacity as an outcome measure to further our understanding of a healthy diet and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. When a sufficient number of epidemiological studies is available, evidence can be synthesized and clinical trials can be designed to evaluate a healthy diet as a strategy for healthy aging to further our progress in translating evidence to practice and promoting healthy aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suey S. Y. Yeung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Michelle Kwan
- Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Centre for Nutritional Studies, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3505-3493
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Exploring Consensus on Preventive Measures and Identification of Patients at Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using the Delphi Process. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225432. [PMID: 34830713 PMCID: PMC8623425 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Early identification of AMD can lead to prompt and more effective treatment, better outcomes, and better final visual acuity; several risk scores have been devised to determine the individual level of risk for developing AMD. Herein, the Delphi method was used to provide recommendations for daily practice regarding preventive measures and follow-up required for subjects at low, moderate, and high risk of AMD evaluated with the Simplified Test AMD Risk-assessment Scale (STARS®) questionnaire. Methods: A steering committee of three experts drafted and refined 25 statements on the approach to be recommended in different clinical situations [general recommendations (n = 2), use of evaluation tools (n = 4), general lifestyle advice (n = 3), and AREDS-based nutritional supplementation (n = 5)] with the help of a group of international experts, all co-authors of this paper. Thirty retinal specialists from Europe and the US were chosen based on relevant publications, clinical expertise, and experience in AMD, who then provided their level of agreement with the statements. Statements for which consensus was not reached were modified and voted upon again. Results: In the first round of voting, consensus was reached for 24 statements. After modification, consensus was then reached for the remaining statement. Conclusion: An interprofessional guideline to support preventive measures in patients at risk of AMD based on STARS® scoring has been developed to aid clinicians in daily practice, which will help to optimize preventive care of patients at risk of AMD.
Collapse
|
16
|
Valero-Vello M, Peris-Martínez C, García-Medina JJ, Sanz-González SM, Ramírez AI, Fernández-Albarral JA, Galarreta-Mira D, Zanón-Moreno V, Casaroli-Marano RP, Pinazo-Duran MD. Searching for the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Neuroprotective Potential of Natural Food and Nutritional Supplements for Ocular Health in the Mediterranean Population. Foods 2021; 10:1231. [PMID: 34071459 PMCID: PMC8229954 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherence to a healthy diet offers a valuable intervention to compete against the increasing cases of ocular diseases worldwide, such as dry eye disorders, myopia progression, cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, or age macular degeneration. Certain amounts of micronutrients must be daily provided for proper functioning of the visual system, such as vitamins, carotenoids, trace metals and omega-3 fatty acids. Among natural foods, the following have to be considered for boosting eye/vision health: fish, meat, eggs, nuts, legumes, citrus fruits, nuts, leafy green vegetables, orange-colored fruits/vegetables, olives-olive oil, and dairy products. Nutritional supplements have received much attention as potential tools for managing chronic-degenerative ocular diseases. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, hand-searched publications and historical archives were performed by the professionals involved in this study, to include peer-reviewed articles in which natural food, nutrient content, and its potential relationship with ocular health. Five ophthalmologists and two researchers collected the characteristics, quality and suitability of the above studies. Finally, 177 publications from 1983 to 2021 were enclosed, mainly related to natural food, Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and nutraceutic supplementation. For the first time, original studies with broccoli and tigernut (chufa de Valencia) regarding the ocular surface dysfunction, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma were enclosed. These can add value to the diet, counteract nutritional defects, and help in the early stages, as well as in the course of ophthalmic pathologies. The main purpose of this review, enclosed in the Special Issue "Health Benefits and Nutritional Quality of Fruits, Nuts and Vegetables," is to identify directions for further research on the role of diet and nutrition in the eyes and vision, and the potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of natural food (broccoli, saffron, tigernuts and walnuts), the Mediterranean Diet, and nutraceutic supplements that may supply a promising and highly affordable scenario for patients at risk of vision loss. This review work was designed and carried out by a multidisciplinary group involved in ophthalmology and ophthalmic research and especially in nutritional ophthalmology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mar Valero-Vello
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía” Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (M.V.-V.); (J.J.G.-M.); (S.M.S.-G.); (M.D.P.-D.)
| | - Cristina Peris-Martínez
- Ophthalmic Medical Center (FOM), Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia (FISABIO), 46015 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, University of Valencia, 46019 Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
| | - José J. García-Medina
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía” Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (M.V.-V.); (J.J.G.-M.); (S.M.S.-G.); (M.D.P.-D.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, General University Hospital “Morales Meseguer”, 30007 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia M. Sanz-González
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía” Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (M.V.-V.); (J.J.G.-M.); (S.M.S.-G.); (M.D.P.-D.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmobiology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana I. Ramírez
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorrinolaringology, Institute of Ophthalmic Research “Ramón Castroviejo”, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José A. Fernández-Albarral
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and Otorrinolaringology, Institute of Ophthalmic Research “Ramón Castroviejo”, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Galarreta-Mira
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Department of Ophthalmology. University Clinic Hospital of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Vicente Zanón-Moreno
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía” Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (M.V.-V.); (J.J.G.-M.); (S.M.S.-G.); (M.D.P.-D.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of Valencia, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ricardo P. Casaroli-Marano
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Departament of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Clinic Hospital of Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María D. Pinazo-Duran
- Ophthalmic Research Unit “Santiago Grisolía” Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain; (M.V.-V.); (J.J.G.-M.); (S.M.S.-G.); (M.D.P.-D.)
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Research “OFTARED” RD16/0008/0022, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.I.R.); (D.G.-M.); (R.P.C.-M.)
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmobiology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Blasiak J, Pawlowska E, Sobczuk A, Szczepanska J, Kaarniranta K. The Aging Stress Response and Its Implication for AMD Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228840. [PMID: 33266495 PMCID: PMC7700335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging induces several stress response pathways to counterbalance detrimental changes associated with this process. These pathways include nutrient signaling, proteostasis, mitochondrial quality control and DNA damage response. At the cellular level, these pathways are controlled by evolutionarily conserved signaling molecules, such as 5’AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and sirtuins, including SIRT1. Peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, playing an important role in antioxidant defense and mitochondrial biogenesis, may interact with these molecules influencing lifespan and general fitness. Perturbation in the aging stress response may lead to aging-related disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the main reason for vision loss in the elderly. This is supported by studies showing an important role of disturbances in mitochondrial metabolism, DDR and autophagy in AMD pathogenesis. In addition, disturbed expression of PGC-1α was shown to associate with AMD. Therefore, the aging stress response may be critical for AMD pathogenesis, and further studies are needed to precisely determine mechanisms underlying its role in AMD. These studies can include research on retinal cells produced from pluripotent stem cells obtained from AMD donors with the mutations, either native or engineered, in the critical genes for the aging stress response, including AMPK, IGF1, MTOR, SIRT1 and PPARGC1A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426354334
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Sobczuk
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Szczepanska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jabbehdari S, Handa JT. Oxidative stress as a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of early age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 66:423-440. [PMID: 32961209 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among older adults in developed countries, is a chronic, multifactorial, and progressive disease with the development of painless, central vision loss. Retinal pigment epithelial cell dysfunction is a core change in age-related macular degeneration that results from aging and the accumulated effects of genetic and environmental factors that, in part, is both caused by and leads to oxidative stress. In this review, we describe the role of oxidative stress, the cytoprotective oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of oxidative stress on critical cellular processes involved in age-related macular degeneration pathobiology. We also offer targeted therapy that may define how antioxidant therapy can either prevent or improve specific stages of age-related macular degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James T Handa
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dietary Patterns, Carbohydrates, and Age-Related Eye Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092862. [PMID: 32962100 PMCID: PMC7551870 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over a third of older adults in the U.S. experience significant vision loss, which decreases independence and is a biomarker of decreased health span. As the global aging population is expanding, it is imperative to uncover strategies to increase health span and reduce the economic burden of this age-related disease. While there are some treatments available for age-related vision loss, such as surgical removal of cataracts, many causes of vision loss, such as dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), remain poorly understood and no treatments are currently available. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand the factors that contribute to disease progression for age-related vision loss and to uncover methods for disease prevention. One such factor is the effect of diet on ocular diseases. There are many reviews regarding micronutrients and their effect on eye health. Here, we discuss the impact of dietary patterns on the incidence and progression of age-related eye diseases, namely AMD, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Then, we focus on the specific role of dietary carbohydrates, first by outlining the physiological effects of carbohydrates on the body and then how these changes translate into eye and age-related ocular diseases. Finally, we discuss future directions of nutrition research as it relates to aging and vision loss, with a discussion of caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, drug interventions, and emerging randomized clinical trials. This is a rich field with the capacity to improve life quality for millions of people so they may live with clear vision for longer and avoid the high cost of vision-saving surgeries.
Collapse
|
20
|
Merle BMJ, Rosner B, Seddon JM. Genetic Susceptibility, Diet Quality, and Two-Step Progression in Drusen Size. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:17. [PMID: 32407518 PMCID: PMC7405620 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.5.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the relationship of growth in drusen size with genetic susceptibility and adherence to the alternate Mediterranean diet. Methods Participants in this analysis had complete ocular, genetic, and dietary data with mean follow-up time of 10.2 years in the Age-Related Eye Disease database. Maximal drusen size was graded on an ordinal scale and two-step progression was determined. A genetic risk score using variants associated with advanced AMD and derived from a stepwise regression model yielded 11 variants in 8 genes. Adherence to the alternate Mediterranean diet was assessed using a nine-component score based on intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole cereals, fish, meat, nuts, alcohol, and monounsaturated-to-saturated fatty acids ratio. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used. Results Among 3023 eligible eyes, 19% had drusen growth. In the stepwise selection, common and rare risk alleles for CFH Y402H, CFH rs1410996, CFH R1210C, C3 R102G, C3 K155Q, and ARMS2/HTRA1, as well as VEGF-A, TIMP3, NPLOC4, and HSPH1 variants were significantly associated with 2-step progression in drusen size, and the C2 E318D protective allele conferred decreased risk, adjusting for other covariates. A higher genetic risk score conferred a higher risk (hazard ratio per 1-unit increase, 2.68; 95% confidence interval, 2.23-3.23; P < 0.001), and a medium/high adherence to alternate Mediterranean diet score (4-9) tended to lower risk (hazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.99; P = 0.049), adjusting for all covariates. Conclusions Genetic susceptibility was independently related to drusen growth. A Mediterranean-style diet with healthful nutrient-rich foods (fruits, vegetables, legumes and fish), may reduce enlargement of drusen, the hallmark of AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte M. J. Merle
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team LEHA, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Johanna M. Seddon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Farinha C, Cachulo ML, Coimbra R, Alves D, Nunes S, Pires I, Marques JP, Costa J, Martins A, Sobral I, Barreto P, Laíns I, Figueira J, Ribeiro L, Cunha-Vaz J, Silva R. Age-Related Macular Degeneration Staging by Color Fundus Photography vs. Multimodal Imaging-Epidemiological Implications ( The Coimbra Eye Study-Report 6). J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051329. [PMID: 32370299 PMCID: PMC7291224 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is based on staging systems relying on color fundus photography (CFP). We aim to compare AMD staging using CFP to multimodal imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT), infra-red (IR), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), in a large cohort from the Epidemiologic AMD Coimbra Eye Study. All imaging exams from the participants of this population-based study were classified by a central reading center. CFP images were graded according to the International Classification and Grading System for AMD and staged with Rotterdam classification. Afterward, CFP images were reviewed with OCT, IR, and FAF and stage update was performed if necessary. Early and late AMD prevalence was compared in a total of 1616 included subjects. In CFP-based grading, the prevalence was 14.11% for early AMD (n = 228) and 1.05% (n = 17) for late AMD, nine cases (0.56%) had neovascular AMD (nAMD) and eight (0.50%) geographic atrophy (GA). Using multimodal grading, the prevalence increased to 14.60% for early AMD (n = 236) and 1.61% (n = 26) for late AMD, with 14 cases (0.87%) of nAMD and 12 (0.74%) of GA. AMD staging was more accurate with the multimodal approach and this was especially relevant for late AMD. We propose that multimodal imaging should be adopted in the future to better estimate and compare epidemiological data in different populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Farinha
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Luz Cachulo
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita Coimbra
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
| | - Dalila Alves
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
| | - Sandrina Nunes
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
| | - Isabel Pires
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marques
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Costa
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amélia Martins
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
| | - Isa Sobral
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barreto
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
| | - Inês Laíns
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - João Figueira
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luisa Ribeiro
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Cunha-Vaz
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rufino Silva
- AIBILI—Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.L.C.); (R.C.); (D.A.); (S.N.); (I.P.); (J.P.M.); (J.C.); (A.M.); (I.S.); (P.B.); (J.F.); (L.R.); (J.C.-V.); (R.S.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine—University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (iCBR- FMUC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Leisser C, Stimpfl T, Ruiss M, Pilwachs C, Hienert J, Fisus A, Burgmüller W, Findl O, Kronschläger M. Caffeine Uptake into the Vitreous after Peroral Coffee Consumption. Ophthalmic Res 2020; 63:533-540. [PMID: 32146476 DOI: 10.1159/000507026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Caffeine and its metabolites have antioxidant activity, scavenging reactive oxygen species. The aim of our study was to measure caffeine concentrations in vitreous samples after peroral caffeine intake. METHODS This prospective study included patients scheduled for 23-G pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling due to epiretinal membranes. The study was performed in two parts: in the first part, patients were recruited into three different groups: group A consisted of habitual coffee drinkers who agreed to drink coffee containing 180 mg caffeine 1 h before surgery (n = 10), group B consisted of habitual coffee drinkers who were not offered coffee before surgery (n = 5), and group C consisted of non-habitual coffee drinkers, forming the control group (n = 5). In the second part (group D) patients (habitual coffee drinkers) agreed to give additional blood serum samples for measurement of caffeine concentration. Harvested samples of vitreous (groups A-D), epiretinal membranes (groups A-C), and blood serum samples (group D) were examined for concentrations of caffeine with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Samples of 40 eyes of 40 patients were harvested. The concentrations of caffeine in the vitreous samples were 1,998 ± 967 ng/mL in group A and 1,108 ± 874 ng/mL in group B. In group C, caffeine concentrations were below 176 ng/mL in all vitreous samples. Both groups A and B had significantly higher concentrations of caffeine in the vitreous samples than group C (p < 0.002, p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test). Caffeine concentrations in epiretinal membranes were below the limits of detection. Correlation of caffeine concentrations between blood serum samples and vitreous samples in group D was high, with significantly higher caffeine concentrations in the blood serum. CONCLUSION Coffee consumption leads to significant caffeine levels in the vitreous compared to patients in the control group, and caffeine concentrations in the vitreous showed a high correlation to blood serum concentrations of caffeine after peroral coffee consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Leisser
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Stimpfl
- Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Ruiss
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Pilwachs
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julius Hienert
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreea Fisus
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilhelm Burgmüller
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Findl
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria,
| | - Martin Kronschläger
- Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Subhi Y, Krogh Nielsen M, Molbech CR, Oishi A, Singh A, Nissen MH, Sørensen TL. Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Associate With Diminished Regulatory T Cells That Are Polarized Into a T Helper 2-Like Phenotype. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:2583-2590. [PMID: 31219532 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate possible roles of T helper (Th) cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and the recently mapped Th-like Tregs in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Methods In this prospective case-control study, we obtained fresh venous blood from patients with PCV (n = 24), age-matched healthy controls (n = 32), and patients with neovascular AMD (n = 45). All participants underwent a comprehensive ocular examination including fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography for where retinal disease was suspected. Using flow cytometry, we identified Th subsets, Tregs, and Th-like Tregs. Plasma samples were stored at -80°C to investigate plasma cytokines of interest. Results Compared to healthy controls, patients with PCV had lower percentages of Tregs (8.7% ± 2.8% vs. 7.3% ± 1.7%, P = 0.027), which were significantly more Th2-like polarized (42.6% ± 13.3% vs. 50.5% ± 13.0%, P = 0.029). These changes differed from that observed in neovascular AMD, which compared to healthy controls had fewer Th1/Th17 cells (3.6% ± 2.7% vs. 2.4% ± 2.5%, P = 0.049), comparable Treg levels, and no distinct polarization of Th-like Tregs. Because of these findings, we measured plasma IL-4 and IL-33 levels. Plasma IL-33 in patients with PCV (median 0.30 pg/mL) was twice as high compared to healthy controls (median 0.16 pg/mL; P = 0.037). Conclusions PCV associate with diminished Tregs that are polarized more into a Th2-like phenotype. This is correlated to IL-33 levels, which we also find increased in patients with PCV. Our findings suggest a possible role for Th2-like Tregs and IL-33 in PCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousif Subhi
- Clinical Eye Research Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Krogh Nielsen
- Clinical Eye Research Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher Rue Molbech
- Clinical Eye Research Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Akio Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Amardeep Singh
- Clinical Eye Research Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital Malmö-Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mogens Holst Nissen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Eye Research Unit, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Lykke Sørensen
- Clinical Eye Research Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Impact of visual impairment on physical activity in early and late age-related macular degeneration. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222045. [PMID: 31634374 PMCID: PMC6802830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modifiable risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) include smoking, nutrition and likely physical activity (PA). Levels of PA, however, are impacted by any visual impairment which makes the assessment of any association with AMD difficult. PURPOSE To assess the impact of visual impairment under both high and low luminance conditions on levels of PA in early and late AMD. METHODS Ninety participants with early to late AMD underwent a clinical assessment including conventional best-corrected visual acuity, low luminance visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and the Moorfields acuity test. PA was recorded using a wrist-worn accelerometer (GENEActiv, Activeinsights) on seven consecutive days. Patient characteristics were compared with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and determinants of moderate-to-vigorous-PA (MVPA) were assessed using linear regression models. RESULTS Mean age was 73.9 ± 8.5 years (range 50-89) and 47 subjects (52.2%) were women. Average MVPA time was longer in the early (355.1 ± 252.0 minutes/week) compared to the late AMD group (162.2 ± 134.6 minutes/week; p<0.001). Using linear regression, age [β = -0.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): -12.9; -0.8, p = 0.028] and AMD stage (β = -0.28; 95% CI: -230.9, -25.0; p = 0.015) but not visual impairment on any of the employed tests were associated with MVPA (minutes/week). CONCLUSIONS We found late AMD to be associated with reduced PA. As performance on any of the visual tests was not associated with PA, this association cannot entirely be explained by functional impairment. More research is needed to further explore the association of PA and AMD as PA may be a potentially modifiable risk factor.
Collapse
|
25
|
Rozanowska M, Edge R, Land EJ, Navaratnam S, Sarna T, Truscott TG. Scavenging of Retinoid Cation Radicals by Urate, Trolox, and α-, β-, γ-, and δ-Tocopherols. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112799. [PMID: 31181693 PMCID: PMC6600601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoids are present in human tissues exposed to light and under increased risk of oxidative stress, such as the retina and skin. Retinoid cation radicals can be formed as a result of the interaction between retinoids and other radicals or photoexcitation with light. It has been shown that such semi-oxidized retinoids can oxidize certain amino acids and proteins, and that α-tocopherol can scavenge the cation radicals of retinol and retinoic acid. The aim of this study was to determine (i) whether β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols can also scavenge these radicals, and (ii) whether tocopherols can scavenge the cation radicals of another form of vitamin A—retinal. The retinoid cation radicals were generated by the pulse radiolysis of benzene or aqueous solution in the presence of a selected retinoid under oxidizing conditions, and the kinetics of retinoid cation radical decays were measured in the absence and presence of different tocopherols, Trolox or urate. The bimolecular rate constants are the highest for the scavenging of cation radicals of retinal, (7 to 8) × 109 M−1·s−1, followed by retinoic acid, (0.03 to 5.6) × 109 M−1·s−1, and retinol, (0.08 to 1.6) × 108 M−1·s−1. Delta-tocopherol is the least effective scavenger of semi-oxidized retinol and retinoic acid. The hydrophilic analogue of α-tocopherol, Trolox, is substantially less efficient at scavenging retinoid cation radicals than α-tocopherol and urate, but it is more efficient at scavenging the cation radicals of retinoic acid and retinol than δ-tocopherol. The scavenging rate constants indicate that tocopherols can effectively compete with amino acids and proteins for retinoid cation radicals, thereby protecting these important biomolecules from oxidation. Our results provide another mechanism by which tocopherols can diminish the oxidative damage to the skin and retina and thereby protect from skin photosensitivity and the development and/or progression of changes in blinding retinal diseases such as Stargardt’s disease and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Rozanowska
- Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Wales CF10 3AX, UK.
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales CF24 4HQ, UK.
| | - Ruth Edge
- Dalton Cumbrian Facility, The University of Manchester, Westlakes Science Park, Moor Row, Cumbria CA24 3HA, UK.
| | - Edward J Land
- Free Radical Research Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington WA4 4AD, UK.
| | - Suppiah Navaratnam
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK.
| | - Tadeusz Sarna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - T George Truscott
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Lennard-Jones Building, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Farinha CVL, Cachulo ML, Alves D, Pires I, Marques JP, Barreto P, Nunes S, Costa J, Martins A, Sobral I, Laíns I, Figueira J, Ribeiro L, Cunha-Vaz J, Silva R. Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Central Region of Portugal: The Coimbra Eye Study - Report 5. Ophthalmic Res 2019; 61:226-235. [PMID: 30820012 DOI: 10.1159/000496393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the 6.5-year incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a coastal town of central Portugal. METHODS Population-based cohort study. Participants underwent standardized interviews and ophthalmological examination. Color fundus photographs were graded according to the International Classification and Grading System for AMD and ARM. The crude and age-standardized incidence of early and late AMD was calculated, and progression was analyzed. RESULTS The 6.5-year cumulative incidence of early AMD was 10.7%, and of late AMD it was 0.8%. The incidence of early AMD was 7.2, 13.1 and 17.7% for participants aged 55-64, 65-74 and 75-84 years (p < 0.001). The late AMD incidence was 0.3, 0.9 and 2.8% for the corresponding age groups (p = 0.003). The age-standardized incidence was 10.8% (95% CI, 10.74-10.80%) for early and 1.0% (95% CI, 1.00-1.02%) for late AMD. The incidence of both neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy was 0.4%. Progression occurred in 17.2% of patients. CONCLUSION The early AMD incidence in a coastal town of central Portugal was found to be similar to that of major epidemiological studies of European-descent populations; however, the incidence of late AMD was lower, and further analysis on risk factors will be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Virgínia Louro Farinha
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal, .,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal, .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal,
| | - Maria Luz Cachulo
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dalila Alves
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marques
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barreto
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandrina Nunes
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Costa
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amélia Martins
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isa Sobral
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Laíns
- Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - João Figueira
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa Ribeiro
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Cunha-Vaz
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rufino Silva
- AIBILI - Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image, Coimbra, Portugal.,Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (iCBR-FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bellezza I. Oxidative Stress in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Nrf2 as Therapeutic Target. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1280. [PMID: 30455645 PMCID: PMC6230566 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of vision loss in the elderly. Genetics, environmental insults, and age-related issues are risk factors for the development of the disease. All these risk factors are linked to the induction of oxidative stress. In young subjects retinal pigment epithelial cells mitigate reactive oxygen generation by the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria, via mitophagy, and by increasing antioxidant defenses via Nrf2 activation. The high amount of UV light absorbed by the retina, together with cigarette smoking, cooperate with the aging process to increase the amount of reactive oxygen species generated by retinal pigment epithelium where oxidative stress arises. Moreover, in the elderly both the mitophagic process and Nrf2 activation are impaired thus causing retinal cell death. This review will focus on the impact of oxidative stress on the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and analyze the natural and synthetic Nrf2-activating compounds that have been tested as potential therapeutic agents for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bellezza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Merle BMJ, Colijn JM, Cougnard-Grégoire A, de Koning-Backus APM, Delyfer MN, Kiefte-de Jong JC, Meester-Smoor M, Féart C, Verzijden T, Samieri C, Franco OH, Korobelnik JF, Klaver CCW, Delcourt C. Mediterranean Diet and Incidence of Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The EYE-RISK Consortium. Ophthalmology 2018; 126:381-390. [PMID: 30114418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate associations of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) with incidence of advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD; the symptomatic form of AMD) in 2 European population-based prospective cohorts. DESIGN Prospective cohort study of the Rotterdam Study I (RS-I) and the Antioxydants, Lipides Essentiels, Nutrition et Maladies Oculaires (Alienor) Study populations. PARTICIPANTS Four thousand four hundred forty-six participants 55 years of age or older from the RS-I (The Netherlands) and 550 French adults 73 years of age or older from the Alienor Study with complete ophthalmologic and dietary data were included in the present study. METHODS Examinations were performed approximately every 5 years over a 21-year period (1990-2011) in RS-I and every 2 years over a 4-year period (2006-2012) in the Alienor Study. Adherence to the MeDi was evaluated using a 9-component score based on intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, cereals, fish, meat, dairy products, alcohol, and the monounsaturated-to-saturated fatty acids ratio. Associations of incidence of AMD with MeDi were estimated using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Incidence of advanced AMD based on retinal fundus photographs. RESULTS Among the 4996 included participants, 155 demonstrated advanced incident AMD (117 from the RS-I and 38 from the Alienor Study). The mean follow-up time was 9.9 years (range, 0.6-21.7 years) in the RS-I and 4.1 years (range, 2.5-5.0 years) in the Alienor Study. Pooling data for both the RS-I and Alienor Study, participants with a high (range, 6-9) MeDi score showed a significantly reduced risk for incident advanced AMD compared with participants with a low (range, 0-3) MeDi score in the fully adjusted Cox model (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.95; P = 0.04 for trend). CONCLUSIONS Pooling data from the RS-I and Alienor Study, higher adherence to the MeDi was associated with a 41% reduced risk of incident advanced AMD. These findings support the role of a diet rich in healthful nutrient-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, and fish in the prevention of AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte M J Merle
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Johanna M Colijn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Audrey Cougnard-Grégoire
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandra P M de Koning-Backus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Noëlle Delyfer
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Magda Meester-Smoor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Féart
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Timo Verzijden
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-François Korobelnik
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Service d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cécile Delcourt
- Team LEHA, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | |
Collapse
|