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Li YJ, Jin X, Li D, Lu J, Zhang XN, Yang SJ, Zhao YX, Wu M. New insights into vascular aging: Emerging role of mitochondria function. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Jakobsgaard JE, de Paoli F, Vissing K. Protein signaling in response to ex vivo dynamic contractions is independent of training status in rat skeletal muscle. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:919-932. [PMID: 35723680 PMCID: PMC9545705 DOI: 10.1113/ep090446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Are myofibre protein signalling responses to ex vivo dynamic contractions altered by accustomization to voluntary endurance training in rats? What is the main finding and its importance? In response to ex vivo dynamic muscle contractions, canonical myofibre protein signalling pertaining to metabolic transcriptional regulation, as well as translation initiation and elongation, was not influenced by prior accustomization to voluntary endurance training in rats. Accordingly, intrinsic myofibre protein signalling responses to standardized contractile activity may be independent of prior exercise training in rat skeletal muscle.
Abstract Skeletal muscle training status may influence myofibre regulatory protein signalling in response to contractile activity. The current study employed a purpose‐designed ex vivo dynamic contractile protocol to evaluate the effect of exercise‐accustomization on canonical myofibre protein signalling for metabolic gene expression and for translation initiation and elongation. To this end, rats completed 8 weeks of in vivo voluntary running training versus no running control intervention, whereupon an ex vivo endurance‐type dynamic contraction stimulus was conducted in isolated soleus muscle preparations from both intervention groups. Protein signalling response by phosphorylation was evaluated by immunoblotting at 0 and 3 h following ex vivo stimulation. Phosphorylation of AMP‐activated protein kinase α‐isoforms and its downstream target, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, as well as phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) was increased immediately following the dynamic contraction protocol (at 0 h). Signalling for translation initiation and elongation was evident at 3 h after dynamic contractile activity, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E‐binding protein 1, as well as a decrease in phosphorylation of eEF2 back to resting control levels. However, prior exercise training did not alter phosphorylation responses of the investigated signalling proteins. Accordingly, protein signalling responses to standardized endurance‐type contractions may be independent of training status in rat muscle during ex vivo conditions. The present findings add to our current understanding of molecular regulatory events responsible for skeletal muscle plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Emil Jakobsgaard
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Frank de Paoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Kristian Vissing
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Han Y, Liu Y, Zhen J, Hou S, Zhang B, Cui Z, Wan Q, Feng H. P53 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis via transcriptionally induction of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113249. [PMID: 35691378 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The well-documented tumor suppressor p53 is also a major stress response factor for its diverse regulation on cellular energetics. However, the effect of p53 on mitochondrial biogenesis, which plays a predominant role in response to the elevated energy demands, appears to be pleiotropic in various conditions and has not reached agreement. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12 (MRPL12), reported as a bi-functional protein for its roles in both mitochondrial ribosomes and transcriptional complexes, is a core regulatory component in mitochondrial biogenesis. Here we proved that MRPL12 is transcriptionally regulated by p53. Furthermore, the p53/MRPL12 regulation of mitochondria is part of the signaling pathway that maintains the basal mitochondrial content and positively coordinates the mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in response to metabolic perturbation. Since p53 serves as the'Guardian of the Genome', our findings may revealed a new mechanism underlying the conditions when more ATP is warranted to maintain the genome integrity and cell survival. Therefore the pharmacological intervention or metabolic modulation (e.g., through fasting or exercise) of the p53/MRPL12 pathway promises to be a therapeutic approach that can safeguard health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Han
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospidhandongtal Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Junhui Zhen
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoshuai Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - ZhengGuo Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Fukui School of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Disease Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital, Qilu Medical College, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Hong Feng
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Zhang C, Liu N. Noncoding RNAs in the Glycolysis of Ovarian Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:855488. [PMID: 35431949 PMCID: PMC9005897 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.855488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism reprogramming is the characteristic feature of tumors. The tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance of ovarian cancer (OC) is dependent on energy metabolism. Even under adequate oxygen conditions, OC cells tend to convert glucose to lactate, and glycolysis can rapidly produce ATP to meet their metabolic energy needs. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) interact directly with DNA, RNA, and proteins to function as an essential regulatory in gene expression and tumor pathology. Studies have shown that ncRNAs regulate the process of glycolysis by interacting with the predominant glycolysis enzyme and cellular signaling pathway, participating in tumorigenesis and progression. This review summarizes the mechanism of ncRNAs regulation in glycolysis in OC and investigates potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Bennett JP, Onyango IG. Energy, Entropy and Quantum Tunneling of Protons and Electrons in Brain Mitochondria: Relation to Mitochondrial Impairment in Aging-Related Human Brain Diseases and Therapeutic Measures. Biomedicines 2021; 9:225. [PMID: 33671585 PMCID: PMC7927033 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult human brains consume a disproportionate amount of energy substrates (2-3% of body weight; 20-25% of total glucose and oxygen). Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a universal energy currency in brains and is produced by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) using ATP synthase, a nano-rotor powered by the proton gradient generated from proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) in the multi-complex electron transport chain (ETC). ETC catalysis rates are reduced in brains from humans with neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Declines of ETC function in NDDs may result from combinations of nitrative stress (NS)-oxidative stress (OS) damage; mitochondrial and/or nuclear genomic mutations of ETC/OXPHOS genes; epigenetic modifications of ETC/OXPHOS genes; or defects in importation or assembly of ETC/OXPHOS proteins or complexes, respectively; or alterations in mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, mitophagy). Substantial free energy is gained by direct O2-mediated oxidation of NADH. Traditional ETC mechanisms require separation between O2 and electrons flowing from NADH/FADH2 through the ETC. Quantum tunneling of electrons and much larger protons may facilitate this separation. Neuronal death may be viewed as a local increase in entropy requiring constant energy input to avoid. The ATP requirement of the brain may partially be used for avoidance of local entropy increase. Mitochondrial therapeutics seeks to correct deficiencies in ETC and OXPHOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isaac G. Onyango
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, CZ-65691 Brno, Czech Republic;
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p53 is required for nuclear but not mitochondrial DNA damage-induced degeneration. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:104. [PMID: 33473103 PMCID: PMC7817838 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03373-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While the consequences of nuclear DNA damage have been well studied, the exact consequences of acute and selective mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage are less understood. DNA damaging chemotherapeutic drugs are known to activate p53-dependent apoptosis in response to sustained nuclear DNA damage. While it is recognized that whole-cell exposure to these drugs also damages mtDNA, the specific contribution of mtDNA damage to cellular degeneration is less clear. To examine this, we induced selective mtDNA damage in neuronal axons using microfluidic chambers that allow for the spatial and fluidic isolation of neuronal cell bodies (containing nucleus and mitochondria) from the axons (containing mitochondria). Exposure of the DNA damaging drug cisplatin selectively to only the axons induced mtDNA damage in axonal mitochondria, without nuclear damage. We found that this resulted in the selective degeneration of only the targeted axons that were exposed to DNA damage, where ROS was induced but mitochondria were not permeabilized. mtDNA damage-induced axon degeneration was not mediated by any of the three known axon degeneration pathways: apoptosis, axon pruning, and Wallerian degeneration, as Bax-deficiency, or Casp3-deficiency, or Sarm1-deficiency failed to protect the degenerating axons. Strikingly, p53, which is essential for degeneration after nuclear DNA damage, was also not required for degeneration induced with mtDNA damage. This was most evident when the p53-deficient neurons were globally exposed to cisplatin. While the cell bodies of p53-deficient neurons were protected from degeneration in this context, the axons farthest from the cell bodies still underwent degeneration. These results highlight how whole cell exposure to DNA damage activates two pathways of degeneration; a faster, p53-dependent apoptotic degeneration that is triggered in the cell bodies with nuclear DNA damage, and a slower, p53-independent degeneration that is induced with mtDNA damage.
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Kim YJ, Perumalsamy H, Castro-Aceituno V, Kim D, Markus J, Lee S, Kim S, Liu Y, Yang DC. Photoluminescent And Self-Assembled Hyaluronic Acid-Zinc Oxide-Ginsenoside Rh2 Nanoparticles And Their Potential Caspase-9 Apoptotic Mechanism Towards Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8195-8208. [PMID: 31632027 PMCID: PMC6790350 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s221328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in modern cancer therapy based on their specific target, efficacy, low toxicity and biocompatibility. The photocatalytic performance of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposites with hyaluronic acid (HA) was used to study anticancer properties against various human cancer cell lines. Methods Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposites functionalized by hyaluronic acid (HA) were prepared by a co-precipitation method (HA-ZnONcs). The submicron-flower-shaped nanocomposites were further functionalized with ginsenoside Rh2 by a cleavable ester bond via carbodiimide chemistry to form Rh2HAZnO. The physicochemical behaviors of the synthesized ZnO nanocomposites were characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. We carried out 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to evaluate the toxicity of Rh2HAZnO in various human cancer cells (A549, MCF-7, and HT29). Furthermore, to confirm the apoptotic effects of Rh2HAZnO and to determine the role of the Caspase-9/p38 MAPK pathways by various molecular techniques such as RT-PCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, Rh2HAZnO induced morphological changes of these cell lines, mainly intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed by ROS staining and nucleus by Hoechst staining. Results We confirmed that Rh2HAZnO exhibits the anti-cancer effects on A549 lung cancer, HT29 colon cancer, and MCF7 breast cancer cells. Moreover, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in three cancer cell lines. Rh2HAZnO induced apoptotic process through p53-mediated pathway by upregulating p53 and BAX and downregulating BCL2. Specifically, Rh2HAZnO induced activation of cleaved PARP (Asp214) in A549 lung cancer cells and upregulated Caspase-9/phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in other cell lines (HT29 and MCF-7). Furthermore, Rh2HAZnO induced morphological changes in the nucleus of these cell lines. Conclusion These results suggest that the potential anticancer activity of novel Rh2HAZnO nanoparticles might be linked to induction of apoptosis through the generation of ROS by activation of the Caspase-9/p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ju Kim
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Haribalan Perumalsamy
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Verónica Castro-Aceituno
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyuk Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering/School of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Josua Markus
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungah Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Natural Sciences, College of Applied Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kim
- Center for Global Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Islam H, Hood DA, Gurd BJ. Looking beyond PGC-1α: emerging regulators of exercise-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and their activation by dietary compounds. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:11-23. [PMID: 31158323 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite its widespread acceptance as the "master regulator" of mitochondrial biogenesis (i.e., the expansion of the mitochondrial reticulum), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) appears to be dispensable for the training-induced augmentation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and respiratory function. In fact, a number of regulatory proteins have emerged as important players in skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and many of these proteins share key attributes with PGC-1α. In an effort to move past the simplistic notion of a "master regulator" of mitochondrial biogenesis, we highlight the regulatory mechanisms by which nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ), PPARβ, and leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein (LRP130) may contribute to the control of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis. We also present evidence supporting/refuting the ability of sulforaphane, quercetin, and epicatechin to promote skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and their potential to augment mitochondrial training adaptations. Targeted activation of specific pathways by these compounds may allow for greater mechanistic insight into the molecular pathways controlling mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle. Dietary activation of mitochondrial biogenesis may also be useful in clinical populations with basal reductions in mitochondrial protein content, enzyme activities, and/or respiratory function as well as individuals who exhibit a blunted skeletal muscle responsiveness to contractile activity. Novelty The existence of redundant pathways leading to mitochondrial biogenesis refutes the simplistic notion of a "master regulator" of mitochondrial biogenesis. Dietary activation of specific pathways may provide greater mechanistic insight into the exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim Islam
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Brendon J Gurd
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Blandino G, Valenti F, Sacconi A, Di Agostino S. Wild type- and mutant p53 proteins in mitochondrial dysfunction: emerging insights in cancer disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 98:105-117. [PMID: 31112799 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Deregulated cell metabolism is one of the cancer hallmarks. Mitochondrial DNA mutations and enzyme defects, aberrant tumor suppressor or oncogenic activities cause mitochondrial dysfunction leading to deregulated cellular energetics. The tumor suppressor protein, p53 is a tetrameric transcription factor that in response to diverse genotoxic and non-genotoxic insults activates a plethora of target genes to preserve genome integrity. In the last two decades the discovery of cytoplasmic p53 localization focused intense research on its extra-nuclear functions. The ability of p53 to induce apoptosis acting directly at mitochondria and the related mechanisms of p53 localization and translocation in the cytoplasm have been investigated. A role of cytoplasmic p53 in autophagy, pentose phosphate pathway, fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, and drug response has been proposed. TP53 gene is mutated in more than half of human cancers. In parallel to loss of tumor suppressive functions, mutant p53 proteins often gain new tumorigenic activities (GOF, gain of function). It has been recently shown that mutant p53 proteins mediate metabolic changes thereby promoting cancer development and metastases. Here we review the contribution of either wild-type p53 or mutant p53 proteins to the fine-tuning of mitochondrial metabolism of both normal and cancer cells. Greater knowledge at the mechanistic level might provide insights to develop new cancer therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy.
| | - Fabio Valenti
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy.
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Hillmeister P, Buschmann I, Bondke Persson A. Listen to your physiologist! Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 225:e13265. [PMID: 30762943 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hillmeister
- Department for Angiology Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Clinic Brandenburg, DAZB Deutsches Angiologie Zentrum Brandenburg-Berlin Brandenburg an der Havel Germany
| | - Ivo Buschmann
- Department for Angiology Brandenburg Medical School, Campus Clinic Brandenburg, DAZB Deutsches Angiologie Zentrum Brandenburg-Berlin Brandenburg an der Havel Germany
| | - Anja Bondke Persson
- Charité– Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
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Li H, Liu L, Liu C, Zhuang J, Zhou C, Yang J, Gao C, Liu G, Lv Q, Sun C. Deciphering Key Pharmacological Pathways of Qingdai Acting on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Using a Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:5668-5688. [PMID: 30108199 PMCID: PMC6106618 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Qingdai, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with good efficacy, has been used in China for decades. However, due to the complexity of traditional Chinese medicinal compounds, the pharmacological mechanism of Qingdai needs further research. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological mechanisms of Qingdai in the treatment of CML using network pharmacology approaches. First, components in Qingdai that were selected by pharmacokinetic profiles and biological activity predicted putative targets based on a combination of 2D and 3D similarity measures with known ligands. Then, an interaction network of Qingdai putative targets and known therapeutic targets for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia was constructed. By calculating the 4 topological features (degree, betweenness, closeness, and coreness) of each node in the network, we identified the candidate Qingdai targets according to their network topological importance. The composite compounds of Qingdai and the corresponding candidate major targets were further validated by a molecular docking simulation. Seven components in Qingdai were selected and 32 candidate Qingdai targets were identified; these were more frequently involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and immune system-related pathways, which all play important roles in the progression of CML. Finally, the molecular docking simulation showed that 23 pairs of chemical components and candidate Qingdai targets had effective binding. This network-based pharmacology study suggests that Qingdai acts through the regulation of candidate targets to interfere with CML and thus regulates the occurrence and development of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayao Li
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Lijuan Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland).,Department of Oncology, Affilited Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Cun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chao Zhou
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Yang
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Chundi Gao
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Gongxi Liu
- Departmen of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qingliang Lv
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affilited Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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12
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Nikolaidis MG, Margaritelis NV. Same Redox Evidence But Different Physiological "Stories": The Rashomon Effect in Biology. Bioessays 2018; 40:e1800041. [PMID: 30019441 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The Rashomon effect - a phenomenon studied in the arts and social sciences - occurs when the same event is given contradictory interpretations by different individuals involved. The effect was named after Akira Kurosawa's 1950 film Rashomon, in which a murder is described in four contradictory ways by four witnesses. In the film, a samurai has been killed under mysterious circumstances. Four people give contradictory reports about the crime. In particular, the samurai's wife claims that she was sexually abused by a bandit, fainted, and then awoke to find her husband dead; the bandit claims that he seduced the wife and challenged the samurai in a battle to victory or at least to an honorable death; the woodcutter (who may have been an onlooker) claims that he witnessed the rape and murder but was not involved; and the dead samurai's spirit claims that he committed suicide. The Rashomon effect is not only about constructing different versions of the world based on differences in perspective; it occurs when such differences appear together with the absence of evidence to assess any version of the truth, plus "the social pressure for closure on the question." In this commentary, we describe the relevance of the Rashomon effect beyond the arts and social sciences, namely in the field of biology. We use examples from redox biology, which is full of contradictions, thus making it fertile ground on which to apply reasoning derived from the Rashomon effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62110 Serres, Greece
| | - Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62110 Serres, Greece.,Intensive Care Unit, 424 General Military Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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