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Dempsey C, Devine R, Fink E, Hughes C. Developmental links between well-being, self-concept and prosocial behaviour in early primary school. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 94:425-440. [PMID: 38114272 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Well-being is a key aspect of children's education, yet measurement issues have limited studies in early primary school. AIMS The current 12-month longitudinal study assesses the temporal stability of child- and parent-reported school well-being and examines developmental links with academic self-concept and parent-rated prosocial behaviour. SAMPLE(S) We tracked a sample of 206 children across the transition from the first (T1) to the second (T2) year of primary school (T1 child Mage = 5.3, SD = .46, 54.3% girls) and gathered ratings of well-being, prosocial behaviour and academic self-concept at both timepoints. METHODS We used cross-lagged analyses to investigate developmental links between these three constructs. RESULTS Parent and child reports of children's well-being showed similar temporal stability and converged over time, such that informants' reports showed a modest but significant correlation at T2. Girls reported greater well-being than boys at both timepoints and received higher parental ratings of well-being than boys at T2. For both girls and boys, associations between the constructs were asymmetric: early well-being predicted later self-concept and prosocial behaviour, but the reciprocal associations were not significant. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the validity of young children's self-reported well-being, highlight the early onset of gender differences in school well-being and demonstrate that early well-being heralds later prosocial behaviour and positive academic self-concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoimhe Dempsey
- Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rory Devine
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elian Fink
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Claire Hughes
- Centre for Family Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Maw KJ, Beattie G, Burns EJ. Cognitive strengths in neurodevelopmental disorders, conditions and differences: A critical review. Neuropsychologia 2024; 197:108850. [PMID: 38467371 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders are traditionally characterised by a range of associated cognitive impairments in, for example, sensory processing, facial recognition, visual imagery, attention, and coordination. In this critical review, we propose a major reframing, highlighting the variety of unique cognitive strengths that people with neurodevelopmental differences can exhibit. These include enhanced visual perception, strong spatial, auditory, and semantic memory, superior empathy and theory of mind, along with higher levels of divergent thinking. Whilst we acknowledge the heterogeneity of cognitive profiles in neurodevelopmental conditions, we present a more encouraging and affirmative perspective of these groups, contrasting with the predominant, deficit-based position prevalent throughout both cognitive and neuropsychological research. In addition, we provide a theoretical basis and rationale for these cognitive strengths, arguing for the critical role of hereditability, behavioural adaptation, neuronal-recycling, and we draw on psychopharmacological and social explanations. We present a table of potential strengths across conditions and invite researchers to systematically investigate these in their future work. This should help reduce the stigma around neurodiversity, instead promoting greater social inclusion and significant societal benefits.
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Henning CT, Summerfeldt LJ, Parker JDA. Longitudinal Associations Between Symptoms of ADHD and Life Success: From Emerging Adulthood to Early Middle Adulthood. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:1139-1151. [PMID: 38504446 PMCID: PMC11016205 DOI: 10.1177/10870547241239148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To expand on current adult ADHD literature by investigating the stability of ADHD symptomatology (i.e., inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity) across a 15-year period (from emerging adulthood to early middle adulthood) and the relative contributions of ADHD symptomatology to life success. METHOD A sample of 320 post-secondary students was initially assessed for ADHD symptomatology using the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS). Fifteen years later, participants were re-assessed using the CAARS and several measures of life success (e.g., relationship satisfaction, career satisfaction, and stress levels). RESULTS Inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms showed strong stability across the 15-year period. Additionally, inattention symptoms during emerging adulthood and early middle adulthood were consistently associated with poorer life success (i.e., lower relationship and career satisfaction), particularly for men. Associations for hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms were less consistent. CONCLUSION ADHD symptomatology can be conceptualized as a stable, dimensional trait across adulthood, with important impacts on life success.
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Panayiotou M, Finning K, Hennessey A, Ford T, Humphrey N. Longitudinal pathways between emotional difficulties and school absenteeism in middle childhood: Evidence from developmental cascades. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:1323-1334. [PMID: 34955109 DOI: 10.1017/s095457942100122x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Emotional difficulties are associated with both authorized and unauthorized school absence, but there has been little longitudinal research and the temporal nature of these associations remains unclear. This study presents three-wave random-intercepts panel models of longitudinal reciprocal relationships between teacher-reported emotional difficulties and authorized and unauthorized school absence in 2,542 English children aged 6 to 9 years old at baseline, who were followed-up annually. Minor differences in the stability effects were observed between genders but only for the authorized absence model. Across all time points, children with greater emotional difficulties had more absences, and vice versa (authorized: ρ = .23-.29, p < .01; unauthorized: ρ = .28, p < .01). At the within-person level, concurrent associations showed that emotional difficulties were associated with greater authorized (β = .15-.17, p < .01) absence at Time 3 only, but with less unauthorized (β = -.08-.13, p < .05) absence at Times 1 and 2. In cross-lagged pathways, neither authorized nor unauthorized absence predicted later emotional difficulties, and emotional difficulties did not predict later authorized absence at any time point. However, greater emotional difficulties were associated with fewer unauthorized absences across time (β = -13-.22, p < .001). The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neil Humphrey
- University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Education, Manchester, UK
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Gorman E, Bowden N, Kokaua J, McNeill B, Schluter PJ. A national multiple baseline cohort study of mental health conditions in early adolescence and subsequent educational outcomes in New Zealand. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11025. [PMID: 37419984 PMCID: PMC10329034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Young people experiencing mental health conditions are vulnerable to poorer educational outcomes for many reasons, including: social exclusion, stigma, and limited in-school support. Using a near-complete New Zealand population administrative database, this prospective cohort study aimed to quantify differences in educational attainment (at ages 15-16 years) and school suspensions (over ages 13-16 years), between those with and without a prior mental health condition. The data included five student cohorts, each starting secondary school from 2013 to 2017 respectively (N = 272,901). Both internalising and externalising mental health conditions were examined. Overall, 6.8% had a mental health condition. Using adjusted modified Poisson regression analyses, those with prior mental health conditions exhibited lower rates of attainment (IRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.86-0.88) and higher rates of school suspensions (IRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.57-1.70) by age 15-16 years. Associations were stronger among those exhibiting behavioural conditions, compared to emotional conditions, in line with previous literature. These findings highlight the importance of support for young people experiencing mental health conditions at this crucial juncture in their educational pathway. While mental health conditions increase the likelihood of poorer educational outcomes, deleterious outcomes were not a necessary sequalae. In this study, most participants with mental health conditions had successful educational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Gorman
- School of Organisations, Economy and Society, University of Westminster, 35 Marylebone Rd, Marylebone, London, NW1 5LS, UK.
| | - Nicholas Bowden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago, 201 Great King St, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
- A Better Start National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jesse Kokaua
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago, 201 Great King St, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
- A Better Start National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Va'a O Tautai-Centre for Pacific Health, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, 78 Frederick St, Dunedin, 9017, New Zealand
| | - Brigid McNeill
- Te Kāhui Pā Harakeke, Child Well‑being Research Institute, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
- Te Kura Whakangungu Kaiako, The School of Teacher Education, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
| | - Philip J Schluter
- Te Kāhui Pā Harakeke, Child Well‑being Research Institute, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
- Te Kaupeka Oranga, Faculty of Health, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
- Primary Care Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Uchida M, DiSalvo M, Walsh D, Biederman J. The Heritability of ADHD in Children of ADHD Parents: A Post-hoc Analysis of Longitudinal Data. J Atten Disord 2023; 27:250-257. [PMID: 36384349 PMCID: PMC9969349 DOI: 10.1177/10870547221136251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing literature suggests attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heritable disorder. We evaluated children at risk for ADHD by virtue of having parents with ADHD and compared them with children of parents without ADHD to assess the degree of heritability of ADHD. METHOD The sample for this study was derived from three longitudinal studies that tracked families with various disorders, including ADHD. Children were stratified based on presence of parental ADHD, and clinical assessments were taken to evaluate presence of ADHD and related psychiatric and functional outcomes in children. RESULTS Children with parental ADHD had significantly more full or subthreshold psychiatric disorders (including ADHD) as well as functional impairments compared to children without parental ADHD. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that offspring of parents with ADHD are at significant risk for ADHD and its associated psychiatric, cognitive, and educational impairments. These findings aid in identifying early manifestations of ADHD in young children at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Uchida
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Joseph Biederman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Vňuková M, Děchtěrenko F, Weissenberger S, Anders M, Ptáček R. Childhood School Performance in Adults Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Atten Disord 2023; 27:307-312. [PMID: 36484286 DOI: 10.1177/10870547221140601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with ADHD often tend to underperform in school. This partial study aimed to find out if the school experience of adults with higher ADHD symptomatology differs from those with lower and no ADHD symptomatology. METHOD Based on the results of ASRS questionnaires, the respondents were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) according to the manifested ADHD symptomatology. We explored their school experiences by looking at their grades for behavior at school, notes regarding their attendance, school expulsion, and other school experiences. RESULTS Children with higher ADHD symptomatology were significantly more likely to be expelled, receive notes for bad behavior, disturbing or forgetting as well as receive reprimands from teachers. CONCLUSION Our results show that children with increased ADHD symptomatology experience more difficulties with school behavior, they are frequently reprimanded, and they do receive more negative feedback regarding their attendance and tardiness from teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vňuková
- First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Simon Weissenberger
- First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Anders
- First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Ptáček
- First Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
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Español-Martín G, Pagerols M, Prat R, Rivas C, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Casas M, Bosch R. The impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorders on academic performance in Spanish children from a low-middle- and a high-income population. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1136994. [PMID: 37124266 PMCID: PMC10130398 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1136994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Past research has demonstrated that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specific learning disorders (SLD), and socioeconomic status (SES) affect a host of educational outcomes. However, there are no studies examining whether SES moderates the association between these neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) and the academic achievement of children and adolescents. The present investigation examined the impact of ADHD and SLD on academic performance in 1,287 Spanish students aged 5-17 from a low-middle (LM)- and a high-income population, when adjusted for comorbidity and demographic factors that may influence educational functioning. Methods Parents completed a questionnaire regarding demographic data along with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Additionally, teachers provided information on learning difficulties trough the Protocol for Detection and Management of Dyslexia. Teacher's Version. Academic performance across multiple domains (i.e., first language, foreign language, mathematics) was obtained from school records. ND were determined using standardized diagnostic methods based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. To examine the effects of ADHD and SLD on academic achievement and the potential moderating role of SES, a series of ordinal logistic regressions were conducted. Results Emotional/behavioral problems, learning difficulties, and ND were more frequent among individuals from the LM-income population. After controlling for gender, age, parental divorce/separation, grade retention, frequency of screen use, and daily meals, both ADHD and SLD were associated with worse educational outcomes. Lower SES also increased the risk for academic impairment, although the interactions with ADHD or SLD were not significant. Conclusion These findings indicate that ADHD and SLD exert a pervasive impact on academic performance across different socioeconomic backgrounds. Therefore, early detection and effective intervention strategies aimed at students with these ND are crucial to improve their educational functioning and mitigate the negative consequences related to academic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Español-Martín
- Servei de Psiquiatria, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Psiquiatria, Salut Mental i Addiccions, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mireia Pagerols
- Programa MIND Escoles, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament de Fonaments Clínics, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mireia Pagerols,
| | - Raquel Prat
- Programa MIND Escoles, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CEES), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Cristina Rivas
- Programa MIND Escoles, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Servei de Psiquiatria, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Grup de Psiquiatria, Salut Mental i Addiccions, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Casas
- Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- Programa MIND Escoles, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rosa Bosch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Programa MIND Escoles, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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Niemi S, Lagerström M, Alanko K. School attendance problems in adolescent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1017619. [PMID: 36506967 PMCID: PMC9726763 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1017619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: A link between having a neurodevelopmental disorder, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and school absenteeism, has been found in previous studies. Why ADHD poses a risk for absenteeism remains unclear, and insight into the mechanisms of the association is needed. The aim of the present study was to investigate school attendance problems (SAP) and both the symptoms related and the perceived reasons for them, as reported by adolescents with ADHD (n = 95), compared with neurotypical adolescents (n = 1,474). Method: The current study (N = 1,569) was part of the School absence in Finland-project. SAPs were measured with the Inventory of School Attendance Problems (ISAP). The ISAP questionnaire contains a symptom scale (ISAP S) and a function scale (ISAP F), which shows if and how the symptoms impacts school attendance. A linear mixed effects model was used to analyze outcomes on the ISAP factors, controlling for background variables living status, gender, other diagnoses, highest level of education for the parent and age. Results: Results show that adolescents with ADHD had been more absent from school compared to neurotypical adolescents during the prior 12-weeks. Adolescents with ADHD showed significantly more symptoms of agoraphobia/panic, problems within the family and problems with parents than neurotypical peers. The symptoms separation anxiety, agoraphobia/panic, aggression, problems within the family and problems with parents more often were perceived as the reason for SAP (ISAP F). Discussion: The results are in line with our initial hypotheses and previous studies. Because of the low response rate on the ISAP F scale, the results regarding reasons for SAPs should be interpreted with caution. Future research could examine specific preventive actions of SAPs for adolescents with ADHD, and different subtypes of ADHD.
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Dagistan AA, Gica S, Aydin A, Cilli AS. Prevalence of probable attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in inmates and its relationship with recidivism. J Forensic Sci 2021; 67:289-296. [PMID: 34596242 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of probable attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in prisoners and to assess the relationship between ADHD and recidivism. We studied 356 inmates, who were evaluated using the Wender Utah Rating Scale and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale. Type of crime and other crime-related data were compared between inmates with and without ADHD. The group with probable ADHD had a higher average number of convictions compared to the group without ADHD. The probable ADHD group also demonstrated higher incidence of extortion crime, drug trade, disciplinary action at school, and military service than the group without ADHD. Linear regression analysis revealed that the presence of probable ADHD was effective on the number of convictions. The findings of our study support that the presence of probable ADHD carries a potential risk of being prone to certain crimes and demonstrate a correlation between the presence of probable ADHD and early involvement in crime and the number of convictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Adnan Dagistan
- Department of Psychiatry, Konya Beyhekim Education and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sakir Gica
- Department of Psychiatry, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Adem Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Savas Cilli
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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Smith NR, Marshall L, Albakri M, Smuk M, Hagell A, Stansfeld S. Adolescent mental health difficulties and educational attainment: findings from the UK household longitudinal study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046792. [PMID: 34305046 PMCID: PMC8372813 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examines whether there is an independent association between mental difficulties in adolescence and educational attainment at age 16. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING Nationally representative data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS) were linked to the National Pupil Database for England. PARTICIPANTS Respondents (N=1100) to the UKHLS between 2009 and 2012 were linked to the National Pupil Database to investigate longitudinal associations between mental difficulties at ages 11-14 and educational attainment at age 16 (General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE)). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE Not gaining five or more GCSE qualifications at age 16, including English and maths at grade A*-C. RESULTS An atypical total mental health difficulty score measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 11-14 predicted low levels of educational attainment at age 16 (OR: 3.11 (95% CI: (2.11 to 4.57)). Controlling for prior attainment and family sociodemographic factors, happiness with school (/work) and parental health, school engagement and relationship with the child partially attenuated the association, which was significant in the fully adjusted model (2.05, 95% CI (1.15 to 3.68)). The association was maintained in the fully adjusted model for males only (OR: 2.77 (95% CI (1.24 to 6.16)) but not for females. Hyperactivity disorder strongly predicted lower attainment for males (OR: 2.17 (95% CI: (1.11 to 4.23)) and females (OR: 2.85 (95% CI (1.30 to 6.23)). CONCLUSION Mental difficulties at ages 11-14 were independently linked to educational success at age 16, highlighting an important pathway through which health in adolescence can determine young people's life chances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Smith
- Policy Research Centre, NatCen Social Research, London, UK
| | - Lydia Marshall
- Policy Research Centre, NatCen Social Research, London, UK
| | | | - Melanie Smuk
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ann Hagell
- Association for Young People's Health, London, UK
| | - Stephen Stansfeld
- Psychiatry, Barts and the London, Queen Marys School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
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Riad R, Allodi MW, Siljehag E, Wikman C, Ford T, Bölte S. How I Feel About My School-Adaptation and Validation of an Educational Well-Being Measure among Young Children in Sweden. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5075. [PMID: 34064855 PMCID: PMC8151915 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The well-being of children has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, we lack adequate brief self-report tools that enable us to consider young children's well-being in policy evaluations and educational research. This study describes the adaptation and first validation of the Swedish version of How I Feel About My School (HIFAMS), a subjective well-being questionnaire suitable for children aged 4 to 12 years, which was originally developed in the United Kingdom (UK). Descriptive statistics with analysis of psychometric properties and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) are based on the perceived well-being of 228 children in preschool and school aged 5 to 8 years old. The CFA endorsed a good fit to a one-factor model, and the scale showed moderate internal consistency (rα = 0.63). The results are largely in line with the findings of the original HIFAMS. We conclude that the Swedish version can be applied in early preschool/school settings and could provide first-hand information about children's well-being from the first years of education until elementary school grades. Practitioners in early education settings might benefit from HIFAMS assessments when seeking to understand children's current well-being to provide support to children with special educational needs or children at risk for mental health issues. Researchers could use the HIFAMS to standardize child well-being evaluations in policy evaluations and interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Riad
- Department of Special Education, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Siljehag
- Department of Special Education, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carina Wikman
- Department of Special Education, Stockholm University, 11419 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 11330 Stockholm, Sweden
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 10239 Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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