1
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Yang C, Ding Y, Mao Z, Wang W. Nanoplatform-Mediated Autophagy Regulation and Combined Anti-Tumor Therapy for Resistant Tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:917-944. [PMID: 38293604 PMCID: PMC10826716 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s445578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The overall cancer incidence and death toll have been increasing worldwide. However, the conventional therapies have some obvious limitations, such as non-specific targeting, systemic toxic effects, especially the multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumors, in which, autophagy plays a vital role. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new treatments to reduce adverse reactions, improve the treatment efficacy and expand their therapeutic indications more effectively and accurately. Combination therapy based on autophagy regulators is a very feasible and important method to overcome tumor resistance and sensitize anti-tumor drugs. However, the less improved efficacy, more systemic toxicity and other problems limit its clinical application. Nanotechnology provides a good way to overcome this limitation. Co-delivery of autophagy regulators combined with anti-tumor drugs through nanoplatforms provides a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment of tumors, especially drug-resistant tumors. Notably, the nanomaterials with autophagy regulatory properties have broad therapeutic prospects as carrier platforms, especially in adjuvant therapy. However, further research is still necessary to overcome the difficulties such as the safety, biocompatibility, and side effects of nanomedicine. In addition, clinical research is also indispensable to confirm its application in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Crist RM, Clogston JD, Stern ST, Dobrovolskaia MA. Advancements in Nanoparticle Characterization. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2789:3-17. [PMID: 38506986 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3786-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology for drug delivery has made significant advancements over the last two decades. Innovations have been made in cancer research and development, including chemotherapies, imaging agents, and vaccine strategies, as well as other therapeutic areas, e.g., the recent commercialization of mRNA lipid nanoparticles as vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The field has also seen technological advancements to aid in addressing the complex questions posed by these novel therapies. In this latest edition of protocols and methods for nanoparticle characterization, we highlight both old and new methodologies for defining physicochemical properties, present both in vitro and in vivo methods to test for a variety of immunotoxicities, and describe assays used for pharmacological studies to assess drug release and tissue distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Crist
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Jeffrey D Clogston
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Stephan T Stern
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
| | - Marina A Dobrovolskaia
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA.
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3
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Boddu SH, Acharya D, Hala V, Jani H, Pande S, Patel C, Shahwan M, Jwala R, Ranch KM. An Update on Strategies to Deliver Protein and Peptide Drugs to the Eye. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35470-35498. [PMID: 37810716 PMCID: PMC10552503 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, advancements in protein engineering, biotechnology, and structural biochemistry have resulted in the discovery of various techniques that enhanced the production yield of proteins, targetability, circulating half-life, product purity, and functionality of proteins and peptides. As a result, the utilization of proteins and peptides has increased in the treatment of many conditions, including ocular diseases. Ocular delivery of large molecules poses several challenges due to their high molecular weight, hydrophilicity, unstable nature, and poor permeation through cellular and enzymatic barriers. The use of novel strategies for delivering protein and peptides such as glycoengineering, PEGylation, Fc-fusion, chitosan nanoparticles, and liposomes have improved the efficacy, safety, and stability, which consequently expanded the therapeutic potential of proteins. This review article highlights various proteins and peptides that are useful in ocular disorders, challenges in their delivery to the eye, and strategies to enhance ocular bioavailability using novel delivery approaches. In addition, a few futuristic approaches that will assist in the ocular delivery of proteins and peptides were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai H.
S. Boddu
- College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center
of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Devarshi Acharya
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Vivek Hala
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Harshil Jani
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
- Gujarat
Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424, India
| | - Sonal Pande
- Gujarat
Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382424, India
- Department
of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Chirag Patel
- Department
of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- College
of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center
of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Renukuntla Jwala
- School
of
Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El
Paso, 1101 N Campbell
St., El Paso, Texas 79902, United States
- Department
of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, North Carolina, 27240, United States
| | - Ketan M. Ranch
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380009, India
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4
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Chou WC, Chen Q, Yuan L, Cheng YH, He C, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Riviere JE, Lin Z. An artificial intelligence-assisted physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model to predict nanoparticle delivery to tumors in mice. J Control Release 2023; 361:53-63. [PMID: 37499908 PMCID: PMC11008607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The critical barrier for clinical translation of cancer nanomedicine stems from the inefficient delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) to target solid tumors. Rapid growth of computational power, new machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches provide new tools to address this challenge. In this study, we established an AI-assisted physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model by integrating an AI-based quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model with a PBPK model to simulate tumor-targeted delivery efficiency (DE) and biodistribution of various NPs. The AI-based QSAR model was developed using machine learning and deep neural network algorithms that were trained with datasets from a published "Nano-Tumor Database" to predict critical input parameters of the PBPK model. The PBPK model with optimized NP cellular uptake kinetic parameters was used to predict the maximum delivery efficiency (DEmax) and DE at 24 (DE24) and 168 h (DE168) of different NPs in the tumor after intravenous injection and achieved a determination coefficient of R2 = 0.83 [root mean squared error (RMSE) = 3.01] for DE24, R2 = 0.56 (RMSE = 2.27) for DE168, and R2 = 0.82 (RMSE = 3.51) for DEmax. The AI-PBPK model predictions correlated well with available experimentally-measured pharmacokinetic profiles of different NPs in tumors after intravenous injection (R2 ≥ 0.70 for 133 out of 288 datasets). This AI-based PBPK model provides an efficient screening tool to rapidly predict delivery efficiency of a NP based on its physicochemical properties without relying on an animal training dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chun Chou
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Qiran Chen
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Institute of Computational Comparative Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Chunla He
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Jim E Riviere
- Center for Chemical Toxicology Research and Pharmacokinetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA; 1Data Consortium, Kansas State University, Olathe, KS 66061, USA
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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5
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Preetam S, Jonnalagadda S, Kumar L, Rath R, Chattopadhyay S, Alghamdi BS, Abuzenadah AM, Jha NK, Gautam A, Malik S, Ashraf GM. Therapeutic potential of lipid nanosystems for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101965. [PMID: 37268112 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain is primarily responsible for the onset of the disease. The major challenge faced in the treatment of PD is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which impedes the delivery of therapeutics to targeted locations. To address this issue, lipid nanosystems have been used for the precise delivery of therapeutic compounds in anti-PD therapy. In this review, we will discuss the application and clinical significance of lipid nanosystem in delivering therapeutic compounds for anti-PD treatment. These medicinal compounds include ropinirole, apomorphine, bromocriptine, astaxanthin, resveratrol, dopamine, glyceryl monooleate, levodopa, N-3,4-bis(pivaloyloxy)- dopamine and fibroblast growth factor, which have significant potential to treat PD in the early stage. This review, in a nutshell, will pave the way for researchers to develop diagnostic and potential therapeutic approaches using nanomedicine to overcome the challenges posed by the BBB in delivering therapeutic compounds for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subham Preetam
- Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 59053, Sweden; Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan (SOA-DU), Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India.
| | - Swathi Jonnalagadda
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
| | - Lamha Kumar
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
| | - Rajeswari Rath
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha O Anusandhan (SOA-DU), Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India.
| | - Soham Chattopadhyay
- Department of Zoology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, Kolkata-700013, West Bengal, India.
| | - Badrah S Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Adel M Abuzenadah
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.
| | - Akash Gautam
- Centre for Neural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834001, India; Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chakrata Road, Jhajra, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- University of Sharjah, College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences.
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6
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Zhang Y, Xie P, Li Y, Chen Z, Shi A. Mechanistic evaluation of the inhibitory effect of four SGLT-2 inhibitors on SGLT 1 and SGLT 2 using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approaches. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1142003. [PMID: 37342592 PMCID: PMC10277867 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1142003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT 2, gliflozins) inhibitors are potent orally active drugs approved for managing type 2 diabetes. SGLT 2 inhibitors exert a glucose-lowering effect by suppressing sodium-glucose co-transporters 1 and 2 in the intestinal and kidney proximal tubules. In this study, we developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model and simulated the concentrations of ertugliflozin, empagliflozin, henagliflozin, and sotagliflozin in target tissues. We used the perfusion-limited model to illustrate the disposition of SGLT 2 inhibitors in vivo. The modeling parameters were obtained from the references. Simulated steady-state plasma concentration-time curves of the ertugliflozin, empagliflozin, henagliflozin, and sotagliflozin are similar to the clinically observed curves. The 90% prediction interval of simulated excretion of drugs in urine captured the observed data well. Furthermore, all corresponding model-predicted pharmacokinetic parameters fell within a 2-fold prediction error. At the approved doses, we estimated the effective concentrations in intestinal and kidney proximal tubules and calculated the inhibition ratio of SGLT transporters to differentiate the relative inhibition capacities of SGLT1 and 2 in each gliflozin. According to simulation results, four SGLT 2 inhibitors can nearly completely inhibit SGLT 2 transporter at the approved dosages. Sotagliflozin exhibited the highest inhibition activity on SGLT1, followed by ertugliflozin, empagliflozin, and henagliflozin, which showed a lower SGLT 1 inhibitory effect. The PBPK model successfully simulates the specific target tissue concentration that cannot be measured directly and quantifies the relative contribution toward SGLT 1 and 2 for each gliflozin.
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7
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Kanvinde S, Deodhar S, Kulkarni TA, Jogdeo CM. Nanotherapeutic Approaches to Treat COVID-19-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. BIOTECH 2023; 12:biotech12020034. [PMID: 37218751 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been significant collaborative efforts over the past three years to develop therapies against COVID-19. During this journey, there has also been a lot of focus on understanding at-risk groups of patients who either have pre-existing conditions or have developed concomitant health conditions due to the impact of COVID-19 on the immune system. There was a high incidence of COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) observed in patients. PF can cause significant morbidity and long-term disability and lead to death in the long run. Additionally, being a progressive disease, PF can also impact the patient for a long time after COVID infection and affect the overall quality of life. Although current therapies are being used as the mainstay for treating PF, there is no therapy specifically for COVID-induced PF. As observed in the treatment of other diseases, nanomedicine can show significant promise in overcoming the limitations of current anti-PF therapies. In this review, we summarize the efforts reported by various groups to develop nanomedicine therapeutics to treat COVID-induced PF. These therapies can potentially offer benefits in terms of targeted drug delivery to lungs, reduced toxicity, and ease of administration. Some of the nanotherapeutic approaches may provide benefits in terms of reduced immunogenicity owing to the tailored biological composition of the carrier as per the patient needs. In this review, we discuss cellular membrane-based nanodecoys, extracellular vesicles such as exosomes, and other nanoparticle-based approaches for potential treatment of COVID-induced PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrey Kanvinde
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Suyash Deodhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Tanmay A Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Chinmay M Jogdeo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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8
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Barton Alston A, Digigow R, Flühmann B, Wacker MG. Putting square pegs in round holes: why traditional pharmacokinetic principles cannot universally be applied to iron-carbohydrate complexes. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023:S0939-6411(23)00113-3. [PMID: 37142131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous iron-carbohydrate complexes are nanomedicines that are commonly used to treat iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia of various etiologies. Many challenges remain regarding these complex drugs in the context of fully understanding their pharmacokinetic parameters. Firstly, the measurement of the intact iron nanoparticles versus endogenous iron concentration fundamentally limits the availability of data for computational modeling. Secondly, the models need to include several parameters to describe the iron metabolism which is not completely defined and those identified (e.g. ferritin) exhibit considerable interpatient variability. Additionally, modeling is further complicated by the lack of traditional receptor/enzyme interactions. The known parameters of bioavailability, distribution, metabolism, and excretion for iron-carbohydrate nanomedicines will be reviewed and future challenges that currently prevent the direct application of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic or other computational modeling techniques will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reinaldo Digigow
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore
| | - Beat Flühmann
- CSL Vifor, Flughofstrasse 61, CH-8152, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore
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9
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Bayer IS. Controlled Drug Release from Nanoengineered Polysaccharides. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051364. [PMID: 37242606 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are naturally occurring complex molecules with exceptional physicochemical properties and bioactivities. They originate from plant, animal, and microbial-based resources and processes and can be chemically modified. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of polysaccharides enable their increased use in nanoscale synthesis and engineering for drug encapsulation and release. This review focuses on sustained drug release studies from nanoscale polysaccharides in the fields of nanotechnology and biomedical sciences. Particular emphasis is placed on drug release kinetics and relevant mathematical models. An effective release model can be used to envision the behavior of specific nanoscale polysaccharide matrices and reduce impending experimental trial and error, saving time and resources. A robust model can also assist in translating from in vitro to in vivo experiments. The main aim of this review is to demonstrate that any study that establishes sustained release from nanoscale polysaccharide matrices should be accompanied by a detailed analysis of drug release kinetics by modeling since sustained release from polysaccharides not only involves diffusion and degradation but also surface erosion, complicated swelling dynamics, crosslinking, and drug-polymer interactions. As such, in the first part, we discuss the classification and role of polysaccharides in various applications and later elaborate on the specific pharmaceutical processes of polysaccharides in ionic gelling, stabilization, cross-linking, grafting, and encapsulation of drugs. We also document several drug release models applied to nanoscale hydrogels, nanofibers, and nanoparticles of polysaccharides and conclude that, at times, more than one model can accurately describe the sustained release profiles, indicating the existence of release mechanisms running in parallel. Finally, we conclude with the future opportunities and advanced applications of nanoengineered polysaccharides and their theranostic aptitudes for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker S Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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10
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Uzhytchak M, Smolková B, Lunova M, Frtús A, Jirsa M, Dejneka A, Lunov O. Lysosomal nanotoxicity: Impact of nanomedicines on lysosomal function. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114828. [PMID: 37075952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Although several nanomedicines got clinical approval over the past two decades, the clinical translation rate is relatively small so far. There are many post-surveillance withdrawals of nanomedicines caused by various safety issues. For successful clinical advancement of nanotechnology, it is of unmet need to realize cellular and molecular foundation of nanotoxicity. Current data suggest that lysosomal dysfunction caused by nanoparticles is emerging as the most common intracellular trigger of nanotoxicity. This review analyzes prospect mechanisms of lysosomal dysfunction-mediated toxicity induced by nanoparticles. We summarized and critically assessed adverse drug reactions of current clinically approved nanomedicines. Importantly, we show that physicochemical properties have great impact on nanoparticles interaction with cells, excretion route and kinetics, and subsequently on toxicity. We analyzed literature on adverse reactions of current nanomedicines and hypothesized that adverse reactions might be linked with lysosomal dysfunction caused by nanomedicines. Finally, from our analysis it becomes clear that it is unjustifiable to generalize safety and toxicity of nanoparticles, since different particles possess distinct toxicological properties. We propose that the biological mechanism of the disease progression and treatment should be central in the optimization of nanoparticle design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Uzhytchak
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Smolková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Lunova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Frtús
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jirsa
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine (IKEM), 14021 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 18221 Prague, Czech Republic.
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11
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T A, Narayan R, Shenoy PA, Nayak UY. Computational modeling for the design and development of nano based drug delivery systems. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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12
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Niosomes: a novel targeted drug delivery system for cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:240. [PMID: 36175809 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, nanotechnology is involved in various fields of science, of which medicine is one of the most obvious. The use of nanoparticles in the process of treating and diagnosing diseases has created a novel way of therapeutic strategies with effective mechanisms of action. Also, due to the remarkable progress of personalized medicine, the effort is to reduce the side effects of treatment paths as much as possible and to provide targeted treatments. Therefore, the targeted delivery of drugs is important in different diseases, especially in patients who receive combined drugs, because the delivery of different drug structures requires different systems so that there is no change in the drug and its effectiveness. Niosomes are polymeric nanoparticles that show favorable characteristics in drug delivery. In addition to biocompatibility and high absorption, these nanoparticles also provide the possibility of reducing the drug dosage and targeting the release of drugs, as well as the delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs by Niosome vesicles. Since various factors such as components, preparation, and optimization methods are effective in the size and formation of niosomal structures, in this review, the characteristics related to niosome vesicles were first examined and then the in silico tools for designing, prediction, and optimization were explained. Finally, anticancer drugs delivered by niosomes were compared and discussed to be a suitable model for designing therapeutic strategies. In this research, it has been tried to examine all the aspects required for drug delivery engineering using niosomes and finally, by presenting clinical examples of the use of these nanocarriers in cancer, its clinical characteristics were also expressed.
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13
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Yu J, Mu Q, Fung M, Xu X, Zhu L, Ho RJY. Challenges and opportunities in metastatic breast cancer treatments: Nano-drug combinations delivered preferentially to metastatic cells may enhance therapeutic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108108. [PMID: 34999182 PMCID: PMC9256851 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in breast cancer treatments and related 5-year survival outcomes, metastatic breast cancer cures remain elusive. The current standard of care includes a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and drug therapy. However, even the most advanced procedures and treatments do not prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. Once metastasis occurs, patient prognosis is poor. Recent elucidation of the spatiotemporal transit of metastatic cancer cells from primary tumor sites to distant sites provide an opportunity to integrate knowledge of drug disposition in our effort to enhance drug localization and exposure in cancer laden tissues . Novel technologies have been developed, but could be further refined to facilitate the distribution of drugs to target cancer cells and tissues. The purpose of this review is to highlight the challenges in metastatic breast cancer treatment and focus on novel drug combination and nanotechnology approaches to overcome the challenges. With improved definition of metastatic tissue target, directed localization and retention of multiple, pharmacologically active drugs to tissues and cells of interest may overcome the limitations in breast cancer treatment that may lead to a cure for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Qingxin Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Millie Fung
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Linxi Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rodney J Y Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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14
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Domingues C, Santos A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Jarak I, Veiga F, Barbosa I, Dourado M, Figueiras A. Where Is Nano Today and Where Is It Headed? A Review of Nanomedicine and the Dilemma of Nanotoxicology. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9994-10041. [PMID: 35729778 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide nanotechnology development and application have fueled many scientific advances, but technophilic expectations and technophobic demands must be counterbalanced in parallel. Some of the burning issues today are the following: (1) Where is nano today? (2) How good are the communication and investment networks between academia/research and governments? (3) Is there any spotlight application for nanotechnology? Nanomedicine is a particular arm of nanotechnology within the healthcare landscape, focused on diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of emerging (such as coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) and contemporary (including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer) diseases. However, it may only represent the bright side of the coin. In fact, in the recent past, the concept of nanotoxicology has emerged to address the dark shadows of nanomedicine. The nanomedicine field requires more nanotoxicological studies to identify undesirable effects and guarantee safety. Here, we provide an overall perspective on nanomedicine and nanotoxicology as central pieces of the giant puzzle of nanotechnology. First, the impact of nanotechnology on education and research is highlighted, followed by market trends and scientific output tendencies. In the next section, the nanomedicine and nanotoxicology dilemma is addressed through the interplay of in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models with the support of omics and microfluidic approaches. Lastly, a reflection on the regulatory issues and clinical trials is provided. Finally, some conclusions and future perspectives are proposed for a clearer and safer translation of nanomedicines from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Domingues
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Santos
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, iMATUS, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, iMATUS, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Barbosa
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Phamaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Health Studies and Research of the University of Coimbra (CEISUC), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Center for Studies and Development of Continuous and Palliative Care (CEDCCP), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Univ. Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Galenic and Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Univ. Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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15
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Naasani I. Establishing the Pharmacokinetics of Genetic Vaccines is Essential for Maximising their Safety and Efficacy. Clin Pharmacokinet 2022; 61:921-927. [PMID: 35821373 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-022-01149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In a typical course of drug development, thorough pharmacokinetic (PK) studies are essential for the determination of drug biodistribution, dosage and efficacy without toxicity. For vaccines, however, unless a new formulation component is used, most regulatory agencies rule out the need for studying the biodistribution of the vaccine antigenic material per se, and only dose-immunogenicity studies are performed. This is because traditional vaccines are meant to directly induce immunogenicity by locally recruiting immunocytes that will carry on with the pursuing immunogenic processes. Thus, the clinical outcome from traditional vaccines is determined mainly by an immunological response phase. Yet, the case is significantly different for the emergent genetic vaccines (vectorised DNA or mRNA vaccines), where the clinical outcome is dependent on a combination of two major response phases: a pharmacological phase that involves biodistribution, assimilation, gene translation and epitope(s) presentation, followed by an immunological phase, which is similar to that of traditional vaccines. From a mathematical perspective, processes involved in drug administration are typically subject to inter- and intra-patient statistical distributions like most physiological processes. Therefore, the clinical outcome after administering genetic vaccines obeys a statistical probability distribution combined of the sum of two major response probability distributions, pharmacological and immunological. This implies that the variance coefficient of the summed response probability distributions has a larger value than the variance of each underlying distribution. In other words, due to the multi-phased mode of action of genetic vaccines, their clinical outcome has more variability than that of traditional vaccines. This observation points toward the necessity for regulating genetic vaccines in a similar manner to bio-therapeutics to ensure better efficacy and safety. A structural PK model is provided to predict the sources of variability, biodistribution and dose optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Naasani
- Gennate, Ltd., 71-75 Shelton Street, London, WC2H9JQ, UK.
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16
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A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to predict pegylated liposomal doxorubicin disposition in rats and human. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2178-2186. [PMID: 35551629 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01175-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) can support an enhancement of drug distribution, resulting in increased drug penetration into key tissues. Experimental in vitro data can be integrated into computational approaches to simulate NP absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) processes and provide quantitative pharmacokinetic predictions. The aim of this study is to develop a novel mechanistic and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (m-PBPK) model to predict the biodistribution of NPs focusing on Doxil. The main processes underpinning NPs ADME were represented considering molecular and cellular mechanisms such as stability in biological fluids, passive permeability and uptake activity by macrophages. A whole-body m-PBPK rat and human models were designed in Simbiology v. 9.6.0 (MATLAB R2019a). The m-PBPK models were successfully qualified across doxorubicin and Doxil® in both rat and human since all PK parameters AUC0-inf, Cmax, t1/2, Vd and Cl were within twofold, with an AUC0-inf absolute average-fold error (AAFE) value of 1.23 and 1.16 and 1.76 and 1.05 for Doxorubicin and Doxil® in rat and human, respectively. The time to maximum concentration in tissues for doxorubicin in both rat and human models was before 30 min of administration, while for Doxil®, the tmax was after 24 h of administration. The organs that accumulate most NP are the spleen, liver and lungs, in both models. The m-PBPK represents a predictive platform for the integration of in vitro and formulation parameters in a physiological context to quantitatively predict the NP biodistribution. Schematic diagram of the whole-body m-PBPK models developed for Doxil® in rat and human physiology.
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17
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Wang W, Ouyang D. Opportunities and challenges of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2100-2120. [PMID: 35452792 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is an important in silico tool to bridge drug properties and in vivo PK behaviors during drug development. Over the recent decade, the PBPK method has been largely applied to drug delivery systems (DDS), including oral, inhaled, transdermal, ophthalmic, and complex injectable products. The related therapeutic agents have included small-molecule drugs, therapeutic proteins, nucleic acids, and even cells. Simulation results have provided important insights into PK behaviors of new dosage forms, which strongly support drug regulation. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent progress in PBPK applications in drug delivery, which shows large opportunities for facilitating drug development. In addition, we discuss the challenges of applying this methodology from a practical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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18
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Villa Nova M, Lin TP, Shanehsazzadeh S, Jain K, Ng SCY, Wacker R, Chichakly K, Wacker MG. Nanomedicine Ex Machina: Between Model-Informed Development and Artificial Intelligence. Front Digit Health 2022; 4:799341. [PMID: 35252958 PMCID: PMC8894322 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2022.799341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, a growing number of computational aids and simulations are shaping model-informed drug development. Artificial intelligence, a family of self-learning algorithms, is only the latest emerging trend applied by academic researchers and the pharmaceutical industry. Nanomedicine successfully conquered several niche markets and offers a wide variety of innovative drug delivery strategies. Still, only a small number of patients benefit from these advanced treatments, and the number of data sources is very limited. As a consequence, “big data” approaches are not always feasible and smart combinations of human and artificial intelligence define the research landscape. These methodologies will potentially transform the future of nanomedicine and define new challenges and limitations of machine learning in their development. In our review, we present an overview of modeling and artificial intelligence applications in the development and manufacture of nanomedicines. Also, we elucidate the role of each method as a facilitator of breakthroughs and highlight important limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Villa Nova
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Tzu Ping Lin
- Wacker Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saeed Shanehsazzadeh
- Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kinjal Jain
- Wacker Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Samuel Cheng Yong Ng
- Wacker Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Matthias G. Wacker
- Wacker Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Matthias G. Wacker
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19
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Merlin JPJ, Li X. Role of Nanotechnology and Their Perspectives in the Treatment of Kidney Diseases. Front Genet 2022; 12:817974. [PMID: 35069707 PMCID: PMC8766413 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.817974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are differing in particle size, charge, shape, and compatibility of targeting ligands, which are linked to improved pharmacologic characteristics, targetability, and bioavailability. Researchers are now tasked with developing a solution for enhanced renal treatment that is free of side effects and delivers the medicine to the active spot. A growing number of nano-based medication delivery devices are being used to treat renal disorders. Kidney disease management and treatment are currently causing a substantial global burden. Renal problems are multistep processes involving the accumulation of a wide range of molecular and genetic alterations that have been related to a variety of kidney diseases. Renal filtration is a key channel for drug elimination in the kidney, as well as a burgeoning topic of nanomedicine. Although the use of nanotechnology in the treatment of renal illnesses is still in its early phases, it offers a lot of potentials. In this review, we summarized the properties of the kidney and characteristics of drug delivery systems, which affect a drug’s ability should focus on the kidney and highlight the possibilities, problems, and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Jose Merlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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20
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Bonnet S, Elfatairi R, Franconi F, Roger E, Legeay S. Organic nanoparticle tracking during pharmacokinetic studies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2539-2536. [PMID: 34814704 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand how nanoparticles (NPs) interact with biological barriers and to ensure they maintain their integrity over time, it is crucial to study their in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles. Many methods of tracking have been used to describe the in vivo fate of NPs and to evaluate their PKs and structural integrity. However, they do not deliver the same level of information and this may cause misinterpretations. Here, the authors review and discuss the different methods for in vivo tracking of organic NPs. Among them, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) presents great potential to track NPs' integrity. However, FRET still requires validated methods to extract and quantify NPs in biological fluids and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bonnet
- Université d'Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, Plate-forme de recherche en imagerie et spectroscopie multi-modales, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Rana Elfatairi
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Florence Franconi
- Université d'Angers, PRISM, SFR ICAT, Plate-forme de recherche en imagerie et spectroscopie multi-modales, Angers F-49000, France.,Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Emilie Roger
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
| | - Samuel Legeay
- Université d'Angers, Inserm, CNRS, MINT, SFR ICAT, Angers F-49000, France
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21
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Souri M, Soltani M, Moradi Kashkooli F, Kiani Shahvandi M. Engineered strategies to enhance tumor penetration of drug-loaded nanoparticles. J Control Release 2021; 341:227-246. [PMID: 34822909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers have been widely employed in preclinical studies and clinical trials for the delivery of anticancer drugs. The most important causes of failure in clinical translation of nanocarriers is their inefficient accumulation and penetration which arises from special characteristics of tumor microenvironment such as insufficient blood supply, dense extracellular matrix, and elevated interstitial fluid pressure. Various strategies such as engineering extracellular matrix, optimizing the physicochemical properties of nanocarriers have been proposed to increase the depth of tumor penetration; however, these strategies have not been very successful so far. Novel strategies such as transformable nanocarriers, transcellular transport of peptide-modified nanocarriers, and bio-inspired carriers have recently been emerged as an advanced generation of drug carriers. In this study, the latest developments of nanocarrier-based drug delivery to solid tumor are presented with their possible limitations. Then, the prospects of advanced drug delivery systems are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Souri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Soltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, ON, Canada; Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CBB), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Advanced Bioengineering Initiative Center, Computational Medicine Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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22
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Recent advances in ophthalmic preparations: Ocular barriers, dosage forms and routes of administration. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121105. [PMID: 34537269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human eye is a complex organ with unique anatomy and physiology that restricts the delivery of drugs to target ocular tissues/sites. Recent advances in the field of pharmacy, biotechnology and material science have led to development of novel ophthalmic dosage forms which can provide sustained drug delivery, reduce dosing frequency and improve the ocular bioavailability of drugs. This review highlights the different anatomical and physiological factors which affect ocular bioavailability of drugs and explores advancements from 2016 to 2020 in various ophthalmic preparations. Different routes of drug administration such as topical, intravitreal, intraocular, juxtascleral, subconjunctival, intracameral and retrobulbar are discussed with their advances and limitations.
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23
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Hao D, Zhang Z, Ji Y. Responsive polymeric drug delivery systems for combination anticancer therapy: experimental design and computational insights. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1960340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dule Hao
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanhui Ji
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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24
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Abstract
The kidneys are vital organs performing several essential functions. Their primary function is the filtration of blood and the removal of metabolic waste products as well as fluid homeostasis. Renal filtration is the main pathway for drug removal, highlighting the importance of this organ to the growing field of nanomedicine. The kidneys (i) have a key role in the transport and clearance of nanoparticles (NPs), (ii) are exposed to potential NPs’ toxicity, and (iii) are the targets of diseases that nanomedicine can study, detect, and treat. In this review, we aim to summarize the latest research on kidney-nanoparticle interaction. We first give a brief overview of the kidney’s anatomy and renal filtration, describe how nanoparticle characteristics influence their renal clearance, and the approaches taken to image and treat the kidney, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. Finally, we discuss the future and some of the challenges faced by nanomedicine.
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25
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Johnston ST, Faria M, Crampin EJ. Understanding nano-engineered particle-cell interactions: biological insights from mathematical models. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2139-2156. [PMID: 36133772 PMCID: PMC9417320 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between nano-engineered particles and cells is necessary for the rational design of particles for therapeutic, diagnostic and imaging purposes. In particular, the informed design of particles relies on the quantification of the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the particles and the rate at which cells interact with, and subsequently internalise, particles. Quantitative models, both mathematical and computational, provide a powerful tool for elucidating this relationship, as well as for understanding the mechanisms governing the intertwined processes of interaction and internalisation. Here we review the different types of mathematical and computational models that have been used to examine particle-cell interactions and particle internalisation. We detail the mathematical methodology for each type of model, the benefits and limitations associated with the different types of models, and highlight the advances in understanding gleaned from the application of these models to experimental observations of particle internalisation. We discuss the recent proposal and ongoing community adoption of standardised experimental reporting, and how this adoption is an important step toward unlocking the full potential of modelling approaches. Finally, we consider future directions in quantitative models of particle-cell interactions and highlight the need for hybrid experimental and theoretical investigations to address hitherto unanswered questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart T Johnston
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Matthew Faria
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Edmund J Crampin
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Melbourne School of Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria 3010 Australia
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26
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Pedziwiatr-Werbicka E, Horodecka K, Shcharbin D, Bryszewska M. Nanoparticles in Combating Cancer: Opportunities and Limitations. A Brief Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:346-359. [PMID: 32000637 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200130101605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is a good alternative to traditional methods of cancer treatment but does not solve all the limitations of oncology. Nanoparticles used in anticancer therapy can work as carriers of drugs, nucleic acids, imaging agents or they can sensitize cells to radiation. The present review focuses on the application of nanoparticles to treating cancer, as well as on its problems and limitations. Using nanoparticles as drug carriers, significant improvement in the efficiency of transport of compounds and their targeting directly to the tumour has been achieved; it also reduces the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on the body. However, nanoparticles do not significantly improve the effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic agent itself. Most nanodrugs can reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy, but do not significantly affect the effectiveness of treatment. Nanodrugs should be developed that can be effective as an anti-metastatic treatment, e.g. by enhancing the ability of nanoparticles to transport chemotherapeutic loads to sentinel lymph nodes using the immune system and developing chemotherapy in specific metastatic areas. Gene therapy, however, is the most modern method of treating cancer, the cause of cancer being tackled by altering genetic material. Other applications of nanoparticles for radiotherapy and diagnostics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Pedziwiatr-Werbicka
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Experimental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Horodecka
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Experimental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of NASB, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Experimental Protection, Department of General Biophysics, Lodz, Poland
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27
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Piscatelli JA, Ban J, Lucas AT, Zamboni WC. Complex Factors and Challenges that Affect the Pharmacology, Safety and Efficacy of Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:114. [PMID: 33477395 PMCID: PMC7830329 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major developments in nanomedicines, such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanosomes, and conjugates, have revolutionized drug delivery capabilities over the past four decades. Although nanocarrier agents provide numerous advantages (e.g., greater solubility and duration of systemic exposure) compared to their small-molecule counterparts, there is considerable inter-patient variability seen in the systemic disposition, tumor delivery and overall pharmacological effects (i.e., anti-tumor efficacy and unwanted toxicity) of NP agents. This review aims to provide a summary of fundamental factors that affect the disposition of NPs in the treatment of cancer and why they should be evaluated during preclinical and clinical development. Furthermore, this chapter will highlight some of the translational challenges associated with elements of NPs and how these issues can only be addressed by detailed and novel pharmacology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Piscatelli
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
| | - Jisun Ban
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
| | - Andrew T. Lucas
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - William C. Zamboni
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (J.A.P.); (J.B.); (W.C.Z.)
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carolina Center of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Sahai N, Gogoi M, Ahmad N. Mathematical Modeling and Simulations for Developing Nanoparticle-Based Cancer Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-020-00219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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García-Álvarez F, Martínez-García M. Dendrimer Porphyrins: Applications in Nanomedicine. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201026203527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine is a fascinating field of multidisciplinary study focused on developing
techniques that fight various diseases using nanoparticles. Among the various nanoparticles
used in nanomedicine, dendrimers have received increasing interest in recent years because
of the versatility that their structural characteristics give them. Specifically, dendrimer
porphyrins are compounds that incorporate macro heterocyclic-aromatic units within the dendritic
architecture and exhibit interesting photodynamic properties that are used to combat
various diseases using non-invasive methods. In the past 17 years, few studies of the application
of dendrimer porphyrins in nanomedicine have been published. This review focuses on
presenting recent studies of dendrimer porphyrins with possible applications in the field of
nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Álvarez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
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30
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Cottura N, Howarth A, Rajoli RKR, Siccardi M. The Current Landscape of Novel Formulations and the Role of Mathematical Modeling in Their Development. J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 60 Suppl 1:S77-S97. [PMID: 33205431 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery is an integral part of the drug development process, influencing safety and efficacy of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The application of nanotechnology has enabled the discovery of novel formulations for numerous therapeutic purposes across multiple disease areas. However, evaluation of novel formulations in clinical scenarios is slow and hampered due to various ethical and logistical barriers. Computational models have the ability to integrate existing domain knowledge and mathematical correlations, to rationalize the feasibility of using novel formulations for safely enhancing drug delivery, identifying suitable candidates, and reducing the burden on preclinical and clinical studies. In this review, types of novel formulations and their application through several routes of administration and the use of modeling approaches that can find application in different stages of the novel formulation development process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Cottura
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alice Howarth
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rajith K R Rajoli
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marco Siccardi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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31
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Therapeutic Apheresis, Circulating PLD, and Mucocutaneous Toxicity: Our Clinical Experience through Four Years. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100940. [PMID: 33008072 PMCID: PMC7600532 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment has been greatly improved by the combined use of targeted therapies and novel biotechnological methods. Regarding the former, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) has a preferential accumulation within cancer tumors, thus having lower toxicity on healthy cells. PLD has been implemented in the targeted treatment of sarcoma, ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. In comparison with conventional doxorubicin, PLD has lower cardiotoxicity and hematotoxicity; however, PLD can induce mucositis and palmo-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE, hand-foot syndrome), which limits its use. Therapeutical apheresis is a clinically proven solution against early PLD toxicity without hindering the efficacy of the treatment. The present review summarizes the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PLD and the beneficial effects of extracorporeal apheresis on the incidence of PPE during chemoradiotherapy in cancer patients.
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32
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Zou H, Banerjee P, Leung SSY, Yan X. Application of Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Drug Delivery: Development and Challenges. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:997. [PMID: 32719604 PMCID: PMC7348046 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advancement of technology, drug delivery systems and molecules with more complex architecture are developed. As a result, the drug absorption and disposition processes after administration of these drug delivery systems and engineered molecules become exceedingly complex. As the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modeling allows for the separation of the drug-, carrier- and pharmacological system-specific parameters, it has been widely used to improve understanding of the in vivo behavior of these complex delivery systems and help their development. In this review, we summarized the basic PK-PD modeling theory in drug delivery and demonstrated how it had been applied to help the development of new delivery systems and modified large molecules. The linkage between PK and PD was highlighted. In particular, we exemplified the application of PK-PD modeling in the development of extended-release formulations, liposomal drugs, modified proteins, and antibody-drug conjugates. Furthermore, the model-based simulation using primary PD models for direct and indirect PD responses was conducted to explain the assertion of hypothetical minimal effective concentration or threshold in the exposure-response relationship of many drugs and its misconception. The limitations and challenges of the mechanism-based PK-PD model were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixi Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Parikshit Banerjee
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sharon Shui Yee Leung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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33
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Ng TS, Garlin MA, Weissleder R, Miller MA. Improving nanotherapy delivery and action through image-guided systems pharmacology. Theranostics 2020; 10:968-997. [PMID: 31938046 PMCID: PMC6956809 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the translation of therapeutic nanoparticles (TNPs) into the clinic, the field continues to face challenges in predictably and selectively delivering nanomaterials for the treatment of solid cancers. The concept of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) has been coined as a convenient but simplistic descriptor of high TNP accumulation in some tumors. However, in practice EPR represents a number of physiological variables rather than a single one (including dysfunctional vasculature, compromised lymphatics and recruited host cells, among other aspects of the tumor microenvironment) — each of which can be highly heterogenous within a given tumor, patient and across patients. Therefore, a clear need exists to dissect the specific biophysical factors underlying the EPR effect, to formulate better TNP designs, and to identify patients with high-EPR tumors who are likely to respond to TNP. The overall pharmacology of TNP is governed by an interconnected set of spatially defined and dynamic processes that benefit from a systems-level quantitative approach, and insights into the physiology have profited from the marriage between in vivo imaging and quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) methodologies. In this article, we review recent developments pertinent to image-guided systems pharmacology of nanomedicines in oncology. We first discuss recent developments of quantitative imaging technologies that enable analysis of nanomaterial pharmacology at multiple spatiotemporal scales, and then examine reports that have adopted these imaging technologies to guide QSP approaches. In particular, we focus on studies that have integrated multi-scale imaging with computational modeling to derive insights about the EPR effect, as well as studies that have used modeling to guide the manipulation of the EPR effect and other aspects of the tumor microenvironment for improving TNP action. We anticipate that the synergistic combination of imaging with systems-level computational methods for effective clinical translation of TNPs will only grow in relevance as technologies increase in resolution, multiplexing capability, and in the ability to examine heterogeneous behaviors at the single-cell level.
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Mukker JK, Singh RSP. Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Nano-formulations: Concept, Implementation and Challenges. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5175-5180. [PMID: 30706804 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190130141310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The properties of nanoparticles can be exploited to overcome challenges in drug delivery. By virtue of its design and size, the pharmacokinetics of nanoparticles are different than other small molecules. Modeling and simulation techniques have great potential to be used in nanoformulation development; however, their use in optimization of nanoformulation is very limited. This review highlights the differences in absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) characteristics of nanoparticles, use of modeling and simulation techniques in nanoformulation development and challenges in the implementation of modeling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Kaur Mukker
- Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer-Ingelheim Pharmaceutical, Inc. Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
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35
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Hauser M, Nowack B. Meta-Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Studies of Nanobiomaterials for the Prediction of Excretion Depending on Particle Characteristics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:405. [PMID: 31921810 PMCID: PMC6927930 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth in development and use of nanobiomaterials (NBMs) has raised questions regarding their possible distribution in the environment. Because most NBMs are not yet available on the market and exposure monitoring is thus not possible, prospective exposure modeling is the method of choice to get information on their future environmental exposure. An important input for such models is the fraction of the NBM excreted after their application to humans. The aim of this study was to analyze the current literature on excretion of NBMs using a meta-analysis. Published pharmacokinetic data from in vivo animal experiments was collected and compiled in a database, including information on the material characteristics. An evaluation of the data showed that there is no correlation between the excretion (in % of injected dose, ID) and the material type, the dose, the zeta potential or the size of the particles. However, the excretion is dependent on the type of administration with orally administered NBMs being excreted to a larger extent than intravenously administered ones. A statistically significant difference was found for IV vs. oral and oral vs. inhalation. The database provided by this work can be used for future studies to parameterize the transfer of NBMs from humans to wastewater. Generic probability distributions of excretion for oral and IV-administration are provided to enable excretion modeling of NBMs without data for a specific NBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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36
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Perez J, Cifuentes J, Cuellar M, Suarez-Arnedo A, Cruz JC, Muñoz-Camargo C. Cell-Penetrating And Antibacterial BUF-II Nanobioconjugates: Enhanced Potency Via Immobilization On Polyetheramine-Modified Magnetite Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8483-8497. [PMID: 31695376 PMCID: PMC6817350 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s224286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Controlled delivery of therapeutic molecules in a localized manner has become an area of interest due to its potential to reduce drug exposure to healthy tissues and consequently to minimize undesirable side effects. We have recently introduced novel cell-penetrating vehicles by immobilizing the antimicrobial peptide Buforin II (BUF-II) on magnetite nanoparticles (MPNPs). Despite the potent translocating abilities of such nanobioconjugates, they failed to preserve the antimicrobial activity of native BUF-II. In this work, we explored immobilization on MNPs with the aid of polymer surface spacers, which has been considered as an attractive alternative for the highly efficient conjugation of various biomolecules. Methods Here, we immobilized BUF-II on polyetheramine-modified magnetite nanoparticles to preserve its structural integrity. As a result, for the obtained nanobioconjugates the lost antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was only 50% with respect to the native BUF-II. The nanobioconjugates were also characterized via FTIR, DLS, TEM, and TGA. Delivery on THP-1, HaCaT, HFF, and Escherichia coli cells was conducted to confirm capability for cell membrane translocation. Results Colocalization with Lysotracker showed an endosomal escape efficiency of about 73∓12% in THP-1 cells. Avoidance of endocytic pathways of internalization was qualitatively confirmed by a delivery assay at low temperature. Nuclear penetration of the nanobioconjugates was corroborated via confocal microscopy and showed high biocompatibility as demonstrated by hemolysis levels below 5% and acute cytotoxicity of around 15%. Conclusion The obtained nanobioconjugates were capable of translocating the cell membrane and nuclei of different normal and cancerous cell lines without significantly decreasing viability. This makes the vehicle addressable for a number of applications ranging from antimicrobial topical treatments to the delivery of nucleotides and therapeutic molecules with difficulties to bypass cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Perez
- GINIB Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Javier Cifuentes
- GINIB Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Monica Cuellar
- GINIB Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Suarez-Arnedo
- GINIB Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan C Cruz
- GINIB Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Camargo
- GINIB Research Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Onyeabor F, Paik A, Kovvasu S, Ding B, Lin J, Wahid MA, Prabhu S, Betageri G, Wang J. Optimization of Preparation and Preclinical Pharmacokinetics of Celastrol-Encapsulated Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles in the Rat. Molecules 2019; 24:E3271. [PMID: 31500392 PMCID: PMC6767603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol (CL), a bioactive compound isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii, has demonstrated bioactivities against a variety of diseases including cancer and obesity. However, its poor water solubility and rapid in vivo clearance limit its clinical applications. To overcome these limitations, nanotechnology has been employed to improve its pharmacokinetic properties. Nanoparticles made of biological materials offer minimal adverse effects while maintaining the efficacy of encapsulated therapeutics. Silk fibroin (SF) solution was prepared successfully by extraction from the cocoons of silkworms, and a final concentration of 2 mg/mL SF solution was used for the preparation of CL-loaded SF nanoparticles (CL-SFNP) by the desolvation method. A stirring speed of 750 rpm and storage time of 20 h at -20 °C resulted in optimized product yield. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the analysis of CL in rat plasma in terms of selectivity, linearity, intra-/inter-day precision and accuracy, and recovery. No interference was observed in rat plasma. Linearity in the concentration range of 0.05-5 µg/mL was observed with R2 of 0.999. Precision and accuracy values were below the limit of acceptance criteria, i.e., 15% for quality control (QC) samples and 20% for lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) samples. Rats were given intravenous (IV) administration of 1 mg/kg of pure CL in PEG 300 solution or CL-SFNP. The pharmacokinetic profile was improved with CL-SFNP compared to pure CL. Pure CL resulted in a maximum concentration (Cmax) value of 0.17 µg mL-1 at 5 min following administration, whereas that for CL-SFNP was 0.87 µg mL-1 and the extrapolated initial concentrations (C0) were 0.25 and 1.09 µg mL-1, respectively, for pure CL and CL-SFNP. A 2.4-fold increase in total area under the curve (AUC0-inf) (µg h mL-1) was observed with CL-SFNP when compared with pure CL. CL-SFNP demonstrated longer mean residence time (MRT; 0.67 h) than pure CL (0.26 h). In conclusion, the preparation of CL-SFNP was optimized and the formulation demonstrated improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to CL in solution following IV administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Onyeabor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Amy Paik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Surya Kovvasu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
| | - Baoyue Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Jelissa Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Md Arif Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Sunil Prabhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Guru Betageri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
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38
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Simpson JD, Smith SA, Thurecht KJ, Such G. Engineered Polymeric Materials for Biological Applications: Overcoming Challenges of the Bio-Nano Interface. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1441. [PMID: 31480780 PMCID: PMC6780590 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine has generated significant interest as an alternative to conventional cancertherapy due to the ability for nanoparticles to tune cargo release. However, while nanoparticletechnology has promised significant benefit, there are still limited examples of nanoparticles inclinical practice. The low translational success of nanoparticle research is due to the series ofbiological roadblocks that nanoparticles must migrate to be effective, including blood and plasmainteractions, clearance, extravasation, and tumor penetration, through to cellular targeting,internalization, and endosomal escape. It is important to consider these roadblocks holistically inorder to design more effective delivery systems. This perspective will discuss how nanoparticlescan be designed to migrate each of these biological challenges and thus improve nanoparticledelivery systems in the future. In this review, we have limited the literature discussed to studiesinvestigating the impact of polymer nanoparticle structure or composition on therapeutic deliveryand associated advancements. The focus of this review is to highlight the impact of nanoparticlecharacteristics on the interaction with different biological barriers. More specific studies/reviewshave been referenced where possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Simpson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, the University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Samuel A Smith
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, the University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Georgina Such
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia;
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Glassman PM, Muzykantov VR. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Drug Delivery Systems. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:570-580. [PMID: 30837281 PMCID: PMC6806371 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.257113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of drug delivery systems (DDS) is an attractive approach to facilitate uptake of therapeutic agents at the desired site of action, particularly when free drug has poor pharmacokinetics/biodistribution (PK/BD) or significant off-site toxicities. Successful translation of DDS into the clinic is dependent on a thorough understanding of the in vivo behavior of the carrier, which has, for the most part, been an elusive goal. This is, at least in part, due to significant differences in the mechanisms controlling pharmacokinetics for classic drugs and DDSs. In this review, we summarize the key physiologic mechanisms controlling the in vivo behavior of DDS, compare and contrast this with classic drugs, and describe engineering strategies designed to improve DDS PK/BD. In addition, we describe quantitative approaches that could be useful for describing PK/BD of DDS, as well as critical steps between tissue uptake and pharmacologic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Glassman
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Jablonka L, Ashtikar M, Gao G, Jung F, Thurn M, Preuß A, Scheglmann D, Albrecht V, Röder B, Wacker MG. Advanced in silico modeling explains pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of temoporfin nanocrystals in humans. J Control Release 2019; 308:57-70. [PMID: 31247282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Foscan®, a formulation comprising temoporfin dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and propylene glycol, has been approved in Europe for palliative photodynamic therapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. During clinical and preclinical studies it was observed that considering the administration route, the drug presents a rather atypical plasma profile as plasma concentration peaks delayed. Possible explanations, as for example the formation of a drug depot or aggregation after intravenous administration, are discussed in current literature. In the present study an advanced in silico model was developed and evaluated for the detailed description of Foscan® pharmacokinetics. Therefore, in vitro release data obtained from experiments with the dispersion releaser technology investigating dissolution pressures of various release media on the drug as well as in vivo data obtained from a clinical study were included into the in silico models. Furthermore, precipitation experiments were performed in presence of biorelevant media and precipitates were analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Size analysis and particle fraction were also incorporated in this model and a sensitivity analysis was performed. An optimal description of the in vivo situation based on in vitro release and particle characterization data was achieved, as demonstrated by an absolute average fold error of 1.21. This in vitro-in vivo correlation provides an explanation for the pharmacokinetics of Foscan® in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jablonka
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Mukul Ashtikar
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Ge Gao
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Fabian Jung
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Manuela Thurn
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Annegret Preuß
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Volker Albrecht
- Biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Beate Röder
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore.
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41
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Rawal S, Patel MM. Threatening cancer with nanoparticle aided combination oncotherapy. J Control Release 2019; 301:76-109. [PMID: 30890445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Employing combination therapy has become obligatory in cancer cases exhibiting high tumor load, chemoresistant tumor population, and advanced disease stages. Realization of this fact has now led many of the combination oncotherapies to become an integral part of anticancer regimens. Combination oncotherapy may encompass a combination of anticancer agents belonging to a similar therapeutic category or that of different therapeutic categories (e.g. chemotherapy + gene therapy). Differences in the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution pattern of different payloads are the major constraints that are faced by combination chemotherapy. Concordant efforts in the field of nanotechnology and oncology have emerged with several approaches to solve the major issues encountered by combination therapy. Unique colloidal behaviors of various types of nanoparticles and differential targeting strategies have accorded an unprecedented ability to optimize combination oncotherapeutic delivery. Nanocarrier based delivery of the various types of payloads such as chemotherapeutic agents and other anticancer therapeutics such as small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA), chemosensitizers, radiosensitizers, and antiangiogenic agents have been addressed in the present review. Various nano-delivery systems like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, polymerosomes, dendrimers, micelles, lipid based nanoparticles, prodrug based nanocarriers, polymer-drug conjugates, polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, nanosponges, supramolecular nanocarriers and inorganic nanoparticles (gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous silica based nanoparticles) that have been extensively explored for the formulation of multidrug delivery is an imperative part of discussion in the review. The present review features the outweighing benefits of combination therapy over mono-oncotherapy and discusses several existent nanoformulation strategies that facilitate a successful combination oncotherapy. Several obstacles that may impede in transforming nanotechnology-based combination oncotherapy from bench to bedside, and challenges associated therein have also been discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Mayur M Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, SG Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India.
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Sousa AA. Impact of soft protein interactions on the excretion, extent of receptor occupancy and tumor accumulation of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles: a compartmental model simulation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26927-26941. [PMID: 35528561 PMCID: PMC9070572 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04718b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasmall metal nanoparticles (NPs) are next-generation nano-based platforms for in vivo disease diagnosis and treatment. Due to their small size below the kidney filtration threshold and marked resistance to nonspecific serum protein adsorption, ultrasmall NPs can be rapidly excreted through the kidneys and escape liver uptake. However, although ultrasmall particles may be deemed highly resistant to protein adsorption, the real extent of this resistance is not known. Here, a simple compartmental model simulation was therefore implemented to understand how NP behavior in vivo could be modulated by soft, transient NP–plasma protein interactions characterized by dissociation constants in the millimolar range. In Model 1, ultrasmall NPs functionalized with a targeting probe, plasma proteins and target receptors were assumed to co-exist within a single compartment. Simulations were performed to understand the synergistic effect of soft interactions, systemic clearance and NP size on receptor occupancy in the single compartment. The results revealed the existence of a narrow range of ultraweak affinities and optimal particle sizes leading to greater target occupancy. In Model 2, simulations were performed to understand the impact of soft interactions on NP accumulation into a peripheral (tumor) compartment. The results revealed that soft interactions – but not active targeting – enhanced tumor uptake levels when tumor accumulation was limited by ‘fast’ plasma clearance and ‘slow’ vascular extravasation. The simple model presented here provides a basic framework to quantitatively understand the blood and tumor pharmacokinetics of ultrasmall NPs under the influence of transient protein interactions. A compartmental model simulation shows that the blood and tumor pharmacokinetics of ultrasmall metal nanoparticles can be modulated by soft interactions with plasma proteins.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alioscka A. Sousa
- Department of Biochemistry
- Federal University of São Paulo
- São Paulo
- Brazil
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Synergic Activity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Growth of Nanocurcumin-Encapsulated and Cisplatin-Complexed Nanogels. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123347. [PMID: 30567316 PMCID: PMC6321001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanogel-based systems loaded with single anticancer drugs display miscellaneous effectiveness in tumor remission, gradually circumventing mutation and resistance in chemotherapy. Hence, the existence of dual-drug delivered nano-sized systems has been contemporaneous with drug development and preceded the conventional-dose chemotherapy. Among outstanding synergistic drug nanoplatforms, thermosensitive copolymer heparin-Pluronic F127 (Hep-F127) co-delivering cisplatin (CDDP) and curcumins (Cur) (Hep-F127/CDDP/Cur) has emerged as a notable candidate for temperature-responsive drug delivery. The procedure was based on the entrapment of curcumin into the hydrophobic core of bio-degradable co-polymer Hep-F127 while the hydrophilic drug CDDP subsequently conjugated to the backbone heparin to form the core-shell structure. The copolymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), to corroborate the successful synthesis and via HPLC along with AES-ICP to evaluate the high drug loading along with a controllable release from the nano-gels. A well-defined nano-shell with size in the 129.3 ± 3.8 nm size range could enhance higher the efficacy of the conjugated-CDDP to Hep-F127 than that of single doses. Moreover, the considerable amount of dual-drug released from thermosensitive nanogels between different conditions (pH = 7.4 and pH = 5.5) in comparison to CDDP from Hep-F127 partially indicated the significantly anti-proliferative ability of Hep-F127/CDDP/Cur to the MCF-7 cell line. Remarkably, drug testing in a xenograft model elucidates the intricate synergism of co-delivery in suppressing tumor growth, which remedies some of the problems affecting in cancer chemotherapy.
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Kigen G, Edwards G. Enhancement of saquinavir absorption and accumulation through the formation of solid drug nanoparticles. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 19:79. [PMID: 30509316 PMCID: PMC6278041 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nanotechnology is now considered a promising drug delivery method for orally administered hydrophobic drugs to their sites of action. The effect of nanodispersion on cellular transport and accumulation of saquinavir (SQV) was investigated. Methods The transport of five solid drug nanoparticle (SDN) SQV formulations along Caco-2 cell monolayers (CCM) was compared to that of standard SQV. The SDNs were prepared using SQV mesylate (20%), Pluronic F127 (10%) plus five other excipients (HPMC, PVP, PVA, Lecithin S75 and Span 80) in different proportions. Cellular accumulation in CEM parental and CEMVBL (P-gp overexpressing) cells was conducted to ascertain the effect of nanodispersion on P-gp mediated efflux of SQV. All SDN formulations were dissolved in water, whereas SQV in DMSO to improve solubility. Quantification was via HPLC. Results From transport results, an SDN sample composed of SQV mesylate/Pluronic F127 plus HPMC (70%) and had a 24% increase in apparent absorption compared to standard SQV, largely driven by a 38% reduction in basolateral to apical permeation. Additionally, the formulation and two others (SQV mesylate/Pluronic F127 alone; and + HPMC (65%)/Lecithin [5%]) accumulated more significantly in CEM cells, suggesting enhanced delivery to these cells. Moreover, accumulation and transport of the three SDNs compared well to that of SQV despite being dissolved in water, suggestive of improved dissolution. The inclusion of PVA resulted in increased efflux. Conclusion The use of HPMC and Pluronic F127 produced SQV SDNs with improved permeation in Caco-2 cells and improved accumulation in CEM cells, but negative effects with PVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Kigen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Moi University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 4606, Eldoret, 30100, Kenya. .,Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.
| | - Geoffrey Edwards
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
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Moss DM, Curley P, Kinvig H, Hoskins C, Owen A. The biological challenges and pharmacological opportunities of orally administered nanomedicine delivery. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12:223-236. [PMID: 29088978 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1399794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nano-scale formulations are being developed to improve the delivery of orally administered medicines, and the interactions between nanoformulations and the gastrointestinal luminal, mucosal and epithelial environment is currently being investigated. The mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract is capable of trapping and eliminating large particles and pathogens as part of the natural defences of the body, it is becoming clearer that nanoformulation properties such as particle size, charge, and shape, as well as mucous properties such as viscoelasticity, thickness, density, and turn-over time are all relevant to these interactions. However, progress has been slow to utilise this information to produce effective mucous-penetrating particles. Areas covered: This review focuses on delivery method of nanomedicines both into and across the gastrointestinal mucosal surface, and aims to summarise the biological barriers that exist to successful oral nanomedicine delivery and how these barriers may be investigated and overcome. Expert commentary: Despite successes in the laboratory, no nanotechnology-enabled products are currently in clinical use which either specifically target the intestinal mucous surface or cross the epithelial barrier intact. New nanomedicine-based treatments of local diseases (intestinal cancer, inflammation, infection) and systemic diseases are advancing towards clinical use, and offer genuine opportunities to improve therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Michael Moss
- a School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Keele University , Keele , UK
| | - Paul Curley
- b Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Hannah Kinvig
- b Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Clare Hoskins
- a School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Keele University , Keele , UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- b Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
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Griffin S, Masood MI, Nasim MJ, Sarfraz M, Ebokaiwe AP, Schäfer KH, Keck CM, Jacob C. Natural Nanoparticles: A Particular Matter Inspired by Nature. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 7:antiox7010003. [PMID: 29286304 PMCID: PMC5789313 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last couple of decades, the rapidly advancing field of nanotechnology has produced a wide palette of nanomaterials, most of which are considered as “synthetic” and, among the wider public, are often met with a certain suspicion. Despite the technological sophistication behind many of these materials, “nano” does not always equate with “artificial”. Indeed, nature itself is an excellent nanotechnologist. It provides us with a range of fine particles, from inorganic ash, soot, sulfur and mineral particles found in the air or in wells, to sulfur and selenium nanoparticles produced by many bacteria and yeasts. These nanomaterials are entirely natural, and, not surprisingly, there is a growing interest in the development of natural nanoproducts, for instance in the emerging fields of phyto- and phyco-nanotechnology. This review will highlight some of the most recent—and sometimes unexpected—advances in this exciting and diverse field of research and development. Naturally occurring nanomaterials, artificially produced nanomaterials of natural products as well as naturally occurring or produced nanomaterials of natural products all show their own, particular chemical and physical properties, biological activities and promise for applications, especially in the fields of medicine, nutrition, cosmetics and agriculture. In the future, such natural nanoparticles will not only stimulate research and add a greener outlook to a traditionally high-tech field, they will also provide solutions—pardon—suspensions for a range of problems. Here, we may anticipate specific biogenic factories, valuable new materials based on waste, the effective removal of contaminants as part of nano-bioremediation, and the conversion of poorly soluble substances and materials to biologically available forms for practical uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharoon Griffin
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Masood
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibruecken, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
| | - Muhammad Sarfraz
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
| | - Azubuike Peter Ebokaiwe
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, 482131 Ndufu-Alike, Nigeria.
| | - Karl-Herbert Schäfer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, 66482 Zweibruecken, Germany.
| | - Cornelia M Keck
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University of Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Arrue L, Ratjen L. Internal Targeting and External Control: Phototriggered Targeting in Nanomedicine. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1908-1916. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Arrue
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB); Universidad Andres Bello; Av. Republica 239 Santiago Chile
| | - Lars Ratjen
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB); Universidad Andres Bello; Av. Republica 239 Santiago Chile
- Fundación Fraunhofer Chile Research; Mariano Sánchez Fontecilla 310, Piso 14, Las Condes Santiago Chile
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Tan SF, Kirby BP, Stanslas J, Basri HB. Characterisation, in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation of valproic acid-loaded nanoemulsion for improved brain bioavailability. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1447-1457. [PMID: 28809443 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate the potential of formulated valproic acid-encapsulated nanoemulsion (VANE) to improve the brain bioavailability of valproic acid (VPA). METHODS Valproic acid-encapsulated nanoemulsions were formulated and physically characterised (osmolarity, viscosity, drug content, drug encapsulation efficiency). Further investigations were also conducted to estimate the drug release, cytotoxic profile, in-vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, pharmacokinetic parameter and the concentration of VPA and VANE in blood and brain. KEY FINDINGS Physical characterisation confirmed that VANE was suitable for parenteral administration. Formulating VPA into nanoemulsion significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of VPA. In-vitro drug permeation suggested that VANEs crossed the BBB as freely as VPA. Pharmacokinetic parameters of VANE-treated rats in plasma and brain showed F3 VANE had a remarkable improvement in AUC, prolongation of half-life and reduction in clearance compared to VPA. Given the same extent of in-vitro BBB permeation of VPA and VANE, the higher bioavailability of VANE in brain was believed to have due to higher concentration of VANE in blood. The brain bioavailability of VPA was improved by prolonging the half-life of VPA by encapsulating it within the nanoemulsion-T80. CONCLUSIONS Nanoemulsion containing VPA has alleviated the cytotoxic effect of VPA and improved the plasma and brain bioavailability for parenteral delivery of VPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Fei Tan
- Neuroscience Cluster, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Brian P Kirby
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Pharmacotherapeutic Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidon Bin Basri
- Neuroscience Cluster, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kwarteng A, Ahuno ST, Kwakye-Nuako G. The therapeutic landscape of HIV-1 via genome editing. AIDS Res Ther 2017; 14:32. [PMID: 28705213 PMCID: PMC5513397 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-017-0157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatment for HIV-1 largely relies on chemotherapy through the administration of antiretroviral drugs. While the search for anti-HIV-1 vaccine remain elusive, the use of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) have been far-reaching and has changed HIV-1 into a manageable chronic infection. There is compelling evidence, including several side-effects of ARTs, suggesting that eradication of HIV-1 cannot depend solely on antiretrovirals. Gene therapy, an expanding treatment strategy, using RNA interference (RNAi) and programmable nucleases such as meganuclease, zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas9) are transforming the therapeutic landscape of HIV-1. TALENS and ZFNS are structurally similar modular systems, which consist of a FokI endonuclease fused to custom-designed effector proteins but have been largely limited, particularly ZFNs, due to their complexity and cost of protein engineering. However, the newly developed CRISPR-Cas9 system, consists of a single guide RNA (sgRNA), which directs a Cas9 endonuclease to complementary target sites, and serves as a superior alternative to the previous protein-based systems. The techniques have been successfully applied to the development of better HIV-1 models, generation of protective mutations in endogenous/host cells, disruption of HIV-1 genomes and even reactivating latent viruses for better detection and clearance by host immune response. Here, we focus on gene editing-based HIV-1 treatment and research in addition to providing perspectives for refining these techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kwarteng
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Samuel Terkper Ahuno
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), PMB, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Godwin Kwakye-Nuako
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Parameters Affecting the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect: The Need for Patient Selection. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:3179-3187. [PMID: 28669714 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect constitutes the rationale by which nanotechnologies selectively target drugs to tumors. Despite promising preclinical and clinical results, these technologies have, in our view, underachieved compared to their potential, possibly due to a suboptimal exploitation of the EPR effect. Here, we have systematically analyzed clinical data to identify key parameters affecting the extent of the EPR effect. An analysis of 17 clinical studies showed that the magnitude of the EPR effect was varied and was influenced by tumor type and size. Pancreatic, colon, breast, and stomach cancers showed the highest levels of accumulation of nanomedicines. Tumor size also had an effect on the accumulation of nanomedicines, with large-size tumors having higher accumulation than both medium- and very large-sized tumors. However, medium tumors had the highest percentage of cases (100% of patients) with evidence of the EPR effect. Moreover, tumor perfusion, angiogenesis, inflammation in tumor tissues, and other factors also emerged as additional parameters that might affect the accumulation of nanomedicines into tumors. At the end of the commentary, we propose 2 strategies for identification of suitable patient subpopulations, with respect to the EPR effect, in order to maximize therapeutic outcome.
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