1
|
Aruwa CE, Sabiu S. Adipose tissue inflammation linked to obesity: A review of current understanding, therapies and relevance of phyto-therapeutics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23114. [PMID: 38163110 PMCID: PMC10755291 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a current global challenge affecting all ages and is characterized by the up-regulated secretion of bioactive factors/pathways which result in adipose tissue inflammation (ATI). Current obesity therapies are mainly focused on lifestyle (diet/nutrition) changes. This is because many chemosynthetic anti-obesogenic medications cause adverse effects like diarrhoea, dyspepsia, and faecal incontinence, among others. As such, it is necessary to appraise the efficacies and mechanisms of action of safer, natural alternatives like plant-sourced compounds, extracts [extractable phenol (EP) and macromolecular antioxidant (MA) extracts], and anti-inflammatory peptides, among others, with a view to providing a unique approach to obesity care. These natural alternatives may constitute potent therapies for ATI linked to obesity. The potential of MA compounds (analysed for the first time in this review) and extracts in ATI and obesity management is elucidated upon, while also highlighting research gaps and future prospects. Furthermore, immune cells, signalling pathways, genes, and adipocyte cytokines play key roles in ATI responses and are targeted in certain therapies. As a result, this review gives an in-depth appraisal of ATI linked to obesity, its causes, mechanisms, and effects of past, present, and future therapies for reversal and alleviation of ATI. Achieving a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality rates attributed to ATI linked to obesity and related comorbidities is possible as research improves our understanding over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Eleojo Aruwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu CQ, Li J, Liang ZQ, Zhong YL, Zhang ZH, Hu XQ, Cao YB, Chen J. Sirtuins in macrophage immune metabolism: A novel target for cardiovascular disorders. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128270. [PMID: 38000586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7), as a family of NAD+-dependent protein modifying enzymes, have various catalytic functions, such as deacetylases, dealkalylases, and deribonucleases. The Sirtuins family is directly or indirectly involved in pathophysiological processes such as glucolipid metabolism, oxidative stress, DNA repair and inflammatory response through various pathways and assumes an important role in several cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hypertension and heart failure. A growing number of studies supports that metabolic and bioenergetic reprogramming directs the sequential process of inflammation. Failure of homeostatic restoration leads to many inflammatory diseases, and that macrophages are the central cells involving the inflammatory response and are the main source of inflammatory cytokines. Regulation of cellular metabolism has emerged as a fundamental process controlling macrophage function, but its exact signaling mechanisms remain to be revealed. Understanding the precise molecular basis of metabolic control of macrophage inflammatory processes may provide new approaches for targeting immune metabolism and inflammation. Here, we provide an update of studies in cardiovascular disease on the function and role of sirtuins in macrophage inflammation and metabolism, as well as drug candidates that may interfere with sirtuins, pointing to future prospects in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Qin Xu
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liang
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yi-Lang Zhong
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Xue-Qing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Yong-Bing Cao
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Z, Wang M, Meng L, Chen Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Xi X, Kang W. Lignans from Patrinia scabiosaefolia improve insulin resistance by activating PI-3K/AKT pathway and promoting GLUT4 expression. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
|
4
|
Chen Y, Peng F, Yang C, Hou H, Xing Z, Chen J, Liu L, Peng C, Li D. SIRT1 activation by 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine alleviates neuroinflammation via inhibiting M1 microglia polarization. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206513. [PMID: 37600790 PMCID: PMC10436537 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation has been reported as a potential contributing factor to brain diseases, and is characterized by activated microglia with release of multiple inflammatory mediators. 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is an active alkaloid in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. and has various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection properties. However, the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of TMP has been less studied and its potential molecular mechanisms in this field remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TMP and its underlying mechanisms in neuroinflammation. Methods In vitro, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia were used to assess the effects of TMP on inflammatory cytokines as well as the components of the SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway, which were measured by using ELISA, western blotting, qRT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Moreover, LPS-induced acute neuroinflammation model in mice was performed to detect whether TMP could exert anti-neuroinflammatory effects in vivo, and the EX527, a SIRT1 inhibitor, were given intraperitoneally every two days prior to TMP treatment. Serums and spinal trigeminal nucleus (Sp5) tissues were collected for ELISA assay, and the Sp5 tissues were used for HE staining, Nissl staining, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and western blotting. Results In vitro, TMP treatment significantly reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, promoted SIRT1 protein expression and inactivated NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Interestingly, pretreatment with EX527 blocked the therapeutic effects of TMP on neuroinflammation in vitro. Furthermore, TMP reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and prevented microglia from polarizing towards a pro-inflammatory state through activating SIRT1 and inhibiting NF-κB activation in LPS-induced neuroinflammation in mice. And EX527 reversed the beneficial effects of TMP against LPS exposure in mice. Conclusion In summary, this study unravels that TMP could mitigate LPS-induced neuroinflammation via SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation and Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziwei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jansakun C, Chulrik W, Hata J, Utaipan T, Pabuprapap W, Supaweera N, Mueangson O, Suksamrarn A, Chunglok W. Trihydroxyxanthones from the heartwood of Maclura cochinchinensis modulate M1/M2 macrophage polarisation and enhance surface TLR4. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:529-541. [PMID: 36580158 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory actions of phytochemicals have attracted much attention due to the current state of numerous inflammatory disorders. Thai traditional medicine uses Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner to treat chronic fever and various inflammatory diseases, as well as to maintain normal lymphatic function. Five flavonoids and five xanthones were isolated from the heartwood of M. cochinchinensis and we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of the isolated compounds. All isolated compounds possessed an anti-inflammatory effect by decreasing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages with varying degrees of potency. The greatest decrease in M1 inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide, PGE2, and proinflammatory cytokines was observed with 1,3,7-trihydroxyxanthone and 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone treatment of LPS-activated macrophages. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the two xanthones is mediated by the suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B expression and the upregulation of M2 anti-inflammatory signalling proteins phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-γ. 1,3,7-Trihydroxyxanthone exhibits superior induction of anti-inflammatory M2 mediator of LPS-activated macrophages by upregulating arginase1 expression. Following the resolution of inflammation, the two xanthones enhanced surface TLR4 expression compared to LPS-stimulated cells, possibly preserving macrophage function. Our research highlights the role of the two xanthones in modulating the M1/M2 macrophage polarisation to reduce inflammation and retain surface TLR4 once inflammation has been resolved. These findings support the use of xanthones for their anti-inflammatory effects in treating inflammatory dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Jansakun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Wanatsanan Chulrik
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Janejira Hata
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Wachirachai Pabuprapap
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Nassareen Supaweera
- Health Sciences (International Program), College of Graduate Studies, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Onchuma Mueangson
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Chunglok
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
- Food Technology and Innovation Center of Excellence, Research and Innovation Institute of Excellence , Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patrinoside and Patrinoside A from Patrinia scabiosaefolia Improve Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting NF- κB, MAPK Pathways and Oxidative Stress in RAW264.7 and 3 T3-L1 Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9069645. [PMID: 36733419 PMCID: PMC9889156 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9069645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Patrinia scabiosaefolia, as traditional food and medicine plant, was used to treat appendicitis, enteritis, and hepatitis for thousand years in China. Patrinoside and patrinoside A isolated from P. scabiosaefolia could significantly improve insulin resistance (IR) by activating PI-3 K/AKT signaling pathway in our previous study. Since IR is closely related to inflammation, their anti-inflammatory activities in RAW264.7 inflammatory model induced by LPS and in 3 T3-L1 IR inflammatory model induced by TNF-α were evaluated to identify whether the effects on improving IR related to anti-inflammatory activity. In RAW264.7 cells, patrinoside and patrinoside A significantly inhibited the transcription and secretion of inflammatory mediators NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. Western blot analysis showed that the significant inhibition of phosphorylation of IκB and P65 and P38, ERK and JNK suggested that the effects were exerted through NF-κB pathway and MAPK pathway. In 3 T3-L1 cells, patrinoside and patrinoside A also inhibited the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways through inhibiting the transcriptions of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and chemokines MCP-1 and MIP-1α. These events resulted in the inhibition of macrophages migration to adipocytes. In addition, patrinoside and patrinoside A ameliorated oxidative stress by inhibiting ROS release in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, patrinoside and patrinoside A could active PI-3 K/AKT pathway, inhibit NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway, and improve oxidative stress, which showed multipathways on improving IR. These results provided the scientific basis for material basis and mechanism on improving IR of P. scabiosaefolia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bi C, Xu H, Yu J, Ding Z, Liu Z. Botanical characteristics, chemical components, biological activity, and potential applications of mangosteen. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15329. [PMID: 37187523 PMCID: PMC10178281 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Garcinia mangostana L. (Mangosteen), a functional food, belongs to the Garcinaceae family and has various pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective effects. Mangosteen has abundant chemical constituents with powerful pharmacological effects. After searching scientific literature databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Research Gate, Web of Science, VIP, Wanfang, and CNKI, we summarized the traditional applications, botanical features, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of mangosteen. Further, we revealed the mechanism by which it improves health and treats disease. These findings provide a theoretical basis for mangosteen's future clinical use and will aid doctors and researchers who investigate the biological activity and functions of food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Bi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jingru Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhinan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Raka RN, Zhiqian D, Yue Y, Luchang Q, Suyeon P, Junsong X, Hua W. Pingyin rose essential oil alleviates LPS-Induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells via the NF-κB pathway: an integrated in vitro and network pharmacology analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:272. [PMID: 36242028 PMCID: PMC9563134 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosa rugosa cv. Plena, a cultivar of Rosa rugosa, has a history of more than 1300 years of application in both medicine and food in China. The essential oil of Rosa rugosa cv. Plena (PREO) is one of the most frequently used additives in food, cosmetics and aromatherapy. PREO exhibits some anti-inflammation, antioxidant and nerve alleviating effects. However, the mechanisms behind these effects are still unclear. METHODS The composition of PREO was determined by GC‒MS. Network pharmacology was performed to predict the possible compound-target network and analyze the possible targets against inflammation and oxidative stress. An inflammatory immune cell model was constructed by exposing RAW 264.7 cells to LPS. A series of experiments, including biochemical assays, RT‒PCR, and western blotting, were conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of PREO. RESULTS PREO treatment significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers such as NO, ROS, and MDA and preserved SOD and CAT activities. GC‒MS analysis revealed that PREO consists of 57 compounds, mainly monoterpenoids. Network pharmacology revealed that citronellol, farnesol, ethyl octanoate, geranyl acetate, and methyl eugenol were active components interacting with several inflammatory pathway proteins. By measuring the gene and protein expression of possible targets by qRT‒PCR and western blotting, PREO anti-inflammatory responses in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells might be associated with the regulation of NF-κB signaling. Molecular docking showed that PREO components can interact with different proteins involved in the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION The integrated study of molecular analysis and network pharmacology suggested that PREO might be a potential anti-inflammatory agent to treat inflammation and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Nowshin Raka
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 8, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Ding Zhiqian
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 8, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Yuan Yue
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Qiao Luchang
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Park Suyeon
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Xiao Junsong
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 8, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, (BTBU), Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Wu Hua
- grid.411615.60000 0000 9938 1755College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Building No. 1, Fucheng Road 11#, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen C, Ren YM, Zhu JZ, Chen JL, Feng ZL, Zhang T, Ye Y, Lin LG. Ainsliadimer C, a disesquiterpenoid isolated from Ainsliaea macrocephala, ameliorates inflammatory responses in adipose tissue via Sirtuin 1-NLRP3 inflammasome axis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1780-1792. [PMID: 34789920 PMCID: PMC9253034 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a key pro-inflammatory cytokine, is majorly produced by macrophages through NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, which has been identified as the culprit to deteriorate the inflammatory crosstalk between macrophages and adipocytes. Ainsliadimer C (AC) is a disesquiterpenoid isolated from Ainsliaea macrocephala. In the current study, we investigated the effects of AC on adipose tissue inflammation in co-culture of macrophages and adipocytes in vitro as well as in LPS-treated mice in vivo. We showed that AC (20-80 µM) dose-dependently inhibited the secretion of IL-1β from LPS plus ATP-stimulated THP-1 macrophages by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, we found that AC treatment activated NAD+-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), resulting in reduced acetylation level of NLRP3. Molecular modeling analysis revealed that binding of AC to sirtuin-activating compound-binding domain increased the affinity of the substrate to the catalytic domain of SIRT1. Moreover, AC (80 µM) significantly attenuated macrophage-conditioned medium-induced inflammatory responses in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In LPS-induced acute inflammatory mice, administration of AC (20, 60 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 5 days significantly suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in serum and epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), attenuated macrophage infiltration into eWAT, and mitigated adipose tissue inflammation. The beneficial effects of AC were blocked by co-administration of a selective SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 (10 mg·kg-1·d-1). Taken together, AC suppresses NLRP3-mediated IL-1β secretion through activating SIRT1, leading to attenuated inflammation in macrophages and adipose tissue, which might be a candidate to treat obesity-associated metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Yong-mei Ren
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Jian-zhong Zhu
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Jia-li Chen
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Zhe-ling Feng
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Tian Zhang
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Li-gen Lin
- grid.437123.00000 0004 1794 8068State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Berberine remodels adipose tissue to attenuate metabolic disorders by activating sirtuin 3. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1285-1298. [PMID: 34417576 PMCID: PMC9061715 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue remodelling is considered a critical pathophysiological hallmark of obesity and related metabolic diseases. Berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid, has potent anti-hyperlipidaemic and anti-hyperglycaemic effects. This study aimed to explore the role of BBR in modulating adipose tissue remodelling and the underlying mechanisms. BBR protected high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice against adiposity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia. BBR alleviated adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting macrophage infiltration, pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and the abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix, and the effect was mediated by BBR directly binding and activating the deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and suppressing the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB signalling pathways. Furthermore, BBR decreased microRNA-155-5p secretion by macrophages, which in turn ameliorated liver injury. Moreover, BBR mitigated inflammatory responses in both LPS-stimulated macrophages and TNF-α-treated adipocytes and suppressed macrophage migration towards adipocytes by activating SIRT3. Collectively, this study revealed that BBR improved adipose tissue remodelling, and subsequently inhibited the secretion of microRNA-155-5p by macrophages, which alleviated adiposity, insulin resistance and liver injury in obese mice. The modulation of adipose tissue remodelling by activating SIRT3 could contribute to the anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hyperglycemic effects of BBR.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li D, Xing Z, Yu T, Dong W, Wang Z, Peng C, Yang C. Pogostone attenuates adipose tissue inflammation by regulating the adipocyte–macrophage crosstalk via activating SIRT1. Food Funct 2022; 13:11853-11864. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pogostone prevents adipose tissue inflammation by activating the deacetylase SIRT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziwei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Honokiol attenuates lipotoxicity in hepatocytes via activating SIRT3-AMPK mediated lipophagy. Chin Med 2021; 16:115. [PMID: 34758848 PMCID: PMC8579168 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00528-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by ectopic accumulation of triglycerides in the liver. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lipophagy regulates lipid mobilization and energy homeostasis in the liver. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, modulates the activities of several substrates involving in autophagy and energy metabolism. Honokiol (HK) is a natural lignan from the plants of Magnolia genus that exhibits potent liver protective property. Methods AML12 was challenged with 500 μM palmitic acid and 250 μM oleic acid mixture solution to induce lipotoxicity. C57BL/6J mice were fed with a choline-deficient high fat diet (CDHFD) to generate liver steatosis. The expression of autophagy-related and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway proteins was evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Intracellular lipid accumulation was validated by Nile red staining. Molecular docking analysis was performed on AutoDock 4.2. Results HK (5 and 10 μM) was found to attenuate lipid accumulation through promoting SIRT3-AMPK-mediated autophagy, mainly on lipid droplets. HK had hydrophobic interaction with amino acid residues (PHE294, GLU323 and VAL324) and NAD+. Moreover, HK improved mitochondrial function to enhance lipolysis, through decreasing the acetylated long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase level. In CDHFD-fed mice, HK (2.5 and 10 mg/Kg) treatment obviously prevented lipid accumulation in the liver. And co-treatment of the AMPK inhibitor, Compound C, almost abolished the above changes. Conclusions These results suggest that HK could ameliorate lipotoxicity in hepatocytes by activating SIRT3-AMPK-lipophagy axis, which might be a potential therapeutic agent against NAFLD.
Collapse
|
13
|
Lou R, Xu F, Xu Y, Chen J, Feng Z, Gan L, Lin L. Caesalpinaxin, a cassane-type diterpenoid with a 21-carbon core skeleton from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax possessing pro-angiogenetic property. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105426. [PMID: 34666257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel cassane-type diterpenoid, caesalpinaxin (1), was isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax Hance. The structure of caesalpinaxin was established by means of spectroscopic techniques (NMR, HR-ESIMS, UV and IR). The absolute configuration of caesalpinaxin was determined by quantum chemical calculations of its theoretical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum. Caesalpinaxin is the first cassane-type diterpenoid with 21 carbons core skeleton, containing an unusual δ-lactone ring. A plausible biosynthetic pathway was proposed for compound 1. Furthermore, caesalpinaxin was tested for the pro-angiogenetic activity on human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs). The results indicated that this compound significantly stimulated migration and tuber formation through enhancing the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Thus, caesalpinaxin might be applied in accelerating wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruohan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cao J, Xu Y, Lou R, Shi W, Chen J, Gan L, Lu J, Lin L. Cassane-Type Diterpenoids from the Seeds of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100309. [PMID: 34184408 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ten new cassane-type diterpenoids were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb., including 6α-hydroxycaesalpinin P (1), 14-epi-caesalpinin E1 (2), 6-deacetylcaesalmin Z (3), 14-epi-caesalmin Z (4), caesalpinolides I (5), K (6), L (7), M (9) and N (10), and 14-epi-neocaesalpin L (8). Their planar structures and absolute configurations were fully determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR and electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds 1-4 are tetracyclic cassane diterpenoids possessing a furan ring, and compounds 5-10 are tetracyclic cassane diterpenoids possessing a fused butenolide moiety. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of the isolates were evaluated, while none of them showed obvious effects. The current study identified ten new cassane-type diterpenoids from the seeds of C. bonduc (L.) Roxb., which enriched the chemical diversity of the titled herbal medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Yunshao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Ruohan Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong, 529020, P. R. China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu F, Zhang L, Zhou C, Mo J, Shen S, Zhang T, Li J, Lin L, Wu R, Gan L. Alkyl-benzofuran dimers from Eupatorium chinense with insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory activities. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:105030. [PMID: 34089946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Five new racemic alkyl-benzofuran dimers, (±)-dieupachinins I-M (1-5), were isolated from the root tubers of Eupatorium chinense, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of diphtheria in Guangdong province. The structures of these compounds, especially the first examples of 12,10'-epoxy dimer dieupachinin I (1), 12-nor-dimer dieupachinin J (2), and 12,12'-dinor-dimer dieupachinin K (3), were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. Chiral resolution were further carried out on a cellulose column by HPLC, and compounds 2-5 were successfully separated into two enantiomers, respectively. The absolute configurations of (+)-(2-5) and (-)-(2-5) were established by theoretical ECD calculation. All the compounds were evaluated for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and (±)-dieupachinin I (1) exhibited the best activity. Compound 1 enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake via activating the insulin receptor substrate 1/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling pathway. Moreover, all the isolates were tested for their nitric oxygen (NO) inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophages, and compounds (±)-1, (±)-2, and (±)-4 showed promising inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 6.42 ± 1.85, 6.29 ± 1.94, and 16.03 ± 2.07 μM, respectively. (±)-Dieupachinin I (1) again dose-dependently suppressed LPS-induced expression of inducible NO synthase and nuclear translocation of p65.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxia Mo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu Y, Zhang T, Feng L, Feng Z, Zhang Q, Ye Y, Gan L, Lin L. Biscaesalmins A and B from Caesalpinia minax, highly oxidized dimeric cassane diterpenoids as interleukin-1β inhibitors. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
17
|
Feng Z, Chen J, Feng L, Chen C, Ye Y, Lin L. Polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivatives from Garcinia cambogia and their anti-inflammatory activities. Food Funct 2021; 12:6432-6441. [PMID: 34075995 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00972a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ten new polyisoprenylated benzophenone derivatives, 4,8-epi-uralione F (1), 4,8-epi-uralione G (2), uralione S (3), coccinone J (4), 6-epi-coccinone C (5), coccinone I (6), 36-hydroxy-guttiferone J (7), multiflorone I (8), garciniagifolone F (9) and 36-hydroxy-garciniagifolone F (10), were isolated from the fruits of Garcinia cambogia, along with seven known analogues. The structures of the new compounds were established based on the detailed analysis of 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometra (HRESIMS), and their absolute configurations were determined from the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. All the isolates were tested for their inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. The results indicated that compound 1 displayed a potent NO inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 41.60 ± 0.17 μM. Furthermore, compound 1 suppressed inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in a dose-dependent manner through inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
| | - Lu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu-Chong-Zhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao 999078, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Feng Z, Cao J, Zhang Q, Lin L. The drug likeness analysis of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids. Chin Med 2020; 15:126. [PMID: 33298100 PMCID: PMC7727157 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an active defense response of the body against external stimuli. Long term low-grade inflammation has been considered as a deteriorated factor for aging, cancer, neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders. The clinically used glucocorticoids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not suitable for chronic inflammation. Therefore, it's urgent to discover and develop new effective and safe drugs to attenuate inflammation. Clerodane diterpenoids, a class of bicyclic diterpenoids, are widely distributed in plants of the Labiatae, Euphorbiaceae and Verbenaceae families, as well as fungi, bacteria, and marine sponges. Dozens of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids have been identified on different assays, both in vitro and in vivo. In the current review, the up-to-date research progresses of anti-inflammatory clerodane diterpenoids were summarized, and their druglikeness was analyzed, which provided the possibility for further development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu Y, Feng Z, Zhang T, Lv P, Cao J, Li D, Peng C, Lin L. Pimarane Diterpenoids from the Seeds of Caesalpinia minax as PTP1B Inhibitors and Insulin Sensitizers. Molecules 2020; 25:E4674. [PMID: 33066298 PMCID: PMC7587383 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) has been considered as a promising target for treating insulin resistance. In searching for naturally occurring PTB1B antagonists, two new pimarane diterpenoids, named 2α-hydroxy-7-oxo-pimara-8(9),15-diene (1) and 19-hydroxy-2α-acetoxy-7-oxo-pimara-8(9),15-diene (2), were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of NMR and HR-ESIMS data, and their absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compound 1 was disclosed as a competitive inhibitor of PTP1B with an IC50 (the half-maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 19.44 ± 2.39 µM and a Ki (inhibition constant) value of 13.69 ± 2.72 μM. Moreover, compound 1 dose-dependently promoted insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes through activating insulin signaling pathway. Compound 1 might be further developed as an insulin sensitizer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunshao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.X.); (Z.F.); (T.Z.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.X.); (Z.F.); (T.Z.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.X.); (Z.F.); (T.Z.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Peng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.X.); (Z.F.); (T.Z.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.X.); (Z.F.); (T.Z.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; (D.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; (D.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China; (Y.X.); (Z.F.); (T.Z.); (P.L.); (J.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; (D.L.); (C.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang T, Fang Z, Linghu KG, Liu J, Gan L, Lin L. Small molecule-driven SIRT3-autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition ameliorates inflammatory crosstalk between macrophages and adipocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:4645-4665. [PMID: 32726464 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE IL-1β produced by macrophages via the NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, mediates the inflammatory crosstalk between macrophages and adipocytes. In our previous study, (16S,20S,24R)-12β-acetoxy-16,23-epoxy-24,25-dihydroxy-3β-(β-D-xylopyranosyloxy)-9,19-cyclolanost-22(23)-ene (AEDC), a cycloartane triterpenoid isolated from Actaea vaginata (Ranunculaceae), was found to possess anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages. This study was designed to investigate whether AEDC modulates macrophage-adipocyte crosstalk to alleviate adipose tissue inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The anti-inflammatory effect of AEDC was evaluated on LPS plus ATP-induced THP-1 macrophages and C57BL/6J mice. The expression of autophagy-related and NLRP3 inflammasome complex proteins was analysed by western blots, immunofluorescence staining and co-immunoprecipitation. The pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were determined by ELISA kits. The adipose tissue inflammation was evaluated by histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. KEY RESULTS AEDC (5 and 10 μM) activated autophagy, which in turn suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion in THP-1 macrophages. AEDC increased the expression of SIRT3 deacetylase and enhanced its deacetylating activity to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction and activate AMP-activated protein kinase, which together induced autophagy. Moreover, AEDC (10 μM) attenuated macrophage conditioned medium-induced inflammatory responses in adipocytes and blocked THP-1 macrophages migration towards 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In inflammation mice, AEDC (5 and 20 mg·kg-1 ) treatment reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and epididymal adipose tissue and reduced macrophage infiltration to alleviate adipose tissue inflammation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS AEDC attenuated the inflammatory crosstalk between macrophages and adipocytes through SIRT3-autophagy-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition, which might used for the treatment of adipose tissue inflammation-related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau, China
| | - Zhujun Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Gang Linghu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau, China
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li D, Zhang T, Lu J, Peng C, Lin L. Natural constituents from food sources as therapeutic agents for obesity and metabolic diseases targeting adipose tissue inflammation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1-19. [PMID: 32462898 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1768044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue, an endocrine and paracrine organ, plays critical roles in the regulation of whole-body metabolic homeostasis. Obesity is accompanied with a chronic low-grade inflammation status in adipose tissue, which disrupts its endocrine function and results in metabolic derangements, such as type 2 diabetes. Dietary bioactive components, such as flavonoids, polyphenols and unsaturated fatty acids from fruits and vegetables, have been widely revealed to alleviate both systemic and adipose tissue inflammation, and improve metabolic disorders. Remarkably, some dietary bioactive components mitigate the inflammatory response in adipocytes, macrophages, and other immune cells, and modulate the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages or other immune cells, in adipose tissue. Epidemiological and preclinical studies related to these substances have indicated beneficial effects on adipose tissue inflammation. The main purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date state of knowledge on dietary components targeting adipose tissue inflammation and their underlying mechanisms. These natural products have great potential to be developed as functional food or lead compounds for treating and/or preventing metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Jinjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Linghu KG, Zhao GD, Xiong W, Sang W, Xiong SH, Tse AKW, Hu Y, Bian Z, Wang Y, Yu H. Comprehensive comparison on the anti-inflammatory effects of three species of Sigesbeckia plants based on NF-κB and MAPKs signal pathways in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112530. [PMID: 31883476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sigesbeckiae Herba (SH), a traditional anti-inflammatory Chinese herbal medicine, is originated from the plants of Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino (SP), S. orientalis L. (SO) and S. glabrescens Makino (SG). The current studies reported that the chemical constituents in the three species of plants were different. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to provide a systemic comparison on the anti-inflammatory effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms among the three plants based on their effects on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signal pathways in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-four batches of three Sigesbeckia herbs were collected from different regions of China and extracted with 50% ethanol. The distribution of 6 compounds in the 24 batches of SH extracts were characterized by UPLC analysis. The cytotoxicity of all extracts to RAW264.7 cells in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were examined by 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were investigated using Griess reagent and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The underlying mechanisms of the representative samples (SP007, SO005 and SG003) for individual species were examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS The estimated average sub-lethal dose (LD15) of SP, SO and SG on RAW264.7 cells were 181.7 ± 15.7, 291.5 ± 33.9 and 317.1 ± 16.3 μg/mL, respectively. In LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, the inhibitory effects of SH species were determined to be SP > SO > SG on NO release, while SP ~ SO > SG on secretion of post-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1). Moreover, suppression on LPS-induced excessive expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), as well as the activation of NF-κB and phosphorylation of MAPKs were investigated to be associated to the anti-inflammatory effects for all SH species. CONCLUSIONS We firstly reported a systemic comparison on the anti-inflammatory properties for the three main plant origins of SH. Although SG showed lower toxicity and less anti-inflammatory effects compared with SP and SO in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, comparable inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs pathways and the reduction of LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 were observed in the anti-inflammatory process for all Sigesbeckia plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Gang Linghu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Guan Ding Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wei Sang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Shi Hang Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Anfernee Kai Wing Tse
- Programme of Food Science and Technology, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China; HKBU Shenzhen Research Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Feng Z, Lu X, Gan L, Zhang Q, Lin L. Xanthones, A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Scaffold: Structure, Activity, and Drug Likeness Analysis. Molecules 2020; 25:E598. [PMID: 32019180 PMCID: PMC7037265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the body's self-protective response to multiple stimulus, from external harmful substances to internal danger signals released after trauma or cell dysfunction. Many diseases are considered to be related to inflammation, such as cancer, metabolic disorders, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Current therapeutic approaches include mainly non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids, which are generally of limited effectiveness and severe side-effects. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Xanthones, a unique scaffold with a 9H-Xanthen-9-one core structure, widely exist in natural sources. Till now, over 250 xanthones were isolated and identified in plants from the families Gentianaceae and Hypericaceae. Many xanthones have been disclosed with anti-inflammatory properties on different models, either in vitro or in vivo. Herein, we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of xanthones with anti-inflammatory properties, and analyzed their drug likeness, which might be potential therapeutic agents to fight against inflammation-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Z.F.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xiuqiang Lu
- Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350300, China;
| | - Lishe Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Z.F.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (Z.F.); (Q.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang T, Liu J, Tong Q, Lin L. SIRT3 Acts as a Positive Autophagy Regulator to Promote Lipid Mobilization in Adipocytes via Activating AMPK. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020372. [PMID: 31936019 PMCID: PMC7013837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, which is characterized by the excessive accumulation of triglycerides in adipocytes. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) regulate lipid mobilization and play a key role in energy balance. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, which is important in regulating macroautophagy and lipid metabolism. It is still unknown whether SIRT3 modulates macroautophagy and CMA in adipocytes. The current study found that macroautophagy was dynamically regulated during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, which coincided with SIRT3 expression. In mature adipocytes, overexpression of SIRT3 activated macroautophagy, mainly on lipid droplets (LDs), through activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) pathway, which in turn resulting in smaller LD size and reduced lipid accumulation. Moreover, SIRT3 overexpression induced the formation of perilipin-1 (PLN1)-heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC70)-lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) complex, to activate CMA and cause the instability of LDs in adipocytes. In summary, we found SIRT3 is a positive regulator of macroautophagy and CMA in adipocytes, which might be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of obesity and its related metabolic dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (T.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Qiang Tong
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (T.Z.); (J.L.)
- Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai 519031, Guangdong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +853-88228041
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ren YM, Zhou SZ, Zhang T, Qian M, Zhang R, Yao S, Zhu H, Tang C, Lin L, Ye Y. Targeted isolation of two disesquiterpenoid macrocephadiolides A and B from Ainsliaea macrocephala using a molecular networking-based dereplication strategy. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00030b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Two novel dimeric sesquiterpenoids with potent anti-inflammatory activity were characterized from Ainsliaea macrocephala through a molecular networking-based dereplication strategy.
Collapse
|
26
|
Yuan J, Wen X, Ke CQ, Zhang T, Lin L, Yao S, Goodpaster JD, Tang C, Ye Y. Tricarabrols A–C, three anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone trimers featuring a methylene-tethered linkage from Carpesium faberi. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00093k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Three anti-inflammatory trimeric compounds constructed from carabrol-type sesquiterpenoids through a methylene-tethered linkage were characterized from Carpesium faberi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- and Natural Products Chemistry Department
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
| | - Xuelan Wen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Chang-Qiang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- and Natural Products Chemistry Department
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Taipa
- China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Taipa
- China
| | - Sheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- and Natural Products Chemistry Department
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
| | | | - Chunping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- and Natural Products Chemistry Department
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- and Natural Products Chemistry Department
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Leocarpinolide B attenuates LPS-induced inflammation on RAW264.7 macrophages by mediating NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 868:172854. [PMID: 31837308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages-mediated inflammation is involved in the regulation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sigesbeckiae Herba (SH) has been traditionally used for rheumatism. However, the bioactive ingredients of SH are still unclear. Recently, we isolated a compound (Leocarpinolide B, LB) from SH and identified its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on RAW264.7 macrophages for the first time. LB effectively inhibited excessive production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1), and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. LB blocked the degradation of inhibitor of kappa B (IκBα) and translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65. Additionally, LB reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species, and increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the presence or absence of LPS. The results suggested that LB might be one of the bioactive components of SH, and be potential for the treatment of RA and valuable to be further investigated.
Collapse
|
28
|
Li D, Liu Q, Lu X, Li Z, Wang C, Leung CH, Wang Y, Peng C, Lin L. α-Mangostin remodels visceral adipose tissue inflammation to ameliorate age-related metabolic disorders in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11084-11110. [PMID: 31806859 PMCID: PMC6932911 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Low-grade chronic adipose tissue inflammation contributes to the onset and development of aging-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In the current study, α-mangostin, a xanthone isolated from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), was identified to ameliorate lipopolysaccharides-induced acute adipose tissue inflammation in mice, by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In a cohort of young (3 months) and old (18-20 months) mice, α-mangostin mitigated aging-associated adiposity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. Further study showed that α-mangostin alleviated aging-related adipose tissue inflammation by reducing macrophage content and shifting pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization. Moreover, α-mangostin protected the old mice against liver injury through suppressing the secretion of microRNA-155-5p from macrophages. The above results demonstrated that α-mangostin represents a new scaffold to alleviate adipose tissue inflammation, which might be a novel candidate to treat aging-related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiuqiang Lu
- Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengqiu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shen S, Liao Q, Zhang T, Pan R, Lin L. Myricanol modulates skeletal muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk to alleviate high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3983-4001. [PMID: 31339170 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Skeletal muscle is the predominant site for glucose disposal and fatty acid consumption. Emerging evidence indicates that the crosstalk between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle is critical in maintaining insulin sensitivity and lipid homeostasis. The current study was designed to investigate whether myricanol improves insulin sensitivity and alleviates adiposity through modulating skeletal muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The therapeutic effect of myricanol was evaluated on palmitic acid (PA)-treated C2C12 myotubes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The crosstalk between myotubes and adipocytes was evaluated using Transwell assay. The cellular lipid content was examined by Nile red staining. The mitochondrial content was assessed by MitoTracker Green staining and citrate synthase activity, and the mitochondrial function was examined by Seahorse assay. Expression of mitochondria-related and insulin signalling pathway proteins was analysed by Western blot, and the irisin level was determined by elisa kit. KEY RESULTS Myricanol increased mitochondrial quantity and function through activating AMP-activated protein kinase, resulting in reduced lipid accumulation and enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, in PA-treated C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, myricanol stimulated irisin production and secretion from myotubes to reduce lipid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In HFD-fed mice, myricanol treatment alleviated adiposity and insulin resistance through enhancing lipid utilization and irisin production in skeletal muscle and inducing browning of inguinal fat. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Myricanol modulates skeletal muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk, to stimulate browning of adipose tissue and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Myricanol might be a potential candidate for treating insulin resistance and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qiwen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ruile Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang Z, Linghu KG, Hu Y, Zuo H, Yi H, Xiong SH, Lu J, Chan G, Yu H, Huang RY. Deciphering the Pharmacological Mechanisms of the Huayu-Qiangshen-Tongbi Formula Through Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Pharmacological Investigation. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1065. [PMID: 31607918 PMCID: PMC6767993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, causing articular and extra-articular dysfunctions among patients, and it could result in irreversible joint damages or disability if untreated. A traditional Chinese medicine formula, Huayu-Qiangshen-Tongbi (HT) formula, has been observed successful in controlling rheumatoid arthritis progression in traditional Chinese medicine clinics. In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of the HT formula with a purpose of proposing for its potential mechanism of action using network pharmacological methods. The potential targets of the formula were collected and screened according to the topological features of their protein–protein interaction network, and we subsequently validated our prediction results through in vitro experiments. We proposed that the HT formula could interfere with the bone metabolism and the inflammatory pathways of the body. The experimental validation results indicated that HT formula could exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by regulating several signaling pathways specifically the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, phosphoinositide-3-kinase–Akt signaling pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway and activator protein 1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ke-Gang Linghu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Huali Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hao Yi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Hang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ging Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.,HKBU Shenzhen Research Center, Shenzhen, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Run-Yue Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang T, Liu J, Shen S, Tong Q, Ma X, Lin L. SIRT3 promotes lipophagy and chaperon-mediated autophagy to protect hepatocytes against lipotoxicity. Cell Death Differ 2019; 27:329-344. [PMID: 31160717 PMCID: PMC7206074 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophagy is a lysosomal lipolytic pathway that complements the actions of cytosolic neutral lipases. Chaperon-mediated autophagy (CMA) triggers lipid droplets (LDs) breakdown, to initiate lipolysis via either cytosolic lipases or macroautophagy. SIRT3, a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, regulates the acetylation status and activity of many substrates involving in energy metabolism. However, the role of SIRT3 in regulating lipophagy is controversial. The current study showed that SIRT3 expression was decreased and the macroautophagy flux was blocked in the primary hepatocytes from high-fat diet fed mice and P/O (palmitic acid and oleic acid mixture) treated AML12 mouse hepatocytes, compared with the corresponding controls. SIRT3 overexpression promoted macroautophagy in LDs from P/O-treated hepatocytes through activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and unc-51-like kinase 1, to boost LDs digestion. Gain of SIRT3 expression stimulated the formation of lysosome-associated membrane protein 2A (LAMP-2A)-heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC70)-perilipin-2 (PLN2) complex, to promote CMA process and reduce the stability of LDs in hepatocytes. Moreover, SIRT3 reduced the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, to suppress lipogenesis. In addition, SIRT3 overexpression promoted LDs dispersion on detyrosinated microtubules, and directly deacetylated long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase to enhance mitochondrial energetics. Taken together, SIRT3 ameliorates lipotoxicity in hepatocytes, which might be a potential target for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Qiang Tong
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fang ZJ, Zhang T, Chen SX, Wang YL, Zhou CX, Mo JX, Wu YJ, Xu YK, Lin LG, Gan LS. Cycloartane triterpenoids from Actaea vaginata with anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 160:1-10. [PMID: 30641334 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Five undescribed cycloartane triterpenoids, including two cycloartane trinor-triterpenoids, were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Actaea vaginata (Ranunculaceae), together with thirteen known cycloartane triterpenoids. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques and quantum chemical calculations for intramolecular noncovalent interactions with reduced density gradient method. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production model in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and some showed potent inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 5.0 to 24.4 μM. Further mechanism studies showed that one compound dose-dependently suppressed LPS-induced NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion, and decreased the expression of iNOS, through inhibiting NF-κB activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Jun Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Shi-Xin Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yan-Lan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chang-Xin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jian-Xia Mo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yong-Jiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - You-Kai Xu
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun 666303, PR China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, PR China.
| | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, 291 Fucheng Road, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Benzofurans from Eupatorium chinense enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes and suppress inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:346-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
34
|
Shen S, Liao Q, Liu J, Pan R, Lee SMY, Lin L. Myricanol rescues dexamethasone-induced muscle dysfunction via a sirtuin 1-dependent mechanism. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:429-444. [PMID: 30793539 PMCID: PMC6463464 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle atrophy and weakness are adverse effects of high dose or the sustained usage of glucocorticoids. Loss of mitochondria and degradation of protein are highly correlated with muscle dysfunction. The deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays a vital role in muscle remodelling. The current study was designed to identify myricanol as a SIRT1 activator, which could protect skeletal muscle against dexamethasone-induced wasting. METHODS The dexamethasone-induced atrophy in C2C12 myotubes was evaluated by expression of myosin heavy chain, muscle atrophy F-box (atrogin-1), and muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1), using western blots. The mitochondrial content and oxygen consumption were assessed by MitoTracker staining and extracellular flux analysis, respectively. Muscle dysfunction was established in male C57BL/6 mice (8-10 weeks old, n = 6) treated with a relatively high dose of dexamethasone (25 mg/kg body weight, i.p., 10 days). Body weight, grip strength, forced swimming capacity, muscle weight, and muscle histology were assessed. The expression of proteolysis-related, autophagy-related, apoptosis-related, and mitochondria-related proteins was analysed by western blots or immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Myricanol (10 μM) was found to rescue dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and dysfunction in C2C12 myotubes, indicated by increased expression of myosin heavy chain (0.33 ± 0.14 vs. 0.89 ± 0.21, *P < 0.05), decreased expression of atrogin-1 (2.31 ± 0.67 vs. 1.53 ± 0.25, *P < 0.05) and MuRF1 (1.55 ± 0.08 vs. 0.99 ± 0.12, **P < 0.01), and elevated ATP production (3.83 ± 0.46 vs. 5.84 ± 0.79 nM/mg protein, **P < 0.01), mitochondrial content (68.12 ± 10.07% vs. 116.38 ± 5.12%, *P < 0.05), and mitochondrial oxygen consumption (166.59 ± 22.89 vs. 223.77 ± 22.59 pmol/min, **P < 0.01). Myricanol directly binds and activates SIRT1, with binding energy of -5.87 kcal/mol. Through activating SIRT1 deacetylation, myricanol inhibits forkhead box O 3a transcriptional activity to reduce protein degradation, induces autophagy to enhance degraded protein clearance, and increases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α activity to promote mitochondrial biogenesis. In dexamethasone-induced muscle wasting C57BL/6 mice, 5 mg/kg myricanol treatment reduces the loss of muscle mass; the percentages of quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscle in myricanol-treated mice are 1.36 ± 0.02% and 0.87 ± 0.08%, respectively (cf. 1.18 ± 0.06% and 0.78 ± 0.05% in dexamethasone-treated mice, respectively). Myricanol also rescues dexamethasone-induced muscle weakness, indicated by improved grip strength (70.90 ± 4.59 vs. 120.58 ± 7.93 g, **P < 0.01) and prolonged swimming exhaustive time (48.80 ± 11.43 vs. 83.75 ± 15.19 s, **P < 0.01). Myricanol prevents dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy and weakness by activating SIRT1, to reduce muscle protein degradation, enhance autophagy, and promote mitochondrial biogenesis and function in mice. CONCLUSIONS Myricanol ameliorates dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle wasting by activating SIRT1, which might be developed as a therapeutic agent for treatment of muscle atrophy and weakness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qiwen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ruile Pan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China.,Zhuhai UM Science & Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang Y, Smith W, Hao D, He B, Kong L. M1 and M2 macrophage polarization and potentially therapeutic naturally occurring compounds. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 70:459-466. [PMID: 30861466 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages, as crucial cellular components of innate immunity, are characterized by possessing high plasticity and an abnormal ability to differentiate in response to numerous stimuli. Given this, macrophages show extreme heterogeneity under both physiological and pathological conditions. Typically, macrophages can be polarized into classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2) depending on their environment. The relative functions of these two subtypes are almost exactly opposed to one another. Recent studies have suggested that some naturally occurring compounds can exert regulatory effects on the progression of macrophage polarization, which implies that they could be promising therapeutic tools to treat relevant diseases. Therefore, in our current review, we summarize recent studies on several naturally occurring compounds that may possess the ability to regulate macrophage polarization and explore the associated molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youhan Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong Uinversity, School of Medicine, Xi'an, China; Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xian Yang, China
| | - Wanli Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong Uinversity, School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong Uinversity, School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui-hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong Uinversity, School of Medicine, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhou Y, Tao H, Wang A, Zhong Z, Wu X, Wang M, Bian Z, Wang S, Wang Y. Chinese herb pair Paeoniae Radix Alba and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory response through inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB pathway. Chin Med 2019; 14:2. [PMID: 30728853 PMCID: PMC6352364 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The combination of Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (RAM) has long been used as a classic herb pair for the treatment of gynecologic and gastrointestinal diseases, but the underlying mechanisms of the herb pair remain unknown. This study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory potentials of RPA–RAM herb pair and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods The bioactive parts of RPA–RAM were extracted and screened through the inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production. The effects of optimized RPA–RAM extracts (OPAE) on inflammation-associated mediators were investigated by Western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) and immunofluorescence staining. Results OPAE potently suppressed the productions of NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages, concentration-dependently inhibited protein level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), dramatically downregulated mRNA expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1. In addition, OPAE significantly prevented phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitory kappa Bα (IκBα) and subsequently restrained the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Pretreatment with OPAE also attenuated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that OPAE suppressed inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by decreasing critical molecules involved in MAPK and NF-κB pathway, suggesting that the herb pair could be a promising therapeutic candidate for inflammation-related diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13020-019-0224-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| | - Hongxun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| | - Anqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| | - Xu Wu
- 2Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan China
| | - Mei Wang
- 3Leiden University European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- 4School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China.,3Leiden University European Center for Chinese Medicine and Natural Compounds, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fang ZJ, Shen SN, Wang JM, Wu YJ, Zhou CX, Mo JX, Lin LG, Gan LS. Triterpenoids from Cyclocarya paliurus that Enhance Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24010187. [PMID: 30621331 PMCID: PMC6337507 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Four previously undescribed compounds, including three rarely occurring seco-dammarane triterpenoid glycosides and a pentacyclic triterpenic acid, were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus (Juglandaceae), along with eleven known triterpenoids. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic techniques, including 2D NMR and HRESIMS, as well as chemical methods. Among them, several triterpenoids enhanced insulin stimulated glucose uptake in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, compound 1 dose-dependently increased glucose uptake through activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-p38 pathway. Collectively, triterpenoids from C. paliurus could be developed as insulin sensitizers, which might have therapeutic potential for insulin resistance and hyperglycemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Jun Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Sheng-Nan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Jia-Min Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yong-Jiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chang-Xin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jian-Xia Mo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, 291 Fucheng Road, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
New podolactones from the seeds of Podocarpus nagi and their anti-inflammatory effect. J Nat Med 2018; 72:882-889. [PMID: 29752578 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Podolactones are a class of structural diverse diterpenoid lactones, mainly isolated from the Podocarpus species. Several bioactivities have been disclosed for podolactones, including cytotoxicity and anti-atherosclerosis. In this study, the seeds of P. nagi were isolated by comprehensive chromatographic methods to obtain three new podolatones, named nagilactone B 1-O-β-D-glucoside (1), nagilactone N3 3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), and 2-epinagilactone B (3), as well as a known compound, nagilactone B (4). Their structures were determined by analyses of NMR and HRESIMS data. Compounds 1 and 2 significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production on LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC50 values of 0.18 ± 0.04 and 0.53 ± 0.03 μM, respectively. Indomethacin (IC50 4.21 ± 0.32 μM) was used as a positive control. Compound 1 suppressed the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in a concentration-dependent manner, mediating through inhibiting nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. This is the first report regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of podolactones, which could be potential anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
|
39
|
Li D, Liu Q, Sun W, Chen X, Wang Y, Sun Y, Lin L. 1,3,6,7-Tetrahydroxy-8-prenylxanthone ameliorates inflammatory responses resulting from the paracrine interaction of adipocytes and macrophages. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1590-1606. [PMID: 29446826 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue is critical in the onset and development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue and pro-inflammatory polarization play key roles in adipose tissue inflammation. The fruit hull of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) is used in traditional medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases. However, its role in regulating adipose tissue inflammation is unexplored. This study was designed to identify xanthones from G. mangostana, which could ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Expressions of inducible NOS, cytokines, chemokines and components of the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways were evaluated using Western blotting, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR or ELISA. The migration of macrophages towards adipocytes was tested using Transwell experiments in vitro. A murine model of LPS-induced acute inflammation was used to examine effects of 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-8-prenylxanthone (TPX) on inflammatory responses in adipose tissue in vivo. KEY RESULTS From a series of xanthones isolated from G. mangostana, TPX was identified as a potent inhibitor of LPS-induced NO production and IL-6 secretion in RAW264.7 macrophages. TPX ameliorated LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophages, and TNF-α-mediated inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, through inhibiting MAPKs and NF-κB activation and promoting sirtuin 3 expression. TPX also blocked RAW264.7 macrophages migration towards 3T3-L1 adipocytes in co-cultures. Furthermore, TPX alleviated LPS-induced adipose tissue inflammation in vivo by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and preventing the pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Taken together, our results indicate that TPX disrupts the inflammatory responses between macrophages and adipocytes, and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Qianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ligen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| |
Collapse
|