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Leishman S, Aljadeed NM, Qian L, Cockcroft S, Behmoaras J, Anand PK. Fatty acid synthesis promotes inflammasome activation through NLRP3 palmitoylation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114516. [PMID: 39024103 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite its significance, the role of lipid metabolism in NLRP3 inflammasome remains elusive. Here, we reveal a critical role for fatty acid synthase (FASN) in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We demonstrate that pharmacological or genetic depletion of FASN dampens NLRP3 activation in primary mouse and human macrophages and in mice. This disruption in NLRP3 activation is contingent upon FASN activity. Accordingly, abolishing cellular palmitoylation, a post-translational modification in which the FASN product palmitate is reversibly conjugated to cysteine residues of target proteins, blunts inflammasome signaling. Correspondingly, an acyl-biotin exchange assay corroborated NLRP3 palmitoylation. Mechanistically, Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligation introduces palmitoylation at NLRP3 Cys898, permitting NLRP3 translocation to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicles, the site of inflammasome assembly, upon NLRP3 activation. Accordingly, the NLRP3 Cys898 mutant exhibits reduced palmitoylation, limited translocation to the dTGN compartment, and diminished inflammasome activation. These results underscore mechanistic insights through which lipid metabolism licenses NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Leishman
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Najd M Aljadeed
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Liyunhe Qian
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shamshad Cockcroft
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JJ, UK
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders and Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paras K Anand
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
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2
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Zhou W, Zhao X, Hassan A, Jia B, Liu L, Huang Q. Uncovering the function of insulin receptor substrate in termites' immunity through active immunization. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2024; 24:1. [PMID: 38958928 PMCID: PMC11221318 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are key mediators in insulin signaling pathway. In social insect lives, IRS proteins played important roles in caste differentiation and foraging, but there function in disease defenses such as active immunization has not been reported yet. To investigate the issue, we successfully suppressed the IRS gene 3 days after dsRNA injection. Suppressing IRS gene increased the contents of glucose, trehalose, glycogen, and triglyceride and decreased the content of pyruvate in termites, and led to the metabolic disorder of glucose and lipids. IRS suppressing significantly enhanced grooming behaviors of nestmates of fungus-contaminated termites and hence increased the conidial load in the guts of the nestmates. Additionally, IRS suppressing led to significant downregulation of the immune genes Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein2 (GNBP2) and termicin and upregulation of the apoptotic gene caspase8, and hence diminished antifungal activity of nestmates of fungus-contaminated termites. The above abnormal behavioral and physiological responses significantly decreased the survival rate of dsIRS-injected nestmates of the fungus-contaminated termites. These findings suggest that IRS is involved in regulation of active immunization in termites, providing a better understanding of the link between insulin signaling and the social immunity of termites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xingying Zhao
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ali Hassan
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bao Jia
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Nanning Institute of Termite Control, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Long Liu
- Henan International Laboratory for Green Pest Control, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Pest Biological Control, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qiuying Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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3
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Hao J, Wang H, Lu X, Li Z, Zhang X. TLR4 signalling: the key to controlling EV71 replication and inflammatory response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1393680. [PMID: 38938877 PMCID: PMC11208322 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1393680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) that frequently affects children, leading to severe infections in some cases. In general, when infection occurs, the body upregulates inflammatory responses to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms to protect the host from infection. However, EV71 may inhibit host's innate immunity to promote virus infection. At present, it is not fully understood how EV71 hijack the host cells for its own replication. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a natural immune receptor, historically associated with bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses. However, it is still unclear whether and how TLR4 is altered during EV71 infection. In this study, we observed a reduction in both TLR4 protein and gene transcript levels in RD, GES-1, and Vero cells following EV71 infection, as detected by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining and western blot. Furthermore, we observed that the TLR4 downstream molecules of MYD88, p-NF-κB p65, p-TBK1 and related inflammatory cytokines were also reduced, suggesting that antiviral innate immune and inflammatory response were suppressed. To determine the impact of TLR4 changes on EV71 infection, we interfered EV71-infected RD cells with TLR4 agonist or inhibitor and the results showed that activation of TLR4 inhibited EV71 replication, while inhibition of TLR4 promote EV71 replication. Besides, EV71 replication was also promoted in TLR4 siRNA-transfected and EV71-infected RD cells. This suggests that down-regulation the expression of TLR4 by EV71 can inhibit host immune defense to promote EV71 self-replication. This novel mechanism may be a strategy for EV71 to evade host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine of Fenyang College, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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4
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Liu H, Yin G, Kohlhepp MS, Schumacher F, Hundertmark J, Hassan MIA, Heymann F, Puengel T, Kleuser B, Mosig AS, Tacke F, Guillot A. Dissecting Acute Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Therapeutic Responses of Steatotic Liver Disease Using Primary Mouse Liver and Blood Cells in a Liver-On-A-Chip Model. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2403516. [PMID: 38868948 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is hallmarked by hepatic steatosis, cell injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. This study elaborates on a multicellular biochip-based liver sinusoid model to mimic MASLD pathomechanisms and investigate the therapeutic effects of drug candidates lanifibranor and resmetirom. Mouse liver primary hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells are seeded in a dual-chamber biocompatible liver-on-a-chip (LoC). The LoC is then perfused with circulating immune cells (CICs). Acetaminophen (APAP) and free fatty acids (FFAs) treatment recapitulate acute drug-induced liver injury and MASLD, respectively. As a benchmark for the LoC, multiplex immunofluorescence on livers from APAP-injected and dietary MASLD-induced mice reveals characteristic changes on parenchymal and immune cell populations. APAP exposure induces cell death in the LoC, and increased inflammatory cytokine levels in the circulating perfusate. Under FFA stimulation, lipid accumulation, cellular damage, inflammatory secretome, and fibrogenesis are increased in the LoC, reflecting MASLD. Both injury conditions potentiate CIC migration from the perfusate to the LoC cellular layers. Lanifibranor prevents the onset of inflammation, while resmetirom decreases lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and increases the generation of FFA metabolites in the LoC. This study demonstrates the LoC potential for functional and molecular evaluation of liver disease drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang Liu
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guo Yin
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marlene Sophia Kohlhepp
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Hundertmark
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed I Abdelwahab Hassan
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix Heymann
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Puengel
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Sandy Mosig
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Adrien Guillot
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Long J, Li X, Yao C, Liu X, Li N, Zhou Y, Li D, Su S, Wang L, Liu H, Xiang Y, Yi L, Tan Y, Luo P, Cai T. The role of ZC3H12D-regulated TLR4-NF-κB pathway in LPS-induced pro-inflammatory microglial activation. Neurosci Lett 2024; 832:137800. [PMID: 38697601 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important neurotoxin that can cause inflammatory activation of microglia. ZC3H12D is a novel immunomodulator, which plays a remarkable role in neurological pathologies. It has not been characterized whether ZC3H12D is involved in the regulation of microglial activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ZC3H12D in LPS-induced pro-inflammatory microglial activation and its potential mechanism. To elucidate this, we established animal models of inflammatory injury by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mg/kg). The results of the open-field test showed that LPS caused impaired motor function in mice. Meanwhile, LPS caused pro-inflammatory activation of microglia in the mice cerebral cortex and inhibited the expression of ZC3H12D. We also constructed in vitro inflammatory injury models by treating BV-2 microglia with LPS (0.5 μg/mL). The results showed that down-regulated ZC3H12D expression was associated with LPS-induced pro-inflammatory microglial activation, and further intervention of ZC3H12D expression could inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory activation of microglia. In addition, LPS activated the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway, and this process can also be reversed by promoting ZC3H12D expression. At the same time, the addition of resveratrol, a nutrient previously proven to inhibit pro-inflammatory microglial activation, can also reverse this process by increasing the expression of ZC3H12D. Summarized, our data elucidated that ZC3H12D in LPS-induced pro-inflammatory activation of brain microglia via restraining the TLR4-NF-κB pathway. This study may provide a valuable clue for potential therapeutic targets for neuroinflammation-related injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Long
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiukuan Li
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Na Li
- Chongqing Yongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China 402160
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shengquan Su
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Liangmei Wang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yao Tan
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China.
| | - Tongjian Cai
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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6
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Huang L, Yao Y, Ruan Z, Zhang S, Feng X, Lu C, Zhao J, Yin F, Cao C, Zheng L. Baicalin nanodelivery system based on functionalized metal-organic framework for targeted therapy of osteoarthritis by modulating macrophage polarization. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:221. [PMID: 38724958 PMCID: PMC11080297 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular drugs used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) often suffer from poor pharmacokinetics and stability. Nano-platforms as drug delivery systems for drug delivery are promising for OA therapy. In this study, we reported an M1 macrophage-targeted delivery system Bai@FA-UIO-66-NH2 based on folic acid (FA) -modified metal-organic framework (MOF) loaded with baicalin (Bai) as antioxidant agent for OA therapy. With outstanding biocompatibility and high drug loading efficiency, Bai@FA-UIO-66-NH2 could be specifically uptaken by LPS-induced macrophages to serve as a potent ROS scavenger, gradually releasing Bai at the subcellular level to reduce ROS production, modulate macrophage polarization to M2, leading to alleviation of synovial inflammation in OA joints. The synergistic effect of Bai@FA-UIO-66-NH2 on macrophage polarization and ROS scavenging significantly improved the therapeutic efficacy of OA, which may provide a new insight into the design of OA precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanli Huang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Material for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Material for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zhuren Ruan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengqing Zhang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Material for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xianjing Feng
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chun Lu
- School of Materials and Environment, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 53000, China
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Material for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Feiying Yin
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Material for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Cunwei Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Material for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed By the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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7
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Yang G, Cheng J, Xu J, Shen C, Lu X, He C, Huang J, He M, Cheng J, Wang H. Metabolic heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics. J Transl Med 2024; 22:210. [PMID: 38414015 PMCID: PMC10900752 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04848-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a prototypical tumor characterized by metabolic reprogramming, which extends beyond tumor cells to encompass diverse cell types within the tumor microenvironment. Nonetheless, current research on metabolic reprogramming in renal cell carcinoma mostly focuses on either tumor cells alone or conducts analyses of all cells within the tumor microenvironment as a mixture, thereby failing to precisely identify metabolic changes in different cell types within the tumor microenvironment. METHODS Gathering 9 major single-cell RNA sequencing databases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, encompassing 195 samples. Spatial transcriptomics data were selected to conduct metabolic activity analysis with spatial localization. Developing scMet program to convert RNA-seq data into scRNA-seq data for downstream analysis. RESULTS Diverse cellular entities within the tumor microenvironment exhibit distinct infiltration preferences across varying histological grades and tissue origins. Higher-grade tumors manifest pronounced immunosuppressive traits. The identification of tumor cells in the RNA splicing state reveals an association between the enrichment of this particular cellular population and an unfavorable prognostic outcome. The energy metabolism of CD8+ T cells is pivotal not only for their cytotoxic effector functions but also as a marker of impending cellular exhaustion. Sphingolipid metabolism evinces a correlation with diverse macrophage-specific traits, particularly M2 polarization. The tumor epicenter is characterized by heightened metabolic activity, prominently marked by elevated tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycolysis while the pericapsular milieu showcases a conspicuous enrichment of attributes associated with vasculogenesis, inflammatory responses, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The scMet facilitates the transformation of RNA sequencing datasets sourced from TCGA into scRNA sequencing data, maintaining a substantial degree of correlation. CONCLUSIONS The tumor microenvironment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma demonstrates significant metabolic heterogeneity across various cell types and spatial dimensions. scMet exhibits a notable capability to transform RNA sequencing data into scRNA sequencing data with a high degree of correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwen Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiangting Cheng
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chenyang Shen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuwei Lu
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Chang He
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Minke He
- Department of Urology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Urology, Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, 966Th Huaihai Middle Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180Th Fengling Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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8
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Yang Y, Tian T, Wang Z, Li S, Li N, Luo H, Jiang Y. LncRNA 220, a newly discovered long non-conding RNA inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy in Kupffer cells in LPS-induced endotoxemic mice through the XBP1u-PI3K-AKT pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111497. [PMID: 38241842 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is recognized as a potentially fatal condition characterized by acute organ dysfunction resulting from an imbalanced immune response to infection. Acute liver injury (ALI) arises as an inflammatory outcome of immune response dysregulation associated with sepsis. Kupffer cells, which are liver-specific macrophages, are known to have a significant impact on ALI, although the precise regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Numerous studies have showcased the regulatory impact of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) on the progression of diverse ailments, yet their precise regulatory mechanisms remain predominantly unexplored. In this study, a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), referred to as lncRNA 220, was discovered using high-throughput sequencing. The expression of lncRNA 220 was found to be significantly elevated in the livers of mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia, specifically during the 8-hour time period. Furthermore, in Kupffer cells treated with LPS, lncRNA 220 was observed to inhibit apoptosis and autophagy by activating the PI3K-AKT-mTORC1 pathway. This effect was achieved through the reduction of X-box protein 1 unspliced (Xbp1u) mRNA stability and suppression of its translation in the context of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Ultimately, this intervention mitigated the progression of LPS-induced ALI. To summarize, our study establishes lncRNA 220 as a newly identified regulator that suppresses apoptosis and autophagy in Kupffer cells subjected to LPS treatment, indicating its potential as a molecular target for ALI in endotoxemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenqi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Nanhong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haihua Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Zailaie SA, Khoja BB, Siddiqui JJ, Mawardi MH, Heaphy E, Aljagthmi A, Sergi CM. Investigating the Role of Non-Coding RNA in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:10. [PMID: 38392965 PMCID: PMC10891858 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not code for protein but play key roles in regulating cellular processes. NcRNAs globally affect gene expression in diverse physiological and pathological contexts. Functionally important ncRNAs act in chromatin modifications, in mRNA stabilization and translation, and in regulation of various signaling pathways. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a set of conditions caused by the accumulation of triacylglycerol in the liver. Studies of ncRNA in NAFLD are limited but have demonstrated that ncRNAs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In this review, we summarize NAFLD's pathogenesis and clinical features, discuss current treatment options, and review the involvement of ncRNAs as regulatory molecules in NAFLD and its progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In addition, we highlight signaling pathways dysregulated in NAFLD and review their crosstalk with ncRNAs. Having a thorough understanding of the disease process's molecular mechanisms will facilitate development of highly effective diagnostic and therapeutic treatments. Such insights can also inform preventive strategies to minimize the disease's future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A. Zailaie
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center-Jeddah (KFSHRC-J), Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.Z.); (B.B.K.); (E.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Basmah B. Khoja
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center-Jeddah (KFSHRC-J), Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.Z.); (B.B.K.); (E.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Jumana J. Siddiqui
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad H. Mawardi
- Medicine Department, Gastroenterology Section, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center-Jeddah (KFSHRC-J), Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Emily Heaphy
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center-Jeddah (KFSHRC-J), Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.Z.); (B.B.K.); (E.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Amjad Aljagthmi
- Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center-Jeddah (KFSHRC-J), Jeddah 21499, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.Z.); (B.B.K.); (E.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Consolato M. Sergi
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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10
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Vincow ES, Thomas RE, Milstein G, Pareek G, Bammler T, MacDonald J, Pallanck L. Glucocerebrosidase deficiency leads to neuropathology via cellular immune activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.13.571406. [PMID: 38168223 PMCID: PMC10760128 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.13.571406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in GBA (glucosylceramidase beta), which encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the strongest genetic risk factor for the neurodegenerative disorders Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia. Recent work has suggested that neuroinflammation may be an important factor in the risk conferred by GBA mutations. We therefore systematically tested the contributions of immune-related genes to neuropathology in a Drosophila model of GCase deficiency. We identified target immune factors via RNA-Seq and proteomics on heads from GCase-deficient flies, which revealed both increased abundance of humoral factors and increased macrophage activation. We then manipulated the identified immune factors and measured their effect on head protein aggregates, a hallmark of neurodegenerative disease. Genetic ablation of humoral (secreted) immune factors did not suppress the development of protein aggregation. By contrast, re-expressing Gba1b in activated macrophages suppressed head protein aggregation in Gba1b mutants and rescued their lifespan and behavioral deficits. Moreover, reducing the GCase substrate glucosylceramide in activated macrophages also ameliorated Gba1b mutant phenotypes. Taken together, our findings show that glucosylceramide accumulation due to GCase deficiency leads to macrophage activation, which in turn promotes the development of neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn S. Vincow
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ruth E. Thomas
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Gillian Milstein
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Gautam Pareek
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Theo Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - James MacDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Leo Pallanck
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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11
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Chao Y, Li N, Xiong S, Zhang G, Gao S, Dong X. Lipidomics based on liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry reveals the protective role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha on kidney stone formation in mice treated with glyoxylate. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300452. [PMID: 37880903 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the relationship between lipid metabolism and kidney stone formation, particularly the role of key lipid regulatory factors in kidney stone formation. We evaluated the effect of the lipid regulatory factor-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha on the formation of renal stones in mice by injecting them with glyoxylate followed by treatment with either a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist fenofibrate or an antagonist GW6471 (GW). Liquid chromatography coupled with trapped ion mobility spectrometry-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based lipidomics was used to determine the lipid profile in the mouse kidneys. Histological and biochemical analyses showed that the mice injected with glyoxylate exhibited crystal precipitation and renal dysfunction. Crystallization decreased significantly in the fenofibrate group, whereas it increased significantly in the GW group. A total of 184 lipids, including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids differed significantly between the mice in the model and control groups. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activity negatively correlated with glyoxylate-induced kidney stone formation in mice, which may be related to improved fatty acid oxidation, maintenance of ceramide/complex sphingolipids cycle balance, and alleviation of disorder in phospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Chao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shili Xiong
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Songyan Gao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Ye H, Sun M, Jin Z, Yuan Y, Weng H. FTY-720 alleviates diabetes-induced liver injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:960-970. [PMID: 37038097 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the protective effect of FTY-720 on liver injury and explore its potential mechanism in diabetic mice. The diabetic mouse model was induced with streptozotocin and FTY-720 was administered for 12 weeks. We assayed biocharacters and liver function and used histopathology staining to evaluate the protective effects of FTY-720 against diabetic liver injury. Levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver were observed. mRNA and protein levels of essential enzymes for glucose metabolism were quantified in the liver and the protein expression of TLR4, HIF1α and NF-κB was determined. In vivo results revealed that FTY-720 significantly lowered blood glucose and lipids and improved liver function and alleviated liver fibrosis in diabetic mice. FTY-720 reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, with the increased catalase activity and reduced levels of malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and MCP1. Furthermore, FTY-720 modulated glucose metabolism in liver and elevated the ATP production, showing the promotion of glycogenesis and glycolysis and inhibition of gluconeogenesis. Moreover, FTY-720 inhibited the expression of TLR4 and HIF1α, contributing to restoration of liver function. In conclusion, FTY-720 ameliorates diabetes-induced liver injury and improves glucose homeostasis by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation and may be a promise drug for treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zijie Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Weng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Dutta D, Kanca O, Byeon SK, Marcogliese PC, Zuo Z, Shridharan RV, Park JH, Lin G, Ge M, Heimer G, Kohler JN, Wheeler MT, Kaipparettu BA, Pandey A, Bellen HJ. A defect in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis impairs iron metabolism and causes elevated ceramide levels. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1595-1614. [PMID: 37653044 PMCID: PMC11151872 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In most eukaryotic cells, fatty acid synthesis (FAS) occurs in the cytoplasm and in mitochondria. However, the relative contribution of mitochondrial FAS (mtFAS) to the cellular lipidome is not well defined. Here we show that loss of function of Drosophila mitochondrial enoyl coenzyme A reductase (Mecr), which is the enzyme required for the last step of mtFAS, causes lethality, while neuronal loss of Mecr leads to progressive neurodegeneration. We observe a defect in Fe-S cluster biogenesis and increased iron levels in flies lacking mecr, leading to elevated ceramide levels. Reducing the levels of either iron or ceramide suppresses the neurodegenerative phenotypes, indicating an interplay between ceramide and iron metabolism. Mutations in human MECR cause pediatric-onset neurodegeneration, and we show that human-derived fibroblasts display similar elevated ceramide levels and impaired iron homeostasis. In summary, this study identifies a role of mecr/MECR in ceramide and iron metabolism, providing a mechanistic link between mtFAS and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdeep Dutta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seul Kee Byeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul C Marcogliese
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Zhongyuan Zuo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rishi V Shridharan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Hyoung Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guang Lin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ming Ge
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gali Heimer
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jennefer N Kohler
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Wheeler
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benny A Kaipparettu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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14
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Tong F, Shen W, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhao Q, Lv H, Liu F, Meng Z, Liu J. Silencing information regulator 1 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats via the upregulation of caveolin-1. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115018. [PMID: 37336147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) is an intractable medical problem linked with to high morbidity and mortality all over the worldglobally. The prognosis of advanced acute lung injury remains persistently poor due to its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.Despite advancements in medical research, the its prognosis of advanced ALI remains persistently poor due to unclear underlying mechanisms. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of silencing information regulator 1 (SIRT1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injuryALI and to reveal its underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Male Sprague--Dawley rats were divided grouped into 4 groupsfour: normal saline group (group NS), lipopolysaccharide group (group L), SIRT1 activator SRT1720-pretreated group (group S), and SIRT1 inhibitor EX527- pretreated group (group E). Rats They were intranasally dripped with LPS to establish the model of ALI modelsacute lung injury respectively. We investigated the effect of SIRT1 on acute lung injury by analysing We analyzed the CT images of the rat lungs and used, HE staining, lung wet-to-dry ratio, inflammatory factor expression, lung injury marker expression, immunohistochemistry, and related mRNA expression to determine the effect of SIRT1 on ALI. RESULTS Our results show that LPS induction produced resulted in acute lung injury, ALI and disrupting disrupted normal SIRT1 expression, which led to the overexpression of STAT3, TLR4, TNF-ɑ, and IL-6 and suppression of Cav-1 expression. Upregulation The upregulation of Cav-1 protein and mRNA following the administration of an SIRT1 agonist resulted in reduced lung injury. SRT1720 pretreatment was closely associated with reduced expressions of STAT3,TLR4, TNF-ɑ, and IL-6. ALI lung injury was more severeworsened after administration of SIRT1 inhibitors, and the changes in the above indicators were reversed. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that SIRT1 may protect against LPS-induced acute lung injuryALI via by counteracting inflammatory remissionion, and this protective effect might may be mediated by suppressing STAT3 to activate the expression ofinduce Cav-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenchao Shen
- Department of Radiology, Huzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No.315, South Street, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department of Hospital-acquired Infection Control, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yonghe Hu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Fourth Hospital, No.169 Chengnan Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huizhi Lv
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Taizhou Sanmen County People's Hospital, No.15 Taihe Road, Hairun Street, Sanmen County, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feifan Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, No.1558 Sanhuan North Road, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital,WuXing Area NO.2 East Street, Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province, China.
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15
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Wu J, Yan J, Hua Z, Jia J, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Li J, Zhang J. Identification of molecular signatures in acute myocardial infarction based on integrative analysis of proteomics and transcriptomics. Genomics 2023; 115:110701. [PMID: 37597790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most serious cardiovascular diseases, characterized by a rapid and irreversible decline in myocardial function. Early detection of patients with MI and prolonging the optimal therapeutic window of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are particularly important. This study aimed to identify the diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for acute myocardial infarction. METHOD We generated the AMI mouse models by ligating the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery. Six time points-Sham, AMI 10-min, 1-h, 6-h, 24-h, and 72-h-were chosen to examine the molecular changes that occur during the AMI process. RNA-seq and DIA-MS were performed on the infarcted left ventricular tissues of AMI mice at each time point. Co-expression pattern genes were screened from myocardial infarction samples at different time points by time-series analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to examine these genes. Using the Interactive Gene/Protein Retrieval Tool (STRING) database, the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed and the hub genes were identified. In order to evaluate the diagnostic value of hub genes, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed. An independent data set, GSE163772, confirmed the diagnostic value of hub genes further. RESULT We obtained the expression profiles at different time points after the occurrence of heart failure through high-throughput sequencing, and found 167 genes with similar expression patterns through time series analysis. The immune response and immune-related pathways had the greatest enrichment of these genes. Among them, Itgb2 Syk, Tlr4, Tlr2, Itgax, and Lcp2 may play key roles as hub genes. Combined with the results of proteomic analysis, it was found that the expression of Coro1a in both omics increased with time. The results of external validation showed that TLR2, ITGAX, and LCP2 had good predictive ability for AMI diagnosis. CONCLUSION Itgb2, Syk, Tlr4, Tlr2, Itgax, Lcp2 and Coro1a are considered to be the seven key genes significantly associated with AMI. Our results may provide potential targets for the prevention of adverse ventricular remodeling and the treatment of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Yan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhitong Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Liu MK, Chen YJ, Chen F, Lin ZX, Zhu ZC, Lin Y, Fang YF, Wu DM. Intervention effects and related mechanisms of glycyrrhizic acid on zebrafish with Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:1317-1330. [PMID: 37555121 PMCID: PMC10405109 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i7.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevention and treatment of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a serious challenge in pediatric surgery. Exploring the mechanism of HAEC is conducive to the prevention of this disease. AIM To explore the possible mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and its therapeutic effect on HAEC. METHODS We developed a model of enteritis induced by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) in zebrafish, and treated it with different concentrations of GA. We analyzed the effect of GA on the phenotype and inflammation of zebrafish. RESULTS After treatment with TNBS, the area of the intestinal lumen in zebrafish was significantly increased, but the number of goblet cells in the intestinal lumen was significantly reduced, but these did not increase the mortality of zebrafish, indicating that the zebrafish enteritis model was successfully developed. Different concentrations of GA protected zebrafish with enteritis. In particular, high concentrations of GA were important for the prevention and control of HAEC because it significantly reduced the intestinal luminal area, increased the number of goblet cells in the intestinal lumen, and reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8. CONCLUSION GA significantly reduced the intestinal luminal area, increased the number of intestinal goblet cells, and decreased IL-1β and IL-8 in zebrafish, and is important for prevention and control of HAEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ying-Jian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zi-Cheng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yi-Fan Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dian-Ming Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian Province, China
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17
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Jiang W, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Mu H, Song Y, Zhao H. Metabolomic analysis reveals the influence of HMBOX1 on RAW264.7 cells proliferation based on UPLC-MS/MS. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:272. [PMID: 37208615 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are important effector cells in tumor progression and immune regulation. Previously, we demonstrated that the transcription suppressor homeobox containing 1(HMBOX1) exhibits immunosuppressive activity in LPS-induced acute liver injury by impeding macrophage infiltration and activation. We also observed a lower proliferation in HMBOX1-overexpressed RAW264.7 cells. However, the specific mechanism was unclear. Here, a work was performed to characterize HMBOX1 function related to cell proliferation from a metabolomics standpoint by comparing the metabolic profiles of HMBOX1-overexpressed RAW264.7 cells to those of the controls. Firstly, we assessed HMBOX1 anti-proliferation activity in RAW264.7 cells with CCK8 assay and clone formation. Then, we performed metabolomic analyses by ultra-liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to explore the potential mechanisms. Our results indicated that HMBOX1 inhibited the macrophage growth curve and clone formation ability. Metabolomic analyses showed significant changes in HMBOX1-overexpressed RAW264.7 metabolites. A total of 1312 metabolites were detected, and 185 differential metabolites were identified based on the criterion of OPLS-DA VIP > 1 and p value < 0.05. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the elevated HMBOX1 in RAW264.7 inhibited the pathways of amino acid and nucleotide metabolism. Glutamine concentrations decreased significantly in HMBOX1-overexpressed macrophages, and glutamine-related transporter SLC1A5 was also downregulated. Furthermore, SLC1A5 overexpression reversed HMBOX1 inhibition of macrophage proliferation. This study demonstrated the potential mechanism of the HMBOX1/SLC1A5 pathway in cell proliferation by regulating glutamine transportation. The results may help provide a new direction for therapeutic interventions in macrophage-related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jiang
- Central Research Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Hongli Mu
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Yuanming Song
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Hengli Zhao
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China.
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18
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González-Cuesta M, Lai ACY, Chi PY, Hsu IL, Liu NT, Wu KC, García Fernández JM, Chang YJ, Ortiz Mellet C. Serine-/Cysteine-Based sp 2-Iminoglycolipids as Novel TLR4 Agonists: Evaluation of Their Adjuvancy and Immunotherapeutic Properties in a Murine Model of Asthma. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4768-4783. [PMID: 36958376 PMCID: PMC10108363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Glycolipids with TLR4 agonistic properties can serve either as therapeutic agents or as vaccine adjuvants by stimulating the development of proinflammatory responses. Translating them to the clinical setting is hampered by synthetic difficulties, the lack of stability in biological media, and/or a suboptimal profile of balanced immune mediator secretion. Here, we show that replacement of the sugar fragment by an sp2-iminosugar moiety in a prototypic TLR4 agonist, CCL-34, yields iminoglycolipid analogues that retain or improve their biological activity in vitro and in vivo and can be accessed through scalable protocols with total stereoselectivity. Their adjuvant potential is manifested in their ability to induce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, prime the maturation of dendritic cells, and promote the proliferation of CD8+ T cells, pertaining to a Th1-biased profile. Additionally, their therapeutic potential for the treatment of asthma, a Th2-dominated inflammatory pathology, has been confirmed in an ovalbumin-induced airway hyperreactivity mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel González-Cuesta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville E-41012, Spain
| | - Alan Chuan-Ying Lai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Tzu Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chien Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - José M García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla E-41092, Spain
| | - Ya-Jen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Seville E-41012, Spain
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19
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Zymosan-Induced Murine Peritonitis Is Associated with an Increased Sphingolipid Synthesis without Changing the Long to Very Long Chain Ceramide Ratio. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032773. [PMID: 36769096 PMCID: PMC9917615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are key molecules in inflammation and defense against pathogens. Their role in dectin-1/TLR2-mediated responses is, however, poorly understood. This study investigated the sphingolipidome in the peritoneal fluid, peritoneal cells, plasma, and spleens of mice after intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mg zymosan/mouse or PBS as a control. Samples were collected at 2, 4, 8, and 16 h post-injection, using a total of 36 mice. Flow cytometry analysis of peritoneal cells and measurement of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels in the peritoneal lavages confirmed zymosan-induced peritonitis. The concentrations of sphingoid bases, dihydroceramides, ceramides, dihydrosphingomyelins, sphingomyelins, monohexosylceramides, and lactosylceramides were increased after zymosan administration, and the effects varied with the time and the matrix measured. The greatest changes occurred in peritoneal cells, followed by peritoneal fluid, at 8 h and 4 h post-injection, respectively. Analysis of the sphingolipidome suggests that zymosan increased the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids without change in the C14-C18:C20-C26 ceramide ratio. At 16 h post-injection, glycosylceramides remained higher in treated than in control mice. A minor effect of zymosan was observed in plasma, whereas sphinganine, dihydrosphingomyelins, and monohexosylceramides were significantly increased in the spleen 16 h post-injection. The consequences of the observed changes in the sphingolipidome remain to be established.
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20
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Yang LH, Dong RJ, Lu YW, Wang HM, Kuang YQ, Wang RR, Li YY. Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses reveals sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated S1PR2/PI3K/Akt pathway involved in Talaromyces marneffei infection of macrophages. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105985. [PMID: 36638850 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Talaromycosis is a fatal mycosis caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei). The pathogenic mechanisms of talaromycosis are still poorly understood. This work combined metabolomics, transcriptomics, and verification experiments in vivo and in vitro to detect metabolic profiles and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in T. marneffei infected and uninfected macrophages to explore possible pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms. A total of 256 differential metabolites (117 up-regulated and 148 down-regulated) and 1320 DEGs (1286 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated) were identified between the two groups. Integrative metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis showed sphingolipid signaling pathway is the most influential. Verification experiments showed that compared with the control group, the production of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and the expression of the S1PR1, S1PR2, phosphor-PI3K, and phosphor-Akt genes involved in the sphingolipid signaling pathway have significantly increased in the T. marneffei infection group (p < 0.05). T. marneffei activates the S1PR2/PI3K/Akt pathways in J774A.1 macrophage, regulation of the S1P singling might serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for talaromycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Hui Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Rong-Jing Dong
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Kidney Diseases, Medical College, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - You-Wang Lu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Kidney Diseases, Medical College, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - Hong-Mei Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yi-Qun Kuang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China; Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Rui-Rui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
| | - Yu-Ye Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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21
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Zeng F, Zheng J, Shen L, Herrera-Balandrano DD, Huang W, Sui Z. Physiological mechanisms of TLR4 in glucolipid metabolism regulation: Potential use in metabolic syndrome prevention. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:38-46. [PMID: 36428186 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over-nourishment or an unbalanced diet has been linked to an increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. An imbalance in glucolipid metabolism is a major cause of metabolic syndrome, which has consequences for human health. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the innate immune pattern recognition receptor family, is involved in inflammation-related disorders, autoimmune diseases, and tumors. Recent research has shown that TLR4 plays a key role in glucolipid metabolism, which is linked to insulin resistance, intestinal flora, and the development of chronic inflammation. TLR4 activation regulates glucolipid metabolism and contributes to the dynamic relationship between innate immunity and nutrition-related disorders. Further, TLR4 regulates glucolipid metabolism by controlling glycolysis and pyruvate oxidative decarboxylation, interfering with insulin signaling, regulating adipogenic gene expression levels, influencing preadipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation, and altering the intestinal microbiota and permeability. TLR4 functions may provide new therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this review is to enrich mechanistic research of diabetes, atherosclerosis, and other nutrition-related disorders by summarizing the role of TLR4 in the regulation of glucolipid metabolism as well as its physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zheng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food & Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Li Shen
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | | | - Wuyang Huang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China; School of Food & Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Zhongquan Sui
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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22
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Tang X, Wang L, Wang D, Zhang Y, Wang T, Zhu Z, Weng Y, Tao G, Wang Q, Tang L, Yan F, Wang Y. Maggot extracts chemo-prevent inflammation and tumorigenesis accompanied by changes in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in AOM/DSS-induced mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1143463. [PMID: 37200915 PMCID: PMC10185807 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1143463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses and intestinal microbiome play a crucial role in the progression of colitis-associated carcinoma (CAC). The traditional Chinese medicine maggot has been widely known owing to its clinical application and anti-inflammatory function. In this study, we investigated the preventive effects of maggot extract (ME) by intragastric administration prior to azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CAC in mice. The results showed that ME had superior advantages in ameliorating disease activity index score and inflammatory phenotype, in comparison with the AOM/DSS group. The number and size of polypoid colonic tumors were decreased after pre-administration of ME. In addition, ME was found to reverse the downregulation of tight junction proteins (zonula occluden-1 and occluding) while suppressing the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-6) in models. Moreover, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediated intracellular nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-containing signaling cascades, including inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, and exhibited decreasing expression in the mice model after ME pre-administration. 16s rRNA analysis and untargeted-metabolomics profiling of fecal samples inferred that ME revealed ideal prevention of intestinal dysbiosis in CAC mice, accompanied by and correlated with alterations in the composition of metabolites. Overall, ME pre-administration might be a chemo-preventive candidate in the initiation and development of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Daojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajing Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaojian Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Yan
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University (Suzhou) High-Tech Institute, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
- Yong Wang
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23
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Olona A, Leishman S, Anand PK. The NLRP3 inflammasome: regulation by metabolic signals. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:978-989. [PMID: 36371361 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages undergo profound metabolic reprogramming upon sensing infectious and sterile stimuli. This metabolic shift supports and regulates essential innate immune functions, including activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Within distinct metabolic networks, key enzymes play pivotal roles to control flux restraining detrimental inflammasome signaling. However, depending on the metabolic cues, specific enzymes and metabolites result in inflammasome activation outcomes which contrast other metabolic steps in the pathway. We posit that understanding which metabolic steps commit to discrete inflammasome fates will broaden our understanding of metabolic checkpoints to maintain homeostasis and offer better therapeutic options in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Olona
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK; Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, and Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Stuart Leishman
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paras K Anand
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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24
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da Costa Salomé D, de Freitas RHCN, Fraga CAM, Fernandes PD. Novel Regioisomeric Analogues of Naphthyl- N-Acylhydrazone Derivatives and Their Anti-Inflammatory Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13562. [PMID: 36362349 PMCID: PMC9657883 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When homeostasis is disturbed it can result in a pathological event named inflammation. The main drugs used in the treatment consist of non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, the side effects remain an obstacle during the treatments. In this study, we aimed to evaluate three new regioisomers analogues of naphthyl-N-acylhydrazone derivatives. METHODS Acute models of inflammation in vivo (formalin-induced licking and carrageenan-induced inflammation) as well as in vitro were used to evaluate the effects of LASSBio-2039, LASSBio-2040, and LASSBio-2041. RESULTS All three substances (at 1, 10 or 30 µmol/kg) presented significant effects in the in vivo model reducing leukocyte migration, nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-1β production. It was observed that only LASSBio-2039 significantly reduced cell migration in vitro. None of the LASSBios affected inducible nitric oxide synthase activity nor presented nitric oxide (NO) scavenger effect. No toxic effect was observed, either in vivo or in vitro. The new regioisomers analogues of naphthyl-N-acylhydrazone derivatives presented significant anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting LASSBio-2039 has a direct effect in leukocytes migratory capacity. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the data indicate that these substances present promising effects for the development of a prototype for new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana da Costa Salomé
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Programa de Pesquisa em Descoberta de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Rosana Helena Coimbra Nogueira de Freitas
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Programa de Pesquisa em Descoberta de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Manssour Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Programa de Pesquisa em Descoberta de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Patricia Dias Fernandes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e da Inflamação, Programa de Pesquisa em Descoberta de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
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25
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A Global Picture of Molecular Changes Associated to LPS Treatment in THP-1 Derived Human Macrophages by Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113447. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are among the first immune cells involved in the initiation of the inflammatory response to protect the host from pathogens. THP-1 derived macrophages (TDM) are used as a model to study the pro-inflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. Intact TDM cells were analysed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, supported by multivariate analysis, to obtain a snapshot of the molecular events sparked by LPS stimulation in macrophage-like cells. This spectroscopic analysis enabled the untargeted identification of the most significant spectral components affected by the treatment, ascribable mainly to lipid, protein, and sulfated sugar bands, thus stressing the fundamental role of these classes of molecules in inflammation and in immune response. Our study, therefore, shows that FTIR microspectroscopy enabled the identification of spectroscopic markers of LPS stimulation and has the potential to become a tool to assess those global biochemical changes related to inflammatory and anti-inflammatory stimuli of synthetic and natural immunomodulators different from LPS.
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26
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Liu JX, Liu M, Yu GZ, Zhao QQ, Wang JL, Sun YH, Koda S, Zhang B, Yu Q, Yan C, Tang RX, Jiang ZH, Zheng KY. Clonorchis sinensis infection induces hepatobiliary injury via disturbing sphingolipid metabolism and activating sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1011378. [PMID: 36339341 PMCID: PMC9627039 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1011378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) infection induces severe hepatobiliary injuries, which can cause inflammation, periductal fibrosis, and even cholangiocarcinoma. Sphingolipid metabolic pathways responsible for the generation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptor S1P receptors (S1PRs) have been implicated in many liver-related diseases. However, the role of S1PRs in C. sinensis-mediated biliary epithelial cells (BECs) proliferation and hepatobiliary injury has not been elucidated. In the present study, we found that C. sinensis infection resulted in alteration of bioactive lipids and sphingolipid metabolic pathways in mice liver. Furthermore, S1PR2 was predominantly activated among these S1PRs in BECs both in vivo and in vitro. Using JTE-013, a specific antagonist of S1PR2, we found that the hepatobiliary pathological injuries, inflammation, bile duct hyperplasia, and periductal fibrosis can be significantly inhibited in C. sinensis-infected mice. In addition, both C. sinensis excretory-secretory products (CsESPs)- and S1P-induced activation of AKT and ERK1/2 were inhibited by JTE-013 in BECs. Therefore, the sphingolipid metabolism pathway and S1PR2 play an important role, and may serve as potential therapeutic targets in hepatobiliary injury caused by C. sinensis-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Pathogen Biology, Qiqihaer Medical University, Qiqihaer, China
| | - Man Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guo-Zhi Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ling Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Qiqihaer Medical University, Qiqihaer, China
| | - Stephane Koda
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ren-Xian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Jiang
- Institute of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Viral Hepatitis, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Kui-Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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27
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Muralidharan S, Torta F, Lin MK, Olona A, Bagnati M, Moreno-Moral A, Ko JH, Ji S, Burla B, Wenk MR, Rodrigues HG, Petretto E, Behmoaras J. Immunolipidomics Reveals a Globoside Network During the Resolution of Pro-Inflammatory Response in Human Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926220. [PMID: 35844525 PMCID: PMC9280915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated changes in macrophages reshape intracellular lipid pools to coordinate an effective innate immune response. Although this has been previously well-studied in different model systems, it remains incompletely understood in primary human macrophages. Here we report time-dependent lipidomic and transcriptomic responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in primary human macrophages from healthy donors. We grouped the variation of ~200 individual lipid species measured by LC-MS/MS into eight temporal clusters. Among all other lipids, glycosphingolipids (glycoSP) and cholesteryl esters (CE) showed a sharp increase during the resolution phase (between 8h or 16h post LPS). GlycoSP, belonging to the globoside family (Gb3 and Gb4), showed the greatest inter-individual variability among all lipids quantified. Integrative network analysis between GlycoSP/CE levels and genome-wide transcripts, identified Gb4 d18:1/16:0 and CE 20:4 association with subnetworks enriched for T cell receptor signaling (PDCD1, CD86, PTPRC, CD247, IFNG) and DC-SIGN signaling (RAF1, CD209), respectively. Our findings reveal Gb3 and Gb4 globosides as sphingolipids associated with the resolution phase of inflammatory response in human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Muralidharan
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,*Correspondence: Jacques Behmoaras, ; Federico Torta,
| | - Michelle K. Lin
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antoni Olona
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marta Bagnati
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeong-Hun Ko
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shanshan Ji
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bo Burla
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R. Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Precision Medicine Translational Research Programme and Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hosana G. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Nutrients and Tissue Repair, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMC), Imperial College, London, United Kingdom,Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders (CVMD) and Center for Computational Biology (CCB), Duke NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Jacques Behmoaras, ; Federico Torta,
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28
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Mauro C, Naylor AJ, Lord JM. Themed issue: Inflammation, repair and ageing. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:1787-1789. [PMID: 35174874 PMCID: PMC9304203 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Mauro
- Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Amy J. Naylor
- Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Janet M. Lord
- Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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29
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Involvement of Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites in the Development of Inflammation in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031308. [PMID: 35163232 PMCID: PMC8835729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite all the advances of modern medicine, atherosclerosis continues to be one of the most important medical and social problems. Atherosclerosis is the cause of several cardiovascular diseases, which are associated with high rates of disability and mortality. The development of atherosclerosis is associated with the accumulation of lipids in the arterial intima and the disruption of mechanisms that maintain the balance between the development and resolution of inflammation. Fatty acids are involved in many mechanisms of inflammation development and maintenance. Endothelial cells demonstrate multiple cross-linkages between lipid metabolism and innate immunity. In addition, these processes are linked to hemodynamics and the function of other cells in the vascular wall, highlighting the central role of the endothelium in vascular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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