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Wang F, Liang L, Yu M, Wang W, Badar IH, Bao Y, Zhu K, Li Y, Shafi S, Li D, Diao Y, Efferth T, Xue Z, Hua X. Advances in antitumor activity and mechanism of natural steroidal saponins: A review of advances, challenges, and future prospects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155432. [PMID: 38518645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide following cardiovascular diseases, presents a formidable challenge in clinical settings due to the extensive toxic side effects associated with primary chemotherapy drugs employed for cancer treatment. Furthermore, the emergence of drug resistance against specific chemotherapeutic agents has further complicated the situation. Consequently, there exists an urgent imperative to investigate novel anticancer drugs. Steroidal saponins, a class of natural compounds, have demonstrated notable antitumor efficacy. Nonetheless, their translation into clinical applications has remained unrealized thus far. In light of this, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review elucidating the antitumor activity, underlying mechanisms, and inherent limitations of steroidal saponins. Additionally, we propose a series of strategic approaches and recommendations to augment the antitumor potential of steroidal saponin compounds, thereby offering prospective insights for their eventual clinical implementation. PURPOSE This review summarizes steroidal saponins' antitumor activity, mechanisms, and limitations. METHODS The data included in this review are sourced from authoritative databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and others. RESULTS A comprehensive summary of over 40 steroidal saponin compounds with proven antitumor activity, including their applicable tumor types and structural characteristics, has been compiled. These steroidal saponins can be primarily classified into five categories: spirostanol, isospirostanol, furostanol, steroidal alkaloids, and cholestanol. The isospirostanol and cholestanol saponins are found to have more potent antitumor activity. The primary antitumor mechanisms of these saponins include tumor cell apoptosis, autophagy induction, inhibition of tumor migration, overcoming drug resistance, and cell cycle arrest. However, steroidal saponins have limitations, such as higher cytotoxicity and lower bioavailability. Furthermore, strategies to address these drawbacks have been proposed. CONCLUSION In summary, isospirostanol and cholestanol steroidal saponins demonstrate notable antitumor activity and different structural categories of steroidal saponins exhibit variations in their antitumor signaling pathways. However, the clinical application of steroidal saponins in cancer treatment still faces limitations, and further research and development are necessary to advance their potential in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengge Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Lu Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR, PR China
| | - Ma Yu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Badar
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Department of Meat Science and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yongping Bao
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Zhu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Yanlin Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Saba Shafi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Dangdang Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Yongchao Diao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany.
| | - Zheyong Xue
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China.
| | - Xin Hua
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China.
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Cheng C, Xu C, Zhou W, Xue L, Wang S, Zhai Q, Dai R. Integrated network pharmacology and serum metabonomics analysis to explore the potential mechanism of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge-Phellodendron chinense Schneid herb pair in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 248:116264. [PMID: 38889577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge-Phellodendron chinense Schneid (AAPC) is one of the most widely accepted herb pairs in Chinese medicine prescription for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, the mechanisms underlying the combination of the two herbs for anti-BPH are still not completely clear. To uncover the potential mechanism of the AAPC herb pair in the treatment of BPH, chemical profiling, network pharmacology, serum metabonomics and experimental validation were integrated. UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS was performed to characterize the chemical profiling of the herb pair extract, and network pharmacology was employed to forecast the potential effective components, core targets and key signaling pathways. Then, western blot and RT-PCR experiments were conducted to verify the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway predicted by network pharmacology. Finally, the serum differential metabolites and metabolic pathways were analyzed by serum non-targeted metabonomics, and these results were jointly analyzed by MetScape. 51 chemical components of the AAPC herb pair extract were identified, including phellodendrine, magnoflorine, berberine, mangiferin, anemarsaponin BIII, etc. In network pharmacology, the predicted core targets of these components include AKT1, TNF, EGFR, PTGS2, PIK3CA, etc. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that PI3K-Akt, Rap1 and MAPK signaling pathways may play a key role in the AAPC herb pair for the treatment of BPH, and the results of animal experiments demonstrated that the herb pair could significantly inhibit the activation and expression of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt, p-NF-κB/NF-κB in protein and mRNA levels. Furthermore, 31 serum differential metabolites and three main metabolic pathways were obtained by serum non-targeted metabonomics. And the crucial metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid (AA) was obtained by integrated analysis of network pharmacology and metabonomics results. In conclusion, the AAPC herb pair can improve BPH through inhibiting the activation and expression of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway and AA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenglong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lijuan Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuxuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qirui Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ronghua Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Jiang T, Xu X. Protective effect of Timosaponin AIII on Escherichia coli-induced endometritis in mice through inhibiting inflammatory response and regulating uterine microbiota structure. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111649. [PMID: 38367462 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Endometritis is a sort of general reproductive disease, which can lead to infertility in both humans and animals. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is recognised as the main bacterial etiology of endometritis among livestock and causes huge economic losses to dairy farming industry. Antibiotics are frequently used in the clinical treatment of endometritis; nevertheless, long-term use may result in adverse effects, including bacterial resistance and food safety concerns. TSAIII, one of the active pharmacological components of A. asphodeloides, has exhibited multiple biological activities, including anticancer, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the protective effects of TSAIII in E. coli-challenged endometritis remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the role of TSAIII in E. coli-induced endometritis in mice and elucidate its specific molecular mechanisms. In the present research, TSAIII treatment markedly alleviated the E. coli-induced uterine histopathological injury, and decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in uterine tissue. Our results further demonstrated that TSAIII improved uterine epithelial barrier function by restoring the expressions of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, TSAIII administration noticeably suppressed the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Importantly, we found that TSAIII could regulate the uterine microbiota structure and composition in E. coli-induced mouse endometritis. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that treatment with TSAIII protects against E. coli-induced endometritis via modulating uterine microbiota composition, inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, in addition to improving uterine epithelial barrier function. Therefore, the results of this study provide a new therapeutic to potentially prevent endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Xuesong Xu
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, China.
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Tu H, Zhou X, Zhou H, Luo Z, Yan Y, Luo Z, Qi Q. Anti-tumor effect and mechanisms of Timosaponin AIII across diverse cancer progression. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116080. [PMID: 38402911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin derived from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, has gained attention for its versatile therapeutic properties. While well-established for its anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anticoagulant properties, emerging research highlights its potent anti-tumor capabilities. This review synthesizes recent findings on the intricate mechanisms and diverse functions of TAIII in cancer therapy, elucidating its impact on various tumor cells, encompassing the effects of TAIII on critical aspects of cancer progression, including metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Additionally, the shared features of TAIII-induced anti-tumor activities, the factors contributing to the multifaceted anti-cancer activities of TAIII, and an exploration of the advantages and disadvantages associated with the regulation of multiple anti-tumor pathways by TAIII are discussed. Furthermore, the detailed regulation of signaling pathways is delineated and tailored to specific cancer types, providing a comprehensive overview of the potential development of TAIII as a promising anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyun Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zepeng Luo
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Functional Experimental Teaching Center, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhongping Luo
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, China.
| | - Qi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Drug Ability Assessment, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Liu H, Deng R, Zhu CW, Han HK, Zong GF, Ren L, Cheng P, Wei ZH, Zhao Y, Yu SY, Lu Y. Rosmarinic acid in combination with ginsenoside Rg1 suppresses colon cancer metastasis via co-inhition of COX-2 and PD1/PD-L1 signaling axis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:193-208. [PMID: 37749237 PMCID: PMC10770033 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of mortality among CRC patients. Elevated COX-2 and PD-L1 expression in colon cancer tissue has been linked to distant metastasis of tumor cells. Although COX-2 inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate improved anti-tumor efficacy, their toxicity and variable therapeutic effects in individual patients raise concerns. To address this challenge, it is vital to identify traditional Chinese medicine components that modulate COX-2 and PD-1/PD-L1: rosmarinic acid (RA) exerts striking inhibitory effect on COX-2, while ginsenoside Rg1 (GR) possesses the potential to suppress the binding of PD-1/PD-L1. In this study we investigated whether the combination of RA and GR could exert anti-metastatic effects against CRC. MC38 tumor xenograft mouse model with lung metastasis was established. The mice were administered RA (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) alone or in combination with GR (100 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p.). We showed that RA (50, 100, 150 μM) or a COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib (1, 3, 9 μM) concentration-dependently inhibited the migration and invasion of MC38 cells in vitro. We further demonstrated that RA and Celecoxib inhibited the metastasis of MC38 tumors in vitro and in vivo via interfering with the COX-2-MYO10 signaling axis and inhibiting the generation of filopodia. In the MC38 tumor xenograft mice, RA administration significantly decreased the number of metastatic foci in the lungs detected by Micro CT scanning; RA in combination with GR that had inhibitory effect on the binding of PD-1 and PD-L1 further suppressed the lung metastasis of colon cancer. Compared to COX-2 inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, RA and GR displayed better safety profiles without disrupting the tissue structures of the liver, stomach and colon, offering insights into the lower toxic effects of clinical traditional Chinese medicine against tumors while retaining its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Kuan Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gang-Fan Zong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lang Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhong-Hong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Su-Yun Yu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Liu Z, Cao Y, Guo X, Chen Z. The Potential Role of Timosaponin-AIII in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:5500. [PMID: 37513375 PMCID: PMC10386027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, as one of the leading causes of death worldwide, has challenged current chemotherapy drugs. Considering that treatments are expensive, alongside the resistance of tumor cells to anticancer drugs, the development of alternative medicines is necessary. Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, a recognized and well-known medicinal plant for more than two thousand years, has demonstrated its effectiveness against cancer. Timosaponin-AIII (TSAIII), as a bioactive steroid saponin isolated from A. asphodeloides, has shown multiple pharmacological activities and has been developed as an anticancer agent. However, the molecular mechanisms of TSAIII in protecting against cancer development are still unclear. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the anticancer effects of TSAIII, including proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, autophagy mediation, migration and invasion suppression, anti-angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant effects. The pharmacokinetic profiles of TSAII are also discussed. TSAIII exhibits efficacy against cancer development. However, hydrophobicity and low bioavailability may limit the application of TSAIII. Effective delivery systems, particularly those with tissue/cell-targeted properties, can also significantly improve the anticancer effects of TSAIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yifan Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhixi Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Huang X, He Y, Zhang M, Lu Z, Zhang T, Wang B. GPP-TSAIII nanocomposite hydrogel-based photothermal ablation facilitates melanoma therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1277-1295. [PMID: 37039332 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2200997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising cancer treatment, but its application is limited by low photoconversion efficiency. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel graphene oxide (GO)-based nanocomposite hydrogel to improve the bioavailability of timosaponin AIII (TSAIII) while maximizing PTT efficacy and enhancing the antitumor effect. METHODS GO was modified via physical cross-linking with polyvinyl alcohol. The pore structure of the gel was adjusted by repeated freeze-thawing and the addition of polyethylene glycol 2000 to obtain a nanocomposite hydrogel (GPP). The GPP loaded with TSAIII constituted a GPP-TSAIII drug delivery system, and its efficacy was evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity, apoptosis, migration, and uptake analyses, and in vivo antitumor studies. RESULTS The encapsulation rate of GPP-TSAIII was 66.36 ± 3.97%, with slower in vitro release and higher tumor cell uptake (6.4-fold) compared to TSAIII. GPP-TSAIII in combination with PTT showed better bioavailability and antitumor effects in vivo than did TSAIII, with a 1.9-fold higher tumor suppression rate than the TSAIII group. CONCLUSIONS GPP is a potential vehicle for delivery of TSAIII-like poor water-soluble anticancer drugs. The innovative PTT co-delivery system may serve as a safe and effective melanoma treatment platform for further anticancer translational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihao He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhui Lu
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Long hua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Zhang F, Zhang XX, Zhang JG, Thakur K, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto MA, Khan MR, Cao H, Wei ZJ. Asparanin A exerts cytotoxicity on human endometrial cancer Ishikawa cells via regulating miR-6236-p5_4 expression. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 178:113900. [PMID: 37369310 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs are emerging as a novel proto-oncogene or tumor suppressor in the initiation and progression of cancer. Several plants naturally contain asparanin A (AA), which has potent anticancer properties. Previously, we discovered that AA exposure increased the expression of miR-6236-p5_4 and caused cytotoxicity in endometrial carcinoma (EC) Ishikawa cells. Herein, the regulation mechanism of miR-6236-p5_4 in the anticancer activity of AA in EC was investigated. Our results showed that the overexpressed miR-6236-p5_4 contributed to modulating cell viability and cell cycle arrest, triggering cell apoptosis, and suppressing migration. Conversely, down-regulation of miR-6236-p5_4 attenuated the anti-cancer effect of AA. Additionally, the PI3K-Akt, p53, Ras, and Rap1 signaling pathways were demonstrated to be the key pathways, whereas CDK6, PIK3CB, and KRAS were found to be directly functional target genes. Our findings imply that miRNA-6236-p5_4 can act as both a molecular diagnostic for the clinical identification and prognosis of EC and a tumor suppressor in AA against EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, People's Republic of China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China; School of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, E-32004, Spain.
| | - Xiu-Xiu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- School of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, E-32004, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- School of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, E-32004, Spain.
| | - Mohammad Rizwan Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hui Cao
- School of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, E-32004, Spain.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
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Liao YF, Pan HJ, Abudurezeke N, Yuan CL, Yuan YL, Zhao SD, Zhang DD, Huang S. Functional Axis of PDE5/cGMP Mediates Timosaponin-AIII-Elicited Growth Suppression of Glioblastoma U87MG Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093795. [PMID: 37175205 PMCID: PMC10180307 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor, with high mortality. Timosaponin AIII (TIA), a steroidal saponin isolated from the medicinal plant Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge., has been shown to possess anticancer properties in various cancer types. However, the effect of TIA on GBM is unknown. In this study, we reveal that TIA not only inhibited U87MG in vitro cell growth but also in vivo tumor development. Moreover, we found that the cause of TIA-induced cell growth suppression was apoptosis. When seeking to uncover antitumor mechanisms of TIA, we found that TIA diminished the expression of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5(PDE5) while elevating the levels of guanylate cyclases (sGCβ), cellular cGMP, and phosphorylation of VASPser239. Following the knockdown of PDE5, PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil and cGMP analog 8-Bro-cGMP both inhibited cell growth and inactivated β-catenin; we reason that TIA elicited an antitumor effect by suppressing PDE5, leading to the activation of the cGMP signaling pathway, which, in turn, impeded β-catenin expression. As β-catenin is key for cell growth and survival in GBM, this study suggests that TIA elicits its anti-tumorigenic effect by interfering with β-catenin function through the activation of a PDE5/cGMP functional axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang Liao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Jun Pan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Nuerziba Abudurezeke
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chun-Lu Yuan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan-Li Yuan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shu-Da Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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10
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Liu C, Cong Z, Wang S, Zhang X, Song H, Xu T, Kong H, Gao P, Liu X. A review of the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115857. [PMID: 36330891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge., belonging to the family Liliaceae, are named 'Zhi-mu' according to traditional Chinese medicine theory. It is a medicinal plant that has long been used as a tonic agent in various ethnomedicinal systems in East Asia, especially in China, and also for treating arthralgia, hematochezia, tidal fever, night sweats, cough, dry mouth and tongue, hemoptysis, etc. THE ARM OF THE REVIEW: The review aims to provide a systematic overview of botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and to explore the future therapeutic potential and scientific potential of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed on Anemarrhena asphodeloides using scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, Elsevier, SpringerLink, ACS publications, ancient books, Doctoral and master's Theses. Collected data from different sources was comprehensively summarised for botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of Anemarrhena asphodeloides. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis of the literature as mentioned above confirmed that the ethnomedical uses of Anemarrhena asphodeloides had a history of thousands of years in eastern Asian countries. Two hundred sixty-nine compounds have been identified from Anemarrhena asphodeloides, including steroidal saponins, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, steroids, organic acids, polysaccharides, benzophenones and other ingredients. Studies have shown that the extracts and compounds from Anemarrhena asphodeloides have extensive pharmacological activities, such as nervous system activity, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antiosteoporotic, antiallergic, antiplatelet aggregation, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-ageing, hair growth promoting, preventing cell damage, etc. Evaluating the quality and toxicity of Anemarrhena asphodeloides is essential to confirm its safe use in humans. CONCLUSION Anemarrhena asphodeloides is widely used in traditional medicine and have diverse chemical constituents with obvious biological activities. Nevertheless, more studies should be carried out in animals and humans to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in its biological activity and confirm its safe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Huaying Song
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Tianren Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Hongwei Kong
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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The Association of Improved Overall Survival with NSAIDs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Clin Lung Cancer 2023; 24:287-294. [PMID: 36804711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are commonly used in the management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but response is suboptimal. Preclinical data suggest ICI efficacy may be enhanced with concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, the Veterans Health Administration Corporate Data Warehouse was queried for patients diagnosed with NSCLC and treated with ICI from 2010 to 2018. Concomitant NSAID use was defined as NSAID dispensation by a VA pharmacy within 90 days of the any ICI infusion. To mitigate immortal time bias, patients who started NSAIDs 60 or more days after ICI initiation were excluded from analysis. Survival was measured from start of ICI. RESULTS We identified 3634 patients with NSCLC receiving ICI; 2336 (64.3%) were exposed to concomitant NSAIDs. On multivariable analysis, NSAIDs were associated with better overall survival (HR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98; P = .010). When stratifying by NSAID type, diclofenac was the only NSAID with significant association with overall survival (HR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.83; P < .001). Propensity score matching of the original cohort yielded 1251 patients per cohort balanced in characteristics. NSAIDs remained associated with improved overall survival (HR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.92; P < .001). CONCLUSION This study of Veterans with NSCLC treated with ICI demonstrated that concomitant NSAIDs are associated with longer OS. This may indicate that NSAIDs can enhance ICI-induced antitumor immunity and should prospectively validated.
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Chien HJ, Liu CJ, Ying TH, Wu PJ, Wang JW, Ting YH, Hsieh YH, Wang SC. Timosaponin AIII Inhibits Migration and Invasion Abilities in Human Cervical Cancer Cells through Inactivation of p38 MAPK-Mediated uPA Expression In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010037. [PMID: 36612038 PMCID: PMC9817900 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers globally that require novel approaches. Timosaponin AIII (TSAIII) is a steroidal saponin that displays beneficial effects in antitumor activities. However, the effect of TSAIII on human cervical cancer remains unknown. In this study, we found that TSAIII showed no influence on cell viability, cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction in human cervical cancer cells. TSAIII was revealed to have a significant inhibitory effect on cell migration and invasion through the downregulation of invasion-related uPA expression and p38 MAPK activation in both human cervical cancer cells and cervical cancer stem cells (CCSCs), indicating that the p38 MAPK-uPA axis mediated the TSAIII-inhibited capacity of cellular migration and invasion. In a synergistic inhibition assay, a TSAIII plus p38 siRNA cotreatment revealed a greater inhibition of uPA expression, migration and invasion in human cervical cancer cells. In an immunodeficient mouse model, TSAIII significantly inhibited lung metastases from human cervical cancer SiHa cells without TSAIII-induced toxicity. These findings first revealed the inhibitory effects of TSAIII on the progression of human cervical cancer through its downregulation of p38 MAPK-uPA axis activation. Therefore, TSAIII might provide a potential strategy for auxiliary therapy in human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ju Chien
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Regenetative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ho Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ju Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wei Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Regenetative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ting
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.H.); (S.-C.W.)
| | - Shih-Chiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung 40764, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.H.); (S.-C.W.)
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In vivo assessment of tumor targeting potential of 68Ga-labelled randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (RAMEB) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) using positron emission tomography. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122462. [PMID: 36462739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin derivates (CyDs) can form complexes with cyclooxygenase-2 induced tumor promoting prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Based on our previous observations, 68Ga-labelled CyDs may represent promising radiopharmaceuticals in the positron emission tomography (PET) diagnostics of PGE2 positive tumors. We aimed at evaluating the tumor-targeting potential of 68Ga-NODAGA conjugated randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (68Ga-NODAGA-RAMEB) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (68Ga-NODAGA-HPβCD) using in vivo PET imaging with experimental tumor models. Tumor radiopharmaceutical uptake was assessed applying PET and gamma counter in vivo and ex vivo respectively, following the administration of 18FDG, 68Ga-NODAGA-RAMEB or 68Ga-NODAGA-HPβCD via the lateral tail vein to the subsequent tumor-bearing animals: HT1080, A20, PancTu-1, BxPC3, B16-F10, Ne/De and He/De. All investigated tumors were identifiable with both 68Ga-labelled CyDs; however, in vivo results, in correlation with the ex vivo data, revealed that the PGE2 positive BxPC3, A20, Ne/De and He/De tumors presented the highest accumulation. In case of HT1080, A20, B16-F10 tumors significant differences were encountered between the accumulations of both 68Ga-labelled radiopharmaceuticals of the same tumor. Subcutaneously and the orthotopically transplanted Ne/De tumors differed significantly (p ≤ 0.01) regarding tracer uptake. 68Ga-labelled CyDs may open a novel field in the PET diagnostics of PGE2 positive primary tumors and metastases.
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Lin CT, Lin CF, Wu JT, Tsai HP, Cheng SY, Liao HJ, Lin TC, Wu CH, Lin YC, Wang JH, Chang GR. Effects of Para-Toluenesulfonamide on Canine Melanoma Xenotransplants in a BALB/c Nude Mouse Model. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172272. [PMID: 36077992 PMCID: PMC9454485 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Canine melanomas are malignant neoplasms, and primary melanomas arise at the footpad, nail bed, gastrointestinal tract, mucocutaneous junction, and eyes. Para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) is a small molecule that acts against several cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma, nonsmall-cell lung cancer, and tongue squamous cell carcinoma). The pharmacological pathway of PTS has the potential to exert anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic functions. We established canine melanoma xenografts in mice and randomized the animals into four treatment groups: saline, cisplatin, PTS, and PTS combined with cisplatin. The findings indicated that compared with the control mice, mice treated with PTS and the combination of PTS and cisplatin showed retarded tumor growth; increased tumor apoptosis through the upregulation of caspase 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation; decreased inflammation levels of cytokines, such as interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6; reduced inflammation-related factors, such as the cyclooxygenase-2 protein and nuclear factor-κB mRNA; enhanced anti-inflammation-related factors; and inhibition of the metastasis-related factors transforming growth factor β, CD44, epidermal growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Combining cisplatin with PTS has a stronger effect than PTS alone. These findings may prove useful in further explorations of the application of PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin to the treatment of canine melanoma in general. Abstract The pharmacological pathway of para-toluenesulfonamide (PTS) restricts the kinase activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin, potentially leading to reductions in cell division, cell growth, cell proliferation, and inflammation. These pathways have a critical effect on tumorigenesis. We aimed to examine the antitumor effect of PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin on canine melanoma implanted in BALB/c nude mice by estimating tumor growth, apoptosis expression, inflammation, and metastasis. The mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, cisplatin, PTS, and PTS combined with cisplatin. Mice treated with PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin had retarded tumor growth and increased tumor apoptosis through the enhanced expression of cleaved caspase 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation, decreased inflammatory cytokine levels, reduced inflammation-related factors, enhanced anti-inflammation-related factors, and inhibition of metastasis-related factors. Mice treated with PTS combined with cisplatin exhibited significantly retarded tumor growth, reduced tumor size, and increased tumor inhibition compared with those treated with cisplatin or PTS alone. PTS or PTS combined with cisplatin could retard canine melanoma growth and inhibit tumorigenesis. PTS and cisplatin were found to have an obvious synergistic tumor-inhibiting effect on canine melanoma. PTS alone and PTS combined with cisplatin may be antitumor agents for canine melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Teng Lin
- Ph.D. Program of Agriculture Science, National Chiayi University, 300 University Road, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Fu Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Te Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Pei Tsai
- Ph.D. Program of Agriculture Science, National Chiayi University, 300 University Road, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ying Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Department of Pet Medicine, Gongwin Biopharma Co., Ltd., 1 Section, 80 Jianguo North Road, Zhongshan District, Taipei 104001, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jyuan Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Department of Pet Medicine, Gongwin Biopharma Co., Ltd., 1 Section, 80 Jianguo North Road, Zhongshan District, Taipei 104001, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Department of Pet Medicine, Gongwin Biopharma Co., Ltd., 1 Section, 80 Jianguo North Road, Zhongshan District, Taipei 104001, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Hsiung Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.W.); (G.-R.C.); Tel.: +886-5-2732959 (J.-H.W.); +886-5-2732946 (G.-R.C.)
| | - Geng-Ruei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.W.); (G.-R.C.); Tel.: +886-5-2732959 (J.-H.W.); +886-5-2732946 (G.-R.C.)
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Li X, Lu W, Zhou T, Zhao F, Yang L. Timosaponin AIII Suppresses RAP1 Signaling Pathway to Enhance the Inhibitory Effect of Paclitaxel on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6756676. [PMID: 35586672 PMCID: PMC9110172 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6756676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although PTX has been identified as an effective drug for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) therapy, it has serious side effects in the human body. Previous studies have shown that timosaponin AIII (TSAIII) can inhibit the malignant progression of NPC cells. This study investigated the active mechanism of the combination of TSAIII and paclitaxel (PTX) on NPC. Cellular viability, apoptosis, apoptotic factors, and RAP1 signaling regulators were detected in the PNC cells (CNE-1 and HNE-2) and the subcutaneous CNE-1 transplanted nude mice treated with PTX or/and TSAIII. The results showed that TSAIII notably strengthened the inhibitory effect of PTX on the proliferation of NPC cells CNE-1 and HNE-2; upregulated the expression of Bax B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-xL-associated death promoter (Bad), and Ras-associated protein1 (RAP1) GTPase activating protein (Rap1GAP); inhibited the level of Bcl-2, RAP1, and Ras guanine nucleotide releasing protein (RasGRP2); and significantly enhanced the promoting effect of PTX on apoptosis in the CNE-1 and HNE-2 cells. Besides, TSAIII strengthened the inhibitory effect of PTX on xenograft tumor in nude mice without adverse reactions. In conclusion, the combination administration of TSAIII and PTX had a significantly therapeutic effect on NPC and avoided the PTX's side effects, which may have acted as a new direction for the study of therapeutic approaches for NPC clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Otorhinolarynology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Otorhinolarynology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolarynology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolarynology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Guang'an City, Guang'an 638001, China
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Nakamura N, Fujihara H, Kawaguchi K, Yamada H, Nakayama R, Yasukawa M, Kishi Y, Hamada Y, Masutani M. Possible Action of Olaparib for Preventing Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052527. [PMID: 35269669 PMCID: PMC8909974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment, the prognosis of oral cancer remains poor, and prevention of recurrence and metastasis is critical. Olaparib is a PARP1 inhibitor that blocks polyADP-ribosylation, which is involved in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristic of tumor recurrence. We explored the potential of olaparib in inhibiting cancer invasion in oral carcinoma using three oral cancer cell lines, HSC-2, Ca9-22, and SAS. Olaparib treatment markedly reduced their proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion. Furthermore, qRT-PCR revealed that olaparib inhibited the mRNA expression of markers associated with tumorigenesis and EMT, notably Ki67, Vimentin, β-catenin, MMP2, MMP9, p53, and integrin α2 and β1, while E-Cadherin was upregulated. In vivo analysis of tumor xenografts generated by injection of HSC-2 cells into the masseter muscles of mice demonstrated significant inhibition of tumorigenesis and bone invasion by olaparib compared with the control. This was associated with reduced expression of proteins involved in osteoclastogenesis, RANK and RANKL. Moreover, SNAIL and PARP1 were downregulated, while E-cadherin was increased, indicating the effect of olaparib on proteins associated with EMT in this model. Taken together, these findings confirm the effects of olaparib on EMT and bone invasion in oral carcinoma and suggest a new therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Nakamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (N.N.); (K.K.); (M.Y.); (Y.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Hisako Fujihara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (N.N.); (K.K.); (M.Y.); (Y.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Oral Hygiene, Tsurumi Junior College, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-45-580-8330; Fax: +81-45-581-1391
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (N.N.); (K.K.); (M.Y.); (Y.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Hiroyuki Yamada
- Division of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University, 19-1 Uchimaru, Morioka 020-8050, Japan;
| | - Ryoko Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Masaaki Yasukawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (N.N.); (K.K.); (M.Y.); (Y.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuta Kishi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (N.N.); (K.K.); (M.Y.); (Y.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yoshiki Hamada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (N.N.); (K.K.); (M.Y.); (Y.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Mitsuko Masutani
- Department of Frontier Life Science, Graduate School of Biochemical Science, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan;
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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Sesquiterpene Lactone Deoxyelephantopin Isolated from Elephantopus scaber and Its Derivative DETD-35 Suppress BRAF V600E Mutant Melanoma Lung Metastasis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063226. [PMID: 33810045 PMCID: PMC8004649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly metastatic disease with an increasing rate of incidence worldwide. It is treatment refractory and has poor clinical prognosis; therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents for metastatic melanoma are urgently required. In this study, we created a lung-seeking A375LM5IF4g/Luc BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cell clone and investigated the bioefficacy of a plant sesquiterpene lactone deoxyelephantopin (DET) and its novel semi-synthetic derivative, DETD-35, in suppressing metastatic A375LM5IF4g/Luc melanoma growth in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. DET and DETD-35 treatment inhibited A375LM5IF4g/Luc cell proliferation, and induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, A375LM5IF4g/Luc exhibited clonogenic, metastatic and invasive abilities, and several A375LM5IF4g/Luc metastasis markers, N-cadherin, MMP2, vimentin and integrin α4 were significantly suppressed by treatment with either compound. Interestingly, DET- and DETD-35-induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation and glutathione (GSH) depletion were found to be upstream events important for the in vitro activities, because exogenous GSH supplementation blunted DET and DETD-35 effects on A375LM5IF4g/Luc cells. DET and DETD-35 also induced mitochondrial DNA mutation, superoxide production, mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunction, and mitochondrial protein deregulation. Most importantly, DET and DETD-35 inhibited lung metastasis of A375LM5IF4g/Luc in NOD/SCID mice through inhibiting pulmonary vascular permeability and melanoma cell (Mel-A+) proliferation, angiogenesis (VEGF+, CD31+) and EMT (N-cadherin) in the tumor microenvironment in the lungs. These findings indicate that DET and DETD-35 may be useful in the intervention of lung metastatic BRAFV600E mutant melanoma.
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Hsieh YH, Hsu WH, Yang SF, Liu CJ, Lu KH, Wang PH, Lin RC. Potential Antimetastatic Effect of Timosaponin AIII against Human Osteosarcoma Cells through Regulating the Integrin/FAK/Cofilin Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030260. [PMID: 33799345 PMCID: PMC8000016 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TSAIII) is a steroidal saponin which demonstrates anti-tumour activities. However, the effect of TSAIII on human osteosarcoma cells remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that TSAIII exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the distribution of cytoskeletal F-actin and cytoskeletal-related proteins, which contributed to the suppression of cell migration and invasion, without inhibiting cell growth or apoptosis. In the synergistic inhibitory analysis, cotreatment of TSAIII with αVβ3 integrin inhibitor [Cyclo(RGDyK)] or focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor (PF-573228) exerted greater synergistic inhibitory effects on the expression of Intergin αVβ3/FAK/cofilin axis, thus inhibiting the migration and invasion capacities of human osteosarcoma cells. TSAIII was demonstrated to significantly inhibit the pulmonary metastasis formation of human osteosarcoma cells in vivo in metastasis animal models. These findings reveal the inhibitory effects of TSAIII on the metastasis progression of human osteosarcoma cells and the regulation of integrin-αVβ3-FAK-Src and TESK1/p-cofilin mediated cytoskeletal F-actin pathway. Therefore, TSAIII might represent a novel strategy for the auxiliary treatment of human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (S.-F.Y.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung, Medical University, Kaoshiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (C.-J.L.)
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (S.-F.Y.); (P.-H.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Jung Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung, Medical University, Kaoshiung 80756, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (C.-J.L.)
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Wang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (Y.-H.H.); (S.-F.Y.); (P.-H.W.)
| | - Renn-Chia Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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19
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Zhang F, Ni ZJ, Ye L, Zhang YY, Thakur K, Cespedes-Acuña CL, Han J, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. Asparanin A inhibits cell migration and invasion in human endometrial cancer via Ras/ERK/MAPK pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 150:112036. [PMID: 33561516 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asparanin A (AA), a natural compound present in vegetables and medicinal herbs like Asparagus officinalis L., has been investigated extensively for its pharmacological attributes. So far, the effect of AA on endometrial cancer (EC) cell migration and invasion has not been explored. Herein, we elucidated the anti-metastasis mechanism of AA on Ishikawa cells based on miRNA-seq and mRNA-seq integrated analyses. AA treatment led to altered miRNAs expression in Ishikawa cells and inhibited the cell wound healing, cell migration and invasion. Gene Ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the target genes of different expression miRNAs were significantly enriched in Ras, Rap1 and MAPK signaling pathways. Further verification of these changes via qRT-PCR and Western blot assays in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that AA could suppress human EC cell migration and invasion through Ras/ERK/MAPK pathway. Furthermore, top two miRNAs (miR-6236-p5 and miR-12136_R+8) and top three target genes (KITLG, PDGFD, and NRAS) were identified as functional hub miRNAs and genes through miRNA-target gene network analysis. Our data presented a holistic approach to comprehend the anti-metastatic role of AA in EC after in vitro and in vivo analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | | | - Jinzhi Han
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, School of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Zhang M, Qu J, Gao Z, Qi Q, Yin H, Zhu L, Wu Y, Liu W, Yang J, Huang X. Timosaponin AIII Induces G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer by Activating the ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:601468. [PMID: 33628174 PMCID: PMC7898553 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.601468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin, exerts potent anti-tumor activity in various cancers, especially breast cancer. However, the concrete molecular mechanisms of TAIII against breast cancer are still unclear. Here, we find that TAIII triggers DNA damage, leads to G2/M arrest, and ultimately induces apoptosis in breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. TAIII induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells accompanied with down-regulation of CyclinB1, Cdc2 and Cdc25C. Further data showed that the ATM/Chk2 and p38 pathways were activated representing by up-regulated levels of p-H2A.X and p-p38, which indicated an induction of DNA damage by TAIII, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The effects of TAIII were further confirmed by employing inhibitors of ATM and p38 pathways. In vivo, TAIII suppressed the growth of subcutaneous xenograft tumor without obvious toxicity, which indicated by Ki67 and TUNEL analysis. Data also showed that TAIII stimulated the ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK pathways in vivo, which in consistent with the effects in vitro. Hence, our data demonstrate that TAIII triggers DNA damage and activates ATM/Chk2 and p38 MAPK pathways, and then induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer, which provide theoretical evidence for TAIII utilized as drug against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxi Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Xie L, Lee DYW, Shang Y, Cao X, Wang S, Liao J, Zhang T, Dai R. Characterization of spirostanol glycosides and furostanol glycosides from anemarrhenae rhizoma as dual targeted inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase-2 by employing a combination of affinity ultrafiltration and HPLC/MS. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 77:153284. [PMID: 32707371 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modulation of the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade via 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) represent the two major pathways for treatments of inflammation and pain. The design and development of inhibitors targeting both 5-LOX and COX-2 has gained increasing popularity. As evidenced, 5-LOX and COX-2 dual targeted inhibitors have recently emerged as the front runners of anti-inflammatory drugs with improved efficacy and reduced side effects. Natural products represent a rich resource for the discovery of dual targeted 5-LOX and COX-2 inhibitors. By combining affinity ultrafiltration and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (AUF-LC-MS), an efficient method was developed to identify spirostanol glycosides and furostanol glycosides as the 5-LOX/COX-2 dual inhibitors from saponins extract of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (SEAR). METHODS A highly efficient method by combining affinity ultrafiltration and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (AUF-LC-MS) was first developed to screen and characterize the 5-LOX/COX-2 dual targeted inhibitors from SEAR. The structures of compounds in the ultrafiltrate were characterized by high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). In addition, in vitro 5-LOX/COX-2 inhibition assays and their dual expression in vivo were performed to confirm the inhibitory activities of the compounds screened by AUF-LC-MS. Molecular docking studies with the corresponding binding energy were obtained which fit nicely to both 5-LOX and COX-2 protein cavities and in agreement with our affinity studies. RESULTS A total of 5 compounds, timosaponin A-II, timosaponin A-III, timosaponin B-II, timosaponin B-III and anemarrhenasaponin I, were identified as potential 5-LOX/COX-2 dual targeted inhibitors with specific binding values > 1.5 and IC50 ≤ 6.07 μM. CONCLUSION The present work demonstrated that spirostanol glycoside and furostanol glycoside were identified as two novel classes of dual inhibitors of 5-LOX/COX-2 enzymes by employing a highly efficient screening method of AUF-LC-MS. These natural products represent a novel class of anti-inflammatory agents with the potential of improved efficacy and reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - David Yue-Wei Lee
- Mailman Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Ying Shang
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaotong Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jun Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Ronghua Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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22
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Ercoli J, Finetti F, Woodby B, Belmonte G, Miracco C, Valacchi G, Trabalzini L. KRIT1 as a possible new player in melanoma aggressiveness. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 691:108483. [PMID: 32735866 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Krev interaction trapped protein 1 (KRIT1) is a scaffold protein known to form functional complexes with distinct proteins, including Malcavernin, PDCD10, Rap1 and others. It appears involved in several cellular signaling pathways and exerts a protective role against inflammation and oxidative stress. KRIT1 has been studied as a regulator of endothelial cell functions and represents a determinant in the pathogenesis of Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM), a cerebrovascular disease characterized by the formation of clusters of abnormally dilated and leaky blood capillaries, which predispose to seizures, neurological deficits and intracerebral hemorrhage. Although KRIT1 is ubiquitously expressed, few studies have described its involvement in pathologies other than CCM including cancer. Cutaneous melanoma represents the most fatal skin cancer due to its high metastatic propensity. Despite the numerous efforts made to define the signaling pathways activated during melanoma progression, the molecular mechanisms at the basis of melanoma growth, phenotype plasticity and resistance to therapies are still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Ercoli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Federica Finetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Belmonte
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Clelia Miracco
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, NC, USA; Dept. of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Lorenza Trabalzini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Italy.
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23
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Hierarchically targetable fiber rods decorated with dual targeting ligands and detachable zwitterionic coronas. Acta Biomater 2020; 110:231-241. [PMID: 32380183 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The shapes of drug carriers have significant effects on the drug's blood circulation lifetime and tumor accumulation levels. In this study, nonspherical drug carriers of fiber rods are enhanced with hierarchically targeting capabilities to achieve long circulation in blood, on-demand recovery of cell targeting ligands in tumor tissues and dual ligands-mediated cellular uptake. Zwitterionic polymers are conjugated on fiber rods via acid-labile linkers as stealth coronas to reduce the capture by macrophages and shield the targeting ligands. Compared with commonly used poly(ethylene glycol), the zwitterionic grafts show significantly higher inhibition of protein adsorption and lower internalization by macrophages, leading to around 2 folds longer blood circulation and over 2.5 folds higher drug accumulation in tumors than pristine fiber rods. To address the conflicts between blood circulation and cellular uptake, the zwitterionic coronas are efficiently removed in the slightly acidic tumor microenvironment. The exposure of targeting ligands could activate the internalization by tumor cells, resulting in higher cytotoxicity and tumor accumulation than those with stable linkers. Fiber rods are grafted with dual ligands of folate and biotin, and the optimal ligand densities and ratios are determined to maximize the tumor cell uptake. Compared with other treatment, fiber rods with decorated zwitterionic coronas and acid-liable exposure of dual targeting ligands enhance the suppression of tumor growth, prolong animal survival, and cause less lung metastasis. The development of fiber rods with hierarchically targeting capabilities shows great potential in improving the blood circulation, tumor accumulation and cellular uptake, and eventually promoting therapeutic efficacy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents will encounter a series of biological and pathological barriers. In this study, fiber rods were empowered with hierarchically targeting capabilities to resolve the conflict between blood circulation and cellular uptake. This strategy has shown several advantages over the existing methods. Firstly, zwitterionic polymers were used as blood circulation ligands, and concrete evidence was provided via head-to-head comparison with commonly used poly(ethylene glycol) ligands in the macrophage uptake and in vivo tissue distribution. Secondly, the depletion of circulation ligands and on-demand exposure of targeting ligands in tumor tissues showed crucial effects on the uptake by tumor cells. Thirdly, the densities and ratios of the dual targeting ligands were initially determined for a maximal cellular internalization.
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24
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Lin Y, Zhao WR, Shi WT, Zhang J, Zhang KY, Ding Q, Chen XL, Tang JY, Zhou ZY. Pharmacological Activity, Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicity of Timosaponin AIII, a Natural Product Isolated From Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:764. [PMID: 32581782 PMCID: PMC7283383 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge is a famous Chinese Materia Medica and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for more than two thousand years. Steroidal saponins are important active components isolated from A. asphodeloides Bunge. Among which, the accumulation of numerous experimental studies involved in Timosaponin AIII (Timo AIII) draws our attention in the recent decades. In this review, we searched all the scientific literatures using the key word "timosaponin AIII" in the PubMed database update to March 2020. We comprehensively summarized the pharmacological activity, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of Timo AIII. We found that Timo AIII presents multiple-pharmacological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-neuronal disorders, anti-inflammation, anti-coagulant, and so on. And the anti-cancer effect of Timo AIII in various cancers, especially hepatocellular cancer and breast cancer, is supposed as its most potential activity. The anti-inflammatory activity of Timo AIII is also beneficial to many diseases. Moreover, VEGFR, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI1), thromboxane (Tx) A2 receptor, mTOR, NF-κB, COX-2, MMPs, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and so on are identified as the crucial pharmacological targets of Timo AIII. Furthermore, the hepatotoxicity of Timo AIII was most concerned, and the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of Timo AIII need further studies in diverse animal models. In conclusion, Timo AIII is potent as a compound or leading compound for further drug development while still needs in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Ding
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macau
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25
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Li Y, Chen J, Yang W, Liu H, Wang J, Xiao J, Xie S, Ma L, Nie D. mPGES-1/PGE2 promotes the growth of T-ALL cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating the expression of MTDH via the EP3/cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:221. [PMID: 32251289 PMCID: PMC7136213 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive haematological malignancy that is characterized by a high frequency of induction failure and by early relapse. Many studies have revealed that metadherin (MTDH) is highly expressed in a variety of malignant solid tumours and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumours. However, the relationship between the expression of MTDH and T-ALL has not yet been reported, and the regulatory factors of MTDH are still unknown. Our previous studies found that mPGES-1/PGE2 was important for promoting the growth of leukaemia cells. In the present study, we found that MTDH was highly expressed in primary T-ALL cells and in the Jurkat cell line. Our results showed that mPGES-1/PGE2 regulates the expression of MTDH through the EP3/cAMP/PKA-CREB pathway in T-ALL cells. Downregulation of MTDH inhibits the growth of Jurkat cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that MTDH could be a potential target for the treatment of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaoting Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangfeng Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Danian Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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26
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Wang DY, McQuade JL, Rai RR, Park JJ, Zhao S, Ye F, Beckermann KE, Rubinstein SM, Johnpulle R, Long GV, Carlino MS, Menzies AM, Davies MA, Johnson DB. The Impact of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Beta Blockers, and Metformin on the Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Advanced Melanoma. Oncologist 2020; 25:e602-e605. [PMID: 32162820 PMCID: PMC7066699 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) therapy has greatly improved outcomes of patients with melanoma; however, many fail to respond. Although preclinical studies suggest a potentially synergistic relationship with anti-PD-1 therapy and certain concurrent medications, their clinical role remains unclear. Here, we retrospectively evaluated the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other drugs in 330 patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 therapy from four academic centers. In the cohort, 37% of patients used NSAIDs including aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid; ASA; 47%), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors (2%), and non-ASA/nonselective COX inhibitor NSAIDs (59%). The objective response rates (ORRs) were similar in patients with NSAID (43.4%) and no NSAID (41.3%) use with no significant difference in overall suvival (OS). There was a trend toward improved progression-free survival (PFS) in patients who took NSAIDs (median PFS: 8.5 vs. 5.2 months; p = .054). Most patients (71.3%) took NSAIDs once daily or as needed. Multivariate analysis did not reveal an association with NSAID use with ORR, PFS, or OS. Concurrent use of metformin or beta blockers did not affect ORR, PFS, or OS. Our study found no conclusive association of concurrent NSAID or other medication use with improved outcomes in patients with melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. Larger and more systematic analysis is required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajat R. Rai
- Melanoma Institute AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- The University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - John J. Park
- Royal North Shore and Mater HospitalsSydneyAustralia
| | | | - Fei Ye
- Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTenneseeUSA
| | | | | | | | - Georgina V. Long
- Melanoma Institute AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- The University of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Royal North Shore and Mater HospitalsSydneyAustralia
| | - Matteo S. Carlino
- Melanoma Institute AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- The University of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia
| | - Alexander M. Menzies
- Melanoma Institute AustraliaSydneyAustralia
- The University of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Royal North Shore and Mater HospitalsSydneyAustralia
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27
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Zhou ZY, Zhao WR, Xiao Y, Zhou XM, Huang C, Shi WT, Zhang J, Ye Q, Chen XL, Tang JY. Antiangiogenesis effect of timosaponin AIII on HUVECs in vitro and zebrafish embryos in vivo. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:260-269. [PMID: 31515528 PMCID: PMC7471416 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (Timo AIII) is a natural steroidal saponin isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge with proved effectiveness in the treatment of numerous cancers. However, whether Timo AIII suppresses tumor angiogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenesis effects of Timo AIII and the underlying mechanisms in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and zebrafish embryos in vivo. We showed that treatment with Timo AIII (0.5-2 µM) partially disrupted the intersegmental vessels (ISVs) and subintestinal vessels (SIVs) growth in transgenic zebrafish Tg(fli-1a: EGFP)y1. Timo AIII (0.5-4 µM) dose-dependently inhibited VEGF-induced proliferation, migration, invasion, and tube formation of HUVECs, but these inhibitory effects were not due to its cytotoxicity. We further demonstrated that Timo AIII treatment significantly suppressed the expression of VEGF receptor (VEGFR) and the phosphorylation of Akt, MEK1/2, and ERK1/2 in HUVECs. Timo AIII treatment also significantly inhibited VEGF-triggered phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Akt, and ERK1/2 in HUVECs. Moreover, we conducted RNA-Seq and analyzed the transcriptome changes in both HUVECs and zebrafish embryos following Timo AIII treatment. The coexpression network analysis results showed that various biological processes and signaling pathways were enriched including angiogenesis, cell motility, cell adhesion, protein serine/threonine kinase activity, transmembrane signaling receptor activity, growth factor activity, etc., which was consistent with the antiangiogenesis effects of Timo AIII in HUVECs and zebrafish embryos. We conclude that the antiangiogenesis effect of Timo AIII is mediated through VEGF/PI3K/Akt/MAPK signaling cascade; Timo AIII potentially exerts antiangiogenesis effect in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Cardiac rehabilitation Center of Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
- Cardiac rehabilitation Center of Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Huai J, Zhao X, Wang S, Xie L, Li Y, Zhang T, Cheng C, Dai R. Characterization and screening of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors from Zi-shen pill by affinity ultrafiltration-ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 241:111900. [PMID: 31029761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zi-shen pill (ZSP) is a classical Chinese herbal formula used for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). AIM OF THE STUDY To characterize and screen cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors from ZSP extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ZSP extract was incubated with COX-2 and the potential ligands were screened out by affinity ultrafiltration. Celecoxib and glipizide were chosen as positive control and negative control drug, respectively. Affinity ultrafiltration-ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method was used. In addition, in vitro COX-2 inhibitory assay and in silico molecular docking technique were used for further validation. RESULTS A total of 20 components were discovered and identified from ZSP ultrafiltrate by high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), among which 8 compounds were deduced as potential COX-2 inhibitors by their high specific binding values (>1.5). Inhibitory activities of demethyleneberberine, palmatine, berberine and timosaponin A-I were confirmed by an enzyme assay of COX-2, which validated the reliability of our approach. Molecular docking simulation investigated potential mechanism of action for these compounds. CONCLUSION The results revealed that affinity ultrafiltration UPLC-MS could successfully screen out the potential COX-2 inhibitors from complex Chinese herbal formula ZSP extract, indicating that its therapeutic effect on BPH was partly based on the enzyme active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Huai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Linlin Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yiran Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Congcong Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ronghua Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Kim KM, Im AR, Park SK, Shin HS, Chae SW. Protective Effects of Timosaponin AIII against UVB-Radiation Induced Inflammation and DNA Injury in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:1524-1531. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
- Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology
| | - A-Rang Im
- Herbal Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | | | | | - Sung-wook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
- Department of Korean Life Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology
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Im AR, Seo YK, Cho SH, O KH, Kim KM, Chae S. Clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a timosaponin A-III-based antiwrinkle agent against skin aging. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:423-436. [PMID: 31215156 PMCID: PMC7003920 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timosaponin A-III (TA-III) is known to exist in the medicinal herb of Anemarrhena asphodeloides as one of major chemical components. AIMS The photoprotective properties of TA-III on UVB-exposed HaCaT cells were evaluated on the antiwrinkle effects and skin safety in terms of clinical trial. METHODS The level of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured in HaCaT cells following UVB irradiation. To evaluate the clinical safety of an agent containing 0.25% of TA-III for use on human skin. Female subjects (n = 21) between the ages of 43 and 55 who met the criteria for subject selection were selected. They were beginning to form or had already formed wrinkles. RESULTS UVB irradiation increased MMP-1 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokines. These increases were attenuated by TA-III pretreatment of UVB-exposed HaCaT cells. We found that the agent containing 0.25% of TA-III ameliorated skin wrinkling. A comparison between groups showed that wrinkle parameters were significantly reduced after 12 weeks of product use (P < 0.05). According to skin safety result, TA-III showed no dermatological toxicity was found in participants. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, TA-III could provide protection against photoaging and daily application of TA-III for 12 weeks significantly reduced signs of facial aging by limiting wrinkle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Rang Im
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Kyoung Seo
- Dermapro, Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Cosmetics & Cosmeceuticals, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Ki Mo Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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Song XY, Han FY, Chen JJ, Wang W, Zhang Y, Yao GD, Song SJ. Timosaponin AIII, a steroidal saponin, exhibits anti-tumor effect on taxol-resistant cells in vitro and in vivo. Steroids 2019; 146:57-64. [PMID: 30951756 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides, exerted cytotoxic effect in many cancer cell lines. However, the effect of TAIII on resistant tumor cancer cells was unclear. In this study, MTT assay showed that TAIII exhibited significant cytotoxicity against A549/Taxol and A2780/Taxol cells in vitro. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining revealed that TAIII induced apoptosis in A549/T and A2780/T cells. Furthermore, Western blot analysis demonstrated that TAIII inhibited the expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) as well as Ras, Raf, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEPK), extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) in two taxol-resistant cancer cell lines. Besides, in vivo studies demonstrated that TAIII inhibited tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model. Additionally, TAIII (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) also down-regulated the protein expressions of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways in vivo. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that TAIII exhibited significant anti-tumor effect on taxol-resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Song
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Ying Han
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jie Chen
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Ko JH, Um JY, Lee SG, Yang WM, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Conditioned media from adipocytes promote proliferation, migration, and invasion in melanoma and colorectal cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18249-18261. [PMID: 30851074 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that obesity can significantly increase the risk of various cancers, although the mechanisms underlying this link are completely unknown. Here, we analyzed the effect of adipocytes on melanoma and colon cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion. The potential effects of conditioned media (CM) obtained from differentiated mouse 3T3-L1 cells and human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of B16BL6 melanoma and colon 26-L5 cancer cells were investigated. The 3T3-L1 and hAMSC CM increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in both the cell lines. In addition, adipocytes CM increased matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and MMP-2 activity in both B16BL6 and colon 26-L5 cells. These effects were found to be associated with an increased expression of various oncogenic proteins in B16BL6 and colon 26-L5 cells. Also, adipocyte CM induced Akt and mTOR activation in both tumor cell lines, and the pharmacological inhibition of Akt and mTOR blocked the CM induced Akt as well as mTOR activation and CM-stimulated melanoma and colon cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. These data suggest that adipocyte promotes melanoma and colon cancer progression through modulating the expression of diverse proteins associated with cancer growth and metastasis as well as modulation of the Akt/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyeon Ko
- Department of Korean Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Korean Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Department of Korean Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Korean Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Korean Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Korean Medicine, Comorbidity Research Institute, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jafarian AH, Mohamadian Roshan N, Gharib M, Moshirahmadi V, Tasbandi A, Ayatollahi AA, Ayatollahi H. Evaluation of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Association with Clinical-Pathological Factors in Malignant Melanoma. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 14:96-103. [PMID: 31528165 PMCID: PMC6679669 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.14.2.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective The primary goal of this study is to develop a rigorous understanding of the correlation between COX-2 expression and malignant melanoma prognostic factors. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 60 cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The related stained slides were reviewed by two pathologists. The results were interpreted according to the COX2 staining index (SI), tumor thickness (Breslow, Clark), number of mitoses per 10 hpf, and melanoma types. Gender, lymph node involvement, metastasis, and survival were considered as evaluation factors as well. Results The expression of the COX-2 protein was evident in 98.4% of cases. A strong Staining Index(SI) was reported in 60% of all melanomas, moderate staining was detected in 20.8% and weak staining in 10%; 1.6% of studied cases showed no staining. Benign nevus specimens showed no staining for the COX-2 enzyme. Conclusion We have demonstrated that COX-2 is strongly expressed in the majority of malignant melanomas and that the SI score of COX-2 is related to the number of mitoses, tumor thickness (based on Clark level and Breslow), melanoma sub-type, lymph node involvement, and metastases; No association was noted between the anatomic site, gender, and survival. COX-2 can be applied as a prognostic factor in malignant melanoma and a promising candidate for future target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Associate Professor of Pathology, Department Of Pathology, Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nema Mohamadian Roshan
- Associate Professor of Pathology, Department Of Pathology, Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Gharib
- Assistant Professor of Pathology, Department Of Pathology, Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Moshirahmadi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Tasbandi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Ayatollahi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Ayatollahi
- Associate Professor of Pathology, Department Of Pathology, Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Chiang KC, Lai CY, Chiou HL, Lin CL, Chen YS, Kao SH, Hsieh YH. Timosaponin AIII inhibits metastasis of renal carcinoma cells through suppressing cathepsin C expression by AKT/miR-129-5p axis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:13332-13341. [PMID: 30604866 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII (TSAIII) is a steroidal saponin that exerts anticancer activity on various cancer cells. In this study, we explore the effects of TSAIII on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. Our findings show that TSAIII treatment (<8 μM) insignificantly influenced cell viability and cell cycle distribution of human RCC cell lines 786-O, A-498, and ACHN. Further observations revealed that TSAIII inhibited migration and invasion of 786-O and A-498 cells, as well as significantly decreased the production and expression of cathepsin C (CTSC) in both the cell types. Kinase cascade analysis exhibited that PI3K/AKT activation was inhibited, but PTEN expression was increased, in response to TSAIII treatments. Combining TSAIII and PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 synergically reduced the migration and invasion of 786-O and A-498 cells, as well as decreased the CTSC expression in both the cell types. We also observed that miR-129-5p bound to CTSC gene and suppressed the expression of CTSC and demonstrated that the miR-129-5p expression was synergically enhanced by TSAIII and LY294002. In addition, pretreatment with antago-miR-129-5p significantly restored the CTSC expression and the migration and invasion of TSAIII-treated 786-O cells. In conclusion, our findings reveal that TSAIII inhibits the metastatic properties of RCC cells, contributing to the inhibition of PI3K/AKT and the increase of miR-129-5p and the subsequent downregulation of CTSC. This suggests that TSAIII has significant antimetastatic activity against RCC cells and may be beneficial to RCC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Chung Chiang
- Deprtment of Urology, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Lai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng-Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chiou
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Syuan Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsuan Kao
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, of School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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35
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Kitanaka N, Nakano R, Kitanaka T, Namba S, Konno T, Nakayama T, Sugiya H. NF-κB p65 and p105 implicate in interleukin 1β-mediated COX-2 expression in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208955. [PMID: 30562372 PMCID: PMC6298655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory and microenvironmental factors produced by cancer cells are thought to directly or indirectly promote cancer cell growth. Prostaglandins, including prostaglandin E2, have key roles as a microenvironment factor in influencing the development of tumors, and are produced by the rate limiting enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). In this study, we used canine melanoma cells treated with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and investigated the transcriptional factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression. IL-1β induced prostaglandin E2 release and COX-2 mRNA expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In the cells treated with the NF-κB inhibitors BAY11-7082 and TPC-1, IL-1β-mediated prostaglandin E2 release and COX-2 mRNA expression were inhibited. IL-1β also provoked phosphorylation of p65/RelA and p105/NF-κB1, which are members of the NF-κB families. The IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of p65 and p105 was attenuated in the presence of both NF-κB inhibitors. In melanoma cells transfected with siRNA of p65 or p105, IL-1β-mediated COX-2 mRNA expression was inhibited. These findings suggest that canonical activation of NF-κB signaling plays a crucial role for inflammatory states in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanako Kitanaka
- Laboratories of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rei Nakano
- Laboratories of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Conversion Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Taku Kitanaka
- Laboratories of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Laboratories of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Konno
- Laboratories of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakayama
- Veterinary Radiotherapy, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiya
- Laboratories of Veterinary Biochemistry, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Han FY, Song XY, Chen JJ, Yao GD, Song SJ. Timosaponin AIII: A novel potential anti-tumor compound from Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Steroids 2018; 140:125-130. [PMID: 30296545 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Timosaponin AIII, a major steroidal saponin found in Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge., which has been widely used as anti-pyretic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregator and anti-depressant agents in traditional Chinese medicine. Recent pharmacological study showed that timosaponin AIII had potent cytotoxicity, which was potential to be developed as an anticancer agent, however the molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer activity has not been fully elucidated. This review aims to give a systematic summary of the study of timosaponin AIII to reveal its anti-tumor activities by investigating invasion and migration, apoptosis, autophagy and reversing multi-drug resistance. Furthermore, we also make an overview of the mechanisms identified till now. These meaningful findings may provide novel insights on exploiting timosaponin AIII as a new anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ying Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jie Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Synergistic anticancer effects of timosaponin AIII and ginsenosides in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. J Ginseng Res 2018; 43:488-495. [PMID: 31308821 PMCID: PMC6606842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Timosaponin AIII (TA3) is a steroidal saponin extracted from Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Here, we investigated the anticancer effects of TA3 in MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. TA3 attenuates migration and invasion of MG63 cells via regulations of two matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-2 and MMP-9, which are involved with cancer metastasis in various cancer cells. TA3 reduced enzymatic activities and transcriptional expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in MG63 cells. TA3 also inhibited Src, focal adhesion kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, β-catenin, and cAMP response element binding signaling, which regulate migration and invasion of cells. TA3 induced apoptosis of MG63 cells via regulations of caspase-3, caspase-7, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Then, we tested several ginsenosides to be used in combination with TA3 for the synergistic anticancer effects. We found that ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc have synergistic effects on TA3-induced apoptosis in MG63 cells. Methods We investigated the anticancer effects of TA3 and synergistic effects of various ginseng saponins on TA3-induced apoptosis in MG63 cells. To test antimetastatic effects, we performed wound healing migration assay, Boyden chamber invasion assays, gelatin zymography assay, and Western blot analysis. Annexin V/PI staining apoptosis assay was performed to determine the apoptotic effect of TA3 and ginsenosides. Results TA3 attenuated migration and invasion of MG63 cells and induced apoptosis of MG63 cells. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc showed the synergistic effects on TA3-induced apoptosis in MG63 cells. Conclusions The results strongly suggest that the combination of TA3 and the two ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc may be a strong candidate for the effective antiosteosarcoma agent.
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Li YQ, Chen JT, Yin SM, Nie DN, He ZY, Xie SF, Wang XJ, Wu YD, Xiao J, Liu HY, Wang JY, Yang WJ, Ma LP. Regulation of mPGES-1 composition and cell growth via the MAPK signaling pathway in jurkat cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3211-3219. [PMID: 30214544 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is highly expressed and closely associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in various types of malignant cells. However, their expression patterns and function with respect to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) remain largely unknown. The present study investigated whether mPGES-1 served a crucial role in T-ALL and aimed to identify interactions between mPGES-1 and the MAPK signaling pathway in T-ALL. The results indicated that mPGES-1 overexpression in T-ALL jurkat cells was significantly decreased by RNA silencing. Decreasing mPGES-1 on a consistent basis may inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle in T-ALL jurkat cells. Microarray and western blot analyses revealed that c-Jun N-terminal kinase served a role in the mPGES-1/prostaglandin E2/EP4/MAPK positive feedback loops. In addition, P38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 exhibited negative feedback effects on mPGES-1. In conclusion, the results suggested that cross-talk between mPGES-1 and the MAPK signaling pathway was very complex. Therefore, the combined regulation of mPGES-1 and the MAPK signaling pathway may be developed into a new candidate therapy for T-ALL in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qing Li
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jiao-Ting Chen
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Song-Mei Yin
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Da-Nian Nie
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yuan He
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Feng Xie
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Ju Wang
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Dan Wu
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Yang
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Ma
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Sun X, Li Q. Prostaglandin EP2 receptor: Novel therapeutic target for human cancers (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1203-1214. [PMID: 29956743 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor 2 subtype (EP2), which is a metabolite of arachidonic acid that binds with and regulates cellular responses to PGE2, is associated with numerous physiological and pathological events in a wide range of tissues. As a stimulatory G protein‑coupled receptor, PGE2‑induced EP2 activation can activate adenylate cyclase, leading to increased cytoplasmic cAMP levels and activation of protein kinase A. The EP2 receptor can also activate the glycogen synthase kinase 3β and β‑catenin pathways. The present study aimed to review the roles of the EP2 receptor in tumor development, including immunity, chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis and multidrug resistance. Furthermore, the involvement of the EP2 receptor signaling pathway in cancer was discussed. Understanding the role and mechanisms of action of the EP2 receptor, and its importance in targeted therapy, may help identify novel methods to improve management of numerous types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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MarElia CB, Sharp AE, Shemwell TA, Clare Zhang Y, Burkhardt BR. Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge and its constituent timosaponin-AIII induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:1155-1166. [PMID: 29988574 PMCID: PMC6026701 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most recalcitrant and lethal of all cancers. We examined the effects of Anemarrhena asphodeloides (AA) and timosaponin-AIII (TAIII), a steroidal saponin present in AA, on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and aimed to elucidate their potential apoptotic mechanisms of action. Viability assays and cell cycle analysis revealed that both AA and TAIII significantly inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression compared to treatment with gemcitabine, the standard chemotherapeutic agent for advanced pancreatic cancer. We identified a dose-dependent increase in caspase-dependent apoptosis and activation of pro-apoptotic PI3K/Akt pathway proteins, with a subsequent downregulation of pro-survival PI3K/Akt pathway proteins, in pancreatic cancer cells treated with AA or TAIII over those treated with gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine B MarElia
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology University of South Florida Tampa FL USA
| | - Arielle E Sharp
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology University of South Florida Tampa FL USA
| | - Tiffany A Shemwell
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology University of South Florida Tampa FL USA
| | | | - Brant R Burkhardt
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology University of South Florida Tampa FL USA
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Lu L, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Ho RJ, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Guo C. Antibody-modified liposomes for tumor-targeting delivery of timosaponin AIII. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1927-1944. [PMID: 29636610 PMCID: PMC5880182 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s153107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Timosaponin AIII (TAIII), as a steroid saponin in Anemarrhena asphodeloides, has favorable potential as an antitumor candidate. However, its hydrophobicity and low bioavailability severely limit its in vivo antitumor efficacy. Methods To overcome this drawback, TAIII-loaded liposomes (LP) were prepared to improve TAIII solubility and extend its circulation time. Furthermore, anti-CD44 antibody-modified LP (CD44-LP) was prepared to enhance the therapeutic index of TAIII. The LP and CD44-LP were also characterized through their biological activity, target selective binding and uptake, and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Results Compared with free TAIII, both LP and CD44-LP possessed a desirable sustained-release profile in vitro, with ~14.2- and 10.7-fold longer TAIII half-life, respectively, and 1.7- and 1.9-fold larger area under the curve, respectively. LP and CD44-LP enhanced TAIII antitumor activity against HepG2 cells and in a xenograft mouse model without detectable toxicity. In particular, CD44-LP exhibited notably higher cytotoxicity than did LP, with a lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration (48 h). CD44-LP exhibited stronger tumor inhibition, and the tumor inhibitory effect was 1.3-fold that of LP. Furthermore, confocal laser scanning microscopy and in vivo near-infrared imaging of a xenograft mouse model revealed that compared with LP, CD44-LP could effectively enhance tumor accumulation. Conclusion Taken together, the results indicate that both CD44-LP and LP can considerably extend TAIII circulation time, increase tumor-targeted accumulation, and enhance antitumor activity. Thus, the anti-CD44 antibody-modified liposome is a promising candidate for treating CD44-positive cancer with considerable antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yue Ding
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rodney Jy Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Center of Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Chunrong Guo
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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In-vitro and in-vivo inhibition of melanoma growth and metastasis by the drug combination of celecoxib and dacarbazine. Melanoma Res 2018; 26:572-579. [PMID: 27540834 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Celecoxib has been found to be effective in cancer prevention and treatment. Its combination with other chemotherapeutic agents was reported to produce synergistic/additive effects on various cancers. Dacarbazine (DTIC) is one of the most commonly used drugs in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. This investigation aimed to determine the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of the drug combination of celecoxib and DTIC on melanoma growth and metastasis. Melanoma cells B16-F10 and SK-MEL-28, and female C57BL/6 mice were used for the study. Our in-vitro data showed that significant synergistic effects were obtained when celecoxib was used together with various concentrations of DTIC. A study with B16-F10 cells using flow cytometry analysis showed that the drug combination induced significantly more apoptosis than each drug used individually. Our in-vivo results showed that the drug combination was much more effective than each drug used alone for the inhibition of both melanoma growth and metastasis in the B16-F10+C57BL/6 mouse models. For melanoma growth, the median survival rates for phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (control), celecoxib (30 mg/kg), DTIC-1 (10 mg/kg), DTIC-2 (positive control, 50 mg/kg), and the drug combination (DTIC 10 mg/kg+celecoxib 30 mg/kg) were 6, 6.5, 7.5, 7.5, and 9 days, respectively. For melanoma metastasis, the average number of metastatic tumors in murine lungs was 53.7±10.7, 31.8±18.6, 21.2±21.7, 7.0±9.0, and 0.8±2.0 for PBS, DTIC-1, celecoxib, the drug combination, and DTIC-2. Our results warrant further investigation of the combination as an effective treatment for melanoma patients.
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Zhang S, Pang H, Sun M, Li H. Timosaponin AIII inhibits the growth of human leukaemia cells HL-60 by down-regulation of PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1389304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sai Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P. R. China
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Nian SH, Li HJ, Liu EH, Li P. Comparison of α-glucosidase inhibitory effect and bioactive constituents of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Fibrous Roots. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:195-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhou P, Qin J, Li Y, Li G, Wang Y, Zhang N, Chen P, Li C. Combination therapy of PKCζ and COX-2 inhibitors synergistically suppress melanoma metastasis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:115. [PMID: 28865485 PMCID: PMC5581453 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Metastatic malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies and its treatment remains challenging. Recent studies demonstrate that the melanoma metastasis has correlations with the heightened activations of protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) signaling pathways. Targeted inhibitions for PKCζ and COX-2 have been considered as the promising strategies for the treatment of melanoma metastasis. Thus, the PKCζ inhibitor J-4 and COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib were combined to treat melanoma metastasis in this study. Methods The Transwell assay, Wound-healing assay and Adhesion assay were used to evaluate the inhibition of combined therapy of J-4 and Celecoxib on melanoma cells invasion, migration and adhesion in vitro, respectively. The impaired actin polymerization was observed by confocal microscope and inactivated signal pathways about PKCζ and COX-2 were confirmed by the Western blotting assay. The B16-F10/C57BL mouse melanoma model was used to test the inhibition of combined therapy of J-4 and Celecoxib on melanoma metastasis in vivo. Results The in vitro results showed that the combination of J-4 and Celecoxib exerted synergistic inhibitory effects on the migration, invasion and adhesion of melanoma B16-F10 and A375 cells with combination index less than 1. The actin polymerization and phosphorylation of Cofilin required in cell migration were severely impaired, which is due to the inactivation of PKCζ related signal pathways and the decrease of COX-2. The combined inhibition of PKCζ and COX-2 induced Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET) in melanoma cells with the expression of E-Cadherin increasing and Vimentin decreasing. The secretion of MMP-2/MMP-9 also significantly decreased after the combination treatment. In C57BL/6 mice intravenously injected with B16-F10 cells (5 × 104 cells/mouse), co-treatment of J-4 and Celecoxib also severely suppressed melanoma lung metastasis. The body weight monitoring and HE staining results indicated the low toxicity of the combination therapy. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the combination therapy of PKCζ and COX-2 inhibitors can significantly inhibit melanoma metastasis in vitro and in vivo, which will be an efficient strategy for treatment of melanoma metastasis in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Qin
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxia Li
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinsong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunyu Li
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, International Medical School, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
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Sadhu SS, Wang S, Dachineni R, Averineni RK, Seefeldt T, Xie J, Tummala H, Bhat GJ, Guan X. In Vitro and In Vivo Antimetastatic Effect of Glutathione Disulfide Liposomes. CANCER GROWTH AND METASTASIS 2017; 10:1179064417695255. [PMID: 28469471 PMCID: PMC5345945 DOI: 10.1177/1179064417695255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer mortality. Despite extensive research efforts, effective treatment for cancer metastasis is still lacking. Cancer metastasis involves 4 essential steps: cell detachment, migration, invasion, and adhesion. Detachment is the first and required step for metastasis. Glutathione disulfide (GSSG) is derived from the oxidation of glutathione (GSH), which is present in biological systems in millimolar concentration. Although GSSG is commercially available, the impact of GSSG on cell functions/dysfunctions has not been fully explored due to the fact that GSSG is not cell membrane permeable and a lack of method to specifically increase GSSG in cells. We have developed GSSG liposomes that effectively deliver GSSG to cells. Unexpectedly, cells treated with GSSG liposomes were resistant to detachment by trypsinization. This observation led to the investigation of the antimetastatic effect of GSSG liposomes. Our data demonstrate that GSSG liposomes at 1 mg/mL completely blocked cell detachment and migration, and significantly inhibited cancer cell invasion. Aqueous GSSG showed no such effect, confirming that the effects on cell detachment, migration, and invasion were caused by the intracellular delivery of GSSG. An in vivo experiment with a murine melanoma experimental metastasis model showed that GSSG liposomes prevented melanoma lung metastasis. The unique antimetastatic mechanism through the effects on detachment and migration, and effective in vitro and in vivo metastasis inhibition, warrants further investigation of the GSSG liposomes as a potential treatment for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya S Sadhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Shenggang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Rakesh Dachineni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | | | - Teresa Seefeldt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Jiashu Xie
- Center for Drug Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hemachand Tummala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - G Jayarama Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Xiangming Guan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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Zeng Z, Wei Z, Ma L, Xu Y, Xing Z, Niu H, Wang H, Huang W. pH-Responsive nanoparticles based on ibuprofen prodrug as drug carriers for inhibition of primary tumor growth and metastasis. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6860-6868. [PMID: 32264335 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01288h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastases represent a major determinant of mortality in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zeng
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Zeliang Wei
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Limei Ma
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Yao Xu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Zhihua Xing
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Hai Niu
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
| | - Haibo Wang
- Textile Institute, College of Light Industry
- Textile and Food Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Wen Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center
- West China Hospital/West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
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Xu XH, Li T, Fong CMV, Chen X, Chen XJ, Wang YT, Huang MQ, Lu JJ. Saponins from Chinese Medicines as Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101326. [PMID: 27782048 PMCID: PMC6272920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are glycosides with triterpenoid or spirostane aglycones that demonstrate various pharmacological effects against mammalian diseases. To promote the research and development of anticancer agents from saponins, this review focuses on the anticancer properties of several typical naturally derived triterpenoid saponins (ginsenosides and saikosaponins) and steroid saponins (dioscin, polyphyllin, and timosaponin) isolated from Chinese medicines. These saponins exhibit in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects, such as anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis, anti-angiogenesis, anti-multidrug resistance, and autophagy regulation actions. In addition, related signaling pathways and target proteins involved in the anticancer effects of saponins are also summarized in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Huang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Chi Man Vivienne Fong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Xiao-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Yi-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Ming-Qing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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Li W, Yue W, Wang H, Lai B, Yang X, Zhang C, Wang Y, Gu M. Cyclooxygenase-2 is associated with malignant phenotypes in human lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3836-3844. [PMID: 27895738 PMCID: PMC5104181 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate whether cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is associated with malignancy, and to investigate its molecular mechanisms in human lung cancer tumor malignancy. The present study used RNA interference (RNAi) methodology and celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, to investigate the effect of COX-2 knockdown on the proliferation and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved. Human lung adenocarcinoma A549-si10 and LTEP-A2 cells transfected with a specific small interfering RNA (A549-si10 and LTEP-A2-si10, respectively) grew more slowly compared with parental cell lines and cells transfected with pU6. The colony formation of A549-si10 and LTEP-A2-si10 cells was also reduced. In addition, A549-si10 and LTEP-A2-si10 cells were characterized by decreased metastatic and invasive abilities. The proliferation and invasive potential of parental A549 and LTEP-A2 cells was inhibited following treatment with celecoxib. In vivo, a COX-2 knockdown resulted in a decrease of proliferation and reduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in A549 xenografts. In conclusion, the present study revealed that COX-2 plays a extremely important role in tumor growth, infiltration and metastasis via the regulation of VEGF, MMP-2 and EGRF expression. Therefore, COX-2 is a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Li
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Baitang Lai
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Xuehui Yang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
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Kim KM, Im A, Kim SH, Hyun JW, Chae S. Timosaponin AIII inhibits melanoma cell migration by suppressing COX-2 and in vivo tumor metastasis. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:181-8. [PMID: 26595378 PMCID: PMC4768391 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin disease, due in large part to its propensity to metastasize. We examined the effects of timosaponin AIII, a compound isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge, on melanoma cancer cell migration and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects using B16-F10 and WM-115 melanoma cells lines. Overexpression of COX-2, its metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and PGE2 receptors (EP2 and EP4) promoted cell migration in vitro. Exposure to timosaponin AIII resulted in concentration-dependent inhibition of cell migration, which was associated with reduced levels of COX-2, PGE2, and PGE2 receptors. Transient transfection of COX-2 siRNA also inhibited cell migration. Exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbal-13-acetate enhanced cell migration, whereas timosaponin AIII inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbal-13-acetate-induced cell migration and reduced basal levels of EP2 and EP4. Moreover, timosaponin AIII inhibited activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), an upstream regulator of COX-2 in B16-F10 cells. Consistent with our in vitro findings, in vivo studies showed that timosaponin AIII treatment significantly reduced the total number of metastatic nodules in the mouse lung and improved histological alterations in B16-F10-injected C57BL/6 mice. In addition, C57BL/6 mice treated with timosaponin AIII showed reduced expression of COX-2 and NF-κB in the lung. Together, these results indicate that timosaponin AIII has the capacity to inhibit melanoma cell migration, an essential step in the process of metastasis, by inhibiting expression of COX-2, NF-κB, PGE2, and PGE2 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Mo Kim
- KM Convergence Research DivisionKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - A‐Rang Im
- KM Convergence Research DivisionKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Seung Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and BioscienceDaejeon UniversityDaejeonKorea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- School of Medicine and Institute for Nuclear Science and TechnologyJeju National UniversityJejuKorea
| | - Sungwook Chae
- KM Convergence Research DivisionKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeonKorea
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