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Chidley E, Burns-Nader S. Exploring young adults' fears related to healthcare and dental procedures. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1830-1836. [PMID: 38948590 PMCID: PMC11213395 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_961_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Fear and anxiety related to dental and healthcare procedures are common among young adults and can negatively impact dental and healthcare consumership, resulting in poor health outcomes. Purpose This cross-sectional study aimed to examine young adults' experiences of fear related to dental and healthcare procedures and the potential relationships between the two forms of fear experiences and demographic factors. Methods Young adults (252) were recruited from a large public university and completed a survey about their dental and healthcare fear/anxiety as well as their confidence in healthcare professionals. Descriptive and correlational analyses were completed to describe the experiences of young adults and the relationships between variables. Results Ten types of fear/anxiety were identified related to healthcare procedures, with the most common being needles and pain. Nine fears/anxieties were identified for dental visits, of which pain and sensory experiences other than pain were most common. Female participants were significantly more likely to report fear/anxiety related to dental procedures, and there was a statistically significant relationship between fear/anxiety related to healthcare procedures and that related to dental procedures. There was also a significant negative relationship found between confidence in healthcare providers and fear/anxiety related to healthcare procedures. Conclusions Young adults experience fear/anxiety related to healthcare and dentist visits, and this fear/anxiety can impact their confidence in healthcare providers, such as primary physicians. The findings of the current study suggest primary care providers should be aware of potential fears/anxieties and offer patients appropriate supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Chidley
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Sherwood Burns-Nader
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
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Somero A, Suominen A, Pohjola V, Ogawa M, Sipilä K, Kakko N, Tulppo M, Lahti S. Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Dental Anxiety in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort (NFBC1966) Population. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:81. [PMID: 38534305 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity may be associated with dental anxiety; however, no studies exist on the topic. The aim of this study was to assess if ANS activity and dental anxiety are associated. Data were collected as part of a Northern Finland Birth Cohort Study, NFBC1966, at the age of 46 years with eligible data on 1905 participants. Dental anxiety was measured using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) categorized as follows: 19-25 = high, 10-18 = moderate, 5-9 = no to low dental anxiety. Heart rate variability (HRV) data were collected using an HR monitor and a standard lead-II electrocardiogram (ECG). Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was calculated from continuous ECG and blood pressure signals. Participants were categorized into three groups as follows: Low = the lowest 20th percentile, Mid = medium 21-79th percentile, and High = the highest 20th percentile according to their ANS variables. The associations between the MDAS and ANS activity parameters were evaluated using unordered multinomial logit models adjusted for comorbidities, β-blockers, BMI, smoking, and education. High heart rate, reduced HRV, low cardiac vagal modulation, and poor BRS were associated with moderate dental anxiety, and high cardiac vagal modulation and good BRS were associated with no to low dental anxiety. Poorer ANS activity might predispose some to dental anxiety, and better ANS activity might protect from dental anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atte Somero
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Ogawa
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Sipilä
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Niklas Kakko
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko Tulppo
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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3
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Lahti S, Kataja EL, Suominen A, Palo K, Ogawa M, Kallio A, Räikkönen O, Pohjola V, Rantavuori K, Karlsson L, Karlsson H. Two-Year Trajectories of Dental Anxiety in Parents and Their Association with Parents' and Children's Oral Healthcare Procedures in FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:72. [PMID: 38534296 DOI: 10.3390/dj12030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify parents' dental anxiety trajectories and the association of the trajectories with the number of parents' and their children's oral healthcare procedures in the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study. Dental anxiety was measured with the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale at gestational weeks (gw) 14 and 34, as well as 3 and 24 months (mo) after childbirth. Oral healthcare procedures from gw14 to 24 mo were obtained from the national patient data register and categorized as preventive and treatment. Trajectories were identified with latent growth mixture modelling for 2068 fathers and 3201 mothers. Associations between trajectories and procedures adjusted for education were analyzed using unordered multinomial logit models. Fathers' trajectories were stable low (80.1%), stable high (3.4%), stable moderate (11.0%), moderate increasing (3.9%) and high decreasing (1.6%). Mothers' trajectories were stable low (80.7%), stable high (11.2%), moderate increasing (5.3%) and high decreasing (2.8%). Mothers with decreasing dental anxiety had a higher number of preventive and treatment procedures. Fathers with decreasing dental anxiety had a higher number of preventive and treatment procedures, while fathers with increasing dental anxiety had fewer procedures. Children of mothers with stable low dental anxiety had higher number of preventive procedures. There seems to be a two-way association between dental anxiety trajectories and oral healthcare procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Lahti
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Auli Suominen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Katri Palo
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Ogawa
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Anu Kallio
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Oral Health Services, Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Outi Räikkönen
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Oral Health Services, Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari Rantavuori
- Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery Helsinki University, Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Public Health, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Department of Clinical Medicine, Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
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Sadjadpour F, Hosseinichimeh N, Pahel BT, Metcalf SS. Systems mapping of multilevel factors contributing to dental caries in adolescents. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 4:1285347. [PMID: 38356905 PMCID: PMC10864617 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1285347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a prevalent chronic disease among adolescents. Caries activity increases significantly during adolescence due to an increase in susceptible tooth surfaces, immature permanent tooth enamel, independence in pursuing self-care, and a tendency toward poor diet and oral hygiene. Dental caries in permanent teeth is more prevalent among adolescents in low-income families and racial/ethnic minority groups, and these disparities in adolescent dental caries experience have persisted for decades. Several conceptual and data-driven models have proposed unidirectional mechanisms that contribute to the extant disparities in adolescent dental caries experience. Our objective, using a literature review, is to provide an overview of risk factors contributing to adolescent dental caries. Specifically, we map the interactive relationships of multilevel factors that influence dental caries among adolescents. Such interactive multilevel relationships more closely reflect the complex nature of dental caries experience among the adolescent population. The methods that we use are two-fold: (1) a literature review using PubMed and Cochrane databases to find contributing factors; and (2) the system dynamics approach for mapping feedback mechanisms underlying adolescent dental caries through causal loop diagramming. The results of this study, based on the review of 138 articles, identified individual, family and community-level factors and their interactions contributing to dental caries experience in adolescents. Our results also provide hypotheses about the mechanisms underlying persistence of dental caries among adolescents. Conclusions Our findings may contribute to a deeper understanding of the multilevel and interconnected factors that shape the persistence of dental caries experience among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Sadjadpour
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Falls Church, VA, United States
| | - Niyousha Hosseinichimeh
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Falls Church, VA, United States
| | - Bhavna T. Pahel
- Private Practice of Pediatric Dentistry in Easley and Anderson, Easley, SC, United States
| | - Sara S. Metcalf
- Department of Geography, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Noirrit‐Esclassan E, Annerbäck E, Cuhna Soares F, Dahllöf G, Kvist T. Association between self-reported dental fear and exposure to violence among adolescents-A population-based study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:812-818. [PMID: 35348256 PMCID: PMC9790500 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of dental fear (DF) is multifactorial and involves other contributing factors than dental traumatic experiences. AIM To study, among adolescents, associations between DF and exposure to child physical abuse (CPA), intimate partner violence (IPV), and bullying. DESIGN We extracted data from a population-based survey of 4977 adolescents who were 15-17 years old in 2017. The questionnaire queried socioeconomic background factors, DF, self-perceived oral health, general health, and exposure to child abuse. To estimate associations between DF and exposure to child abuse, we used multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, 8.2% reported DF, girls (10.5%) reported DF significantly more often than boys (5%), and adolescents not identifying themselves as girl or boy reported the highest prevalence of DF (25.5%; p < .001). 15.3% had been exposed to child physical abuse; 11.1%, to IPV; and 11.2%, to bullying. Experiences of IPV and bullying, but not physical abuse, were statistically significantly associated with DF. The odds of developing DF for adolescents exposed to any type of violence was 1.9 times the odds for adolescents with no exposure to child abuse. CONCLUSION Exposure to violence is associated with dental fear in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Noirrit‐Esclassan
- Division of Pediatric DentistryDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden,Université de Toulouse IIIToulouseFrance,Pediatric Dentistry UnitCHU ToulouseToulouseFrance
| | - Eva‐Maria Annerbäck
- Child and Adolescent PsychiatryDepartment of Clinical and Experimental MedicineLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden,Center for Clinical Research SörmlandUppsala UniversityEskilstunaSweden
| | - Fernanda Cuhna Soares
- Division of Pediatric DentistryDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Göran Dahllöf
- Division of Pediatric DentistryDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden,Center for Pediatric Oral Health ResearchStockholmSweden,Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid‐Norway, TkMidtTrondheimNorway
| | - Therese Kvist
- Division of Pediatric DentistryDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden,Center for Pediatric Oral Health ResearchStockholmSweden,Astrid Lindgren Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
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Nydell Helkimo A, Rolander B, Koch G. Dental fear in school children and young adults attending public dental health care: prevalence and relationship to gender, oral disease and dental treatment; trends over 40 years. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:146. [PMID: 35473601 PMCID: PMC9044703 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study prevalence of dental fear and the relationship to gender, oral disease and dental treatment between 1973 and 2013 in school children and young adults attending public dental health care. Methods Every ten years from 1973 to 2013 random samples of about 100 individuals in each of the age groups 10, 15 and 20 years took part in a repeated cross-sectional study based on clinical parameters and a questionnaire. Dental fear was estimated by the question: “What do you feel at the prospect of an appointment with a dentist?”. 75–99% of the samples answered the question. Agreement to at least one of the alternative answers: ill at ease, frightened and sick defined dental fear. Frightened and/or sick indicated severe dental fear. The prevalence of caries, gingivitis and number of filled tooth surfaces were calculated. Chi-square tests were used to show differences in proportions between groups and linear regression to show trends over time. Results Prevalence of dental fear declined in all age groups over time. In the 20-year olds dental fear was found in 29% of the sample and severe dental fear in 12% of girls and 5% of boys in 2013. Individuals with dental fear had higher mean caries prevalence and number of filled tooth surfaces compared with individuals without dental fear. Conclusions This 40-year time trend study showed a reduction in dental fear prevalence in school children and young adults offered regular public dental health care based on prevention and a psychological approach.
The prevalence of dental fear was still high in 2013 despite a significant decline in caries during the study period. Further improvements in the psychological approach when treating children are thus needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nydell Helkimo
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Region Jönköping County, Box 1030, 551 11, Jönköping, Sweden.
| | - Bo Rolander
- Futurum, Academy for Health and Care, Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden.,Department of Behavioral Science and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Göran Koch
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Region Jönköping County, Box 1030, 551 11, Jönköping, Sweden
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Stein Duker LI, Grager M, Giffin W, Hikita N, Polido JC. The Relationship between Dental Fear and Anxiety, General Anxiety/Fear, Sensory Over-Responsivity, and Oral Health Behaviors and Outcomes: A Conceptual Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042380. [PMID: 35206566 PMCID: PMC8872083 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is common across the lifespan and represents a barrier to proper oral health behaviors and outcomes. The aim of this study is to present a conceptual model of the relationships between DFA, general anxiety/fear, sensory over-responsivity (SOR), and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes. Two rounds of literature searches were performed using the PubMed database. Included articles examined DFA, general anxiety/fear, SOR, catastrophizing, and/or oral health behaviors and outcomes in typically developing populations across the lifespan. The relationships between the constructs were recorded and organized into a conceptual model. A total of 188 articles were included. The results provided supporting evidence for relationships between DFA and all other constructs included in the model (general anxiety/fear, SOR, poor oral health, irregular dental attendance, dental behavior management problems [DBMP], and need for treatment with pharmacological methods). Additionally, SOR was associated with general anxiety/fear and DBMP; general anxiety/fear was linked to poor oral health, irregular attendance, and DBMP. This model provides a comprehensive view of the relationships between person factors (e.g., general anxiety/fear, SOR, and DFA) and oral health behaviors and outcomes. This is valuable in order to highlight connections between constructs that may be targeted in the development of new interventions to improve oral health behaviors and outcomes as well as the experience of DFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah I. Stein Duker
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Willa Giffin
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - Natasha Hikita
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; (W.G.); (N.H.)
| | - José C. Polido
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
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Nermo H, Willumsen T, Rognmo K, Thimm JC, Wang CEA, Johnsen JAK. Dental anxiety and potentially traumatic events: a cross-sectional study based on the Tromsø Study-Tromsø 7. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:600. [PMID: 34814891 PMCID: PMC8609887 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01968-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of the study were to describe the prevalence of dental anxiety and the possible associations between dental anxiety and potentially traumatic events in an adult population. METHOD The study is based on cross-sectional questionnaire data from the 7th wave of the Tromsø Study, a study of the adult general population in the municipality of Tromsø carried out in 2015-2016. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale was used to measure dental anxiety across potentially traumatic events, oral health, dental attendance (avoidance) and current mental health symptoms (Hopkins Symptom Checklist). Individuals with high and low dental anxiety scores were compared to investigate differences in the distribution of potentially traumatic events, current mental health symptoms, avoidance, sex and oral health, and hierarchical multivariable regression was used to study the influence of traumatic events on dental anxiety. RESULTS High dental anxiety was reported by 2.9% of the sample and was most prevalent among females and in the youngest age groups. Individuals with high dental anxiety reported more current mental health symptoms, and they were more likely to report poorer oral health and more irregular dental visits compared to individuals with no or lower dental anxiety scores. Concerning traumatic events, the reporting of painful or frightening dental treatment showed the biggest difference between those with high dental anxiety and low dental anxiety scores (a moderate effect). The hierarchical regression model indicated that reporting sexual abuse, traumatic medical treatment in hospital and childhood neglect significantly predicted dental anxiety in the step they were entered in, but only sexual abuse remained a significant individual contributor after controlling for current mental health symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of high dental anxiety was lower than expected (2.9%), but dentally anxious individuals expressed a high burden of mental health symptoms, poor oral health and the avoidance of dental care. The regression analysis indicated that experiences with sexual abuse could affect dental anxiety levels in the absence of generalised symptoms of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hege Nermo
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Center of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway. .,Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Tiril Willumsen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kamilla Rognmo
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jens C Thimm
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Centre for Crisis Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jan-Are Kolset Johnsen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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9
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Han JY, Lee JS, Lee JH, Jin MH, Kim SH. Associations between dietary habits, emotional state and subjective oral symptoms in 62,276 South Korean adolescents. Int Dent J 2020; 70:347-359. [PMID: 32478418 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between dietary habits, emotional states, and subjective oral symptoms in Korean adolescents. METHODS Data from 62,276 adolescents were derived from the 13th Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, conducting from June 1, 2017 to June 30, 2017. Oral symptoms were assessed by asking students whether they had experienced any of following symptoms within the last 12 months: (i) have you had a crack in your teeth or had any broken teeth not caused by exercise or other accidents?, (ii) have you experienced any toothaches while drinking or eating cold or hot beverages or foods?, (iii) have you ever felt throbbing in your teeth?, and (iv) have you experienced any gum pain or gum bleeding? A multivariable Poisson regression model for prevalence ratio (PR) was conducted. RESULTS Of the participants, 53.1% experienced subjective oral symptoms. After adjusting for confounders, participants with consumption of sweet drinks more than five times weekly in dietary behaviors (PR: 1.17 [95% confidence interval (CI); 1.13-1.21]), feeling stress in the emotional state (PR: 1.27 [95% CI; 1.24-1.31]), and never brushing teeth (PR: 1.22 [95% CI; 1.14-1.30]) in the frequency of toothbrushing had higher risks of having oral symptoms compared to the reference group. CONCLUSION Many adolescents in Korea experienced oral symptoms. The consumption of sweet drinks, infrequent toothbrushing, and a negative emotional state adversely affected perceived oral symptoms. Public concern about the oral health of adolescents is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Ju Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Jun Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
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10
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Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of dental anxiety, and to explore factors that may increase the risk of reporting dental anxiety among 18-year-old Norwegians in 2016. A further objective was to report changes in dental anxiety since 1996.Material and methods: An anonymous survey from a strategic sample of upper secondary students (n = 351) in 2016 with high response rate (93%) was compared with the results of an investigation of a similar population conducted in 1996.Results: The prevalence of dental anxiety and dental distrust was reduced from 1996 to 2016. Dental Fear Survey (DFS) from 19 to 8% (p < .001), and Dental Belief Survey (DBS) from 15 to 6% (p < .001). Geer Fear Scale (GFS) which measure phobic anxiety did not show a similar reduction (17 versus 15%, p = .37). Phobic anxiety, avoidance behaviour, self-reported poor oral health and previous experiences of pain were all associated with dental anxiety.Conclusion: The prevalence of dental anxiety was reduced from 1996 to 2016, but 8% still report dental anxiety. Proper pain management and use of behavioural management techniques still needs to be highlighted to prevent development of dental anxiety, avoidance behaviour and poor oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Strøm
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne B. Skaare
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tiril Willumsen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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