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Hurme P, Kähkönen M, Rückert B, Vahlberg T, Turunen R, Vuorinen T, Akdis M, Akdis CA, Jartti T. Disease Severity and Cytokine Expression in the Rhinovirus-Induced First Wheezing Episode. Viruses 2024; 16:924. [PMID: 38932217 PMCID: PMC11209381 DOI: 10.3390/v16060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheezing children infected with rhinovirus (RV) have a markedly increased risk of subsequently developing recurrencies and asthma. No previous studies have assessed the association between cytokine response and the severity of acute illness in the first wheezing episode in children infected with RV. Forty-seven children treated both as inpatients and as outpatients infected with RV only, aged 3-23 months, with severe first wheezing episodes were recruited. During acute illness, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 in vitro. A multiplex ELISA was used to quantitatively identify 56 different cytokines. The mean age of the children was 17 months, 74% were males, 79% were hospitalized, and 33% were sensitized. In adjusted analyses, the inpatient group was characterized by decreased expressions of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 10 (IL-10), macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (MIP-1α), RANTES (CCL5), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and an increased expression of ENA-78 (CXCL5) compared to the outpatient group. The cytokine response profiles from the PBMCs were different between the inpatient and outpatient groups. Our results support that firmly controlled interplay between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses are required during acute viral infection to absolve the initial infection leading, to less severe illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Hurme
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Miisa Kähkönen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Beate Rückert
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Turunen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tytti Vuorinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi A. Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), 7265 Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
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2
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Anderson J, Imran S, Ng YY, Wang T, Ashley S, Minh Thang C, Quang Thanh L, Thi Trang Dai V, Van Thanh P, Thi Hong Nhu B, Ngoc Xuan Trang D, Thi Phuong Trinh P, Thanh Binh L, Thuong Vu N, Trong Toan N, Novakovic B, Tang MLK, Wurzel D, Mulholland K, Pellicci DG, Do LAH, Licciardi PV. Differential anti-viral response to respiratory syncytial virus A in preterm and term infants. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105044. [PMID: 38447274 PMCID: PMC10933467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm infants are more likely to experience severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease compared to term infants. The reasons for this are multi-factorial, however their immature immune system is believed to be a major contributing factor. METHODS We collected cord blood from 25 preterm (gestational age 30.4-34.1 weeks) and 25 term infants (gestation age 37-40 weeks) and compared the response of cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) to RSVA and RSVB stimulation using neutralising assays, high-dimensional flow cytometry, multiplex cytokine assays and RNA-sequencing. FINDINGS We found that preterm and term infants had similar maternally derived neutralising antibody titres to RSVA and RSVB. Preterm infants had significantly higher myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) RSV infection compared to term infants. Differential gene expression analysis of RSVA stimulated CBMCs revealed enrichment of genes involved in cytokine production and immune regulatory pathways involving IL-10, IL-36γ, CXCL1, CXCL2, SOCS1 and SOCS3 in term infants, while differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in preterm infants were related to cell cycle (CDK1, TTK, ESCO2, KNL1, CDC25A, MAD2L1) without associated expression of immune response genes. Furthermore, enriched genes in term infants were highly correlated suggesting an increased co-ordination of their immune response to RSVA. When comparing DEGs in preterm and term infants following RSVB stimulation, no differences in immune response genes were identified. INTERPRETATION Overall, our data suggests that preterm infants have a more restricted immunological response to RSVA compared with term infants. While further studies are required, these findings may help to explain why preterm infants are more susceptible to severe RSV disease and identify potential therapeutic targets to protect these vulnerable infants. FUNDING Murdoch Children's Research Institute Infection and Immunity theme grant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Anderson
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Samira Imran
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yan Yung Ng
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Ashley
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Boris Novakovic
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danielle Wurzel
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kim Mulholland
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel G Pellicci
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lien Anh Ha Do
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Paul V Licciardi
- Infection, Immunity and Global Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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3
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Abdalhabib EK, Alzahrani B, Saboor M, Hamza A, Elfaki EM, Alanazi F, Alenazy FO, Algarni A, Khider Ibrahim I, Mohamed HA, Hussein Alfeel A, Ali Alshaikh N. IL-10 rs1800896 Polymorphism: A Risk Factor for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2022; 15:809-815. [PMID: 36119849 PMCID: PMC9480578 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s377356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene can increase susceptibility to tumor development. The current study aimed to explore the genotypic frequency of interleukin-10 (IL-10) rs1800896 polymorphism in newly diagnosed adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and validate whether this SNP is a risk factor for adult ALL. Patients and Methods This case–control study was based on a subset of newly diagnosed 154 adult patients with ALL recruited from the Radiation and Isotope Center in Khartoum (RICK) and 154 healthy controls from the same geographical area. Genomic DNA was used for the genotyping of rs1800896 polymorphism through allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Results The genotypic frequencies of rs1800896 showed a statistically significant association of AG and AA genotypes with adult ALL (p<0.001). Combined genotypes AG+GG vs AA also showed a positive association of rs1800896 with adult ALL (OR=4.89). The allelic frequencies of G and A did not show any significant difference in adult patients with ALL compared with the control group. AG rs1800896 genotype showed an increased risk of B and T ALL (OR=2.51 and 4.70, respectively). Age at diagnosis, gender, and immunophenotype (B vs T ALL) did not exhibit any association of rs1800896 with ALL in this patient group. Conclusion rs1800896 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of ALL in adult patients irrespective of the age at diagnosis, gender, and immunophenotype of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezeldine K Abdalhabib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Center (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Muhammad Saboor, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, Tel +971 56 443 2008, Email
| | - Alneil Hamza
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elyasa M Elfaki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fehaid Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz O Alenazy
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Algarni
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Khider Ibrahim
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hozifa A Mohamed
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ayman Hussein Alfeel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: Ayman Hussein Alfeel, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates, Email
| | - Nahla Ali Alshaikh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Center (MRC), Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Matsuda M, Inaba M, Hamaguchi J, Tomita H, Omori M, Shimora H, Sakae H, Kitatani K, Nabe T. Local IL-10 replacement therapy was effective for steroid-insensitive asthma in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109037. [PMID: 35810490 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Subgroups of patients with severe asthma showing marked increases in sputum eosinophils and/or neutrophils are insensitive to corticosteroids. Previous reports have shown that exogenous administration of an anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10 negatively regulated both eosinophilic and neutrophilic migration into tissues. The objective of this study was to elucidate whether intratracheal IL-10 administration suppresses asthmatic responses in a steroid-insensitive model of mice. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were intratracheally challenged with OVA at 500 µg/animal four times. Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) or IL-10 (25 ng/mouse, intratracheal) was administered during the multiple challenges. The number of leukocytes, expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and IL-10 receptor in the lung, and the development of airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness were evaluated after the fourth challenge. Consistent with our previous study, dexamethasone hardly suppressed the development of airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness. Although intratracheal IL-10 administration did not affect the development of airway remodeling, the infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils, and the development of airway hyperresponsiveness were significantly inhibited. Moreover, IL-10 administration significantly decreased the numbers of ICAM-1+ and VCAM-1+ pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, which express IL-10 receptor 1, even though neither production of eosinophilic nor neutrophilic cytokines in the lung was inhibited. Therefore, IL-10 can suppress eosinophil and neutrophil infiltration by inhibiting the proliferation of ICAM-1+ and VCAM-1+ pulmonary vascular endothelial cells, resulting in inhibition of airway hyperresponsiveness in steroid-insensitive asthmatic mice. IL-10 replacement therapy may be clinically useful for the treatment of steroid-insensitive asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Matsuda
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miki Inaba
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junpei Hamaguchi
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiro Tomita
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miyu Omori
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hayato Shimora
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Harumi Sakae
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kitatani
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nabe
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.
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5
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Assessment of Allergen-Responsive Regulatory T Cells in Experimental Asthma Induced in Different Mouse Strains. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:7584483. [PMID: 34924814 PMCID: PMC8683190 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7584483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important in regulating responses to innocuous antigens, such as allergens, by controlling the Th2 response, a mechanism that appears to be compromised in atopic asthmatic individuals. Different isogenic mouse strains also have distinct immunological responses and susceptibility to the experimental protocols used to develop lung allergic inflammation. In this work, we investigated the differences in the frequency of Treg cell subtypes among A/J, BALB/c, and C57BL/6, under normal conditions and following induction of allergic asthma with ovalbumin (OVA). Methods Subcutaneous sensitization followed by 4 consecutive intranasal OVA challenges induced asthma characteristic changes such as airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and production of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-5, and IL-33) in the lungs of only A/J and BALB/c but not C57BL/6 strain and evaluated by invasive whole-body plethysmography, flow cytometry, and ELISA, respectively. Results A/J strain naturally showed a higher frequency of CD4+IL-10+ T cells in the lungs of naïve mice compared to the other strains, accompanied by higher frequencies of CD4+IL-4+ T cells. C57BL/6 mice did not develop lung inflammation and presented higher frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after the allergen challenge. In in vitro settings, allergen-specific stimulation of mediastinal LN (mLN) cells from OVA-challenged animals induced higher frequency of CD4+IL-10+ Treg cells from A/J strain and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ from C57BL/6. Conclusions The observed differences in the frequencies of Treg cell subtypes associated with the susceptibility of the animals to experimental asthma suggest that CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and IL-10-producing CD4+ Treg cells may play different roles in asthma control. Similar to asthmatic individuals, the lack of an efficient regulatory response and susceptibility to the development of experimental asthma in A/J mice further suggests that this strain could be preferably chosen in experimental models of allergic asthma.
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6
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Lei L, Qin H, Luo J, Tan Y, Yang J, Pan Z. Construction and immunological evaluation of hepatitis B virus core virus-like particles containing multiple antigenic peptides of respiratory syncytial virus. Virus Res 2021; 298:198410. [PMID: 33819519 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes severe disease in the lower respiratory tract of infants and young children. Currently, no licensed vaccine is available. In this study, we generated the chimeric virus-like particles (tHBc/FE1E2, tHBc/FE1E2/M282-90 and tHBc/FE1E2/M282-90/tG VLPs) containing multiple antigenic peptides of RSV proteins based on a truncated hepatitis B virus core carrier (tHBc). We investigated the immune protection against RSV infection induced by these VLPs in a mouse model. Immunization with the VLPs elicited RSV-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody production and conferred protection against RSV infection in vivo. Compared with UV-RSV or tHBc/FE1E2/M282-90/tG VLPs, the tHBc/FE1E2 and tHBc/FE1E2/M282-90 VLPs induced significantly decreased Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5) and increased Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2) as well as increased IgG2a/IgG1 ratios. tHBc/FE1E2 and tHBc/FE1E2/M282-90 VLPs also elicited an increased regulatory T (Treg) cell frequency and IL-10 secretion in the lungs of vaccinated mice, thereby relieving pulmonary pathology upon subsequent RSV infection. Our results demonstrate that the VLPs containing antigenic peptides of F protein combined with a CTL epitope of M2 may represent a promising RSV subunit vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Huan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yiluo Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zishu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Mi LL, Zhu Y, Lu HY. A crosstalk between type 2 innate lymphoid cells and alternative macrophages in lung development and lung diseases (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:403. [PMID: 33786611 PMCID: PMC8025469 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are important innate immune cells that are involved in type 2 inflammation, in both mice and humans. ILC2s are stimulated by factors, including interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-25, and activated ILC2s secrete several cytokines that mediate type 2 immunity by inducing profound changes in physiology, including activation of alternative (M2) macrophages. M2 macrophages possess immune modulatory, phagocytic, tissue repair and remodeling properties, and can regulate ILC2s under infection. The present review summarizes the role of ILC2s as innate cells and M2 macrophages as anti-inflammatory cells, and discusses current literature on their important biological significance. The present review also highlights how the crosstalk between ILC2s and M2 macrophages contributes to lung development, induces pulmonary parasitic expulsion, exacerbates pulmonary viral and fungal infections and allergic airway diseases, and promotes the development of lung diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and carcinoma of the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Lan Mi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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8
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Chattopadhyay P, Srinivasa Vasudevan J, Pandey R. Noncoding RNAs: modulators and modulatable players during infection-induced stress response. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 20:28-41. [PMID: 33491070 PMCID: PMC7929421 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome has an almost equal distribution of unique and transposable genetic elements. Although at the transcriptome level, a relatively higher contribution from transposable elements derived RNA has been reported. This is further highlighted with evidence from pervasive transcription. Of the total RNA, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are significant contributors to the transcriptome pool with sizeable fraction from repetitive elements of the human genome, inclusive of Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINEs) and Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs). ncRNAs are increasingly being implicated in diverse functional roles especially during conditions of stress. These stress responses are driven through diverse mediators, inclusive of long and short ncRNAs. ncRNAs such as MALAT1, GAS5, miR-204 and miR-199a-5p have been functionally involved during oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Also, within SINEs, Alu RNAs derived from primate-specific Alu repeats with ~11% human genome contribution, playing a significant role. Pathogenic diseases, including the recent COVID-19, leads to differential regulation of ncRNAs. Although, limited evidence suggests the need for an inquest into the role of ncRNAs in determining the host response towards pathogen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajesh Pandey
- Corresponding author: Rajesh Pandey, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), North Campus, Near Jubilee Hall, Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India. Tel.: +91 9811029551; E-mail:
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9
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Vahsen T, Zapata L, Guabiraba R, Melloul E, Cordonnier N, Botterel F, Guillot J, Arné P, Risco-Castillo V. Cellular and molecular insights on the regulation of innate immune responses to experimental aspergillosis in chicken and turkey poults. Med Mycol 2020; 59:465-475. [PMID: 32844181 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Across the world, many commercial poultry flocks and captive birds are threatened by infection with Aspergillus fumigatus. Susceptibility to aspergillosis varies among birds; among galliform birds specifically, morbidity and mortality rates seem to be greater in turkeys than in chickens. Little is known regarding the features of avian immune responses after inhalation of Aspergillus conidia, and to date, scarce information on inflammatory responses during aspergillosis exists. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to improve our understanding of the interactions between A. fumigatus and economically relevant galliform birds in terms of local innate immune responses. Intra-tracheal aerosolization of A. fumigatus conidia in turkey and chicken poults led to more severe clinical signs and lung lesions in turkeys, but leukocyte recovery from lung lavages was higher in chickens at 1dpi only. Interestingly, only chicken CD8+ T lymphocyte proportions increased after infection. Furthermore, the lungs of infected chickens showed an early upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-6, whereas in turkeys, most of these cytokines showed a downregulation or a delayed upregulation. These results confirmed the importance of an early pro-inflammatory response to ensure the development of an appropriate anti-fungal immunity to avoid Aspergillus dissemination in the respiratory tract. In conclusion, we show for the first time that differences in local innate immune responses between chickens and turkeys during aspergillosis may determine the outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Vahsen
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Laura Zapata
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Elise Melloul
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Nathalie Cordonnier
- Biopôle Alfort, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Françoise Botterel
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jacques Guillot
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France.,Biopôle Alfort, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Pascal Arné
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Veronica Risco-Castillo
- Dynamic research group EA 7380, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, USC ANSES, Maisons-Alfort, France.,Biopôle Alfort, Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
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Laubreton D, Drajac C, Eléouët JF, Rameix-Welti MA, Lo-Man R, Riffault S, Descamps D. Regulatory B Lymphocytes Colonize the Respiratory Tract of Neonatal Mice and Modulate Immune Responses of Alveolar Macrophages to RSV Infection in IL-10-Dependant Manner. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080822. [PMID: 32751234 PMCID: PMC7472339 DOI: 10.3390/v12080822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the prevalent pathogen of lower respiratory tract infections in children. The presence of neonatal regulatory B lymphocytes (nBreg) has been associated with a poor control of RSV infection in human newborns and with bronchiolitis severity. So far, little is known about how nBreg may contribute to neonatal immunopathology to RSV. We tracked nBreg in neonatal BALB/c mice and we investigated their impact on lung innate immunity, especially their crosstalk with alveolar macrophages (AMs) upon RSV infection. We showed that the colonization by nBreg during the first week of life is a hallmark of neonatal lung whereas this population is almost absent in adult lung. This particular period of age when nBreg are abundant corresponds to the same period when RSV replication in lungs fails to generate a type-I interferons (IFN-I) response and is not contained. When neonatal AMs are exposed to RSV in vitro, they produce IFN-I that in turn enhances IL-10 production by nBreg. IL-10 reciprocally can decrease IFN-I secretion by AMs. Thus, our work identified nBreg as an important component of neonatal lungs and pointed out new immunoregulatory interactions with AMs in the context of RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Laubreton
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
| | - Carole Drajac
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
| | - Jean-François Eléouët
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
| | - Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Infection et Inflammation, U1173, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France;
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Richard Lo-Man
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit Immunity and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Sabine Riffault
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (D.D.); Tel.: +(33)-01-34-65-26-20 (S.R.); +(33)-01-34-65-26-10 (D.D.)
| | - Delphyne Descamps
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UVSQ, VIM, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (D.L.); (C.D.); (J.-F.E.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (D.D.); Tel.: +(33)-01-34-65-26-20 (S.R.); +(33)-01-34-65-26-10 (D.D.)
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11
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The Ability of Respiratory Commensal Bacteria to Beneficially Modulate the Lung Innate Immune Response Is a Strain Dependent Characteristic. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050727. [PMID: 32414154 PMCID: PMC7285514 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the ability of commensal respiratory bacteria to modulate the innate immune response against bacterial and viral pathogens was a shared or strain-specific characteristic. Bacterial strains belonging to the Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Dolosigranulum pigrum species were compared by studying their influence in the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2- and TLR3-triggered immune responses in the respiratory tract, as well as in the resistance to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. We demonstrated that nasally administered C. pseudodiphteriticum 090104 or D. pigrum 040417 were able to modulate respiratory immunity and increase the resistance against pathogens, while other strains of the same species did not influence the respiratory immune responses, demonstrating a clear strain-dependent immunomodulatory effect of respiratory commensal bacteria. We also reported here that bacterium-like particles (BLP) and cell walls derived from immunomodulatory respiratory commensal bacteria are an interesting alternative for the modulation of the respiratory immune system. Our study is a step forward in the positioning of certain strains of respiratory commensal bacteria as next-generation probiotics for the respiratory tract.
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12
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Dubois J, Pizzorno A, Cavanagh MH, Padey B, Nicolas de Lamballerie C, Uyar O, Venable MC, Carbonneau J, Traversier A, Julien T, Lavigne S, Couture C, Lina B, Hamelin MÈ, Terrier O, Rosa-Calatrava M, Boivin G. Strain-Dependent Impact of G and SH Deletions Provide New Insights for Live-Attenuated HMPV Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7040164. [PMID: 31671656 PMCID: PMC6963613 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major pediatric respiratory pathogen with currently no specific treatment or licensed vaccine. Different strategies to prevent this infection have been evaluated, including live-attenuated vaccines (LAV) based on SH and/or G protein deletions. This approach showed promising outcomes but has not been evaluated further using different viral strains. In that regard, we previously showed that different HMPV strains harbor distinct in vitro fusogenic and in vivo pathogenic phenotypes, possibly influencing the selection of vaccine strains. In this study, we investigated the putative contribution of the low conserved SH or G accessory proteins in such strain-dependent phenotypes and generated recombinant wild type (WT) and SH- or G-deleted viruses derived from two different patient-derived HMPV strains, A1/C-85473 and B2/CAN98-75. The ΔSH and ΔG deletions led to different strain-specific phenotypes in both LLC-MK2 cell and reconstituted human airway epithelium models. More interestingly, the ΔG-85473 and especially ΔSH-C-85473 recombinant viruses conferred significant protection against HMPV challenge and induced immunogenicity against a heterologous strain. In conclusion, our results show that the viral genetic backbone should be considered in the design of live-attenuated HMPV vaccines, and that a SH-deleted virus based on the A1/C-85473 HMPV strain could be a promising LAV candidate as it is both attenuated and protective in mice while being efficiently produced in a cell-based system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dubois
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Andrés Pizzorno
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Marie-Hélène Cavanagh
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Blandine Padey
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Claire Nicolas de Lamballerie
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Olus Uyar
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Marie-Christine Venable
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Julie Carbonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Aurélien Traversier
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Thomas Julien
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
- VirNext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Sophie Lavigne
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
| | - Christian Couture
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada.
| | - Bruno Lina
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des virus Influenza, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Groupement Hospitalier Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France.
| | - Marie-Ève Hamelin
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Olivier Terrier
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Manuel Rosa-Calatrava
- Laboratoire de Virologie et Pathologie Humaine-VirPath team, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
- VirNext, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Guy Boivin
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and Université Laval, QC G1V 4G2, Canada.
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13
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Zhang YH, Xing YQ, Chen Z, Ma XC, Lu Q. Association between interleukin-10 genetic polymorphisms and risk of primary open angle glaucoma in a Chinese Han population: a case-control study. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1605-1611. [PMID: 31637197 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.10.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the association between interleukin-10 (IL-10) genetic polymorphisms and risk of POAG through a case-control study in a Han population of China. METHODS A total of 210 patients with POAG and 420 normal subjects were recruited during the period from Dec. 2013 to Dec. 2016. The IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800870), -819T>C (rs1800871) and -592C>A (rs1800872) polymorphisms were determined using iPlex GOLD SNP genotyping analysis (the SequenomMassARRAY® System, Sequenom, San Diego, USA). The association between IL-10 -1082A>G (rs1800870), -819T>C (rs1800871), and -592C>A (rs1800872) polymorphisms and risk of POAG was assessed by singlelogistic regression analysis. RESULTS We observed that those carrying the CC genotype of rs1800871 was associated with an increased risk of POAG when compared with those harboring the TT genotype (OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.01-3.38). Those with AA genotype of rs1800872 had a 10.62 fold risk of POAG in comparison to the CC genotype (OR=10.62, 95%CI, 3.41-33.09). A completely linkage disequilibrium was found between IL-10 rs1800871-rs1800872 (D'=1.00, r 2=0.16). The A-C-A (OR=2.60, 95%CI, 1.48-4.58) and G-T-A (OR=2.34, 95%CI, 1.42-3.86) haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of POAG, while the A-T-C haplotype showed a decreased risk of POAG (OR=0.63, 95%CI, 0.49-0.81). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that IL-10 rs1800871 and rs1800872 can be predictive factors for the pathogenesis of POAG in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Pronvince, China.,Ophthalmology Department of Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi-Qiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Pronvince, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Pronvince, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Ma
- Ophthalmology Department of Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Ophthalmology Department of Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot 010017, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
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14
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Wang Z, Tan Y, Mou X, Wang C, Li Y, Xiao F, Hu X, Liu H, Xu H. Screening and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the anti-respiratory syncytial virus activity of butene lactones in vitro and in vivo. J Med Virol 2019; 92:17-25. [PMID: 31475735 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A series of butene lactones were synthesized and these compounds were tested for anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) activity in vitro. Three compounds exhibited an antiviral effect, the highest of which was compound 6b3 with an effective concentration 50% of 6.35 μM. The effects of 6b3 were then evaluated in vivo and a significant reduction in the lung index caused by RSV was detected. Reduced inflammatory infiltration and necrosis of the lungs were revealed by histopathology and gross pathology. Activation of an early immune response by 6b3 was also observed by cytokine analysis via a real-time polymerase chain reaction. These results indicated that 6b3 has an anti-RSV effect both in vitro and in vivo, and is a possible candidate compound for the development of an anti-RSV drug in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yayun Tan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Mou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of "Runliang" Antiviral Medicines Research and Development, Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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15
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Tahamtan A, Askari FS, Bont L, Salimi V. Disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infection: Role of host genetic variation. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29:e2026. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tahamtan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine; Golestan University of Medical Sciences; Gorgan Iran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine; Golestan University of Medical Sciences; Gorgan Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sana Askari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine; Golestan University of Medical Sciences; Gorgan Iran
| | - Louis Bont
- Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital; University Medical Centre Utrecht; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Vahid Salimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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16
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Holster A, Teräsjärvi J, Vuononvirta J, Koponen P, Peltola V, Helminen M, He Q, Korppi M, Nuolivirta K. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL10 gene are associated with virus etiology of infant bronchiolitis. World J Pediatr 2018; 14:594-600. [PMID: 29802545 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-018-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiolitis is the most common infection leading to hospitalization in infancy. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, and in our previous study, IL10 gene rs1800896 (- 1082A/G) polymorphism was associated with viral etiology of infant bronchiolitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between IL10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at rs1800890 (- 3575A/T), rs1800871 (- 819C/T) or rs1800872 (- 592C/A) either alone or combined with the SNP at rs1800896 (- 1082G/A), and the etiology and severity of infant bronchiolitis. METHODS Data on four IL10 SNPs were available from 135 full-term infants, hospitalized for bronchiolitis at age less than 6 months, and from 378 to 400 controls. Viral etiology was studied, and oxygen support, feeding support and the length of stay in hospital were recorded during bronchiolitis hospitalization. RESULTS Infants with rhinovirus bronchiolitis had the IL10 rs1800890 variant AT or TT genotype less often (18.2%) than controls (63.3%, P = 0.03), and likewise, had the IL10 rs1800896 variant AG or GG genotype less often (27.3%) than controls (65.5%, P = 0.009). Twenty-eight infants with bronchiolitis had the variant-variant Grs1800896Trs1800890 haplotype, and none of them had rhinovirus infection. The IL10 rs1800871 or rs1800872 genotypes showed no associations with viruses. No association was found between any genotypes and bronchiolitis severity measures. CONCLUSION IL10 rs1800890 and rs1800896 polymorphisms differed between infants with rhinovirus bronchiolitis and controls, but not between infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annukka Holster
- Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Hanneksenrinne 7, 60220, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Johanna Teräsjärvi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Vuononvirta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Koponen
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and Child and Youth Research Institute, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Helminen
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Turku University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Matti Korppi
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kirsi Nuolivirta
- Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Hanneksenrinne 7, 60220, Seinäjoki, Finland.
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17
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Turi KN, Shankar J, Anderson LJ, Rajan D, Gaston K, Gebretsadik T, Das SR, Stone C, Larkin EK, Rosas-Salazar C, Brunwasser SM, Moore ML, Peebles RS, Hartert TV. Infant Viral Respiratory Infection Nasal Immune-Response Patterns and Their Association with Subsequent Childhood Recurrent Wheeze. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:1064-1073. [PMID: 29733679 PMCID: PMC6221572 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201711-2348oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Recurrent wheeze and asthma are thought to result from alterations in early life immune development following respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. However, prior studies of the nasal immune response to infection have assessed only individual cytokines, which does not capture the whole spectrum of response to infection. OBJECTIVES To identify nasal immune phenotypes in response to RSV infection and their association with recurrent wheeze. METHODS A birth cohort of term healthy infants born June to December were recruited and followed to capture the first infant RSV infection. Nasal wash samples were collected during acute respiratory infection, viruses were identified by RT-PCR, and immune-response analytes were assayed using a multianalyte bead-based panel. Immune-response clusters were identified using machine learning, and association with recurrent wheeze at age 1 and 2 years was assessed using logistic regression. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We identified two novel and distinct immune-response clusters to RSV and human rhinovirus. In RSV-infected infants, a nasal immune-response cluster characterized by lower non-IFN antiviral immune-response mediators, and higher type-2 and type-17 cytokines was significantly associated with first and second year recurrent wheeze. In comparison, we did not observe this in infants with human rhinovirus acute respiratory infection. Based on network analysis, type-2 and type-17 cytokines were central to the immune response to RSV, whereas growth factors and chemokines were central to the immune response to human rhinovirus. CONCLUSIONS Distinct immune-response clusters during infant RSV infection and their association with risk of recurrent wheeze provide insights into the risk factors for and mechanisms of asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedir N. Turi
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Jyoti Shankar
- Infectious Disease Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | | | - Devi Rajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kelsey Gaston
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Suman R. Das
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine
- Infectious Disease Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland; and
| | - Cosby Stone
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | - Emma K. Larkin
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine and
| | | | | | - Martin L. Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Tina V. Hartert
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine and
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18
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Jin X, Ji Z, Li X, Liu R, Guan Y. Bioinformatics analysis and verification of key genes associated with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:514-524. [PMID: 29693136 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the key genes related with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs), and then elucidated the possible molecular mechanisms of RRTIs. Neutrophil was isolated from peripheral bloods of the recurrent lower respiratory tract infection patients and healthy volunteers, respectively. The next generation sequencing information was obtained after RNA extraction, purification, library construction and sequencing. The sequencing information was preprocessed. Bioinformatics analysis including analysis of differentially expre-ssed genes (DEGs), Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and transcription factors analysis were performed. The key genes were verified by real-time PCR. In total, 17 significant DEGs were obtained in case group compared with the control group by bioinformatics analysis. Then, 6 of 17 genes were detected by real-time PCR. There was statistical significance between case and control groups for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARG), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), transferrin (TF) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) (P<0.05), and there was no statistical significance between case and control groups for TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) and matrix metallopeptidase 1 (MMP1). PPARG, PTGS2, TF and IL-10 are key genes associated with the progression of RRTIs. We speculate that TIMP1 and MMP1 may also be involved in the progression of RRTIs, but further studies with large number of samples are needed for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Ji
- Department of ICU, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Guan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Guo C, Wen L, Song JK, Zeng WJ, Dan C, Niu YM, Shen M. Significant association between interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12365-12375. [PMID: 29552317 PMCID: PMC5844753 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms may be associated with an increased risk of developing cervical cancer. However, the published results on this subject matter are controversial. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of published reports to more precisely investigate the relationship between IL-10 polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk. Five online databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of SCI, CNKI and Wanfang) were searched, and seventeen articles with sufficient quantitative information were included in our meta-analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between IL-10 polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk. Publication bias, sensitivity and cumulative analyses were also performed to support our findings. Overall, there was a significant association between the IL-10 -1082A > G polymorphism and cervical cancer risk observed in the total population (G vs. A: OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.12–2.29, P = 0.01, I2 = 92.3%; AG vs. AA: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.04-1.74, P = 0.03, I2 = 65.9%; AG + GG vs. AA: OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.11–2.25, P = 0.01, I2 = 84.4%), and the same results were obtained in the subgroup analysis. Moreover, the IL-10 -819 T > C polymorphism exhibited a significant, protective effect against cervical cancer. In summary, our meta-analysis suggests that IL-10 polymorphisms may play a variety of roles in regard to cervical cancer risk, especially in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Guo
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Suizhou Central Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ju-Kun Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillary Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - Weng-Jing Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Chao Dan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yu-Ming Niu
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.,Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Implant, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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20
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Altered regulatory cytokine profiles in cases of pediatric respiratory syncytial virus infection. Cytokine 2018; 103:57-62. [PMID: 29324262 PMCID: PMC7130056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Regulatory cytokines are associated with viral infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation between serum regulatory cytokines concentrations and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. Methods We enrolled 325 children aged < 24 months who were diagnosed with acute respiratory tract infection. Twenty age-matched healthy children were enrolled as controls. Nasopharyngeal swabs were analyzed to identify virus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and blood samples were taken to quantify the regulatory cytokine concentrations, including interleukin (IL)-35, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 using the Bio-Plex immunoassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results RSV disease was associated with a great regulatory cytokine response than healthy children, among 89 RSV-infected patients, serum IL-35 (P = .0001) and IL-10 (P = .006) was significantly elevated in comparison with healthy controls. Young children (0< age ≤6 months) with RSV infection had significantly lower IL-35 and IL-10 expression but needed more oxygen therapy and more severe disease comparing with older children (12< age <24 months). Comparing with mild group, the expression levels of IL-10 were significantly lower in children with moderate and severe disease (P = .012 and P = .005, respectively). And levels of IL-10 was inversely associated with total duration of RSV infection symptoms (r = − 0.311, P = .019). Conclusion Children with RSV infected had increased serum regulatory cytokine IL-10 and IL-35 concentrations. Elevated expression of IL-10 and IL-35 were contributed to protect hypoxia and reduce the severity of disease.
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21
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Silva BSA, Lira FS, Ramos D, Uzeloto JS, Rossi FE, Freire APCF, Silva RN, Trevisan IB, Gobbo LA, Ramos EMC. Severity of COPD and its relationship with IL-10. Cytokine 2017; 106:95-100. [PMID: 29108795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to compare inflammatory and metabolic responses according to severity of airflow among patients with COPD and to verify the relationship between pulmonary function, body composition, metabolic and inflammatory profile. METHODS Fifty-one patients with mild to very severe COPD were recruited and divided according lung function in Mild-moderate (GOLD 1-2) n= 21; Severe (GOLD 3) n=25 and Very severe (GOLD 4) n=5. Patients were submitted to assessments of lung function (spirometry), functional exercise capacity (6-min walk test), body composition (Octopolar bioelectrical impedance), metabolic profile (glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and albumin (colorimetric assay)) and inflammatory profile (cytokines: IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-15 (ELISA)). RESULTS We found that patients in GOLD 3 group had lower levels of IL-10, triglycerides, visceral fat area, and higher IL-6 and IL-6/IL-10 ratio when compared to GOLD 1-2 patients. Additionally, GOLD 1-2 group presented negative correlation between TNF-α and HDL cholesterol (p= .01) and positive correlation between IL-15 and FEV1/FVC (p=.01), while GOLD 3 group showed positive correlation between IL-6 and IL-10 (p< .01), IL-6 and total cholesterol (p<.01) and negative correlation between IL-10 and HDL-cholesterol (p=.01). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that patients with severe COPD can exhibit compromised "inflammatory status", characterized by higher IL6, IL-6/IL-10 ratio and lower IL-10 concentration. Furthermore, IL-10 seems to be an interesting cytokine to be investigated in this kind of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna S A Silva
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physcial Education, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Post Graduation Program in Motricity Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fábio S Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Dionei Ramos
- Department of Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana S Uzeloto
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Eduardo Rossi
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula C F Freire
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeca N Silva
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Iara B Trevisan
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Department of Physcial Education, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Post Graduation Program in Motricity Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Ercy M C Ramos
- Department of Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil; Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
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Openshaw PJ, Chiu C, Culley FJ, Johansson C. Protective and Harmful Immunity to RSV Infection. Annu Rev Immunol 2017; 35:501-532. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J.M. Openshaw
- Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Chiu
- Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona J. Culley
- Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Cecilia Johansson
- Respiratory Infections, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
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Meunier I, Kaufmann E, Downey J, Divangahi M. Unravelling the networks dictating host resistance versus tolerance during pulmonary infections. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 367:525-536. [PMID: 28168323 PMCID: PMC7088083 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The appearance of single cell microorganisms on earth dates back to more than 3.5 billion years ago, ultimately leading to the development of multicellular organisms approximately 3 billion years later. The evolutionary burst of species diversity and the “struggle for existence”, as proposed by Darwin, generated a complex host defense system. Host survival during infection in vital organs, such as the lung, requires a delicate balance between host defense, which is essential for the detection and elimination of pathogens and host tolerance, which is critical for minimizing collateral tissue damage. Whereas the cellular and molecular mechanisms of host defense against many invading pathogens have been extensively studied, our understanding of host tolerance as a key mechanism in maintaining host fitness is extremely limited. This may also explain why current therapeutic and preventive approaches targeting only host defense mechanisms have failed to provide full protection against severe infectious diseases, including pulmonary influenza virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. In this review, we aim to outline various host strategies of resistance and tolerance for effective protection against acute or chronic pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Meunier
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Eva Kaufmann
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Downey
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Maziar Divangahi
- Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, and Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, McGill International TB Centre, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada. .,RI-MUHC, Centre for Translational Biology, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Block E (EM3.2248), Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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24
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Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of upper respiratory tract infection in children and adults. However, infection with this virus sometimes leads to severe lower respiratory disease and is the major cause of infant hospitalisations in the developed world. Several risk factors such as baby prematurity and congenital heart disease are known to predispose towards severe disease but previously healthy, full-term infants can also develop bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia during RSV infection. The causes of severe disease are not fully understood but may include dysregulation of the immune response to the virus, resulting in excessive recruitment and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells that can cause damage. This review highlights recent discoveries on the balancing act of immune-mediated virus clearance versus immunopathology during RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Johansson
- Respiratory Infections Section, St Mary's campus, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
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25
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Huang AX, Lu LW, Liu WJ, Huang M. Plasma Inflammatory Cytokine IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α Levels Correlate with Pulmonary Function in Patients with Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Overlap Syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2800-8. [PMID: 27501772 PMCID: PMC4982526 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma inflammatory cytokine levels and their correlations with pulmonary function in patients with asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome (ACOS). Material/Methods Between January 2013 and December 2014, a total of 96 patients with asthma, acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), or ACOS were enrolled, and 35 healthy people were included as a control group. Fasting plasma interleukin (IL)-4, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations between the plasma inflammatory cytokine levels and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/predicted value ratio (FEV1%pred), and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) were analyzed. Results IL-4 and IL-8 levels showed statistically significant differences among the 3 groups of patients (both P<0.001); IL-4 level was significantly lower, while IL-8 level was significantly higher in the AECOPD group and ACOS group than those in the asthma group (all P<0.05). IL-10 level and TNF-α level were significantly different among the 3 patient groups (both P<0.001). IL-10 level was significantly different between each of the 2 groups (all P<0.001). TNF-α level in the asthma group was higher than in the AECOPD group and ACOS group (both P<0.001). IL-4 and IL-10 were positively and IL-8 and TNF-α were negatively related with FEV1, FEV1%pred, and FEV1/FVC. Conclusions Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α are related with severity of airway diseases and could be potential markers for the evaluation of asthma, COPD, and ACOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Xia Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Li-Wen Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University 6th Hospital, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wen-Juan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, South Campus, Shanghai Jiaotong University 6th Hospital, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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26
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Lv SJ, Lai DP, Wei X, Yan Q, Xia JM. The protective effect of Shenfu injection against elderly severe pneumonia. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2016; 43:711-715. [DOI: 10.1007/s00068-016-0713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Comas-García A, López-Pacheco CP, García-Zepeda EA, Soldevila G, Ramos-Martínez P, Ramos-Castañeda J. Neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection has an effect on lung inflammation and the CD4(+) CD25(+) T cell subpopulation during ovalbumin sensitization in adult mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 185:190-201. [PMID: 26990762 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In BALB/c adult mice, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection enhances the degree of lung inflammation before and/or after ovalbumin (OVA) respiratory sensitization. However, it is unclear whether RSV infection in newborn mice has an effect on the immune response to OVA respiratory sensitization in adult mice. The aim of this study was to determine if RSV neonatal infection alters T CD4(+) population and lung inflammation during OVA respiratory sensitization in adult mice. BALB/c mice were infected with RSV on the fourth day of life and challenged by OVA 4 weeks later. We found that in adult mice, RSV neonatal infection prior to OVA sensitization reduces the CD4(+) CD25(+) and CD4(+) CD25(+) forkhead protein 3 (FoxP3)(+) cell populations in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage. Furthermore, it also attenuates the inflammatory infiltrate and cytokine/chemokine expression levels in the mouse airways. In conclusion, the magnitude of the immune response to a non-viral respiratory perturbation in adult mice is not enhanced by a neonatal RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Comas-García
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - C P López-Pacheco
- CBRL, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E A García-Zepeda
- CBRL, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Soldevila
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - P Ramos-Martínez
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Cuauhtémoc, Plantel San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - J Ramos-Castañeda
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.,Center for Tropical Disease, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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28
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Ghosh R, Rossner P, Honkova K, Dostal M, Sram RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I. Air pollution and childhood bronchitis: Interaction with xenobiotic, immune regulatory and DNA repair genes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 87:94-100. [PMID: 26655675 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene-environment interactions have been investigated for diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer etc. but acute disease like bronchitis has rarely been studied. We investigated interactions between air pollution (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5)) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in EPHX1, IL10, STAT4 and XPC genes in relation to bronchitis in children aged 0-2 years. METHODS A stratified random sample of 1133 Czech children, born between 1994 and 1998 in two districts, were followed since birth, of which 626 were genotyped. Pediatrician-diagnosed bronchitis episodes were obtained from the medical records. Central-site monitors measured air pollution exposure. We used multivariable logistic regression and estimated coefficients using generalized estimating equations. Interaction was assessed between pollutants and genes and associations in genotype-specific strata were presented. False discovery rate was used to adjust for multiple comparisons. RESULTS There were 803 episodes of bronchitis with an incidence rate of 56 per 1000 child-months. We found significant gene-environment interaction between PAH and four SNPs (EPHX1, (rs2854461), STAT4 (rs16833215), XPC (rs2228001 and rs2733532)), which became non-significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. PM2.5 interactions with two XPC SNPs (rs2228001 and rs2733532) remained significant after accounting for multiple comparisons and those with CC alleles had a more than doubling of odds, OR=2.65 (95% CI: 1.91, 3.69) and 2.72 (95% CI: 1.95, 3.78), respectively, per 25 μg/m(3) increase in exposure. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the DNA repair gene XPC may play an important role in the air pollution-induced pathogenesis of the inflammatory disease bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Ghosh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States.
| | - Pavel Rossner
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Honkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Dostal
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radim J Sram
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, United States
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29
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Moon HG, Qin Z, Quan T, Xie L, Dela Cruz CS, Jin Y. Matrix protein CCN1 induced by bacterial DNA and CpG ODN limits lung inflammation and contributes to innate immune homeostasis. Mucosal Immunol 2015; 8:243-53. [PMID: 25005359 PMCID: PMC4289128 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To defend against pulmonary infections, lung epithelial cells are equipped with complex innate immunity closely linked to inflammation. Dysregulated innate immunity/inflammation leads to self-perpetuating lung injury. The CpG motif in bacterial DNA is one of the factors involved in bacterial infection-associated inflammation. Bacterial DNA and synthetic CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) induced CCN1 secretion from lung epithelial cells, functioning as a potential "braking" signal to prevent uncontrolled inflammatory responses. CpG ODN-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress resulted in Src-Y527 phosphorylation (pY527) and Src/CCN1 vWF domain dissociation. Src-Y527 activated caveolin-1 (cav-1) phosphorylation at Y14 and then modulated CCN1 secretion via pCav-1 interaction with the CCN1 IGFbp domain. Functionally, secreted CCN1 promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 release from epithelial cells via integrin αVβ6-PKC, and this subsequently suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2)-2 secretion and neutrophil infiltration in the lungs. Collectively, bacterial DNA/CpG ODN-stimulated CCN1 secretion via the BiP/GRP78-Src(Y527)-JNK-Cav-1(Y14) pathway and CpG-induced CCN1 conferred anti-inflammatory roles. Our studies suggested a novel paradigm by which the lung epithelium maintains innate immune homeostasis after bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Geun Moon
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 02115
| | - Zhaoping Qin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Taihao Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Lixin Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Charles S. Dela Cruz
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 06520
| | - Yang Jin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA 02115
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Interleukin 10 overexpression alters survival in the setting of gram-negative pneumonia following lung contusion. Shock 2014; 41:301-10. [PMID: 24430542 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000000123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung contusion injury produces a vulnerable window within the inflammatory defenses of the lung that predisposes the patient to pneumonia. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a known anti-inflammatory mediator produced by macrophages and capable of downregulating acute lung inflammation. We investigated the impact of increased levels of IL-10 within the lung on survival and the host response to trauma in the setting of lung contusion (LC) and gram-negative pneumonia. DESIGN A bitransgenic, tetracycline-inducible, lung-specific human IL-10 overexpression (IL-10 OE) mouse model and single transgenic (TG-) control mice were used. Mice underwent LC injury or sham injury (sham) at time -6 h. At time 0, animals were inoculated intratracheally with 500 colony-forming units of Klebsiella pneumoniae (pneu). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, lung tissue specimens, or purified macrophages were collected. Lung tissue and blood bacteria levels were quantified. Cytokine levels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and gene expression levels were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell-type identification and quantification were done using real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. MAIN RESULTS Interleukin 10 OE mice demonstrated decreased 5-day survival compared with TG- mice following LC + pneu (0 vs. 30%, P < 0.0001). Interleukin 10 OE mice had significantly higher lung bacteria counts (P = 0.02) and levels of bacteremia (P = 0.001) at 24 h. The IL-10 OE mice recruited more neutrophils into the alveoli as measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with TG- mice. Alveolar macrophages from IL-10 OE mice displayed increased alternative activation (M2 macrophages, P = 0.046), whereas macrophages from TG- mice exhibited classic activation (M1 macrophages) and much higher intracellular bacterial killing potential (P = 0.03). Interleukin 6, keratinocyte-derived chemokine, and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 levels were significantly elevated in IL-10 OE LC + pneu animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Lung-specific IL-10 overexpression induces alternative activation of alveolar macrophages. This shift in macrophage phenotype decreases intracellular bacterial killing, resulting in a more pronounced bacteremia and accelerated mortality in a model of LC and pneumonia.
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Ye Q, Shao WX, Shang SQ, Pan YX, Shen HQ, Chen XJ. Epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. J Med Virol 2014; 87:323-9. [PMID: 25123681 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections are the dominant cause of pneumonia in children. In order to determine the epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus, a prospective study was performed among patients with RSV infection. Comparisons between RSV pneumonia group and normal control group, RSV pneumonia group had lower IL-2 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.8 vs. 5.1, P < 0.01), and higher IL-4 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.2 vs. 2.4, P < 0.01), IL-10 (median levels, pg/ml: 12.2 vs. 2.3, P < 0.01), and IFN-γ (median levels, pg/ml: 13.4 vs. 4.6, P < 0.01). The level of IgE among pneumonia patients caused by RSV increased sharply (median levels, mg/L: 48.1 vs. 8.8, P < 0.01). Another amazing finding is that after birth, the degree of IgE of the children infected by RSV increases gradually with age. This effect is at its peak in 0.6 years old. The IgE and eosinophil levels were higher when patients suffered from RSV pneumonia with wheeze (IgE median levels, IU/ml: with wheeze: 72.74 vs. without wheeze: 11.5, P < 0.05; eosinophil median levels, ×10(9) /l: with wheeze: 0.21 vs. without wheeze: 0.05, P < 0.05). The main morbidity crowd is the children under the age of 1 year old. The downregulation of IL2 and the upregulation of IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IgE happen after RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Neonatal Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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Schuler BA, Schreiber MT, Li L, Mokry M, Kingdon ML, Raugi DN, Smith C, Hameister C, Racaniello VR, Hall DJ. Major and minor group rhinoviruses elicit differential signaling and cytokine responses as a function of receptor-mediated signal transduction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93897. [PMID: 24736642 PMCID: PMC3988043 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major- and minor-group human rhinoviruses (HRV) enter their host by binding to the cell surface molecules ICAM-1 and LDL-R, respectively, which are present on both macrophages and epithelial cells. Although epithelial cells are the primary site of productive HRV infection, previous studies have implicated macrophages in establishing the cytokine dysregulation that occurs during rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations. Analysis of the transcriptome of primary human macrophages exposed to major- and minor-group HRV demonstrated differential gene expression. Alterations in gene expression were traced to differential mitochondrial activity and signaling pathway activation between two rhinovirus serotypes, HRV16 (major-group) and HRV1A (minor-group), upon initial HRV binding. Variances in phosphorylation of kinases (p38, JNK, ERK5) and transcription factors (ATF-2, CREB, CEBP-alpha) were observed between the major- and minor-group HRV treatments. Differential activation of signaling pathways led to changes in the production of the asthma-relevant cytokines CCL20, CCL2, and IL-10. This is the first report of genetically similar viruses eliciting dissimilar cytokine release, transcription factor phosphorylation, and MAPK activation from macrophages, suggesting that receptor use is a mechanism for establishing the inflammatory microenvironment in the human airway upon exposure to rhinovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce A. Schuler
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - LuYuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Michal Mokry
- Division of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Megan L. Kingdon
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Dana N. Raugi
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Cosonya Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Chelsea Hameister
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Vincent R. Racaniello
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David J. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Paulus P, Holfeld J, Urbschat A, Mutlak H, Ockelmann PA, Tacke S, Zacharowski K, Reissig C, Stay D, Scheller B. Prednisolone as preservation additive prevents from ischemia reperfusion injury in a rat model of orthotopic lung transplantation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73298. [PMID: 24009745 PMCID: PMC3756949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung is, more than other solid organs, susceptible for ischemia reperfusion injury after orthotopic transplantation. Corticosteroids are known to potently suppress pro-inflammatory processes when given in the post-operative setting or during rejection episodes. Whereas their use has been approved for these clinical indications, there is no study investigating its potential as a preservation additive in preventing vascular damage already in the phase of ischemia. To investigate these effects we performed orthotopic lung transplantations (LTX) in the rat. Prednisolone was either added to the perfusion solution for lung preservation or omitted and rats were followed for 48 hours after LTX. Prednisolone preconditioning significantly increased survival and diminished reperfusion edema. Hypoxia induced vasoactive cytokines such as VEGF were reduced. Markers of leukocyte invasiveness like matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2, or common pro-inflammatory molecules like the CXCR4 receptor or the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)-2 were downregulated by prednisolone. Neutrophil recruitment to the grafts was only increased in Perfadex treated lungs. Together with this, prednisolone treated animals displayed significantly reduced lung protein levels of neutrophil chemoattractants like CINC-1, CINC-2α/β and LIX and upregulated tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1. Interestingly, lung macrophage invasion was increased in both, Perfadex and prednisolone treated grafts, as measured by MMP-12 or RM4. Markers of anti-inflammatory macrophage transdifferentiation like MRC-1, IL-13, IL-4 and CD163, significantly correlated with prednisolone treatment. These observations lead to the conclusion that prednisolone as an additive to the perfusion solution protects from hypoxia triggered danger signals already in the phase of ischemia and thus reduces graft edema in the phase of reperfusion. Additionally, prednisolone preconditioning might also lead to macrophage polarization as a beneficial long-term effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Paulus
- Clinic of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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