1
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Neve RL, Giedraitis E, Akbari MS, Cohen S, Phelan VV. Secondary metabolite profiling of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates reveals rare genomic traits. mSystems 2024; 9:e0033924. [PMID: 38619244 PMCID: PMC11097636 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00339-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen with remarkable phylogenetic and phenotypic variabilities. In this work, we applied classical molecular networking analysis to secondary metabolite profiling data from seven Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, including five clinical isolates from the lung secretions of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). We provide three vignettes illustrating how secondary metabolite profiling aids in the identification of rare genomics traits in P. aeruginosa. First, we describe the identification of a previously unreported class of acyl putrescines produced by isolate mFLRO1. Secondary analysis of publicly available metabolomics data revealed that acyl putrescines are produced by <5% of P. aeruginosa strains. Second, we show that isolate SH3A does not produce di-rhamnolipids. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomics revealed that SH3A cannot produce di-rhamnolipids because its genome belongs to clade 5 of the P. aeruginosa phylogenetic tree. Previous phylogenetic analysis of thousands of P. aeruginosa strains concluded that <1% of publicly available genome sequences contribute to this clade. Last, we show that isolate SH1B does not produce the phenazine pyocyanin or rhamnolipids because it has a one-base insertion frameshift mutation (678insC) in the gene rhlR, which disrupts rhl-driven quorum sensing. Secondary analysis of the tens of thousands of publicly available genomes in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the Pseudomonas Genome Database revealed that this mutation was present in only four P. aeruginosa genomes. Taken together, this study highlights that secondary metabolite profiling combined with genomic analysis can identify rare genetic traits of P. aeruginosa isolates.IMPORTANCESecondary metabolite profiling of five Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis sputum captured three traits present in <1%-5% of publicly available data, pointing to how our current library of P. aeruginosa strains may not represent the diversity within this species or the genetic variance that occurs in the CF lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Neve
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Emily Giedraitis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Madeline S. Akbari
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Shirli Cohen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Vanessa V. Phelan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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2
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Parmar D, Rosado-Rosa JM, Shrout JD, Sweedler JV. Metabolic insights from mass spectrometry imaging of biofilms: A perspective from model microorganisms. Methods 2024; 224:21-34. [PMID: 38295894 PMCID: PMC11149699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are dense aggregates of bacterial colonies embedded inside a self-produced polymeric matrix. Biofilms have received increasing attention in medical, industrial, and environmental settings due to their enhanced survival. Their characterization using microscopy techniques has revealed the presence of structural and cellular heterogeneity in many bacterial systems. However, these techniques provide limited chemical detail and lack information about the molecules important for bacterial communication and virulence. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) bridges the gap by generating spatial chemical information with unmatched chemical detail, making it an irreplaceable analytical platform in the multi-modal imaging of biofilms. In the last two decades, over 30 species of biofilm-forming bacteria have been studied using MSI in different environments. The literature conveys both analytical advancements and an improved understanding of the effects of environmental variables such as host surface characteristics, antibiotics, and other species of microorganisms on biofilms. This review summarizes the insights from frequently studied model microorganisms. We share a detailed list of organism-wide metabolites, commonly observed mass spectral adducts, culture conditions, strains of bacteria, substrate, broad problem definition, and details of the MS instrumentation, such as ionization sources and matrix, to facilitate future studies. We also compared the spatial characteristics of the secretome under different study designs to highlight changes because of various environmental influences. In addition, we highlight the current limitations of MSI in relation to biofilm characterization to enable cross-comparison between experiments. Overall, MSI has emerged to become an important approach for the spatial/chemical characterization of bacterial biofilms and its use will continue to grow as MSI becomes more accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmeshkumar Parmar
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joenisse M Rosado-Rosa
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joshua D Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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3
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Kayongo A, Robertson NM, Siddharthan T, Ntayi ML, Ndawula JC, Sande OJ, Bagaya BS, Kirenga B, Mayanja-Kizza H, Joloba ML, Forslund SK. Airway microbiome-immune crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1085551. [PMID: 36741369 PMCID: PMC9890194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significantly contributed to global mortality, with three million deaths reported annually. This impact is expected to increase over the next 40 years, with approximately 5 million people predicted to succumb to COPD-related deaths annually. Immune mechanisms driving disease progression have not been fully elucidated. Airway microbiota have been implicated. However, it is still unclear how changes in the airway microbiome drive persistent immune activation and consequent lung damage. Mechanisms mediating microbiome-immune crosstalk in the airways remain unclear. In this review, we examine how dysbiosis mediates airway inflammation in COPD. We give a detailed account of how airway commensal bacteria interact with the mucosal innate and adaptive immune system to regulate immune responses in healthy or diseased airways. Immune-phenotyping airway microbiota could advance COPD immunotherapeutics and identify key open questions that future research must address to further such translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kayongo
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | | | - Trishul Siddharthan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Moses Levi Ntayi
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Josephine Caren Ndawula
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Obondo J. Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard S. Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bruce Kirenga
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses L. Joloba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sofia K. Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany,Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany,*Correspondence: Sofia K. Forslund,
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4
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Maki KA, Ganesan SM, Meeks B, Farmer N, Kazmi N, Barb JJ, Joseph PV, Wallen GR. The role of the oral microbiome in smoking-related cardiovascular risk: a review of the literature exploring mechanisms and pathways. J Transl Med 2022; 20:584. [PMID: 36503487 PMCID: PMC9743777 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03785-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Oral health is associated with smoking and cardiovascular outcomes, but there are gaps in knowledge of many mechanisms connecting smoking to cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the aim of this review is to synthesize literature on smoking and the oral microbiome, and smoking and cardiovascular risk/disease, respectively. A secondary aim is to identify common associations between the oral microbiome and cardiovascular risk/disease to smoking, respectively, to identify potential shared oral microbiome-associated mechanisms. We identified several oral bacteria across varying studies that were associated with smoking. Atopobium, Gemella, Megasphaera, Mycoplasma, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Rothia, Treponema, and Veillonella were increased, while Bergeyella, Haemophilus, Lautropia, and Neisseria were decreased in the oral microbiome of smokers versus non-smokers. Several bacteria that were increased in the oral microbiome of smokers were also positively associated with cardiovascular outcomes including Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Treponema, and Veillonella. We review possible mechanisms that may link the oral microbiome to smoking and cardiovascular risk including inflammation, modulation of amino acids and lipids, and nitric oxide modulation. Our hope is this review will inform future research targeting the microbiome and smoking-related cardiovascular disease so possible microbial targets for cardiovascular risk reduction can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A. Maki
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Sukirth M. Ganesan
- grid.214572.70000 0004 1936 8294Department of Periodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, 801 Newton Rd., Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Brianna Meeks
- grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264University of Maryland, School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Nicole Farmer
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Narjis Kazmi
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Jennifer J. Barb
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Paule V. Joseph
- grid.420085.b0000 0004 0481 4802National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA ,grid.280738.60000 0001 0035 9863National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Gwenyth R. Wallen
- grid.410305.30000 0001 2194 5650Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
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5
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Agrawal S, Monteiro C, Baca CF, Mohammadi R, Subramanian V, de Melo Bento CA, Agrawal A. Metabolites and growth factors produced by airway epithelial cells induce tolerance in macrophages. Life Sci 2022; 302:120659. [PMID: 35623392 PMCID: PMC10081865 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play a role in preventing inflammation in the respiratory tract. To investigate the mechanisms that lead to tolerance in macrophages, we examined the crosstalk between airway epithelial cells (AECs) and macrophages using a 2D coculture model. Culture of macrophages with AECs led to a significant inhibition of LPS induced pro-inflammatory responses. More importantly, AECs induced the secretion of TGF-β and IL-10 from macrophages even in the absence of LPS stimulation. In addition, the expression of inhibitory molecule, CD200R was also upregulated on AEC exposed macrophages. Furthermore, the AECs exposed macrophages induced significantly increased level of T regulatory cells. Investigation into the possible mechanisms indicated that a combination of growth factor, G-CSF, and metabolites, Kynurenine and lactic acid produced by AECs is responsible for inducing tolerance in macrophages. Interestingly, all these molecules had differential effect on macrophages with G-CSF inducing TGF-β, Kynurenine elevating IL-10, and lactic acid upregulating CD200R. Furthermore, a cocktail of these factors/metabolites induced similar changes in macrophages as AEC exposure. Altogether, these data identify factors secreted by AECs that enhance tolerance in the respiratory tract. These mediators thus have the potential to be used for therapeutic purposes to modulate respiratory inflammation following local viral infections and lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, CA, USA 92617
| | - Clarice Monteiro
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, CA, USA 92617; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rezaa Mohammadi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Irvine, CA 92617, USA; Sue and Bill Stem Cell Center, University of California Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Veedamali Subramanian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Cleonice Alves de Melo Bento
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, CA, USA 92617.
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6
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Moyne O, Castelli F, Bicout DJ, Boccard J, Camara B, Cournoyer B, Faudry E, Terrier S, Hannani D, Huot-Marchand S, Léger C, Maurin M, Ngo TD, Plazy C, Quinn RA, Attree I, Fenaille F, Toussaint B, Le Gouëllec A. Metabotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Correlate with Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence and Clinical Outcome in Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Infections. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11020063. [PMID: 33494144 PMCID: PMC7909822 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.a) is one of the most critical antibiotic resistant bacteria in the world and is the most prevalent pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF), causing chronic lung infections that are considered one of the major causes of mortality in CF patients. Although several studies have contributed to understanding P.a within-host adaptive evolution at a genomic level, it is still difficult to establish direct relationships between the observed mutations, expression of clinically relevant phenotypes, and clinical outcomes. Here, we performed a comparative untargeted LC/HRMS-based metabolomics analysis of sequential isolates from chronically infected CF patients to obtain a functional view of P.a adaptation. Metabolic profiles were integrated with expression of bacterial phenotypes and clinical measurements following multiscale analysis methods. Our results highlighted significant associations between P.a “metabotypes”, expression of antibiotic resistance and virulence phenotypes, and frequency of clinical exacerbations, thus identifying promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for difficult-to-treat P.a infections
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriane Moyne
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Florence Castelli
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), University Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France; (F.C.); (S.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Dominique J. Bicout
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
- Biomathematics and Epidemiology EPSP-TIMC, Veterinary Campus of Lyon, VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy l’Etoile, France
- Laue-Langevin Institute, Theory Group, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Boccard
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Boubou Camara
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Service Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumologie, Centre de Compétence de la Mucoviscidose, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Benoit Cournoyer
- Department of Veterinary and biological sciences, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University Lyon 1, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS 5557, INRA 1418, 69280 Marcy L’Etoile, France;
| | - Eric Faudry
- CEA, INSERM, CNRS, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses, University Grenoble Alpes, UMR 1036/ERL 5261, 17 avenue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; (E.F.); (T.-D.N.); (I.A.)
| | - Samuel Terrier
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), University Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France; (F.C.); (S.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Dalil Hannani
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Sarah Huot-Marchand
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Claire Léger
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Max Maurin
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Tuan-Dung Ngo
- CEA, INSERM, CNRS, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses, University Grenoble Alpes, UMR 1036/ERL 5261, 17 avenue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; (E.F.); (T.-D.N.); (I.A.)
| | - Caroline Plazy
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Robert A. Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Ina Attree
- CEA, INSERM, CNRS, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses, University Grenoble Alpes, UMR 1036/ERL 5261, 17 avenue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; (E.F.); (T.-D.N.); (I.A.)
| | - François Fenaille
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), University Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, MetaboHUB, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France; (F.C.); (S.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Bertrand Toussaint
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
| | - Audrey Le Gouëllec
- Département de Biochimie, Faculté de médecine de Grenoble, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble INP*, TIMC-IMAG, 38000 Grenoble, France; (O.M.); (D.J.B.); (D.H.); (S.H.-M.); (C.L.); (M.M.); (C.P.); (B.T.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Engevik MA, Ruan W, Esparza M, Fultz R, Shi Z, Engevik KA, Engevik AC, Ihekweazu FD, Visuthranukul C, Venable S, Schady DA, Versalovic J. Immunomodulation of dendritic cells by Lactobacillus reuteri surface components and metabolites. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14719. [PMID: 33463911 PMCID: PMC7814497 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactic acid bacteria are commensal members of the gut microbiota and are postulated to promote host health. Secreted factors and cell surface components from Lactobacillus species have been shown to modulate the host immune system. However, the precise role of L. reuteri secreted factors and surface proteins in influencing dendritic cells (DCs) remains uncharacterized. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesize that L. reuteri secreted factors will promote DC maturation, skewing cells toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. In acute colitis, we speculate that L. reuteri promotes IL-10 and dampens pro-inflammatory cytokine production, thereby improving colitis. METHODS & RESULTS Mouse bone marrow-derived DCs were differentiated into immature dendritic cells (iDCs) via IL-4 and GM-CSF stimulation. iDCs exposed to L. reuteri secreted factors or UV-irradiated bacteria exhibited greater expression of DC maturation markers CD83 and CD86 by flow cytometry. Additionally, L. reuteri stimulated DCs exhibited phenotypic maturation as denoted by cytokine production, including anti-inflammatory IL-10. Using mouse colonic organoids, we found that the microinjection of L. reuteri secreted metabolites and UV-irradiated bacteria was able to promote IL-10 production by DCs, indicating potential epithelial-immune cross-talk. In a TNBS-model of acute colitis, L. reuteri administration significantly improved histological scoring, colonic cytokine mRNA, serum cytokines, and bolstered IL-10 production. CONCLUSIONS Overall these data demonstrate that both L. reuteri secreted factors and its bacterial components are able to promote DC maturation. This work points to the specific role of L. reuteri in modulating intestinal DCs. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Lactobacillus reuteri colonizes the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and exerts beneficial effects on host health. However, the mechanisms behind these effects have not been fully explored. In this article, we identified that L. reuteri ATTC PTA 6475 metabolites and surface components promote dendritic cell maturation and IL-10 production. In acute colitis, we also demonstrate that L. reuteri can promote IL-10 and suppress inflammation. These findings may represent a crucial mechanism for maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda A Engevik
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenly Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Magdalena Esparza
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Fultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Shi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristen A Engevik
- Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy C Engevik
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Faith D Ihekweazu
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chonnikant Visuthranukul
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Susan Venable
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah A Schady
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Versalovic
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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8
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Chen R, Wang L, Koch T, Curtis V, Yin-DeClue H, Handley SA, Shan L, Holtzman MJ, Castro M, Wang L. Sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 125:652-657.e3. [PMID: 32931909 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences exist in asthma susceptibility and severity. Accumulating evidence has linked airway microbiome dysbiosis to asthma, and airway microbial communities have been found to differ by sex. However, whether sex modifies the link between airway microbiome and asthma has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate sex effects in the association between airway microbiome and asthma. METHODS We analyzed induced sputum samples from 47 subjects (n = 23 patients with asthma and n = 24 normal controls) using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing methods. The bacterial composition was analyzed for sex differences. Bacterial associations with asthma were assessed for each sex at the core taxa and genus levels. RESULTS The microbiome in induced sputum differed in women vs men at the community level. A total of 5 core bacterial taxa were found in all samples. No sex-specific core taxa were detected. The most abundant core taxon, Streptococcus salivarius, was significantly enriched in women than in men (P = .02). Within each sex, individuals with relatively lower abundance of S salivarius were more likely to have asthma (P = .006). For both sexes, increased Lactobacillus species were found in sputum samples of patients with patients compared with normal controls (adjusted P = .01). Haemophilus species were associated with asthma in men and not in women. CONCLUSION The airway microbiome differed by sex, and sex effects exist in the association of airway microbial markers and asthma. Future airway microbiome studies may yield better resolution if the context of specific sex is considered. The airway microbiome is a potential mechanism driving sex differences in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjin Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Leran Wang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Tammy Koch
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vanessa Curtis
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Huiqing Yin-DeClue
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Scott A Handley
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Liang Shan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mario Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Leyao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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9
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Lira-Lucio JA, Falfán-Valencia R, Ramírez-Venegas A, Buendía-Roldán I, Rojas-Serrano J, Mejía M, Pérez-Rubio G. Lung Microbiome Participation in Local Immune Response Regulation in Respiratory Diseases. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1059. [PMID: 32708647 PMCID: PMC7409050 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung microbiome composition has critical implications in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Next-generation sequencing techniques have revolutionized the understanding of pulmonary physiology and pathology. Currently, it is clear that the lung is not a sterile place; therefore, the investigation of the participation of the pulmonary microbiome in the presentation, severity, and prognosis of multiple pathologies, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial lung diseases, contributes to a better understanding of the pathophysiology. Dysregulation of microbiota components in the microbiome-host interaction is associated with multiple lung pathologies, severity, and prognosis, making microbiome study a useful tool for the identification of potential therapeutic strategies. This review integrates the findings regarding the activation and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune response pathways according to the microbiome, including microbial patterns that could be characteristic of certain diseases. Further studies are required to verify whether the microbial profile and its metabolites can be used as biomarkers of disease progression or poor prognosis and to identify new therapeutic targets that restore lung dysbiosis safely and effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Alberto Lira-Lucio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.A.L.-L.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.A.L.-L.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas
- Tobacco Smoking and COPD Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ivette Buendía-Roldán
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Rojas-Serrano
- Interstitial Lung Disease and Rheumatology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.R.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mayra Mejía
- Interstitial Lung Disease and Rheumatology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.R.-S.); (M.M.)
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (J.A.L.-L.); (R.F.-V.)
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10
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Walkenhorst MS, Reyes L, Perez G, Progulske-Fox A, Brown MB, Phillips PL. A Uniquely Altered Oral Microbiome Composition Was Observed in Pregnant Rats With Porphyromonas gingivalis Induced Periodontal Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:92. [PMID: 32211345 PMCID: PMC7069352 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is an anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the oral cavity and associated with the development of periodontal disease. P. gingivalis has also been linked to several systemic vascular and inflammatory diseases including poor pregnancy outcomes. Little is known about the changes in the oral flora during pregnancy in connection to P. gingivalis infection. This pilot study aims to explore changes in the oral microbiome due to P. gingivalis inoculation and pregnancy in an in vivo rat model of periodontal disease. A metagenomic sequencing analysis targeting seven of the 16S rRNA gene variable regions was performed for oral samples collected at the following time points: baseline control (week 0), P. gingivalis inoculated (week 11), P. gingivalis inoculated and pregnant rat at necropsy (week 16). A second set of animals were also sampled to generate a sham-inoculated (week 11) control group. We found that the rat oral microbiome profiles were more similar to that of the human oral cavity compared to previous reports targeting one or two 16S variable regions. Overall, there appears to be a relatively stable core microbiome in the oral cavity. As expected, P. gingivalis induced periodontal disease resulted in oral microbiome dysbiosis. During pregnancy, some aspects of the oral microbiome shifted toward a more baseline-like profile. However, population analyses in terms of dissimilarity measures and especially metagenomic based predictions of select characteristics such as cell morphology, oxygen requirement, and major metabolite synthesis showed that pregnancy did not restore the composition of the oral microbiome. Rather, a uniquely altered oral microbiome composition was observed in pregnant rats with pre-established periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly S Walkenhorst
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO, United States
| | - Leticia Reyes
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Gonzalo Perez
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ann Progulske-Fox
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mary B Brown
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Priscilla L Phillips
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO, United States
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11
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Thomas AM, Dong Y, Beskid NM, García AJ, Adams AB, Babensee JE. Brief exposure to hyperglycemia activates dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5120-5129. [PMID: 31674663 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells are key players in regulating immunity. These cells both activate and inhibit the immune response depending on their cellular environment. Their response to hyperglycemia, a condition common amongst diabetics wherein glucose is abnormally elevated, remains to be elucidated. In this study, the phenotype and immune response of dendritic cells exposed to hyperglycemia were characterized in vitro and in vivo using the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. Dendritic cells were shown to be sensitive to hyperglycemia both during and after differentiation from bone marrow precursor cells. Dendritic cell behavior under hyperglycemic conditions was found to vary by phenotype, among which, tolerogenic dendritic cells were particularly sensitive. Expression of the costimulatory molecule CD86 was found to reliably increase when dendritic cells were exposed to hyperglycemia. Additionally, hydrogel-based delivery of the anti-inflammatory molecule interleukin-10 was shown to partially inhibit these effects in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline M Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nicholas M Beskid
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrés J García
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andrew B Adams
- Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Julia E Babensee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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12
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Dhakal S, Wang L, Antony L, Rank J, Bernardo P, Ghimire S, Bondra K, Siems C, Lakshmanappa YS, Renu S, Hogshead B, Krakowka S, Kauffman M, Scaria J, LeJeune JT, Yu Z, Renukaradhya GJ. Amish (Rural) vs. non-Amish (Urban) Infant Fecal Microbiotas Are Highly Diverse and Their Transplantation Lead to Differences in Mucosal Immune Maturation in a Humanized Germfree Piglet Model. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1509. [PMID: 31379808 PMCID: PMC6648804 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an important role in the immune system development, maintenance of normal health status, and in disease progression. In this study, we comparatively examined the fecal microbiomes of Amish (rural) and non-Amish (urban) infants and investigated how they could affect the mucosal immune maturation in germ-free piglets that were inoculated with the two types of infant fecal microbiota (IFM). Differences in microbiome diversity and structure were noted between the two types of fecal microbiotas. The fecal microbiota of the non-Amish (urban) infants had a greater relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla, while that of the Amish (rural) counterparts was dominated by Firmicutes. Amish infants had greater species richness compared with the non-Amish infants' microbiota. The fecal microbiotas of the Amish and the non-Amish infants were successfully transplanted into germ-free piglets, and the diversity and structure of the microbiota in the transplanted piglets remained similar at phylum level but not at the genus level. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) based on Weighted-UniFrac distance revealed distinct microbiota structure in the intestines of the transplanted piglets. Shotgun metagenomic analysis also revealed clear differences in functional diversity of fecal microbiome between Amish and non-Amish donors as well as microbiota transplanted piglets. Specific functional features were enriched in either of the microbiota transplanted piglet groups directly corresponding to the predominance of certain bacterial populations in their gut environment. Some of the colonized bacterial genera were correlated with the frequency of important lymphoid and myeloid immune cells in the ileal submucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), both important for mucosal immune maturation. Overall, this study demonstrated that transplantation of diverse IFM into germ-free piglets largely recapitulates the differences in gut microbiota structure between rural (Amish) and urban (non-Amish) infants. Thus, fecal microbiota transplantation to germ-free piglets could be a useful large animal model system for elucidating the impact of gut microbiota on the mucosal immune system development. Future studies can focus on determining the additional advantages of the pig model over the rodent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Dhakal
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Linto Antony
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Jennifer Rank
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Pauline Bernardo
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shristi Ghimire
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kathy Bondra
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Christina Siems
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Yashavanth Shaan Lakshmanappa
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sankar Renu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Bradley Hogshead
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Steven Krakowka
- The Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mike Kauffman
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joy Scaria
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Jeffrey T LeJeune
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zhongtang Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gourapura J Renukaradhya
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States.,Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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13
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Agrawal A. Dendritic Cell-Airway Epithelial Cell Cross-Talk Changes with Age and Contributes to Chronic Lung Inflammatory Diseases in the Elderly. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061206. [PMID: 28587289 PMCID: PMC5486029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated dysregulated immune and inflammatory responses are one of the major factors responsible for the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases in the older population. Pulmonary dendritic cells (DCs) are present below the airway epithelial cells (AECs) and are critical in initiating effective immune responses to harmful pathogens while maintaining tolerance against harmless antigens. The interaction between DCs and AECs plays a crucial role in lung immunity at homeostasis and during infections. The functions of both DCs and AECs are impacted with age. The present report reviews how the potential crosstalk between pulmonary DCs and AECs is dysregulated in the elderly impairing the capacity to maintain tolerance at the respiratory surfaces, which results in severe and chronic respiratory inflammatory diseases. We also discuss how such DC-AECs crosstalk will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility of the elderly to pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Agrawal
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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