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Chan KI, Zhang S, Li G, Xu Y, Cui L, Wang Y, Su H, Tan W, Zhong Z. MYC Oncogene: A Druggable Target for Treating Cancers with Natural Products. Aging Dis 2024; 15:640-697. [PMID: 37450923 PMCID: PMC10917530 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various diseases, including cancers, age-associated disorders, and acute liver failure, have been linked to the oncogene, MYC. Animal testing and clinical trials have shown that sustained tumor volume reduction can be achieved when MYC is inactivated, and different combinations of therapeutic agents including MYC inhibitors are currently being developed. In this review, we first provide a summary of the multiple biological functions of the MYC oncoprotein in cancer treatment, highlighting that the equilibrium points of the MYC/MAX, MIZ1/MYC/MAX, and MAD (MNT)/MAX complexes have further potential in cancer treatment that could be used to restrain MYC oncogene expression and its functions in tumorigenesis. We also discuss the multifunctional capacity of MYC in various cellular cancer processes, including its influences on immune response, metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, metastasis, angiogenesis, multidrug resistance, and intestinal flora. Moreover, we summarize the MYC therapy patent landscape and emphasize the potential of MYC as a druggable target, using herbal medicine modulators. Finally, we describe pending challenges and future perspectives in biomedical research, involving the development of therapeutic approaches to modulate MYC or its targeted genes. Patients with cancers driven by MYC signaling may benefit from therapies targeting these pathways, which could delay cancerous growth and recover antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Iong Chan
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yida Xu
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Huanxing Su
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
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2
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Chen Q, Chen J, Lu Z, Nian R, Li W, Yao Z, Mou S, Liu Y, Cao X, He W, Zhu C. The prognostic value of LAYN in HPV-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its influence on immune cell infiltration. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:57. [PMID: 38430385 PMCID: PMC10908921 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) exhibits different characteristics from HPV-negative tumors in terms of tumor development, clinical features, treatment response, and prognosis. Layilin (LAYN), which contains homology with C-type lectins, plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of LAYN and the relationship between LAYN and immune infiltration levels in HPV-related HNSCC patients still require a comprehensive understanding. Herein, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of LAYN and to investigate its underlying immunological function in HPV-related HNSCC. METHODS Through various bioinformatics methods, we analyzed the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases to explore the potential underlying oncogenic impression of LAYN, including the relevance of LAYN to survival outcomes, clinicopathological factors, immune cell infiltration, and immune marker sets in HPV-related HNSCC. The expression levels of LAYN and HPV were also verified in HNSCC patient tissues. RESULTS LAYN was differentially expressed in a variety of tumors. The expression of LAYN in HNSCC was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.0001), and high expression of LAYN was correlated with poor overall survival (OS) in HNSCC patients (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.3, P = 0.035). Moreover, LAYN expression level in HPV-positive HNSCC patients was significantly lower than that in HPV-negative patients, with HPV-positive HNSCC patients displaying a trend of favorable prognosis. In addition, the relationship between LAYN expression and immune infiltration levels in HPV-positive HNSCC group was less tightly correlated than that in HPV-negative HNSCC group, and there was a strong relationship between LAYN expression and markers of M2 macrophage (P < 0.001) and exhausted T cells (P < 0.05) in HPV-negative HNSCC. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis suggested that LAYN potentially influenced tumor progression through HPV infection and other cancer-related pathways. CONCLUSIONS LAYN might contribute to tumorigenesis via its positive correlation with immune checkpoint molecules and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Our study might provide a novel prognostic biomarker and latent therapeutic target for the treatment of HPV-related HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Oncology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Jiankang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Zuzhuang Lu
- Department of Oncology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Rui Nian
- Department of Pathology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wanjun Li
- Department of Pathology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongqiang Yao
- Department of Oncology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shangdong Mou
- Department of Oncology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oncology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Oncology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjing He
- Department of Oncology, Xianyang Center Hospital, Xi'an, 712000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chenjing Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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3
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Asadi M, Zarredar H, Zafari V, Soleimani Z, Saeedi H, Caner A, Shanehbandi D. Immune Features of Tumor Microenvironment: A Genetic Spotlight. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:107-118. [PMID: 37870699 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
A tumor represents a highly intricate tissue entity, characterized by an exceptionally complex microenvironment that starkly contrasts with the typical physiological surroundings of healthy tissues. Within this tumor microenvironment (TME), every component and factor assume paramount importance in the progression of malignancy and exerts a pivotal influence on a patient's clinical outcome. One of the remarkable aspects of the TME is its remarkable heterogeneity, not only across different types of cancers but even within the same histological category of tumors. In-depth research has illuminated the intricate interplay between specific immune cells and molecules and the dynamic characteristics of the TME. Recent investigations have yielded compelling evidence that several mutations harbored by tumor cells possess the capacity to instigate substantial alterations in the TME. These mutations, often acting as drivers of tumorigenesis, can orchestrate a cascade of events that remodel the TME, thereby influencing crucial aspects of cancer behavior, including its invasiveness, immune evasion, and response to therapies. It is within this nuanced context that the present study endeavors to provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of how specific mutations, within the genetic landscape of cancer cells, can instigate profound changes in TME features. By elucidating the intricate relationship between genetic mutations and the TME, this research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of cancer biology. Ultimately, the knowledge gained from this study holds the potential to inform the development of more targeted and effective treatments, thereby offering new hope to patients grappling with the complexities of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Asadi
- Department of Basic Oncology, Health Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Venus Zafari
- Department of Basic Oncology, Health Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zahra Soleimani
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Saeedi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayse Caner
- Department of Basic Oncology, Health Institute of Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
- The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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AbdulHussein AH, Al-Taee MM, Radih ZA, Aljuboory DS, Mohammed ZQ, Hashesh TS, Riadi Y, Hadrawi SK, Najafi M. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by triptolide. Biofactors 2023; 49:718-735. [PMID: 36876465 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a hot topic issue in cancer research and therapy. Although cancer therapy including radiotherapy and anti-cancer drugs can kill malignant cells within the tumor, cancer cells can develop a wide range of mechanisms to resist the toxic effects of anti-cancer agents. Cancer cells may provide some mechanisms to resist oxidative stress and escape from apoptosis and attack by the immune system. Furthermore, cancer cells may resist senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagic cell death by modulating several critical genes. The development of these mechanisms leads to resistance to anti-cancer drugs and also radiotherapy. Resistance to therapy can increase mortality and reduce survival following cancer therapy. Thus, overcoming mechanisms of resistance to cell death in malignant cells can facilitate tumor elimination and increase the efficiency of anti-cancer therapy. Natural-derived molecules are intriguing agents that may be suggested to be used as an adjuvant in combination with other anticancer drugs or radiotherapy to sensitize cancer cells to therapy with at least side effects. This paper aims to review the potential of triptolide for inducing various types of cell death in cancer cells. We review the induction or resistance to different cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis following the administration of triptolide. We also review the safety and future perspectives for triptolide and its derivatives in experimental and human studies. The anticancer potential of triptolide and its derivatives may make them effective adjuvants for enhancing tumor suppression in combination with anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salema K Hadrawi
- Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Technical Engineering Department, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Fang T, Yin X, Wang Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhao X, Lin X, Xue Y. Lymphocyte subset is more suitable than systemic inflammatory response biomarker and immunoglobulin in constructing prognostic nomogram model for advanced gastric cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14669. [PMID: 36994403 PMCID: PMC10040715 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The serum factors of inflammation are known to be useful prognostic indicators of gastric cancer (GC). However, few studies have made comparisons to screen out more suitable biomarkers for the construction of Nomogram models. In this study, 566 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were randomly selected. We evaluated the prognostic value of markers of systemic inflammation, including WBC, NLR, PLR, circulating total T cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells and CD19+B cells, serum IgA, IgM, IgE and IgG, and compared them with traditional tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4 and CA125). Kaplan‒Meier analysis was used to analyze the correlation between biomarkers and overall survival (OS). We used time-dependent ROC analysis to investigate the prognostic accuracy of each biomarker. The risk of death was evaluated by the Cox regression model, and the Nomogram model was constructed by R software. We found that circulating total T cells, CD8+T cells, CEA, and CA125 had statistical significance in predicting advanced GC prognosis. Circulating CD8+T cells and CA125 were continuously superior to circulating total T cells and CEA in the prediction of 5-year OS. Cox regression found that CA125, circulating CD8+T cells, sex, and lymph node metastasis rate were independent risk factors for advanced GC. Furthermore, we combined all these predictors to construct a nomogram, which can supplement the AJCC 8th system. According to the comparison with commonly used serum immune biomarkers, circulating CD8+T cells is more sensitive to advanced GC. The prediction function of the Nomogram will supplement the traditional AJCC system, which contributes to individual survival prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Fang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuan Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingwei Xue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China.
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6
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Fortes C, Mastroeni S, Zappalà AR, Passarelli F, Ricci F, Abeni D, Michelozzi P. Early inflammatory biomarkers and melanoma survival. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:752-758. [PMID: 36872079 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the role of inflammatory markers in predicting cutaneous melanoma survival. The aim of the study was to identify, if any, early inflammatory markers in the prognosis of all stages of primary cutaneous melanoma. METHODS We conducted a 10-year cohort study among 2,141 melanoma patients from the same geographic area (Lazio) with primary cutaneous melanoma diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2013. In situ cutaneous melanoma was excluded from the analysis (N = 288), leaving 1,853 cases of invasive cutaneous melanoma. The following hematological markers were obtained from clinical records: white blood cells count (WBC), count and percentages of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and large unstained cells (LUC). Survival probability was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods, and prognostic factors were evaluated by multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model). RESULTS In the multivariate analysis, high levels of NLR (>2.1 vs. ≤2.1, HR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.14-2.29, P = 0.007) and high levels of d-NLR (>1.5 vs. ≤1.5, HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.16-2.35, P = 0.005) were independently associated with an increased risk of 10-year melanoma mortality. However, when we stratified by Breslow thickness and clinical stage, we observed that NLR and d-NLR were good markers of prognosis only for patients with Breslow thickness of 2.0 mm and more (NLR, HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.04-2.50; d-NLR, HR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.09-2.62) or clinical stage II-IV (NLR, HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.01-2.37; d-NLR, HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11-2.66), independent of other prognostic factors. CONCLUSION We suggest that a combination of NLR and Breslow thickness may be a useful, cheap, and readily available prognostic marker for cutaneous melanoma survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Michelozzi
- Department of Epidemiology of the Regional Health Service, Rome, Italy
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7
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Bao X, Wang D, Dai X, Liu C, Zhang H, Jin Y, Tong Z, Li B, Tong C, Xin S, Li X, Wang Y, Liu L, Zhu X, Fu Q, Zheng Y, Deng J, Tian W, Guo T, Zhao P, Cheng W, Fang W. An immunometabolism subtyping system identifies S100A9+ macrophage as an immune therapeutic target in colorectal cancer based on multiomics analysis. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2023; 4:100987. [PMID: 36990096 PMCID: PMC10140461 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolism in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its influence on the immunotherapy response remain uncertain in colorectal cancer (CRC). We perform immunometabolism subtyping (IMS) on CRC patients in the training and validation cohorts. Three IMS subtypes of CRC, namely, C1, C2, and C3, are identified with distinct immune phenotypes and metabolic properties. The C3 subtype exhibits the poorest prognosis in both the training cohort and the in-house validation cohort. The single-cell transcriptome reveals that a S100A9+ macrophage population contributes to the immunosuppressive TME in C3. The dysfunctional immunotherapy response in the C3 subtype can be reversed by combination treatment with PD-1 blockade and an S100A9 inhibitor tasquinimod. Taken together, we develop an IMS system and identify an immune tolerant C3 subtype that exhibits the poorest prognosis. A multiomics-guided combination strategy by PD-1 blockade and tasquinimod improves responses to immunotherapy by depleting S100A9+ macrophages in vivo.
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8
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Emerging Trends in Nano-Driven Immunotherapy for Treatment of Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020458. [PMID: 36851335 PMCID: PMC9968063 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in the development of anticancer medications and therapies, cancer still has the greatest fatality rate due to a dismal prognosis. Traditional cancer therapies include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. The conventional treatments have a number of shortcomings, such as a lack of selectivity, non-specific cytotoxicity, suboptimal drug delivery to tumour locations, and multi-drug resistance, which results in a less potent/ineffective therapeutic outcome. Cancer immunotherapy is an emerging and promising strategy to elicit a pronounced immune response against cancer. Immunotherapy stimulates the immune system with cancer-specific antigens or immune checkpoint inhibitors to overcome the immune suppressive tumour microenvironment and kill the cancer cells. However, delivery of the antigen or immune checkpoint inhibitors and activation of the immune response need to circumvent the issues pertaining to short lifetimes and effect times, as well as adverse effects associated with off-targeting, suboptimal, or hyperactivation of the immune system. Additional challenges posed by the tumour suppressive microenvironment are less tumour immunogenicity and the inhibition of effector T cells. The evolution of nanotechnology in recent years has paved the way for improving treatment efficacy by facilitating site-specific and sustained delivery of the therapeutic moiety to elicit a robust immune response. The amenability of nanoparticles towards surface functionalization and tuneable physicochemical properties, size, shape, and surfaces charge have been successfully harnessed for immunotherapy, as well as combination therapy, against cancer. In this review, we have summarized the recent advancements made in choosing different nanomaterial combinations and their modifications made to enable their interaction with different molecular and cellular targets for efficient immunotherapy. This review also highlights recent trends in immunotherapy strategies to be used independently, as well as in combination, for the destruction of cancer cells, as well as prevent metastasis and recurrence.
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Chen CH, Weng TH, Huang HH, Huang LY, Huang KY, Chen PR, Yeh KY, Huang CT, Chien YT, Chuang PY, Lin YL, Tsai NM, Liu SJ, Su YC, Weng SL, Liao KW. A flexible liposomal polymer complex as a platform of specific and regulable immune regulation for individual cancer immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:29. [PMID: 36691089 PMCID: PMC9869520 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The applicability and therapeutic efficacy of specific personalized immunotherapy for cancer patients is limited by the genetic diversity of the host or the tumor. Side-effects such as immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) derived from the administration of immunotherapy have also been observed. Therefore, regulatory immunotherapy is required for cancer patients and should be developed. METHODS The cationic lipo-PEG-PEI complex (LPPC) can stably and irreplaceably adsorb various proteins on its surface without covalent linkage, and the bound proteins maintain their original functions. In this study, LPPC was developed as an immunoregulatory platform for personalized immunotherapy for tumors to address the barriers related to the heterogenetic characteristics of MHC molecules or tumor associated antigens (TAAs) in the patient population. Here, the immune-suppressive and highly metastatic melanoma, B16F10 cells were used to examine the effects of this platform. Adsorption of anti-CD3 antibodies, HLA-A2/peptide, or dendritic cells' membrane proteins (MP) could flexibly provide pan-T-cell responses, specific Th1 responses, or specific Th1 and Th2 responses, depending on the host needs. Furthermore, with regulatory antibodies, the immuno-LPPC complex properly mediated immune responses by adsorbing positive or negative antibodies, such as anti-CD28 or anti-CTLA4 antibodies. RESULTS The results clearly showed that treatment with LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes activated specific Th1 and Th2 responses, including cytokine release, CTL and prevented T-cell apoptosis. Moreover, LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes could eliminate metastatic B16F10 melanoma cells in the lung more efficiently than LPPC/MP. Interestingly, the melanoma resistance of mice treated with LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes would be reversed to susceptible after administration with LPPC/MP/CTLA4 complexes. NGS data revealed that LPPC/MP/CD28 complexes could enhance the gene expression of cytokine and chemokine pathways to strengthen immune activation than LPPC/MP, and that LPPC/MP/CTLA4 could abolish the LPPC/MP complex-mediated gene expression back to un-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we proved a convenient and flexible immunotherapy platform for developing personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Chen
- grid.413593.90000 0004 0573 007XDepartment of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 30071 Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Han Weng
- grid.413593.90000 0004 0573 007XDepartment of Dermatology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, 10449 Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hsuan Huang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Industrial Development Graduate Program of College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ya Huang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yao Huang
- grid.413593.90000 0004 0573 007XDepartment of Medical Research, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 30071 Taiwan ,grid.452449.a0000 0004 1762 5613Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, 25245 New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Rong Chen
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yu Yeh
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ting Huang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30068 Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chien
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30068 Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ya Chuang
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Lin
- grid.28665.3f0000 0001 2287 1366Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- grid.411641.70000 0004 0532 2041Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201 Taiwan ,grid.411645.30000 0004 0638 9256Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201 Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- grid.59784.370000000406229172National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, 350401 Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Su
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30068 Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- grid.452449.a0000 0004 1762 5613Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, 25245 New Taipei City, Taiwan ,grid.413593.90000 0004 0573 007XDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 30071 Taiwan ,grid.507991.30000 0004 0639 3191MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei City, 11260 Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Wen Liao
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan ,grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 30068 Hsinchu City, Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University School of Dentistry, Kaohsiung City, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.64523.360000 0004 0532 3255Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, 70101 Taiwan ,grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30068 Taiwan
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Fallone L, Lalle G, Pereira-Abrantes M, Sible E, Michallet MC, Vuong BQ, Hasan UA. Shedding Light on Immunological Research in Lyon, France. IRCI2022 Brings the Scientific World to Lyon and Bridges the Latest Immunological Findings in Cancer and Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2251-2259. [PMID: 36469848 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Fallone
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieur, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Guilhem Lalle
- Le Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052-CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; and
| | - Manuela Pereira-Abrantes
- Le Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052-CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; and
| | - Emily Sible
- Biology Ph.D. Program, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Marie-Cécile Michallet
- Le Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1052-CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; and
| | - Bao Q Vuong
- Biology Ph.D. Program, The Graduate Center and The City College of New York, The City University of New York, New York, NY
| | - Uzma Ayesha Hasan
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, Ecole Normale Supérieur, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Lyon, France
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11
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Effect of Opioids on Survival in Patients with Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225720. [PMID: 36428812 PMCID: PMC9688536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are commonly used for pain management in patients with cancer. They have a range of unwanted effects, including some that potentially influence cancer growth. This article reviews the data assessing the effects of opioids on survival in patients with cancer. Many studies assessing this show an association between opioids and decreased survival. This effect is present even at very low doses of opioids. These studies do not assess causality, so it is not known if it is a direct effect of opioids on survival. As the control groups are not matched to the opioid group it might be that opioids are being used to control pain and patients receiving opioids have more aggressive cancers and it is the underlying cancer which is causing the decreased survival. Furthermore, although some studies allude to different opioids having different effects on survival, often all opioids are pooled in analysis. Future work needs to try to ascertain causality and differentiate between different opioids, pain, and cancer-mediated effects on survival in specific cancer types. Until then, opioids should continue to be used in patients with cancer as part of measures to optimise comfort and quality of life.
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12
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Interaction of Radiotherapy and Hyperthermia with the Immune System: a Brief Current Overview. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-022-00215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review focuses on the opposing effects on the immune system of radiotherapy (RT) and the consequences for combined cancer treatment strategies of RT with immunotherapies, including hyperthermia (HT). How RT and HT might affect cancer stem cell populations is also briefly outlined in this context.
Recent Findings
RT is one of the crucial standard cancer therapies. Most patients with solid tumors receive RT for curative and palliative purposes in the course of their disease. RT achieves a local tumor control by inducing DNA damage which can lead to tumor cell death. In recent years, it has become evident that RT does not only have local effects, but also systemic effects which involves induction of anti-tumor immunity and possible alteration of the immunosuppressive properties of the tumor microenvironment. Though, often RT alone is not able to induce potent anti-tumor immune responses since the effects of RT on the immune system can be both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive.
Summary
RT with additional therapies such as HT and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are promising approaches to induce anti-tumor immunity effectively. HT is not only a potent sensitizer for RT, but it might also improve the efficacy of RT and certain chemotherapeutic agents (CT) by additionally sensitizing resistant cancer stem cells (CSCs).
Graphical abstract
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13
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Huang Q, Wu M, Wu X, Zhang Y, Xia Y. Muscle-to-tumor crosstalk: The effect of exercise-induced myokine on cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188761. [PMID: 35850277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise has gradually become a focus in cancer treatment due to its pronounced role in reducing cancer risk, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and improving prognosis. In recent decades, skeletal muscles have been considered endocrine organs, exerting their biological functions via the endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine systems by secreting various types of myokines. The amount of myokines secreted varies depending on the intensity, type, and duration of exercise. Recent studies have shown that muscle-derived myokines are highly involved the effects of exercise on cancer. Multiple myokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), oncostatin M (OSM), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), and irisin, directly mediate cancer progression by influencing the proliferation, apoptosis, stemness, drug resistance, metabolic reprogramming, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of cancer cells. In addition, IL-6, interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-15 (IL-15), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and irisin can improve obesity-induced inflammation by stimulating lipolysis of adipose tissues, promoting glucose uptake, and accelerating the browning of white fat. Furthermore, some myokines could regulate the tumor microenvironment, such as angiogenesis and the immune microenvironment. Cancer cachexia occurs in up to 80% of cancer patients and is responsible for 22%-30% of patient deaths. It is characterized by systemic inflammation and decreased muscle mass. Exercise-induced myokine production is important in regulating cancer cachexia. This review summarizes the roles and underlying mechanisms of myokines, such as IL-6, myostatin, IL-15, irisin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and musclin, in cancer cachexia. Through comprehensive analysis, we conclude that myokines are potential targets for inhibiting cancer progression and the associated cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrui Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengling Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuyi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province/Rehabilitation Medicine Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China.
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14
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Hu J, Li X, Yang L, Li H. Hypoxia, a key factor in the immune microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113068. [PMID: 35676780 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical and chemical pressures in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play an important role in tumor development by regulating stromal elements, including immune cells. Hypoxia can induce a cascade of events in tumor initiation and development via immune regulation. As a dangerous factor, hypoxia activates multiple signaling pathways to reshape the immune microenvironment, leading to immunosuppression. Consequently, targeting hypoxia in the TME is a potential strategy to prevent immune escape and inhibit malignant tumor progression. In this review, we summarized the role of hypoxia-induced factors in the tumor immune escape process and provide a novel pathway to restrain tumor progression and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
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15
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhang K. The Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns and Characterization Score in Bladder Cancer to Identify Prognosis. Front Genet 2022; 13:852708. [PMID: 35801082 PMCID: PMC9255635 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.852708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is among the most frequent types of cancer. Patients with BLCA have a significant recurrence rate and a poor post-surgery survival rate. Recent research has found a link between tumor immune cell infiltration (ICI) and the prognosis of BLCA patients. However, the ICI’s picture of BLCA remains unclear. Methods: Common gene expression data were obtained by combining the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) expression databases. Two computational algorithms were proposed to unravel the ICI landscape of BLCA patients. The R package “limma” was applied to find differentially expressed genes (DEGs). ICI patterns were defined by the unsupervised clustering method. Principal-component analysis (PCA) was used to calculate the ICI score. In addition, the combined ICI score and tumor burden mutation (TMB) were utilized to assess BLCA patients’ prognosis. The predictive value of ICI scores was verified by different clinical characteristics. Results: A total of 569 common gene expression data were retrieved from TCGA and GEO cohorts. CD8+ T cells were found to have a substantial positive connection with activated memory CD4+ T cells and immune score. On the contrary, CD8+ T cells were found to have a substantial negative connection with macrophages M0. Thirty-eight DEGs were selected. Two ICI patterns were defined by the unsupervised clustering method. Patients of BLCA were separated into two groups. The high ICI score group exhibited a better outcome than the low ICI score one (p < 0.001). Finally, the group with a high tumor mutation burden (TMB) as well as a high ICI score had the best outcome. (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Combining TMB and ICI scores resulted in a more accurate survival prediction, suggesting that ICI scores could be used as a prognostic marker for BLCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Bioengineering Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yunlong Wang,
| | - Jichuang Wang
- Henan Bioengineering Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Wang S, Wei J. Distinguishing the Pros and Cons of Metabolic Reprogramming in Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:1654-1662. [PMID: 35633046 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a class of cancer immunotherapies that rely on hijacking the host cell factory for replicative oncolysis and eliciting immune responses for tumor clearance. An increasing evidence suggests that the metabolic state of tumor cells and immune cells is a putative determinant of the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, how therapeutic intervention with OVs affects metabolic fluxes within the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains poorly understood. Herein, we review the complexities of metabolic reprogramming involving the effects of viruses and their consequences on tumor cells and immune cells. We highlight the inherent drawback of oncolytic virotherapy, namely that treatment with OVs inevitably further exacerbates the depletion of nutrients and the accumulation of metabolic wastes in the TME, leading to a metabolic barrier to antitumor immune responses. We also describe targeted metabolic strategies that can be used to unlock the therapeutic potential of OVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiwu Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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17
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Hu B, Yu M, Ma X, Sun J, Liu C, Wang C, Wu S, Fu PY, Yang Z, He Y, Zhu Y, Huang C, Yang X, Shi Y, Qiu S, Sun H, Zhu AX, Zhou J, Xu Y, Zhu D, Fan J. Interferon-a potentiates anti-PD-1 efficacy by remodeling glucose metabolism in the hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:1718-1741. [PMID: 35412588 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The overall response rate for anti-PD-1 therapy remains modest in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that a combination of interferon alpha (IFN-a) and anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy resulted in enhanced antitumor activity in unresectable HCC patients. In both immunocompetent orthotopic and spontaneous HCC models, IFN-a therapy synergized with anti-PD-1 and the combination treatment led to significant enrichment of cytotoxic CD27+ CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, IFN-a suppressed HIF1a signaling by inhibiting FosB transcription in HCC cells, resulting in reduced glucose consumption capacity and consequentially establishing the high-glucose microenvironment that fostered transcription of the T cell costimulatory molecule Cd27 via mTOR-FOXM1 signaling in infiltrating CD8+ T cells. Together, these data reveal that IFN-a reprograms glucose metabolism within HCC tumor microenvironment, thereby liberating T cell cytotoxic capacities and potentiating the PD-1 blockade-induced immune response. Our findings suggest that IFN-a and anti-PD-1 cotreatment is an effective novel combination strategy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Mincheng Yu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, shanghai, shanghai, China
| | - Jialei Sun
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Suiyi Wu
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Yao Fu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | - Cheng Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, .No State, China
| | - Xinrong Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhong Shan Hospital and Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, shanghai, China
| | - Yinghong Shi
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Andrew X Zhu
- Jiahui International Cancer Center, Jiahui International Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, shanghai, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Mast Cell–Tumor Interactions: Molecular Mechanisms of Recruitment, Intratumoral Communication and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Tumor Growth. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030349. [PMID: 35159157 PMCID: PMC8834237 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are tissue-resident immune cells that are important players in diseases associated with chronic inflammation such as cancer. Since MCs can infiltrate solid tumors and promote or limit tumor growth, a possible polarization of MCs to pro-tumoral or anti-tumoral phenotypes has been proposed and remains as a challenging research field. Here, we review the recent evidence regarding the complex relationship between MCs and tumor cells. In particular, we consider: (1) the multifaceted role of MCs on tumor growth suggested by histological analysis of tumor biopsies and studies performed in MC-deficient animal models; (2) the signaling pathways triggered by tumor-derived chemotactic mediators and bioactive lipids that promote MC migration and modulate their function inside tumors; (3) the possible phenotypic changes on MCs triggered by prevalent conditions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as hypoxia; (4) the signaling pathways that specifically lead to the production of angiogenic factors, mainly VEGF; and (5) the possible role of MCs on tumor fibrosis and metastasis. Finally, we discuss the novel literature on the molecular mechanisms potentially related to phenotypic changes that MCs undergo into the TME and some therapeutic strategies targeting MC activation to limit tumor growth.
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19
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Wang T, Zhang Y, Taaffe DR, Kim JS, Luo H, Yang L, Fairman CM, Qiao Y, Newton RU, Galvão DA. Protective effects of physical activity in colon cancer and underlying mechanisms: A review of epidemiological and biological evidence. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 170:103578. [PMID: 35007701 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies indicate that physical activity has a protective effect against colon cancer development and progression. Further, the relevant biological mechanisms where physical activity or exercise may improve survival have also been initially examined. In this review, we provide an overview of the epidemiological evidence to date which comprises 16 cohort studies of the effects of physical activity on colon cancer outcomes including cancer recurrence, cancer-specific and overall survival. Moreover, we present four potential mechanisms involving shear pressure, systemic milieu alteration, extracellular vesicles, and immune function by which physical activity and exercise may favorably impact colon cancer. Research currently in progress will provide definitive evidence of survival benefits resulting from exercise and future work will help clarify the role of targeted exercise and the relevant mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China; Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ying Zhang
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Hao Luo
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Lirui Yang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ciaran M Fairman
- Exercise Science Department, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Yuandong Qiao
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
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20
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Cancer immunoediting hypothesis: history, clinical implications and controversies. Cent Eur J Immunol 2022; 47:168-174. [PMID: 36751395 PMCID: PMC9894085 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2022.117376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main function of the immune system is to protect against infectious pathogens and to ensure tissue homeostasis. The latter function includes preventing autoimmune reactions, tolerizing cells to nonpathogenic environmental microorganisms, and eliminating apoptotic/damaged, transformed, or neoplastic cells. The process of carcinogenesis and tumor development and the role of the immune system in inhibiting progression of cancer have been the subject of intense research since the end of the 20th century and resulted in formulation of the cancer immunoediting hypothesis. The hypothesis postulates three steps in oncogenesis: 1) elimination - corresponding to immunosurveillance, 2) equilibrium in which the growth of transformed or neoplastic cells is efficiently controlled by immune effector mechanisms, and 3) escape in which cancer progresses due to an ineffective antitumor response. In parallel, a new field of science - immune-oncology - has arisen. Attempts are also being made to quantify intra-tumoral and peritumoral T cell infiltrations and to define optimal immunological parameters for prognostic/predictive purposes in several types of cancer. The knowledge of relationships between the tumor and the immune system has been and is practically exploited therapeutically in the clinic to treat cancer. Immunotherapy is a standard or supplementary treatment in various types of cancer.
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21
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Tan W, Pan T, Wang S, Li P, Men Y, Tan R, Zhong Z, Wang Y. Immunometabolism modulation, a new trick of edible and medicinal plants in cancer treatment. Food Chem 2021; 376:131860. [PMID: 34971892 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The edible and medicinal plants (EMPs) are becoming an abundant source for cancer prevention and treatment since the natural and healthy trend for modern human beings. Currently, there are more than one hundred species of EMPs widely used and listed by the national health commission of China, and most of them indicate immune or metabolic regulation potential in cancer treatment with numerous studies over the past two decades. In the present review, we focused on the metabolic influence in immunocytes and tumor microenvironment, including immune response, immunosuppressive factors and cancer cells, discussing the immunometabolic potential of EMPs in cancer treatment. There are more than five hundred references collected and analyzed through retrieving pharmacological studies deposited in PubMed by medical subject headings and the corresponding names derived from pharmacopoeia of China as a sole criterion. Finally, the immunometabolism modulation of EMPs was sketch out implying an immunometabolic control in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yongfan Men
- Research Laboratory of Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Rui Tan
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
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22
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Kim JS, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Gray E, Taaffe DR. Exercise-induced myokines and their effect on prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2021; 18:519-542. [PMID: 34158658 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is recognized by clinicians in the field of clinical oncology for its potential role in reducing the risk of certain cancers and in reducing the risk of disease recurrence and progression; yet, the underlying mechanisms behind this reduction in risk are not fully understood. Studies applying post-exercise blood serum directly to various types of cancer cell lines provide insight that exercise might have a role in inhibiting cancer growth via altered soluble and cell-free blood contents. Myokines, which are cytokines produced by muscle and secreted into the bloodstream, might offer multiple benefits to cellular metabolism (such as a reduction in insulin resistance, improved glucose uptake and reduced adiposity), and blood myokine levels can be altered with exercise. Alterations in the levels of myokines such as IL-6, IL-15, IL-10, irisin, secreted protein acidic risk in cysteine (SPARC), myostatin, oncostatin M and decorin might exert a direct inhibitory effect on cancer growth via inhibiting proliferation, promoting apoptosis, inducing cell-cycle arrest and inhibiting the epithermal transition to mesenchymal cells. The association of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and hyperlipidaemia with obesity can create a tumour-favourable environment; exercise-induced myokines can manipulate this environment by regulating adipose tissue and adipocytes. Exercise-induced myokines also have a critical role in increasing cytotoxicity and the infiltration of immune cells into the tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Soo Kim
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia. .,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Elin Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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23
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Zeng T, Cui L, Huang W, Liu Y, Si C, Qian T, Deng C, Fu L. The establishment of a prognostic scoring model based on the new tumor immune microenvironment classification in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Med 2021; 19:176. [PMID: 34348737 PMCID: PMC8340489 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02047-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high degree of heterogeneity brought great challenges to the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although several different AML prognostic scoring models have been proposed to assess the prognosis of patients, the accuracy still needs to be improved. As important components of the tumor microenvironment, immune cells played important roles in the physiological functions of tumors and had certain research value. Therefore, whether the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) can be used to assess the prognosis of AML aroused our great interest. METHODS The patients' gene expression profile from 7 GEO databases was normalized after removing the batch effect. TIME cell components were explored through Xcell tools and then hierarchically clustered to establish TIME classification. Subsequently, a prognostic model was established by Lasso-Cox. Multiple GEO databases and the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset were employed to validate the prognostic performance of the model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and the concordance index (C-index) were utilized to assess the prognostic efficacy. RESULTS After analyzing the composition of TIME cells in AML, we found infiltration of ten types of cells with prognostic significance. Then using hierarchical clustering methods, we established a TIME classification system, which clustered all patients into three groups with distinct prognostic characteristics. Using the differential genes between the first and third groups in the TIME classification, we constructed a 121-gene prognostic model. The model successfully divided 1229 patients into the low and high groups which had obvious differences in prognosis. The high group with shorter overall survival had more patients older than 60 years and more poor-risk patients (both P< 0.001). Besides, the model can perform well in multiple datasets and could further stratify the cytogenetically normal AML patients and intermediate-risk AML population. Compared with the European Leukemia Net Risk Stratification System and other AML prognostic models, our model had the highest C-index and the largest AUC of the ROC curve, which demonstrated that our model had the best prognostic efficacy. CONCLUSION A prognostic model for AML based on the TIME classification was constructed in our study, which may provide a new strategy for precision treatment in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiansheng Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Longzhen Cui
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Chaozeng Si
- Information Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tingting Qian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Cong Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
- Translational Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
- Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
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24
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Chen JY, Zhou JK, Pan W. Immunometabolism: Towards a Better Understanding the Mechanism of Parasitic Infection and Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:661241. [PMID: 34122419 PMCID: PMC8191844 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As a relatively successful pathogen, several parasites can establish long-term infection in host. This “harmonious symbiosis” status relies on the “precise” manipulation of host immunity and metabolism, however, the underlying mechanism is still largely elusive. Immunometabolism is an emerging crossed subject in recent years. It mainly discusses the regulatory mechanism of metabolic changes on reprogramming the key transcriptional and post-transcriptional events related to immune cell activation and effect, which provides a novel insight for understanding how parasites regulate the infection and immunity in hosts. The present study reviewed the current research progress on metabolic reprogramming mechanism exploited by parasites to modulate the function in various immune cells, highlighting the future exploitation of key metabolites or metabolic events to clarify the underlying mechanism of anti-parasite immunity and design novel intervention strategies against parasitic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yue Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ji-Kai Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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25
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Yang S, Kobayashi S, Sekino K, Kagawa Y, Miyazaki H, Kumar Shil S, Abdulaziz Umaru B, Wannakul T, Owada Y. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 controls lung tumor metastasis by regulating the maturation of natural killer cells in the lung. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1797-1805. [PMID: 33982279 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) 5 is highly expressed in various types of tumors and is strongly correlated with tumor growth, development, and metastasis. However, it is unclear how the expression of FABP5 in the host affects tumor progression. In this study, using a lung tumor metastasis model in mice, we found that FABP5-deficient mice were more susceptible to tumor metastasis, which is accompanied by infiltration of a lower frequency of activated natural killer (NK) cells in the lung. Additionally, FABP5 deficiency leads to impaired maturation of NK cells in the lungs, but not in the bone marrow and spleen. Taken together, our results provide the first evidence that FABP5 in the host regulates lung tumor metastasis through controlling NK cell maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Yang
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kobayashi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaname Sekino
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Kagawa
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Miyazaki
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Subrata Kumar Shil
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Tunyanat Wannakul
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Rückert M, Flohr AS, Hecht M, Gaipl US. Radiotherapy and the immune system: More than just immune suppression. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:1155-1165. [PMID: 33961721 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is still one of the standard cancer therapies, with up to two third of all cancer patients with solid tumors being irradiated in the course of their disease. The aim of using ionizing radiation in fractionated treatment schedules was always to achieve local tumor control by inducing DNA damage which can be repaired by surrounding normal tissue but leads to cell death in tumor cells. Meanwhile, it is known that RT also has immunological effects reshaping the tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, RT alone often fails to elicit potent antitumor immune responses as these effects can be immunostimulatory as well as immunosuppressive. Here, we discuss how immunotherapies can be exploited in combined therapies to boost RT-induced antitumor immune responses or to counteract preexisting and RT-mediated immunosuppression to improve local and systemic tumor control. Furthermore, we highlight some parameters of radioimmunotherapies (RITs) which are under investigation for potential optimizations and how RIT approaches are tested in first phases II and III trials. Finally, we discuss how RT might affect normal and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rückert
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ann-Sophie Flohr
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Translational Radiobiology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Erlangen, Germany
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27
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Hsu FT, Liu YC, Tsai CL, Yueh PF, Chang CH, Lan KL. Preclinical Evaluation of Recombinant Human IL15 Protein Fused with Albumin Binding Domain on Anti-PD-L1 Immunotherapy Efficiency and Anti-Tumor Immunity in Colon Cancer and Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081789. [PMID: 33918641 PMCID: PMC8070266 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this manuscript, we reported that a newly developed recombinant human IL15 fused with albumin binding domain (hIL15-ABD) showed superior biological half-life, pharmacokinetic and anti-tumor immunity than wild-type (WT) hIL15. Our hIL-15-ABD can effectively enhance anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1 on colon cancer and melanoma animal models. The anti-tumor potential of hIL-15-ABD was associated with tumor microenvironment (TME) regulation, including the activation of NK cells and CD8+ T cells, the reduction of immunosuppressive cells (MDSCs and Tregs) and the suppression of immunosuppressive factors (IDO, FOXP3 and VEGF). In conclusion, our new hIL15-ABD combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody increased the activity of anti-tumor effector cells involved in both innate and adaptive immunities, decreased the TME’s immunosuppressive cells, and showed greater anti-tumor effect than that of either monotherapy. We suggested hIL15-ABD as the potential complementary agent may effectively augment the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody in colon cancer and melanoma model. Abstract Anti-PD-L1 antibody monotherapy shows limited efficacy in a significant proportion of the patients. A common explanation for the inefficacy is a lack of anti-tumor effector cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recombinant human interleukin-15 (hIL15), a potent immune stimulant, has been investigated in clinical trial with encouraging results. However, hIL15 is constrained by the short half-life of hIL15 and a relatively unfavorable pharmacokinetics profile. We developed a recombinant fusion IL15 protein composed of human IL15 (hIL15) and albumin binding domain (hIL15-ABD) and explored the therapeutic efficacy and immune regulation of hIL-15, hIL15-ABD and/or combination with anti-PD-L1 on CT26 murine colon cancer (CC) and B16-F10 murine melanoma models. We demonstrated that hIL15-ABD has significant inhibitory effect on the CT26 and B16-F10 tumor growths as compared to hIL-15. hIL-15-ABD not only showed superior half-life and pharmacokinetics data than hIL-15, but also enhance anti-tumor efficacy of antibody against PD-L1 via suppressive effect on accumulation of Tregs and MDSCs and activation of NK and CD8+T cells. Immune suppressive factors including VEGF and IDO were also decreased by combination treatment. hIL15-ABD combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody increased the activity of anti-tumor effector cells involved in both innate and adaptive immunities, decreased the TME’s immunosuppressive cells, and showed greater anti-tumor effect than that of either monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan; (F.-T.H.); (P.-F.Y.)
| | - Yu-Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang, Changhua 505, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Liang Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-L.T.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Po-Fu Yueh
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan; (F.-T.H.); (P.-F.Y.)
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-L.T.); (C.-H.C.)
- Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Li Lan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-2-2826-7000 (ext. 7121)
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28
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Balmaganbetova FK, Amanzholkyzy A, Nurgaliyeva RE, Kaldybayeva AT, Zhexenova AN. Comparative Analysis of Vaginal Microbiota in Women with Breast Cancer in Kazakhstan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1313-1318. [PMID: 33906327 PMCID: PMC8325121 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.4.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT The relevance of the article is that the breast cancer is a leading oncological disease in women in developed countries and has the highest mortality caused by malignant neoplasms in women. The purpose of the study is to evaluate vaginal microbiota in women with various breast cancer subtypes and compared groups. METHODS The study involved 278 women with breast cancer, of whom 174 were patients receiving combination therapy; the control group consisted of 104 patients who had had breast cancer 2-4 years ago. RESULTS It was found that despite a significant decrease in the total number of Lactobacillus spp., there were no statistically significant changes in the numbers of microorganisms in patients with different subtypes of breast cancer. According to the results of the comparative analysis, the representatives of obligate anaerobic flora Peptostreptococcus spp. prevailed in vaginal microbiota in luminal A and luminal B subtypes, and the representative of the facultative anaerobic organisms Staphylococcus spp. - in unfavourable outcomes in Her2/Neu+ and triple-negative subtypes. CONCLUSION The observed features of the vaginal microbiota in women with different subtypes of breast cancer require further studies for preventive purposes. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida K. Balmaganbetova
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Ainur Amanzholkyzy
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Roza E. Nurgaliyeva
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Aiman T. Kaldybayeva
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Azhar N. Zhexenova
- Department of Phatophysiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan.
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29
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Virga F, Quirico L, Cucinelli S, Mazzone M, Taverna D, Orso F. MicroRNA-Mediated Metabolic Shaping of the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:E127. [PMID: 33401522 PMCID: PMC7795884 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of cancer cells is generally very different from what is found in normal counterparts. However, in a tumor mass, the continuous crosstalk and competition for nutrients and oxygen among different cells lead to metabolic alterations, not only in cancer cells, but also in the different stromal and immune cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are highly relevant for tumor progression. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that silence their mRNA targets post-transcriptionally and are involved in numerous physiological cell functions as well as in the adaptation to stress situations. Importantly, miRs can also be released via extracellular vesicles (EVs) and, consequently, take part in the bidirectional communication between tumor and surrounding cells under stress conditions. Certain miRs are abundantly expressed in stromal and immune cells where they can regulate various metabolic pathways by directly suppressing enzymes or transporters as well as by controlling important regulators (such as transcription factors) of metabolic processes. In this review, we discuss how miRs can induce metabolic reprogramming in stromal (fibroblasts and adipocytes) and immune (macrophages and T cells) cells and, in turn, how the biology of the different cells present in the TME is able to change. Finally, we debate the rebound of miR-dependent metabolic alterations on tumor progression and their implications for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Virga
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.V.); (L.Q.); (S.C.); (M.M.); (D.T.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lorena Quirico
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.V.); (L.Q.); (S.C.); (M.M.); (D.T.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefania Cucinelli
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.V.); (L.Q.); (S.C.); (M.M.); (D.T.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.V.); (L.Q.); (S.C.); (M.M.); (D.T.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- VIB Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniela Taverna
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.V.); (L.Q.); (S.C.); (M.M.); (D.T.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Orso
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC), University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.V.); (L.Q.); (S.C.); (M.M.); (D.T.)
- Department Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Aghakhani S, Zerrouk N, Niarakis A. Metabolic Reprogramming of Fibroblasts as Therapeutic Target in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cancer: Deciphering Key Mechanisms Using Computational Systems Biology Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010035. [PMID: 33374292 PMCID: PMC7795338 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts, the most abundant cells in the connective tissue, are key modulators of the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. These spindle-shaped cells are capable of synthesizing various extracellular matrix proteins and collagen. They also provide the structural framework (stroma) for tissues and play a pivotal role in the wound healing process. While they are maintainers of the ECM turnover and regulate several physiological processes, they can also undergo transformations responding to certain stimuli and display aggressive phenotypes that contribute to disease pathophysiology. In this review, we focus on the metabolic pathways of glucose and highlight metabolic reprogramming as a critical event that contributes to the transition of fibroblasts from quiescent to activated and aggressive cells. We also cover the emerging evidence that allows us to draw parallels between fibroblasts in autoimmune disorders and more specifically in rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. We link the metabolic changes of fibroblasts to the toxic environment created by the disease condition and discuss how targeting of metabolic reprogramming could be employed in the treatment of such diseases. Lastly, we discuss Systems Biology approaches, and more specifically, computational modeling, as a means to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms and accelerate the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Aghakhani
- GenHotel, University of Evry, University of Paris-Saclay, Genopole, 91000 Evry, France; (S.A.); (N.Z.)
- Lifeware Group, Inria Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Naouel Zerrouk
- GenHotel, University of Evry, University of Paris-Saclay, Genopole, 91000 Evry, France; (S.A.); (N.Z.)
| | - Anna Niarakis
- GenHotel, University of Evry, University of Paris-Saclay, Genopole, 91000 Evry, France; (S.A.); (N.Z.)
- Lifeware Group, Inria Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau, France
- Correspondence:
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31
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de Jonge AV, Mutis T, Roemer MGM, Scheijen B, Chamuleau MED. Impact of MYC on Anti-Tumor Immune Responses in Aggressive B Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas: Consequences for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103052. [PMID: 33092116 PMCID: PMC7589056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The human immune system has several mechanisms to attack and eliminate lymphomas. However, the MYC oncogene is thought to facilitate escape from this anti-tumor immune response. Since patients with MYC overexpressing lymphomas face a significant dismal prognosis after treatment with standard immunochemotherapy, understanding the role of MYC in regulating the anti-tumor immune response is highly relevant. In this review, we describe the mechanisms by which MYC attenuates the anti-tumor immune responses in B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We aim to implement this knowledge in the deployment of novel immunotherapeutic approaches. Therefore, we also provide a comprehensive overview of current immunotherapeutic options and we discuss potential future treatment strategies for MYC overexpressing lymphomas. Abstract Patients with MYC overexpressing high grade B cell lymphoma (HGBL) face significant dismal prognosis after treatment with standard immunochemotherapy regimens. Recent preclinical studies indicate that MYC not only contributes to tumorigenesis by its effects on cell proliferation and differentiation, but also plays an important role in promoting escape from anti-tumor immune responses. This is of specific interest, since reversing tumor immune inhibition with immunotherapy has shown promising results in the treatment of both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. In this review, we outline the current understanding of impaired immune responses in B cell lymphoid malignancies with MYC overexpression, with a particular emphasis on diffuse large B cell lymphoma. We also discuss clinical consequences of MYC overexpression in the treatment of HGBL with novel immunotherapeutic agents and potential future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Vera de Jonge
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.M.); (M.E.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tuna Mutis
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.M.); (M.E.D.C.)
| | - Margaretha G. M. Roemer
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Blanca Scheijen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud UMC, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Martine E. D. Chamuleau
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (T.M.); (M.E.D.C.)
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32
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Helios Expression in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Correlates with Overall Survival of Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090189. [PMID: 32927747 PMCID: PMC7555661 DOI: 10.3390/life10090189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a highly promising approach for the treatment of gastric cancer, the third-leading cause of overall cancer death worldwide. In particular, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells are believed to mediate host immune responses, although this activity may vary depending on the activation status and/ or their microenvironments. Here, we examined the expression of a specific zinc finger transcription factor, Helios (IKZF2), in gastric tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes by immunohistochemistry and the correlation with survival. Segregation of gastric cancer patients into high- vs. low-Helios-expressing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes showed those with high expression to exhibit longer survival in gastric cancer patients, Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer patients and advanced stage (III–IV) gastric cancer patients. In particular, Helios expression was an independent factor for survival in advanced gastric cancer patients. We performed immunofluorescence staining to detect Helios expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that Helios is expressed more in CD4+ T cells and little in CD8+ T cells in infiltrated lymphocytes in gastric cancer. In summary, we believe that the study of specific characteristics of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes can delineate the interactions of immune and tumor cells to improve upon immunotherapy strategies.
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Proteoglycans in the Pathogenesis of Hormone-Dependent Cancers: Mediators and Effectors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092401. [PMID: 32847060 PMCID: PMC7563227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone-dependent cancers exhibit high morbidity and mortality. In spite of advances in therapy, the treatment of hormone-dependent cancers remains an unmet health need. The tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits unique characteristics that differ among various tumor types. It is composed of cancerous, non-cancerous, stromal, and immune cells that are surrounded and supported by components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, the interactions among cancer cells, stromal cells, and components of the ECM determine cancer progression and response to therapy. Proteoglycans (PGs), hybrid molecules consisting of a protein core to which sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains are bound, are significant components of the ECM that are implicated in all phases of tumorigenesis. These molecules, secreted by both the stroma and cancer cells, are crucial signaling mediators that modulate the vital cellular pathways implicated in gene expression, phenotypic versatility, and response to therapy in specific tumor types. A plethora of deregulated signaling pathways contributes to the growth, dissemination, and angiogenesis of hormone-dependent cancers. Specific inputs from the endocrine and immune systems are some of the characteristics of hormone-dependent cancer pathogenesis. Importantly, the mechanisms involved in various aspects of cancer progression are executed in the ECM niche of the TME, and the PG components crucially mediate these processes. Here, we comprehensively discuss the mechanisms through which PGs affect the multifaceted aspects of hormone-dependent cancer development and progression, including cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, immunobiology, autophagy, and response to therapy.
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Hua W, Ten Dijke P, Kostidis S, Giera M, Hornsveld M. TGFβ-induced metabolic reprogramming during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2103-2123. [PMID: 31822964 PMCID: PMC7256023 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the most frequent cause of death in cancer patients. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the process in which cells lose epithelial integrity and become motile, a critical step for cancer cell invasion, drug resistance and immune evasion. The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling pathway is a major driver of EMT. Increasing evidence demonstrates that metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer and extensive metabolic changes are observed during EMT. The aim of this review is to summarize and interconnect recent findings that illustrate how changes in glycolysis, mitochondrial, lipid and choline metabolism coincide and functionally contribute to TGFβ-induced EMT. We describe TGFβ signaling is involved in stimulating both glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. Interestingly, the subsequent metabolic consequences for the redox state and lipid metabolism in cancer cells are found to be in favor of EMT as well. Combined we illustrate that a better understanding of the mechanistic links between TGFβ signaling, cancer metabolism and EMT holds promising strategies for cancer therapy, some of which are already actively being explored in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Hua
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sarantos Kostidis
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marten Hornsveld
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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35
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Agupitan AD, Neeson P, Williams S, Howitt J, Haupt S, Haupt Y. P53: A Guardian of Immunity Becomes Its Saboteur through Mutation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3452. [PMID: 32414156 PMCID: PMC7278985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Awareness of the importance of immunity in controlling cancer development triggered research into the impact of its key oncogenic drivers on the immune response, as well as their value as targets for immunotherapy. At the heart of tumour suppression is p53, which was discovered in the context of viral infection and now emerges as a significant player in normal and cancer immunity. Wild-type p53 (wt p53) plays fundamental roles in cancer immunity and inflammation. Mutations in p53 not only cripple wt p53 immune functions but also sinisterly subvert the immune function through its neomorphic gain-of-functions (GOFs). The prevalence of mutant p53 across different types of human cancers, which are associated with inflammatory and immune dysfunction, further implicates mutant p53 in modulating cancer immunity, thereby promoting tumorigenesis, metastasis and invasion. In this review, we discuss several mutant p53 immune GOFs in the context of the established roles of wt p53 in regulating and responding to tumour-associated inflammation, and regulating innate and adaptive immunity. We discuss the capacity of mutant p53 to alter the tumour milieu to support immune dysfunction, modulate toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling pathways to disrupt innate immunity and subvert cell-mediated immunity in favour of immune privilege and survival. Furthermore, we expose the potential and challenges associated with mutant p53 as a cancer immunotherapy target and underscore existing therapies that may benefit from inquiry into cancer p53 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjelle Decasa Agupitan
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia; (A.D.A.); (S.H.)
| | - Paul Neeson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia;
- Cancer Immunology Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
| | - Scott Williams
- Division of Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia;
| | - Jason Howitt
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne 3122, Victoria, Australia;
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sue Haupt
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia; (A.D.A.); (S.H.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia;
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia; (A.D.A.); (S.H.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia;
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Victoria, Australia
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Ding Q, Dong S, Wang R, Zhang K, Wang H, Zhou X, Wang J, Wong K, Long Y, Zhu S, Wang W, Ren H, Zeng Y. A nine-gene signature related to tumor microenvironment predicts overall survival with ovarian cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4879-4895. [PMID: 32208363 PMCID: PMC7138578 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that immune cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial regulator of carcinogenesis and therapeutic efficacy in ovarian cancer (OC). In this study, 593 OC patients from TCGA were divided into high and low score groups based on their immune/stromal scores resulting from analysis utilizing the ESTIMATE algorithm. Differential expression analysis revealed 294 intersecting genes that influencing both the immune and stromal scores. Further Cox regression analysis identified 34 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as prognostic-related genes. Finally, the nine-gene signature was derived from the prognostic-related genes using a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and Cox regression. This nine-gene signature could effectively distinguish the high-risk patients in the training (TCGA database) and validation (GSE17260) cohorts (all p < 0.01). A time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the nine-gene signature had a reasonable predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.707, AUC =0.696) in both cohorts. In addition, this nine-gene signature is associated with immune infiltration in TME by Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), and can be used to predict the survival of patients with OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Ding
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis-Treatment and Application of Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Dong
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis-Treatment and Application of Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Changsha, China
| | - Ranran Wang
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis-Treatment and Application of Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Changsha, China
| | - Keqiang Zhang
- The Fifth Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis-Treatment and Application of Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Fifth Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Kee Wong
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis-Treatment and Application of Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Long
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Weigang Wang
- The Fifth Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Huayi Ren
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Diagnosis-Treatment and Application of Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Changsha, China
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Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Correlates with Favorable Overall Survival in High Grade Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020505. [PMID: 32098278 PMCID: PMC7072166 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still a question of debate whether neutrophils, often found in the tumor microenvironment, mediate tumor-promoting or rather tumor-inhibiting activities. The present study focuses on the involvement of neutrophils in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Macroscopic features classify two types of peritoneal tumor spread in HGSOC. Widespread and millet sized lesions characterize the miliary type, while non-miliary metastases are larger and associated with better prognosis. Multi-omics and FACS data were generated from ascites samples. Integrated data analysis demonstrates a significant increase of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET)-associated molecules in non-miliary ascites samples. A co-association network analysis performed with the ascites data further revealed a striking correlation between NETosis-associated metabolites and several eicosanoids. The congruence of data generated from primary neutrophils with ascites analyses indicates the predominance of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX)-independent NETosis. NETosis is associated with protein S100A8/A9 release. An increase of the S100A8/CRP abundance ratio was found to correlate with favorable survival of HGSOC patients. The analysis of additional five independent proteome studies with regard to S100A8/CRP ratios confirmed this observation. In conclusion, NET formation seems to relate with better cancer patient outcome.
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38
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Fibronectin in Cancer: Friend or Foe. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010027. [PMID: 31861892 PMCID: PMC7016990 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of fibronectin (FN) in tumorigenesis and malignant progression has been highly controversial. Cancerous FN plays a tumor-suppressive role, whereas it is pro-metastatic and associated with poor prognosis. Interestingly, FN matrix deposited in the tumor microenvironments (TMEs) promotes tumor progression but is paradoxically related to a better prognosis. Here, we justify how FN impacts tumor transformation and subsequently metastatic progression. Next, we try to reconcile and rationalize the seemingly conflicting roles of FN in cancer and TMEs. Finally, we propose future perspectives for potential FN-based therapeutic strategies.
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Mota TM, Jones RB. HTLV-1 as a Model for Virus and Host Coordinated Immunoediting. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2259. [PMID: 31616431 PMCID: PMC6768981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoediting is a process that occurs in cancer, whereby the immune system acts to initially repress, and subsequently promote the outgrowth of tumor cells through the stages of elimination, equilibrium, and escape. Here we present a model for a virus that causes cancer where immunoediting is coordinated through synergistic viral- and host-mediated events. We argue that the initial viral replication process of the Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1), which causes adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) in ~5% of individuals after decades of latency, harmonizes with the host immune system to create a population of cells destined for malignancy. Furthermore, we explore the possibility for HIV to fit into this model of immunoediting, and propose a non-malignant escape phase for HIV-infected cells that persist beyond equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia M Mota
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - R Brad Jones
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.,Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, United States
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40
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Dimeloe S, Mauro C. Translating immunometabolism: towards curing human diseases by targeting metabolic processes underpinning the immune response. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 197:141-142. [PMID: 31327170 PMCID: PMC6642880 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Dimeloe
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - C. Mauro
- College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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41
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Mondanelli G, Iacono A, Allegrucci M, Puccetti P, Grohmann U. Immunoregulatory Interplay Between Arginine and Tryptophan Metabolism in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1565. [PMID: 31354721 PMCID: PMC6629926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alberta Iacono
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Allegrucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Puccetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ursula Grohmann
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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