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Wang J, Ren J, Tu X, Yuan H, Ye Z, Wang X, Cui J, Wang J, Tang Y, Han P, Bai Y. ARNTL2 facilitates bladder cancer progression through potentiating ENO1-mediated glycolysis in a SLC31A1-independent and -dependent manner. Life Sci 2024; 355:122974. [PMID: 39147318 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 2 (ARNTL2) is a transcription factor that controls the circadian rhythm. Amounts of studies have demonstrated the carcinogenic function of ARNTL2 in human malignant tumors albeit the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to study the significance of ARNTL2 in bladder cancer (BLCA). METHODS Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblotting and the database from TCGA were used to analyze the clinical relevance of ARNTL2, enolase 1 (ENO1) and solute carrier family 31 member 1 (SLC31A1) in BLCA. The function of ARNTL2 was explored by cell proliferation assay, apoptosis, colony formation and xenografted tumorigenesis. The molecular mechanisms of ARNTL2-driving BLCA development were investigated by RT-qPCR, immunoblotting and luciferase assays. Glycolysis was checked by measuring glucose consumption and lactate production. ENO1 activity was assessed by using indicated assay kit. RESULTS Overexpression of ARNTL2 facilitates the proliferation and tumorigenesis of BLCA cells through suppression of apoptosis and enhancement of glycolysis. Up-regulation of SLC31A1, ENO1, and enhancement of SLC31A1-mediated ENO1 activity were critical for ARNTL2-triggered glycolysis and malignant growth in BLCA cells. ARNTL2 was positively correlated with SLC31A1 and ENO1 in BLCA patients. High expression of ARNTL2, SLC31A1 or ENO1 predicted the poor prognosis of BLCA patients. Depletion of SLC31A1 and inhibition of glycolysis completely blunted the growth ability of BLCA cells. CONCLUSION In summary, ARNTL2 facilitates the progression of BLCA via activating ENO1-mediated glycolysis in a SLC31A1-independent and -dependent manner. Inhibiting SLC31A1 and glycolysis may be an aspirational approach for the treatment of BLCA patients with overexpression of ARNTL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junwei Ren
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Tu
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haichao Yuan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyang Ye
- Department of Urology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianwei Cui
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yin Tang
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yunjin Bai
- Department of Urology/Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Jamadar A, Ward CJ, Remadevi V, Varghese MM, Pabla NS, Gumz ML, Rao R. Circadian clock disruption and growth of kidney cysts in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.05.606676. [PMID: 39211074 PMCID: PMC11361200 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.05.606676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is caused by mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, and often progresses to kidney failure. ADPKD progression is not uniform among patients, suggesting that factors secondary to the PKD1/2 gene mutation could regulate the rate of disease progression. Here we tested the effect of circadian clock disruption on ADPKD progression. Circadian rhythms are regulated by cell-autonomous circadian clocks composed of clock proteins. BMAL1 is a core constituent of the circadian clock. Methods To disrupt the circadian clock, we deleted Bmal1 gene in the renal collecting ducts of the Pkd1 RC/RC (RC/RC) mouse model of ADPKD (RC/RC; Bmal1 f/f ; Pkhd1 cre , called DKO mice), and in Pkd1 knockout mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells ( Pkd1Bmal1 KO mIMCD3 cells). Only male mice were used. Results Human nephrectomy ADPKD kidneys and Pkd1 KO mIMCD3 cells showed reduced Bmal1 gene expression compared to normal controls. When compared to RC/RC kidneys, DKO kidneys showed significantly altered clock gene expression, increased cyst growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis and fibrosis. DKO kidneys also showed increased lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis-related gene expression, and increased tissue triglyceride levels compared to RC/RC kidneys. Similarly, in vitro, Pkd1Bmal1 KO cells showed altered clock genes, increased lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis-related genes, and reduced fatty-acid oxidation-related gene expression compared to Pkd1KO cells. The Pkd1Bmal1 KO cells showed increased cell proliferation compared to Pkd1KO cells, which was rescued by pharmacological inhibition of lipogenesis. Conclusion Renal collecting duct specific Bmal1 gene deletion disrupts the circadian clock and triggers accelerated ADPKD progression by altering lipid metabolism-related gene expression. Key points Lack of BMAL1, a circadian clock protein in renal collecting ducts disrupted the clock and increased cyst growth and fibrosis in an ADPKD mouse model.BMAL1 gene deletion increased cell proliferation by increasing lipogenesis in kidney cells.Thus, circadian clock disruption could be a risk factor for accelerated disease progression in patients with ADPKD.
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Tran HT, Kondo T, Ashry A, Fu Y, Okawa H, Sawangmake C, Egusa H. Effect of circadian clock disruption on type 2 diabetes. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1435848. [PMID: 39165284 PMCID: PMC11333352 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1435848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the predominant form of diabetes mellitus and is among the leading causes of death with an increasing prevalence worldwide. However, the pathological mechanism underlying T2D remains complex and unclear. An increasing number of studies have suggested an association between circadian clock disruption and high T2D prevalence. Method This review explores the physiological and genetic evidence underlying T2D symptoms associated with circadian clock disturbances, including insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Results and Discussion Notably, circadian clock disruption reduces insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity and negatively affects glucose homeostasis. The circadian clock regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, an important factor that regulates glucose metabolism and influences T2D progression. Therefore, circadian clock regulation is an attractive, novel therapeutic approach for T2D, and various circadian clock stabilizers play therapeutic roles in T2D. Lastly, this review suggests novel therapeutic and preventive approaches using circadian clock regulators for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Thuan Tran
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Viet Nam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Takeru Kondo
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Amal Ashry
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yunyu Fu
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okawa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Clinical Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Agyekum JA, Yeboah K. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor is Associated with Self-Reported Quality of Sleep in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Ghana. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:407-413. [PMID: 38382643 PMCID: PMC11251750 DOI: 10.1055/a-2273-6527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep disturbances are common in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and this exacerbates disease severity and results in poor quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to mediate the association between T2DM and poor sleep health. The burden of self-reported poor sleep quality and duration in T2DM and their association with serum BDNF levels were investigated. METHODS In this case-control design, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Instrument was used to assess self-reported sleep quality and duration in 100 patients with T2DM and 80 nondiabetic controls. Sociodemographic data and medical history were collected from case notes and/or using a structured questionnaire. Fasting venous blood samples (5 mL) were collected to measure plasma lipid profile and serum BDNF levels. RESULTS patients with T2DM had low levels of BDNF, poor sleep quality (61.9% vs 27.5%, p<0.001), and shorter sleep duration (6.1±2.2 vs 6.9±1.1 h, p=0.003). T2DM status was associated with doubling the odds of poor sleep quality [OR (95%CI)=2.06 (1.07-6.43), p=0.039] and 1.6 times the odds of short sleep duration [1.63 (1.03-3.79), p=0.028]. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed no association between serum BDNF levels and sleep status. However, there was a negative biological interaction between T2DM and BDNF levels on poor sleep quality, resulting in 0.28 relative excess risk due to the interaction and a 12% attributable proportion due to the interaction. CONCLUSION In this study population, patients with T2DM had a high burden of self-reported poor quality of sleep and shorter sleep duration compared to the nondiabetic controls. T2DM interacts negatively with serum BDNF levels to affect sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Adjepong Agyekum
- Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra,
Ghana
- Laboratory Unit, Mamprobi Hospital, Ghana Health Service, Accra,
Ghana
| | - Kwame Yeboah
- Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra,
Ghana
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Pradhan M, Hedaoo R, Joseph A, Jain R. Charting Wellness in India: Piloting the iTHRIVE's Functional Nutrition Approach to Improve Glycaemic and Inflammatory Parameters in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cureus 2024; 16:e63744. [PMID: 39100011 PMCID: PMC11296214 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by elevation of blood glucose levels due to underlying insulin resistance and inflammation. Multiple modifiable risk factors such as unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, obesity, smoking and psychological stress contribute to T2DM. We investigated the efficacy of a comprehensive functional nutrition approach aimed at mitigating T2DM using the iTHRIVE approach which encompassed anti-inflammatory and elimination diets, micronutrient supplements, physical activity, stress management and environmental modifications through a pre-post study design. The research assessed changes in blood glucose and inflammatory markers following the implementation of the functional nutrition program. Methods A prospective pre-post intervention pilot study was conducted at ThriveTribe Wellness Solutions Pvt Ltd. (iTHRIVE), where 50 study participants from urban areas of Pune city, India (n=25 each group) were recruited voluntarily in the age group of 20-60 years. The participants were subjected to 90 days of the iTHRIVE functional nutrition approach which consisted of eliminating certain inflammatory foods and adding a combination of nutritious organic foods, adding dietary supplements like magnesium, vitamin D, alpha lipoic acid, chromium picolinate, berberine and biogymnema, physical activities like resistance training, stress reduction techniques like meditation and deep breathing exercises along with environmental changes. The blood parameters like fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), fasting serum insulin, post-prandial serum insulin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), vitamin D, body weight and waist circumference were measured before and after the intervention. The changes were statistically analyzed using a paired t-test. Results The mean age of the participants was found to be 43.76±10.58 years. Around 68% of the participants were prediabetic (HbA1c: 5.7-6.4%) and 32% had T2DM (HbA1c ≥6.5%). A significant reduction was observed in the average HbA1c (13.75% reduction, p<0.0001), average post-prandial blood glucose levels (14.51% reduction, p<0.048), average post-prandial serum insulin (34.31% reduction, p<0.017) and average ESR levels (34.51% reduction, p<0.006). The hs-CRP levels were reduced by 6.6%, but not statistically significant. The average body weight of the participants dropped from 78.59±15.18 kg to 75.20±14.20 kg with a mean loss of 2.91 kg (p<0.05) whereas the waist circumference decreased from 37.54±5.09 to 35.97±4.74 inches with an average loss of 1.19 inches (p<0.0004). Conclusions Following the intervention, several health indicators indicated significant improvements. Particularly, there was a significant drop in HbA1c levels, suggesting better long-term blood glucose control. Blood glucose and serum insulin levels after a meal dropped significantly, indicating enhanced insulin sensitivity. There was a decrease in systemic inflammation as evidenced by the decrease in ESR levels. These results imply that the iTHRIVE functional nutrition approach used in this investigation might be beneficial for enhancing glycemic control and insulin sensitivity, along with reducing inflammatory markers in people with prediabetes and T2DM. Larger sample sizes and longer periods of monitoring would be useful in subsequent research to validate and build on these encouraging findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha Pradhan
- Nutrition, ThriveTribe Wellness Solutions Pvt Ltd., Pune, IND
| | - Radhika Hedaoo
- Nutrition, Symbiosis School of Culinary Arts, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, IND
| | - Anitta Joseph
- Nutrition, ThriveTribe Wellness Solutions Pvt Ltd., Pune, IND
| | - Ria Jain
- Nutrition, ThriveTribe Wellness Solutions Pvt Ltd., Pune, IND
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Speksnijder EM, Bisschop PH, Siegelaar SE, Stenvers DJ, Kalsbeek A. Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12956. [PMID: 38695262 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The circadian timing system controls glucose metabolism in a time-of-day dependent manner. In mammals, the circadian timing system consists of the main central clock in the bilateral suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus and subordinate clocks in peripheral tissues. The oscillations produced by these different clocks with a period of approximately 24-h are generated by the transcriptional-translational feedback loops of a set of core clock genes. Glucose homeostasis is one of the daily rhythms controlled by this circadian timing system. The central pacemaker in the SCN controls glucose homeostasis through its neural projections to hypothalamic hubs that are in control of feeding behavior and energy metabolism. Using hormones such as adrenal glucocorticoids and melatonin and the autonomic nervous system, the SCN modulates critical processes such as glucose production and insulin sensitivity. Peripheral clocks in tissues, such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue serve to enhance and sustain these SCN signals. In the optimal situation all these clocks are synchronized and aligned with behavior and the environmental light/dark cycle. A negative impact on glucose metabolism becomes apparent when the internal timing system becomes disturbed, also known as circadian desynchrony or circadian misalignment. Circadian desynchrony may occur at several levels, as the mistiming of light exposure or sleep will especially affect the central clock, whereas mistiming of food intake or physical activity will especially involve the peripheral clocks. In this review, we will summarize the literature investigating the impact of circadian desynchrony on glucose metabolism and how it may result in the development of insulin resistance. In addition, we will discuss potential strategies aimed at reinstating circadian synchrony to improve insulin sensitivity and contribute to the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M Speksnijder
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H Bisschop
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah E Siegelaar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Jan Stenvers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hassanpour K, Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh H, Khafaei M, Hosseini A, Farnoosh G, Badri T, Akbariqomi M. Sleep as a likely immunomodulation agent: novel approach in the treatment of COVID-19. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2166131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Hassanpour
- Medical School, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Khafaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Hosseini
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreaza Farnoosh
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taleb Badri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Akbariqomi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sinturel F, Chera S, Brulhart-Meynet MC, Montoya JP, Stenvers DJ, Bisschop PH, Kalsbeek A, Guessous I, Jornayvaz FR, Philippe J, Brown SA, D'Angelo G, Riezman H, Dibner C. Circadian organization of lipid landscape is perturbed in type 2 diabetic patients. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101299. [PMID: 38016481 PMCID: PMC10772323 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Lipid homeostasis in humans follows a diurnal pattern in muscle and pancreatic islets, altered upon metabolic dysregulation. We employ tandem and liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry to investigate daily regulation of lipid metabolism in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SAT) and serum of type 2 diabetic (T2D) and non-diabetic (ND) human volunteers (n = 12). Around 8% of ≈440 lipid metabolites exhibit diurnal rhythmicity in serum and SAT from ND and T2D subjects. The spectrum of rhythmic lipids differs between ND and T2D individuals, with the most substantial changes observed early morning, as confirmed by lipidomics in an independent cohort of ND and T2D subjects (n = 32) conducted at a single morning time point. Strikingly, metabolites identified as daily rhythmic in both serum and SAT from T2D subjects exhibit phase differences. Our study reveals massive temporal and tissue-specific alterations of human lipid homeostasis in T2D, providing essential clues for the development of lipid biomarkers in a temporal manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore Sinturel
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Chera
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marie-Claude Brulhart-Meynet
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Paz Montoya
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dirk Jan Stenvers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H Bisschop
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands; Laboratory for Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, 1105 BA, the Netherlands
| | - Idris Guessous
- Department and Division of Primary Care Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François R Jornayvaz
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Therapeutic Patient Education, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacques Philippe
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Therapeutic Patient Education, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Steven A Brown
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni D'Angelo
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Howard Riezman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Charna Dibner
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
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Zhang J, Xi Y, Fei Q, Xu J, Hu J. Identification of tRNA-derived RNAs in adipose tissue from overweight type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and their potential biological functions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1139157. [PMID: 37484941 PMCID: PMC10358832 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1139157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)causes a huge public health burden worldwide, especially for those who are overweight or obese, the pain is often greater. And search for effective targets in overweight T2DM could help improve patient quality of life and prognosis. tRNA-derived RNAs (tsRNAs) are multifunctional regulators that are currently receiving much attention, but there is still a lack of knowledge about tsRNAs in overweight T2DM. Methods T2DM patients with BMI ≥ 25 (Overweight group) and BMI< 25 (Control group) were subjected to tsRNA sequencing; differentially expressed tsRNAs in the two groups were analyzed and their expression was verified using qRT-PCR. The biological function of downstream target genes was also evaluated by enrichment analysis. Results qRT-PCR evaluation identified a tsRNA with up-regulated expression (tRF-1-28-Glu-TTC-3-M2) and a tsRNA with down-regulated expression (tRF-1-31-His-GTG-1), both of which may be involved in metabolic and energy-related processes. Conclusion Dysregulation of tsRNA expression in overweight patients with T2DM suggests a potential role for tsRNA in the development of T2DM.
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Codoñer-Franch P, Gombert M, Martínez-Raga J, Cenit MC. Circadian Disruption and Mental Health: The Chronotherapeutic Potential of Microbiome-Based and Dietary Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087579. [PMID: 37108739 PMCID: PMC10146651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental illness is alarmingly on the rise, and circadian disruptions linked to a modern lifestyle may largely explain this trend. Impaired circadian rhythms are associated with mental disorders. The evening chronotype, which is linked to circadian misalignment, is a risk factor for severe psychiatric symptoms and psychiatric metabolic comorbidities. Resynchronization of circadian rhythms commonly improves psychiatric symptoms. Furthermore, evidence indicates that preventing circadian misalignment may help reduce the risk of psychiatric disorders and the impact of neuro-immuno-metabolic disturbances in psychiatry. The gut microbiota exhibits diurnal rhythmicity, as largely governed by meal timing, which regulates the host's circadian rhythms. Temporal circadian regulation of feeding has emerged as a promising chronotherapeutic strategy to prevent and/or help with the treatment of mental illnesses, largely through the modulation of gut microbiota. Here, we provide an overview of the link between circadian disruption and mental illness. We summarize the connection between gut microbiota and circadian rhythms, supporting the idea that gut microbiota modulation may aid in preventing circadian misalignment and in the resynchronization of disrupted circadian rhythms. We describe diurnal microbiome rhythmicity and its related factors, highlighting the role of meal timing. Lastly, we emphasize the necessity and rationale for further research to develop effective and safe microbiome and dietary strategies based on chrononutrition to combat mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Codoñer-Franch
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Doctor Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Bio-Medical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marie Gombert
- Biosciences Division, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - José Martínez-Raga
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, University of Valencia, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Carmen Cenit
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
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Mentzelou M, Papadopoulou SK, Papandreou D, Spanoudaki M, Dakanalis A, Vasios GK, Voulgaridou G, Pavlidou E, Mantzorou M, Giaginis C. Evaluating the Relationship between Circadian Rhythms and Sleep, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Clinical Evidence in Human Studies. Metabolites 2023; 13:370. [PMID: 36984810 PMCID: PMC10057970 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are generated by the circadian clock, a self-sustained internal timing system that exhibits 24-h rhythms in the body. Many metabolic, cellular, behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the circadian clock in coordination with environmental cues. The present study is a comprehensive review of the currently existing evidence concerning the relationship between circadian rhythms and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. We thoroughly searched the online databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find the existing clinical studies from the last twenty-three years (2000-2023). Circadian misalignment was found to be associated with an increase in the risk of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity, as well as inadequate sleep quality. In this review article, all the included studies had a strength protocol design and all of them were conducted on humans. However, the most common limitations of them were the small sample size and the short time of the intervention. In conclusion, managing the factors that disrupt the optimal function of central and peripheral clocks can help to reduce the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, improving also sleep quality. Future studies should further explore the underlying mechanisms of the interconnections between circadian clocks and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. This may provide new opportunities for advance chronotherapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Clinical Dietetics & Nutrition Department of 424 General Military Hospital, New Efkarpia Ring Road, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Georgios K. Vasios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Maria Mantzorou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
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12
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Yang Y, Yu P, Lu Y, Gao C, Sun Q. Disturbed rhythmicity of intestinal hydrogen peroxide alters gut microbial oscillations in BMAL1-deficient monkeys. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112183. [PMID: 36857177 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian oscillation of gut microbiota exerts significant influence on host physiology, but the host factors that sustain microbial oscillations are rarely reported. We compared the gut microbiome and metabolome of wild-type and BMAL1-deficient cynomolgus monkeys during a diurnal cycle by performing 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted fecal metabolomics and uncovered the influence of intestinal H2O2 on microbial compositions. Ablation of BMAL1 induced expansion of Bacteroidota at midnight and altered microbial oscillations. Some important fecal metabolites changed significantly, and we investigated their correlations with microbes. Further analyses revealed that disturbed rhythmicity of NOX1-derived intestinal H2O2 was responsible for the altered microbial oscillations in BMAL1-deficient monkeys. Mechanistic studies showed that BMAL1 transactivated NOX1 via binding to the E1-E2 site in its promoter. Notably, BMAL1-dependent activation of NOX1 was conserved in cynomolgus monkeys and humans. Our study demonstrates the importance of intestine clock-controlled H2O2 rhythmicity on the rhythmic oscillation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Yang
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R. China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P.R. China.
| | - Peijun Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yong Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Changshan Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China.
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13
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Gether L, Storgaard H, Kezic S, Jakasa I, Hartmann B, Skov-Jeppesen K, Holst JJ, Pedersen AJ, Forman J, van Hall G, Sørensen OE, Skov L, Røpke MA, Knop FK, Thyssen JP. Effects of topical corticosteroid versus tacrolimus on insulin sensitivity and bone homeostasis in adults with atopic dermatitis-A randomized controlled study. Allergy 2023. [PMID: 36824052 DOI: 10.1111/all.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Topical corticosteroids (TCS), used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD), have been associated with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis in epidemiological studies, possibly explained by systemic absorption. OBJECTIVES We examined whether intensive daily whole-body TCS treatment over 2 weeks followed by twice weekly application for 4 weeks could elicit insulin resistance and increase bone resorption in adults with AD. METHODS A randomized parallel-group double-blind double-dummy non-corticosteroid-based active comparator study design was completed in Copenhagen, Denmark. Thirty-six non-obese, non-diabetic adults with moderate-to-severe AD were randomized to whole-body treatment with betamethasone 17-valerate 0.1% plus a vehicle once daily or tacrolimus 0.1% twice daily after washout. Insulin sensitivity assessed by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp combined with tracer infusions and biomarkers of bone formation (P1NP) and resorption (CTX) were evaluated at baseline, after 2 weeks of daily treatment and after further 4 weeks of twice-weekly maintenance treatment. RESULTS AD severity improved with both treatments and systemic inflammation was reduced. After 2 weeks, we observed similar increase in peripheral insulin sensitivity with use of betamethasone (n = 18) and tacrolimus (n = 18). Bone resorption biomarker, CTX, was unchanged, while bone formation marker, P1NP, decreased after betamethasone treatment after both 2 and 6 weeks but remained unchanged in the tacrolimus arm. CONCLUSIONS Whole-body treatment with TCS leads to systemic exposure but appears not to compromise glucose metabolism during short-term use, which may be a result of reduced systemic inflammatory activity. The negative impact on bone formation could be regarded an adverse effect of TCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Gether
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- LEO Pharma A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
| | - Heidi Storgaard
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ivone Jakasa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsa Skov-Jeppesen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Julie Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerrit van Hall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Facility, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lone Skov
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen Research Group for Inflammatory Skin (CORGIS), Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads A Røpke
- LEO Pharma A/S, Ballerup, Denmark
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Zandi Shafagh R, Youhanna S, Keulen J, Shen JX, Taebnia N, Preiss LC, Klein K, Büttner FA, Bergqvist M, van der Wijngaart W, Lauschke VM. Bioengineered Pancreas-Liver Crosstalk in a Microfluidic Coculture Chip Identifies Human Metabolic Response Signatures in Prediabetic Hyperglycemia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203368. [PMID: 36285680 PMCID: PMC9731722 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant glucose homeostasis is the most common metabolic disturbance affecting one in ten adults worldwide. Prediabetic hyperglycemia due to dysfunctional interactions between different human tissues, including pancreas and liver, constitutes the largest risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. However, this early stage of metabolic disease has received relatively little attention. Microphysiological tissue models that emulate tissue crosstalk offer emerging opportunities to study metabolic interactions. Here, a novel modular multitissue organ-on-a-chip device is presented that allows for integrated and reciprocal communication between different 3D primary human tissue cultures. Precisely controlled heterologous perfusion of each tissue chamber is achieved through a microfluidic single "synthetic heart" pneumatic actuation unit connected to multiple tissue chambers via specific configuration of microchannel resistances. On-chip coculture experiments of organotypic primary human liver spheroids and intact primary human islets demonstrate insulin secretion and hepatic insulin response dynamics at physiological timescales upon glucose challenge. Integration of transcriptomic analyses with promoter motif activity data of 503 transcription factors reveals tissue-specific interacting molecular networks that underlie β-cell stress in prediabetic hyperglycemia. Interestingly, liver and islet cultures show surprising counter-regulation of transcriptional programs, emphasizing the power of microphysiological coculture to elucidate the systems biology of metabolic crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zandi Shafagh
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
- Division of Micro‐ and NanosystemsKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm10044Sweden
| | - Sonia Youhanna
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
| | - Jibbe Keulen
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
- Division of Micro‐ and NanosystemsKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm10044Sweden
- Dr Margarete Fischer‐Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology70376StuttgartGermany
- University of Tuebingen72074TuebingenGermany
| | - Joanne X. Shen
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
| | - Nayere Taebnia
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
| | - Lena C. Preiss
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK)The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA64293DarmstadtGermany
| | - Kathrin Klein
- Dr Margarete Fischer‐Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology70376StuttgartGermany
- University of Tuebingen72074TuebingenGermany
| | - Florian A. Büttner
- Dr Margarete Fischer‐Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology70376StuttgartGermany
- University of Tuebingen72074TuebingenGermany
| | - Mikael Bergqvist
- Division of Micro‐ and NanosystemsKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm10044Sweden
| | | | - Volker M. Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm17711Sweden
- Dr Margarete Fischer‐Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology70376StuttgartGermany
- University of Tuebingen72074TuebingenGermany
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15
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Li X, Liu X, Meng Q, Wu X, Bing X, Guo N, Zhao X, Hou X, Wang B, Xia M, Li H. Circadian clock disruptions link oxidative stress and systemic inflammation to metabolic syndrome in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Front Physiol 2022; 13:932596. [PMID: 36105285 PMCID: PMC9466597 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.932596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Recent studies have indicated that circadian clock genes were dysregulated in OSA. In addition, it is clear that the impairment of circadian clocks drives the progression of MetS. Therefore, we hypothesized that circadian rhythm disruption links OSA with MetS.Methods: A total of 118 participants, who underwent polysomnography (PSG) and were diagnosed as healthy snorers (control, n = 29) or OSA (n = 89) patients based on the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), were enrolled in the present study. General information, anthropometric data, blood biochemical indicators, clock gene expressions, and levels of oxidative and inflammatory indicators were collected, determined, and compared in all the participants.Results: We found that Brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1 (Bmal1) and Differentiated embryo chondrocyte 1 (Dec1) were upregulated, while Period 1 (Per1) was reduced in OSA patients. In addition, these changing trends were closely associated with the hypoxia indicator of AHI and have a significant impact on the presence of MetS components, such as hyperglycemia (Dec1 and Per1, p < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively), hypertension (Bmal1 and Dec1, p < 0.001 and 0.01, respectively), hyperlipidemia (Dec1, p < 0.01), and obesity (Dec1, p < 0.05). Notably, expressions of Dec1 correlated with IR and predicted the presence of MetS in OSA patients. Finally, we also observed that Dec1 expression was interrelated with levels of both oxidative indicators and inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6) in OSA.Conclusion: This study concluded that circadian clock disruptions, especially Dec1, link OSA with MetS in an oxidative and inflammatory-related manner. Circadian clock Dec1 can be used as a specific biomarker (p < 0.001) and therapeutic target in OSA combined with Mets patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuejian Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qiu Meng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Bing
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuening Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaozhi Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Baowei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li, ; Ming Xia,
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Li, ; Ming Xia,
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16
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Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles of Psidium guajava Leaf Extract and Evaluation for Its Antidiabetic Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144336. [PMID: 35889209 PMCID: PMC9319605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are a severe public health concern due to the high incidence, morbidity, and mortality rates. The present study aims to synthesize and characterize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Psidium guajava (PGE) for investigating its antidiabetic activity. Psidium guajava silver nanoparticles (PGAg NPs) were prepared and characterized by various parameters. The in vivo study was conducted using PGE and PGAg NPs in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats to assess their antidiabetic properties. STZ of 55 mg/kg was injected to induce diabetes. The PGE, PGAg NPs at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg and standard drug Metformin (100 mg/kg) were administered daily to diabetic rats for 21 days through the oral route. Blood glucose level, body weight changes, lipid profiles, and histopathology of the rats' liver and pancreas were examined. In the diabetic rats, PGE and PGAg NPs produced a drastic decrease in the blood glucose level, preventing subsequent weight loss and ameliorating lipid profile parameters. The histopathological findings revealed the improvements in pancreas and liver cells due to the repercussion of PGE and PGAg NPs. A compelling effect was observed in all doses of PGE and PGAg NPs; however, PGAg NPs exhibited a more promising result. Thus, from the results, it is concluded that the synthesized PGAg NPs has potent antidiabetic activity due to its enhanced surface area and smaller particle size of nanoparticles.
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17
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Hosny NM. Insights into the lipophilicity of four commonly prescribed antidiabetic drugs and their simultaneous analysis using a simple TLC-spectrodensitometric method: Application to fixed-dose combination tablets and human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1206:123341. [PMID: 35834870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The retention and lipophilicity characteristics of four oral antidiabetic drugs namely; Metformin (MET), Linagliptin (LIN), Empagliflozin (EMP), and Dapagliflozin (DAP) were evaluated by a facile TLC-spectrodensitometric method. The developed method was validated and employed for simultaneous determination of the investigated drugs in their synthetic quaternary mixture, single- and multi-component tablets, and human plasma. The separation of the cited drugs was achieved using silica gel G 60F254-TLC plates and a mobile system consisting of n-butanol: water: glacial acetic acid (7: 3: 1, v/v/v). After scanning at 234 nm, good linearities (10.0-2000.0 ng/band for each drug) and correlation coefficients (r = 0.99882-0.99972) with lower limits of detection and quantitation (2.17-3.58 and 6.57-10.85 ng/band, respectively) were statistically calculated. The obtained recoveries (98.35-101.38%) proved the wide applicability of the established method for concurrent estimation of the studied antidiabetics in fixed-dose combination tablets and human plasma. Besides, the present work was extended to estimate the lipophilicity parameters of the targeted drugs. Molecular lipophilicity (RM), relative lipophilicity (RM0), and lipophilic descriptor (C0) were calculated for MET, LIN, EMP, and DAP. Good correlations (r = 0.8729-0.9933) between the chromatographic retention data and molecular descriptors of the studied drugs were attained. The obtained results confirmed the poor lipophilicity of MET and LIN compared to EMP and DAP. Lastly, understanding the lipophilicity of the cited drugs may be promising for the future design of safer and more effective formulations for diabetes mellitus, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Over and above, this work may be further applied to QSAR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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18
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Circadian rhythm of lipid metabolism. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:1191-1204. [PMID: 35604112 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipids comprise a diverse group of metabolites that are indispensable as energy storage molecules, cellular membrane components and mediators of inter- and intra-cellular signaling processes. Lipid homeostasis plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic health in mammals including human beings. A growing body of evidence suggests that the circadian clock system ensures temporal orchestration of lipid homeostasis, and that perturbation of such diurnal regulation leads to the development of metabolic disorders comprising obesity and type 2 diabetes. In view of the emerging role of circadian regulation in maintaining lipid homeostasis, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge on lipid metabolic pathways controlled by the mammalian circadian system. Furthermore, we review the emerging connection between the development of human metabolic diseases and changes in lipid metabolites that belong to major classes of lipids. Finally, we highlight the mechanisms underlying circadian organization of lipid metabolic rhythms upon the physiological situation, and the consequences of circadian clock dysfunction for dysregulation of lipid metabolism.
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19
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Brown TM, Brainard GC, Cajochen C, Czeisler CA, Hanifin JP, Lockley SW, Lucas RJ, Münch M, O’Hagan JB, Peirson SN, Price LLA, Roenneberg T, Schlangen LJM, Skene DJ, Spitschan M, Vetter C, Zee PC, Wright KP. Recommendations for daytime, evening, and nighttime indoor light exposure to best support physiology, sleep, and wakefulness in healthy adults. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001571. [PMID: 35298459 PMCID: PMC8929548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular light exposure has important influences on human health and well-being through modulation of circadian rhythms and sleep, as well as neuroendocrine and cognitive functions. Prevailing patterns of light exposure do not optimally engage these actions for many individuals, but advances in our understanding of the underpinning mechanisms and emerging lighting technologies now present opportunities to adjust lighting to promote optimal physical and mental health and performance. A newly developed, international standard provides a SI-compliant way of quantifying the influence of light on the intrinsically photosensitive, melanopsin-expressing, retinal neurons that mediate these effects. The present report provides recommendations for lighting, based on an expert scientific consensus and expressed in an easily measured quantity (melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (melaponic EDI)) defined within this standard. The recommendations are supported by detailed analysis of the sensitivity of human circadian, neuroendocrine, and alerting responses to ocular light and provide a straightforward framework to inform lighting design and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Brown
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - George C. Brainard
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charles A. Czeisler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John P. Hanifin
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Steven W. Lockley
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Lucas
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Münch
- Centre for Chronobiology, University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - John B. O’Hagan
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart N. Peirson
- Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luke L. A. Price
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Till Roenneberg
- Institutes for Medical Psychology and Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Luc J. M. Schlangen
- Human Technology Interaction Group, Department of Industrial Engineering and Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Intelligent Lighting Institute, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Debra J. Skene
- Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Spitschan
- Translational Sensory & Circadian Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
- TUM Department of Sport and Health Sciences (TUM SG), Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Céline Vetter
- Circadian and Sleep Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Phyllis C. Zee
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kenneth P. Wright
- Sleep and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
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Aliani C, Rossi E, Francia P, Bocchi L. Vascular ageing and peripheral pulse: an improved model for assessing their relationship. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34847545 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac3e87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Vascular ageing is associated with several alterations, including arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. Such alterations represent an independent factor in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In our previous works we demonstrated the alterations occurring in the vascular system are themselves reflected in the shape of the peripheral waveform; thus, a model that describes the waveform as a sum of Gaussian curves provides a set of parameters that successfully discriminate betweenunder(≤35 years old) andoversubjects (>35 years old). In the present work, we explored the feasibility of a new decomposition model, based on a sum of exponential pulses, applied to the same problem.Approach.The first processing step extracts each pulsation from the input signal and removes the long-term trend using a cubic spline with nodes between consecutive pulsations. After that, a Least Squares fitting algorithm determines the set of optimal model parameters that best approximates each single pulse. The vector of model parameters gives a compact representation of the pulse waveform that constitutes the basis for the classification step. Each subject is associated to his/her 'representative' pulse waveform, obtained by averaging the vector parameters corresponding to all pulses. Finally, a Bayesan classifier has been designed to discriminate the waveforms of under and over subjects, using the leave-one-subject-out validation method.Main results.Results indicate that the fitting procedure reaches a rate of 96% in under subjects and 95% in over subjects and that the Bayesan classifier is able to correctly classify 91% of the subjects with a specificity of 94% and a sensibility of 84%.Significance.This study shows a sensible vascular age estimation accuracy with a multi-exponential model, which may help to predict CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Aliani
- Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Eva Rossi
- Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | - Leonardo Bocchi
- Dept. of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Italy
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Effect of Physical Activity, Smoking, and Sleep on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Observational and Intervention Studies. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010076. [PMID: 35011817 PMCID: PMC8745211 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for several pathologies, restricting one’s health span, and promoting chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases), as well as cancer. Telomeres are regions of repetitive DNA located at chromosomal ends. Telomere length has been inversely associated with chronological age and has been considered, for a long time, a good biomarker of aging. Several lifestyle factors have been linked with telomere shortening or maintenance. However, the consistency of results is hampered by some methodological issues, including study design, sample size, measurement approaches, and population characteristics, among others. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the current literature on the effects of three relevant lifestyle factors on telomere length in human adults: physical activity, smoking, and sleep. We conducted a qualitative systematic review of observational and intervention studies using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The systematic literature search covered articles published in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (from 2010 to 2020). A total of 1400 studies were identified; 83 were included after quality control. Although fewer sedentary activities, optimal sleep habits, and non- or ex-smoker status have been associated with less telomere shortening, several methodological issues were detected, including the need for more targeted interventions and standardized protocols to better understand how physical activity and sleep can impact telomere length and aging. We discuss the main findings and current limitations to gain more insights into the influence of these lifestyle factors on the healthy aging process.
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