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Pérez-Calle V, Bellot S, Kuhnhäuser BG, Pillon Y, Forest F, Leitch IJ, Baker WJ. Phylogeny, biogeography and ecological diversification of New Caledonian palms (Arecaceae). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 134:85-100. [PMID: 38527418 PMCID: PMC11161567 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The geographical origin and evolutionary mechanisms underpinning the rich and distinctive New Caledonian flora remain poorly understood. This is attributable to the complex geological past of the island and to the scarcity of well-resolved species-level phylogenies. Here, we infer phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of New Caledonian palms, which comprise 40 species. We use this framework to elucidate the biogeography of New Caledonian palm lineages and to explore how extant species might have formed. METHODS A phylogenetic tree including 37 New Caledonian palm species and 77 relatives from tribe Areceae was inferred from 151 nuclear genes obtained by targeted sequencing. Fossil-calibrated divergence times were estimated and ancestral ranges inferred. Ancestral and extant ecological preferences in terms of elevation, precipitation and substrate were compared between New Caledonian sister species to explore their possible roles as drivers of speciation. KEY RESULTS New Caledonian palms form four well-supported clades, inside which relationships are well resolved. Our results support the current classification but suggest that Veillonia and Campecarpus should be resurrected and fail to clarify whether Rhopalostylidinae is sister to or nested in Basseliniinae. New Caledonian palm lineages are derived from New Guinean and Australian ancestors, which reached the island through at least three independent dispersal events between the Eocene and Miocene. Palms then dispersed out of New Caledonia at least five times, mainly towards Pacific islands. Geographical and ecological transitions associated with speciation events differed across time and genera. Substrate transitions were more frequently associated with older events than with younger ones. CONCLUSIONS Neighbouring areas and a mosaic of local habitats shaped the palm flora of New Caledonia, and the island played a significant role in generating palm diversity across the Pacific region. This new spatio-temporal framework will enable population-level ecological and genetic studies to unpick the mechanisms underpinning New Caledonian palm endemism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Pérez-Calle
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John’s, Newfoundland A1B 3X9, Canada
| | | | | | - Yohan Pillon
- DIADE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Félix Forest
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond TW9 3AE, UK
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Martens K, Almeida NMDE, Pll-Gergely B, Higuti J. On a new tribe, genus and species of Cypricercinae McKenzie, 1971 (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cyprididae) from New Caledonia (Pacific Ocean). Zootaxa 2023; 5375:451-477. [PMID: 38220809 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5375.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The New Caledonian Archipelago is a hot spot for biodiversity and endemism. Here, we describe Lithocypris peyia gen. et spec. nov. Martens, Almeida & Higuti from a single locality (a lithotelma, or rockpool) on Grande Terre, the main island of the archipelago. The new genus belongs to the subfamily Cypricercinae and to the new tribe Lithocypridini trib. nov. based on the absence of a groove and anterior inner lists in the left valve, on several aspects of the chaetotaxy, of the prehensile palps and of the hemipenis, and on the fact that the Triebels Loop is situated in the dorsal branch of the attachment of the caudal ramus. Lithocypris gen. nov. can further be distinguished from the other genera in the subfamily by a combination of features: carapace elongated in lateral view and narrow in dorsal view, left valve with a weak ventral and posterior inner list only, antennule with both Wouters and Rome organs, maxillula with elongated and rectangular second palp segment and very short sideways directed bristles, first thoracopod with setae a, b and d present and with female palp short and plump, second thoracopod with setae d1 and d2 very short, third thoracopod with seta f missing and Zenker organ with a crown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Martens
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences; Freshwater Biology; Vautierstraat 29; B-1000 Brussels; Belgium; Ghent University; Dept. Biology; K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35; B-9000 Ghent; Belgium.
| | - Nadiny Martins DE Almeida
- State University of Maring (UEM); Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB); Department of Biology (DBI); Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA). Av. Colombo; 5790; CEP 87020-900. Maring; PR; Brazil.
| | - Barna Pll-Gergely
- HUN-REN Centre for Agricultural Research; Herman Ott t 15; Budapest; H-1022; Hungary.
| | - Janet Higuti
- State University of Maring (UEM); Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB); Department of Biology (DBI); Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA). Av. Colombo; 5790; CEP 87020-900. Maring; PR; Brazil; State University of Maring (UEM); Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB); Centre of Research in Limnology; Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nuplia). Av. Colombo; 5790; CEP 87020-900. Maring; PR; Brazil.
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3
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Martens K, Ferreira VG, de Almeida NM, Higuti J. On Caledromusrobinsmithi, a new genus and species of Psychrodromini Martens, 2001 (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Herpetocypridinae) from New Caledonia (Pacific Ocean). Zookeys 2023; 1165:155-182. [PMID: 37304571 PMCID: PMC10251247 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1165.104045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The New Caledonian Archipelago is a hot spot for biodiversity and endemism. Whereas popular groups such as birds and plants are well-studied, invertebrate groups such as ostracods remain ill-known. Here, Caledromusrobinsmithigen. et sp. nov. is described from a single locality on 'Grande Terre', the main island of the archipelago. The new genus belongs to the Psychrodromini, one of the four tribes in the subfamily Herpetocypridinae (family Cyprididae). Caledromusgen. nov. can be distinguished from all other herpetocypridinids by a combination of the following factors: the absence of marginal septa in both valves, the mildly developed marginal valve structures, the small Rome organ on the A1, the total reduction of the five natatory setae on the A2, the rectangular second palp segment of the Mx1, the broad and asymmetrical palp on the female T1, the absence of additional postlabyrinthal coils in the Hp and the seta Sp of the CR which is a fixed spine. Because of the close similarity to the genus Psychrodromus, the new genus is thought to have Palaearctic affinities, contrary to other ostracod species in New Caledonia, which are either circumtropical or with Australian zoogeographical connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Martens
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Freshwater Biology, Vautierstraat 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Ghent University, Dept. Biology, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vitor Góis Ferreira
- State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB), Department of Biology (DBI), Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Nadiny Martins de Almeida
- State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB), Department of Biology (DBI), Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Janet Higuti
- State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Biological Sciences (CCB), Department of Biology (DBI), Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP 87020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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Mera-Rodríguez D, Jourdan H, Ward PS, Shattuck S, Cover SP, Wilson EO, Rabeling C. Biogeography and evolution of social parasitism in Australian Myrmecia bulldog ants revealed by phylogenomics. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2023:107825. [PMID: 37244505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2023.107825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Studying the historical biogeography and life history transitions from eusocial colony life to social parasitism contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary mechanisms generating biodiversity in eusocial insects. The ants in the genus Myrmecia are a well-suited system for testing evolutionary hypotheses about how their species diversity was assembled through time because the genus is endemic to Australia with the single exception of the species M. apicalis inhabiting the Pacific Island of New Caledonia, and because at least one social parasite species exists in the genus. However, the evolutionary mechanisms underlying the disjunct biogeographic distribution of M. apicalis and the life history transition(s) to social parasitism remain unexplored. To study the biogeographic origin of the isolated, oceanic species M. apicalis and to reveal the origin and evolution of social parasitism in the genus, we reconstructed a comprehensive phylogeny of the ant subfamily Myrmeciinae. We utilized Ultra Conserved Elements (UCEs) as molecular markers to generate a comprehensive molecular genetic dataset consisting of 2,287 loci per taxon on average for 66 out of the 93 known Myrmecia species as well as for the sister lineage Nothomyrmecia macrops and selected outgroups. Our time-calibrated phylogeny inferred that: (i) stem Myrmeciinae originated during the Paleocene ∼58 Ma ago; (ii) the current disjunct biogeographic distribution of M. apicalis was driven by long-distance dispersal from Australia to New Caledonia during the Miocene ∼14 Ma ago; (iii) the single social parasite species, M. inquilina, evolved directly from one of the two known host species, M. nigriceps, in sympatry via the intraspecific route of social parasite evolution; and (iv) 5 of the 9 previously established taxonomic species groups are non-monophyletic. We suggest minor changes to reconcile the molecular phylogenetic results with the taxonomic classification. Our study enhances our understanding of the evolution and biogeography of Australian bulldog ants, contributes to our knowledge about the evolution of social parasitism in ants, and provides a solid phylogenetic foundation for future inquiries into the biology, taxonomy, and classification of Myrmeciinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mera-Rodríguez
- Social Insect Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University. 550 E Orange St., Tempe, AZ 85281, United States of America; Department of Integrative Taxonomy of Insects, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim. Garbenstraße 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; KomBioTa - Center for Biodiversity and Integrative Taxonomy, University of Hohenheim and State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Hervé Jourdan
- Institute of Research for Development. Promenade Roger Laroque, Nouméa 98848, New Caledonia
| | - Philip S Ward
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Steven Shattuck
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America
| | - Stefan P Cover
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America
| | - Edward O Wilson
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America
| | - Christian Rabeling
- Social Insect Research Group, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University. 550 E Orange St., Tempe, AZ 85281, United States of America; Department of Integrative Taxonomy of Insects, Institute of Biology, University of Hohenheim. Garbenstraße 30, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; KomBioTa - Center for Biodiversity and Integrative Taxonomy, University of Hohenheim and State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Germany; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States of America.
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Hrivniak Ľ, Sartori M, Sroka P, Bojková J. Big diversity in a small hotspot: two new species of Leptophlebiidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from New Caledonia. Zookeys 2023; 1143:71-88. [DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1143.96148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new species from Grande Terre Island, New Caledonia, namely Fasciamirus petersorumsp. nov. and Simulacala rarasp. nov. are described based on larval morphology and molecular data (COI sequences). Fasciamirus petersorumsp. nov. is distributed in the southern part of the island and is characterised by a reduced third segment of the labial palps and all abdominal gills divided from the base. The species inhabits slow-flowing aquatic habitats with fine-grained substrate in forest brooks. Simulacala rarasp. nov. is known from a single locality in the northern part of the island and is characterised by narrow and distinctly elongated abdominal gills 1–7. It was collected from fine substrates behind stones in riffles with slightly turbulent flow. Both species were recorded only in areas with ultramafic bedrock.
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Garrouste R, Munzinger J, Leslie A, Fisher J, Folcher N, Locatelli E, Foy W, Chaillon T, Cantrill DJ, Maurizot P, Cluzel D, Lowry PP, Crane P, Bahain JJ, Voinchet P, Jourdan H, Grandcolas P, Nel A. New fossil discoveries illustrate the diversity of past terrestrial ecosystems in New Caledonia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18388. [PMID: 34526644 PMCID: PMC8443626 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97938-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
New Caledonia was, until recently, considered an old continental island harbouring a rich biota with outstanding Gondwanan relicts. However, deep marine sedimentation and tectonic evidence suggest complete submergence of the island during the latest Cretaceous to the Paleocene. Molecular phylogenies provide evidence for some deeply-diverging clades that may predate the Eocene and abundant post-Oligocene colonisation events. Extinction and colonization biases, as well as survival of some groups in refuges on neighbouring paleo-islands, may have obscured biogeographic trends over long time scales. Fossil data are therefore crucial for understanding the history of the New Caledonian biota, but occurrences are sparse and have received only limited attention. Here we describe five exceptional fossil assemblages that provide important new insights into New Caledonia's terrestrial paleobiota from three key time intervals: prior to the submersion of the island, following re-emergence, and prior to Pleistocene climatic shifts. These will be of major importance for elucidating changes in New Caledonia's floristic composition over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Garrouste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'histoire Naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 45 rue Buffon, CP50, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Munzinger
- AMAP, Université Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrew Leslie
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way450 Jane Stanford Way, Building 320, Room 118, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jessica Fisher
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Nicolas Folcher
- Institut des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, BP R4, 98850, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | | | - Wyndy Foy
- AMAP, Université Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Thibault Chaillon
- AMAP, Université Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - David J Cantrill
- Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Pierre Maurizot
- Service Géologique de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, 1 ter rue Unger, BP M2, 98849, Nouméa Cédex, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Dominique Cluzel
- Institut des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, BP R4, 98850, Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Porter P Lowry
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'histoire Naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 45 rue Buffon, CP50, 75005, Paris, France
- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Peter Crane
- Oak Spring Garden Foundation, 1776 Loughborough Lane, Upperville, VA, 20184, USA
| | - Jean-Jacques Bahain
- Histoire Naturelle de L'Homme Préhistorique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UPDV, 1 rue René Panhard, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Voinchet
- Histoire Naturelle de L'Homme Préhistorique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, UPDV, 1 rue René Panhard, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Jourdan
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale, (UMR CNRS 7263/IRD 237), Centre IRD de Nouméa, BP A5, 98848, Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie
| | - Philippe Grandcolas
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'histoire Naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 45 rue Buffon, CP50, 75005, Paris, France
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Muséum National d'histoire Naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 45 rue Buffon, CP50, 75005, Paris, France.
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Schoville SD, Simon S, Bai M, Beethem Z, Dudko RY, Eberhard MJB, Frandsen PB, Küpper SC, Machida R, Verheij M, Willadsen PC, Zhou X, Wipfler B. Comparative transcriptomics of ice-crawlers demonstrates cold specialization constrains niche evolution in a relict lineage. Evol Appl 2021; 14:360-382. [PMID: 33664782 PMCID: PMC7896716 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Key changes in ecological niche space are often critical to understanding how lineages diversify during adaptive radiations. However, the converse, or understanding why some lineages are depauperate and relictual, is more challenging, as many factors may constrain niche evolution. In the case of the insect order Grylloblattodea, highly conserved thermal breadth is assumed to be closely tied to their relictual status, but has not been formerly tested. Here, we investigate whether evolutionary constraints in the physiological tolerance of temperature can help explain relictualism in this lineage. Using a comparative transcriptomics approach, we investigate gene expression following acute heat and cold stress across members of Grylloblattodea and their sister group, Mantophasmatodea. We additionally examine patterns of protein evolution, to identify candidate genes of positive selection. We demonstrate that cold specialization in Grylloblattodea has been accompanied by the loss of the inducible heat shock response under both acute heat and cold stress. Additionally, there is widespread evidence of selection on protein-coding genes consistent with evolutionary constraints due to cold specialization. This includes positive selection on genes involved in trehalose transport, metabolic function, mitochondrial function, oxygen reduction, oxidative stress, and protein synthesis. These patterns of molecular adaptation suggest that Grylloblattodea have undergone evolutionary trade-offs to survive in cold habitats and should be considered highly vulnerable to climate change. Finally, our transcriptomic data provide a robust backbone phylogeny for generic relationships within Grylloblattodea and Mantophasmatodea. Major phylogenetic splits in each group relate to arid conditions driving biogeographical patterns, with support for a sister-group relationship between North American Grylloblatta and Altai-Sayan Grylloblattella, and a range disjunction in Namibia splitting major clades within Mantophasmatodea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabrina Simon
- Biosystematics GroupWageningen University & ResearchPB WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and EvolutionInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zachary Beethem
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
- Present address:
Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Roman Y. Dudko
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of AnimalsSiberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirskRussia
- Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Monika J. B. Eberhard
- Zoological Institute and MuseumGeneral Zoology and Zoological SystematicsUniversity of GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Paul B. Frandsen
- Department of Plant & Wildlife SciencesBrigham Young UniversityProvoUTUSA
- Data Science LabOffice of the Chief Information OfficerSmithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCU.S.A
| | - Simon C. Küpper
- Zoological Institute and MuseumGeneral Zoology and Zoological SystematicsUniversity of GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany
| | - Ryuichiro Machida
- Sugadaira Research StationMountain Science CenterUniversity of TsukubaUeda, NaganoJapan
| | - Max Verheij
- Biosystematics GroupWageningen University & ResearchPB WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Peter C. Willadsen
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
- Present address:
Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityCampus Box 7613RaleighNCUSA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of EntomologyCollege of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Gimmel ML, Szawaryn K, Cai C, Leschen RAB. Mesozoic sooty mould beetles as living relicts in New Zealand. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20192176. [PMID: 31847777 PMCID: PMC6939926 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
New Zealand is an island continent that completed its split from the Gondwanan continent at 52 Ma, harbouring an iconic biota of tuatara, kiwi and weta. The sooty mould community is a distinctive trophic element of New Zealand forest ecosystems that is driven by plant-feeding sternorrhynchan Hemiptera. These produce honeydew, which supports fungal growth, which in turn supports numerous endemic invertebrates, including endemic New Zealand beetle families. Ancient New Zealand insect fossils are rare but a single fossil of a sooty mould cyclaxyrid was recently described from Cretaceous Burmese amber, a family that was previously known from two extant New Zealand species. Well-preserved fossils like this one are recasting Earth history, and, based on a wealth of additional specimens, we re-evaluate the taxonomy of Cretaceous cyclaxyrids and one Eocene species here transferred to Cyclaxyridae. Cyclaxyridae are highly tied to the sooty mould community and have now been discovered to occur in disparate biogeographic realms in deep time. Our discovery indicates that the family, and perhaps the sooty mould community in general, was widespread in Pangaea from at least the Cretaceous and survived as a relict in New Zealand. Persistence of a sooty mould ecosystem in New Zealand and fungal specialization may not necessarily be an evolutionary 'dead-end' for cyclaxyrids and other insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Gimmel
- Invertebrate Zoology Department, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA
| | - Karol Szawaryn
- Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Chenyang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Richard A. B. Leschen
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Zealand Arthropod Collection, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand
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Rawlence NJ, Scofield RP, McGlone MS, Knapp M. History Repeats: Large Scale Synchronous Biological Turnover in Avifauna From the Plio-Pleistocene and Late Holocene of New Zealand. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Heads M. Recent advances in New Caledonian biogeography. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:957-980. [PMID: 30523662 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The biota of New Caledonia is one of the most unusual in the world. It displays high diversity and endemism, many peculiar absences, and far-flung biogeographic affinities. For example, New Caledonia is the only place on Earth with both main clades of flowering plants - the endemic Amborella and 'all the rest', and it also has the highest concentration of diversity in conifers. The discovery of Amborella's phylogenetic position led to a surge of interest in New Caledonian biogeography, and new studies are appearing at a rapid rate. This paper reviews work on the topic (mainly molecular studies) published since 2013. One current debate is focused on whether any biota survived the marine transgressions of the Paleocene and Eocene. Total submersion would imply that the entire fauna was derived by long-distance dispersal from continental areas since the Eocene, but only if no other islands (now submerged) were emergent. A review of the literature suggests there is little actual evidence in geology for complete submersion. An alternative explanation for New Caledonia's diversity is that the archipelago acted as a refugium, and that the biota avoided the extinctions that occurred in Australia. However, this is contradicted by the many groups that are anomalously absent or depauperate in New Caledonia, although represented there by a sister group. The anomalous absences, together with the unusual levels of endemism, can both be explained by vicariance at breaks in and around New Caledonia. New Caledonia has always been situated at or near a plate boundary, and its complex geological history includes the addition of new terranes (by accretion), orogeny, and rifting. New Caledonia comprises 'basement' terranes that were part of Gondwana, as well as island arc and forearc terranes that accreted to the basement after it separated from Gondwana. The regional tectonic history helps explain the regional biogeography, as well as distribution patterns within New Caledonia. These include endemics on the basement terranes (for example, the basal angiosperm, Amborella), disjunctions at the West Caledonian fault zone, and great biotic differences between Grande Terre and the Loyalty Islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heads
- Buffalo Museum of Science, Buffalo, NY 14211-1293, U.S.A
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11
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Kallal RJ, Hormiga G. Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian leaf-curling orb-weaving spiders (Araneae: Araneidae: Zygiellinae), with a comparative analysis of retreat evolution. Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zly014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kallal
- The George Washington University, Department of Biological Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Gustavo Hormiga
- The George Washington University, Department of Biological Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA
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12
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Nattier R, Pellens R, Robillard T, Jourdan H, Legendre F, Caesar M, Nel A, Grandcolas P. Updating the Phylogenetic Dating of New Caledonian Biodiversity with a Meta-analysis of the Available Evidence. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3705. [PMID: 28623347 PMCID: PMC5473893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For a long time, New Caledonia was considered a continental island, a fragment of Gondwana harbouring old clades that originated by vicariance and so were thought to be locally ancient. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies dating diversification and geological data indicating important events of submergence during the Paleocene and Eocene (until 37 Ma) brought evidence to dismiss this old hypothesis. In spite of this, some authors still insist on the idea of a local permanence of a Gondwanan biota, justifying this assumption through a complex scenario of survival by hopping to and from nearby and now-vanished islands. Based on a comprehensive review of the literature, we found 40 studies dating regional clades of diverse organisms and we used them to test the hypothesis that New Caledonian and inclusive Pacific island clades are older than 37 Ma. The results of this meta-analysis provide strong evidence for refuting the hypothesis of a Gondwanan refuge with a biota that originated by vicariance. Only a few inclusive Pacific clades (6 out of 40) were older than the oldest existing island. We suggest that these clades could have extinct members either on vanished islands or nearby continents, emphasizing the role of dispersal and extinction in shaping the present-day biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Nattier
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Roseli Pellens
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Tony Robillard
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Jourdan
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Univ., Univ. Avignon, CNRS, IRD, Centre IRD Nouméa, BP A5, 98848, Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Frédéric Legendre
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Maram Caesar
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Grandcolas
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
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13
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Toussaint EFA, Tänzler R, Balke M, Riedel A. Transoceanic origin of microendemic and flightless New Caledonian weevils. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:160546. [PMID: 28680653 PMCID: PMC5493895 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The origin of the astonishing New Caledonian biota continues to fuel a heated debate among advocates of a Gondwanan relict scenario and defenders of late oceanic dispersal. Here, we study the origin of New Caledonian Trigonopterus flightless weevils using a multimarker molecular phylogeny. We infer two independent clades of species found in the archipelago. Our dating estimates suggest a Late Miocene origin of both clades long after the re-emergence of New Caledonia about 37 Ma. The estimation of ancestral ranges supports an ancestral origin of the genus in a combined region encompassing Australia and New Guinea with subsequent colonizations of New Caledonia out of New Guinea in the mid-Miocene. The two New Caledonian lineages have had very different evolutionary trajectories. Colonizers belonging to a clade of foliage dwellers greatly diversified, whereas species inhabiting leaf-litter have been less successful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rene Tänzler
- SNSB-Zoological State Collection (ZSM), Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Balke
- SNSB-Zoological State Collection (ZSM), Münchhausenstrasse 21, 81247 Munich, Germany
- GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Riedel
- Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe (SMNK), Erbprinzenstrasse 13, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
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