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Electrochemical Characterization and Voltammetric Determination of Methylisothiazolinone on a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249013. [PMID: 36558143 PMCID: PMC9782135 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical properties of methylisothiazolinone (MIT), the most widely used preservative, were investigated by cyclic (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) to develop a new method for its determination. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a voltammetric procedure for the determination of MIT on a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDDE) in a citrate-phosphate buffer (C-PB) environment. The anodic oxidation process of methylisothiazolinone, which is the basis of this method, proved to be diffusion-controlled and proceeded with an irreversible two-electron exchange. The radical cations, as unstable primary products, were converted in subsequent chemical reactions to sulfoxides and sulfones, and finally to more stable final products. Performed determinations were based on the DPV technique. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range from 0.7 to 18.7 mg L-1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The proposed procedure was accurate and precise, allowing the detection of MIT at a concentration level of 0.24 mg L-1. It successfully demonstrated its suitability for the determination of methylisothiazolinone in household products without the need for any separation steps. The proposed method can serve as an alternative to the prevailing chromatographic determinations of MIT in real samples.
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2
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Özkaya E, Elinç Aslan MS. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis: A 24-year, retrospective cohort study from Turkey. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:503-513. [PMID: 34263479 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exist on occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) in Turkey. OBJECTIVES To investigate the epidemiologic profile of OACD in Turkey. METHODS A retrospective cohort study on 294 patients with OACD among 2801 consecutively patch-tested patients in the Allergy Unit of the Dermatology Department of İstanbul Faculty of Medicine between 1996 and 2019. RESULTS The overall prevalence of OACD was 10.5%, showing a male predominance. OACD was most frequently seen in construction workers (45.2%), followed by hairdressers, metalworkers, health care workers, and miscellaneous. The main relevant allergens were chromium in cement, thiurams in rubber gloves, hairdressing chemicals, resins/glues/plastics, metals, isothiazolinones, and fragrances. Hands were the mainly involved site (95.6%). Airborne eczema was observed in 21.4%. Hand and foot eczema and co-sensitizations to chrome and thiuram and chrome and cobalt were significantly associated with being a construction worker. Sensitizations to isothiazolinones in house painters, ammonium persulfate and p-phenylenediamine in hairdressers, and colophonium increased after 2010. CONCLUSION This was the largest group of data on OACD from Turkey, reflecting the importance of rubber glove allergy in all occupations and the striking increase in ammonium persulfate allergy among hairdressers. Chrome and cobalt were still the main cement allergens in Turkey, where the cement directive is not yet in force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Özkaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Meryem Sevinç Elinç Aslan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Dermatology, Saltat Klinik, İstanbul, Turkey
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3
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Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Peterson LA, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Heldreth B. Amended Safety Assessment of Methylchloroisothiazolinone and Methylisothiazolinone as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2021; 40:20S-33S. [PMID: 34259066 DOI: 10.1177/10915818211016382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) reassessed the safety of the mixture Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/Methylisothiazolinone (MI), which functions as a preservative in cosmetic products. The Panel reviewed relevant animal and human data provided in this safety assessment, and data from the previously published safety assessment of this mixture, and concluded that MCI/MI is safe in cosmetics when formulated to be nonsensitizing, based on the results of a quantitative risk assessment or similar methodology; however, at no point should concentrations exceed 7.5 ppm in leave-on products or 15 ppm in rinse-off products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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4
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Milam EC, Nassau S, Banta E, Fonacier L, Cohen DE. Occupational Contact Dermatitis: An Update. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 8:3283-3293. [PMID: 33161959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Occupation contact dermatitis (CD) is a common inflammatory skin condition impacting every professional industry in the United States. It is associated with significant personal and professional distress, loss of revenue, and decreased productivity. Occupational CD is further subdivided into irritant CD and allergic CD. Frequently, workers may suffer from a combination of both types. Numerous workplace exposures are implicated, but there are several themes across professions, such as CD related to frequent handwashing and wet work. A detailed occupational history, physical examination, and patch testing can help to make the diagnosis. Treatment includes identification of the substance and avoidance, which often is quite challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Milam
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.
| | - Stacy Nassau
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, NYU-Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, NY
| | - Erin Banta
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, NYU-Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, NY
| | - Luz Fonacier
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, NYU-Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, NY
| | - David E Cohen
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
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5
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DeKoven JG, DeKoven BM, Warshaw EM, Mathias CGT, Taylor JS, Sasseville D, Belsito DV, Fowler JF, Pratt MD, Zug KA, Maibach HI, DeLeo VA, Silverberg JI, Atwater AR, Reeder MJ, Holness DL. Occupational contact dermatitis: Retrospective analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group Data, 2001 to 2016. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 86:782-790. [PMID: 33753252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patch testing is an important diagnostic tool for suspected allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in occupational settings. OBJECTIVE Provide an overview of occupational skin disease (OSD) and an analysis of occupational ACD in North American patients undergoing patch testing between 2001and 2016. METHODS Patients with OSD were analyzed for frequency of allergic reactions to a screening series of allergens, occupational relevance, location of skin disease, and exposure sources. Demographic, occupation, and industry information were recorded. RESULTS Of 38,614 patients evaluated, 4471 (11.6%) had OSD, of whom 3150 (70.5%) had ACD. The most common occupationally related allergens included rubber accelerators, preservatives, and bisphenol A epoxy resin. Hands (75.8%), arms (30.0%), and face (15.9%) were common sites of dermatitis. The occupations most affected were service workers and machine operators. LIMITATIONS Our cohort may not reflect the general working population. CONCLUSION This study identified common occupational allergens, exposure sources, and occupations/industries at risk. This information may help the clinician evaluate and manage patients with occupational contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel G DeKoven
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Benjamin M DeKoven
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin M Warshaw
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - James S Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Denis Sasseville
- Division of Dermatology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Donald V Belsito
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University Irving Medical School, New York, New York
| | - Joseph F Fowler
- Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Melanie D Pratt
- Division of Dermatology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathryn A Zug
- Department of Dermatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Howard I Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Vincent A DeLeo
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan I Silverberg
- Department of Dermatology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Amber R Atwater
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Margo J Reeder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - D Linn Holness
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tous‐Romero F, Sánchez‐Velázquez A, Penalba‐Torres M, Ortiz de Frutos J. Allergic contact dermatitis to a rubber assembly lubricant. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:411-412. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Tous‐Romero
- Department of Dermatology Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
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7
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Özkaya E, Kılıç Sayar S, Babuna Kobaner G, Pehlivan G. Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone contact allergy: A 24-year, single-center, retrospective cohort study from Turkey. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 84:24-33. [PMID: 32691417 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) and MI allergy caused a global epidemic during the period 2010 to 2015, reaching its peak in 2013/14. OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of MCI/MI and MI allergy in Turkey over 24 years. METHODS A total of 2310 patients patch tested between 1996 and 2019 with MCI/MI 0.01% aq. or MCI/MI 0.02% aq., with or without MI 0.2% aq., were analyzed. RESULTS The overall prevalence of contact sensitization was 3.3% (n = 77) with a peak level of 16.4% in 2015. The prevalence gradually decreased thereafter, but was still high (6.5%) in 2019. Seventy-three patients had clinically relevant sensitizations. MI could detect clinically relevant sensitizations in all seven patients with a negative patch test reaction to MCI/MI 0.02%. Non-occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was most frequently seen, mainly in women, with hand/face eczema from rinse-off or leave-on cosmetics, such as wet wipes. Occupational ACD was mainly seen among men with airborne eczema from wall paints in house painters, or with hand eczema from hair gel/wax in men's barbers. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MCI/MI and MI sensitization in Turkey following the peak in 2015 is still high. This is probably due to the currently allowed level of 100 ppm for MI in rinse-off cosmetics. This needs to be urgently reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen Özkaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sıla Kılıç Sayar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Goncagül Babuna Kobaner
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Pehlivan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
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8
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Isothiazolinone Biocides: Chemistry, Biological, and Toxicity Profiles. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040991. [PMID: 32102175 PMCID: PMC7070760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of isothiazole and of compounds containing the isothiazole nucleus has been growing over the last few years. Isothiazolinones are used in cosmetic and as chemical additives for occupational and industrial usage due to their bacteriostatic and fungiostatic activity. Despite their effectiveness as biocides, isothiazolinones are strong sensitizers, producing skin irritations and allergies and may pose ecotoxicological hazards. Therefore, their use is restricted by EU legislation. Considering the relevance and importance of isothiazolinone biocides, the present review describes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding their synthesis, antibacterial components, toxicity (including structure–activity–toxicity relationships) outlines, and (photo)chemical stability. Due to the increasing prevalence and impact of isothiazolinones in consumer’s health, analytical methods for the identification and determination of this type of biocides were also discussed.
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Schnuch A, Schubert S, Lessmann H, Geier J, Beiteke U, Dissemond J, Buhl T, Schäkel K, Pföhler C, Dietrich C, Worm M, Bauer A, Kreft B, Schliemann S, Brockow K, Becker D, Forchhammer S, Recke A, Witte J, Pfützner W, Coras‐Stepanek B, Skudlik C, Wagner N, Aberer W, Emmert S, Baron JM, Siedlecki K, Baur V, Schmieder A, Weisshaar E, Grunwald‐Delitz H, Trautmann A, Hofmeier KS, Szliska C, Weiß J, Effendy I, Jünger M, Brehler R, Rueff F, Werfel T, Dickel H, Rieker‐Schwienbacher J, Vieluf D, Stadler R, Simon D, Fartasch M, Micaletto S, Treudler R, Nestoris S, Mechtel D, Schröder‐Kraft C, Löffler H, Gina M, Koch A, Raap U, Grabbe J, Spring P, Prager W, Wilfinger D. The methylisothiazolinone epidemic goes along with changing patients' characteristics – After cosmetics, industrial applications are the focus. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:87-93. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schnuch
- Information Network of Department of Dermatology (IVDK)Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Steffen Schubert
- Information Network of Department of Dermatology (IVDK)Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Holger Lessmann
- Information Network of Department of Dermatology (IVDK)Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Johannes Geier
- Information Network of Department of Dermatology (IVDK)Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
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10
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Gorris A, Valencak J, Schremser V, Bangert C, Kinaciyan T. Contact allergy to methylisothiazolinone with three clinical presentations in one patient. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:162-164. [PMID: 31403207 PMCID: PMC7027505 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Gorris
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Valencak
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Schremser
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Bangert
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamar Kinaciyan
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Pónyai G, Németh I, Nagy G, Fábos B, Irinyi B, Dinnyés M, Altmayer A, Temesvári E. Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone hypersensitivity in 1122 patients: A national multicenter study organized by the Hungarian Contact Dermatitis Group. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 81:467-469. [PMID: 31373004 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Györgyi Pónyai
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermato-Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ilona Németh
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermato-Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Nagy
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Beáta Fábos
- Department of Dermatology, Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Irinyi
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Debrecen - Medical Center, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mária Dinnyés
- Dermatology Outpatient Unit of Szt. László and Szt, István Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anita Altmayer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology of the Szent-Györgyi Albert Health Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Temesvári
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Dermato-Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an update on occupational contact dermatitis including gaps in knowledge and practice. Occupational contact dermatitis is the most common occupational skin disease. RECENT FINDINGS New sources of exposure for known allergens and new allergens are continually being reported. Through clinical databases and surveillance systems, effects of prevention efforts or introduction of new allergens or new uses of known allergens can be monitored. Though the diagnostic process is clear, there are delays in workers seeking care. As early detection and intervention improves outcomes, screening should be implemented. Gaps in primary prevention in the workplace are identified and should be addressed to reduce the burden of disease. Surveillance systems support the prevention mandate. Understanding limitations of our knowledge and identifying gaps in practice can lead to initiatives to address research and practice needs and improve prevention of occupational dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada. .,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada.
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Isothiazolinone in Residential Interior Wall Paint: A High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Dermatitis 2019; 29:332-338. [PMID: 30346324 DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited information regarding isothiazolinone content in residential wall paints in the United States. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of 5 isothiazolinones-methylisothiazolinone (MI), methylchloroisothiazolinone, benzisothiazolinone (BIT), butyl BIT, and octylisothiazolinone-in US residential wall paints. METHODS Forty-seven paints were obtained from retailers in Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota. Paint samples were assessed for the presence of the 5 isothiazolinones using high-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometry. RESULTS At least 1 isothiazolinone was detected in all 47 paints. However, no paint contained butyl BIT, and only 1 paint had octylisothiazolinone. The MI and BIT were found in 96% and 94% of the paints, respectively. Methylisothiazolinone ranged in concentration from 17 to 358 ppm, whereas BIT varied from 29 to 1111 ppm. Methylchloroisothiazolinone was found solely in oil-based paints. Isothiazolinones were declared in 15% of Safety Data Sheets but did not correlate with high-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometry. One "preservative-free" paint had BIT at 71.5 ppm. Paint sheen was not statistically associated with BIT or MI concentrations. Unpigmented paints and paints with volatile organic compound claims had significantly lower concentrations of MI, but not BIT. CONCLUSIONS All paints contained at least 1 isothiazolinone. Methylisothiazolinone and BIT were the most common. Safety Data Sheets are insufficient for ascertaining isothiazolinone content in US paints.
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Dusefante A, Mauro M, Belloni Fortina A, Corradin M, Larese Filon F. Contact allergy to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in north‐eastern Italy: a temporal trend from 1996 to 2016. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:912-917. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Dusefante
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine University of Trieste Trieste Italy
| | - M. Mauro
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine University of Trieste Trieste Italy
| | | | | | - F. Larese Filon
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine University of Trieste Trieste Italy
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15
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Sandvik A, Holm J. Severe allergic contact dermatitis in a detergent production worker caused by exposure to methylisothiazolinone. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 80:243-245. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anniken Sandvik
- Department of Environmental and Occupational MedicineOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Jan‐Øivind Holm
- Department of DermatologyOslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Institute of Clinical MedicineUniversity of Oslo Oslo Norway
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16
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Santiago L, Gonçalo M. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by Acticide MV, a brand name for the mixture methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 79:46-47. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Santiago
- Department of Dermatology; Coimbra University Hospital; Coimbra Portugal
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology; Coimbra University Hospital; Coimbra Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
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17
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The Role of Cleaning Products in Epidemic Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone. Dermatitis 2018; 29:77-80. [PMID: 29494393 DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensitivity to methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI) has increased rapidly over recent years. This increase is mainly related to the extensive use of high concentrations of MI in cosmetic products, although a growing number of cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis are caused by MCI/MI. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association between the increase in MCI/MI sensitization and the work performed by the patients in our area. METHODS A retrospective study was undertaken of the records of a total of 1179 patients who had undergone contact skin patch tests for MCI/MI from January 2005 to December 2015. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors independently associated with sensitivity to MCI/MI. RESULTS A constant increase in MCI/MI sensitization was observed over the observation period. The only work associated with a significant increase in the prevalence of MCI/MI sensitization was cleaning, with 38.5% of the cleaning professionals with MCI/MI sensitization consulting for cosmetics-related dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS Occupational sensitization to MCI/MI in cleaning professionals is worryingly increasing. This, in turn, could possibly account for many cases of cosmetics-associated contact dermatitis. Our findings suggest that a review of the regulations with regard to isothiazolinone concentrations in industrial and household detergents is necessary.
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18
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Todberg T, Opstrup MS, Johansen JD, Hald M. Occupational facial contact dermatitis caused by methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in a stainless steel aerosol spray. Contact Dermatitis 2017; 77:173-174. [PMID: 28766799 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Todberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Morten S Opstrup
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, National Allergy Research Centre, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Marianne Hald
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
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Ex vivo human skin permeation of methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI). Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3529-3542. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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The Health and Occupation Research Network: An Evolving Surveillance System. Saf Health Work 2017; 8:231-236. [PMID: 28951798 PMCID: PMC5605884 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vital to the prevention of work-related ill-health (WRIH) is the availability of good quality data regarding WRIH burden and risks. Physician-based surveillance systems such as The Health and Occupation Research (THOR) network in the UK are often established in response to limitations of statutory, compensation-based systems for addressing certain epidemiological aspects of disease surveillance. However, to fulfil their purpose, THOR and others need to have methodologic rigor in capturing and ascertaining cases. This article describes how data collected by THOR and analogous systems can inform WRIH incidence, trends, and other determinants. An overview of the different strands of THOR research is provided, including methodologic advancements facilitated by increased data quantity/quality over time and the value of the research outputs for informing Government and other policy makers. In doing so, the utility of data collected by systems such as THOR to address a wide range of research questions, both in relation to WRIH and to wider issues of public and social health, is demonstrated.
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Schwensen JF, Uter W, Bruze M, Svedman C, Goossens A, Wilkinson M, Giménez Arnau A, Gonçalo M, Andersen KE, Paulsen E, Agner T, Foti C, Aalto-Korte K, McFadden J, White I, Johansen JD. The epidemic of methylisothiazolinone: a European prospective study. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 76:272-279. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob F. Schwensen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; 2900 Hellerup Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology; University of Erlangen/Nürnberg; 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University, Skåne University Hospital; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - An Goossens
- Contact Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology; University Hospital KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Mark Wilkinson
- Department of dermatology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust; Leeds LS7 4SA UK
| | - Ana Giménez Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08003 Barcelona Spain
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra; 3000-075 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Klaus E. Andersen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark; 5000 Odense Denmark
- Centre for Innovative Medical Technology, Institute of Clinical Research; Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark; 5000 Odense Denmark
| | - Evy Paulsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre; Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark; 5000 Odense Denmark
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology; University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital; 2400 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Caterina Foti
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology; University of Bari; 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Kristiina Aalto-Korte
- Occupational Medicine; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; 00250 Helsinki Finland
| | - John McFadden
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; St Thomas' Hospital; London SE1 7EH UK
| | - Ian White
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; St Thomas' Hospital; London SE1 7EH UK
| | - Jeanne D. Johansen
- Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Gentofte Hospital; University of Copenhagen; 2900 Hellerup Denmark
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Pontén A, Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Hauksson I, Isaksson M. Concomitant contact allergies to formaldehyde, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, and fragrance mixes I and II. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 75:285-289. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 214 28 Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 214 28 Malmö Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 214 28 Malmö Sweden
| | - Inese Hauksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 214 28 Malmö Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 214 28 Malmö Sweden
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