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Martínez-Núñez C, Martínez-Prentice R, García-Navas V. Protected area coverage of vulnerable regions to conserve functional diversity of birds. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2023; 37:e14131. [PMID: 37259609 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Global-change drivers are increasing the rates of species extinction worldwide, posing a serious threat to ecosystem functioning. Preserving the functional diversity of species is currently a priority to mitigate abrupt biodiversity loss in the coming decades. Therefore, understanding what factors better predict functional diversity loss in bird assemblages at a global scale and how existing protected areas cover the most vulnerable regions is of key importance for conservation. We examined the environmental factors associated with the risk of functional diversity loss under 3 scenarios of bird species extinction based on species distribution range size, generation length, and International Union for the Conservation of Nature conservation status. Then, we identified regions that deserve special conservation focus. We also assessed how efficiently extant terrestrial protected areas preserve particularly vulnerable bird assemblages based on predicted scenarios of extinction risk. The vulnerability of bird functional diversity increased as net primary productivity, land-use diversity, mean annual temperature, and elevation decreased. Low values for these environmental factors were associated with a higher risk of functional diversity loss worldwide through two mechanisms: one independent of species richness that affects assemblages with low levels of niche packing and high functional dissimilarity among species, and the other that affects assemblages with low species richness and high rates of extinction. Existing protected areas ineffectively safeguarded regions with a high risk of losing functional diversity in the next decades. The global predictors and the underlying mechanisms of functional vulnerability in bird assemblages we identified can inform strategies aimed at preserving bird-driven ecological functions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Núñez
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana EBD (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Ricardo Martínez-Prentice
- Institute of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vicente García-Navas
- Department of Integrative Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana EBD (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Adhurya S, Lee DY, Lee DS, Park YS. Functional trait dataset of benthic macroinvertebrates in South Korean streams. Sci Data 2023; 10:838. [PMID: 38017016 PMCID: PMC10684509 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02678-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional traits are the result of evolution and adaptation, providing important ecological insights into how organisms interact with their environment. Benthic macroinvertebrates, in particular, have garnered attention as biomonitoring indicators for freshwater ecosystems. This study presents a functional trait dataset for benthic macroinvertebrates, comprising 447 taxa (393 at genus level, 53 at family level and one at class level) from five phyla (Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Nematomorpha, and Platyhelmenthes), categorized into nine traits related to life history, morphology, and habit. To account for variation in available trait information, we assigned confidence levels to each taxon and functional trait based on the level of evidence using fuzzy coding. Our dataset provides an important resource for understanding the ecology of benthic macroinvertebrates in South Korea, serving as a valuable baseline dataset for studying their biodiversity, conservation, and biomonitoring in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Adhurya
- Ecology and Ecological Informatics Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Yeong Lee
- Ecology and Ecological Informatics Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Seong Lee
- Ecology and Ecological Informatics Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seuk Park
- Ecology and Ecological Informatics Laboratory, Department of Biology, College of Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Belhaj A, Pallarés S, Bennas N, Chergui B, Sánchez-Fernández D. Towards the identification of hotspots of freshwater biodiversity in North-Western Africa: A case study using species distribution models for water beetles in Morocco. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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4
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Skolotneva ES, Kosman E, Kelbin VN, Morozova EV, Laprina YV, Baranova OA, Kolomiets TM, Kiseleva MI, Sergeeva EM, Salina EA. SSR Variability of Stem Rust Pathogen on Spring Bread Wheat in Russia. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:493-499. [PMID: 36265157 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-22-2373-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, which used to be a harmful disease of winter wheat in the southern part of Russia, has been largely affecting the yield of spring bread wheat in the territories of the temperate climate zone since 2009. In total, 222 P. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates were obtained from samples of susceptible cultivars of spring bread wheat in Central and Volga regions and Omsk and Novosibirsk provinces in 2019. Genotyping of the isolates was carried out at 16 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) loci. Number of alleles, proportion of heterozygotes, and deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were determined at each SSR locus. Based on genetic variability of SSR genotypes, it was shown that the P. graminis f. sp. tritici population is subdivided into two large clusters in the territory of the Russian temperate climate zone: the "European" population (the Central region) and the "Asian" one (the Volga region and two main wheat provinces of Western Siberia). Both of the P. graminis f. sp. tritici populations are characterized by a mixed mode of reproduction (sexual and clonal) but different sources of inoculum seem to shape a genotype structure within them. A group of P. graminis f. sp. tritici genotypes with high variability, the inbreeding coefficient closed to zero, and low observed heterozygosity was revealed among samples from Omsk. Moreover, two singular SSR genotypes identified among the Asian samples of P. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates should attract special attention in the monitoring of stem rust in order to disclose unexpected rapid changes of the pathogen in the corresponding regions and to prevent disease outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Skolotneva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Evsey Kosman
- Institute for Cereal Crops Research, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Vasiliy N Kelbin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Eugenia V Morozova
- Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Siberian Research Institute of Plant Industry and Breeding, Krasnoobsk 630501, Russia
| | - Yulia V Laprina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga A Baranova
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg-Pushkin 196608, Russia
| | | | - Marina I Kiseleva
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow 143050, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M Sergeeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena A Salina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Kosman E, Ben-Yehuda P, Manisterski J, Anikster Y, Sela H. Virulence Survey of Puccinia striiformis in Israel Revealed Considerable Changes in the Pathogen Population During the Period 2001 to 2019. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2823-2830. [PMID: 35522956 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-22-0568-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A total of 353 urediniospore isolates of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) collected in Israel during 2001 to 2019 were analyzed. Pst pathogenicity was studied with a set of 20 differentials (17 Avocet and 3 other lines). Three periods were compared: 2001 to 2007, 2009 to 2016, and 2017 to 2019. No virulence to Yr5 or Yr15 was detected. Virulence frequencies on Yr4, Yr10, Yr24, and YrSp genes rose to the moderate level (0.28 to 0.44) in 2017 to 2019. Virulence frequencies to Yr2 and Yr9 decreased. One Pst phenotype was identified in all three periods, but its frequency drastically decreased from 0.74 in 2001 to 2016 to 0.21 in 2017 to 2019. The most probable scenario of emergence of wheat yellow rust in Israel is wind dissemination of Pst urediniospores from the Horn of Africa. Variability of the Pst population increased amid considerable evolution with two major transformations in 2009 and 2017. The first modification can be attributed to changes in wheat genetic background in Israel due to deployment of new cultivars resistant to yellow rust since 2004. The second shift in 2017 can be primarily explained by intensive deployment of wheat cultivars resistant to the stem rust race Ug99 in the 2010s in the Horn of Africa. This led to changing genetic backgrounds of the cultivated wheats in the donor region and development and long-distance spread of new Pst phenotypes to Israel. Two singular multivirulent Pst phenotypes were identified in 2019, one of them being closely related to the aggressive Warrior race. Such phenotypes may potentially defeat existing resistances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evsey Kosman
- Institute for Cereal Crops Research, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Pnina Ben-Yehuda
- Institute for Cereal Crops Research, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Jacob Manisterski
- Institute for Cereal Crops Research, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yehoshua Anikster
- Institute for Cereal Crops Research, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hanan Sela
- Institute for Cereal Crops Research, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
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6
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Machado FF, Jardim L, Dinnage R, Brito D, Cardillo M. Diet disparity and diversity predict extinction risk in primates. Anim Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. F. Machado
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - L. Jardim
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia em Ecologia, Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - R. Dinnage
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment Florida International University Miami FL USA
| | - D. Brito
- Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - M. Cardillo
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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A trait database and updated checklist for European subterranean spiders. Sci Data 2022; 9:236. [PMID: 35618868 PMCID: PMC9135732 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Species traits are an essential currency in ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology. However, trait databases are unavailable for most organisms, especially those living in difficult-to-access habitats such as caves and other subterranean ecosystems. We compiled an expert-curated trait database for subterranean spiders in Europe using both literature data (including grey literature published in many different languages) and direct morphological measurements whenever specimens were available to us. We started by updating the checklist of European subterranean spiders, now including 512 species across 20 families, of which at least 192 have been found uniquely in subterranean habitats. For each of these species, we compiled 64 traits. The trait database encompasses morphological measures, including several traits related to subterranean adaptation, and ecological traits referring to habitat preference, dispersal, and feeding strategies. By making these data freely available, we open up opportunities for exploring different research questions, from the quantification of functional dimensions of subterranean adaptation to the study of spatial patterns in functional diversity across European caves. Measurement(s) | morphological trait • ecological trait | Technology Type(s) | literature extraction • observation | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Agelenidae • Amaurobiidae • Anapidae • Cybaeidae • Dysderidae • Hahniidae • Leptonetidae • Linyphiidae • Liocranidae • Mysmenidae • Nesticidae • Pholcidae • Pimoidae • Segestriidae • Sicariidae • Sparassidae • Symphytognathidae • Telemidae • Tetragnathidae • Theridiidae | Sample Characteristic - Environment | caves • subterranean habitats | Sample Characteristic - Location | Europe |
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Ricotta C, Kosman E, Caccianiga M, Cerabolini BE, Pavoine S. On two dissimilarity-based measures of functional beta diversity. ECOL INFORM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Chan DTC, Poon ESK, Wong ATC, Sin SYW. Global trade in parrots – Influential factors of trade and implications for conservation. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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10
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Lin L, Deng W, Huang X, Kang B. Fish taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity and their vulnerabilities in the largest river in southeastern China. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:11533-11548. [PMID: 34429938 PMCID: PMC8366846 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshwater biodiversity is currently under multiple threats. Conservation of freshwater fish biodiversity needs to be prioritized because natural conservation resources are always limited.Samples were collected at 24 sites in the Min River, the largest basin in southeastern China. Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity were analyzed. Biodiversity vulnerability was measured by removing one species each time out of the community with replacement.Results suggested that hotspots for taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity were located at two impounded sites, while for functional diversity were those sites with no upstream dams. Little congruence was observed between taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity. Fragmentation of river network connectivity caused by dams was a significant factor affecting the biodiversity patterns. Beta turnover was the driving component for beta diversity, indicating that biodiversity dissimilarity along the river was mostly explained by environmental sorting. Fifteen out of 16 species that contributed the most to different facets of biodiversity were mostly endemic, either they had distinctive functional traits or they were the most prevalent species. Sites with the highest diversity vulnerability were characterized by these distinctive species. Functional diversity was more vulnerable to species loss comparing with the other two biodiversity facets.Prioritizing those biodiversity hotspots, sites with extreme functional vulnerability, and those distinctive endemic species which contributed the most to biodiversity vulnerability is suggested in the Min River. The study found evidence that congruence among different facets of biodiversity is hard to achieve, and functional diversity is the most vulnerable in a freshwater system fragmented by intensive dam constructions. This work will help to develop systematic conservation planning from the perspective of different biodiversity facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- College of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdaoChina
| | - Weide Deng
- Department of OceanographyNational Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- Henry Fok College of Biology and AgricultureShaoguan UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low‐Latitude Plateau RegionSchool of Earth ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Bin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China)Ministry of EducationQingdaoChina
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11
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Mammola S, Carmona CP, Guillerme T, Cardoso P. Concepts and applications in functional diversity. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mammola
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe) Finnish Museum of Natural History (Luomus) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Molecular Ecology Group (MEG) Water Research InstituteNational Research Council (CNR‐IRSA) Verbania Pallanza Italy
| | - Carlos P. Carmona
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Thomas Guillerme
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe) Finnish Museum of Natural History (Luomus) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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12
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Lazarus M, Belmaker J. A review of seascape complexity indices and their performance in coral and rocky reefs. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Lazarus
- School of Zoology George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Jonathan Belmaker
- School of Zoology George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
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13
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Morelli F, Benedetti Y, Hanson JO, Fuller RA. Global distribution and conservation of avian diet specialization. Conserv Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Morelli
- Community Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Biological Sciences University of Zielona Gora Zielona Gora Poland
| | - Yanina Benedetti
- Community Ecology and Conservation, Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jeffrey O. Hanson
- CIBIO/InBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto Vairão Portugal
| | - Richard A. Fuller
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
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Murgier J, McLean M, Maire A, Mouillot D, Loiseau N, Munoz F, Violle C, Auber A. Rebound in functional distinctiveness following warming and reduced fishing in the North Sea. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20201600. [PMID: 33434468 PMCID: PMC7892419 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionally distinct species (i.e. species with unique trait combinations in the community) can support important ecological roles and contribute disproportionately to ecosystem functioning. Yet, how functionally distinct species have responded to recent climate change and human exploitation has been widely overlooked. Here, using ecological traits and long-term fish data in the North Sea, we identified functionally distinct and functionally common species, and evaluated their spatial and temporal dynamics in relation to environmental variables and fishing pressure. Functionally distinct species were characterized by late sexual maturity, few, large offspring, and high parental care, many being sharks and skates that play critical roles in structuring food webs. Both functionally distinct and functionally common species increased in abundance as ocean temperatures warmed and fishing pressure decreased over the last three decades; however, functionally distinct species increased throughout the North Sea, but primarily in southern North Sea where fishing was historically most intense, indicating a rebound following fleet decommissioning and reduced harvesting. Yet, some of the most functionally distinct species are currently listed as threatened by the IUCN and considered highly vulnerable to fishing pressure. Alarmingly these species have not rebounded. This work highlights the relevance and potential of integrating functional distinctiveness into ecosystem management and conservation prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Murgier
- IFREMER, Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, 150 quai Gambetta, BP699, 62321 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Matthew McLean
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Anthony Maire
- EDF R&D LNHE - Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement, 6 quai Watier, 78401 Chatou, France
| | - David Mouillot
- MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - François Munoz
- University Grenoble-Alpes, LIPHY, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Auber
- IFREMER, Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, 150 quai Gambetta, BP699, 62321 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
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Lin YP, Schmeller DS, Ding TS, Wang YC, Lien WY, Henle K, Klenke RA. A GIS-based policy support tool to determine national responsibilities and priorities for biodiversity conservation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243135. [PMID: 33270722 PMCID: PMC7714368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient biodiversity conservation requires that limited resources be allocated in accordance with national responsibilities and priorities. Without appropriate computational tools, the process of determining these national responsibilities and conservation priorities is time intensive when considering many species across geographic scales. Here, we have developed a computational tool as a module for the ArcGIS geographic information system. The ArcGIS National Responsibility Assessment Tool (NRA-Tool) can be used to create hierarchical lists of national responsibilities and priorities for global species conservation. Our tool will allow conservationists to prioritize conservation efforts and to focus limited resources on relevant species and regions. We showcase our tool with data on 258 bird species and various biophysical regions, including Environmental Zones in 58 Asian countries and regions. Our tool provides a decision support system for conservation policy with attractive and easily interpretable visual outputs illustrating national responsibilities and priorities for species conservation. The graphical output allows for smooth integration into assessment reports, such as the European Article 17 report, the Living Planet Index report, or similar regional and global reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Pin Lin
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Tzung-Su Ding
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung Chieh Wang
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lien
- Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Klaus Henle
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reinhard A. Klenke
- UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), sDiv–The Synthesis Center of iDiv, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
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16
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Sun X, Kosman E, Sharon O, Ezrati S, Sharon A. Significant host- and environment-dependent differentiation among highly sporadic fungal endophyte communities in cereal crops-related wild grasses. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:3357-3374. [PMID: 32483901 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi compose a significant part of plant microbiomes. However, while a small number of fungal taxa have proven beneficial impact, the vast majority of fungal endophytes remain uncharacterized, and the drivers of fungal endophyte community (FEC) assembly are not well understood. Here, we analysed FECs in three cereal crops-related wild grasses - Avena sterilis, Hordeum spontaneum and Aegilops peregrina - that grow in mixed populations in natural habitats. Taxa in Ascomycota class Dothideomycetes, particularly the genera Alternaria and Cladosporium, were the most abundant and prevalent across all populations, but there was also high incidence of basidiomyceteous yeasts of the class Tremellomycetes. The fungal community was shaped to large extent by stochastic processes, as indicated by high level of variation even between individuals from local populations of the same plant species, and confirmed by the neutral community model and Raup-Crick index. Nevertheless, we still found strong determinism in FEC assembly with both incidence and abundance data sets. Substantial differences in community composition across host species and locations were revealed. Our research demonstrated that assembly of FECs is affected by stochastic as well as deterministic processes and suggests strong effects of environment heterogeneity and plant species on community composition. In addition, a small number of taxa had high incidence and abundance in all of the 15 populations. These taxa represent an important part of the core FEC and might be of general functional importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- Institute of Cereal Crops Improvement, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Evsey Kosman
- Institute of Cereal Crops Improvement, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Or Sharon
- Institute of Cereal Crops Improvement, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Smadar Ezrati
- Institute of Cereal Crops Improvement, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Amir Sharon
- Institute of Cereal Crops Improvement, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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17
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Phylogenetic supertree and functional trait database for all extant parrots. Data Brief 2019; 24:103882. [PMID: 31193185 PMCID: PMC6520560 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.103882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a complete dataset from the literature on functional traits including morphological measurements, dietary information, foraging strategy, and foraging location for all 398 extant species of parrots. The morphological measurements include: mass, total length, wing chord, culmen length, tarsus length, and tail length. The diet data describe whether each species is known to consume particular food items (e.g. nectar, berries, and carrion), foraging strategy data describes how each species captures or accesses food, and foraging location data describe the habitat from which each species finds food (e.g. ground, canopy, and subcanopy). We also present a time-calibrated phylogenetic supertree that contains all 398 extant species as well as 15 extinct species (413 total species). These data are hosted on the Figshare data depository (https://figshare.com/s/6cdf8cf00793deab7ba6).
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