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Hajto-Bryk J, Barańska I, Szczerbińska K, Kossioni A, Marchini L, Bełch M, Zarzecka J. Validation of the Polish version of an Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS-PL). SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39358915 DOI: 10.1111/scd.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageism is one of the common forms of discrimination and prejudice. It has also been shown to be present in health professionals, including doctors, nurses, and medical students. AIMS The aim of this study was to translate the Ageism Scale For Dental Students (ASDS) into Polish, perform a culture adaptation, and conduct a preliminary validation analysis. METHODS The survey was administered to 202 third-, fourth-, and fifth-year students at the Jagiellonian University (No. 1072.6120.283.2020). Data were analyzed using principal components analysis (PCA) with an oblique, Promax rotation, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cronbach's alpha (α) was calculated to check the internal consistency reliability. Discriminant validity was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS PCA produced a 10-item scale distributed into three factors, which explains 59.52% of the total variance. Factor 1 ("preconceived notions about dental treatment") contained four items (α = 0.703), Factor 2 ("cost-benefit of providing care for older patients")-four items (α = 0.660) and Factor 3 ("dentist-older patient interaction")-two items (α = 0.662). CFA confirmed that the model is a good fit (RMSE = 0.058, 90% CI from 0.014 to 0.092, CFI = 0.950, and TLI = 0.926). The discriminant validity showed statistically significant differences in factors or individual items related to the year of the study, gender, and having a history of living with an older person(s) or an older patient(s) treated. CONCLUSION The validation of the ASDS conducted in Poland identified 10 items with sufficient validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Hajto-Bryk
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Stomatology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilona Barańska
- Laboratory for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szczerbińska
- Laboratory for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, USA
| | - Monika Bełch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Stomatology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Zarzecka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Stomatology Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Kolland F, Rohner R. [Equity and social determinants of health over the life course]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 65:985-991. [PMID: 39254705 PMCID: PMC11452415 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-024-01771-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socio-structural and socio-cultural change in Western societies is increasingly challenging healthcare institutions to take good care of people's health and dignity. Further and sustainable progress in health care is increasingly influenced by socio-cultural conditions. If these conditions are insufficiently taken into account, further medical progress is jeopardized. AIM OF THE PAPER The aim of this paper is to elucidate the significance of social conditions of health over the life course and thus to shed more light on one of the four ethical principles in medicine, namely equity. MATERIAL The question is addressed by a literature review, whereby the literature was reviewed from a structural theory perspective. RESULTS If people feel discriminated against in terms of their age, gender, or migration background, this not only has an impact on their self-esteem, but also on their health and recovery from illness. Unfavorable economic living conditions have a negative impact on health behavior. Experiences of discrimination in the healthcare system can reduce satisfaction with treatment and contribute to non-compliance with treatment instructions. DISCUSSION The socio-cultural effects mentioned above can be influenced not only by individual changes in behavior but in particular by structural and institutional change processes. There is a need for "habitus sensitivity" in both clinical and private practice, i.e., it is also part of the responsibility of doctors in the healthcare system to eliminate discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Kolland
- Kompetenzzentrum Gerontologie und Gesundheitsforschung, Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500, Krems, Österreich.
| | - Rebekka Rohner
- Kompetenzzentrum Gerontologie und Gesundheitsforschung, Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500, Krems, Österreich
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Gouttefarde P, Gay E, Guyot J, Kamdem O, Socpa A, Tchundem G, Dupré C, Nkenfou C, Bongue B, Barth N, Adam S. The shifts in intergenerational relations in Cameroon and their potential impact on the health of older adults. BMJ Glob Health 2024; 9:e014678. [PMID: 38754898 PMCID: PMC11097879 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-014678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Africa is experiencing a gradual demographic shift due to rising life expectancy and increasing urbanisation. In sub-Saharan Africa, elderly individuals typically reside with their children. The rise in life expectancy by almost a decade and the prevalence of precarious living conditions raise concerns about the sustainability of the healthcare system, which has traditionally relied on intergenerational solidarity. METHODS The research aims to analyse the evolving role of older adults in Cameroonian society and to examine the potential impact of this change on intergenerational relationships and the health of older adults. A qualitative methodology was employed, using intergenerational focus groups in Cameroon. RESULTS Traditionally, older adults held a central role in knowledge transmission through discourse. However, the modernisation of society is challenging this position.The emergence of new technologies, particularly communication tools, is leading to a questioning of older adults' experiential knowledge. Societal changes are contributing to a decline in respect for older adults in discourse. Older adults deplore these societal changes and fear for their place in society while young people are questioning the central role of older people in society. DISCUSSION These changes could reduce the sense of usefulness of older people, with negative consequences for their health. Several studies have highlighted the impacts of ageism on the health of older adults in industrialised countries. However, there are little data on the impact of the marginalisation of older adults on their health in industrialising societies. Further research is needed to study the impact on the health of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Gouttefarde
- INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, DVH, Lyon University, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
- Gérontopôle Auvergne Rhône Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Elsa Gay
- Gérontopôle Auvergne Rhône Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France
- Jean Monnet University, PRESAGE Institut, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Jessica Guyot
- INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, DVH, Lyon University, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
- Jean Monnet University, PRESAGE Institut, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Odette Kamdem
- INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, DVH, Lyon University, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
- Jean Monnet University, PRESAGE Institut, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Antoine Socpa
- Anthropology department, Center for Applied Social Sciences Research and Training, Université de Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Guylène Tchundem
- Cameroonian Laboratory for Studies and Research on Contemporary Societies; Center for Applied Social Sciences Research and Training, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Caroline Dupré
- INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, DVH, Lyon University, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
- Jean Monnet University, PRESAGE Institut, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Céline Nkenfou
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Chantal Biya International reference centre, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Biology, Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaounde I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Bienvenu Bongue
- INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, DVH, Lyon University, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
- Jean Monnet University, PRESAGE Institut, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Nathalie Barth
- INSERM, U1059, SAINBIOSE, DVH, Lyon University, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Etienne, France
- Gérontopôle Auvergne Rhône Alpes, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Stéphane Adam
- Psychology of Senescence Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Amador FLD, Alves GCG, dos Santos VR, Moreira RSL. Use of podcasts for health education: a scoping review. Rev Bras Enferm 2024; 77:e20230096. [PMID: 38511787 PMCID: PMC10941674 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to map the scientific evidence related to the characteristics, themes, and outcomes of using health education podcasts aimed at individuals over 18 years of age in intra or extrahospital environments. METHODS a scoping review, based on the Joanna Briggs Institute method, conducted in 11 databases, including studies from 2004 to 2022. RESULTS 11 studies were selected, categorized, highlighting the characteristics, evaluated outcomes, areas, and conditions of podcast application, indicating it as an effective tool for promoting behavioral change, health promotion, and social interaction, demonstrating its potential to improve well-being, quality of life, and user/client autonomy. CONCLUSIONS the use of podcasts proves to be an effective, innovative, and low-cost tool, with a significant social impact, being effective for behavioral change, satisfaction, and social interaction. However, the lack of comprehensive studies on podcast development methodologies represents challenges to be overcome.
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Strohschein FJ, Qi S, Davidson S, Link C, Watson L. A Retrospective Age Analysis of the Ambulatory Oncology Patient Satisfaction Survey: Differences in Satisfaction across Dimensions of Person-Centred Care and Unmet Needs among Older Adults Receiving Cancer Treatment. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:1483-1503. [PMID: 38534946 PMCID: PMC10969488 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31030113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Over half of all new cancer cases in Alberta are diagnosed among people aged 65+ years, a group that encompasses vast variation. Patient-reported experience measures are routinely collected within Cancer Care Alberta; however, the specific consideration of the needs and concerns of older Albertans with cancer is lacking. In 2021, 2204 adults who had received treatment at a cancer centre in Alberta completed the Ambulatory Oncology Patient Satisfaction Survey (AOPSS). In this study, we explored the age differences in satisfaction across six dimensions of person-centred care and in the proportions of unmet needs across eight types of issues, with specific attention to older adults. Using three age groups (18-39, 40-64, 65+), only the physical comfort dimension showed significantly lower satisfaction among those aged 65+ years. Using five age groups (18-39, 40-64, 65-74, 75-84, 85+), significantly lower levels of satisfaction were found related to 'physical comfort' for those aged 65-74 and 75-84, 'coordination and continuity of care' for those aged 75-84 and 85+, and 'information, communication, and education' for those aged 85+. Therefore, grouping together all older adults aged 65+ years obscured lower levels of satisfaction with some dimensions of person-centred care among those aged 75-84 and 85+ years. Unmet needs generally increased with age for all types of issues, with significant differences across age groups for emotional, financial, social/family, and sexual health issues. The lower levels of satisfaction and higher proportions of unmet needs call for tailored interventions to promote optimal care experiences and outcomes among older adults receiving cancer care in Alberta and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fay J. Strohschein
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Cancer Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
| | - Siwei Qi
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada
| | - Sandra Davidson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Claire Link
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada
| | - Linda Watson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Applied Research & Patient Experience, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB T2S 3C3, Canada
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Sánchez-Izquierdo M, Fernández-Mayoralas G. [Ageism in the use of language]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2024; 59:101420. [PMID: 37857039 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2023.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Sánchez-Izquierdo
- UNINPSI Unidad Clínica de Psicología y Departamento de Psicología, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, España.
| | - Gloria Fernández-Mayoralas
- Instituto de Economía, Geografía y Demografía (IEGD), Grupo de Investigación sobre Envejecimiento en el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (GIE-CSIC) y ENCAGEn-CM (https://encage-cm.csic.es/), Madrid, España
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Fritz H, Chase S, Morgan L, Cutchin MP. Managing Complexity: Black Older Adults With Multimorbidity. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnad066. [PMID: 37350763 PMCID: PMC10825832 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Black older adults have higher rates of multimorbidity and receive less effective multimorbidity support than their white counterparts. Yet little is known about the experiences of Black older adults with multimorbidity that may be at the heart of those disparities and which are central to interventions and improving care for this population. In this study, we aimed to conceptualize the multimorbidity management (MM) experience for Black older adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS As part of a larger study on Black older adults' multimorbidity and physician empathy, we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 30 Black older adults living in a large midwestern city in the United States aged 65 years and older with self-reported multimorbidity. We used grounded theory analysis to distill findings into a core conceptual category as well as component domains and dimensions. RESULTS "Managing complexity" emerged as the core category to describe MM in our sample. Managing complexity included domains of "social context," "daily logistics," "care time," and "care roles." DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS We discuss how managing complexity is distinct from patient complexity and how it is related to cumulative inequality and precarity. Study findings have potential implications for intervention around provider education and empathy as well as for enabling agency of Black older adults with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Fritz
- School of Occupational Therapy, Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington, USA
| | - Sage Chase
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington, USA
| | - Lauren Morgan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington, USA
| | - Malcolm P Cutchin
- School of Occupational Therapy, Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, Washington, USA
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Rodero E, Mas L, Larrea O, Rodríguez-de-Dios I, de-la-Mota C. The Relevance of Communication Between Alzheimer's Patients and Their Caregivers. Effective Prosody Strategies to Improve Communication. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023:1-14. [PMID: 38124466 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2292830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the most critical factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is communication between patients and caregivers. A relevant part of the way of speaking is what is known as prosody, or the variations a speaker makes when talking. To our knowledge, no research has analyzed the relevance of communication for caregivers when speaking with AD patients or what they consider the most effective strategies to communicate with them. Therefore, this pilot study aims are twofold: to know the relevance caregivers (professionals and family) give to communication with AD patients; and to determine what prosody strategies they consider most effective. Two hundred fifty-two caregivers of AD patients (professional and family) participated in two online surveys, answering different questions about the relevance of communication and the best prosody strategies. They also performed an auditory perceptual assessment. The results showed that caregivers give communication a significant role in the patient's treatment behavior. They consider Alzheimer's (AD) patients should be spoken to with authority but with affection and positiveness. The most valued prosodic strategies were marked intonation, speaking affectionately, emphasizing essential words, a medium/low pitch, and a slow speed. This study highlights the value of communication in interacting with AD patients to improve their cognitive and emotional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rodero
- Media Psychology Lab, Department of Communication, Pompeu Fabra University, UPF-Barcelona School of Management, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Mas
- Department of Communication, Pompeu Fabra University, UPF-Barcelona School of Management, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olatz Larrea
- Department of Philology and Communication, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Carme de-la-Mota
- Department of Spanish Philology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Lewis BE, Naik AR. A scoping review to identify and organize literature trends of bias research within medical student and resident education. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:919. [PMID: 38053172 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physician bias refers to the unconscious negative perceptions that physicians have of patients or their conditions. Medical schools and residency programs often incorporate training to reduce biases among their trainees. In order to assess trends and organize available literature, we conducted a scoping review with a goal to categorize different biases that are studied within medical student (MS), resident (Res) and mixed populations (MS and Res). We also characterized these studies based on their research goal as either documenting evidence of bias (EOB), bias intervention (BI) or both. These findings will provide data which can be used to identify gaps and inform future work across these criteria. METHODS Online databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, WebofScience) were searched for articles published between 1980 and 2021. All references were imported into Covidence for independent screening against inclusion criteria. Conflicts were resolved by deliberation. Studies were sorted by goal: 'evidence of bias' and/or 'bias intervention', and by population (MS or Res or mixed) andinto descriptive categories of bias. RESULTS Of the initial 806 unique papers identified, a total of 139 articles fit the inclusion criteria for data extraction. The included studies were sorted into 11 categories of bias and showed that bias against race/ethnicity, specific diseases/conditions, and weight were the most researched topics. Of the studies included, there was a higher ratio of EOB:BI studies at the MS level. While at the Res level, a lower ratio of EOB:BI was found. CONCLUSIONS This study will be of interest to institutions, program directors and medical educators who wish to specifically address a category of bias and identify where there is a dearth of research. This study also underscores the need to introduce bias interventions at the MS level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne E Lewis
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Akshata R Naik
- Department of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 586 Pioneer Dr, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA.
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de Araújo PO, Soares IMSC, do Vale PRLF, de Sousa AR, Aparicio EC, Carvalho ESDS. Ageism directed to older adults in health services: A scoping review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e4019. [PMID: 37820219 PMCID: PMC10557401 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6727.4020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to map the expressions of ageism directed to older adults in health services and the respective coping measures. METHOD a scoping review of primary studies in English, Spanish and Portuguese, without time delimitation and collected from 14 databases. Selection of the titles, abstracts and full text was in charge of two independent and blinded reviewers, totaling a corpus comprised by 41 articles. Data extraction was performed by pairs. The data were presented in narrative summaries and charts. RESULTS the ageism expressions are understood at the interpersonal level through images and attitudes that depreciate, devalue life and delegitimize older adults' needs, as well as at the institutional level, which confers barriers to accessing health services, generating non-assistance and neglect. The coping measures consist of educational interventions and expansion of communication channels between aged people, health professionals and managers. CONCLUSION the results may make health professionals vigilant for care/neglect guided by age bias and sensitive for coping with ageism by obtaining diverse scientific knowledge. The analysis of the phenomenon in the Unified Health System context constitutes a knowledge gap, as well as the implicit ageism expressions. (1) Ageism expressions involve interpersonal and institutional relationships. (2) Ageism directed to older adults permeates from diagnosis to treatment. (3) The coping measures comprise educational actions and also scientific research studies. (4) It is necessary to recognize the presence of ageism in health services. (5) It is necessary to recognize care/neglect practices guided by age bias.
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de Araújo PO, Soares IMSC, do Vale PRLF, de Sousa AR, Aparicio EC, Carvalho ESDS. Ageism directed to older adults in health services: A scoping review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2023; 31:e4019. [PMID: 37820219 PMCID: PMC10557401 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.6727.4019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to map the expressions of ageism directed to older adults in health services and the respective coping measures. METHOD a scoping review of primary studies in English, Spanish and Portuguese, without time delimitation and collected from 14 databases. Selection of the titles, abstracts and full text was in charge of two independent and blinded reviewers, totaling a corpus comprised by 41 articles. Data extraction was performed by pairs. The data were presented in narrative summaries and charts. RESULTS the ageism expressions are understood at the interpersonal level through images and attitudes that depreciate, devalue life and delegitimize older adults' needs, as well as at the institutional level, which confers barriers to accessing health services, generating non-assistance and neglect. The coping measures consist of educational interventions and expansion of communication channels between aged people, health professionals and managers. CONCLUSION the results may make health professionals vigilant for care/neglect guided by age bias and sensitive for coping with ageism by obtaining diverse scientific knowledge. The analysis of the phenomenon in the Unified Health System context constitutes a knowledge gap, as well as the implicit ageism expressions. (1) Ageism expressions involve interpersonal and institutional relationships. (2) Ageism directed to older adults permeates from diagnosis to treatment. (3) The coping measures comprise educational actions and also scientific research studies. (4) It is necessary to recognize the presence of ageism in health services. (5) It is necessary to recognize care/neglect practices guided by age bias.
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Sun N, Xu Z, Hua CL, Qiu X, Pittman A, Abdou B, Brown JS. Self-perception of aging and perceived medical discrimination. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:3049-3058. [PMID: 37596097 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals who perceive medical discrimination often face adverse consequences. How individuals perceive their own aging experiences may influence perceived medical discrimination due to age by generating expectations that they will receive poor treatment from clinicians, which may be amplified for individuals who also perceive discrimination because of race. This study explored the relationship between self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and perceived medical discrimination due to age, race, and other reasons. METHODS We used three waves (2008, 2012, 2016) from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data. Our sample included 10,188 community-residing individuals aged 51 and over. SPA were measured by two domains: positive SPA and negative SPA. Multinomial logistic regression that adjusted for demographic, health characteristics, and year-fixed effects was conducted to estimate the relationship between SPA and categories of perceived medical discrimination (age, race, age and race, and other). RESULTS Approximately 11% of the population perceived discrimination because of age or race in the medical setting from 2008 to 2016. Older adults who had a positive SPA were 15% [Adjusted relative risk ratio (ARR): 0.85, 95% CI: 0.79-0.91], 13% [ARRR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76-1.00], and 20% [ARRR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.74-0.88] less likely to experience perceived medical discrimination due to age, race, and the intersection of age and race, respectively, than those who did not, holding other factors constant. Those who held a negative SPA were 38% [ARRR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.28-1.48] more likely to report perceived medical discrimination due to age and 12% [ARRR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.21] more likely to report perceived medical discrimination due to other reasons. CONCLUSIONS Holding a positive perception of aging may help reduce perceived medical discrimination because of age and race, which may in turn improve communication and lead to timely and appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Ziyao Xu
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Cassandra L Hua
- Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Amelia Pittman
- Department of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Basel Abdou
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - J Scott Brown
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
- Scripps Gerontology Center, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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Shenoy R, Jodalli PS, Rao B S, Shetty AS, Thomas M, Shigli K, Marchini L. Validation of ageism scale for dental students in India: (Ageism Scale for Dental Students- India) - a cross sectional study. F1000Res 2023; 12:413. [PMID: 37559942 PMCID: PMC10407454 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130685.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ageism persists in many different societies as it is innate and subconscious in nature. Negative effects such as loneliness, mistreatment, and occupational discrimination are frequently present due to ageism. The dental students in our study were wary of the possible benefits of expensive dental care because ageism is rife in their field. There is no validated and reliable ageism scale to assess how dental students perceive ageism in India. The current study was carried out to validate the ageism scale for dental students in the Indian context. METHODS This was a cross sectional analytical study carried out among both males and females in Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore in which the instrument was 27-item Ageism scale for dental students. Content validity was done by six subject experts. The final version was administered to 213 students/Residents of dental school. The factorability of data was confirmed with KMO = 0.61 and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity resulting in p < 0.001. RESULTS Final PCA model resulted in 15 items and six components that together accounted for 70.37% of overall variance. The six components had reliability ranging from marginal 0.51 (Component 6) to a high of 0.81 (Component 3). As per the gender differences by component females showed less ageism than men in "non-compliance" (-0.9(-1.66-0.14), p<0.05) and "practitioner perspective" (1.43 (0.84, 2.03), p<0.01). Statistical significance was seen in Barriers/concerns in dental treatment of elderly where residents showed reversed (1.4 (0.41, 2.38), p<0.01). Urban group showed more ageism for component 'time restraint' (-0.79 (-1.57, -0.02), p<0.05. CONCLUSION Preliminary validation resulted in 15 item scale with six components with acceptable validity of the ageism scale and could be further tested in large samples. This scale will help recognize ageism in Indian context and provide necessary information to make changes in the curriculum as required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Shenoy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Praveen S Jodalli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shushma Rao B
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Aishwarya Shodhan Shetty
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Manuel Thomas
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kamal Shigli
- Department of Prosthodontics, DY Patil Dental School, Lohegaon, Pune, Maharashtra, 412105, India
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventative and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Comprehensive Care, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
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14
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Launonen M, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K, Mattila L, Savela RM, Kvist T. Older patients' perceptions of the quality of acute cancer care: An integrative review-A mixed-method approach. Int J Older People Nurs 2023; 18:e12503. [PMID: 36168107 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM This integrative review aimed to describe the perceptions of the quality of care of older patients (aged 65 and above) living with cancer in acute-care settings. METHODS We identified relevant research suitable for inclusion criteria through systematic searches of the PubMed®, EBSCOhost Academic Search Premier®, Scopus® and Web of Science® databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework and the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines were used to conduct the research and report the results. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the modified Critical Skills Appraisal Programme (CASP) checklist. RESULTS A total of 24 studies met the inclusion criteria. The data analysis revealed that care quality could be described through three distinct themes: individuality, a sense of security and respectful encounters. CONCLUSION The perceptions of older people living with cancer regarding the quality of acute care have not been extensively covered in the literature. Health- and age-related challenges, patients' overall life situation, clear, realistic information about care and the future and respect during encounters should be given attention. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Patient-centred and tailored care, considering the heterogeneity of the population and support for independence, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Launonen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katri Vehviläinen-Julkunen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Laura Mattila
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Roosa-Maria Savela
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Kvist
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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15
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Palsgaard P, Maino Vieytes CA, Peterson N, Francis SL, Monroe-Lord L, Sahyoun NR, Ventura-Marra M, Weidauer L, Xu F, Arthur AE. Healthcare Professionals' Views and Perspectives towards Aging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15870. [PMID: 36497945 PMCID: PMC9739620 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Improving care for the older population is a growing clinical need in the United States. Ageism and other attitudes of healthcare professionals can negatively impact care for older adults. This study investigated healthcare professionals' (N = 140) views towards aging and characterized a confluence of factors influencing ageism perspectives in healthcare workers using path analysis models. These models proposed relationships between aging anxiety, expectations regarding aging, age, ageism, and knowledge. Aging anxiety had a less critical role in the final model than hypothesized and influenced ageism in healthcare workers through its negative effect (β = -0.27) on expectations regarding aging. In contrast, aging knowledge (β = -0.23), age (β = -0.27), and expectations regarding aging (β = -0.48) directly and inversely influenced ageism. Increased knowledge about the aging process could lower ageism amongst healthcare professionals and improve care for older adults. The results put forth in this study help to characterize and understand healthcare workers' complex views towards the aging population they often encounter. Moreover, these results highlight the need and utility of leveraging practitioner education for combating ageism in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Palsgaard
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Natasha Peterson
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Sarah L. Francis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, The Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Lillie Monroe-Lord
- Center for Nutrition, Diet, and Health, The University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
| | - Nadine R. Sahyoun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Melissa Ventura-Marra
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Lee Weidauer
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Furong Xu
- School of Education, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Anna E. Arthur
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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16
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Kincaid R. Status, masculinity, and femininity at the intersection of age and gender. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2022; 105:102695. [PMID: 35659050 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2022.102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although men are generally awarded greater status than women, little is known about how gendered ageism may affect the gender gap in status. Using an online survey experiment (N = 2473), this study examines how cultural beliefs about status, masculinity, and femininity are differentially affected by men's and women's age. Findings show that aging has little effect on men's perceived status, but aging drives both upswings and downswings in women's perceived status, giving men status advantages during early and late adulthood. Similarly, whereas aging does not affect men's perceived masculinity, aging drives upswings and downswings in women's perceived femininity, depending on current age. Perceived masculinity is more strongly linked to men's status than perceived femininity is to women's. Findings contribute to research on status and gendered ageism, and shed light on how age and gender combine to influence ubiquitous social judgments that are integral to the reproduction of social inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reilly Kincaid
- Purdue University Department of Sociology, 700 W State St, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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17
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Lagacé M, Donizzetti AR, Van de Beeck L, Bergeron CD, Rodrigues-Rouleau P, St-Amour A. Testing the Shielding Effect of Intergenerational Contact against Ageism in the Workplace: A Canadian Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084866. [PMID: 35457732 PMCID: PMC9032282 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Negative outcomes of ageism in the context of the Canadian labor market are well documented. Older workers remain the target of age-based stereotypes and attitudes on the part of employers. This study aims at assessing (1) the extent to which quality and quantity intergroup contacts between younger and older workers as well as knowledge-sharing practices reduce ageist attitudes, in turn (2) how a decrease in ageist attitudes increase the level of workers’ engagement and intentions to remain in the organization. Data were collected from 603 Canadian workers (aged 18 to 68 years old) from private and public organizations using an online survey measuring concepts under study. Results of a path analysis suggest that intergroup contacts and knowledge-sharing practices are associated with positive attitudes about older workers. More so, positive attitudes about older workers generate higher levels of work engagement, which in turn are associated with stronger intentions to remain with the organization. However, positive attitudes about older workers had no effect on intentions to remain in the workplace. Results are discussed in light of the intergroup contact theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Lagacé
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Arts, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (L.V.d.B.); (A.S.-A.)
- LIFE Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Rosa Donizzetti
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Lise Van de Beeck
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (L.V.d.B.); (A.S.-A.)
| | - Caroline D. Bergeron
- LIFE Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada;
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | | | - Audrey St-Amour
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (L.V.d.B.); (A.S.-A.)
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18
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Aharoni Lir S, Ayalon L. The Wounded Lion - Ageism and Masculinity in the Israeli Film Industry. Front Psychol 2022; 13:756472. [PMID: 35386888 PMCID: PMC8978672 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.756472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the intriguing issues connected to power relations in the world of cinema that has yet to be adequately explored is what has happened over the years concerning the dominance and privilege of masculinity as signifying preferred social status. This qualitative study explores this subject based on transcribed semi-structured interviews with 13 award-winning Israeli directors over the age of 55. The research examines two questions: How has the film industry changed its relation to leading, award-winning film directors as they grow older? And, what challenges confront the directors, in terms of their own self-perceptions? These questions capture the collisional intersection between hegemonic masculinity and ageism, because they examine the loss of power attributed to men in the film industry as they reach the second half of their lives. The findings led to the formation of a theoretical model of ageism within the cinematic industry, allowing for the dismantling of the different factors that create obstacles for directors as they get older. The four layers of the model are: arbitrary ageism, manifested in the demands of a rapidly changing industry in a changing world; passive ageism, expressed through encounters with negative attitudes; active ageism, reflected in preventing older directors from receiving funding and from screening their films; and self-ageism, manifested in the directors' attitudes toward themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomit Aharoni Lir
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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19
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Acha BV, Ferrandis ED, Ferri Sanz M, García MF. Engaging People and Co-Producing Research with Persons and Communities to Foster Person-Centred Care: A Meta-Synthesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312334. [PMID: 34886070 PMCID: PMC8656837 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Engagement and co-production in healthcare research and innovation are crucial for delivering person-centred interventions in underserved communities, but the knowledge of effective strategies to target this population is still vague, limiting the provision of person-centred care. Our research aimed to identify essential knowledge to foster engagement and co-production. Materials and Methods: A meta-synthesis research design was used to compile existing qualitative research papers on health communication, engagement, and empowerment in vulnerable groups in high-income countries (HICs) from 2008 to 2018. A total of 23 papers were selected and analysed. Results: ‘Design and recruitment’ and ‘engagement and co-production’ thematic areas are presented considering the factors related to researcher–communities attunement and the strategical plans for conducting research. The insights are discussed in light of the literature. Long-term alliances, sustainable structures, and strengthened bonds are critical factors for producing real long-term change, empowering persons and communities, and paving the way to person-centred care. Conclusions: The enhancement of the recruitment, involvement, and empowerment of traditionally disengaged communities and individuals depends on the awareness and analysis of social determinants, power differentials and specific tactics, and the capacity of researchers and individuals to apply all these principles in real-world practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Vallina Acha
- Polibienestar Research Intitute-Instituto de Investigación de Políticas de Bienestar Social: Edificio Institutos de Investigación, Campus de Tarongers, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Senior Europa S.L.–Kveloce I + D + i: C/Roger de Lauria 10–7, 46002 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.S.); (M.F.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Estrella Durá Ferrandis
- Polibienestar Research Intitute-Instituto de Investigación de Políticas de Bienestar Social: Edificio Institutos de Investigación, Campus de Tarongers, University of Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Mireia Ferri Sanz
- Senior Europa S.L.–Kveloce I + D + i: C/Roger de Lauria 10–7, 46002 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.S.); (M.F.G.)
| | - Maite Ferrando García
- Senior Europa S.L.–Kveloce I + D + i: C/Roger de Lauria 10–7, 46002 Valencia, Spain; (M.F.S.); (M.F.G.)
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20
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Payne L, Ghio D, Grey E, Slodkowska-Barabasz J, Harris P, Sutcliffe M, Green S, Roberts HC, Childs C, Robinson S, Gudgin B, Holloway P, Kelly J, Wallis K, Dean O, Aveyard P, Gill P, Stroud M, Little P, Yardley L, Morrison L. Optimising an intervention to support home-living older adults at risk of malnutrition: a qualitative study. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:219. [PMID: 34758733 PMCID: PMC8580738 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background In the UK, about 14% of community-dwelling adults aged 65 and over are estimated to be at risk of malnutrition. Screening older adults in primary care and treating those at risk may help to reduce malnutrition risk, reduce the resulting need for healthcare use and improve quality of life. Interventions are needed to raise older adults’ risk awareness, offer relevant and meaningful strategies to address risk and support general practices to deliver treatment and support. Methods Using the Person-based Approach and input from Patient and Public Involvement representatives, we developed the ‘Eat well, feel well, stay well’ intervention. The intervention was optimised using qualitative data from think aloud and semi-structured process evaluation interviews with 23 and 18 older adults respectively. Positive and negative comments were extracted to inform rapid iterative modifications to support engagement with the intervention. Data were then analysed thematically and final adjustments made, to optimise the meaningfulness of the intervention for the target population. Results Participants’ comments were generally positive. This paper focuses predominantly on participants’ negative reactions, to illustrate the changes needed to ensure that intervention materials were optimally relevant and meaningful to older adults. Key factors that undermined engagement included: resistance to the recommended nutritional intake among those with reduced appetite or eating difficulties, particularly frequent eating and high energy options; reluctance to gain weight; and a perception that advice did not align with participants’ specific personal preferences and eating difficulties. We addressed these issues by adjusting the communication of eating goals to be more closely aligned with older adults’ beliefs about good nutrition, and acceptable and feasible eating patterns. We also adjusted the suggested tips and strategies to fit better with older adults’ everyday activities, values and beliefs. Conclusions Using iterative qualitative methods facilitated the identification of key behavioural and contextual elements that supported engagement, and issues that undermined older adults’ engagement with intervention content. This informed crucial revisions to the intervention content that enabled us to maximise the meaningfulness, relevance and feasibility of the key messages and suggested strategies to address malnutrition risk, and therefore optimise engagement with the intervention and the behavioural advice it provided. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-021-01572-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liz Payne
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Daniela Ghio
- Primary Care Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Philine Harris
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Michelle Sutcliffe
- Dietetics Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Sue Green
- Department for Nursing Science, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Helen C Roberts
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline Childs
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sian Robinson
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bernard Gudgin
- Public and Patient Involvement, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Pam Holloway
- Public and Patient Involvement, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jo Kelly
- Primary Care Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Kathy Wallis
- Wessex Academic Health Science Network, Southampton, UK
| | - Oliver Dean
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Aveyard
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paramjit Gill
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Mike Stroud
- Clinical Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Little
- Primary Care Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Lucy Yardley
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leanne Morrison
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Primary Care Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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21
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Shaw CA, Gordon JK. Understanding Elderspeak: An Evolutionary Concept Analysis. Innov Aging 2021; 5:igab023. [PMID: 34476301 PMCID: PMC8406004 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Elderspeak is an inappropriate simplified speech register that sounds like baby talk and is used with older adults, especially in health care settings. Understanding the concept of elderspeak is challenging due to varying views about which communicative components constitute elderspeak and whether elderspeak is beneficial or harmful for older adults. Research Design and Methods Rodgers’ evolutionary concept analysis method was used to evaluate the concept of elderspeak through identification of elderspeak’s attributes, antecedents, and consequences. A systematic search using the PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase databases was completed. Results Eighty-three theoretical or research articles from 1981 to 2020 were identified. Elderspeak characteristics were categorized by semantic, syntactic, pragmatic, paralinguistic, and nonverbal attributes. The primary antecedent to elderspeak is implicit ageism, in which old age cues and signs of functional or cognitive impairment led to simplified communication, usually from a younger caregiver. Research studies varied in reporting whether elderspeak facilitated or interfered with comprehension by older adults, in part depending on the operational definition of elderspeak and experimental manipulations. Exaggerated prosody, a key feature of elderspeak, was found to reduce comprehension. Elderspeak was generally perceived as patronizing by older adults and speakers were perceived as less respectful. In persons with dementia, elderspeak also increases the probability of resistiveness to care, which is an important correlate of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Discussion and Implications Based on this concept analysis, a new definition of elderspeak is proposed, in which attributes that have been found to enhance comprehension are differentiated from those that do not. Recommendations for consistent operationalization of elderspeak in future research are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa A Shaw
- College of Nursing, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jean K Gordon
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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22
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Launonen M, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K, Repo M, Kvist T. Nurses' perceptions of care quality for older patients suffering cancer in acute care settings: A descriptive study. Scand J Caring Sci 2020; 35:1309-1321. [PMID: 33369755 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To describe the quality of care for older cancer patients in acute care settings as perceived by the responsible nursing staff. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected using a questionnaire completed by 90 nursing staff at a university hospital and a city hospital. Quality of care was measured using the Revised Humane Caring Scale. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, nonparametric tests and linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data. FINDINGS Generally, the nursing staff perceived the quality of care as good; however, university hospital nursing staff perceived the quality of care to be better than city hospital nursing staff. Compared with other age groups, nursing staff in the 30- to 40-year age group more frequently indicated that patients' information and participation need improvement. Moreover, supplemental education in cancer care was found to have no significant impact on the quality of care. Altogether, nursing staff disagreed the most about their perceptions of staffing, sufficient time and an unhurried atmosphere. CONCLUSION Nursing staff should focus more on patients' personal needs, particularly with regard to patients' provision of information and participation in care. Younger nurses need more support and mentoring about complex care from their experienced colleagues when performing their work. Leaders should guarantee availability of the adequate number of competent staff in hospital wards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Launonen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katri Vehviläinen-Julkunen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marita Repo
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Kvist
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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23
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‘I've never given it a thought’: older men's experiences with and perceptions of ageism during interactions with physicians. AGEING & SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x20001476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe subjective experience of ageism among older men has received little research attention. This study examines older Canadian men's experiences with and perceptions of ageism during interactions with physicians. In-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 21 men aged 55 years and over. The findings indicate a seeming lack of awareness of ageism among many, and many did not believe ageism was likely to occur during patient–physician interaction. Negative stereotyping of older patients was common. A large majority of the participants reported that they had not personally experienced ageism during a medical encounter, nor were they concerned about it. Numerous rationales were proffered as explanations of why a particular participant had not experienced ageism and who was more likely to be a target.
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24
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Fitch MI, Nicoll I, Lockwood G, Newton L, Strohschein FJ. Improving survivorship care: Perspectives of cancer survivors 75 years and older. J Geriatr Oncol 2020; 12:453-460. [PMID: 32962951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work describes perspectives of older adult cancer survivors about improvements that should be considered during the early period of survivorship. Findings will be useful in program development of age-appropriate services following completion of cancer treatment for older adults. METHODS A national survey was conducted across ten Canadian provinces to understand follow-up experiences of cancer survivors one to three years post-treatment. The survey included open-ended questions enabling respondents to offer insight into their experiences. This publication presents analysis of responses from older adults (75+ years) about suggestions for improving survivorship care. RESULTS In total, 3274 older adults (75+ years) responded to the survey and 1424 responded to the question about improvements. Fifty-five percent of the older adults were male, 28% had experienced metastatic disease and 75% reported comorbid conditions. A total of 640 respondents offered 932 suggestions in the areas of service delivery (n = 763, 81.9%), support (n = 108, 11.6%), and practical assistance (n = 61, 6.5%). Improvements in information/communication (n = 291) and follow-up care (n = 180) accounted for the highest number of suggestions regarding service delivery. Thematic analysis revealed three key messages about improvement: 'offer me needed support', 'make access easy for me', and 'show me you care'. CONCLUSION Suggestions for improvement in survivorship care by older adults treated for cancer emphasize need for changes in the approaches taken by health care providers in interactions and organization of care delivery. Proactive provision of information, detailed schedules for follow-up care, and ease of access to post-treatment care are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret I Fitch
- Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 207 Chisholm Ave, Toronto, Ontario M4C 4V9, Canada.
| | | | | | - Lorelei Newton
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.
| | - Fay J Strohschein
- Oncology and Aging Program, Jewish General Hospital, Wainwright, Montreal, Alberta, Canada.
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Impact of hearing loss on clinical interactions between older adults and health professionals: a systematic review. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:919-928. [DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Polacsek M, Boardman GH, McCann TV. Factors influencing self-management of depression in older adults: a qualitative study. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:939-946. [PMID: 30621440 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1562538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: A considerable body of work addresses prevalence and treatment options for depression in older adults. However, less is known about their capacity to self-manage their depression. Effective self-management of depression has the potential to improve individuals' quality of life through information, empowerment and perceived control, while enabling more efficient health service utilisation. The aim of this paper was to identify the barriers and facilitators to self-management of depression in older adults.Method: A qualitative study comprising in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 32 older adults with a diagnosis of moderate depression.Results: Three over-arching themes captured the barriers and facilitators to participants' capacity to self-manage their depression. Perspectives on age and depression represented how views of older age and mental health influenced the approach to self-management. Ability to access the health care system concerned the ability to identify and engage with different services and support. Individual capacity for self-management reflected participants' views on and the resources required for effective self-management.Conclusion: This study offers a better understanding of the factors that positively or negatively influence older adults' ability to self-manage their depression. Strategies to improve self-management should address misconceptions about age and depression, and older adults' interest in and capacity to embrace self-management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Polacsek
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gayelene H Boardman
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence V McCann
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Flamion A, Missotten P, Goffinet A, Kukor L, Nagy N, Adam S. Speech accommodation toward older people in 7- To 12-year-old children. Dev Sci 2020; 23:e12958. [PMID: 32141670 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
From an early age, children develop stereotypes toward older adults leading to potential ageism. In young adults, ageism includes conversational changes, also known as elderspeak, characterized by louder, slower, and simplified speech. Although it has direct consequence on older adults, to date no studies have explored elderspeak in children. We invited 137 Belgian children aged 7-12 to take part in a guessing game through a dissimulated Skype session. The child had to make two female interlocutors in turn, one young (25 years old) and the other old (75), guess two different words each. During the session, children remained unaware of the real purpose of the game. Prosody, verbal fluency, and semantic content of their speech were measured using the Praat and VocabProfil software. The results, analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA, showed that children spoke louder to the older interlocutor and tended to judge her less competent to guess words than the younger participant. When the older person was second in turn, children engaged in lengthier and more detailed explanations. Unexpectedly, positive views on older people correlated with higher voice intensity, suggesting that the child's differential vocal attitudes may reflect benevolent ageism. In conclusion, significant speech accommodation can be detected in 7- to 12-year-old children when they speak to an older compared with a younger interlocutor. This accommodation is characterized by louder voice and lengthier explanations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Flamion
- Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Léna Kukor
- Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Noemi Nagy
- Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Adam
- Psychology of Aging Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Chang ES, Kannoth S, Levy S, Wang SY, Lee JE, Levy BR. Global reach of ageism on older persons' health: A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0220857. [PMID: 31940338 PMCID: PMC6961830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although there is anecdotal evidence of ageism occurring at both the structural level (in which societal institutions reinforce systematic bias against older persons) and individual level (in which older persons take in the negative views of aging of their culture), previous systematic reviews have not examined how both levels simultaneously influence health. Thus, the impact of ageism may be underestimated. We hypothesized that a comprehensive systematic review would reveal that these ageism levels adversely impact the health of older persons across geography, health outcomes, and time. METHOD A literature search was performed using 14 databases with no restrictions on region, language, and publication type. The systematic search yielded 13,691 papers for screening, 638 for full review, and 422 studies for analyses. Sensitivity analyses that adjusted for sample size and study quality were conducted using standardized tools. The study protocol is registered (PROSPERO CRD42018090857). RESULTS Ageism led to significantly worse health outcomes in 95.5% of the studies and 74.0% of the 1,159 ageism-health associations examined. The studies reported ageism effects in all 45 countries, 11 health domains, and 25 years studied, with the prevalence of significant findings increasing over time (p < .0001). A greater prevalence of significant ageism-health findings was found in less-developed countries than more-developed countries (p = .0002). Older persons who were less educated were particularly likely to experience adverse health effects of ageism. Evidence of ageism was found across the age, sex, and race/ethnicity of the targeters (i.e., persons perpetrating ageism). CONCLUSION The current analysis which included over 7 million participants is the most comprehensive review of health consequences of ageism to date. Considering that the analysis revealed that the detrimental impact of ageism on older persons' health has been occurring simultaneously at the structural and individual level in five continents, our systematic review demonstrates the pernicious reach of ageism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-Shien Chang
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Sneha Kannoth
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Samantha Levy
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Shi-Yi Wang
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - John E. Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Becca R. Levy
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
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Zhang M, Zhao H, Meng FP. Elderspeak to Resident Dementia Patients Increases Resistiveness to Care in Health Care Profession. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2020; 57:46958020948668. [PMID: 32783479 PMCID: PMC7425308 DOI: 10.1177/0046958020948668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Resistiveness to care is very common among patients of dementia as these patients do not take medicines, meals or bath very easily. Indeed, it is a very challenging task for health caregivers and there is a significant rise in time and cost involved in managing dementia patients. Amongst different factors, the type of communication between resident dementia patients and health caregivers is an important contributing factor in the development of resistiveness to care. Elderspeak (baby talk) is a type of communication in which health caregivers adjust their language and style while interacting with elderly and dependent patients. It involves the use of short sentences, simple grammar, slow and high pitch voice, repeating phrases to provide a comfortable and friendly environment to patients. Most of the time, caregivers tend to adapt elderspeak as they handle weak and fragile older patients for routine activities. Although elderspeak is meant to provide support, warmth and care to patients, yet patients perceive elderspeak as patronizing and it induces negative feelings about self-esteem. Scientists have found a correlation between the development of resistiveness to care and the extent of elderspeak in communication. Therefore, there have been strategies to develop alternative communication strategies by avoiding the use of elderspeak. Moreover, the beneficial effects of such communications have been documented as it improves the quality of life, reduces aggression, agitation and psychosocial symptoms. The present review discusses the scientific studies discussing the use of elderspeak in communication and development of resistiveness to care in resident patients of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fan-Ping Meng
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Jack K, Ridley C, Turner S. Effective communication with older people. Nurs Older People 2019; 31:e1126. [PMID: 31468756 DOI: 10.7748/nop.2019.e1126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Effective communication with older people is an important aspect of nursing practice. Ineffective communication can lead to older people feeling inadequate, disempowered and helpless. Nurses have a duty to ensure that older people think they are being listened to and that their concerns are being validated in a non-judgemental way. Central to effective communication is the ability of nurses to be self-aware, and monitor their thoughts and feelings about, for example, negative stereotypes associated with the ageing process. Effective communication can sometimes be difficult to achieve due to the effects of ageing, but nurses can overcome some barriers through thoughtful interventions. It is important to treat older people as individuals, and to monitor and adapt communication accordingly. By doing so, nurses can ensure older people feel empowered, respected and able to maintain their independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Jack
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, England
| | | | - Samuel Turner
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, England
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Martin D. Reflections from the Field: Reduce Age Stereotyping through Experiential Learning: An Intergenerational Pen Pal Project. JOURNAL OF INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2019.1586044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane Martin
- The Center for the Study of Aging, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD
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Gomez-Moreno C, Verduzco-Aguirre H, Contreras-Garduño S, Perez-de-Acha A, Alcalde-Castro J, Chavarri-Guerra Y, García-Lara JMA, Navarrete-Reyes AP, Avila-Funes JA, Soto-Perez-de-Celis E. Perceptions of aging and ageism among Mexican physicians-in-training. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1730-1735. [PMID: 30977047 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Attributing negative stereotypes to older adults (ageism) may lead to undertreatment, but little is known about the prevalence of ageism among physicians treating patients with cancer in Ibero-America. We studied stereotypes of aging among Mexican physicians-in-training. MATERIALS AND METHODS Physicians-in-training attending an oncology meeting answered the "Negative Attributes and Positive Potential in Old Age" survey. Ten questions assessed positive characteristics of aging (PPOA; score 1-4, higher scores represent a positive perception), and four assessed negative characteristics (NAOA; score 1-4, higher score representing a negative perception). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the questionnaires. Participants completed the "Image-of-Aging" question by writing five words describing older adults and young individuals. Each word was rated from - 5 (negative) to + 5 (positive), and presented as word clouds. RESULTS One hundred physicians-in-training (median age 28.5) were included. For the PPOA scale, the mean score was 2.9 (SD 0.4), while for the NAOA scale it was 2.1 (SD 0.4). Perceptions of aging were better among women and trainees enrolled in geriatrics and/or oncology-related programs. In the "Image-of-Aging" questions, median rating of words describing older adults was - 2, compared to + 3 for young individuals (p < 0.001). Among words used to describe older adults, the most frequent was "frail/frailty" (n = 45), while "health" (n = 46) was the most frequent for younger individuals. CONCLUSIONS Mexican physicians-in-training showed mostly negative perceptions of aging, exemplified by the use of negative terms to describe older adults. Creating educational initiatives aimed at decreasing ageism among oncology trainees is necessary across Ibero-America.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gomez-Moreno
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - H Verduzco-Aguirre
- Department of Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S Contreras-Garduño
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Perez-de-Acha
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Alcalde-Castro
- Department of Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Y Chavarri-Guerra
- Department of Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J M A García-Lara
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A P Navarrete-Reyes
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J A Avila-Funes
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - E Soto-Perez-de-Celis
- Department of Geriatrics, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas Y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Séptimo Piso UPA, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Addressing communication challenges in older patients with cancer and geriatric syndromes: a communication skills training module for health care providers. Eur Geriatr Med 2019; 10:319-326. [PMID: 34652754 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-018-00157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Older adults frequently suffer from functional decline and sensory changes which, in turn, may trigger ageism, i.e., stereotyping and discriminating against individuals based on their age. Ageism commonly interferes with medical care. Communication strategies can be used to counteract ageism and to engage in optimal patient-centered care. This study describes the development, application, and evaluation of a communication skills training (CST) module (Geriatrics 101) designed to familiarize health care providers (HCPs) with the concept of ageism, and the frequent sensory and physical impairments in older patients with cancer, and to teach practical communication skills to effectively communicate with these patients. METHODS Geriatrics 101 is one of three modules in a 1-day CST program for HCPs, intended to improve the outcome of consultations through utilization of a set of clinically meaningful strategies. Study measures included post-training module evaluation, self-efficacy measured pre- and post-training, and communication skills uptake assessed pre- and post-training. RESULTS 97 clinicians participated over 2 years. Over 90% of participants rated the module favorably. Participants' self-efficacy to communicate efficiently with older patients with impairments improved significantly from pre- (M = 3.52, SD 0.85) to post-module training (M = 4.26, SD 0.50). Participants also demonstrated significant uptake of three skills-invite agenda, transition, and normalize. CONCLUSION The successful development and application of our program paves the way for future research that focuses on the evaluation of such geriatric-focused communication training in clinical settings, assessing patient-reported outcomes.
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Rucker R, Barlow PB, Hartshorn J, Kaufman L, Smith B, Kossioni A, Marchini L. Dual institution validation of an ageism scale for dental students. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2018; 39:28-33. [DOI: 10.1111/scd.12341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Rucker
- The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Patrick B. Barlow
- Department of Internal Medicine; The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jennifer Hartshorn
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry; The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Laura Kaufman
- Department of General Dentistry; Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Becky Smith
- Department of Restorative Clinical Sciences; University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Anastasia Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology; Department of Prosthodontics; Dental School; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Greece
| | - Leonardo Marchini
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry; The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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