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Feng F, Yang G, Ma X, Zhang J, Huang C, Ma X, La Y, Yan P, Zhandui P, Liang C. Polymorphisms within the PRKG1 Gene of Gannan Yaks and Their Association with Milk Quality Characteristics. Foods 2024; 13:1913. [PMID: 38928854 PMCID: PMC11203268 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Yak milk, known as the "liquid gold", is a nutritious food with extensive consumption. Compared with cow milk, yak milk contains higher levels of nutrients such as dry matter, milk fat, and milk protein, which demonstrates great potential for exploitation and utilization. Protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1 (PRKG1) is an important functional molecule in the cGMP signaling pathway, and its significant influence on milk fatty acids has been discovered. The aim of this study is to explore the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the PRKG1 gene and the quality traits of Gannan yak milk in order to identify candidate molecular markers for Gannan yak breeding. In this study, genotyping was performed on 172 healthy, 4-5-year-old lactating Gannan yaks with similar body types, naturally grazed, and two to three parity. Three SNPs (g.404195C>T, g.404213C>T, and g.760138T>C) were detected in the PRKG1 gene of Gannan yaks, which were uniformly distributed in the yak population. Linkage disequilibrium analysis was conducted, revealing complete linkage disequilibrium between g.404195C>T and g.404213C>T. After conducting a correlation analysis between SNPs in the PRKG1 gene and milk quality in Gannan yaks, we found that PRKG1 SNPs significantly increased the content of casein, protein, and SNFs in yak milk. Among them, the TT homozygous genotype at the PRKG1 g.404195C>T loci exhibited higher casein and protein contents compared to the CC and CT genotypes (p < 0.05). The SNP g.760138T>C locus was associated with casein, protein, SNFs, and TS traits (p < 0.05). The CC genotype had higher casein and protein contents than the TT and TA genotypes (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in milk fat, lactose, and acidity among the three genotypes (p > 0.05). In summary, PRKG1 gene polymorphism can serve as a candidate molecular marker for improving milk quality in Gannan yaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Guowu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaoyong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Juanxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Chun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yongfu La
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Pingcuo Zhandui
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lasa 850004, China
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (F.F.); (G.Y.); (X.M.); (J.Z.); (C.H.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (P.Y.)
- Plateau Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, Lasa 850004, China
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Isselbacher EM, Preventza O, Hamilton Black J, Augoustides JG, Beck AW, Bolen MA, Braverman AC, Bray BE, Brown-Zimmerman MM, Chen EP, Collins TJ, DeAnda A, Fanola CL, Girardi LN, Hicks CW, Hui DS, Schuyler Jones W, Kalahasti V, Kim KM, Milewicz DM, Oderich GS, Ogbechie L, Promes SB, Ross EG, Schermerhorn ML, Singleton Times S, Tseng EE, Wang GJ, Woo YJ, Faxon DP, Upchurch GR, Aday AW, Azizzadeh A, Boisen M, Hawkins B, Kramer CM, Luc JGY, MacGillivray TE, Malaisrie SC, Osteen K, Patel HJ, Patel PJ, Popescu WM, Rodriguez E, Sorber R, Tsao PS, Santos Volgman A, Beckman JA, Otto CM, O'Gara PT, Armbruster A, Birtcher KK, de Las Fuentes L, Deswal A, Dixon DL, Gorenek B, Haynes N, Hernandez AF, Joglar JA, Jones WS, Mark D, Mukherjee D, Palaniappan L, Piano MR, Rab T, Spatz ES, Tamis-Holland JE, Woo YJ. 2022 ACC/AHA guideline for the diagnosis and management of aortic disease: A report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 166:e182-e331. [PMID: 37389507 PMCID: PMC10784847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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3
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Hao X, Cheng S, Jiang B, Xin S. Applying multi-omics techniques to the discovery of biomarkers for acute aortic dissection. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:961991. [PMID: 36588568 PMCID: PMC9797526 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.961991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a cardiovascular disease that manifests suddenly and fatally. Due to the lack of specific early symptoms, many patients with AAD are often overlooked or misdiagnosed, which is undoubtedly catastrophic for patients. The particular pathogenic mechanism of AAD is yet unknown, which makes clinical pharmacological therapy extremely difficult. Therefore, it is necessary and crucial to find and employ unique biomarkers for Acute aortic dissection (AAD) as soon as possible in clinical practice and research. This will aid in the early detection of AAD and give clear guidelines for the creation of focused treatment agents. This goal has been made attainable over the past 20 years by the quick advancement of omics technologies and the development of high-throughput tissue specimen biomarker screening. The primary histology data support and add to one another to create a more thorough and three-dimensional picture of the disease. Based on the introduction of the main histology technologies, in this review, we summarize the current situation and most recent developments in the application of multi-omics technologies to AAD biomarker discovery and emphasize the significance of concentrating on integration concepts for integrating multi-omics data. In this context, we seek to offer fresh concepts and recommendations for fundamental investigation, perspective innovation, and therapeutic development in AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Hao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Cheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijie Xin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, Liaoning, China,*Correspondence: Shijie Xin,
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4
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Isselbacher EM, Preventza O, Hamilton Black J, Augoustides JG, Beck AW, Bolen MA, Braverman AC, Bray BE, Brown-Zimmerman MM, Chen EP, Collins TJ, DeAnda A, Fanola CL, Girardi LN, Hicks CW, Hui DS, Schuyler Jones W, Kalahasti V, Kim KM, Milewicz DM, Oderich GS, Ogbechie L, Promes SB, Gyang Ross E, Schermerhorn ML, Singleton Times S, Tseng EE, Wang GJ, Woo YJ. 2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2022; 146:e334-e482. [PMID: 36322642 PMCID: PMC9876736 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 397] [Impact Index Per Article: 198.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. Structure: Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce E Bray
- AHA/ACC Joint Committee on Clinical Data Standards liaison
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Y Joseph Woo
- AHA/ACC Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines liaison
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5
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Isselbacher EM, Preventza O, Hamilton Black Iii J, Augoustides JG, Beck AW, Bolen MA, Braverman AC, Bray BE, Brown-Zimmerman MM, Chen EP, Collins TJ, DeAnda A, Fanola CL, Girardi LN, Hicks CW, Hui DS, Jones WS, Kalahasti V, Kim KM, Milewicz DM, Oderich GS, Ogbechie L, Promes SB, Ross EG, Schermerhorn ML, Times SS, Tseng EE, Wang GJ, Woo YJ. 2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease: A Report of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 80:e223-e393. [PMID: 36334952 PMCID: PMC9860464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM The "2022 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Aortic Disease" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the diagnosis, genetic evaluation and family screening, medical therapy, endovascular and surgical treatment, and long-term surveillance of patients with aortic disease across its multiple clinical presentation subsets (ie, asymptomatic, stable symptomatic, and acute aortic syndromes). METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January 2021 to April 2021, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINHL Complete, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through June 2022 during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Recommendations from previously published AHA/ACC guidelines on thoracic aortic disease, peripheral artery disease, and bicuspid aortic valve disease have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing comprehensive care for patients with aortic disease have been developed. There is added emphasis on the role of shared decision making, especially in the management of patients with aortic disease both before and during pregnancy. The is also an increased emphasis on the importance of institutional interventional volume and multidisciplinary aortic team expertise in the care of patients with aortic disease.
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6
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Salmasi MY, Morris-Rosendahl D, Jarral OA, Rosendahl U, Asimakopoulos G, Raja S, Aragon-Martin JA, Child A, Pepper J, Oo A, Athanasiou T. Determining the genetic contribution in patients with non-syndromic ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms: Correlation with findings from computational pathology. Int J Cardiol 2022; 366:1-9. [PMID: 35830949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to identify the clinical utility of targeted-genetic sequencing in a cohort of patients with TAA and establish a new method for regional histological characterisation of TAA disease. METHODS Fifty-four patients undergoing surgery for proximal TAA were recruited. EXCLUSIONS connective tissue disease, bicuspid aortic valves, redo surgery. All patients underwent next generation sequencing (NGS) using a custom gene panel containing 63 genes previously associated with TAA on Illumina MiSeqor NextSeq550 platforms. Explanted TAA tissue was obtained en-bloc from 34/54 patients, and complete circumferential strips of TAA tissue processed into whole slides which were subsequently digitalised. Computational pathology methods were employed to quantify elastin, cellularity and collagen in six equally divided regions across the whole aneurysm circumference. RESULTS Of 54 patients, clearly pathogenic or potentially pathogenic variants were found in 7.4%: namely LOX, PRKG1, TGFBR1 and SMAD3 genes. 55% had at least one variant of unknown significance (VUS) and seven of the VUSs were in genes with a strong disease association (category A) genes, whilst 15 were from moderate risk (category B) genes. Elastin and collagen abundance displayed high regional variation throughout the aneurysm circumference. In patients with <60% total elastin, the loss of elastin was more significant on the outer curve (38.0% vs 47.4%, p = 0.0094). The presence of VUS, higher pulse wave velocity and advancing age were predictors of elastin loss (regression analysis: p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the heterogeneity of TAA disease microstructure and the potential link between histological appearance and clinical factors, including genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Omar A Jarral
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | | | - Shahzad Raja
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Anne Child
- Guy Scadding Building, Marfan Trust, London, UK; Sonalee Laboratory, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - John Pepper
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Aung Oo
- Aortovascular Unit, Barts Heart Centre, UK
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Schwaerzer GK, Casteel DE, Cividini F, Kalyanaraman H, Zhuang S, Gu Y, Peterson KL, Dillmann W, Boss GR, Pilz RB, Pilz RB. Constitutive protein kinase G activation exacerbates stress-induced cardiomyopathy. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:2413-2429. [PMID: 34000062 PMCID: PMC9926932 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Heart failure is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and new therapeutic targets are needed. Preclinical data suggest that pharmacological activation of protein kinase G (PKG) can reduce maladaptive ventricular remodelling and cardiac dysfunction in the stressed heart. However, clinical trial results have been mixed and the effects of long-term PKG activation in the heart are unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We characterized the cardiac phenotype of mice carrying a heterozygous knock-in mutation of PKG1 (Prkg1R177Q/+ ), which causes constitutive, cGMP-independent activation of the kinase. We examined isolated cardiac myocytes and intact mice, the latter after stress induced by surgical transaortic constriction or angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion. KEY RESULTS Cardiac myocytes from Prkg1R177Q/+ mice showed altered phosphorylation of sarcomeric proteins and reduced contractility in response to electrical stimulation, compared to cells from wild type mice. Under basal conditions, young PKG1R177Q/+ mice exhibited no obvious cardiac abnormalities, but aging animals developed mild increases in cardiac fibrosis. In response to angiotensin II infusion or fixed pressure overload induced by transaortic constriction, young PKGR177Q/+ mice exhibited excessive hypertrophic remodelling with increased fibrosis and myocyte apoptosis, leading to increased left ventricular dilation and dysfunction compared to wild type litter mates. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Long-term PKG1 activation in mice may be harmful to the heart, especially in the presence of pressure overload and neurohumoral stress. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed issue on cGMP Signalling in Cell Growth and Survival. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerburg K. Schwaerzer
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093,These three authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Darren E. Casteel
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093,These three authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Federico Cividini
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093,These three authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Hema Kalyanaraman
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Shunhui Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Yusu Gu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Kirk L. Peterson
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Wolfgang Dillmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Gerry R. Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Renate B. Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093,Correspondence should be addressed to R.B.P. ()
| | - Renate B Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
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8
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Rombouts KB, van Merrienboer TAR, Ket JCF, Bogunovic N, van der Velden J, Yeung KK. The role of vascular smooth muscle cells in the development of aortic aneurysms and dissections. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13697. [PMID: 34698377 PMCID: PMC9285394 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic aneurysms (AA) are pathological dilations of the aorta, associated with an overall mortality rate up to 90% in case of rupture. In addition to dilation, the aortic layers can separate by a tear within the layers, defined as aortic dissections (AD). Vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMC) are the predominant cell type within the aortic wall and dysregulation of vSMC functions contributes to AA and AD development and progression. However, since the exact underlying mechanism is poorly understood, finding potential therapeutic targets for AA and AD is challenging and surgery remains the only treatment option. METHODS In this review, we summarize current knowledge about vSMC functions within the aortic wall and give an overview of how vSMC functions are altered in AA and AD pathogenesis, organized per anatomical location (abdominal or thoracic aorta). RESULTS Important functions of vSMC in healthy or diseased conditions are apoptosis, phenotypic switch, extracellular matrix regeneration and degradation, proliferation and contractility. Stressors within the aortic wall, including inflammatory cell infiltration and (epi)genetic changes, modulate vSMC functions and cause disturbance of processes within vSMC, such as changes in TGF-β signalling and regulatory RNA expression. CONCLUSION This review underscores a central role of vSMC dysfunction in abdominal and thoracic AA and AD development and progression. Further research focused on vSMC dysfunction in the aortic wall is necessary to find potential targets for noninvasive AA and AD treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn B Rombouts
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center and AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tara A R van Merrienboer
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center and AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Natalija Bogunovic
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center and AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kak Khee Yeung
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center and AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Update on the molecular landscape of thoracic aortic aneurysmal disease. Curr Opin Cardiol 2022; 37:201-211. [PMID: 35175228 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000000954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAADs) are a major health problem in the Western population. This review summarises recent discoveries in the genetic landscape of TAAD disease, discusses current challenges in clinical practice, and describes the molecular road ahead in TAAD research. Disorders, in which aneurysmal disease is not observed in the thoracic aorta, are not discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Current gene discovery studies have pinpointed about 40 genes associated with TAAD risk, accounting for about 30% of the patients. Importantly, novel genes, and their subsequent functional characterisation, have expanded the knowledge on disease-related pathways providing crucial information on key elements in this disease, and it pinpoints new therapeutic targets. Moreover, current molecular evidence also suggests the existence of less monogenic nature of TAAD disease, in which the presentation of a diseased patient is most likely influenced by a multitude of genetic and environmental factors. SUMMARY CLINICAL PRACTICE/RELEVANCE Ongoing molecular genetic research continues to expand our understanding on the pathomechanisms underlying TAAD disease in order to improve molecular diagnosis, optimise risk stratification, advance therapeutic strategies and facilitate counselling of TAAD patients and their families.
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10
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Toral M, de la Fuente-Alonso A, Campanero MR, Redondo JM. The NO signalling pathway in aortic aneurysm and dissection. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1287-1303. [PMID: 34599830 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that NO is a central mediator in diseases associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm, such as Marfan syndrome. The progressive dilation of the aorta in thoracic aortic aneurysm ultimately leads to aortic dissection. Unfortunately, current medical treatments have neither halt aortic enlargement nor prevented rupture, leaving surgical repair as the only effective treatment. There is therefore a pressing need for effective therapies to delay or even avoid the need for surgical repair in thoracic aortic aneurysm patients. Here, we summarize the mechanisms through which NO signalling dysregulation causes thoracic aortic aneurysm, particularly in Marfan syndrome. We discuss recent advances based on the identification of new Marfan syndrome mediators related to pathway overactivation that represent potential disease biomarkers. Likewise, we propose iNOS, sGC and PRKG1, whose pharmacological inhibition reverses aortopathy in Marfan syndrome mice, as targets for therapeutic intervention in thoracic aortic aneurysm and are candidates for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Toral
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea de la Fuente-Alonso
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel R Campanero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Redondo
- Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Remodeling and Inflammation Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
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11
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The impact of genetic factors and testing on operative indications and extent of surgery for aortopathy. JTCVS OPEN 2021; 6:15-23. [PMID: 36003569 PMCID: PMC9390368 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Rare Causes of Arterial Hypertension and Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms-A Case-Based Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11030446. [PMID: 33807627 PMCID: PMC8001303 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysms may result in dissection with fatal consequences if undetected. A young male patient with no relevant familial history, after having been investigated for hypertension, was diagnosed with an ascending aortic aneurysm involving the aortic root and the proximal tubular segment, associated with a septal atrial defect. The patient underwent a Bentall surgery protocol without complications. Clinical examination revealed dorso-lumbar scoliosis and no other signs of underlying connective tissue disease. Microscopic examination revealed strikingly severe medial degeneration of the aorta, with areas of deep disorganization of the medial musculo-elastic structural units and mucoid material deposition. Genetic testing found a variant of unknown significance the PRKG1 gene encoding the protein kinase cGMP-dependent 1, which is important in blood pressure regulation. There may be genetic links between high blood pressure and thoracic aortic aneurysm determinants. Hypertension was found in FBN1 gene mutations encoding fibrillin and in PRKG1 mutations. Possible mechanisms involving the renin-angiotensin system, the role of oxidative stress, osteopontin, epigenetic modifications and other genes are reviewed. Close follow-up and strict hypertension control are required to reduce the risk of dissection. Hypertension, scoliosis and other extra-aortic signs suggesting a connective tissue disease are possible clues for diagnosis.
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13
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Schwaerzer GK, Kalyanaraman H, Casteel DE, Dalton ND, Gu Y, Lee S, Zhuang S, Wahwah N, Schilling JM, Patel HH, Zhang Q, Makino A, Milewicz DM, Peterson KL, Boss GR, Pilz RB. Aortic pathology from protein kinase G activation is prevented by an antioxidant vitamin B 12 analog. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3533. [PMID: 31387997 PMCID: PMC6684604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
People heterozygous for an activating mutation in protein kinase G1 (PRKG1, p.Arg177Gln) develop thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAAD) as young adults. Here we report that mice heterozygous for the mutation have a three-fold increase in basal protein kinase G (PKG) activity, and develop age-dependent aortic dilation. Prkg1R177Q/+ aortas show increased smooth muscle cell apoptosis, elastin fiber breaks, and oxidative stress compared to aortas from wild type littermates. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC)—to increase wall stress in the ascending aorta—induces severe aortic pathology and mortality from aortic rupture in young mutant mice. The free radical-neutralizing vitamin B12-analog cobinamide completely prevents age-related aortic wall degeneration, and the unrelated anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine ameliorates TAC-induced pathology. Thus, increased basal PKG activity induces oxidative stress in the aorta, raising concern about the widespread clinical use of PKG-activating drugs. Cobinamide could be a treatment for aortic aneurysms where oxidative stress contributes to the disease, including Marfan syndrome. Individuals carrying a gain-of-function mutation in PKG1 develop thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. Here Schwaerzer et al. show that mice carrying the same mutation recapitulate the human disease, and find that treatment with anti-oxidants including cobinamide, a vitamin B12 analog, prevents disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerburg K Schwaerzer
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hema Kalyanaraman
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Darren E Casteel
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nancy D Dalton
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yusu Gu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Seunghoe Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shunhui Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nisreen Wahwah
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jan M Schilling
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ayako Makino
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Division of Medical Genetics and Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kirk L Peterson
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gerry R Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Renate B Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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14
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Shalhub S, Regalado ES, Guo DC, Milewicz DM. The natural history of type B aortic dissection in patients with PRKG1 mutation c.530G>A (p.Arg177Gln). J Vasc Surg 2019; 70:718-723. [PMID: 30871887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The c.530G>A (p.Arg177Gln) mutation in PRKG1 has been shown to be associated with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. This rare mutation accounts for an estimated 1% of nonsyndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease. We sought to describe the clinical presentation of type B aortic dissection (TBAD), management, and outcomes in patients with this mutation. METHODS This is a descriptive multi-institutional retrospective study of patients from six families with the PRKG1 mutation. Patients with TBAD were selected for analysis. Demographics, family histories, TBAD management, and outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS Of the 29 individuals diagnosed with the PRKG1 mutation, 12 (41.3%) had TBAD (50% male, TBAD median age: 31 years [range, 16-58 years], median follow-up: 6 years [range, 3-15 years] after TBAD). All had a family history of aortic dissections and none had features of Marfan syndrome. The median size of the descending thoracic aorta (DTA) at TBAD was 4.1 cm (range, 3.8-5 cm). Most cases (9 acute TBAD, 1 incidental TBAD diagnosis during screening) were managed medically. One case had open DTA repair the acute phase. Repair for dissection-related aneurysmal degeneration was performed in seven cases (58.3%) in the chronic phase at a median of 2 years (range, 1-8 years) after TBAD. In four cases (33.3%), the DTA remained stable in size over a range of 1 to 7 years after TBAD. Type A aortic dissection subsequent to TBAD occurred in three cases (25%). There were four (33.3%) deaths in the series, all aortic related at a median age of 24 years (range, 19-43 years). CONCLUSIONS The PRKG1 (p.Arg177Gln) mutation although rare is associated with nonsyndromic TBAD in young and middle-aged patients. Workup for this gene mutation should be included as part of the workup for TBAD etiology in relatively young patients and those with familial history of aortic dissections. Once diagnosed, testing of first-degree family members is warranted. In all individuals with a PRKG1 mutation, close follow-up for aortic root dilatation and hypertension control is essential to reduce the risk of type A or type B aortic dissection, and in cases of TBAD, to decrease the risk of dissection-related aneurysmal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherene Shalhub
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash.
| | - Ellen S Regalado
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex
| | - Dong-Chuan Guo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Tex
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15
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Zhang W, Han Q, Liu Z, Zhou W, Cao Q, Zhou W. Exome sequencing reveals a de novo PRKG1 mutation in a sporadic patient with aortic dissection. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:218. [PMID: 30577811 PMCID: PMC6303953 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a common condition associated with high mortality. It is predominantly inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with reduced penetrance and variable expression. The genetic basis of the majority of TAAD cases remains unknown. Case presentation We described a 53 years old male presented with abdominal aortic dissection as well as aortic tortuosity. To investigate the genetic basis of the clinical presentation, whole-exome sequencing was performed. Exome sequencing identified a de novo heterozygous undescribed mutation in the PRKG1 gene (NM_001098512.2: c.1108 G > A), predicted to cause the missense change p.Gly370Ser in the ATP binding motif of the protein. This mutation was not reported in the dbSNP, 1000 Genome Project, and Exome sequencing databases. Furthermore, the Glycine370 residue of PRKG1 is highly conserved among various species and it is predicted to be damaging by multiple in silico programs, suggesting that this substitution may cause a major disruption of protein function. To our knowledge, this is the second reported mutation locus of PRKG1 accounting for the disease. Conclusions Our study expands the mutation spectrum of PRKG1 and clinical phenotype of mutation-carriers. Screening for PRKG1 mutations should be considered in patients with unexplained aortic disease, and identification of the causative gene will aid in individualized, gene-tailored management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No 1#, Minde Road, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qian Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No 1#, Minde Road, Nanchang, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weimin Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No 1#, Minde Road, Nanchang, China.
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16
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Managing the aorta in patients with a PRKG1 mutation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 157:e107-e109. [PMID: 30415903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Adlbrecht C, Blanco-Verea A, Bouzas-Mosquera MC, Brion M, Burtscher M, Carbone F, Chang TT, Charmandari E, Chen JW, Correia-Costa L, Dullaart RPF, Eleftheriades M, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Goliasch G, Gremmel T, Groeneveld ME, Henrique A, Huelsmann M, Jung C, Lichtenauer M, Montecucco F, Nicolaides NC, Niessner A, Palmeira C, Pirklbauer M, Sanchez-Niño MD, Sotiriadis A, Sousa T, Sulzgruber P, van Beek AP, Veronese N, Winter MP, Yeung KK, Bouzas-Mosquera A. Research update for articles published in EJCI in 2016. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e13016. [PMID: 30099749 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Adlbrecht
- Fourth Medical Department, Hietzing Hospital, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardiovascular and Intensive Care Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alejandro Blanco-Verea
- Xenética Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.,Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - María Brion
- Xenética Cardiovascular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.,Medicina Xenómica, Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinical of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ting-Ting Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liane Correia-Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Makarios Eleftheriades
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Menno Evert Groeneveld
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandrino Henrique
- Serviço de Cirurgia A - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Martin Huelsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Department of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinical of Internal Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Nicolas C Nicolaides
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Niessner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Markus Pirklbauer
- Department for Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Alexandros Sotiriadis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Hippokrateion" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Teresa Sousa
- Department of Biomedicine - Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,MedInUP - Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrick Sulzgruber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - André P van Beek
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Max-Paul Winter
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kak Khee Yeung
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alberto Bouzas-Mosquera
- Unidad de Imagen y Función Cardiacas, Servicio de Cardiología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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18
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Yan X, Huang Y, Wu J. Identify Cross Talk Between Circadian Rhythm and Coronary Heart Disease by Multiple Correlation Analysis. J Comput Biol 2018; 25:1312-1327. [PMID: 30234379 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2017.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorder in circadian rhythm has been revealed as a risk factor for coronary heart disease. Several studies in molecular biology established a gene interaction network using coronary heart susceptibility genes and the circadian rhythm pathway. However, cross talk between genes was mostly discovered in single gene pairs. There might be combination sets of genes intergraded as a unit to regulate the network. To resolve multiple variables in coronary heart susceptibility genes controlling circadian rhythm pathways, a multiple correlation analysis was applied to the transcriptome. Nine genes, including CUGBP, Elav-like family member (CELF); sodium leak channel, nonselective (NALCN); protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B gamma (PPP2R2C); tubulin alpha 1c (TUBA1C); microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4); cofilin 1 (CFL1); myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7); QKI, KH domain containing RNA binding (QKI); and maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), from coronary heart susceptibility were identified to predict the outcome of a linear combination of circadian rhythm pathway genes with R factor more than 0.7. G protein subunit alpha o1 (GNAO1), protein kinase C gamma (PRKCG), RBX, and G protein subunit beta 1 (GNB1) in the circadian rhythm pathway are characterized as combination variables to coexpress with coronary heart susceptibility genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yan
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Huang
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Institute of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiabin Wu
- 2 Department of Nephrology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou, China
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19
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Mariscalco G, Debiec R, Elefteriades JA, Samani NJ, Murphy GJ. Systematic Review of Studies That Have Evaluated Screening Tests in Relatives of Patients Affected by Nonsyndromic Thoracic Aortic Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e009302. [PMID: 30371227 PMCID: PMC6201478 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Nonsyndromic thoracic aortic diseases ( NS - TADs ) are often silent entities until they present as life-threatening emergencies. Despite familial inheritance being common, screening is not the current standard of care in NS - TAD s. We sought to determine the incidence of aortic diseases, the predictive accuracy of available screening tests, and the effectiveness of screening programs in relatives of patients affected by NS - TADs . Methods and Results A systematic literature search on PubMed/ MEDLINE , Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to the end of December 2017. The search was supplemented with the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database. A total of 53 studies were included, and a total of 2696 NS - TAD relatives were screened. Screening was genetic in 49% of studies, followed by imaging techniques in 11% and a combination of the 2 in 40%. Newly affected individuals were identified in 33%, 24%, and 15% of first-, second-, and third-degree relatives, respectively. Familial NS - TAD s were primarily attributed to single-gene mutations, expressed in an autosomal dominant pattern with incomplete penetrance. Specific gene mutations were observed in 25% of the screened families. Disease subtype and genetic mutations stratified patients with respect to age of presentation, aneurysmal location, and aortic diameter before dissection. Relatives of patients with sporadic NS - TAD s were also found to be affected. No studies evaluated the predictive accuracy of imaging or genetic screening tests, or the clinical or cost-effectiveness of an NS - TAD screening program. Conclusions First- and second-degree relatives of patients affected by both familial and sporadic NS - TAD s may benefit from personalized screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Mariscalco
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research CentreLeicesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Radoslaw Debiec
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research CentreLeicesterUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research CentreLeicesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Gavin J. Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research CentreLeicesterUnited Kingdom
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20
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Lock MC, Botting KJ, Tellam RL, Brooks D, Morrison JL. Adverse Intrauterine Environment and Cardiac miRNA Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122628. [PMID: 29210999 PMCID: PMC5751231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental insufficiency, high altitude pregnancies, maternal obesity/diabetes, maternal undernutrition and stress can result in a poor setting for growth of the developing fetus. These adverse intrauterine environments result in physiological changes to the developing heart that impact how the heart will function in postnatal life. The intrauterine environment plays a key role in the complex interplay between genes and the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate their expression. In this review we describe how an adverse intrauterine environment can influence the expression of miRNAs (a sub-set of non-coding RNAs) and how these changes may impact heart development. Potential consequences of altered miRNA expression in the fetal heart include; Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) activation, dysregulation of angiogenesis, mitochondrial abnormalities and altered glucose and fatty acid transport/metabolism. It is important to understand how miRNAs are altered in these adverse environments to identify key pathways that can be targeted using miRNA mimics or inhibitors to condition an improved developmental response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell C Lock
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group; School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Kimberley J Botting
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group; School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Ross L Tellam
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group; School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
- CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Rd, St. Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia.
| | - Doug Brooks
- Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Janna L Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group; School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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21
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Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are a major health problem because they account for 1-2% of all deaths in the Western population. Although abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are more prevalent than thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs), TAAs have been more exhaustively studied over the past 2 decades because they have a higher heritability and affect younger individuals. Gene identification in both syndromic and nonsyndromic TAA is proceeding at a rapid pace and has already pinpointed >20 genes associated with familial TAA risk. Whereas these genes explain <30% of all cases of familial TAA, their functional characterization has substantially improved our knowledge of the underlying pathological mechanisms. As such, perturbed extracellular matrix homeostasis, transforming growth factor-β signalling, and vascular smooth muscle cell contractility have been proposed as important processes in TAA pathogenesis. These new insights enable novel treatment options that are currently being investigated in large clinical trials. Moreover, together with the advent of next-generation sequencing approaches, these genetic findings are promoting a shift in the management of patients with TAA by enabling gene-tailored interventions. In this Review, we comprehensively describe the molecular landscape of familial TAA, and we discuss whether familial TAA, from a biological point of view, can serve as a paradigm for the genetically more complex forms of the condition, such as sporadic TAA or AAA.
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