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Cong M, Hu JJ, Yu Y, Li XL, Sun XT, Wang LT, Wu X, Zhu LJ, Yang XJ, He QR, Ding F, Shi HY. miRNA-21-5p is an important contributor to the promotion of injured peripheral nerve regeneration using hypoxia-pretreated bone marrow-derived neural crest cells. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:277-290. [PMID: 38767492 PMCID: PMC11246143 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202501000-00035/figure1/v/2024-05-14T021156Z/r/image-tiff Our previous study found that rat bone marrow-derived neural crest cells (acting as Schwann cell progenitors) have the potential to promote long-distance nerve repair. Cell-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular communication. Nevertheless, the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain unclear. To investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves, we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells, and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation. The mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells. We performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells. Subsequently, to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons, we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro, and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons, which was greatly dependent on loaded miR-21-5p. Finally, we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb, as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs, were obviously restored. These findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in miRNA-21-5p. miRNA-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell secretome. This helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and extracellular vesicles of neural crest cells in repairing damaged peripheral nerves, and also promotes the application of miR-21-5p in tissue engineering regeneration medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cong
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Hu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Physiology, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Sun
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling-Jie Zhu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Yang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qian-Ru He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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Areti A, Komirishetty P, Zochodne DW. Collaborative Roles for RAC1, ERM Proteins and PTEN During Adult Sensory Axon Regeneration. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04273-7. [PMID: 38904854 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The role of local of growth cone (GC) manipulation in adult regenerative systems is largely unexplored despite substantial translational importance. Here we investigated collaboration among Rac1 GTPase, its partnering ERM proteins and PTEN in adult sensory neurons and adult nerve regeneration. We confirmed expression of both Rac1 and ERM in adults and noted substantial impacts on neurite outgrowth in naïve and pre-injured adult sensory neurons. PTEN inhibition added to this outgrowth. Rac1 activation acted directly on adult GCs facilitating both attractive turning and advancement. In vivo regeneration indices including electrophysiological recovery, return of sensation, walking, repopulation of myelinated axons and reinnervation of the target epidermis indicated benefits of local Rac1 activation. These indices suggested maximal GC activation whereas local PTEN inhibition offered only limited added improvement. Our findings provide support for the concept of manipulating adult GCs, by emphasizing local Rac1 activation in directing therapy for nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Areti
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 7-132 Clinical Sciences Building 11350-83 Ave, T6G 2G3, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Prashanth Komirishetty
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 7-132 Clinical Sciences Building 11350-83 Ave, T6G 2G3, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Douglas W Zochodne
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 7-132 Clinical Sciences Building 11350-83 Ave, T6G 2G3, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Jafarisavari Z, Ai J, Abbas Mirzaei S, Soleimannejad M, Asadpour S. Development of new nanofibrous nerve conduits by PCL-Chitosan-Hyaluronic acid containing Piracetam-Vitamin B12 for sciatic nerve: A rat model. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:123978. [PMID: 38458406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a critical condition that can disrupt nerve functions. Despite the progress in engineering artificial nerve guidance conduits (NGCs), nerve regeneration remains challenging. Here, we developed new nanofibrous NGCs using polycaprolactone (PCL) and chitosan (CH) containing piracetam (PIR)/vitamin B12(VITB12) with an electrospinning method. The lumen of NGCs was coated by hyaluronic acid (HA) to promote regeneration in sciatic nerve injury. The NGCs were characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), tensile, swelling, contact angle, degradation, and drug release tests. Neuronal precursor cell line (PCL12 cell) and rat mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (MSCs) were seeded on the nanofibrous conduits. After that, the biocompatibility of the NGCs was evaluated by the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and SEM images. The SEM demonstrated that PCL/CH/PIR/VITB12 NGCs had nonaligned, interconnected, smooth fibers. The mechanical properties of these NGCs were similar to rat sciatic nerve. These conduits had an appropriate swelling and degradation rate. The In Vitro studies exhibited favorable biocompatibility of the PCL/CH/PIR/VITB12 NGCs towards PC12 cells and MSCs. The in vitro studies exhibited favorable biocompatibility of the PCL/CH/PIR/VIT B12 NGCs towards MSCs and PC12 cells. To analyze functional efficacy, NGCs were implanted into a 10 mm Wistar rat sciatic nerve gap and bridged the proximal and distal stump of the defect. After three months, the results of sciatic functional index (55.3 ± 1.8), hot plate latency test (5.6 ± 0.5 s), gastrocnemius muscle wet weight-loss (38.57 ± 1.6 %) and histopathological examination using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) /toluidine blue/ Anti-Neurofilament (NF200) staining demonstrated that the produced conduit recovered motor and sensory functions and had comparable nerve regeneration compared to the autograft that can be as the gold standard to bridge the nerve gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafarisavari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mostafa Soleimannejad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shiva Asadpour
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Viana D, Walston ST, Masvidal-Codina E, Illa X, Rodríguez-Meana B, Del Valle J, Hayward A, Dodd A, Loret T, Prats-Alfonso E, de la Oliva N, Palma M, Del Corro E, Del Pilar Bernicola M, Rodríguez-Lucas E, Gener T, de la Cruz JM, Torres-Miranda M, Duvan FT, Ria N, Sperling J, Martí-Sánchez S, Spadaro MC, Hébert C, Savage S, Arbiol J, Guimerà-Brunet A, Puig MV, Yvert B, Navarro X, Kostarelos K, Garrido JA. Nanoporous graphene-based thin-film microelectrodes for in vivo high-resolution neural recording and stimulation. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:514-523. [PMID: 38212522 PMCID: PMC11026161 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
One of the critical factors determining the performance of neural interfaces is the electrode material used to establish electrical communication with the neural tissue, which needs to meet strict electrical, electrochemical, mechanical, biological and microfabrication compatibility requirements. This work presents a nanoporous graphene-based thin-film technology and its engineering to form flexible neural interfaces. The developed technology allows the fabrication of small microelectrodes (25 µm diameter) while achieving low impedance (∼25 kΩ) and high charge injection (3-5 mC cm-2). In vivo brain recording performance assessed in rodents reveals high-fidelity recordings (signal-to-noise ratio >10 dB for local field potentials), while stimulation performance assessed with an intrafascicular implant demonstrates low current thresholds (<100 µA) and high selectivity (>0.8) for activating subsets of axons within the rat sciatic nerve innervating tibialis anterior and plantar interosseous muscles. Furthermore, the tissue biocompatibility of the devices was validated by chronic epicortical (12 week) and intraneural (8 week) implantation. This work describes a graphene-based thin-film microelectrode technology and demonstrates its potential for high-precision and high-resolution neural interfacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damià Viana
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Steven T Walston
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Masvidal-Codina
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavi Illa
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Rodríguez-Meana
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Del Valle
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Secció de Fisiologia, Department de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Hayward
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Abbie Dodd
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas Loret
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Elisabet Prats-Alfonso
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natàlia de la Oliva
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Palma
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Elena Del Corro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Del Pilar Bernicola
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Rodríguez-Lucas
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Gener
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel de la Cruz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Torres-Miranda
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fikret Taygun Duvan
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicola Ria
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Justin Sperling
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Martí-Sánchez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Chiara Spadaro
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clément Hébert
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sinead Savage
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anton Guimerà-Brunet
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M Victoria Puig
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blaise Yvert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Nanomedicine Lab, National Graphene Institute and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, Manchester, UK.
| | - Jose A Garrido
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
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Redolfi Riva E, Özkan M, Contreras E, Pawar S, Zinno C, Escarda-Castro E, Kim J, Wieringa P, Stellacci F, Micera S, Navarro X. Beyond the limiting gap length: peripheral nerve regeneration through implantable nerve guidance conduits. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1371-1404. [PMID: 38363090 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01163a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve damage results in the loss of sensorimotor and autonomic functions, which is a significant burden to patients. Furthermore, nerve injuries greater than the limiting gap length require surgical repair. Although autografts are the preferred clinical choice, their usage is impeded by their limited availability, dimensional mismatch, and the sacrifice of another functional donor nerve. Accordingly, nerve guidance conduits, which are tubular scaffolds engineered to provide a biomimetic environment for nerve regeneration, have emerged as alternatives to autografts. Consequently, a few nerve guidance conduits have received clinical approval for the repair of short-mid nerve gaps but failed to regenerate limiting gap damage, which represents the bottleneck of this technology. Thus, it is still necessary to optimize the morphology and constituent materials of conduits. This review summarizes the recent advances in nerve conduit technology. Several manufacturing techniques and conduit designs are discussed, with emphasis on the structural improvement of simple hollow tubes, additive manufacturing techniques, and decellularized grafts. The main objective of this review is to provide a critical overview of nerve guidance conduit technology to support regeneration in long nerve defects, promote future developments, and speed up its clinical translation as a reliable alternative to autografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Redolfi Riva
- The Biorobotic Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Melis Özkan
- Institute of Materials, école Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neural Engineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, école Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Estefania Contreras
- Integral Service for Laboratory Animals (SIAL), Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Sujeet Pawar
- Institute of Materials, école Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ciro Zinno
- The Biorobotic Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrique Escarda-Castro
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaehyeon Kim
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Wieringa
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Stellacci
- Institute of Materials, école Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvestro Micera
- The Biorobotic Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
- Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Bertarelli Foundation Chair in Translational Neural Engineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics and Institute of Bioengineering, école Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Institute Guttmann Foundation, Hospital of Neurorehabilitation, Badalona, Spain
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Iwahashi T, Suzuki K, Tanaka H, Matsuoka H, Nishimoto S, Hirai Y, Kasuya T, Shimada T, Yoshimura Y, Oka K, Murase T, Okada S. Neurotropin® accelerates peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. J Orthop Sci 2024; 29:653-659. [PMID: 36858838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injuries are common and serious conditions. The effect of Neurotropin® (NTP), a nonprotein extract derived from the inflamed skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus, on peripheral nerve regeneration has not been fully elucidated. However, it has analgesic properties via the activation of descending pain inhibitory systems. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the effects of NTP on peripheral nerve regeneration. METHODS We examined axonal outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons using immunocytochemistry in vitro. In addition, nerve regeneration was evaluated functionally, electrophysiologically, and histologically in a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model in vivo. Furthermore, gene expression of neurotrophic factors in the injured sciatic nerves and DRGs was evaluated. RESULTS In the dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro, NTP promoted axonal outgrowth at a concentration of 10 mNU/mL. Moreover, the systemic administration of NTP contributed to the recovery of motor and sensory function at 2 weeks, and of sensory function, nerve conduction velocity, terminal latency, and axon-remyelination 4 weeks after sciatic nerve injury. In the gene expression assessment, insulin-like growth factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions were increased in the injured sciatic nerve 2 days postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, NTP might be effective in not only treating chronic pain but also promoting peripheral nerve regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Iwahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, 660-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Sports Medical Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hozo Matsuoka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Itami City Hospital, Hyogo, 664-8540, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nishimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, 660-8511, Japan
| | - Yukio Hirai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kasuya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shimada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yoshimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Oka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Murase
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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7
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Long RM, Ong H, Wang WX, Komirishetty P, Areti A, Chandrasekhar A, Larouche M, Lefebvre JL, Zochodne DW. The Role of Protocadherin γ in Adult Sensory Neurons and Skin Reinnervation. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8348-8366. [PMID: 37821230 PMCID: PMC10711737 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1940-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The clustered protocadherins (cPcdhs) play a critical role in the patterning of several CNS axon and dendritic arbors, through regulation of homophilic self and neighboring interactions. While not explored, primary peripheral sensory afferents that innervate the epidermis may require similar constraints to convey spatial signals with appropriate fidelity. Here, we show that members of the γ-Pcdh (Pcdhγ) family are expressed in both adult sensory neuron axons and in neighboring keratinocytes that have close interactions during skin reinnervation. Adult mice of both sexes were studied. Pcdhγ knock-down either through small interfering RNA (siRNA) transduction or AAV-Cre recombinase transfection of adult mouse primary sensory neurons from floxed Pcdhγ mice was associated with a remarkable rise in neurite outgrowth and branching. Rises in outgrowth were abrogated by Rac1 inhibition. Moreover, AAV-Cre knock-down in Pcdhγ floxed neurons generated a rise in neurite self-intersections, and a robust rise in neighbor intersections or tiling, suggesting a role in sensory axon repulsion. Interestingly, preconditioned (3-d axotomy) neurons with enhanced growth had temporary declines in Pcdhγ and lessened outgrowth from Pcdhγ siRNA. In vivo, mice with local hindpaw skin Pcdhγ knock-down by siRNA had accelerated reinnervation by new epidermal axons with greater terminal branching and reduced intra-axonal spacing. Pcdhγ knock-down also had reciprocal impacts on keratinocyte density and nuclear size. Taken together, this work provides evidence for a role of Pcdhγ in attenuating outgrowth of sensory axons and their interactions, with implications in how new reinnervating axons following injury fare amid skin keratinocytes that also express Pcdhγ.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The molecular mechanisms and potential constraints that govern skin reinnervation and patterning by sensory axons are largely unexplored. Here, we show that γ-protocadherins (Pcdhγ) may help to dictate interaction not only among axons but also between axons and keratinocytes as the former re-enter the skin during reinnervation. Pcdhγ neuronal knock-down enhances outgrowth in peripheral sensory neurons, involving the growth cone protein Rac1 whereas skin Pcdhγ knock-down generates rises in terminal epidermal axon growth and branching during re-innervation. Manipulation of sensory axon regrowth within the epidermis offers an opportunity to influence regenerative outcomes following nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Long
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Honyi Ong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Wendy Xueyi Wang
- Program for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5R 0A3, Canada
| | - Prashanth Komirishetty
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Aparna Areti
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Ambika Chandrasekhar
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Matt Larouche
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Julie L Lefebvre
- Program for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5R 0A3, Canada
| | - Douglas W Zochodne
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
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8
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Allgood JE, Bittner GD, Bushman JS. Repair and regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries that ablate branch points. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2564-2568. [PMID: 37449590 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral nervous system has an extensive branching organization, and peripheral nerve injuries that ablate branch points present a complex challenge for clinical repair. Ablations of linear segments of the PNS have been extensively studied and routinely treated with autografts, acellular nerve allografts, conduits, wraps, and nerve transfers. In contrast, segmental-loss peripheral nerve injuries, in which one or more branch points are ablated so that there are three or more nerve endings, present additional complications that have not been rigorously studied or documented. This review discusses: (1) the branched anatomy of the peripheral nervous system, (2) case reports describing how peripheral nerve injuries with branched ablations have been surgically managed, (3) factors known to influence regeneration through branched nerve structures, (4) techniques and models of branched peripheral nerve injuries in animal models, and (5) conclusions regarding outcome measures and studies needed to improve understanding of regeneration through ablated branched structures of the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuliAnne E Allgood
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - George D Bittner
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jared S Bushman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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9
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Fernandes MS, Viterbo F, Rodrigues LD, di Luccas CB, de Menezes Neto BF. Nerve Injury and Peripheral Nerve Functional Loss From Injection and Suture Needles: An Experimental Study on Rats. Aesthet Surg J 2023; 43:NP949-NP955. [PMID: 37606256 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjad267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During invasive procedures involving needles, there is a chance of damage to peripheral nerves. Therefore, a method for experimentally simulating these situations is needed. OBJECTIVES In this study we aimed to evaluate peripheral nerve lesions caused by the entry and exit of an injection needle, nerve transfixion through a suture stitch, and the injection of saline solution and lidocaine into the nerve. METHODS After obtaining approval from the Animal Ethics Committee, we randomly divided 36 Wistar rats, weighing approximately 250 g each, into 6 groups (control, sham, suture, needle, saline, and lidocaine groups), with 6 animals in each group. All procedures were performed on the left paws of the rats. After the procedure, walking track analysis was performed to assess the walking function of rats for 8 weeks. Four months after the procedures, we performed bilateral electrophysiological studies (measuring the latency and amplitude of the electrical impulse in the peroneal nerve). Subsequently, the rats were euthanized, and bilateral tissue samples were collected from the peroneal nerve and tibialis cranialis muscle for morphometric histological analysis. RESULTS In the walking track analysis, all groups showed normalization of walking functionality after 13 days. There was little histological change between the groups, and no functional loss related to the procedures was observed. CONCLUSIONS Procedures involving the infusion of local anesthetic or saline solution, or suture needles, are safe with regard to peripheral nerve function loss. Accidents tend not to cause nerve impairment.
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10
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Alvites R, Lopes B, Sousa P, Sousa AC, Coelho A, Moreira A, Rêma A, Atayde L, Mendonça C, Luís AL, Maurício AC. Ultrasound Landmarks in the Approach to the Common Peroneal Nerve in a Sheep Model-Application in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1919. [PMID: 37763322 PMCID: PMC10533066 DOI: 10.3390/life13091919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) remains a medical challenge with no easy resolution. Over the last few decades, significant advances have been achieved in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration, and new assessment tools have been developed, both functional and imaging, to quantify the proportion and quality of nerve recovery. The exploration of new animal models, larger, more complex, and with more similarities to humans, has made it possible to reduce the gap between the results obtained in classic animal models, such as rodents, and the application of new therapies in humans and animals of clinical interest. Ultrasonography is an imaging technique recurrently used in clinical practice to assess the peripheral nerves, allowing for its anatomical and topographic characterization, aiding in the administration of anesthesia, and in the performance of nerve blocks. The use of this technique in animal models is scarce, but it could be a useful tool in monitoring the progression of nerve regeneration after the induction of controlled experimental lesions. In this work, sheep, a promising animal model in the area of peripheral nerve regeneration, were subjected to an ultrasonographic study of three peripheral nerves of the hind limb, the common peroneal, and tibial and sciatic nerves. The main aim was to establish values of dimensions and ultrasound appearance in healthy nerves and landmarks for their identification, as well as to perform an ultrasound evaluation of the cranial tibial muscle, an effector muscle of the common peroneal nerve, and to establish normal values for its ultrasound appearance and dimensions. The results obtained will allow the use of these data as control values in future work exploring new therapeutic options for nerve regeneration after induction of common peroneal nerve injuries in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Alvites
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde (IUCS), Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário (CESPU), Avenida Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Bruna Lopes
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Sousa
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André Coelho
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alícia Moreira
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Rêma
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Atayde
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carla Mendonça
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Lúcia Luís
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Colette Maurício
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (R.A.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.C.S.); (A.C.); (A.M.); (A.R.); (L.A.); (C.M.); (A.L.L.)
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Solomevich SO, Oranges CM, Kalbermatten DF, Schwendeman A, Madduri S. Natural polysaccharides and their derivatives as potential medical materials and drug delivery systems for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120934. [PMID: 37230605 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve repair following injury is one of the most serious problems in neurosurgery. Clinical outcomes are often unsatisfactory and associated with a huge socioeconomic burden. Several studies have revealed the great potential of biodegradable polysaccharides for improving nerve regeneration. We review here the promising therapeutic strategies involving different types of polysaccharides and their bio-active composites for promoting nerve regeneration. Within this context, polysaccharide materials widely used for nerve repair in different forms are highlighted, including nerve guidance conduits, hydrogels, nanofibers and films. While nerve guidance conduits and hydrogels were used as main structural scaffolds, the other forms including nanofibers and films were generally used as additional supporting materials. We also discuss the issues of ease of therapeutic implementation, drug release properties and therapeutic outcomes, together with potential future directions of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Solomevich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Carlo M Oranges
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Kalbermatten
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Bioengineering and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Bioengineering and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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12
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Kim J, Jeon J, Lee J, Khoroldulam B, Choi S, Bae J, Hyun JK, Kang S. Electroceuticals for Regeneration of Long Nerve Gap Using Biodegradable Conductive Conduits and Implantable Wireless Stimulator. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302632. [PMID: 37340589 PMCID: PMC10460856 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of over 10 mm long peripheral nerve defects remains a challenge due to the failure of regeneration by prolonged axotomy and denervation occurring in long-term recovery. Recent studies reveal that conductive conduits and electrical stimulation accelerate the regeneration of long nerve defects. In this study, an electroceutical platform combining a fully biodegradable conductive nerve conduit and a wireless electrical stimulator is proposed to maximize the therapeutic effect on nerve regeneration. Fully biodegradable nerve conduit fabricated using molybdenum (Mo) microparticles and polycaprolactone (PCL) can eliminate the unwanted effects of non-degradable implants, which occupy nerve paths and need to be removed through surgery increasing the risk of complications. The electrical and mechanical properties of Mo/PCL conduits are optimized by controlling the amounts of Mo and tetraglycol lubricant. The dissolution behavior and electrical conductivity of biodegradable nerve conduits in the biomimetic solutions are also evaluated. In in vivo experiments, the integrated strategy of a conductive Mo/PCL conduit with controlled therapeutic electrical stimulation shows accelerated axon regeneration for long sciatic nerve defects in rats compared to the use of the Mo/PCL conduit without stimulation and has a significant therapeutic effect based on the results obtained from the functional recovery test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jio Kim
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jooik Jeon
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative MedicineDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
| | - Ju‐Yong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Badamgarav Khoroldulam
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative MedicineDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Geun Choi
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Young Bae
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Keun Hyun
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative MedicineDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineCollege of MedicineDankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN)Dankook UniversityCheonan31116Republic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Kyun Kang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM)Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Nano Systems Institute SOFT FoundrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of korea
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13
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Guillemot-Legris O, Girmahun G, Shipley RJ, Phillips JB. Local Administration of Minocycline Improves Nerve Regeneration in Two Rat Nerve Injury Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12085. [PMID: 37569473 PMCID: PMC10418394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are quite common and often require a surgical intervention. However, even after surgery, patients do not often regain satisfactory sensory and motor functions. This, in turn, results in a heavy socioeconomic burden. To some extent, neurons can regenerate from the proximal nerve stump and try to reconnect to the distal stump. However, this regenerating capacity is limited, and depending on the type and size of peripheral nerve injury, this process may not lead to a positive outcome. To date, no pharmacological approach has been used to improve nerve regeneration following repair surgery. We elected to investigate the effects of local delivery of minocycline on nerve regeneration. This molecule has been studied in the central nervous system and was shown to improve the outcome in many disease models. In this study, we first tested the effects of minocycline on SCL 4.1/F7 Schwann cells in vitro and on sciatic nerve explants. We specifically focused on the Schwann cell repair phenotype, as these cells play a central role in orchestrating nerve regeneration. Finally, we delivered minocycline locally in two different rat models of nerve injury, a sciatic nerve transection and a sciatic nerve autograft, demonstrating the capacity of local minocycline treatment to improve nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owein Guillemot-Legris
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (G.G.); (R.J.S.); (J.B.P.)
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Gedion Girmahun
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (G.G.); (R.J.S.); (J.B.P.)
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Rebecca J. Shipley
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (G.G.); (R.J.S.); (J.B.P.)
- UCL Mechanical Engineering, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - James B. Phillips
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, London WC1N 1AX, UK; (G.G.); (R.J.S.); (J.B.P.)
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London WC1N 1AX, UK
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14
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Ruhl T, Christer T, Rhode SC, Beier JP. Time course of functional recovery after 1 cm sciatic nerve resection in rats with or without surgical intervention - measured by grip strength and locomotor activity. Neurosci Res 2023; 190:78-84. [PMID: 36470474 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The rat sciatic nerve (SN) is the most frequently used model in experimental research on peripheral nerve injuries. Within the broad range of evaluation methods to determine the experimental outcome, recovery of behavior represents the major criterion to assess functional regeneration. The grasping test indicates when recovery begins and its improvement with time. However, lesions of the SN have yet remained unstudied with this method. Therefore, rats received a SN resection and were divided into experimental groups: 1) control with lesion only, 2) nerve bridge, and 3) autograft. During weekly sessions, the grasping test measured the grip strength, and the locomotor behavior was assessed in the open field. Finally, the nerves were prepared for electrophysiology and histomorphometry. Autograft recovered grasping after 7 weeks with the strongest improvement afterwards. Nerve tube allowed grasping by week 12. Control animals did not recover. In the open field, no differences were observed between the groups. Recordings were possible only in the autograft group, which could be explained by higher number of regenerated fibers. This study indicates that grasping data correspond with physiological and anatomical findings. We conclude that the grasping test is a valid method to evaluate functional recovery after SN resection in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Ruhl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tim Christer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (Current affiliation) Institute for Animal Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Farm Animal Behaviour, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Sophie Ch Rhode
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (Current affiliation) Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Justus P Beier
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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15
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He Q, Cheng Z, Zhou Q, Tong F, Li Y, Zhou X, Yu M, Ji Y, Ding F. Sensory and motor fibroblasts have different protein expression patterns and exert different growth promoting effects on sensory and motor neurons. Exp Neurol 2023; 361:114314. [PMID: 36586550 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Functional reconstruction after peripheral nerve injury depends on the ability of the regenerated sensory and motor axons to re-innervate the suitable target organs. Therefore, it is essential to explore the cellular mechanisms of peripheral nerve-specific regeneration. In a previous study, we found that sensory and motor fibroblasts can guide Schwann cells to migrate towards the same phenotype. In the present paper, we analyzed the different effects of sensory and motor fibroblasts on sensory or motor neurons. The fibroblasts and neurons co-culture assay showed that compared with motor fibroblasts, sensory fibroblasts promote the neurite outgrowth of sensory neurons on a larger scale, and vice versa. Furthermore, a higher proportion of sensory or motor fibroblasts migrated towards their respective (sensory or motor) neurons. Meanwhile, a comparative proteomic approach was applied to obtain the protein expression profiles of sensory and motor fibroblasts. Among a total of 2597 overlapping proteins identified, we counted 148 differentially expressed items, of those 116 had a significantly higher expression in sensory fibroblasts, and 32 had a significantly greater expression in motor fibroblasts. Functional categorization revealed that differentially expressed proteins were involved in regeneration, axon guidance and cytoskeleton organization, all of which might play a critical role in peripheral nerve-specific regeneration. After nerve crush injury, ITB1 protein expression decreased significantly in motor nerves and increased in sensory nerves. In vitro, ITB1 significantly promoted axonal regeneration of sensory neurons, but had no significant effect on motor neurons. Overall, sensory and motor fibroblasts express different proteins and exert different growth promoting effects on sensory and motor neurons. This comparative proteomic database of sensory and motor fibroblasts could provide future directions for in-depth research on peripheral nerve-specific regeneration. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD034827.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru He
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - Zhenghang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - Fang Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - Xinyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - Miaomei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China
| | - Yuhua Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China.
| | - Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, JS 226001, China.
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16
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Wei Y, Qi T, Cao S, Zhang W, Yu F, Zeng H, Weng J. LncRNA XLOC_015548 affects the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts via the MAPK signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:469-480. [PMID: 36852460 PMCID: PMC10281533 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231151963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential regulatory roles in myogenic differentiation. In this study, a specific LncRNA XLOC_015548 (Lnc000280) was identified. However, little research has explored its mechanism of action by constructing XLOC_015548 gene editing cell models. In this study, relevant sequences were obtained according to the RNA-seq results. Subsequently, XLOC_015548 knockdown and over-expression lentiviral vectors were constructed, and the C2C12 myoblast cell line was transfected to prepare the XLOC_015548 gene-edited myoblast model. The in vitro analysis revealed that over-expression of XLOC_015548 significantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and the formation of myotubes, whereas the opposite result was obtained in the knockdown group. XLOC_015548 regulated myogenic differentiation and affected the expression of myogenic differentiation regulators such as Myod, myogenin, and MyHC. Regarding the signaling pathway, we found that XLOC_015548 correlated with the phosphorylation level of MAPK/MEK/ERK pathway proteins. And the degree of phosphorylation was positively correlated with the protein expression of myogenic differentiation regulators. In conclusion, a new gene-edited myoblast model was constructed based on the lncRNA regulator XLOC_015548. The in vitro cell experiments verified that XLOC_015548 had regulatory effects on muscle growth and myoblast differentiation. These findings provide a laboratory foundation for the clinical application of lncRNAs as regulatory factors in the treatment of disuse muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wei
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Siyang Cao
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Weifei Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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17
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Ronchi G, Fregnan F, Muratori L, Gambarotta G, Raimondo S. Morphological Methods to Evaluate Peripheral Nerve Fiber Regeneration: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031818. [PMID: 36768142 PMCID: PMC9915436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of damaged peripheral nerves remains one of the main challenges of neurosurgery and regenerative medicine, a nerve functionality is rarely restored, especially after severe injuries. Researchers are constantly looking for innovative strategies for tackling this problem, with the development of advanced tissue-engineered nerve conduits and new pharmacological and physical interventions, with the aim of improving patients' life quality. Different evaluation methods can be used to study the effectiveness of a new treatment, including functional tests, morphological assessment of regenerated nerve fibers and biomolecular analyses of key factors necessary for good regeneration. The number and diversity of protocols and methods, as well as the availability of innovative technologies which are used to assess nerve regeneration after experimental interventions, often makes it difficult to compare results obtained in different labs. The purpose of the current review is to describe the main morphological approaches used to evaluate the degree of nerve fiber regeneration in terms of their usefulness and limitations.
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18
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Contreras E, Traserra S, Bolívar S, Forés J, Jose-Cunilleras E, Delgado-Martínez I, García F, Udina E, Navarro X. Repair of Long Peripheral Nerve Defects in Sheep: A Translational Model for Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021333. [PMID: 36674848 PMCID: PMC9863630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in microsurgery, full functional recovery of severe peripheral nerve injuries is not commonly attained. The sheep appears as a good preclinical model since it presents nerves with similar characteristics to humans. In this study, we induced 5 or 7 cm resection in the peroneal nerve and repaired with an autograft. Functional evaluation was performed monthly. Electromyographic and ultrasound tests were performed at 6.5 and 9 months postoperation (mpo). No significant differences were found between groups with respect to functional tests, although slow improvements were seen from 5 mpo. Electrophysiological tests showed compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) of small amplitude at 6.5 mpo that increased at 9 mpo, although they were significantly lower than the contralateral side. Ultrasound tests showed significantly reduced size of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle at 6.5 mpo and partially recovered size at 9 mpo. Histological evaluation of the grafts showed good axonal regeneration in all except one sheep from autograft 7 cm (AG7) group, while distal to the graft there was a higher number of axons than in control nerves. The results indicate that sheep nerve repair is a useful model for investigating long-gap peripheral nerve injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Contreras
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Integral Service for Laboratory Animals (SIAL), Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sara Traserra
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Integral Service for Laboratory Animals (SIAL), Faculty of Veterinary, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Sara Bolívar
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquím Forés
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Hand and Peripheral Nerve Unit, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Jose-Cunilleras
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ignacio Delgado-Martínez
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix García
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Esther Udina
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Institute of Neurosciences, Department Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-5811966
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19
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Davis B, Wojtalewicz S, Erickson S, Veith J, Simpson A, Sant H, Shea J, Gale B, Agarwal J. Local delivery of FK506 to a nerve allograft is comparable to systemic delivery at suppressing allogeneic graft rejection. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281911. [PMID: 36881592 PMCID: PMC9990949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine if locally delivered FK506 could prevent allogeneic nerve graft rejection long enough to allow axon regeneration to pass through the nerve graft. An 8mm mouse sciatic nerve gap injury repaired with a nerve allograft was used to assess the effectiveness of local FK506 immunosuppressive therapy. FK506-loaded poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) nerve conduits were used to provide sustained local FK506 delivery to nerve allografts. Continuous and temporary systemic FK506 therapy to nerve allografts, and autograft repair were used as control groups. Serial assessment of inflammatory cell and CD4+ cell infiltration into the nerve graft tissue was performed to characterize the immune response over time. Nerve regeneration and functional recovery was serially assessed by nerve histomorphometry, gastrocnemius muscle mass recovery, and the ladder rung skilled locomotion assay. At the end of the study, week 16, all the groups had similar levels of inflammatory cell infiltration. The local FK506 and continuous systemic FK506 groups had similar levels of CD4+ cell infiltration, however, it was significantly greater than the autograft control. In terms of nerve histmorphometry, the local FK506 and continunous systemic FK506 groups had similar amounts of myelinated axons, although they were significantly lower than the autograft and temporary systemic FK506 group. The autograft had significantly greater muscle mass recovery than all the other groups. In the ladder rung assay, the autograft, local FK506, and continuous systemic FK506 had similar levels of skilled locomotion performance, whereas the temporary systemic FK506 group had significanty better performance than all the other groups. The results of this study suggest that local delivery of FK506 can provide comparable immunosuppression and nerve regeneration outcomes as systemically delivered FK506.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Davis
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Susan Wojtalewicz
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Sierra Erickson
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jacob Veith
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Andrew Simpson
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Himanshu Sant
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jill Shea
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Bruce Gale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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20
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Effect of Azithromycin on Sciatic Nerve Injury in the Wistar Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:161-171. [PMID: 36030336 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
After a severe peripheral nerve injury, complete functional recovery is rare. Modulating the inflammatory response could be an effective way to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration. The present study aimed to determine the effect of azithromycin on functional recovery following sciatic nerve crush in Wistar rats. 40 male Wistar rats were used in four groups, including: the negative control, sham, and two groups of azithromycin (15 and 150 mg/kg/day) (n = 10).The rats' right sciatic nerve was crushed using a non-serrated clamp. In experimental groups, animals were treated with azithromycin (15 and 150 mg/kg/day) for 7 days. Then, sensory-motor functions were evaluated over eight weeks. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of NGF and BDNF genes. At the end of the 4th week, the sensory recovery accelerated in the azithromycin-treated rats so that the reaction times in the groups treated with 15 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg doses of azithromycin reached 5.14 s and 6.61 s, respectively, which were significantly lower than the 12 s in the negative control group (P < 0.05).Eventually, the mean SFI values in the negative control and both azithromycin-treated groups recovered to preoperative levels in the 8th week, with no significant difference between the sciatic lesion groups. Findings showed a seven-day course of azithromycin administered immediately after a sciatic nerve crush could accelerate regeneration and improve motor and sensory function recovery compared to negative controls. These significant effects were observed in both the azithromycin 15 mg/kg and the azithromycin 150 mg/kg treatment groups. Azithromycin treatment upregulated the expression of NGF and BDNF genes in crushed sciatic nerve. Our findings suggest that a seven-day treatment of azithromycin after a sciatic nerve injury could accelerate the regeneration process and improve functional recovery.
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21
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Mao X, Li T, Cheng J, Tao M, Li Z, Ma Y, Javed R, Bao J, Liang F, Guo W, Tian X, Fan J, Yu T, Ao Q. Nerve ECM and PLA-PCL based electrospun bilayer nerve conduit for nerve regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1103435. [PMID: 36937756 PMCID: PMC10017983 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The porcine nerve-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) fabricated as films has good performance in peripheral nerve regeneration. However, when constructed as conduits to bridge nerve defects, ECM lacks sufficient mechanical strength. Methods: In this study, a novel electrospun bilayer-structured nerve conduit (BNC) with outer poly (L-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLA-PCL) and inner ECM was fabricated for nerve regeneration. The composition, structure, and mechanical strength of BNC were characterized. Then BNC biosafety was evaluated by cytotoxicity, subcutaneous implantation, and cell affinity tests. Furthermore, BNC was used to bridge 10-mm rat sciatic nerve defect, and nerve functional recovery was assessed by walking track, electrophysiology, and histomorphology analyses. Results: Our results demonstrate that BNC has a network of nanofibers and retains some bioactive molecules, including collagen I, collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin, glycosaminoglycans, nerve growth factor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Biomechanical analysis proves that PLA-PCL improves the BNC mechanical properties, compared with single ECM conduit (ENC). The functional evaluation of in vivo results indicated that BNC is more effective in nerve regeneration than PLA-PCL conduit or ENC. Discussion: In conclusion, BNC not only retains the good biocompatibility and bioactivity of ECM, but also obtains the appropriate mechanical strength from PLA-PCL, which has great potential for clinical repair of nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Mao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junqiu Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meihan Tao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yizhan Ma
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rabia Javed
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Bao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Tian
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianhao Yu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, The VIP Department, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Ao,
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22
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Rayner MLD, Kellaway SC, Kingston I, Guillemot-Legris O, Gregory H, Healy J, Phillips JB. Exploring the Nerve Regenerative Capacity of Compounds with Differing Affinity for PPARγ In Vitro and In Vivo. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010042. [PMID: 36611836 PMCID: PMC9818498 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Damage to peripheral nerves can cause debilitating consequences for patients such as lifelong pain and disability. At present, no drug treatments are routinely given in the clinic following a peripheral nerve injury (PNI) to improve regeneration and remyelination of damaged nerves. Appropriately targeted therapeutic agents have the potential to be used at different stages following nerve damage, e.g., to maintain Schwann cell viability, induce and sustain a repair phenotype to support axonal growth, or promote remyelination. The development of therapies to promote nerve regeneration is currently of high interest to researchers, however, translation to the clinic of drug therapies for PNI is still lacking. Studying the effect of PPARγ agonists for treatment of peripheral nerve injures has demonstrated significant benefits. Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has reproducibly demonstrated benefits in vitro and in vivo, suggested to be due to its agonist action on PPARγ. Other NSAIDs have demonstrated differing levels of PPARγ activation based upon their affinity. Therefore, it was of interest to determine whether affinity for PPARγ of selected drugs corresponded to an increase in regeneration. A 3D co-culture in vitro model identified some correlation between these two properties. However, when the drug treatments were screened in vivo, in a crush injury model in a rat sciatic nerve, the same correlation was not apparent. Further differences were observed between capacity to increase axon number and improvement in functional recovery. Despite there not being a clear correlation between affinity and size of effect on regeneration, all selected PPARγ agonists improved regeneration, providing a panel of compounds that could be explored for use in the treatment of PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L. D. Rayner
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Simon C. Kellaway
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
| | - Isabel Kingston
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
| | - Owein Guillemot-Legris
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
| | - Holly Gregory
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
| | - Jess Healy
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
| | - James B. Phillips
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London WC1N 6BT, UK
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23
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Repair of Long Nerve Defects with a New Decellularized Nerve Graft in Rats and in Sheep. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244074. [PMID: 36552838 PMCID: PMC9777287 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized nerve allografts (DC) are an alternative to autografts (AG) for repairing severe peripheral nerve injuries. We have assessed a new DC provided by VERIGRAFT. The decellularization procedure completely removed cellularity while preserving the extracellular matrix. We first assessed the DC in a 15 mm gap in the sciatic nerve of rats, showing slightly delayed but effective regeneration. Then, we assayed the DC in a 70 mm gap in the peroneal nerve of sheep compared with AG. Evaluation of nerve regeneration and functional recovery was performed by clinical, electrophysiology and ultrasound tests. No significant differences were found in functional recovery between groups of sheep. Histology showed a preserved fascicular structure in the AG while in the DC grafts regenerated axons were grouped in small units. In conclusion, the DC was permissive for axonal regeneration and allowed to repair a 70 mm long gap in the sheep nerve.
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24
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Lecoq FA, Barnouin L, Ardouin L, Hartmann D, Obert L. Inverted human umbilical artery as a 3D scaffold for sciatic nerve regeneration in rats. Cell Tissue Bank 2022; 23:909-922. [PMID: 35503142 PMCID: PMC9675695 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) remains a challenge. Interposing a graft delivers better regenerative outcomes. Autografts present major drawbacks which have given rise to the development of alternatives such as artificial scaffolds, some of which are very promising. This study was designed to investigate the potential use of an inverted human umbilical cord artery (iHUA) as a 3D scaffold nerve chamber, for nerve regeneration after transection of the sciatic nerve (SN) in rats. Rats underwent surgical SN transection in their right hindlimb, followed by suture of the device at the resected stumps. Local tolerance, insert biodegradability and nerve reconstruction over time were thoroughly studied by histopathological and morphometric analysis, completed by functional test assessment of sensitivity and motricity recovery. We have demonstrated that nerve reconstruction in the presence of an iHUA insert is effective. The device is well tolerated and highly biodegraded. Although the regenerated nerve is still immature at the end of our study, signs of sensitivity and partial functional recovery were witnessed, confirming our histological findings. Our results support the potential clinical use of iHUA as a 3D scaffold to bridge nerve discontinuity and guide axonal regrowth in selected cases of PNIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flore-Anne Lecoq
- Institut de la Main Nantes Atlantique, Elsan Santé Atlantique, Saint Herblain, France
| | | | - Ludovic Ardouin
- Institut de la Main Nantes Atlantique, Elsan Santé Atlantique, Saint Herblain, France
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Rogers MJ, Daryoush JR, Kazmers NH. Contemporary Review: Targeted Muscle Reinnervation for Foot and Ankle Applications. Foot Ankle Int 2022; 43:1595-1605. [PMID: 36299247 DOI: 10.1177/10711007221129990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda J Rogers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Joshua R Daryoush
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Nikolas H Kazmers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Jiang Y, Tang X, Li T, Ling J, Yang Y. The success of biomaterial-based tissue engineering strategies for peripheral nerve regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1039777. [PMID: 36329703 PMCID: PMC9622790 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1039777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a clinically common injury that causes sensory dysfunction and locomotor system degeneration, which seriously affects the quality of the patients’ daily life. Long gapped defects in large nerve are difficult to repair via surgery and limited donor source of autologous nerve greatly challenges the successful nerve repair by transplantation. Significantly, remarkable progress has been made in repairing the peripheral nerve injury using artificial nerve grafts and a variety of products for peripheral nerve repair have emerged been approved globally in recent years. The raw materials of these commercial products includes natural/synthetic polymers, extracellular matrix. Despite a lot of effort, the desirable functional recovery still remains great challenges in long gapped nerve defects. Thus this review discusses the recent development of tissue engineering products for peripheral nerve repair and the design of bionic grafts improving the local microenvironment for accelerating nerve regeneration against locomotor disorder, which may provide potential strategies for the repair of long gaps or thick nerve defects by multifunctional biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Jiang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Tang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tao Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jue Ling
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Jue Ling, ; Yumin Yang,
| | - Yumin Yang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Ministry of Education and Jiangsu Province, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Jue Ling, ; Yumin Yang,
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Yamamoto Y, Kadoya K, Terkawi MA, Endo T, Konno K, Watanabe M, Ichihara S, Hara A, Kaneko K, Iwasaki N, Ishijima M. Neutrophils delay repair process in Wallerian degeneration by releasing NETs outside the parenchyma. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/10/e202201399. [PMID: 35961782 PMCID: PMC9375156 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils accumulate at the epineurium in Wallerian degeneration (WD) and inhibit macrophage infiltration from the epineurium into the parenchyma by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps, resulting in the delay of repair processes in WD. Although inflammation is indispensable for the repair process in Wallerian degeneration (WD), the role of neutrophils in the WD repair process remains unclear. After peripheral nerve injury, neutrophils accumulate at the epineurium but not the parenchyma in the WD region because of the blood–nerve barrier. An increase or decrease in the number of neutrophils delayed or promoted macrophage infiltration from the epineurium into the parenchyma and the repair process in WD. Abundant neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were formed around neutrophils, and its inhibition dramatically increased macrophage infiltration into the parenchyma. Furthermore, inhibition of either MIF or its receptor, CXCR4, in neutrophils decreased NET formation, resulting in enhanced macrophage infiltration into the parenchyma. Moreover, inhibiting MIF for just 2 h after peripheral nerve injury promoted the repair process. These findings indicate that neutrophils delay the repair process in WD from outside the parenchyma by inhibiting macrophage infiltration via NET formation and that neutrophils, NETs, MIF, and CXCR4 are therapeutic targets for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Medicine for Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kadoya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mohamad Alaa Terkawi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kohtarou Konno
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichihara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kaneko
- Department of Medicine for Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Muneaki Ishijima
- Department of Medicine for Motor Organ, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Ismayilzade M, Ince B, Zuhour M, Oltulu P, Aygul R. The effect of a gap concept on peripheral nerve recovery in modified epineurial neurorrhaphy: An experimental study in rats. Microsurgery 2022; 42:703-713. [PMID: 35388916 DOI: 10.1002/micr.30890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several factors such as surgical approach that only consider topographic anatomy; inadequate fascicular alignment, extraepineurial sprouting in the repair zone; contact of axons with the suture area are the disadvantages of epineurial neurorrhaphy. Accordingly, axonal mismatch, neuroma, and unfavorable nerve recovery become inevitable. Neurotropism is the theory clarifying appropriate matching of the nerve fibers independently without needing surgical approach. The studies comparing the primary nerve repair with the nerve defects bridged in different ways demonstrated better outcomes of nerve recovery in the groups with a nerve gap. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the effects of the gap concept in primary nerve repair bridged by own epineurium. We hypothesized that this technique will provide better results in terms of peripheral nerve recovery and will significantly eliminate the occurrence of a neuroma, which is quite possible in epineurial neurorrhaphy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 35 Wistar female rats weighing 200 ~ 250 g were randomly divided into five groups each with seven rats. Sham controls constituted Group 1, while the rats with epineural neurorrhaphy were included in Group 2. The remaining three groups were the study groups. In Group 3, after the sciatic nerve transection, epineurium of the distal segment was sleeved and preserved. A 2-mm axonal segment was removed from the epineurium free distal ending and no any procedure was applied to the proximal ending of the transected sciatic nerve. Epineuriums of the both sides were approximated and repaired. In Group 4, a 2-mm axonal segment was removed from the proximal ending of the sciatic nerve after preservation of epineurium and no any procedure was applied to the distal part of sciatic nerve. Epineuriums of the both sides were approximated and repaired. In addition, in Group 5, after epineuriums were sleeved in the both distal and proximal stumps, a 1-mm nerve segment was removed from both endings and epineuriums were repaired in the middle bridging a 2-mm axonal gap again. After a 3 months follow-up period Sciatic Functional Index (SFI) was measured by walking track analysis; the area under the evoked compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and latency periods were calculated via electromyographic (EMG) analysis; and histopathological evaluation were performed to compare the parameters of edema, fibrosis, inflammation, vascularization, axonal degeneration, axonal density, myelination, disorganization, and neuroma occurrence. Vascular structures and nerve fibers were counted at ×200 magnification: +1, +2, and +3 indicated the presence of 0-15, 16-30, and >30 structures, respectively. For uncountable parameters (edema, disorganization, myelination, fibrosis, and inflammation): +1 indicated mild, +2 indicated moderate, and +3 indicated severe. RESULTS The differences between the groups with axonal gap repair and epineural neurorrhaphy were not significant regarding to SFI. The areas under CMAP were as follows: 27.9 ± 5.9 (Δ = 12.1%) in Group 1; 16.5 ± 5.5 (Δ = 6.3%) in Group 2; 14.1 ± 6.2 (Δ = 4.8%) in group 3; 13.8 ± 2.3 (Δ = 9.2%) in Group 4, and 22.5 ± 18.3 (Δ = 2.2%) in Group 5. Group 5 (1 mm gap in the distal +1 mm gap in the proximal segments) had a significantly better result in terms of the area under CMAP with the value of 22.5 ± 18.3 m/Mv (p = .031). Axonal density was 0.9 ± 0.6 (Δ = 2.2%) in Group 2, 2.4 ± 0.3 (Δ = 5.1%) in Group 3, 2.8 ± 0.1 (Δ = 7.7%) in Group 4, and 2.8 ± 0.2 (Δ = 4.8%) in Group 5. Myelination was 1.1 ± 0.5 (Δ = 3.4%) in group 2, 2.2 ± 0.2 (Δ = 6.7%) in group 3, 2.4 ± 0.4 (Δ = 6.0%) in Group 4, and 2.7 ± 0.3 (Δ = 4.6%) in Group 5. Disorganization was 2.3 ± 0.4 (Δ = 4.1%) in Group 2, 1.2 ± 0.2 (Δ = 7.7%) in Group 3, 1.3 ± 0.2 (Δ = 6.5%) in Group 4, and 1 ± 0.3 (Δ = 5.9%) in Group 5. And, neuroma occurrence was found 2.2 ± 0.6 (Δ = 2.8%) in Group 2 and 0.3 ± 0.2 (Δ = 0.1%) in Group 4 while neuroma was not encountered in Group 3 and Group 5. Comparison between the epineurial neurorrhaphy group and the groups with axonal defect revealed the statistically significant results in the factors of axonal density (p = .001), myelination (p = .028), disorganization (p = .016) and neuroma (p = .001). CONCLUSIONS Creating axonal gap bridged by own epineurium showed favorable results comparing with epineurial neurorrhaphy. Resection of a 1 mm axonal segment from the proximal and distal stumps following the epineurial sleeve procedure and performing the epineurium- only repair can facilitate the nerve regeneration. The feasibility of the described technique has been demonstrated in a small rat model and must be further validated in larger animals before clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ismayilzade
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Liv Hospital Vadiistanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilsev Ince
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Moath Zuhour
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Pembe Oltulu
- Department of Pathology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Recep Aygul
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Lauer H, Prahm C, Thiel JT, Kolbenschlag J, Daigeler A, Hercher D, Heinzel JC. The Grasping Test Revisited: A Systematic Review of Functional Recovery in Rat Models of Median Nerve Injury. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081878. [PMID: 36009423 PMCID: PMC9405835 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rat median nerve model is a well-established and frequently used model for peripheral nerve injury and repair. The grasping test is the gold-standard to evaluate functional recovery in this model. However, no comprehensive review exists to summarize the course of functional recovery in regard to the lesion type. According to PRISMA-guidelines, research was performed, including the databases PubMed and Web of Science. Groups were: (1) crush injury, (2) transection with end-to-end or with (3) end-to-side coaptation and (4) isogenic or acellular allogenic grafting. Total and respective number, as well as rat strain, type of nerve defect, length of isogenic or acellular allogenic allografts, time at first signs of motor recovery (FSR) and maximal recovery grasping strength (MRGS), were evaluated. In total, 47 articles met the inclusion criteria. Group I showed earliest signs of motor recovery. Slow recovery was observable in group III and in graft length above 25 mm. Isografts recovered faster compared to other grafts. The onset and course of recovery is heavily dependent from the type of nerve injury. The grasping test should be used complementary in addition to other volitional and non-volitional tests. Repetitive examinations should be planned carefully to optimize assessment of valid and reliable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Lauer
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.L.); (C.P.); (J.T.T.); (J.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Cosima Prahm
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.L.); (C.P.); (J.T.T.); (J.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Johannes Tobias Thiel
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.L.); (C.P.); (J.T.T.); (J.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Jonas Kolbenschlag
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.L.); (C.P.); (J.T.T.); (J.K.); (A.D.)
| | - Adrien Daigeler
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.L.); (C.P.); (J.T.T.); (J.K.); (A.D.)
| | - David Hercher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes C. Heinzel
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (H.L.); (C.P.); (J.T.T.); (J.K.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Heinzel JC, Oberhauser V, Keibl C, Schädl B, Swiadek NV, Längle G, Frick H, Slezak C, Prahm C, Grillari J, Kolbenschlag J, Hercher D. ESWT Diminishes Axonal Regeneration following Repair of the Rat Median Nerve with Muscle-In-Vein Conduits but Not after Autologous Nerve Grafting. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081777. [PMID: 35892677 PMCID: PMC9394363 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations reporting positive effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on nerve regeneration are limited to the rat sciatic nerve model. The effects of ESWT on muscle-in-vein conduits (MVCs) have also not been investigated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ESWT after repair of the rat median nerve with either autografts (ANGs) or MVCs. In male Lewis rats, a 7 mm segment of the right median nerve was reconstructed either with an ANG or an MVC. For each reconstructive technique, one group of animals received one application of ESWT while the other rats served as controls. The animals were observed for 12 weeks, and nerve regeneration was assessed using computerized gait analysis, the grasping test, electrophysiological evaluations and histological quantification of axons, blood vessels and lymphatic vasculature. Here, we provide for the first time a comprehensive analysis of ESWT effects on nerve regeneration in a rat model of median nerve injury. Furthermore, this study is among the first reporting the quantification of lymphatic vessels following peripheral nerve injury and reconstruction in vivo. While we found no significant direct positive effects of ESWT on peripheral nerve regeneration, results following nerve repair with MVCs were significantly inferior to those after ANG repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C. Heinzel
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (J.C.H.); (C.P.); (J.K.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Viola Oberhauser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Keibl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schädl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Core Facility Morphology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole V. Swiadek
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Längle
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helen Frick
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cyrill Slezak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physics, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA
| | - Cosima Prahm
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (J.C.H.); (C.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Kolbenschlag
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Klinik Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (J.C.H.); (C.P.); (J.K.)
| | - David Hercher
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria; (V.O.); (C.K.); (B.S.); (N.V.S.); (G.L.); (H.F.); (C.S.); (J.G.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Yin G, Lin Y, Wang P, Zhou J, Lin H. Upregulated lncARAT in Schwann cells promotes axonal regeneration by recruiting and activating proregenerative macrophages. Mol Med 2022; 28:76. [PMID: 35768768 PMCID: PMC9245276 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Axonal regeneration following peripheral nerve injury (PNI) depends on the complex interaction between Schwann cells (SCs) and macrophages, but the mechanisms underlying macrophage recruitment and activation in axonal regeneration remain unclear. Methods RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted to identify differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DElncRNAs) between crushed sciatic nerves and intact contralateral nerves. The putative role of lncRNAs in nerve regeneration was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Results An lncRNA, called axon regeneration-associated transcript (lncARAT), was upregulated in SCs and SC-derived exosomes (SCs-Exo) after sciatic nerve injury. LncARAT contributed to axonal regeneration and improved motor function recovery. Mechanistically, lncARAT epigenetically activated C–C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) expression by recruiting KMT2A to CCL2 promoter, resulting in increased histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and CCL2 transcription in SCs. CCL2 facilitated the infiltration of macrophages into the injured nerves. Meanwhile, lncARAT-enriched exosomes were released from SCs and incorporated into macrophages. LncARAT functioned as an endogenous sponge to adsorb miRNA-329-5p in macrophages, resulting in increased suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 2 expression, which induced a proregenerative function of macrophages through a signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1/6-dependent pathway. Conclusions LncARAT may represent a promising therapeutic avenue for peripheral nerve repair. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00501-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Haining Road100, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaofa Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Haining Road100, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Peilin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Haining Road100, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Haining Road100, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodong Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Haining Road100, Shanghai, 200080, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Alvites RD, Branquinho MV, Sousa AC, Lopes B, Sousa P, Prada J, Pires I, Ronchi G, Raimondo S, Luís AL, Geuna S, Varejão ASP, Maurício AC. Effects of Olfactory Mucosa Stem/Stromal Cell and Olfactory Ensheating Cells Secretome on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060818. [PMID: 35740943 PMCID: PMC9220795 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell secretome has been explored as a cell-free technique with high scientific and medical interest for Regenerative Medicine. In this work, the secretome produced and collected from Olfactory Mucosa Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Olfactory Ensheating Cells was analyzed and therapeutically applied to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. The analysis of the conditioned medium revealed the production and secretion of several factors with immunomodulatory functions, capable of intervening beneficially in the phases of nerve regeneration. Subsequently, the conditioned medium was applied to sciatic nerves of rats after neurotmesis, using Reaxon® as tube-guides. Over 20 weeks, the animals were subjected to periodic functional assessments, and after this period, the sciatic nerves and cranial tibial muscles were evaluated stereologically and histomorphometrically, respectively. The results obtained allowed to confirm the beneficial effects resulting from the application of this therapeutic combination. The administration of conditioned medium from Olfactory Mucosal Mesenchymal Stem Cells led to the best results in motor performance, sensory recovery, and gait patterns. Stereological and histomorphometric evaluation also revealed the ability of this therapeutic combination to promote nervous and muscular histologic reorganization during the regenerative process. The therapeutic combination discussed in this work shows promising results and should be further explored to clarify irregularities found in the outcomes and to allow establishing the use of cell secretome as a new therapeutic field applied in the treatment of peripheral nerves after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui D. Alvites
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
| | - Mariana V. Branquinho
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
| | - Ana C. Sousa
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
| | - Bruna Lopes
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
| | - Justina Prada
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
- Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária (CECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pires
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
- Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária (CECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, and Cavalieri Ottolenghi Neuroscience Institute, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.R.); (S.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, and Cavalieri Ottolenghi Neuroscience Institute, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.R.); (S.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Ana L. Luís
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, and Cavalieri Ottolenghi Neuroscience Institute, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (G.R.); (S.R.); (S.G.)
| | - Artur Severo P. Varejão
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
- Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária (CECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Colette Maurício
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências, Tecnologias e Agroambiente da Universidade do Porto (ICETA), Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, 4051-401 Porto, Portugal; (R.D.A.); (M.V.B.); (A.C.S.); (B.L.); (P.S.); (A.L.L.)
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, nº 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.); (I.P.); (A.S.P.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-91-9071286 or +351-22-0428000
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Elsherbini AM, Sabra SA. Nanoparticles-in-nanofibers composites: Emphasis on some recent biomedical applications. J Control Release 2022; 348:57-83. [PMID: 35636616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles-in-nanofibers composites comprise an attractive approach for controlling release and delivery of many active molecules for versatile biomedical applications. Incorporation of drug-loaded nanoparticles within these composites can afford the encapsulation of one or more drug with sequential drug release, which can be tuned according to the assigned function. Moreover, existence of nanoparticles within the nanofibrous matrix was found to favor the morphological and mechanical properties of the developed composites. In this review, the latest biomedical advances for nanoparticles-in-nanofibers composites will be highlighted including; tissue regeneration, antimicrobial applications, wound healing, cancer management, cardiovascular disorders, ophthalmic applications, vaginal drug delivery, biosensors and biomedical filters. These composites incorporating multiple types of nanoparticles could be very promising drug delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Elsherbini
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
| | - Sally A Sabra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
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Ferdowsi S, Abdolmaleki A, Asadi A, Zahri S. Glibenclamide promoted functional recovery following sciatic nerve injury in male Wistar rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:966-975. [PMID: 35524424 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The impact of peripheral nerve damage on a patient's quality of life is severe. The most frequent peripheral nerve crush damage is a sciatic nerve injury. Previous research has shown that glibenclamide (GB) has neuroprotective properties in a variety of oxidative stress-related disorders, including Alzheimer and Parkinson. The goal of this study was to see how GB affected nerve regeneration and improved function of the sciatic nerve in a rat model following a crush injury. We evaluated motor function, sensory recovery, gene expression, and histomorphometry following damage at different time points. Additionally, we assessed atrophy in the gastrocnemius muscle using histology and mass ratio analyses. Our results suggest that 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks following glibenclamide therapy, promotes the recovery of motor and sensory function in the injured site. Following glibenclamid injection, the mRNA levels of neurotrophic factors (NGF and BDNF) are raised. According to histomorphometry assessment, glibenclamide injection also increased the number of myelinated fibers while decreasing their thickness. These results showed that glibenclamide therapy by decreasing the proinflammatory and oxidant factors may enhance the nerve regeneration. It is clear that more research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevin Ferdowsi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran
| | - Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saber Zahri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Muratori L, Fregnan F, Maurina M, Haastert-Talini K, Ronchi G. The Potential Benefits of Dietary Polyphenols for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095177. [PMID: 35563568 PMCID: PMC9102183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerves are frequently affected by lesions caused by trauma (work accidents, car incidents, combat injuries) and following surgical procedures (for instance cancer resection), resulting in loss of motor and sensory function with lifelong impairments. Irrespective of the intrinsic capability of the peripheral nervous system for regeneration, spontaneous or surgically supported regeneration is often unsatisfactory with the limited functional success of nerve repair. For this reason, many efforts have been made to improve the regeneration process. Beyond innovative microsurgical methods that, in certain cases, are necessary to repair nerve injuries, different nonsurgical treatment approaches and adjunctive therapies have been investigated to enhance nerve regeneration. One possibility could be taking advantage of a healthy diet or lifestyle and their relation with proper body functions. Over the years, scientific evidence has been obtained on the benefits of the intake of polyphenols or polyphenol-rich foods in humans, highlighting the neuroprotective effects of these compounds in many neurodegenerative diseases. In order to improve the available knowledge about the potential beneficial role of polyphenols in the process of peripheral nerve regeneration, this review assessed the biological effects of polyphenol administration in supporting and promoting the regenerative process after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Muratori
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy; (L.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy
| | - Federica Fregnan
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy; (L.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy
| | - Monica Maurina
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy; (L.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.)
| | - Kirsten Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy; (L.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), 10043 Orbassano, (Torino), Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-6705-433; Fax: +39-011-9038-639
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Raman spectroscopy and sciatic functional index (SFI) after low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in a rat sciatic nerve crush injury model. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2957-2971. [PMID: 35503388 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Axonotmesis causes sensorimotor and neurofunctional deficits, and its regeneration can occur slowly or not occur if not treated appropriately. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) promotes nerve regeneration with the proliferation of myelinating Schwann cells to recover the myelin sheath and the production of glycoproteins for endoneurium reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of LLLT on sciatic nerve regeneration after compression injury by means of the sciatic functional index (SFI) and Raman spectroscopy (RS). For this, 64 Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to the length of treatment: 14 days (n = 32) and 21 days (n = 32). These two groups were subdivided into four sub-groups of eight animals each (control 1; control 2; laser 660 nm; laser 808 nm). All animals had surgical exposure to the sciatic nerve, and only control 1 did not suffer nerve damage. To cause the lesion in the sciatic nerve, compression was applied with a Kelly clamp for 6 s. The evaluation of sensory deficit was performed by the painful exteroceptive sensitivity (PES) and neuromotor tests by the SFI. Laser 660 nm and laser 808 nm sub-groups were irradiated daily (100 mW, 40 s, energy density of 133 J/cm2). The sciatic nerve segment was removed for RS analysis. The animals showed accentuated sensory and neurofunctional deficit after injury and their rehabilitation occurred more effectively in the sub-groups treated with 660 nm laser. Control 2 sub-group did not obtain functional recovery of gait. The RS identified sphingolipids (718, 1065, and 1440 cm-1) and collagen (700, 852, 1004, 1270, and 1660 cm-1) as biomolecular characteristics of sciatic nerves. Principal component analysis revealed important differences among sub-groups and a directly proportional correlation with SFI, mainly in the sub-group laser 660 nm treated for 21 days. In the axonotmesis-type lesion model presented herein, the 660 nm laser was more efficient in neurofunctional recovery, and the Raman spectra of lipid and protein properties were attributed to the basic biochemical composition of the sciatic nerve.
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Yin L, An Y, Chen X, Yan HX, Zhang T, Lu XG, Yan JT. Local vibration therapy promotes the recovery of nerve function in rats with sciatic nerve injury. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 20:265-273. [PMID: 35153133 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been reported that local vibration therapy can benefit recovery after peripheral nerve injury, but the optimized parameters and effective mechanism were unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of local vibration therapy of different amplitudes on the recovery of nerve function in rats with sciatic nerve injury (SNI). METHODS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to SNI and then randomly divided into 5 groups: sham group, SNI group, SNI + A-1 mm group, SNI + A-2 mm group, and SNI + A-4 mm group (A refers to the amplitude; n = 10 per group). Starting on the 7th day after model initiation, local vibration therapy was given for 21 consecutive days with a frequency of 10 Hz and an amplitude of 1, 2 or 4 mm for 5 min. The sciatic function index (SFI) was assessed before surgery and on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days after surgery. Tissues were harvested on the 28th day after surgery for morphological, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Compared with the SNI group, on the 28th day after surgery, the SFIs of the treatment groups were increased; the difference in the SNI + A-2 mm group was the most obvious (95% confidence interval [CI]: [5.86, 27.09], P < 0.001), and the cross-sectional areas of myocytes in all of the treatment groups were improved. The G-ratios in the SNI + A-1 mm group and SNI + A-2 mm group were reduced significantly (95% CI: [-0.12, -0.02], P = 0.007; 95% CI: [-0.15, -0.06], P < 0.001). In addition, the expressions of S100 and nerve growth factor proteins in the treatment groups were increased; the phosphorylation expressions of ERK1/2 protein in the SNI + A-2 mm group and SNI + A-4 mm group were upregulated (95% CI: [0.03, 0.96], P = 0.038; 95% CI: [0.01, 0.94], P = 0.047, respectively), and the phosphorylation expression of Akt in the SNI + A-1 mm group was upregulated (95% CI: [0.11, 2.07], P = 0.031). CONCLUSION Local vibration therapy, especially with medium amplitude, was able to promote the recovery of nerve function in rats with SNI; this result was linked to the proliferation of Schwann cells and the activation of the ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yun An
- Department of Tuina, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Second Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 200441, China
| | - Hui-Xin Yan
- Department of Tuina, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Tuina, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xin-Gang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jun-Tao Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
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Hamad MN, Boroda N, Echenique DB, Dieter RA, Amirouche FML, Gonzalez MH, Kerns JM. Compound Motor Action Potentials During a Modest Nerve Crush. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:798203. [PMID: 35431816 PMCID: PMC9005805 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.798203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve crush injury results in axonotmesis, characterized by disruption of axons and their myelin sheaths with relative sparing of the nerve’s connective tissue. Despite the widespread use of crush injury models, no standardized method for producing these lesions has been established. We characterize a crush model in which a narrow forceps is used to induce a modest and controlled compressive injury. The instantaneous compound motor action potential (CMAP) is monitored in situ and in real-time, allowing the characterization of neuromuscular response during and after injury. The tibial nerves of 11 anesthetized rats were surgically isolated. After the placement of electrodes, CMAPs were elicited and registered using a modular-data-acquisition system. Dumont-#5 micro-forceps were instrumented with a force transducer allowing force measurement via a digital sensor. Baseline CMAPs were recorded prior to crush and continued for the duration of the experiment. Nerve crushing commenced by gradually increasing the force applied to the forceps. At a target decrease in CMAP amplitude of 70%–90%, crushing was halted. CMAPs were continually recorded for 5–20 min after the termination of the crushing event. Nerves were then fixed for histological assessment. The following post-crush mean values from 19 trials were reported: peak CMAP amplitude decreased by 81.6% from baseline, duration of crush was 17 sec, rate of applied force was 0.03 N/sec, and maximal applied force was 0.5 N. A variety of agonal phenomena were evident post-lesion. Following the initial decrease in CMAP, 8 of 19 trials demonstrated a partial and transient recovery, followed by a further decline. Thirteen trials exhibited a CMAP amplitude near zero at the end of the recording. Twelve trials demonstrated a superimposed EMG background response during and after the crush event, with disappearance occurring within 4–8 min. Qualitative histology assessment at the lesion site demonstrated a correspondence between CMAP response and partial sparing of nerve fibers. By using a targeted decline in CMAP amplitude as the endpoint, researchers may be able to produce controlled, brief, and reproducible crush injuries. This model can also be used to test interventions aimed at enhancing subsequent regeneration and behavioral recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nazmy Hamad
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nickolas Boroda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Raymond A. Dieter
- Hines Veterans Affairs Hospital Research Service, Hines, IL, United States
| | - Farid M. L. Amirouche
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark H. Gonzalez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James M. Kerns
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: James M. Kerns
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Cottilli P, Gaja-Capdevila N, Navarro X. Effects of Sigma-1 Receptor Ligands on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Cells 2022; 11:1083. [PMID: 35406646 PMCID: PMC8998141 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries lead to the loss of motor, sensory and autonomic functions in the territories supplied by the injured nerve. Currently, nerve injuries are managed by surgical repair procedures, and there are no effective drugs in the clinic for improving the capacity of axonal regeneration. Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1R) is an endoplasmic reticulum chaperon protein involved in many functions, including neuroprotection and neuroplasticity. A few previous studies using Sig-1R ligands reported results that suggest this receptor as a putative target to enhance regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of Sig-1R ligands on axonal regeneration in a sciatic nerve section and repair model in mice. To this end, mice were treated either with the Sig-1R agonist PRE-084 or the antagonist BD1063, and a Sig-1R knock-out (KO) mice group was also studied. The electrophysiological and histological data showed that treatment with Sig-1R ligands, or the lack of this protein, did not markedly modify the process of axonal regeneration and target reinnervation after sciatic nerve injury. Nevertheless, the nociceptive tests provided results indicating a role of Sig-1R in sensory perception after nerve injury, and immunohistochemical labeling indicated a regulatory role in inflammatory cell infiltration in the injured nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Cottilli
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 01893 Bellaterra, Spain; (P.C.); (N.G.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Gaja-Capdevila
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 01893 Bellaterra, Spain; (P.C.); (N.G.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 01893 Bellaterra, Spain; (P.C.); (N.G.-C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
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Ren J, Tang X, Wang T, Wei X, Zhang J, Lu L, Liu Y, Yang B. A Dual-Modal Magnetic Resonance/Photoacoustic Imaging Tracer for Long-Term High-Precision Tracking and Facilitating Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injuries. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200183. [PMID: 35306758 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuroanatomical tracing is considered a crucial technique to assess the axonal regeneration level after injury, but traditional tracers do not meet the needs of in vivo neural tracing in deep tissues. Magnetic resonance (MR) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging have high spatial resolution, great penetration depth, and rich contrast. Fe3 O4 nanoparticles may work well as a dual-modal diagnosis probe for neural tracers, with the potential to improve nerve regeneration. The present study combines antegrade neural tracing imaging therapy for the peripheral nervous system. Fe3 O4 @COOH nanoparticles are successfully conjugated with biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) to produce antegrade nano-neural tracers, which are encapsulated by microfluidic droplets to control leakage and allow sustained, slow release. They have many notable advantages over traditional tracers, including dual-modal real-time MR/PA imaging in vivo, long-duration release effect, and limitation of uncontrolled leakage. These multifunctional anterograde neural tracers have potential neurotherapeutic function, are reliable and may be used as a new platform for peripheral nerve injury imaging and treatment integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Ren
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Xiaoduo Tang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Junhu Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Laijin Lu
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130021 China
| | - Bai Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Opto‐Functional Theranostics in Medicine and Chemistry The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
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Petrov D, Burrell JC, Browne KD, Laimo FA, Roberts SE, Ali ZS, Cullen DK. Neurorrhaphy in Presence of Polyethylene Glycol Enables Immediate Electrophysiological Conduction in Porcine Model of Facial Nerve Injury. Front Surg 2022; 9:811544. [PMID: 35341161 PMCID: PMC8948462 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.811544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Facial nerve trauma often leads to disfiguring facial muscle paralysis. Despite several promising advancements, facial nerve repair procedures often do not lead to complete functional recovery. Development of novel repair strategies requires testing in relevant preclinical models that replicate key clinical features. Several studies have reported that fusogens, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), can improve functional recovery by enabling immediate reconnection of injured axons; however, these findings have yet to be demonstrated in a large animal model. We first describe a porcine model of facial nerve injury and repair, including the relevant anatomy, surgical approach, and naive nerve morphometry. Next, we report positive findings from a proof-of-concept experiment testing whether a neurorrhaphy performed in conjunction with a PEG solution maintained electrophysiological nerve conduction at an acute time point in a large animal model. The buccal branch of the facial nerve was transected and then immediately repaired by direct anastomosis and PEG application. Immediate electrical conduction was recorded in the PEG-fused nerves (n = 9/9), whereas no signal was obtained in a control cohort lacking calcium chelating agent in one step (n = 0/3) and in the no PEG control group (n = 0/5). Nerve histology revealed putative-fused axons across the repair site, whereas no positive signal was observed in the controls. Rapid electrophysiological recovery following nerve fusion in a highly translatable porcine model of nerve injury supports previous studies suggesting neurorrhaphy supplemented with PEG may be a promising strategy for severe nerve injury. While acute PEG-mediated axon conduction is promising, additional work is necessary to determine if physical axon fusion occurs and the longer-term fate of distal axon segments as related to functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Petrov
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Justin C. Burrell
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kevin D. Browne
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Franco A. Laimo
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sanford E. Roberts
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zarina S. Ali
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - D. Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: D. Kacy Cullen
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42
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Palomés-Borrajo G, Navarro X, Penas C. BET protein inhibition in macrophages enhances dorsal root ganglion neurite outgrowth in female mice. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:1331-1346. [PMID: 35218246 PMCID: PMC9306766 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration is limited after injury, especially in humans, due to the large distance the axons have to grow in the limbs. This process is highly dependent on the expression of neuroinflammatory factors produced by macrophages and glial cells. Given the importance of the epigenetic BET proteins on inflammation, we aimed to ascertain if BET inhibition may have an effect on axonal outgrowth. For this purpose, we treated female mice with JQ1 or vehicle after sciatic nerve crush injury and analyzed target reinnervation. We also used dorsal root ganglion (DRG) culture explants to analyze the effects of direct BET inhibition or treatment with conditioned medium from BET-inhibited macrophages. We observed that although JQ1 produced an enhancement of IL-4, IL-13, and GAP43 expression, it did not have an effect on sensory or motor reinnervation after crush injury in vivo. In contrast, JQ1 reduced neurite growth when interacting directly with DRG neurons ex vivo, whereas conditioned medium from JQ1-treated macrophages promoted neurite outgrowth. Therefore, BET-inhibited macrophages secrete pro-regenerative factors that induce neurite outgrowth, and that may counteract the direct inhibition of BET proteins in neurons in vivo. Finally, we observed an activation of the STAT6 pathway in DRG explants treated with conditioned medium from JQ1-treated macrophages. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that BET protein inhibition in macrophages provides a mechanism to enhance axonal outgrowth. However, specific targeting of BET proteins to macrophages will be needed to efficiently enhance functional recovery after nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Palomés-Borrajo
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Clara Penas
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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43
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Kayhan Kustepe E, Altunkaynak BZ, Alkan I, Kivrak EG, Yildiran A, Geuna S. Potential Effects of Stem Cells Derived from the Peripheral Nerve and Adipose Tissue after the Nerve Crush Injury in Control and Obese Rats. J INVEST SURG 2022; 35:1021-1033. [DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2021.1991530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kayhan Kustepe
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
| | | | - Işınsu Alkan
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Okan University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elfide Gizem Kivrak
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Alişan Yildiran
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Human Anatomy, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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44
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Negro S, Pirazzini M, Rigoni M. Models and methods to study Schwann cells. J Anat 2022; 241:1235-1258. [PMID: 34988978 PMCID: PMC9558160 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are fundamental components of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of all vertebrates and play essential roles in development, maintenance, function, and regeneration of peripheral nerves. There are distinct populations of SCs including: (1) myelinating SCs that ensheath axons by a specialized plasma membrane, called myelin, which enhances the conduction of electric impulses; (2) non‐myelinating SCs, including Remak SCs, which wrap bundles of multiple axons of small caliber, and perysinaptic SCs (PSCs), associated with motor axon terminals at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). All types of SCs contribute to PNS regeneration through striking morphological and functional changes in response to nerve injury, are affected in peripheral neuropathies and show abnormalities and a diminished plasticity during aging. Therefore, methodological approaches to study and manipulate SCs in physiological and pathophysiological conditions are crucial to expand the present knowledge on SC biology and to devise new therapeutic strategies to counteract neurodegenerative conditions and age‐derived denervation. We present here an updated overview of traditional and emerging methodologies for the study of SCs for scientists approaching this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Negro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Pirazzini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,CIR-Myo, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca di Miologia, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Rigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,CIR-Myo, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca di Miologia, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
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45
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Huang L, Zheng Z, Bai D, Han X. Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth and their Promise as Preventive and Therapeutic Strategies for Neurological Diseases and Injuries. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 17:527-536. [PMID: 34967291 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666211229155533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are relatively easy to isolate from exfoliated deciduous teeth, which are obtained via dental therapy as biological waste. SHEDs originate from the embryonic neural crest and therefore have considerable potential for neurogenic differentiation. Currently, an increasing amount of research attention is focused on the therapeutic applications of SHEDs in neurological diseases and injuries. In this article, we summarize the biological characteristics of SHEDs and the potential role of SHEDs and their derivatives, including conditioned medium from SHEDs and the exosomes they secrete, in the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Huang
- West China College of Stomatology/ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zizhuo Zheng
- West China College of Stomatology/ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ding Bai
- West China College of Stomatology/ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xianglong Han
- West China College of Stomatology/ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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46
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Nasab ST, Roodbari NH, Goodarzi V, Khonakdar HA, Nourani MR. Nanobioglass enhanced polyurethane/collagen conduit in sciatic nerve regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 110:1093-1102. [PMID: 34877767 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of neural tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is the development of biological substitutions to preserve, improve, and regenerate the damaged functions of tissues and organs. Three novel conduits, including polyurethane (PU), polyurethane/collagen (PU/C), and polyurethane/collagen/nano-bio glass (PU/C/NBG), were fabricated by the electrospinning technique. After confirming the suitability of conduits in the in-vitro environment, conduits were surgically sutured in a 10-mm gap in the sciatic nerve of a rat to evaluate their role in sciatic nerve reconstruction. After 4, 8, and 12 weeks of surgery, nerve regeneration was assessed by the hot plate test, sciatic functional index, electromyography, histology, and immunohistochemistry against S100, NF200, and CD31 antibodies. The results of various examinations revealed that the PU/C/NBG conduit is significantly more suitable than PU and PU/C conduits in terms of nerve regeneration. However, all three groups of conduits had the potential to be used for nerve regeneration. Overall, this study discovered that the PU/C/NBG conduit is a biocompatible neural conduit, which is a favorable candidate for peripheral nerve regeneration and axonal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Tofighi Nasab
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Hayati Roodbari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Tissue Engineering Department, Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Nourani
- Tissue Engineering Department, Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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47
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Wang B, Lu CF, Liu ZY, Han S, Wei P, Zhang DY, Kou YH, Jiang BG. Chitin scaffold combined with autologous small nerve repairs sciatic nerve defects. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1106-1114. [PMID: 34558539 PMCID: PMC8552871 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.324859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although autologous nerve transplantation is the gold standard for treating peripheral nerve defects, it has many clinical limitations. As an alternative, various tissue-engineered nerve grafts have been developed to substitute for autologous nerves. In this study, a novel nerve graft composed of chitin scaffolds and a small autologous nerve was used to repair sciatic nerve defects in rats. The novel nerve graft greatly facilitated regeneration of the sciatic nerve and myelin sheath, reduced atrophy of the target muscle, and effectively restored neurological function. When the epineurium of the small autogenous nerve was removed, the degree of nerve regeneration was similar to that which occurs after autogenous nerve transplantation. These findings suggest that our novel nerve graft might eventually be a new option for the construction of tissue-engineered nerve scaffolds. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Peking University People's Hospital (approval No. 2019PHE27) on October 18, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Feng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pi Wei
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hui Kou
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Guo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Ministry of Education/Peking University), Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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48
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Middleton SJ, Perez-Sanchez J, Dawes JM. The structure of sensory afferent compartments in health and disease. J Anat 2021; 241:1186-1210. [PMID: 34528255 PMCID: PMC9558153 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary sensory neurons are a heterogeneous population of cells able to respond to both innocuous and noxious stimuli. Like most neurons they are highly compartmentalised, allowing them to detect, convey and transfer sensory information. These compartments include specialised sensory endings in the skin, the nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons, the cell soma and their central terminals in the spinal cord. In this review, we will highlight the importance of these compartments to primary afferent function, describe how these structures are compromised following nerve damage and how this relates to neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Middleton
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - John M Dawes
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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49
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Lizarraga‐Valderrama LR, Ronchi G, Nigmatullin R, Fregnan F, Basnett P, Paxinou A, Geuna S, Roy I. Preclinical study of peripheral nerve regeneration using nerve guidance conduits based on polyhydroxyalkanaotes. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10223. [PMID: 34589600 PMCID: PMC8459605 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are used as an alternative to the "gold standard" nerve autografting, preventing the need for surgical intervention required to harvest autologous nerves. However, the regeneration outcomes achieved with the current NGCs are only comparable with autografting when the gap is short (less than 10 mm). In the present study, we have developed NGCs made from a blend of polyhydroxyalkanoates, a family of natural resorbable polymers. Hollow NGCs made from a 75:25 poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) blend (PHA-NGCs) were manufactured using dip-molding. These PHA-NGCs showed appropriate flexibility for peripheral nerve regeneration. In vitro cell studies performed using RT4-D6P2T rat Schwann cell line confirmed that the material is capable of sustaining cell proliferation and adhesion. PHA-NGCs were then implanted in vivo to repair 10 mm gaps of the median nerve of female Wistar rats for 12 weeks. Functional evaluation of the regenerated nerve using the grasping test showed that PHA-NGCs displayed similar motor recovery as the autograft, starting from week 7. Additionally, nerve cross-sectional area, density and number of myelinated cells, as well as axon diameter, fiber diameter, myelin thickness and g-ratio obtained using the PHA-NGCs were found comparable to an autograft. This preclinical data confirmed that the PHA-NGCs are indeed highly promising candidates for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena R. Lizarraga‐Valderrama
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and SciencesUniversity of WestminsterLondonUK
- School of Life Sciences, Queen's Medical CentreUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO)University of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Rinat Nigmatullin
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and SciencesUniversity of WestminsterLondonUK
- Bristol Composites Institute (ACCIS)University of BristolBristolUK
| | - Federica Fregnan
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO)University of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Pooja Basnett
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and SciencesUniversity of WestminsterLondonUK
| | - Alexandra Paxinou
- School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and SciencesUniversity of WestminsterLondonUK
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
- Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO)University of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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50
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Yow YY, Goh TK, Nyiew KY, Lim LW, Phang SM, Lim SH, Ratnayeke S, Wong KH. Therapeutic Potential of Complementary and Alternative Medicines in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092194. [PMID: 34571842 PMCID: PMC8472132 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the progressive advances, current standards of treatments for peripheral nerve injury do not guarantee complete recovery. Thus, alternative therapeutic interventions should be considered. Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are widely explored for their therapeutic value, but their potential use in peripheral nerve regeneration is underappreciated. The present systematic review, designed according to guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols, aims to present and discuss the current literature on the neuroregenerative potential of CAMs, focusing on plants or herbs, mushrooms, decoctions, and their respective natural products. The available literature on CAMs associated with peripheral nerve regeneration published up to 2020 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. According to current literature, the neuroregenerative potential of Achyranthes bidentata, Astragalus membranaceus, Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, and Hericium erinaceus are the most widely studied. Various CAMs enhanced proliferation and migration of Schwann cells in vitro, primarily through activation of MAPK pathway and FGF-2 signaling, respectively. Animal studies demonstrated the ability of CAMs to promote peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery, which are partially associated with modulations of neurotrophic factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-apoptotic signaling. This systematic review provides evidence for the potential use of CAMs in the management of peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (T.-K.G.); (K.-Y.N.); (S.R.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-Y.Y.); (L.-W.L.); (K.-H.W.); Tel.: +603-7491-8622 (Y.-Y.Y.); +852-3917-6830 (L.-W.L.); +603-7967-4729 (K.-H.W.)
| | - Tiong-Keat Goh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (T.-K.G.); (K.-Y.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Ke-Ying Nyiew
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (T.-K.G.); (K.-Y.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Lee-Wei Lim
- Neuromodulation Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, L4 Laboratory Block, Hong Kong
- Correspondence: (Y.-Y.Y.); (L.-W.L.); (K.-H.W.); Tel.: +603-7491-8622 (Y.-Y.Y.); +852-3917-6830 (L.-W.L.); +603-7967-4729 (K.-H.W.)
| | - Siew-Moi Phang
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Huah Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Shyamala Ratnayeke
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya 47500, Malaysia; (T.-K.G.); (K.-Y.N.); (S.R.)
| | - Kah-Hui Wong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (Y.-Y.Y.); (L.-W.L.); (K.-H.W.); Tel.: +603-7491-8622 (Y.-Y.Y.); +852-3917-6830 (L.-W.L.); +603-7967-4729 (K.-H.W.)
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