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Xu Y, Lin Y, Yu M, Zhou K. The nucleus accumbens in reward and aversion processing: insights and implications. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1420028. [PMID: 39184934 PMCID: PMC11341389 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1420028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc), a central component of the brain's reward circuitry, has been implicated in a wide range of behaviors and emotional states. Emerging evidence, primarily drawing from recent rodent studies, suggests that the function of the NAc in reward and aversion processing is multifaceted. Prolonged stress or drug use induces maladaptive neuronal function in the NAc circuitry, which results in pathological conditions. This review aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date insights on the role of the NAc in motivated behavior regulation and highlights areas that demand further in-depth analysis. It synthesizes the latest findings on how distinct NAc neuronal populations and pathways contribute to the processing of opposite valences. The review examines how a range of neuromodulators, especially monoamines, influence the NAc's control over various motivational states. Furthermore, it delves into the complex underlying mechanisms of psychiatric disorders such as addiction and depression and evaluates prospective interventions to restore NAc functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kuikui Zhou
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Han Y, Ai L, Song L, Zhou Y, Chen D, Sha S, Ji R, Li Q, Bu Q, Pan X, Zhai X, Cui M, Duan J, Yang J, Chaudhury D, Hu A, Liu H, Han MH, Cao JL, Zhang H. Midbrain glutamatergic circuit mechanism of resilience to socially transferred allodynia in male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4947. [PMID: 38858350 PMCID: PMC11164890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49340-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential brain mechanism underlying resilience to socially transferred allodynia remains unknown. Here, we utilize a well-established socially transferred allodynia paradigm to segregate male mice into pain-susceptible and pain-resilient subgroups. Brain screening results show that ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons are selectively activated in pain-resilient mice as compared to control and pain-susceptible mice. Chemogenetic manipulations demonstrate that activation and inhibition of ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons bi-directionally regulate resilience to socially transferred allodynia. Moreover, ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons that project specifically to the nucleus accumbens shell and lateral habenula regulate the development and maintenance of the pain-resilient phenotype, respectively. Together, we establish an approach to explore individual variations in pain response and identify ventral tegmental area glutamatergic neurons and related downstream circuits as critical targets for resilience to socially transferred allodynia and the development of conceptually innovative analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Lin Ai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Lingzhen Song
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Sha Sha
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Ran Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Qize Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Qingyang Bu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Zhai
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Mengqiao Cui
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Jiawen Duan
- Department of Mental Health and Public Health, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, PR China
| | - Junxia Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - Dipesh Chaudhury
- Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Saadiyat Island, 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ankang Hu
- The Animal Facility of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, PR China
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Department of Mental Health and Public Health, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, PR China.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Jun-Li Cao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, PR China.
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Deiana G, He J, Cabrera-Mendoza B, Ciccocioppo R, Napolioni V, Polimanti R. Brain-wide pleiotropy investigation of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking behaviors. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.27.24307989. [PMID: 38854122 PMCID: PMC11160805 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.27.24307989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the pleiotropic mechanisms linking brain structure and function to alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking, we integrated genome-wide data generated by the GWAS and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use (GSCAN; up to 805,431 participants) with information related to 3,935 brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) available from UK Biobank (N=33,224). We observed global genetic correlation of smoking behaviors with white matter hyperintensities, the morphology of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the mean thickness of pole-occipital. With respect to the latter brain IDP, we identified a local genetic correlation with age at which the individual began smoking regularly (hg38 chr2:35,895,678-36,640,246: rho=1, p=1.01×10 -5 ). This region has been previously associated with smoking initiation, educational attainment, chronotype, and cortical thickness. Our genetically informed causal inference analysis using both latent causal variable approach and Mendelian randomization linked the activity of prefrontal and premotor cortex and that of superior and inferior precentral sulci, and cingulate sulci to the number of alcoholic drinks per week (genetic causality proportion, gcp=0.38, p=8.9×10 -4 , rho=-0.18±0.07; inverse variance weighting, IVW beta=-0.04, 95%CI=-0.07 - -0.01). This relationship could be related to the role of these brain regions in the modulation of reward-seeking motivation and the processing of social cues. Overall, our brain-wide investigation highlighted that different pleiotropic mechanisms likely contribute to the relationship of brain structure and function with alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking, suggesting decision-making activities and chemosensory processing as modulators of propensity towards alcohol and tobacco consumption.
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Montgomery SE, Li L, Russo SJ, Calipari ES, Nestler EJ, Morel C, Han MH. Mesolimbic Neural Response Dynamics Predict Future Individual Alcohol Drinking in Mice. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:951-962. [PMID: 38061466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual variability in response to rewarding stimuli is a striking but understudied phenomenon. The mesolimbic dopamine system is critical in encoding the reinforcing properties of both natural reward and alcohol; however, how innate or baseline differences in the response dynamics of this circuit define individual behavior and shape future vulnerability to alcohol remain unknown. METHODS Using naturalistic behavioral assays, a voluntary alcohol drinking paradigm, in vivo fiber photometry, in vivo electrophysiology, and chemogenetics, we investigated how differences in mesolimbic neural circuit activity contribute to the individual variability seen in reward processing and, by proxy, alcohol drinking. RESULTS We first characterized heterogeneous behavioral and neural responses to natural reward and defined how these baseline responses predicted future individual alcohol-drinking phenotypes in male mice. We then determined spontaneous ventral tegmental area dopamine neuron firing profiles associated with responses to natural reward that predicted alcohol drinking. Using a dual chemogenetic approach, we mimicked specific mesolimbic dopamine neuron firing activity before or during voluntary alcohol drinking to link unique neurophysiological profiles to individual phenotype. We show that hyperdopaminergic individuals exhibit a lower neuronal response to both natural reward and alcohol that predicts lower levels of alcohol consumption in the future. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal unique, circuit-specific neural signatures that predict future individual vulnerability or resistance to alcohol and expand the current knowledge base on how some individuals are able to titrate their alcohol consumption whereas others go on to engage in unhealthy alcohol-drinking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Montgomery
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and the Center for Affective Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Long Li
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and the Center for Affective Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and the Center for Affective Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and the Center for Affective Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Departments of Pharmacology, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and the Center for Affective Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Carole Morel
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and the Center for Affective Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Mental Health and Public Health, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Gao R, Schneider AM, Mulloy SM, Lee AM. Expression pattern of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit transcripts in neurons and astrocytes in the ventral tegmental area and locus coeruleus. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2225-2239. [PMID: 37539749 PMCID: PMC10838369 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine is the endogenous agonist for the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) system, which is involved in attention, memory, affective behaviours and substance use disorders. Brain nAChRs are highly diverse with 11 different subunits that can form multiple receptor subtypes, each with distinct receptor and pharmacological properties. Different neuronal cell types can also express different nAChR subtypes, resulting in highly complex cholinergic signalling. Identifying which nAChR subunit transcripts are expressed in cell types can provide an indication of which nAChR combinations are possible and which receptor subtypes may be most pharmacologically relevant to target. In addition to differences in expression across cell types, nAChRs also undergo changes in expression levels from adolescence to adulthood. In this study, we used fluorescent in situ hybridization to identify and quantify the expression of α4, α5, α6, β2 and β3 nAChR subunit transcripts in dopaminergic, GABAergic, glutamatergic and noradrenergic neurons and astrocytes in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and locus coeruleus (LC) in adult and adolescent, male and female C57BL/6J mice. There were distinct differences in the pattern of nAChR subunit transcript expression between the two brain regions. LC noradrenergic neurons had high prevalence of α6, β2 and β3 expression, with very low expression of α4, suggesting the α6(non-α4)β2β3 receptor as a main subtype in these neurons. VTA astrocytes from adult mice showed greater prevalence of α5, α6, β2 and β3 transcript compared with adolescent mice. These data highlight the complex nAChR expression patterns across brain region and cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runbo Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amelia M. Schneider
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah M. Mulloy
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anna M. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Hose L, Langenhagen AK, Kefalakes E, Schweitzer T, Kubinski S, Barak S, Pich A, Grothe C. A dual-omics approach on the effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) on ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons in response to alcohol consumption in mice. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1519-1535. [PMID: 38185886 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Harmful alcohol consumption is a major socioeconomic burden to the health system, as it can be the cause of mortality of heavy alcohol drinkers. The dopaminergic (DAergic) system is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of alcohol drinking behaviour; however, its exact role remains elusive. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), a neurotrophic factor, associated with both the DAergic system and alcohol consumption, may play an important role in DAergic neuroadaptations during alcohol abuse. Within this study, we aimed to clarify the role of endogenous FGF-2 on the DAergic system and whether there is a possible link to alcohol consumption. We found that lack of FGF-2 reduces the alcohol intake of mice. Transcriptome analysis of DAergic neurons revealed that FGF-2 knockout (FGF-2 KO) shifts the molecular fingerprint of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons to DA subtypes of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In line with this, proteomic changes predominantly appear also in the VTA. Interestingly, these changes led to an altered regulation of the FGF-2 signalling cascades and DAergic pathways in a region-specific manner, which was only marginally affected by voluntary alcohol consumption. Thus, lack of FGF-2 not only affects the gene expression but also the proteome of specific brain regions of mDA neurons. Our study provides new insights into the neuroadaptations of the DAergic system during alcohol abuse and, therefore, comprises novel targets for future pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Hose
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
| | - Alina Katharina Langenhagen
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ekaterini Kefalakes
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Theresa Schweitzer
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Core Facility Proteomics, Institute of Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kubinski
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Segev Barak
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
- Core Facility Proteomics, Institute of Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Grothe
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
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Frycz BA, Nowicka K, Konopka A, Hoener MC, Bulska E, Kaczmarek L, Stefaniuk M. Activation of trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) transiently reduces alcohol drinking in socially housed mice. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13285. [PMID: 37369127 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is characterized by the abnormal release of dopamine in the brain reward-related areas. Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor that negatively regulates dopamine neurotransmission and thus is a promising target in the treatment of drug addiction. However, the role of TAAR1 in the regulation of alcohol abuse remains understudied. Here, we assessed the effect of TAAR1 activation on alcohol drinking behaviours of C57Bl/6J female mice housed in IntelliCages. The animals were administered with either vehicle or TAAR1 full selective agonist, RO5256390, and tested for alcohol consumption, alcohol preference and motivation for alcohol seeking. We found that mice with the highest preference for alcohol (high drinkers) in the RO5256390 group consumed less alcohol and had lower alcohol preference in comparison with high drinkers in the vehicle group, during 20 h of free alcohol access (FAA). We also found decreased alcohol consumption and alcohol preference comparing all animals in the RO5256390 to all animals in the vehicle group, during 20 h of FAA performed after the abstinence. These effects of RO5256390 lasted for the first 24 h after administration that roughly corresponded to the compound level in the brain, measured by mass spectrometry. Finally, we found that administration of RO5256390 may attenuate motivation for alcohol seeking. Taken together, our findings reveal that activation of TAAR1 may transiently reduce alcohol drinking; thus, TAAR1 is a promising target for the treatment of alcohol abuse and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Adam Frycz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Nowicka
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Konopka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological, and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marius Christian Hoener
- Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, pRED, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ewa Bulska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological, and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Kaczmarek
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Stefaniuk
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Yu X, Wang M, cen J, Ye M, Li S, Wang Y, Su Q, Chen H, Xu R, Zhang S, Wang S, Yu Y, Deng Z, Chen Z. Advice for smokers in smoking cessation clinic: a review. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:374-379. [PMID: 38223627 PMCID: PMC10782343 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i2.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco dependence has become a global public health concern. We chose to investigate the modifiable factors and motivations during the period of smoking cessation based on the mechanism of nicotine addiction. Methods We selected emotion, sleep, alcohol, caffeine beverages, mental activities after dinner, exercise and CYP2A6 genotype as influencing factors, and provided corresponding recommendations for smokers based on these factors. Based on these characteristics, we reviewed literature and summarized the relationship between these factors and nicotine dependence or smoking. Results Different emotion, sleep deficiency, caffeine intake, alcohol consumption, mental activities after dinner, physical exercises and CYP2A6 genotype have an effect on daily smoking and nicotine dependence. Conclusion These suggestions related literature-derived factors may increase the success rate of smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechan Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Meihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo ninth Hospital No.68, Xiangbei Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Jie cen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo ninth Hospital, No.68, Xiangbei Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Mianzhi Ye
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Younuo Wang
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315020
| | - Qingwen Su
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315020
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Shuya Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315020
| | - Yiming Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Zaichun Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
| | - Zhongbo Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University No.247, Renmin Road, Jiangbei District Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China, 315010
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Cruz B, Castañeda K, Aranda M, Hinojosa CA, Castro-Gutierrez R, Flores RJ, Spencer CT, Vozella V, Roberto M, Gadad BS, Roychowdhury S, O’Dell LE. Alcohol self-administration and nicotine withdrawal alter biomarkers of stress and inflammation and prefrontal cortex changes in Gβ subunits. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:321-332. [PMID: 36206520 PMCID: PMC10348398 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2121656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although alcohol and nicotine are often used together, the biological consequences of these substances are not well understood. Identifying shared targets will inform cessation pharmacotherapies and provide a deeper understanding of how co-use of alcohol and nicotine impacts health, including biomarkers of stress and inflammation.Objective: We examined the effects of nicotine exposure and withdrawal on alcohol self-administration (SA), stress and inflammatory biomarkers, and a G-protein coupled receptor subunit (Gβ) in brain areas associated with drug use.Methods: Male rats were trained to SA alcohol and then received a nicotine pump (n = 7-8 per group). We assessed alcohol intake for 12 days during nicotine exposure and then following pump removal to elicit withdrawal. After the behavioral studies, we assessed plasma leptin, corticosterone, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Gβ protein expression in the amygdala, nucleus accumbens (NAc), and prefrontal cortex (PFC).Results: Nicotine exposure or withdrawal did not alter alcohol intake (p > .05). Alcohol and nicotine withdrawal elevated corticosterone levels (p = .015) and decreased Gβ levels in the PFC (p = .004). In the absence of nicotine, alcohol SA suppressed IL-1β levels (p = .039). Chronic exposure to nicotine or withdrawal during alcohol SA did not alter leptin levels or Gβ expression in the amygdala or NAc (p's > .05).Conclusions: The combination of alcohol SA and nicotine withdrawal produced a persistent increase in stress biomarkers and a suppression in Gβ expression in the PFC, providing an important first step toward understanding the common biological mechanisms of alcohol/nicotine misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Cruz
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karen Castañeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Aranda
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Cecilia A. Hinojosa
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | | | - Rodolfo J. Flores
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Charles T. Spencer
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Valentina Vozella
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisa Roberto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bharathi S. Gadad
- Department of Psychiatry, Paul L Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
- Southwest Brain Bank, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Sukla Roychowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Laura E. O’Dell
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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10
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Stefaniuk M, Pawłowska M, Barański M, Nowicka K, Zieliński Z, Bijoch Ł, Legutko D, Majka P, Bednarek S, Jermakow N, Wójcik D, Kaczmarek L. Global brain c-Fos profiling reveals major functional brain networks rearrangements after alcohol reexposure. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 178:106006. [PMID: 36682503 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Many fundamental questions on alcohol use disorder (AUD) are frequently difficult to address by examining a single brain structure, but should be viewed from the whole brain perspective. c-Fos is a marker of neuronal activation. Global brain c-Fos profiling in rodents represents a promising platform to study brain functional networks rearrangements in AUD. We used a mouse model of alcohol drinking in IntelliCage. We trained mice to voluntarily drink alcohol, next subjected them to withdrawal and alcohol reexposure. We have developed a dedicated image computational workflow to identify c-Fos-positive cells in three-dimensional images obtained after whole-brain optical clearing and imaging in the light-sheet microscope. We provide a complete list of 169 brain structures with annotated c-Fos expression. We analyzed functional networks, brain modularity and engram index. Brain c-Fos levels in animals reexposed to alcohol were different from both control and binge drinking animals. Structures involved in reward processing, decision making and characteristic for addictive behaviors, such as precommissural nucleus, nucleus Raphe, parts of colliculus and tecta stood out particularly. Alcohol reexposure leads to a massive change of brain modularity including a formation of numerous smaller functional modules grouping structures involved in addiction development. Binge drinking can lead to substantial functional remodeling in the brain. We provide a list of structures that can be used as a target in pharmacotherapy but also point to the networks and modules that can hold therapeutic potential demonstrated by a clinical trial in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Stefaniuk
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Pawłowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Experimental Physics, Section of Optics, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Barański
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Nowicka
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Łukasz Bijoch
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland; Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Diana Legutko
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Majka
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, Nencki Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bednarek
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, Nencki Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Jermakow
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, Nencki Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Wójcik
- Laboratory of Neuroinformatics, Nencki Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Kaczmarek
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute, BRAINCITY, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Hammad AM, Alzaghari LF, Alfaraj M, Al-Qerem W, Talib WH, Alasmari F, Amawi H, Hall FS. Acetylsalicylic acid reduces cigarette smoke withdrawal-induced anxiety in rats via modulating the expression of NFĸB, GLT-1, and xCT. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1047236. [PMID: 36699078 PMCID: PMC9868824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1047236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke produces neuroinflammation and long-term changes in neurotransmitter systems, especially glutamatergic systems. Objective: We examined the effects of cigarette smoke on astroglial glutamate transporters as well as NF-κB expression in mesocorticolimbic brain regions, prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). The behavioral consequences of cigarette smoke exposure were assessed using open field (OF) and light/dark (LD) tests to assess withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behavior. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five experimental groups: a control group exposed only to standard room air, a cigarette smoke exposed group treated with saline vehicle, two cigarette smoke exposed groups treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively), and a group treated only with ASA (30 mg/kg). Cigarette smoke exposure was performed for 2 h/day, 5 days/week, for 31 days. Behavioral tests were conducted weekly, 24 h after cigarette smoke exposure, during acute withdrawal. At the end of week 4, rats were given either saline or ASA 45 min before cigarette exposure for 11 days. Results: Cigarette smoke increased withdrawal-induced anxiety, and 30 mg/kg ASA attenuated this effect. Cigarette smoke exposure increased the relative mRNA and protein expression of nuclear factor ĸB (NFĸB) in PFC and NAc, and ASA treatment reversed this effect. Also, cigarette smoke decreased the relative mRNA and protein expression of glutamate transporter1 (GLT-1) and the cystine-glutamate transporter (xCT) in the PFC and the NAc, while ASA treatment normalized their expression. Conclusion: Cigarette smoke caused neuroinflammation, alterations in glutamate transporter expression, and increased anxiety-like behavior, and these effects were attenuated by acetylsalicylic acid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M. Hammad
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lujain F. Alzaghari
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malek Alfaraj
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutic, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Fawaz Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen Amawi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - F. Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
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12
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Fan L, Chen H, Liu Y, Hou H, Hu Q. ERK signaling is required for nicotine-induced conditional place preference by regulating neuroplasticity genes expression in male mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 222:173510. [PMID: 36565790 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is an addictive compound that interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), inducing a release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). When neurons undergo repeated exposure to nicotine, several adaptive changes in neuroplasticity occur. Activation of nAChRs involves numerous intracellular signaling cascades that likely contribute to neuroplasticity and ultimately the establishment of nicotine addiction. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying this adaptation remain unclear. To explore the effects of nicotine on neuroplasticity, a stable nicotine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) model was constructed by intravenous injection in mice. Using a PCR array, we observed significant changes in the expression of synaptic plasticity-related genes in the VTA (16 mRNAs) and NAc (40 mRNAs). When mice were pre-treated with PD98059, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor, more gene expression changes in the VTA (53 mRNAs) and NAc (60 mRNAs) were found. Moreover, PD98059 pre-treatment blocked the increased p-ERK/ERK and p-CREB/CREB ratios and decreased the expression of synaptic plasticity-related proteins such as SAP102, PSD95, synaptophysin, and BDNF, these changes might contribute to preventing the establishment of nicotine-induced CPP. Furthermore, neurons from the VTA and NAc of nicotine CPP mice had an increased dendritic spine density and complexity of dendritic morphology by Golgi staining. PD98059 also blocked this dynamic. These results demonstrate that repeated exposure to nicotine may remold the expression of neuroplasticity-related genes by activating the ERK signaling pathway in the VTA and NAc, and is related to the establishment of nicotine-induced CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fan
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China; China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, PR China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, PR China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China.
| | - Hongwei Hou
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, PR China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision & Test Center, Zhengzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, PR China; Beijing Institute of Life Science and Technology, Beijing, China; Key Labortory of Tobacco Biological Effects and Biosynthesis, Beijing, China.
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13
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Kolodner G, DiClemente CC, Miller MM. Nicotine Addiction: A Burning Issue in Addiction Psychiatry. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2022; 45:451-465. [PMID: 36055732 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Addressing nicotine addiction has been given a low priority, compared with other substance use disorders (SUDs), by the addiction treatment field. Persons with nicotine addiction are reluctant to attempt to stop using nicotine products-despite recognizing it to be a problem-because they are feeling discouraged by multiple past unsuccessful attempts at quitting. By understanding that discouragement is a frequent reason that these people are in Precontemplation and by using traditional clinical interventions applied to other SUDs, clinicians could achieve better overall treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kolodner
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | - Michael M Miller
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, USA
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14
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King CP, Meyer PJ. The incentive amplifying effects of nicotine: Roles in alcohol seeking and consumption. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 93:171-218. [PMID: 35341566 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine has a unique profile among drugs of abuse. To the noninitiated user, nicotine has powerful aversive effects and its relatively weak euphorigenic effects undergo rapid tolerance. Despite this, nicotine is commonly abused despite negative heath consequences, and nicotine users have enormous difficulty quitting. Further, nicotine is one of the most commonly co-abused substances, in that it is often taken in combination with other drugs. One explanation of this polydrug use is that nicotine has multiple appetitive and consummatory conditioning effects. For example, nicotine is a reinforcement enhancer in that it can potently increase the incentive value of other stimuli, including those surrounding drugs of abuse such as alcohol. In addition, nicotine also has a unique profile of neurobiological effects that alter regulation of alcohol intake and interoception. This review discusses the psychological and biological mechanisms surrounding nicotine's appetitive conditioning and consummatory effects, particularly its interactions with alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P King
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States; Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Paul J Meyer
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
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15
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Poisson CL, Engel L, Saunders BT. Dopamine Circuit Mechanisms of Addiction-Like Behaviors. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:752420. [PMID: 34858143 PMCID: PMC8631198 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.752420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Addiction is a complex disease that impacts millions of people around the world. Clinically, addiction is formalized as substance use disorder (SUD), with three primary symptom categories: exaggerated substance use, social or lifestyle impairment, and risky substance use. Considerable efforts have been made to model features of these criteria in non-human animal research subjects, for insight into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Here we review evidence from rodent models of SUD-inspired criteria, focusing on the role of the striatal dopamine system. We identify distinct mesostriatal and nigrostriatal dopamine circuit functions in behavioral outcomes that are relevant to addictions and SUDs. This work suggests that striatal dopamine is essential for not only positive symptom features of SUDs, such as elevated intake and craving, but also for impairments in decision making that underlie compulsive behavior, reduced sociality, and risk taking. Understanding the functional heterogeneity of the dopamine system and related networks can offer insight into this complex symptomatology and may lead to more targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carli L. Poisson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Liv Engel
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Benjamin T. Saunders
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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16
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Watten RG, Watten VP. Snus and Alcohol: Mutually Rewarding Effects in the Brain? A Matched Controlled Population Study. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2021; 15:11782218211027124. [PMID: 34366668 PMCID: PMC8317241 DOI: 10.1177/11782218211027124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: The use of moist smokeless tobacco (snus) is increasing in the U.S. and other Western countries, and especially among young people. Snus is associated with several health problems, but the relationship between use of snus and alcohol is scarcely explored. Neuro-cognitive and psychological research suggest an association due to possible mutually rewarding effects in the limbic brain. We investigated this issue in a matched controlled population study. Methods: Matched control group design where drinking habits and alcohol consumption in a group of users of snus (n = 1043, mean age = 35.20; n men = 749, n women = 294) were compared to a control group of non-users matched on age and gender (n = 1043, mean age = 35.65; n men = 749, n women = 294). In addition, we registered background variables such as level of education, income, self-perceived general, dental health, mental health, current depressive symptoms, and BMI. In estimation of alcohol consumption, the background variables were used as covariates in factorial analyses of variance (ANCOVA). Results: Users of snus had lower level of education, lower income, poorer general, dental, and mental health status than non-users, but there were no differences in BMI. Differences in mental health status were related to drinking habits. Users of snus had a higher frequency of drinking, higher frequency of intoxication, and showed more excess drinking. Controlled for background variables users of snus had a 25.2% higher estimated yearly consumption of alcohol in terms of standard units of alcohol on the weekdays, 26.4% higher on weekends and a 60.2% higher yearly excess consumption. Conclusion: Users of snus had an elevated alcohol consumption and another drinking style than non-users. The findings are discussed according to neuro-cognitive and psychopharmacological mechanisms, reward learning and conditioning. The results have implications for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of alcohol and nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reidulf G Watten
- Department of Psychology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, INN University, Norway
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17
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Therapeutic potential of targeting G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in the central nervous system. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 223:107808. [PMID: 33476640 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir3/GirK) are important for maintaining resting membrane potential, cell excitability and inhibitory neurotransmission. Coupled to numerous G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), they mediate the effects of many neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and hormones contributing to the general homeostasis and particular synaptic plasticity processes, learning, memory and pain signaling. A growing number of behavioral and genetic studies suggest a critical role for the appropriate functioning of the central nervous system, as well as their involvement in many neurologic and psychiatric conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, mood disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, epilepsy, alcoholism and drug addiction. Hence, GirK channels emerge as a very promising tool to be targeted in the current scenario where these conditions already are or will become a global public health problem. This review examines recent findings on the physiology, function, dysfunction, and pharmacology of GirK channels in the central nervous system and highlights the relevance of GirK channels as a worthful potential target to improve therapies for related diseases.
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18
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Buck SA, Torregrossa MM, Logan RW, Freyberg Z. Roles of dopamine and glutamate co-release in the nucleus accumbens in mediating the actions of drugs of abuse. FEBS J 2020; 288:1462-1474. [PMID: 32702182 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Projections of ventral tegmental area dopamine (DA) neurons to the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens have been increasingly implicated as integral to the behavioral and physiological changes involved in the development of substance use disorders (SUDs). Recently, many of these nucleus accumbens-projecting DA neurons were found to also release the neurotransmitter glutamate. This glutamate co-release from DA neurons is critical in mediating the effect of drugs of abuse on addiction-related behaviors. Potential mechanisms underlying the role(s) of dopamine/glutamate co-release in contributing to SUDs are unclear. Nevertheless, an important clue may relate to glutamate's ability to potentiate loading of DA into synaptic vesicles within terminals in the nucleus accumbens in response to drug-induced elevations in neuronal activity, enabling a more robust release of DA after stimulation. Here, we summarize how drugs of abuse, particularly cocaine, opioids, and alcohol, alter DA release in the nucleus accumbens medial shell, examine the potential role of DA/glutamate co-release in mediating these effects, and discuss future directions for further investigating these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas A Buck
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary M Torregrossa
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan W Logan
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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19
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Goldstein RZ, Barrot M, Everitt BJ, Foxe JJ. Addiction in focus: molecular mechanisms, model systems, circuit maps, risk prediction and the quest for effective interventions. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 50:2007-2013. [PMID: 31502353 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Z Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Leon and Norma Hess Center for Science and Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michel Barrot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Barry J Everitt
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John J Foxe
- The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, The Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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20
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Müller TE, Fontana BD, Bertoncello KT, Franscescon F, Mezzomo NJ, Canzian J, Stefanello FV, Parker MO, Gerlai R, Rosemberg DB. Understanding the neurobiological effects of drug abuse: Lessons from zebrafish models. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 100:109873. [PMID: 31981718 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse and brain disorders related to drug comsumption are public health problems with harmful individual and social consequences. The identification of therapeutic targets and precise pharmacological treatments to these neuropsychiatric conditions associated with drug abuse are urgently needed. Understanding the link between neurobiological mechanisms and behavior is a key aspect of elucidating drug abuse-related targets. Due to various molecular, biochemical, pharmacological, and physiological features, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been considered a suitable vertebrate for modeling complex processes involved in drug abuse responses. In this review, we discuss how the zebrafish has been successfully used for modeling neurobehavioral phenotypes related to drug abuse and review the effects of opioids, cannabinoids, alcohol, nicotine, and psychedelic drugs on the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, we summarize recent advances in zebrafish-based studies and outline potential advantages and limitations of the existing zebrafish models to explore the neurochemical bases of drug abuse and addiction. Finally, we discuss how the use of zebrafish models may present fruitful approaches to provide valuable clinically translatable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talise E Müller
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Old St Michael's Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Kanandra T Bertoncello
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Francini Franscescon
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Nathana J Mezzomo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Canzian
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Flavia V Stefanello
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Matthew O Parker
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Old St Michael's Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA.
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21
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Waeiss RA, Knight CP, Engleman EA, Hauser SR, Rodd ZA. Co-administration of ethanol and nicotine heightens sensitivity to ethanol reward within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell and increasing NAc shell BDNF is sufficient to enhance ethanol reward in naïve Wistar rats. J Neurochem 2020; 152:556-569. [PMID: 31721205 PMCID: PMC10826843 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder most commonly presents as a polydrug disorder where greater than 85% are estimated to smoke. EtOH and nicotine (NIC) co-abuse or exposure results in unique neuroadaptations that are linked to behaviors that promote drug use. The current experiments aimed to identify neuroadaptations within the mesolimbic pathway produced by concurrent EtOH and NIC exposure. The experiments used four overall groups of male Wistar rats consisting of vehicle, EtOH or NIC alone, and EtOH+NIC. Drug exposure through direct infusion into the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) stimulated release of glutamate and dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, which was quantified through high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A second experiment investigated the effects of drug pretreatment within the pVTA on the reinforcing properties of EtOH within the NAc shell through intracranial self-administration (ICSA). The concluding experiment evaluated the effect of NAc shell pretreatment with BDNF on EtOH reward utilizing ICSA within that region. The data indicated that only EtOH+NIC administration into the pVTA simultaneously increased glutamate, dopamine, and BDNF in the NAc shell. Moreover, only pVTA pretreatment with EtOH+NIC enhanced the reinforcing properties of EtOH in the NAc shell. BDNF pretreatment in the NAc shell was also sufficient to enhance the reinforcing properties of EtOH in the NAc shell. The collected data suggest that concurrent EtOH+NIC exposure results in a distinct neurochemical response and neuroadaptations within the mesolimbic pathway that alter EtOH reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Waeiss
- Program in Medical Neuroscience, Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Christopher P Knight
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eric A Engleman
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Sheketha R Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Zachary A Rodd
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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22
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Faria V, Han P, Joshi A, Enck P, Hummel T. Verbal suggestions of nicotine content modulate ventral tegmental neural activity during the presentation of a nicotine-free odor in cigarette smokers. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 31:100-108. [PMID: 31812330 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Expectancies of nicotine content have been shown to impact smokers' subjective responses and smoking behaviors. However, little is known about the neural substrates modulated by verbally induced expectancies in smokers. In this study we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate how verbally induced expectations, regarding the presence or absence of nicotine, modulated smokers' neural response to a nicotine-free odor. While laying in the scanner, all participants (N = 24) were given a nicotine-free odor, but whereas one group was correctly informed about the absence of nicotine (control group n = 12), the other group was led to believe that the presented odor contained nicotine (expectancy group n = 12). Smokers in the expectancy group had significantly increased blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses during the presentation of the nicotine-free odor in the left ventral tegmental area (VTA), and in the right insula, as compared to smokers in the control group (Regions of interest analysis with pFWE-corrected p ≤ 0.05). At a more liberal uncorrected statistical level (p-unc ≤ 0.001), increased bilateral reactivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) was also observed in the expectancy group as compared with the control group. Our findings suggest that nicotine-expectancies induced through verbal instructions can modulate nicotine relevant brain regions, without nicotine administration, and provide further neural support for the key role that cognitive expectancies play in the cause and treatment of nicotine dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Faria
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Pengfei Han
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Akshita Joshi
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Paul Enck
- Department of Internal Medicine VI: Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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23
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Waeiss RA, Knight CP, Carvajal GB, Bell RL, Engleman EA, McBride WJ, Hauser SR, Rodd ZA. Peri-adolescent alcohol consumption increases sensitivity and dopaminergic response to nicotine during adulthood in female alcohol-preferring (P) rats: Alterations to α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112190. [PMID: 31473285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent alcohol drinking has been linked to increased risk for drug abuse during adulthood. Nicotine microinjected directly into the posterior ventral tegmental area (pVTA) stimulates dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a potent regulator of dopaminergic activity in the pVTA. The current experiments examined the effects of peri-adolescent ethanol (EtOH) drinking on the ability of intra-pVTA nicotine to stimulate DA release during adulthood and alterations in α7 nAChR expression within the pVTA. Alcohol-preferring (P) female rats consumed EtOH and/or water during adolescence (post-natal day [PND] 30-60) or adulthood (PND 90-120). Thirty days following removal of EtOH, subjects received microinjections of 1 μM, 10 μM, or 50 μM nicotine into the pVTA concurrently with microdialysis for extracellular DA in the NAc shell. Brains were harvested from an additional cohort after PND 90 for quantification of α7 nAChR within the pVTA. The results indicated that only adolescent EtOH consumption produced a leftward and upward shift in the dose response curve for nicotine to stimulate DA release in the NAc shell. Investigation of α7 nAChR expression within the pVTA revealed a significant increase in animals that consumed EtOH during adolescence compared to naïve animals. The data suggests that peri-adolescent EtOH consumption produced cross-sensitization to the effects of nicotine during adulthood. The interaction between adolescent EtOH consumption and inflated adult risk for drug dependency could be predicated, at least in part, upon alterations in α7 nAChR expression within the mesolimbic reward pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Waeiss
- Program in Medical Neuroscience, Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.
| | - Christopher P Knight
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Gustavo B Carvajal
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Richard L Bell
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Eric A Engleman
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - William J McBride
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Sheketha R Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
| | - Zachary A Rodd
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States; Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States
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