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Kharouba HM. Shifting the paradigm: The role of introduced plants in the resiliency of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17319. [PMID: 38804095 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Current ecological communities are in a constant state of flux from climate change and from species introductions. Recent discussion has focused on the positive roles introduced species can play in ecological communities and on the importance of conserving resilient ecosystems, but not how these two ideas intersect. There has been insufficient work to define the attributes needed to support ecosystem resilience to climate change in modern communities. Here, I argue that non-invasive, introduced plant species could play an important role in supporting the resilience of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. Using examples from multiple taxonomic groups and ecosystems, I discuss how introduced plants can contribute to ecosystem resilience via their roles in plant and insect communities, as well as their associated ecosystem functions. I highlight the current and potential contributions of introduced plants and where there are critical knowledge gaps. Determining when and how introduced plants are contributing to the resilience of ecosystems to climate change will contribute to effective conservation strategies.
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2
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Brett MF, Strauss P, van Wyk K, Vaughan IP, Memmott J. Spillover effects from invasive Acacia alter the plant-pollinator networks and seed production of native plants. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232941. [PMID: 38593850 PMCID: PMC11003774 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive flowering plants can disrupt plant-pollinator networks. This is well documented where invasives occur amongst native plants; however, the potential for 'spillover' effects of invasives that form stands in adjacent habitats are less well understood. Here we quantify the impact of two invasive Australian species, Acacia saligna and Acacia longifolia, on the plant-pollinator networks in fynbos habitats in South Africa. We compared networks from replicate 1 ha plots of native vegetation (n = 21) that were subjected to three treatments: (1) at least 400 m from flowering Acacia; (2) adjacent to flowering Acacia, or (3) adjacent to flowering Acacia where all Acacia flowers were manually removed. We found that native flowers adjacent to stands of flowering Acacia received significantly more insect visits, especially from beetles and Apis mellifera capensis, and that visitation was more generalized. We also recorded visitation to, and the seed set of, three native flowering species and found that two received more insect visits, but produced fewer seeds, when adjacent to flowering Acacia. Our research shows that 'spillover' effects of invasive Acacia can lead to significant changes in visitation and seed production of native co-flowering species in neighbouring habitats-a factor to be considered when managing invaded landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisie F. Brett
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Paula Strauss
- Grootbos Foundation, Gansbaai 7220, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Kurt van Wyk
- Grootbos Foundation, Gansbaai 7220, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Ian P. Vaughan
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Jane Memmott
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
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3
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Li K, Veen GFC, Ten Hooven FC, Harvey JA, van der Putten WH. Soil legacy effects of plants and drought on aboveground insects in native and range-expanding plant communities. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:37-52. [PMID: 36414536 PMCID: PMC10098829 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Soils contain biotic and abiotic legacies of previous conditions that may influence plant community biomass and associated aboveground biodiversity. However, little is known about the relative strengths and interactions of the various belowground legacies on aboveground plant-insect interactions. We used an outdoor mesocosm experiment to investigate the belowground legacy effects of range-expanding versus native plants, extreme drought and their interactions on plants, aphids and pollinators. We show that plant biomass was influenced more strongly by the previous plant community than by the previous summer drought. Plant communities consisted of four congeneric pairs of natives and range expanders, and their responses were not unanimous. Legacy effects affected the abundance of aphids more strongly than pollinators. We conclude that legacies can be contained as soil 'memories' that influence aboveground plant community interactions in the next growing season. These soil-borne 'memories' can be altered by climate warming-induced plant range shifts and extreme drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli Li
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - G F Ciska Veen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Freddy C Ten Hooven
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey A Harvey
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Ecological Science, Section Animal Ecology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wim H van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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4
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Razanajatovo M, Rakoto Joseph F, Rajaonarivelo Andrianina P, van Kleunen M. Floral visitation to alien plants is non‐linearly related to their phylogenetic and floral similarity to native plants. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mialy Razanajatovo
- Ecology, Department of Biology University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology University of Hohenheim Ottilie‐Zeller‐Weg 2 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | | | | | - Mark van Kleunen
- Ecology, Department of Biology University of Konstanz Constance Germany
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Taizhou University Taizhou China
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Kovács-Hostyánszki A, Szigeti V, Miholcsa Z, Sándor D, Soltész Z, Török E, Fenesi A. Threats and benefits of invasive alien plant species on pollinators. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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6
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Bergamo PJ, Traveset A, Lázaro A. Pollinator-Mediated Indirect Effects on Plant Fecundity Revealed by Network Indices. Am Nat 2021; 198:734-749. [PMID: 34762564 DOI: 10.1086/716896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIndirect effects arise when one species influences how another species interacts with a third. Pollinator-mediated indirect effects are widespread in many plant communities and are often not restricted to plant species pairs. An analytical framework does not exist yet that allows for the evaluation of indirect effects through shared pollinators in a community context as well as their consequences for plant fitness. We used network indices describing pollinator sharing to assess the extent to which plant species affect and are affected by others in a pollination network from a species-rich dune community. For 23 plant species, we explore how these indices relate to plant fecundity (seeds/flower) over two years. We further linked plant traits and indices to uncover functional aspects of pollinator-mediated indirect interactions. Species frequently visited by shared pollinators showed higher fecundity and exhibited traits that increase pollinator attraction and generalization. Conversely, species whose shared pollinators frequently visited other plants had lower fecundity and more specialized traits. Thus, pollinator sharing benefited some species while others suffered reproductive disadvantages, consistent with competition. The framework developed here uses network tools to advance our understanding of how pollinator-mediated indirect interactions influence a species' relative reproductive success at the community level.
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Najberek K, Kosior A, Solarz W. Alien balsams, strawberries and their pollinators in a warmer world. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:500. [PMID: 34717554 PMCID: PMC8556960 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strawberries are a common crop whose yield success depends on the availability of pollinators. Invasive alien plants, such as Impatiens glandulifera and I. parviflora, are also attractive for bees and hoverflies, respectively, and occur in close proximity to strawberry cultivation areas. The aim of the study was to test whether alien plants may decrease pollination of strawberry cultivation. However, even if the pollinators are abundant, efficiency of their pollination may decrease as a result of revisits of flowers that were already probed. It is addressed by pollinators by scent marking. Moreover, such revisits can be determined by nectar replenishment, which may occur rapidly in nectar-rich flowers. We studied revisits to I. glandulifera by bumblebees and defined the factors that influence the probability of revisits (air temperature; pollinator species; family caste and size; flower area; sun radiation; and time of day). RESULTS We found that the two alien species decreased the number of pollinators visiting strawberries. Apoidea, Bombini and Syrphidae significantly decreased on Fragaria × ananassa when alien Impatiens were present. We also revealed the influence of increasing air temperature on bumblebee foraging, which was particularly significant for female workers. At very high temperatures (> 37°C), bumblebee males revisited probed flowers less often than female workers. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that in experimental conditions attractive alien species decrease pollination of strawberries, which may negatively affect production of this crop. Although the results have not been verified in real-life strawberry fields yet, we recommend that alien plant species that share the same pollinators and occur in close proximity of strawberries are controlled. Moreover, we found that revisits of probed flowers may weaken feeding efficiency of bumblebees. If revisits are not induced by nectar replenishment, then global warming may pose a serious threat to the survival of colonies, which may have consequences also for the plants that attract them, e.g., for strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Najberek
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kosior
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wojciech Solarz
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
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Abdallah M, Hervías-Parejo S, Traveset A. Low Pollinator Sharing Between Coexisting Native and Non-native Plant Pairs: The Effect of Corolla Length and Flower Abundance. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.709876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms by which non-native plants can attract pollinators in their new geographical zones is important because such species infiltrate native communities and can disrupt native ecological interactions. Despite the large number of studies assessing how invasive plants impact plant–pollinator interactions, the specific comparison of pollination interactions between native and non-native plant pairs has received much less attention. Here we focused on four coexisting co-flowering pairs of common native and non-native species, both with abundant flowers but different floral traits, and asked: (1) to what extent native and non-native plants share pollinator species, and whether the non-native plants attract a different set of pollinators, (2) whether the most shared pollinators are the most frequent floral visitors and the most generalized in their interactions, and (3) how much of the variation in the diversity and frequency of pollinator species between native and non-native plant species can be explained by floral trait dissimilarity and flower abundance. Direct pollinator observations revealed that the plant pairs shared a low fraction (0–33%) of insect species, i.e., non-native plants tended to acquire a different set of pollinators than their native counterparts. The most shared pollinators in each plant pair were the most common but not the most generalized species, and non-native species attracted both generalized and specialized pollinators. Corolla length at opening and flower abundance showed to be important in determining the differences in flower visitation rate between natives and non-natives. Our findings support the general pattern that non-native species have no barriers at the pollination stage to integrate into native communities and that they may attract a different assemblage of pollinators relative to those that visit native plants with which they coexist.
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Landsman AP, Schmit JP, Matthews ER. Invasive Plants Differentially Impact Forest Invertebrates, Providing Taxon-Specific Benefits by Enhancing Structural Complexity. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.682140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic plant species often negatively affect native herbivores due to the lack of palatability of the invading plant. Although often unsuitable as food, certain invasive species may provide non-nutritional ecological benefits through increased habitat structural complexity. To understand the potential for common invasive forest plant species of the eastern United States to benefit invertebrate communities, we examined the functional and taxonomic community composition of forest insects and spiders in long-term monitoring plots that contained invasive plant species. The extent of invasive plant species ground cover significantly altered spider community composition as categorized by hunting guild. Areas with higher invasive herbaceous and grass cover contained a higher abundance of space web-weaving and hunting spiders, respectively. Spider species richness and total invertebrate abundance also increased with greater invasive grass cover. Still, these trends were driven by just two invasive plant species, garlic mustard and Japanese stiltgrass, both of which have previously been shown to provide structural benefits to native invertebrate taxa. While these two species may improve the structural component of understory forest habitat, many invertebrate groups were not significantly correlated with other prevalent invasive plants and one species, mock strawberry, negatively affected the abundance of certain insect taxa. Particularly in forests with reduced native plant structure, invasive plant management must be conducted with consideration for holistic habitat quality, including both plant palatability and structure.
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Smith GX, Swartz MT, Spigler RB. Causes and consequences of variation in heterospecific pollen receipt in Oenothera fruticosa. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2021; 108:1612-1624. [PMID: 34460097 PMCID: PMC9291898 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Heterospecific pollen transfer, the transfer of pollen between species, is common among co-flowering plants, yet the amount of pollen received is extremely variable among species. Intraspecific variation in heterospecific pollen receipt can be even greater, but we lack an understanding of its causes and fitness consequences in wild populations. METHODS We examined potential drivers of variation in heterospecific pollen receipt in Oenothera fruticosa. We evaluated the relationship between heterospecific and conspecific pollen receipt and considered how visitation by different pollinator groups, local floral neighborhood composition, and flowering phenology affect the total amount and proportion of heterospecific pollen received. Finally, we tested whether variation in heterospecific pollen receipt translated into lower seed production. RESULTS Heterospecific pollen was ubiquitous on O. fruticosa stigmas, but the amount received was highly variable and unrelated to conspecific pollen receipt. Heterospecific pollen receipt depended on pollinator type, the proportion of nearby conspecific flowers, and flowering date. Significant interactions revealed that the effects of pollinator type and neighborhood were not independent, further contributing to variation in heterospecific pollen. Naturally occurring levels of heterospecific pollen were sufficient to negatively impact seed set, but large amounts of conspecific pollen counteracted this detrimental effect. CONCLUSIONS Although selection could act on floral traits that attract quality pollinators and promote synchronous flowering in O. fruticosa, the risk of heterospecific pollen is equally dependent on local floral context. This work highlights how extrinsic and intrinsic factors contribute to intraspecific variation in heterospecific pollen receipt in wild plants, with significant fitness consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard X. Smith
- Department of BiologyTemple University1900 N. 12 StreetPhiladelphiaPA19122USA
| | - Mark T. Swartz
- The Pennsylvania Department of Military and Veterans AffairsFort Indiantown Gap National Guard Training CenterAnnvillePA17003USA
| | - Rachel B. Spigler
- Department of BiologyTemple University1900 N. 12 StreetPhiladelphiaPA19122USA
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11
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Parra-Tabla V, Arceo-Gómez G. Impacts of plant invasions in native plant-pollinator networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2117-2128. [PMID: 33710642 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of mutualisms by invasive species has consequences for biodiversity loss and ecosystem function. Although invasive plant effects on the pollination of individual native species has been the subject of much study, their impacts on entire plant-pollinator communities are less understood. Community-level studies on plant invasion have mainly focused on two fronts: understanding the mechanisms that mediate their integration; and their effects on plant-pollinator network structure. Here we briefly review current knowledge and propose a more unified framework for evaluating invasive species integration and their effects on plant-pollinator communities. We further outline gaps in our understanding and propose ways to advance knowledge in this field. Specifically, modeling approaches have so far yielded important predictions regarding the outcome and drivers of invasive species effects on plant communities. However, experimental studies that test these predictions in the field are lacking. We further emphasize the need to understand the link between invasive plant effects on pollination network structure and their consequences for native plant population dynamics (population growth). Integrating demographic studies with those on pollination networks is thus key in order to achieve a more predictive understanding of pollinator-mediated effects of invasive species on the persistence of native plant biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Parra-Tabla
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, 97200, México
| | - Gerardo Arceo-Gómez
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
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12
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Unraveling the ecological and evolutionary impacts of a plant invader on the pollination of a native plant. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02457-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Cuadra-Valdés J, Vizentin-Bugoni J, Fontúrbel FE. An exotic magnet plant alters pollinator abundance and behavior: a field test with a native mistletoe. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02519-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Stewart PS, Hill RA, Stephens PA, Whittingham MJ, Dawson W. Impacts of invasive plants on animal behaviour. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:891-907. [PMID: 33524221 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The spread of invasive species is a threat to ecosystems worldwide. However, we know relatively little about how invasive species affect the behaviour of native animals, even though behaviour plays a vital role in the biotic interactions which are key to understanding the causes and impacts of biological invasions. Here, we explore how invasive plants - one of the most pervasive invasive taxa - impact the behaviour of native animals. To promote a mechanistic understanding of these behavioural impacts, we begin by introducing a mechanistic framework which explicitly considers the drivers and ecological consequences of behavioural change, as well as the moderating role of environmental context. We then synthesise the existing literature within this framework. We find that while some behavioural impacts of invasive plants are relatively well-covered in the literature, others are supported by only a handful of studies and should be explored further in the future. We conclude by identifying priority topics for future research, which will benefit from an interdisciplinary approach uniting invasion ecology with the study of animal behaviour and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Stewart
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Russell A Hill
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | | | - Mark J Whittingham
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Wayne Dawson
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
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15
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Simmons BI, Beckerman AP, Hansen K, Maruyama PK, Televantos C, Vizentin‐Bugoni J, Dalsgaard B. Niche and neutral processes leave distinct structural imprints on indirect interactions in mutualistic networks. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benno I. Simmons
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Penryn UK
| | - Andrew P. Beckerman
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Katrine Hansen
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate GLOBE Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Pietro K. Maruyama
- Centro de Síntese Ecológica e Conservação Departamento de Genética Ecologia e Evolução ICBUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais – MG Brazil
| | - Constantinos Televantos
- Molecular Immunity Unit Department of Medicine MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Jeferson Vizentin‐Bugoni
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL USA
| | - Bo Dalsgaard
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate GLOBE Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Ø Denmark
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16
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Facilitative pollinator sharing decreases with floral similarity in multiple systems. Oecologia 2020; 195:273-286. [PMID: 33040162 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the factors that determine whether interactions are competitive or facilitative is essential to understanding community structure and trait evolution. Co-flowering plants interact indirectly through shared pollinators, and meta-analyses suggest that phylogenetic relatedness and floral trait similarity may predict the outcome of these interactions. In a comparative approach, we manipulated the floral community across five focal species to assess how floral similarity and phylogenetic relatedness affect the outcome of interactions. To assess the extent of pollinator-mediated competition versus facilitation, we compared pollen limitation in five focal species growing with floral neighbors (either congeners or neighbors from a different family) relative to a control (growing alone). We measured floral morphology, color, and nectar traits to calculate multivariate floral similarity between species pairs and inferred a phylogeny to calculate phylogenetic distance. Pollinator-mediated interaction values were regressed against floral similarity and phylogenetic distance. We found evidence of pollinator-mediated facilitation in nine of 13 species pairs. Furthermore, floral similarity and phylogenetic distance reduced facilitative interactions, but the latter relationship was not significant when controlling for the identity of the focal species. Our results suggest that facilitative pollinator sharing is more common than reported in the literature, but co-flowering plant species with similar floral traits are less likely to facilitate pollination. A better understanding of the factors that promote facilitation versus competition has important potential applications for managing rare and invasive species.
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17
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Szigeti V, Fenesi A, Soltész Z, Berki B, Kovács-Hostyánszki A. Neutral effect of an invasive plant species with specialized flower structure on native pollinator communities. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Martignoni MM, Hart MM, Tyson RC, Garnier J. Diversity within mutualist guilds promotes coexistence and reduces the risk of invasion from an alien mutualist. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20192312. [PMID: 32208836 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity is an important component of healthy ecosystems, and thus understanding the mechanisms behind species coexistence is critical in ecology and conservation biology. In particular, few studies have focused on the dynamics resulting from the co-occurrence of mutualistic and competitive interactions within a group of species. Here we build a mathematical model to study the dynamics of a guild of competitors who are also engaged in mutualistic interactions with a common partner. We show that coexistence as well as competitive exclusion can occur depending on the competition strength and on strength of the mutualistic interactions, and we formulate concrete criteria for predicting invasion success of an alien mutualist based on propagule pressure, alien traits (such as its resource exchange ability) and composition of the recipient community. We find that intra guild diversity promotes the coexistence of species that would otherwise competitively exclude each other, and makes a guild less vulnerable to invasion. Our results can serve as a useful framework to predict the consequences of species manipulation in mutualistic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Martignoni
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Miranda M Hart
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Rebecca C Tyson
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Jimmy Garnier
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques (LAMA), CNRS and Université de Savoie-Mont Blanc, Chambery, France
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Underwood N, Hambäck PA, Inouye BD. Pollinators, Herbivores, and Plant Neighborhood Effects. THE QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1086/707863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Daniels JD, Arceo-Gómez G. Effects of invasive Cirsium arvense on pollination in a southern Appalachian floral community vary with spatial scale and floral symmetry. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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21
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Parra-Tabla V, Angulo-Pérez D, Albor C, Campos-Navarrete MJ, Tun-Garrido J, Sosenski P, Alonso C, Ashman TL, Arceo-Gómez G. The role of alien species on plant-floral visitor network structure in invaded communities. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218227. [PMID: 31703061 PMCID: PMC6839871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions between pairs of native and alien plants via shared use of pollinators have been widely studied. Community level studies however, are necessary in order to fully understand the factors and mechanisms that facilitate successful plant invasion, but these are still scarce. Specifically, few community level studies have considered how differences in invasion level (alien flower abundance), and degree of floral trait similarity between native and invasive species, mediate effects on native plant-pollinator communities. Here, we evaluated the role of alien species on overall plant-floral visitor network structure, and on species-level network parameters, across nine invaded coastal communities distributed along 205 km in Yucatán, México that vary in alien species richness and flower abundance. We further assessed the potential the role of alien plant species on plant-floral visitor network structure and robustness via computational simulation of native and invasive plant extinction scenarios. We did not find significant differences between native and alien species in their functional floral phenotypes or in their visitation rate and pollinator community composition in these invaded sites. Variation in the proportion of alien plant species and flower abundance across sites did not influence plant-pollinator network structure. Species-level network parameters (i.e., normalized degree and nestedness contribution) did not differ between native and alien species. Furthermore, our simulation analyses revealed that alien species are functionally equivalent to native species and contribute equally to network structure and robustness. Overall, our results suggest that high levels of floral trait similarity and pollinator use overlap may help facilitate the integration of alien species into native plant-pollinator networks. As a result, alien species may also play a similar role than that of natives in the structure and stability of native plant and pollinator communities in the studied coastal sand dune ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Parra-Tabla
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán,Mérida, Yucatán, México
- * E-mail:
| | - Diego Angulo-Pérez
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán,Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Cristopher Albor
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán,Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - María José Campos-Navarrete
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tizimín, Tecnológico Nacional de México,Tizimín, Yucatán, México
| | - Juan Tun-Garrido
- Departamento de Botánica, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Paula Sosenski
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán,Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Conchita Alonso
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Tia-Lynn Ashman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Gerardo Arceo-Gómez
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States of America
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Suárez-Mariño A, Arceo-Gómez G, Sosenski P, Parra-Tabla V. Patterns and effects of heterospecific pollen transfer between an invasive and two native plant species: the importance of pollen arrival time to the stigma. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2019; 106:1308-1315. [PMID: 31553505 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Invasive plant species can integrate into native plant-pollinator communities, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Competitive interactions between invasive and native plants via heterospecific pollen (HP) and differential invasive HP effects depending on HP arrival time to the stigma may mediate invasion success, but these have been little studied. METHODS We evaluated patterns and effects of HP receipt on pollen tube growth in two native and one invasive species in the field. We also used hand-pollination experiments to evaluate the effect of invasive HP pollen and its arrival time on native reproductive success. RESULTS Native species receive smaller and less-diverse HP loads (5-7 species) compared to invasive species (10 species). The load size of HP had a negative effect on the proportion of pollen tubes in both native species but not in the invasive, suggesting higher HP tolerance in the latter. Invasive HP arrival time differentially affected pollen tube success in native species. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the need to study reciprocal HP effects between invasive and native species and the factors that determine differential responses to HP receipt to fully understand the mechanisms facilitating invasive species integration into native plant-pollinator communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Suárez-Mariño
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas and Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xtmakuil, Mérida Yucatán, México, 97000
| | - Gerardo Arceo-Gómez
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, 37614, USA
| | - Paula Sosenski
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas and Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xtmakuil, Mérida Yucatán, México, 97000
| | - Víctor Parra-Tabla
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas and Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xtmakuil, Mérida Yucatán, México, 97000
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24
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Bee community preference for an invasive thistle associated with higher pollen protein content. Oecologia 2019; 190:901-912. [PMID: 31280369 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-native plant species reliant on insect pollination must attract novel pollinators in their introduced habitat to reproduce. Indeed, pollination services provided by resident floral visitors may contribute to the spread of non-native species, which may then affect the pollination services received by native plants. To determine the mechanisms by which an invasive thistle attracts pollinators in its introduced range, and whether its presence changes the pollinator visitation to native plant species, we compared bee visitation to native plants in the presence or absence of the invader. We experimentally tested the effect of a thistle invasion into a native plant community. We found that the non-native thistle was the most attractive of the plant species to visiting bee species. However, there was no effect of experimental treatment (presence of thistle) on bee abundance or visitation rate (bees per unit floral area per sample) to native plant species. Across 68 bee and 6 plant species, we found a significant correlation between pollen protein content and bee abundance and visitation rate. Thistle pollen also had a similar protein:lipid ratio to legumes, which correlated with bumble bee visitation. The high protein content of the thistle pollen, as compared to four native asters, may allow it to attract pollinators in novel ecosystems, and potentially contribute to its success as an invader. At the same time, this high protein pollen may act as a novel resource to pollinators in the thistle's invaded range.
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Buchholz S, Kowarik I. Urbanisation modulates plant-pollinator interactions in invasive vs. native plant species. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6375. [PMID: 31011154 PMCID: PMC6477046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollination is a key ecological process, and invasive alien plant species have been shown to significantly affect plant-pollinator interactions. Yet, the role of the environmental context in modulating such processes is understudied. As urbanisation is a major component of global change, being associated with a range of stressors (e.g. heat, pollution, habitat isolation), we tested whether the attractiveness of a common invasive alien plant (Robinia pseudoacacia, black locust) vs. a common native plant (Cytisus scoparius, common broom) for pollinators changes with increasing urbanisation. We exposed blossoms of both species along an urbanisation gradient and quantified different types of pollinator interaction with the flowers. Both species attracted a broad range of pollinators, with significantly more visits for R. pseudoacacia, but without significant differences in numbers of insects that immediately accessed the flowers. However, compared to native Cytisus, more pollinators only hovered in front of flowers of invasive Robinia without visiting those subsequently. The decision rate to enter flowers of the invasive species decreased with increasing urbanisation. This suggests that while invasive Robinia still attracts many pollinators in urban settings attractiveness may decrease with increasing urban stressors. Results indicated future directions to deconstruct the role of different stressors in modulating plant-pollinator interactions, and they have implications for urban development since Robinia can be still considered as a "pollinator-friendly" tree for certain urban settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Buchholz
- Department of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin, 12165, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ingo Kowarik
- Department of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin, 12165, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Johnson CA, Bronstein JL. Coexistence and competitive exclusion in mutualism. Ecology 2019; 100:e02708. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona P.O. Box 210088 Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
- Center for Adaptation to a Changing Environment Institute of Integrative Biology ETH Zürich Universitätstrasse 16 Zürich 8092 Switzerland
| | - Judith L. Bronstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Arizona P.O. Box 210088 Tucson Arizona 85721 USA
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Thomson JD, Fung HF, Ogilvie JE. Effects of spatial patterning of co-flowering plant species on pollination quantity and purity. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 123:303-310. [PMID: 29947735 PMCID: PMC6344345 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS If two plant species share pollinators, it has been proposed that the interaction between them may range from competitive to facilitative, depending on the way in which they intermingle. In particular, the presence of a rewarding plant species may increase the rate of pollinator visitation to a less rewarding species in its vicinity, but the beneficial increase in visitation may be counteracted by a detrimental increase in heterospecific pollen transfer. We assessed this trade-off using bumble-bees foraging over a gradual spatial transition between two plant species in an indoor cage experiment. METHODS We used two 'species' of artificial flowers - one more rewarding than the other - in arrays that varied in the degree of species intermingling. The flowers dispensed and received powdered food dyes serving as pollen analogues. Captive bumble-bees visited to collect sucrose solution. We quantified dye delivery to the adhesive-tape 'stigmas' in flowers by spectrophotometry. KEY RESULTS Across the spatial transition between species, the less attractive species received more dye (more bee visits) when in proximity to the more attractive species than it did when alone, but the larger dye loads were less pure (more heterospecific pollen transfer). The decline in purity cancelled out the gain in acquisition, so conspecific pollen receipt by the less attractive species was neutrally affected. The more attractive species received fewer visits when surrounded by the less attractive species, so the interaction between the two species was amensalism when considering conspecific pollen reception. CONCLUSIONS Pollinator-mediated interactions between plant species depend on pollination quantity and purity, both of which can depend on spatial intermingling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Thomson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA
- For correspondence. E-mail:
| | - Hannah F Fung
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane E Ogilvie
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA
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Johnson AL, Ashman TL. Consequences of invasion for pollen transfer and pollination revealed in a tropical island ecosystem. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:142-154. [PMID: 30084201 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pollination is known to be sensitive to environmental change but we lack direct estimates of how quantity and quality of pollen transferred between plant species shifts along disturbance gradients. This limits our understanding of how species compositional change impacts pollen receipt per species and structure of pollen transfer networks. We constructed pollen transfer networks along a plant invasion gradient in the Hawaiian dry tropical forest ecosystem. Flowers and stigmas were collected from both native and introduced plants, pollen was identified and enumerated and floral traits were measured. We also characterized pollen loads carried by individuals of the dominant invasive pollinator, Apis mellifera. Species flowering in native-dominated sites were more tightly connected by pollen transfer than those in heavily invaded sites. Compositional turnover in the pollen loads of A. mellifera was correlated (70%) with turnover in the composition of pollen transfer networks. Floral traits predicted species roles within pollen transfer networks, but many of these differed qualitatively depending on whether plants were native or introduced. Our work indicates that pollen transfer networks change with invasion. Floral morphology and foraging behaviour of the introduced super-generalist pollinator are implicated as key in determining the roles introduced species play within native pollen transfer networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Tia-Lynn Ashman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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29
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Caruso CM, Eisen KE, Martin RA, Sletvold N. A meta-analysis of the agents of selection on floral traits. Evolution 2018; 73:4-14. [PMID: 30411337 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Floral traits are hypothesized to evolve primarily in response to selection by pollinators. However, selection can also be mediated by other environmental factors. To understand the relative importance of pollinator-mediated selection and its variation among trait and pollinator types, we analyzed directional selection gradients on floral traits from experiments that manipulated the environment to identify agents of selection. Pollinator-mediated selection was stronger than selection by other biotic factors (e.g., herbivores), but similar in strength to selection by abiotic factors (e.g., soil water), providing partial support for the hypothesis that floral traits evolve primarily in response to pollinators. Pollinator-mediated selection was stronger on pollination efficiency traits than on other trait types, as expected if efficiency traits affect fitness via interactions with pollinators, but other trait types also affect fitness via other environmental factors. In addition to varying among trait types, pollinator-mediated selection varied among pollinator taxa: selection was stronger when bees, long-tongued flies, or birds were the primary visitors than when the primary visitors were Lepidoptera or multiple animal taxa. Finally, reducing pollinator access to flowers had a relatively small effect on selection on floral traits, suggesting that anthropogenic declines in pollinator populations would initially have modest effects on floral evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Caruso
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Katherine E Eisen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.,Current Address: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 14853
| | - Ryan A Martin
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
| | - Nina Sletvold
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 05, Sweden
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30
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Carril OM, Griswold T, Haefner J, Wilson JS. Wild bees of Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: richness, abundance, and spatio-temporal beta-diversity. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5867. [PMID: 30425889 PMCID: PMC6230437 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in bees has grown dramatically in recent years in light of several studies that have reported widespread declines in bees and other pollinators. Investigating declines in wild bees can be difficult, however, due to the lack of faunal surveys that provide baseline data of bee richness and diversity. Protected lands such as national monuments and national parks can provide unique opportunities to learn about and monitor bee populations dynamics in a natural setting because the opportunity for large-scale changes to the landscape are reduced compared to unprotected lands. Here we report on a 4-year study of bees in Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (GSENM), found in southern Utah, USA. Using opportunistic collecting and a series of standardized plots, we collected bees throughout the six-month flowering season for four consecutive years. In total, 660 bee species are now known from the area, across 55 genera, and including 49 new species. Two genera not previously known to occur in the state of Utah were discovered, as well as 16 new species records for the state. Bees include ground-nesters, cavity- and twig-nesters, cleptoparasites, narrow specialists, generalists, solitary, and social species. The bee fauna reached peak diversity each spring, but also experienced a second peak in diversity in late summer, following monsoonal rains. The majority of GSENM’s bees are highly localized, occurring in only a few locations throughout the monument, and often in low abundance, but consistently across the four years. Only a few species are widespread and super-abundant. Certain flowering plants appear to be inordinately attractive to the bees in GSENM, including several invasive species. GSENM protects one of the richest bee faunas in the west; the large elevational gradient, incredible number of flowering plants, and the mosaic of habitats are all likely contributors to this rich assemblage of bees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terry Griswold
- USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan, UT, United States of America
| | - James Haefner
- Biology Department, Emeritus Professor, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States of America
| | - Joseph S Wilson
- Department of Biology, Utah State University - Tooele, Tooele, UT, United States of America
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31
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Boltovskoy D, Sylvester F, Paolucci EM. Invasive species denialism: Sorting out facts, beliefs, and definitions. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:11190-11198. [PMID: 30519436 PMCID: PMC6262740 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, thousands of investigations confirmed the detrimental effects of species translocated by man outside of their native ranges (nonindigenous species, or NIS). However, results concluding that many NIS have null, neutral, or positive impacts on the biota and on human interests are as common in the scientific literature as those that point at baneful impacts. Recently, several scholars confronted the stand that origin per se is not a reliable indicator of negative effects, suggesting that such conclusions are the expression of scientific denialism, often led by spurious purposes, and that their numbers are increasing. When assessed in the context of the growing interest in introduced species, the proportion of academic publications claiming that NIS pose no threats to the environment and to social and economic interests is extremely low, and has not increased since 1990. The widely prevailing notion that many NIS are effectively or potentially harmful does not conflict with the fact that most have mixed (negative, neutral, and positive) impacts. When based on solid grounds, reports of positive or neutral impacts should not be labeled as manipulative or misleading unless proven otherwise, even if they may hamper interest in- and funding of research and control bioinvasion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrio Boltovskoy
- IEGEBA (CONICET‐UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Francisco Sylvester
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina
- Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados (IEBI), Facultad de Ciencias NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de SaltaSaltaArgentina
| | - Esteban M. Paolucci
- IEGEBA (CONICET‐UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos AiresArgentina
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” (CONICET‐MACN)Buenos AiresArgentina
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Knight TM, Ashman T, Bennett J, Burns JH, Passonneau S, Steets JA. Reflections on, and visions for, the changing field of pollination ecology. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1282-1295. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Knight
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Am Kirchtor 1 06108 Halle Germany
- Department Community Ecology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Theodor‐Lieser‐Straße 4 06120 Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - T.‐L. Ashman
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA15260 USA
| | - J. M. Bennett
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Am Kirchtor 1 06108 Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - J. H. Burns
- Department of Biology Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH44106‐7080 USA
| | - S. Passonneau
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Am Kirchtor 1 06108 Halle Germany
- Department Community Ecology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Theodor‐Lieser‐Straße 4 06120 Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - J. A. Steets
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK74078 USA
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Zheng YL, Burns JH, Liao ZY, Li YP, Yang J, Chen YJ, Zhang JL, Zheng YG. Species composition, functional and phylogenetic distances correlate with success of invasive Chromolaena odorata in an experimental test. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1211-1220. [PMID: 29808558 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biotic resistance may influence invasion success; however, the relative roles of species richness, functional or phylogenetic distance in predicting invasion success are not fully understood. We used biomass fraction of Chromolaena odorata, an invasive species in tropical and subtropical areas, as a measure of 'invasion success' in a series of artificial communities varying in species richness. Communities were constructed using species from Mexico (native range) or China (non-native range). We found strong evidence of biotic resistance: species richness and community biomass were negatively related with invasion success; invader biomass was greater in plant communities from China than from Mexico. Harvesting time had a greater effect on invasion success in plant communities from China than on those from Mexico. Functional and phylogenetic distances both correlated with invasion success and more functionally distant communities were more easily invaded. The effects of plant-soil fungi and plant allelochemical interactions on invasion success were species-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Jean H Burns
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Zhi-Yong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Yang-Ping Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | | | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Environmental Pollution Control-Remediation Technology, Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, 32 Hunan Road, Xing Yi, Guizhou, 562400, China
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