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Frusciante MR, Signori MF, Parmeggiani B, Grings M, Pramio J, Cecatto C, de Andrade Silveira J, Aubin MR, Santos LA, Paz AH, Wajner M, Leipnitz G. Disruption of Bioenergetics in the Intestine of Wistar Rats Caused by Hydrogen Sulfide and Thiosulfate: A Potential Mechanism of Chronic Hemorrhagic Diarrhea in Ethylmalonic Encephalopathy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:683-695. [PMID: 37589888 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethylmalonic encephalopathy (EE) is a severe inherited metabolic disorder that causes tissue accumulation of hydrogen sulfide (sulfide) and thiosulfate in patients. Although symptoms are predominantly neurological, chronic hemorrhagic diarrhea associated with intestinal mucosa abnormalities is also commonly observed. Considering that the pathophysiology of intestinal alterations in EE is virtually unknown and that sulfide and thiosulfate are highly reactive molecules, the effects of these metabolites were investigated on bioenergetic production and transfer in the intestine of rats. We observed that sulfide reduced NADH- and FADH2-linked mitochondrial respiration in the intestine, which was avoided by reduced glutathione (GSH) but not by melatonin. Thiosulfate did not change respiration. Moreover, both metabolites markedly reduced the activity of total, cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms of creatine kinase (CK) in rat intestine. Noteworthy, the addition of GSH but not melatonin, apocynin, and Trolox (hydrosoluble vitamin E) prevented the change in the activities of total CK and its isoforms caused by sulfide and thiosulfate, suggesting a direct protein modification on CK structure by these metabolites. Sulfide further increased thiol content in the intestine, suggesting a modulation in the redox state of these groups. Finally, sulfide and thiosulfate decreased the viability of Caco-2 intestinal cells. Our data suggest that bioenergetic impairment caused by sulfide and thiosulfate is a mechanism involved in the gastrointestinal abnormalities found in EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rocha Frusciante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Marian Flores Signori
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Belisa Parmeggiani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Julia Pramio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cecatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Josyane de Andrade Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rauback Aubin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 500 Sarmento Leite Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-190, Brazil
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Aguiar Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 500 Sarmento Leite Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-190, Brazil
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Paz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 500 Sarmento Leite Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-190, Brazil
- Laboratório de Células, Tecidos e Genes - Centro de Pesquisa Experimental, HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, 2350 Ramiro Barcelos Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 500 Sarmento Leite Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-190, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2600 Ramiro Barcelos Street-Attached, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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2
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Lefort B, Gélinas R, Forest A, Bouchard B, Daneault C, Robillard Frayne I, Roy J, Oger C, Greffard K, Galano JM, Durand T, Labarthe F, Bilodeau JF, Ruiz M, Des Rosiers C. Remodeling of lipid landscape in high fat fed very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase null mice favors pro-arrhythmic polyunsaturated fatty acids and their downstream metabolites. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166843. [PMID: 37558007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) catalyzes the initial step of mitochondrial long chain (LC) fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). Inherited VLCAD deficiency (VLCADD) predisposes to neonatal arrhythmias whose pathophysiology is still not understood. We hypothesized that VLCADD results in global disruption of cardiac complex lipid homeostasis, which may set conditions predisposing to arrhythmia. To test this, we assessed the cardiac lipidome and related molecular markers in seven-month-old VLCAD-/- mice, which mimic to some extent the human cardiac phenotype. Mice were sacrificed in the fed or fasted state after receiving for two weeks a chow or a high-fat diet (HFD), the latter condition being known to worsen symptoms in human VLCADD. Compared to their littermate counterparts, HFD/fasted VLCAD-/- mouse hearts displayed the following lipid alterations: (1) Lower LC, but higher VLC-acylcarnitines accumulation, (2) higher levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents in glycerophospholipids (GPLs), as well as (3) corresponding changes in pro-arrhythmogenic AA-derived isoprostanes and thromboxane B2 (higher), and anti-arrythmogenic DHA-derived neuroprostanes (lower). These changes were associated with remodeling in the expression of gene or protein markers of (1) GPLs remodeling: higher calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 and lysophosphatidylcholine-acyltransferase 2, (2) calcium handling perturbations, and (3) endoplasmic reticulum stress. Altogether, these results highlight global lipid dyshomeostasis beyond FAO in VLCAD-/- mouse hearts, which may set conditions predisposing the hearts to calcium mishandling and endoplasmic reticulum stress and thereby may contribute to the pathogenesis of arrhythmias in VLCADD in mice as well as in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lefort
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Institut des Cardiopathies Congénitales de Tours et FHU Precicare, CHU Tours, Tours, France; INSERM UMR 1069 et Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Roselle Gélinas
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Present address: CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anik Forest
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Jérôme Roy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Greffard
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
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Zemniaçak ÂB, Roginski AC, Ribeiro RT, Bender JG, Marschner RA, Wajner SM, Wajner M, Amaral AU. Disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics and calcium homeostasis by phytanic acid in the heart: Potential relevance for the cardiomyopathy in Refsum disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148961. [PMID: 36812958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Refsum disease is an inherited peroxisomal disorder caused by severe deficiency of phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase activity. Affected patients develop severe cardiomyopathy of poorly known pathogenesis that may lead to a fatal outcome. Since phytanic acid (Phyt) concentrations are highly increased in tissues of individuals with this disease, it is conceivable that this branched-chain fatty acid is cardiotoxic. The present study investigated whether Phyt (10-30 μM) could disturb important mitochondrial functions in rat heart mitochondria. We also determined the influence of Phyt (50-100 μM) on cell viability (MTT reduction) in cardiac cells (H9C2). Phyt markedly increased mitochondrial state 4 (resting) and decreased state 3 (ADP-stimulated) and uncoupled (CCCP-stimulated) respirations, besides reducing the respiratory control ratio, ATP synthesis and the activities of the respiratory chain complexes I-III, II, and II-III. This fatty acid also reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and induced swelling in mitochondria supplemented by exogenous Ca2+, which were prevented by cyclosporin A alone or combined with ADP, suggesting the involvement of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore opening. Mitochondrial NAD(P)H content and Ca2+ retention capacity were also decreased by Phyt in the presence of Ca2+. Finally, Phyt significantly reduced cellular viability (MTT reduction) in cultured cardiomyocytes. The present data indicate that Phyt, at concentrations found in the plasma of patients with Refsum disease, disrupts by multiple mechanisms mitochondrial bioenergetics and Ca2+ homeostasis, which could presumably be involved in the cardiomyopathy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Beatriz Zemniaçak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Roginski
- Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Gabrieli Bender
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Aguiar Marschner
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Magagnin Wajner
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil.
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4
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Lund M, Heaton R, Hargreaves IP, Gregersen N, Olsen RKJ. Odd- and even-numbered medium-chained fatty acids protect against glutathione depletion in very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159248. [PMID: 36356723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent trials have reported the ability of triheptanoin to improve clinical outcomes for the severe symptoms associated with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders, including very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency. However, the milder myopathic symptoms are still challenging to treat satisfactorily. Myopathic pathogenesis is multifactorial, but oxidative stress is an important component. We have previously shown that metabolic stress increases the oxidative burden in VLCAD-deficient cell lines and can deplete the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). We investigated whether medium-chain fatty acids provide protection against GSH depletion during metabolic stress in VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts. To investigate the effect of differences in anaplerotic capacity, we included both even-(octanoate) and odd-numbered (heptanoate) medium-chain fatty acids. Overall, we show that modulation of the concentration of medium-chain fatty acids in culture media affects levels of GSH retained during metabolic stress in VLCAD-deficient cell lines but not in controls. Lowered glutamine concentration in the culture media during metabolic stress led to GSH depletion and decreased viability in VLCAD deficient cells, which could be rescued by both heptanoate and octanoate in a dose-dependent manner. Unlike GSH levels, the levels of total thiols increased after metabolic stress exposure, the size of this increase was not affected by differences in cell culture medium concentrations of glutamine, heptanoate or octanoate. Addition of a PPAR agonist further exacerbated stress-related GSH-depletion and viability loss, requiring higher concentrations of fatty acids to restore GSH levels and cell viability. Both odd- and even-numbered medium-chain fatty acids efficiently protect VLCADdeficient cells against metabolic stress-induced antioxidant depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lund
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juel-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Robert Heaton
- School of Pharmacy, Liverpool John Moore University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Iain P Hargreaves
- School of Pharmacy, Liverpool John Moore University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Niels Gregersen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juel-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rikke K J Olsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juel-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
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Zhao XJ, Mohsen AW, Mihalik S, Solo K, Aliu E, Shi H, Basu S, Kochersperger C, Van't Land C, Karunanidhi A, Coughlan KA, Siddiqui S, Rice LM, Hillier S, Guadagnin E, Giangrande PH, Martini PGV, Vockley J. Synthetic mRNA rescues very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency in patient fibroblasts and a murine model. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 138:106982. [PMID: 36580829 PMCID: PMC9877169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.106982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is an inborn error of long chain fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) with limited treatment options. Patients present with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes affecting predominantly heart, liver, and skeletal muscle. While VLCAD deficiency is a systemic disease, restoration of liver FAO has the potential to improve symptoms more broadly due to increased total body ATP production and reduced accumulation of potentially toxic metabolites. We explored the use of synthetic human VLCAD (hVLCAD) mRNA and lipid nanoparticle encapsulated hVLCAD mRNA (LNP-VLCAD) to generate functional VLCAD enzyme in patient fibroblasts derived from VLCAD deficient patients, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, hepatocytes isolated from VLCAD knockout (Acadvl-/-) mice, and Acadvl-/- mice to reverse the metabolic effects of the deficiency. Transfection of all cell types with hVLCAD mRNA resulted in high level expression of protein that localized to mitochondria with increased enzyme activity. Intravenous administration of LNP-VLCAD to Acadvl-/- mice produced a significant amount of VLCAD protein in liver, which declined over a week. Treated Acadvl-/- mice showed reduced hepatic steatosis, were more resistant to cold stress, and accumulated less toxic metabolites in blood than untreated animals. Results from this study support the potential for hVLCAD mRNA for treatment of VLCAD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jun Zhao
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ai-Walid Mohsen
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie Mihalik
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Keaton Solo
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ermal Aliu
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Huifang Shi
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shakuntala Basu
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Kochersperger
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Clinton Van't Land
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anuradha Karunanidhi
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly A Coughlan
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Summar Siddiqui
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lisa M Rice
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shawn Hillier
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eleonora Guadagnin
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paloma H Giangrande
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paolo G V Martini
- Moderna Therapeutics, Inc., Rare Diseases, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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6
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Rujimongkon K, Ampawong S, Isarangkul D, Reamtong O, Aramwit P. Sericin-mediated improvement of dysmorphic cardiac mitochondria from hypercholesterolaemia is associated with maintaining mitochondrial dynamics, energy production, and mitochondrial structure. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:708-721. [PMID: 35348427 PMCID: PMC8967205 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2055088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sericin is a component protein in the silkworm cocoon [Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Bombycidae)] that improves dysmorphic cardiac mitochondria under hypercholesterolemic conditions. This is the first study to explore cardiac mitochondrial proteins associated with sericin treatment. OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of action of sericin in cardiac mitochondria under hypercholesterolaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypercholesterolaemia was induced in Wistar rats by feeding them 6% cholesterol-containing chow for 6 weeks. The hypercholesterolemic rats were separated into 2 groups (n = 6 for each): the sericin-treated (1,000 mg/kg daily) and nontreated groups. The treatment conditions were maintained for 4 weeks prior to cardiac mitochondria isolation. The mitochondrial structure was evaluated by immunolabeling electron microscopy, and differential mitochondrial protein expression was determined and quantitated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. RESULTS A 32.22 ± 2.9% increase in the percent striated area of cardiac muscle was observed in sericin-treated hypercholesterolemic rats compared to the nontreatment group (4.18 ± 1.11%). Alterations in mitochondrial proteins, including upregulation of optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) and reduction of NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit (NDUFS1) expression, are correlated with a reduction in mitochondrial apoptosis under sericin treatment. Differential proteomic observation also revealed that sericin may improve mitochondrial energy production by upregulating acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1α subcomplex subunit 10 (NDUFA10) expression. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Sericin treatment could improve the dysmorphic mitochondrial structure, metabolism, and energy production of cardiac mitochondria under hypercholesterolaemia. These results suggest that sericin may be an alternative treatment molecule that is related to cardiac mitochondrial abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitiya Rujimongkon
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Proteomics Research Team, National Omics Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangnate Isarangkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetic, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, and
| | - Pornanong Aramwit
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence in Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
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7
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Guerra IMS, Ferreira HB, Melo T, Rocha H, Moreira S, Diogo L, Domingues MR, Moreira ASP. Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation Disorders: From Disease to Lipidomic Studies-A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213933. [PMID: 36430419 PMCID: PMC9696092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid oxidation disorders (FAODs) are inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) caused by defects in the fatty acid (FA) mitochondrial β-oxidation. The most common FAODs are characterized by the accumulation of medium-chain FAs and long-chain (3-hydroxy) FAs (and their carnitine derivatives), respectively. These deregulations are associated with lipotoxicity which affects several organs and potentially leads to life-threatening complications and comorbidities. Changes in the lipidome have been associated with several diseases, including some IEMs. In FAODs, the alteration of acylcarnitines (CARs) and FA profiles have been reported in patients and animal models, but changes in polar and neutral lipid profile are still scarcely studied. In this review, we present the main findings on FA and CAR profile changes associated with FAOD pathogenesis, their correlation with oxidative damage, and the consequent disturbance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Moreover, alterations in polar and neutral lipid classes and lipid species identified so far and their possible role in FAODs are discussed. We highlight the need of mass-spectrometry-based lipidomic studies to understand (epi)lipidome remodelling in FAODs, thus allowing to elucidate the pathophysiology and the identification of possible biomarkers for disease prognosis and an evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. S. Guerra
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena B. Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rocha
- Newborn Screening, Metabolism and Genetics Unit, Human Genetics Department, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, 4000-053 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sónia Moreira
- Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa Diogo
- Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies—CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana S. P. Moreira
- Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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8
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Defects in Very Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Presenting as Different Types of Cardiomyopathy. Case Rep Cardiol 2022; 2022:5529355. [PMID: 35531352 PMCID: PMC9072015 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5529355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac involvement may accompany various inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) including fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disorders, presenting as rhythm disturbances, conduction abnormalities, cardiomyopathies, pericardial effusion, and sudden cardiac death. FAO disorders are rare mitochondrial diseases with variable organ involvements and clinical presentations. Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD) is a FAO disorder with diverse clinical presentations. We report two VLCADD patients with cardiac involvement and diverse presentations. The first patient represents with cardiogenic shock and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) at childhood. The second patient represents with suspicious sepsis at early infancy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) at further evaluation. IEM should be thought of in every individual case with suspicious sepsis or cardiac failure regardless of age or previous history.
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9
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Li CY, Ma W, Liu KP, Yang JW, Wang XB, Wu Z, Zhang T, Wang JW, Liu W, Liu J, Liang Y, Zhang XK, Li JJ, Guo JH, Li LY. CircRNA and miRNA expression profiles during remote ischemic postconditioning attenuate brain ischemia/reperfusion injury. Brain Res Bull 2022; 185:39-48. [PMID: 35452749 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) is a protective procedure for brain damage caused by ischemia/reperfusion (IR), yet the mechanism of this treatment remains to be elucidated. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that have recently been recognized to play vital roles in ischemic brain injury. The aim of this study was to explore the role of circRNAs in the protective mechanism of RIPostC and to analyze the circRNA-microRNA (miRNA) regulation network in RIPostC. Nine rats were assigned randomly into three groups (three rats per group): sham, IR, and RIPostC. Their brain tissues were extracted for next-generation RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis was performed for two comparisons: sham vs. IR and IR vs. RIPostC. The expression patterns of selected circRNAs and miRNAs were validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). We detected 82 upregulated and 51 downregulated circRNAs and 137 upregulated and 127 downregulated miRNAs in the IR group compared with the sham group, and 41 upregulated and 100 downregulated circRNAs and 45 upregulated and 64 downregulated miRNAs in the RIPostC group compared with the IR group. The proposed competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, which included 24 circRNAs, 20 miRNAs, and 145 mRNAs, indicated that the dysregulated circRNAs played important roles in brain IR injury. On the basis of the expression patterns of selected circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs obtained by qPCR, we proposed a circRNA_0002286-miR-124-3p-VLCAD pathway. In PC12 cell, the expression level of miR-124-3p was significantly upregulated when the expression of circRNA_0002286 was repressed and the expression level of VLCAD (very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase) was significantly downregulated, which suggested that circRNA_0002286 may act as a miRNA sponge for miR-124-3p to regulate the expression of VLCAD. We found that upregulation of circRNA_0002286 attenuated IR injury and was associated with downregulation of miR-124-3p and upregulation of VLCAD. This is the first time that circRNAs have been shown to be closely related to brain IR injury and RIPostC and suggests that targeting the circRNA_0002286-miR-124-3p-VLCAD pathway might attenuate brain IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China; Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650101, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Kuang-Pin Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jin-Wei Yang
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Kunming 650032, China
| | - Xian-Bin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Kunming 650032, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Kunming 650032, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Kunming 650032, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xing-Kui Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jun-Jun Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jian-Hui Guo
- Second Department of General Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Li-Yan Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Kunming 650500, China.
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10
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Stenlid R, Olsson D, Cen J, Manell H, Haglind C, Chowdhury AI, Bergsten P, Nordenström A, Halldin M. Altered mitochondrial metabolism in peripheral blood cells from patients with inborn errors of β-oxidation. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 15:182-194. [PMID: 34437764 PMCID: PMC8742636 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO), such as medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCAD) affects cellular function and whole-body metabolism. Carnitine uptake deficiency (CUD) disturbs the transportation of fatty acids into the mitochondria, but when treated is a mild disease without significant effects on FAO. For improved clinical care of VLCAD in particular, estimation of FAO severity could be important. We have investigated whether the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from patients with MCAD, VLCAD, and CUD can be used to study cellular metabolism in patients with FAO defects and to determine the severity of FAO impairment. PBMCs were isolated from patients with VLCAD (n = 9), MCAD (n = 5-7), and CUD (n = 5). OCR was measured within 6-hours of venous puncture using the Seahorse XFe96. The PBMCs were exposed to glucose alone or with caprylic acid (C8:0) or palmitic acid (C16:0). OCR was significantly lower in cells from patients with β-oxidation deficiencies (MCAD and VLCAD) compared to CUD at basal conditions. When exposed to C16:0, OCR in VLCAD cells was unchanged, whereas OCR in MCAD cells increased but not to the levels observed in CUD. However, C8:0 did not increase OCR, as would be expected, in VLCAD cells. There was no clear relationship between clinical severity level and OCR. In patients with β-oxidation deficiencies, changes of mitochondrial respiration in PBMCs are detectable, which indicate that PBMCs have translational potential for studies of β-oxidation defects. However, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Stenlid
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David Olsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Astrid Lindgren Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jing Cen
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hannes Manell
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Haglind
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Bergsten
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Nordenström
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Astrid Lindgren Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maria Halldin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders, Astrid Lindgren Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
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11
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Metabolic Outcomes of Anaplerotic Dodecanedioic Acid Supplementation in Very Long Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (VLCAD) Deficient Fibroblasts. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080538. [PMID: 34436479 PMCID: PMC8412092 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD, OMIM 609575) is associated with energy deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction and may lead to rhabdomyolysis and cardiomyopathy. Under physiological conditions, there is a fine balance between the utilization of different carbon nutrients to maintain the Krebs cycle. The maintenance of steady pools of Krebs cycle intermediates is critical formitochondrial energy homeostasis especially in high-energy demanding organs such as muscle and heart. Even-chain dicarboxylic acids are established as alternative energy carbon sources that replenish the Krebs cycle by bypassing a defective β-oxidation pathway. Despite this, even-chain dicarboxylic acids are eliminated in the urine of VLCAD-affected individuals. In this study, we explore dodecanedioic acid (C12; DODA) supplementation and investigate its metabolic effect on Krebs cycle intermediates, glucose uptake, and acylcarnitine profiles in VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts. Our findings indicate that DODA supplementation replenishes the Krebs cycle by increasing the succinate pool, attenuates glycolytic flux, and reduces levels of toxic very long-chain acylcarnitines.
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12
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Menezes-Rodrigues FS, Errante PR, Araújo EA, Fernandes MPP, Silva MMD, Pires-Oliveira M, Scorza CA, Scorza FA, Taha MO, Caricati-Neto A. Cardioprotection stimulated by resveratrol and grape products prevents lethal cardiac arrhythmias in an animal model of ischemia and reperfusion. Acta Cir Bras 2021; 36:e360306. [PMID: 33978062 PMCID: PMC8112107 DOI: 10.1590/acb360306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the preventive cardioprotective effects of resveratrol and grape products, such as grape juice and red wine, in animal model of cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS Male Wistar rats orally pretreated for 21-days with resveratrol and grape products were anesthetized and placed on mechanical ventilation to surgically induce cardiac ischemia and reperfusion by obstruction (ischemia) followed by liberation (reperfusion) of blood circulation in left descending coronary artery. These rats were submitted to the electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis to evaluate the effects of pretreatment with resveratrol and grape products on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (VA), atrioventricular block (AVB) and lethality (LET) resulting from cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. RESULTS It was observed that the incidence of AVB was significantly lower in rats pretreated with resveratrol (25%), grape juice (37.5%) or red wine (12.5%) than in rats treated with saline solution (80%) or ethanol (80%). Similarly, incidence of LET was also significantly lower in rats pretreated with resveratrol (25%), grape juice (25%) or red wine (0%) than in rats treated with saline solution (62.5%) or ethanol (75%). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the cardioprotective response stimulated by resveratrol and grape products prevents the lethal cardiac arrhythmias in animal model of ischemia and reperfusion, supporting the idea that this treatment can be beneficial for prevention of severe cardiac arrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart disease.
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13
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Amaral AU, Wajner M. Recent Advances in the Pathophysiology of Fatty Acid Oxidation Defects: Secondary Alterations of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis Caused by the Accumulating Fatty Acids. Front Genet 2020; 11:598976. [PMID: 33329744 PMCID: PMC7729159 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.598976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiencies of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial trifunctional protein, isolated long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities are considered the most frequent fatty acid oxidation defects (FAOD). They are biochemically characterized by the accumulation of medium-chain, long-chain hydroxyl, and long-chain fatty acids and derivatives, respectively, in tissues and biological fluids of the affected patients. Clinical manifestations commonly include hypoglycemia, cardiomyopathy, and recurrent rhabdomyolysis. Although the pathogenesis of these diseases is still poorly understood, energy deprivation secondary to blockage of fatty acid degradation seems to play an important role. However, recent evidence indicates that the predominant fatty acids accumulating in these disorders disrupt mitochondrial functions and are involved in their pathophysiology, possibly explaining the lactic acidosis, mitochondrial morphological alterations, and altered mitochondrial biochemical parameters found in tissues and cultured fibroblasts from some affected patients and also in animal models of these diseases. In this review, we will update the present knowledge on disturbances of mitochondrial bioenergetics, calcium homeostasis, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial permeability transition induction provoked by the major fatty acids accumulating in prevalent FAOD. It is emphasized that further in vivo studies carried out in tissues from affected patients and from animal genetic models of these disorders are necessary to confirm the present evidence mostly achieved from in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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14
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Chen T, Tong F, Wu XY, Zhu L, Yi QZ, Zheng J, Yang RL, Zhao ZY, Cang XH, Shu Q, Jiang PP. Novel ACADVL variants resulting in mitochondrial defects in long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:885-896. [PMID: 33150772 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is highly heterogeneous and still unclear. Additional novel variants have been recently detected in the population. The molecular and cellular effects of these previously unreported variants are still poorly understood and require further characterization. To address this problem, we have evaluated the various functions and biochemical consequences of six novel missense variants that lead to mild VLCAD deficiency. Marked deficiencies in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and other mitochondrial defects were observed in cells carrying one of these six variants (c.541C>T, c.863T>G, c.895A>G, c.1238T>C, c.1276G>A, and c.1505T>A), including reductions in mitochondrial respiratory-chain function and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Intriguingly, higher apoptosis levels were found in cells carrying the mutant VLCAD under glucose-limited stress. Moreover, the stability of the mutant homodimer was disturbed, and major conformational changes in each mutant VLCAD structure were predicted by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The data presented here may provide valuable information for improving management of diagnosis and treatment of VLCAD deficiency and for a better understanding of the general molecular bases of disease variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.,Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fan Tong
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wu
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.,Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiu-Zi Yi
- Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Ru-Lai Yang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Zhao
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Cang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.,Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Ping-Ping Jiang
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine / National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.,Institute of Genetics and Department of Human Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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15
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Ribas GS, Vargas CR. Evidence that Oxidative Disbalance and Mitochondrial Dysfunction are Involved in the Pathophysiology of Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:521-532. [PMID: 32876899 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorders (FAODs) are a group of about 20 diseases which are caused by specific mutations in genes that codify proteins or enzymes involved in the fatty acid transport and mitochondrial β-oxidation. As a consequence of these inherited metabolic defects, fatty acids can not be used as an appropriate energetic source during special conditions, such as prolonged fasting, exercise or other catabolic states. Therefore, patients usually present hepatopathy, cardiomyopathy, severe skeletal myopathy and neuropathy, besides biochemical features like hypoketotic hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, hypotony and hyperammonemia. This set of symptoms seems to be related not only with the energy deficiency, but also with toxic effects provoked by fatty acids and carnitine derivatives accumulated in the tissues of the patients. The understanding of the mechanisms by which these metabolites provoke tissue injury in FAODs is crucial for the developmental of novel therapeutic strategies that promote increased life expectancy, as well as improved life quality for patients. In this sense, the objective of this review is to present evidence from the scientific literature on the role of oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of the most prevalent FAODs: medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) and very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiencies. It is expected that the findings presented in this review, obtained from both animal model and patients studies, may contribute to a better comprehension of the pathophysiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziela Schmitt Ribas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clíınicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil.
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16
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Seminotti B, Leipnitz G, Karunanidhi A, Kochersperger C, Roginskaya VY, Basu S, Wang Y, Wipf P, Van Houten B, Mohsen AW, Vockley J. Mitochondrial energetics is impaired in very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency and can be rescued by treatment with mitochondria-targeted electron scavengers. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:928-941. [PMID: 30445591 PMCID: PMC6400046 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is the most common defect of mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid β-oxidation. Patients present with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes affecting heart, liver and skeletal muscle predominantly. The full pathophysiology of the disease is unclear and patient response to current therapeutic regimens is incomplete. To identify additional cellular alterations and explore more effective therapies, mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis were assessed in VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts, and several protective compounds were evaluated. The results revealed cellular and tissue changes, including decreased respiratory chain (RC) function, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and altered mitochondrial function and signaling pathways in a variety of VLCAD-deficient fibroblasts. The mitochondrially enriched electron and free radical scavengers JP4-039 and XJB-5-131 improved RC function and decreased ROS production significantly, suggesting that they are viable candidate compounds to further develop to treat VLCAD-deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Seminotti
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anuradha Karunanidhi
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Catherine Kochersperger
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vera Y Roginskaya
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shrabani Basu
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yudong Wang
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Al-Walid Mohsen
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jerry Vockley
- Division Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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17
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Impairment of mitochondrial bioenergetics and permeability transition induction caused by major long-chain fatty acids accumulating in VLCAD deficiency in skeletal muscle as potential pathomechanisms of myopathy. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 62:104665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Roginski AC, Wajner A, Cecatto C, Wajner SM, Castilho RF, Wajner M, Amaral AU. Disturbance of bioenergetics and calcium homeostasis provoked by metabolites accumulating in propionic acidemia in heart mitochondria of developing rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165682. [PMID: 31931102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia is caused by lack of propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity. It is biochemically characterized by accumulation of propionic (PA) and 3-hydroxypropionic (3OHPA) acids and clinically by severe encephalopathy and cardiomyopathy. High urinary excretion of maleic acid (MA) and 2-methylcitric acid (2MCA) is also found in the affected patients. Considering that the underlying mechanisms of cardiac disease in propionic acidemia are practically unknown, we investigated the effects of PA, 3OHPA, MA and 2MCA (0.05-5 mM) on important mitochondrial functions in isolated rat heart mitochondria, as well as in crude heart homogenates and cultured cardiomyocytes. MA markedly inhibited state 3 (ADP-stimulated), state 4 (non-phosphorylating) and uncoupled (CCCP-stimulated) respiration in mitochondria supported by pyruvate plus malate or α-ketoglutarate associated with reduced ATP production, whereas PA and 3OHPA provoked less intense inhibitory effects and 2MCA no alterations at all. MA-induced impaired respiration was attenuated by coenzyme A supplementation. In addition, MA significantly inhibited α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity. Similar data were obtained in heart crude homogenates and permeabilized cardiomyocytes. MA, and PA to a lesser degree, also decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), NAD(P)H content and Ca2+ retention capacity, and caused swelling in Ca2+-loaded mitochondria. Noteworthy, ΔΨm collapse and mitochondrial swelling were fully prevented or attenuated by cyclosporin A and ADP, indicating the involvement of mitochondrial permeability transition. It is therefore proposed that disturbance of mitochondrial energy and calcium homeostasis caused by MA, as well as by PA and 3OHPA to a lesser extent, may be involved in the cardiomyopathy commonly affecting propionic acidemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Roginski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cecatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Magagnin Wajner
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Frigério Castilho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil.
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Cecatto C, Amaral AU, Wajner A, Wajner SM, Castilho RF, Wajner M. Disturbance of mitochondrial functions associated with permeability transition pore opening induced by cis-5-tetradecenoic and myristic acids in liver of adolescent rats. Mitochondrion 2019; 50:1-13. [PMID: 31655165 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients affected by very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency commonly present liver dysfunction whose pathogenesis is poorly known. We demonstrate here that major metabolites accumulating in this disorder, namely cis-5-tetradecenoic acid (Cis-5) and myristic acid (Myr), markedly impair mitochondrial respiration, decreasing ATP production in liver mitochondrial preparations from adolescent rats. Other parameters of mitochondrial homeostasis such as membrane potential (ΔΨm) and Ca2+retention capacity were strongly compromised by these fatty acids, involving induction of mitochondrial permeability transition. The present data indicate that disruption of mitochondrial bioenergetics and Ca2+homeostasis may contribute to the liver dysfunction of VLCAD deficient patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Cecatto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Umpierrez Amaral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Magagnin Wajner
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Frigério Castilho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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