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Li X, Liu T, Guan H, Batelaan O, Duan L, Tong X, Wang G. Carbon flux dynamics and influencing factors in a semi-arid dune ecosystem of northern China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121696. [PMID: 39013313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The dune ecosystem plays a significant role in the global carbon cycle. The Horqin Sandy Land is a typical semi-arid fragile ecosystem in northern China. Understanding the magnitudes and dynamics of carbon dioxide fluxes within this region is essential for understanding the carbon balance. Used 6 years (2013-2018) measurements from an eddy-covariance system, we analyzed the dynamic patterns of net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), and ecosystem respiration (Reco) of the dune ecosystem in Horqin Sandy Land and examined their responses to climate factors with a focus on the precipitation. The results showed that the NEE of the dune ecosystem fluctuated from -166 to 100 gCO2·m-2·year-1 across the 6 growing seasons, with an average of -56 gCO2·m-2·year-1. The precipitation was not a key factor influencing the carbon flux variability. During the mid-growth stage, GPP was primarily affected by the effective precipitation frequency (R2 ranging from 0.65 to 0.85, P < 0.05), followed by fractional vegetation cover (R2 ranging from 0.65 to 0.68, P < 0.05). However, in the early and late growth stages, temperature predominantly drove the carbon flux (R2 = 0.75, P < 0.01). The interannual variability of carbon flux can be predominantly elucidated by phenological indicators such as CO2 uptake (CUstart), end of CO2 uptake (CUend), CO2 uptake period (CUP), and Spring lag. The results demonstrated the dune ecosystem is a weak carbon sink in semi-arid ecosystems. Furthermore, we emphasized the significance of effective precipitation frequency in regulating carbon fluxes. Our results provide a foundational understanding of the carbon balance in semi-arid ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; College of Science & Engineering, National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tingxi Liu
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and High Efficient Utilization of Water Resources, Hohhot, 010018, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China.
| | - Huade Guan
- College of Science & Engineering, National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Okke Batelaan
- College of Science & Engineering, National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Limin Duan
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and High Efficient Utilization of Water Resources, Hohhot, 010018, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and High Efficient Utilization of Water Resources, Hohhot, 010018, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Guanli Wang
- Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and High Efficient Utilization of Water Resources, Hohhot, 010018, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China
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Guo Y, Wang H, Du L, Shi P, Du S, Xu Z, Jiao S, Chen W, Chen S, Wei G. Microbial communities mediate the effect of cover cropping on soil ecosystem functions under precipitation reduction in an agroecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174572. [PMID: 38986707 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cover cropping is a sustainable agricultural practice that profoundly influences soil microbial communities and ecosystem functions. However, the responses of soil ecosystem functions and microbial communities to cover cropping under the projected changes in precipitation, remain largely unexplored. To address this gap, a field experiment with cover cropping (control, hairy vetch, ryegrass, and hairy vetch plus ryegrass) and precipitation reduction (ambient precipitation and 50 % reduction in ambient precipitation) treatments was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in an agroecosystem located in the Guanzhong Plain of China. Soil ecosystem functions related to nutrient storage, nutrient cycling, and organic matter decomposition were measured to assess the soil multifunctionality index and bacterial and fungal communities were determined by Illumina NovaSeq sequencing. The results indicated that cover cropping enhanced soil multifunctionality index, and reduced precipitation strengthened this effect. Microbial community composition, rather than microbial diversity, was significantly altered by cover cropping regardless of precipitation reduction. Cover cropping increased the microbial network complexity and stability, but this effect was dampened by reduced precipitation. The microbial community composition and network complexity significantly and positively correlated with soil multifunctionality index under ambient and reduced precipitation conditions. Linear regression analyses and structural equation models collectively demonstrated that the increase in soil multifunctionality index was attributed to cover cropping-induced changes in microbial community composition and network complexity, irrespective of precipitation reduction. This study highlights the crucial role of microbial communities in driving the response of soil multifunctionality to cover cropping in the context of reduced precipitation, which has important implications for agricultural management and sustainability under future climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lanlan Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Peng Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Sen Du
- National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- Lingxian Biological Agriculture Co., Ltd., Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Shuo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenfeng Chen
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sanfeng Chen
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Gan HY, Hohberg K, Schneider C, Ebner M, Marais E, Miranda T, Lehmitz R, Maggs-Kölling G, Bocherens H. The hidden oases: unveiling trophic dynamics in Namib's fog plant ecosystem. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13334. [PMID: 38858480 PMCID: PMC11164947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Namib Desert is a hyperarid coastal desert where fog is a major moisture source. We hypothesized that the fog-harvesting grass Stipagrostis sabulicola establishes an important ecological niche, termed the "Fog-Plant-Oases" (FPOs), and serves as the primary carbon source for the invertebrate community. To determine this, we measured the natural variations of the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) of invertebrates as well as that of plant biomass and belowground detritus and estimated the contributions of the fog plants in their diets. Our findings revealed a complex trophic structure and demonstrated that S. sabulicola fuels carbon flow from lower to higher trophic levels in the aboveground food web. The distinct δ13C values of bacterial- and fungal-feeding nematodes indicated however the separation of the aboveground niche, which is primarily sustained by S. sabulicola, from the belowground niche, where wind-blown sediments may serve as the main energy source for the soil biota. Our findings further accentuate the critical role of S. sabulicola FPOs in establishing complex trophic dynamics and a distinctive food web within the hyperarid Namib dunes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei Ying Gan
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Hölderlindstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Karin Hohberg
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Clément Schneider
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826, Görlitz, Germany
| | - Martin Ebner
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlindstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Eugene Marais
- Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, 13013, Namibia
| | - Tatiana Miranda
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Hölderlindstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ricarda Lehmitz
- Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Am Museum 1, 02826, Görlitz, Germany
| | | | - Hervé Bocherens
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Hölderlindstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlindstr. 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
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Han Y, Wang G, Xiong L, Xu Y, Li S. Rainfall effect on soil respiration depends on antecedent soil moisture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172130. [PMID: 38569962 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change has a discernible influence on rainfall patterns, thus potentially affecting the intricate dynamics of soil respiration (Rs) and soil carbon storage. However, we still lack a profound understanding of the determinants of Rs response to rainfall events. Here, utilizing a comprehensive 10-year dataset (2004-2013), we explored the direction and magnitude of Rs response to rainfall events and the underlying determinants in a temperate forest. Based on the identified 368 rainfall events over the study period, we demonstrate that rainfall suppresses Rs when the soil moisture is optimal and moist in the growing season, whereas its effect on Rs during the non-growing season is minimal. Notably, antecedent soil moisture, rather than rainfall amount, shows a substantial impact on Rs during the growing season (coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.37 for antecedent soil moisture, and R2 < 0.01 for rainfall amount). Incorporating antecedent soil moisture significantly enhances the explanatory power (R2) from 0.09 to 0.45 regarding the relative changes in Rs following rainfall events. Our results highlight the environmental dependency of Rs response to rainfall events and suggest that incorporating the role of antecedent soil moisture could enhance predictability and reduce uncertainty in ecosystem modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Gangsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Lihua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute for Water-Carbon Cycles and Carbon Neutrality, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Martin PA, Fisher L, Pérez-Izquierdo L, Biryol C, Guenet B, Luyssaert S, Manzoni S, Menival C, Santonja M, Spake R, Axmacher JC, Yuste JC. Meta-analysis reveals that the effects of precipitation change on soil and litter fauna in forests depend on body size. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17305. [PMID: 38712651 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change is altering precipitation regimes at a global scale. While precipitation changes have been linked to changes in the abundance and diversity of soil and litter invertebrate fauna in forests, general trends have remained elusive due to mixed results from primary studies. We used a meta-analysis based on 430 comparisons from 38 primary studies to address associated knowledge gaps, (i) quantifying impacts of precipitation change on forest soil and litter fauna abundance and diversity, (ii) exploring reasons for variation in impacts and (iii) examining biases affecting the realism and accuracy of experimental studies. Precipitation reductions led to a decrease of 39% in soil and litter fauna abundance, with a 35% increase in abundance under precipitation increases, while diversity impacts were smaller. A statistical model containing an interaction between body size and the magnitude of precipitation change showed that mesofauna (e.g. mites, collembola) responded most to changes in precipitation. Changes in taxonomic richness were related solely to the magnitude of precipitation change. Our results suggest that body size is related to the ability of a taxon to survive under drought conditions, or to benefit from high precipitation. We also found that most experiments manipulated precipitation in a way that aligns better with predicted extreme climatic events than with predicted average annual changes in precipitation and that the experimental plots used in experiments were likely too small to accurately capture changes for mobile taxa. The relationship between body size and response to precipitation found here has far-reaching implications for our ability to predict future responses of soil biodiversity to climate change and will help to produce more realistic mechanistic soil models which aim to simulate the responses of soils to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Martin
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Leonora Fisher
- UCL Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
| | - Leticia Pérez-Izquierdo
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Charlotte Biryol
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Bertrand Guenet
- Laboratoire de Géologie, Ecole Normale supérieure, CNRS, IPSL, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Sebastiaan Luyssaert
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Section Systems Ecology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stefano Manzoni
- Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claire Menival
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Santonja
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Rebecca Spake
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jan C Axmacher
- UCL Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jorge Curiel Yuste
- BC3-Basque Centre for Climate Change, Scientific Campus of the University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
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Liu F, Wang Z, Liu J, Latif J, Qin J, Yang H, Jiang W, Deng Y, Yang K, Ni Z, Ding Y, Xie J, Wang Y, Jia H. Seasonal and Spatial Fluctuations of Reactive Oxygen Species in Riparian Soils and Their Contributions on Organic Carbon Mineralization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7066-7077. [PMID: 38597811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous in the natural environment and play a pivotal role in biogeochemical processes. However, the spatiotemporal distribution and production mechanisms of ROS in riparian soil remain unknown. Herein, we performed uninterrupted monitoring to investigate the variation of ROS at different soil sites of the Weihe River riparian zone throughout the year. Fluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis clearly showed the production and spatiotemporal variation of ROS in riparian soils. The concentration of superoxide (O2•-) was 300% higher in summer and autumn compared to that in other seasons, while the highest concentrations of 539.7 and 20.12 μmol kg-1 were observed in winter for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH), respectively. Spatially, ROS production in riparian soils gradually decreased along with the stream. The results of the structural equation and random forest model indicated that meteorological conditions and soil physicochemical properties were primary drivers mediating the seasonal and spatial variations in ROS production, respectively. The generated •OH significantly induced the abiotic mineralization of organic carbon, contributing to 17.5-26.4% of CO2 efflux. The obtained information highlighted riparian zones as pervasive yet previously underestimated hotspots for ROS production, which may have non-negligible implications for carbon turnover and other elemental cycles in riparian soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Junaid Latif
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jianjun Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huiqiang Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yongxi Deng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kangjie Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zheng Ni
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jia Xie
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling 712100, China
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Gao X, Zheng Z, Diao Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ma L. The effects of litter input and increased precipitation on soil microbial communities in a temperate grassland. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1347016. [PMID: 38650869 PMCID: PMC11033436 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1347016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Global warming has contributed to shifts in precipitation patterns and increased plant productivity, resulting in a significant increase in litter input into the soils. The enhanced litter input, combined with higher levels of precipitation, may potentially affect soil microbial communities. This study aims to investigate the effects of litter input and increased precipitation on soil microbial biomass, community structure, and diversity in a temperate meadow steppe in northeastern China. Different levels of litter input (0%, +30%, +60%) and increased precipitation (0%, +15%, +30%) were applied over a three-year period (2015-2017). The results showed that litter input significantly increased the biomass of bacteria and fungi without altering their diversity, as well as the ratio of bacterial to fungal biomass. Increased precipitation did not have a notable effect on the biomass and diversity of bacteria and fungi, but it did increase the fungal-to-bacterial biomass ratio. However, when litter input and increased precipitation interacted, bacterial diversity significantly increased while the fungal-to-bacterial biomass ratio remained unchanged. These findings indicate that the projected increases in litter and precipitation would have a substantial impact on soil microbial communities. In energy-and water-limited temperate grasslands, the additional litter inputs and increased precipitation contribute to enhanced nutrient and water availability, which in turn promotes microbial growth and leads to shifts in community structure and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Gao
- Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Zheng
- Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyan Diao
- Institute of Ecology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yeming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yupei Wang
- International Economics and Trade, University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Linna Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Zeng X, Gao H, Wang R, Majcher BM, Woon JS, Wenda C, Eggleton P, Griffiths HM, Ashton LA. Global contribution of invertebrates to forest litter decomposition. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14423. [PMID: 38584578 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Forest litter decomposition is an essential component of global carbon and nutrient turnover. Invertebrates play important roles in litter decomposition, but the regional pattern of their effects is poorly understood. We examined 476 case studies across 93 sites and performed a meta-analysis to estimate regional effects of invertebrates on forest litter decomposition. We then assessed how invertebrate diversity, climate and soil pH drive regional variations in invertebrate-mediated decomposition. We found that (1) invertebrate contributions to litter decomposition are 1.4 times higher in tropical and subtropical forests than in forests elsewhere, with an overall contribution of 31% to global forest litter decomposition; and (2) termite diversity, together with warm, humid and acidic environments in the tropics and subtropics are positively associated with forest litter decomposition by invertebrates. Our results demonstrate the significant difference in invertebrate effects on mediating forest litter decomposition among regions. We demonstrate, also, the significance of termites in driving litter mass loss in the tropics and subtropics. These results are particularly pertinent in the tropics and subtropics where climate change and human disturbance threaten invertebrate biodiversity and the ecosystem services it provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zeng
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huilin Gao
- Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Runxi Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bartosz M Majcher
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joel S Woon
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Cheng Wenda
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Paul Eggleton
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | | | - Louise A Ashton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Zhang S, Zhou X, Chen Y, Du F, Zhu B. Soil organic carbon fractions in China: Spatial distribution, drivers, and future changes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170890. [PMID: 38346657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Soil is the world's largest terrestrial carbon pool and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, which may be greatly affected by global change. Recently, research frameworks have indicated that division of soil organic carbon (SOC) into two forms particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) can help us better understand SOC cycle. However, there is a lack of the use of meta-analysis combined with machine learning models to explore the spatial distribution of SOC fractions at large scales. Based on 356 studies conducted in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems, we performed a meta-analysis of extracted data and measured data combined with machine learning models to reveal the spatial distribution of soil POC density (POCD) and MAOC density (MAOCD) and the main drivers of variations in POCD and MAOCD. Our study demonstrated that POCD and MAOCD in China's soil were 3.24 and 2.61 kg m-2, with stocks of 31.10 and 25.06 Pg, respectively. Climate, soil, and vegetation properties together explained 44.9 % and 27.2 % of the variation in POCD and MAOCD, respectively. Climate was more important than other variables in controlling the changes in POCD, with mean annual temperature being specifically the main driver. Soil, however, was more important than other variables in controlling changes in MAOCD, with soil clay content being the main driver. Compared to the other climate scenarios, the rate of change in POCD and MAOCD was higher with a 1.5 °C increase in temperature. In the future, we should pay more attention to the impact of climate change on POCD, which provides a theoretical basis for achieving the "dual-carbon" target. Our study contributes to the understanding of the potential mechanisms of the changes in SOC fractions under global change and provides useful information for future prediction models to simulate the impacts of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 610041 Chengdu, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yusen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Fan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 610041 Chengdu, China.
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10
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Liu Y, Wang H, Tan X, Fu S, Liu D, Shen W. Increased precipitation alters the effects of nitrogen deposition on soil bacterial and fungal communities in a temperate forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170017. [PMID: 38219995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition and increased precipitation are known to alter soil microbial communities. However, the combined effects of elevated N deposition and increased precipitation on soil microbial community dynamics and co-occurrence networks in temperate forests remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a field manipulation experiment by applying N solution and water to the forest canopy to simulate natural N deposition and increased precipitation in a temperate forest. We collected samples in the litter layer, organic soil layer, and mineral soil layer in 2018-2019 after 6-7 years of N and water treatments, and explored how elevated N deposition and increased precipitation regulate soil microbial diversity, community composition, and co-occurrence networks in different soil layers and at different sampling times. We found that the effects of N deposition and increased precipitation on soil microbial communities varied with soil layers and sampling times. Compared to the ambient environment, single canopy N addition (CN) or single canopy water addition (CW) did not affect bacterial Shannon diversity in the mineral soil layer in 2018, but the combined canopy N and water additions (CNW) decreased it in this layer at this time. CN increased fungal OTU richness in the organic and mineral soil layers in 2018; however, CW and CNW did not have an effect on it in the same layer at the same time. CW and CNW, but not CN, significantly affected bacterial and fungal community compositions in the litter layer in 2018 and in the organic soil layer in 2019. In contrast, CN, but not CW or CNW, significantly affected fungal community composition in the litter layer in 2019. CNW exhibited higher complexities of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks than CN and the ambient environment, indicating increased precipitation can strengthen the effect of N deposition on the complexity of bacterial and fungal co-occurrence networks. Our findings suggest that increased precipitation alters the effects of atmospheric N deposition on soil bacterial and fungal communities in this temperate forest, depending on soil layer and sampling time. Moreover, both bacterial and fungal community compositions are sensitive to increased precipitation, but the bacterial community composition is more sensitive to N deposition than the fungal community composition in the organic and mineral soil layers in this forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Forest and Grassland Key Laboratory of Alpine Grassland Conservation and Utilization of Tibetan Plateau, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Wang
- National Plateau Wetlands Research Center/Wetlands College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.
| | - Xiangping Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Forest and Grassland Key Laboratory of Alpine Grassland Conservation and Utilization of Tibetan Plateau, Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijun Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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11
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Li Z, Guo X, Ma Y, Hu B, Yang Y, Tian H, Liu X, Meng N, Zhu J, Yan D, Song H, Bao B, Li X, Dai X, Zheng Y, Jin Y, Zheng H. The hidden risk: Changes in functional potentials of microbial keystone taxa under global climate change jeopardizing soil carbon storage in alpine grasslands. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108516. [PMID: 38447452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Climate change is endangering the soil carbon stock of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), but the limited comprehension regarding the mechanisms that sustain carbon storage under hydrothermal changes increases the uncertainty associated with this finding. Here, we examined the relative abundance of soil microbial keystone taxa and their functional potentials, as well as their influence on soil carbon storage with increased precipitation across alpine grasslands on the QTP, China. The findings indicate that alterations in precipitation significantly decreased the relative abundance of the carbon degradation potentials of keystone taxa, such as chemoheterotrophs. The inclusion of keystone taxa and their internal functional potentials in the two best alternative models explained 70% and 63% of the variance in soil organic carbon (SOC) density, respectively. Moreover, we found that changes in chemoheterotrophs had negative effects on SOC density as indicated by a structural equation model, suggesting that some specialized functional potentials of keystone taxa are not conducive to the accumulation of carbon sink. Our study offers valuable insights into the intricate correlation between precipitation-induced alterations in soil microbial keystone taxa and SOC storage, highlighting a rough categorization is difficult to distinguish the hidden threats and the importance of incorporating functional potentials in SOC storage prediction models in response to changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xian 710061, China
| | - Baoan Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yanzheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Huixia Tian
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xujun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Nan Meng
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jinyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Danni Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Binqiang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuhuan Dai
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yingshan Jin
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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12
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Fu Q, Qiu Y, Zhao J, Li J, Xie S, Liao Q, Fu X, Huang Y, Yao Z, Dai Z, Qiu Y, Yang Y, Li F, Chen H. Monotonic trends of soil microbiomes, metagenomic and metabolomic functioning across ecosystems along water gradients in the Altai region, northwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169351. [PMID: 38123079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate microbial communities and their contributions to carbon and nutrient cycling along water gradients can enhance our comprehension of climate change impacts on ecosystem services. Thus, we conducted an assessment of microbial communities, metagenomic functions, and metabolomic profiles within four ecosystems, i.e., desert grassland (DG), shrub-steppe (SS), forest (FO), and marsh (MA) in the Altai region of Xinjiang, China. Our results showed that soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen, NH4+, and NO3- increased, but pH decreased with soil water gradients. Microbial abundances and richness also increased with soil moisture except the abundances of fungi and protists being lowest in MA. A shift in microbial community composition is evident along the soil moisture gradient, with Proteobacteria, Basidiomycota, and Evosea proliferating but a decline in Actinobacteria and Cercozoa. The β-diversity of microbiomes, metagenomic, and metabolomic functioning were correlated with soil moisture gradients and have significant associations with specific soil factors of TC, NH4+, and pH. Metagenomic functions associated with carbohydrate and DNA metabolisms, as well as phages, prophages, TE, plasmids functions diminished with moisture, whereas the genes involved in nitrogen and potassium metabolism, along with certain biological interactions and environmental information processing functions, demonstrated an augmentation. Additionally, MA harbored the most abundant metabolomics dominated by lipids and lipid-like molecules and organic oxygen compounds, except certain metabolites showing decline trends along water gradients, such as N'-Hydroxymethylnorcotinine and 5-Hydroxyenterolactone. Thus, our study suggests that future ecosystem succession facilitated by changes in rainfall patterns will significantly alter soil microbial taxa, functional potential, and metabolite fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yingbo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Siqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Qiuchang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xianheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhongmin Dai
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yunpeng Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Furong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
| | - Huaihai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
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13
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Jaeger ACH, Hartmann M, Conz RF, Six J, Solly EF. Prolonged water limitation shifts the soil microbiome from copiotrophic to oligotrophic lifestyles in Scots pine mesocosms. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13211. [PMID: 37991154 PMCID: PMC10866073 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Reductions in soil moisture due to prolonged episodes of drought can potentially affect whole forest ecosystems, including soil microorganisms and their functions. We investigated how the composition of soil microbial communities is affected by prolonged episodes of water limitation. In a mesocosm experiment with Scots pine saplings and natural forest soil maintained at different levels of soil water content over 2 years, we assessed shifts in prokaryotic and fungal communities and related these to changes in plant development and soil properties. Prolonged water limitation induced progressive changes in soil microbial community composition. The dissimilarity between prokaryotic communities at different levels of water limitation increased over time regardless of the recurrent seasons, while fungal communities were less affected by prolonged water limitation. Under low soil water contents, desiccation-tolerant groups outcompeted less adapted, and the lifestyle of prokaryotic taxa shifted from copiotrophic to oligotrophic. While the abundance of saprotrophic and ligninolytic groups increased alongside an accumulation of dead plant material, the abundance of symbiotic and nutrient-cycling taxa decreased, likely impairing the development of the trees. Overall, prolonged episodes of drought appeared to continuously alter the structure of microbial communities, pointing to a potential loss of critical functions provided by the soil microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid C. H. Jaeger
- Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Rafaela Feola Conz
- Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Johan Six
- Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Emily F. Solly
- Sustainable Agroecosystems Group, Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZLeipzigGermany
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14
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Xu S, Wang J, Sayer EJ, Lam SK, Lai DYF. Precipitation change affects forest soil carbon inputs and pools: A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168171. [PMID: 37923258 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of precipitation change on forest carbon (C) storage will have global consequences, as forests play a major role in sequestering anthropogenic CO2. Although forest soils are one of the largest terrestrial C pools, there is great uncertainty around the response of forest soil organic carbon (SOC) to precipitation change, which limits our ability to predict future forest C storage. To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effect of drought and irrigation experiments on SOC pools, plant C inputs and the soil environment based on 161 studies across 139 forest sites worldwide. Overall, forest SOC content was not affected by precipitation change, but both drought and irrigation altered plant C inputs and soil properties associated with SOC formation and storage. Drought may enhance SOC stability by altering soil aggregate fractions, but the effect of irrigation on SOC fractions remains unexplored. The apparent insensitivity of SOC to precipitation change can be explained by the short duration of most experiments and by biome-specific responses of C inputs and pools to drought or irrigation. Importantly, we demonstrate that SOC content is more likely to decline under irrigation at drier temperate sites, but that dry forests are currently underrepresented across experimental studies. Thus, our meta-analysis advances research into the impacts of precipitation change in forests by revealing important differences among forest biomes, which are likely linked to plant adaptation to extant conditions. We further demonstrate important knowledge gaps around how precipitation change will affect SOC stability, as too few studies currently consider distinct soil C pools. To accurately predict future SOC storage in forests, there is an urgent need for coordinated studies of different soil C pools and fractions across existing sites, as well as new experiments in underrepresented forest types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xu
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Emma J Sayer
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Shu Kee Lam
- School of Agriculture and Food, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Derrick Y F Lai
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Environmental Policy and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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15
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Ren J, Wang C, Wang Q, Song W, Sun W. Nitrogen addition regulates the effects of variation in precipitation patterns on plant biomass formation and allocation in a Leymus chinensis grassland of northeast China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1323766. [PMID: 38283970 PMCID: PMC10810989 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1323766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Global warming is predicted to change precipitation amount and reduce precipitation frequency, which may alter grassland primary productivity and biomass allocation, especially when interact with other global change factors, such as nitrogen deposition. The interactive effects of changes in precipitation amount and nitrogen addition on productivity and biomass allocation are extensively studied; however, how these effects may be regulated by the predicted reduction in precipitation frequency remain largely unknown. Using a mesocosm experiment, we investigated responses of primary productivity and biomass allocation to the manipulated changes in precipitation amount (PA: 150 mm, 300 mm, 450 mm), precipitation frequency (PF: medium and low), and nitrogen addition (NA: 0 and 10 g N m-2 yr-1) in a Leymus chinensis grassland. We detected significant effects of the PA, PF and NA treatments on both aboveground biomass (AGB) and belowground biomass (BGB); but the interactive effects were only significant between the PA and NA on AGB. Both AGB and BGB increased with an increment in precipitation amount and nitrogen addition; the reduction in PF decreased AGB, but increased BGB. The reduced PF treatment induced an enhancement in the variation of soil moisture, which subsequently affected photosynthesis and biomass formation. Overall, there were mismatches in the above- and belowground biomass responses to changes in precipitation regime. Our results suggest the predicted changes in precipitation regime, including precipitation amount and frequency, is likely to alter primary productivity and biomass allocation, especially when interact with nitrogen deposition. Therefore, predicting the influence of global changes on grassland structure and functions requires the consideration of interactions among multiple global change factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Ren
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Resources and Ecology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, China
- School of Resources and Environment, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiaoxin Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wenzheng Song
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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16
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Yang X, Song W, Yang X, Yang T, Bao W, Wang C, Li J, Zhong S, Jiang Q, Li LJ, Sun W. Microbial network structure, not plant and microbial community diversity, regulates multifunctionality under increased precipitation in a cold steppe. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1349747. [PMID: 38282737 PMCID: PMC10814129 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1349747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
It is known that the dynamics of multiple ecosystem functions (i. e., multifunctionality) are positively associated with microbial diversity and/or biodiversity. However, how the relationship between microbial species affects ecosystem multifunctionality remains unclear, especially in the case of changes in precipitation patterns. To explore the contribution of biodiversity and microbial co-occurrence networks to multifunctionality, we used rainfall shelters to simulate precipitation enhancement in a cold steppe in Northeast China over two consecutive growing seasons. We showed that an increased 50% precipitation profoundly reduced bacterial diversity and multidiversity, while inter-annual differences in precipitation did not shift microbial diversity, plant diversity, or multidiversity. Our analyses also revealed that increased annual precipitation significantly increased ecosystem, soil, nitrogen, and phosphorous cycle multifunctionality. Neither increased precipitation nor inter-annual differences in precipitation had a significant effect on carbon cycle multifunctionality, probably due to the relatively short period (2 years) of our experiment. The co-occurrence network of bacterial and fungal communities was the most dominant factor affecting multifunctionality, the numbers of negative interactions but not positive interactions were linked to multifunctionality. In particular, our results provided evidence that microbial network topological features are crucial for maintaining ecosystem functions in grassland ecosystems, which should be considered in related studies to accurately predict the responses of ecosystem multifunctionality to predicted changes in precipitation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenzheng Song
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianxue Yang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenqing Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Junqin Li
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shangzhi Zhong
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- No. Fifteen Senior High School of Mudanjiang, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Lu-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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17
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Feng J, Ma H, Wang C, Gao J, Zhai C, Jiang L, Wan S. Water rather than nitrogen availability predominantly modulates soil microbial beta-diversity and co-occurrence networks in a secondary forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167996. [PMID: 37871812 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and changing precipitation regimes greatly affect the structure and functions of terrestrial ecosystems. However, their impacts on the diversity and assembly of soil microbial communities including bacteria, fungi and protists, remain largely unclear. As part of a six-year field experiment in a secondary forest in a warm temperate and subtropical climate transitional zone in China, we aimed to investigate the responses of soil microbial communities to N addition, increased and decreased precipitation. The results showed that N addition had no effect on soil microbial α- or β-diversity, but reduced the complexity of microbial network. Neither increased nor decreased precipitation influenced soil microbial α-diversity, but decreased precipitation rather than increased precipitation elevated bacterial and protistan community dissimilarities (β-diversity), which could have been largely attributed to species replacement processes through reducing soil water availability. In addition, decreased precipitation weakened microbial complexity and stability, but enhanced the node proportion of protists in the co-occurrence network. Our observations suggest the asymmetric responses of soil microbial β-diversity to increased and decreased precipitation, and underscore that water rather than N availability, especially drought condition, plays a predominant role in modulating soil microbial β-diversity. Moreover, the findings imply that global change can strengthen the importance of soil protists and then reshape microbial assembly in forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Feng
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Huixia Ma
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Jingjing Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Changchun Zhai
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
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18
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Otieno EO, Shen C, Zhang K, Wan J, He M, Tao Z, Huang W, Siemann E. Effects of nutrient pulses on exotic species shift from positive to neutral with decreasing water availability. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 34:e2805. [PMID: 36583667 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Temporal fluctuation in nutrient availability generally promotes the growth of exotic plant species and has been recognized as an important driver of exotic plant invasions. However, little is known about how the impact of fluctuating nutrients on exotic species is dependent on the availability of other resources, although most ecosystems are experiencing dramatic variations in a wide variety of resources due to global change and human disturbance. Here, we explored how water availability mediates the effect of nutrient pulses on the growth of six exotic and six native plant species. We subjected individual plants of exotic and native species to well watered or water stressed conditions. For each level of water availability, we added equivalent amounts of nutrients at a constant rate, as a single large pulse, or in multiple small pulses. Under well watered conditions, nutrient pulses promoted exotic plant growth relative to nutrients supplied constantly, while they had no significant effect on natives. In contrast, under water stressed conditions, water deficiency inhibited the growth of all exotic and native species. More importantly, nutrient pulses did not increase plant growth relative to nutrients supplied constantly and these phenomena were observed for both exotic and native species. Taken together, our study shows that the impact of fluctuating nutrient availability on the growth of exotic plant species strongly depends on the variation of other resources, and that the positive effect of nutrient pulses under well watered conditions disappears under water stressed conditions. Our findings suggest that the variation in multiple resources may have complex feedback on exotic plant invasions and, therefore, it is critical to encompass multiple resources for the evaluation of fluctuating resource availability effects on exotic plant species. This will allow us to project the invasive trajectory of exotic plant species more accurately under future global change and human disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evans O Otieno
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changchao Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaoping Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinlong Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Minyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibin Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Evan Siemann
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Huang X, He M, Li L, Wang Z, Shi L, Zhao X, Hou F. Grazing and precipitation addition reduces the temporal stability of aboveground biomass in a typical steppe of Chinese Loess Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167156. [PMID: 37751835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Few studies on the effects of human activities and global climate change on temporal stability have considered either grazing or precipitation addition (PA). How community stability responds to the interaction between PA and grazing in a single experiment remains unknown. We studied the impact of grazing and PA on the temporal stability of communities in four years field experiment conducted in a typical steppe, adopting a randomized complete block design with grazing was the main block factor and PA was the split block factor. Grazing and PA had negative impacts on the temporal stability of communities. PA reduced the community stability through decreasing the stability of subordinate and community species richness (SR), whereas grazing reduced the community stability through decreasing the stability of the SR and dominant species. In contrast, grazing and PA maintained community stability through increasing species asynchronism and promoting the decoupling of asynchronism and stability. Our results revealed the different mechanisms of grazing and PA on community stability. Exploring the response characteristics of population dynamics to global climate change and pasture management is key to understanding future climate scenarios and changes in community stability under grazing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Meiyue He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Liyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xinzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
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20
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Li J, Deng L, Peñuelas J, Wu J, Shangguan Z, Sardans J, Peng C, Kuzyakov Y. C:N:P stoichiometry of plants, soils, and microorganisms: Response to altered precipitation. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:7051-7071. [PMID: 37787740 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation changes modify C, N, and P cycles, which regulate the functions and structure of terrestrial ecosystems. Although altered precipitation affects above- and belowground C:N:P stoichiometry, considerable uncertainties remain regarding plant-microbial nutrient allocation strategies under increased (IPPT) and decreased (DPPT) precipitation. We meta-analyzed 827 observations from 235 field studies to investigate the effects of IPPT and DPPT on the C:N:P stoichiometry of plants, soils, and microorganisms. DPPT reduced leaf C:N ratio, but increased the leaf and root N:P ratios reflecting stronger decrease of P compared with N mobility in soil under drought. IPPT increased microbial biomass C (+13%), N (+15%), P (26%), and the C:N ratio, whereas DPPT decreased microbial biomass N (-12%) and the N:P ratio. The C:N and N:P ratios of plant leaves were more sensitive to medium DPPT than to IPPT because drought increased plant N content, particularly in humid areas. The responses of plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry to altered precipitation did not fit the double asymmetry model with a positive asymmetry under IPPT and a negative asymmetry under extreme DPPT. Soil microorganisms were more sensitive to IPPT than to DPPT, but they were more sensitive to extreme DPPT than extreme IPPT, consistent with the double asymmetry model. Soil microorganisms maintained stoichiometric homeostasis, whereas N:P ratios of plants follow that of the soils under altered precipitation. In conclusion, specific N allocation strategies of plants and microbial communities as well as N and P availability in soil critically mediate C:N:P stoichiometry by altered precipitation that need to be considered by prediction of ecosystem functions and C cycling under future climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jianzhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation), Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Changhui Peng
- Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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21
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Legesse TG, Dong G, Dong X, Qu L, Chen B, Daba NA, Sorecha EM, Zhu W, Lei T, Shao C. The extreme wet and large precipitation size increase carbon uptake in Eurasian meadow steppes: Evidence from natural and manipulated precipitation experiments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117029. [PMID: 37659645 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of seasonal precipitation would profoundly affect the dynamics of carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about the impacts of extreme precipitation and size events on ecosystem carbon cycle when compared to the effects of average precipitation amount. The study involved an analysis of carbon fluxes and water exchange using the eddy covariance and chamber based techniques during the growing seasons of 2015-2017 in Bayan, Mongolia and 2019-2021 in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, respectively. The components of carbon fluxes and water exchange at each site were normalized to evaluate of relative response among carbon fluxes and water exchange. The investigation delved into the relationship between carbon fluxes and extreme precipitation over five gradients (control, dry spring, dry summer, wet spring and wet summer) in Hulunbuir meadow steppe and distinct four precipitation sizes (0.1-2, 2-5, 5-10, and 10-25 mm d-1) in Bayan meadow steppe. The wet spring and summer showed the greatest ecosystem respiration (ER) relative response values, 76.2% and 73.5%, respectively, while the dry spring (-16.7%) and dry summer (14.2%) showed the lowest values. Gross primary production (GPP) relative response improved with wet precipitation gradients, and declined with dry precipitation gradients in Hulunbuir meadow steppe. The least value in net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) was found at 10-25 mm d-1 precipitation size in Bayan meadow steppe. Similarly, the ER and GPP increased with size of precipitation events. The structural equation models (SEM) satisfactorily fitted the data (χ2 = 43.03, d.f. = 11, p = 0.215), with interactive linkages among soil microclimate, water exchange and carbon fluxes components regulating NEE. Overall, this study highlighted the importance of extreme precipitation and event size in influencing ecosystem carbon exchange, which is decisive to further understand the carbon cycle in meadow steppes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Gemechu Legesse
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gang Dong
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiaobing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems (SKLHIGA), College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Luping Qu
- Forest Ecology Stable Isotope Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Baorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nano Alemu Daba
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Eba Muluneh Sorecha
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tinajie Lei
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Changliang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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22
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San-Emeterio L, Zavala LM, Jiménez-Morillo NT, Pérez-Ramos IM, González-Pérez JA. Effects of Climate Change on Soil Organic Matter C and H Isotope Composition in a Mediterranean Savannah ( Dehesa): An Assessment Using Py-CSIA. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13851-13862. [PMID: 37682017 PMCID: PMC10515479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Dehesas are Mediterranean agro-sylvo-pastoral systems sensitive to climate change. Extreme climate conditions forecasted for Mediterranean areas may change soil C turnover, which is of relevance for soil biogeochemistry modeling. The effect of climate change on soil organic matter (SOM) is investigated in a field experiment mimicking environmental conditions of global change scenarios (soil temperature increase, +2-3 °C, W; rainfall exclusion, 30%, D; a combination of both, W+D). Pyrolysis-compound-specific isotope analysis (Py-CSIA) is used for C and H isotope characterization of SOM compounds and to forecast trends exerted by the induced climate shift. After 2.5 years, significant δ13C and δ2H isotopic enrichments were detected. Observed short- and mid-chain n-alkane δ13C shifts point to an increased microbial SOM reworking in the W treatment; a 2H enrichment of up to 40‰ of lignin methoxyphenols was found when combining W+D treatments under the tree canopy, probably related to H fractionation due to increased soil water evapotranspiration. Our findings indicate that the effect of the tree canopy drives SOM dynamics in dehesas and that, in the short term, foreseen climate change scenarios will exert changes in the SOM dynamics comprising the biogeochemical C and H cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla
M. San-Emeterio
- Instituto
de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina
Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Universidad
de Sevilla, MED Soil Res. Group,
Dpt. Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola,
Facultad de Química, C/Prof Garcia Gonzalez 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Lorena M. Zavala
- Universidad
de Sevilla, MED Soil Res. Group,
Dpt. Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola,
Facultad de Química, C/Prof Garcia Gonzalez 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo
- Instituto
de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina
Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- University
of Évora, Instituto Mediterrâneo
para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento (MED), Núcleo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ignacio M. Pérez-Ramos
- Instituto
de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina
Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José A. González-Pérez
- Instituto
de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(IRNAS-CSIC), Av. Reina
Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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23
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Xu G, Li G, Wu J, Ma W, Wang H, Yuan J, Li X. Effects of rainfall amount and frequencies on soil net nitrogen mineralization in Gahai wet meadow in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14860. [PMID: 37684356 PMCID: PMC10491659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39267-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has led to a significant increase in the frequency of extreme rainfall events in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), thus potentially increasing the annual rainfall amounts and, consequently, affecting the net soil nitrogen (N) mineralization process. However, few studies on the responses of the soil net N mineralization rates to the increases in rainfall amounts and frequencies in alpine wet meadows have been carried out. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the effects of rainfall frequency and amount changes on the N fixation capacity of wet meadow soils by varying the rainfall frequency and amount in the Gahai wet meadow in the northeastern margin of the QTP during the plant-growing season in 2019. The treatment scenarios consisted of ambient rain (CK) and supplementary irrigation at a rate of 25 mm, with different irrigation frequencies, namely weekly (DF1), biweekly (DF2), every three weeks (DF3), and every four weeks (DF4). According to the obtained results, the increased rainfall frequency and amount decreased the soil mineral N stock and increased the aboveground vegetation biomass (AB) amounts and soil water contents in the wet meadows of the QTP. Ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate N (NO3--N) contributed similarly to the mineral N contents. However, the ammonification process played a major role in the soil mineralization process. The effects of increasing rainfall amount and frequency on N mineralization showed seasonal variations. The N mineralization rate showed a single-peaked curve with increasing soil temperature during the rapid vegetation growth phase, reaching the highest value in August. In addition, the N mineralization rates showed significant positive correlations with soil temperatures and NH4+-N contents and a significant negative correlation with AB (P < 0.05). The results of this study demonstrated the key role of low extreme rainfall event frequencies in increasing the net soil N mineralization rates in the vegetation growing season, which is detrimental to soil N accumulation, thereby affecting the effectiveness of soil N contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Xu
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Guang Li
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jiangqi Wu
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Weiwei Ma
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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24
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Xiao Y, Bao F, Xu X, Yu K, Wu B, Gao Y, Zhang J. The influence of precipitation timing and amount on soil microbial community in a temperate desert ecosystem. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1249036. [PMID: 37744930 PMCID: PMC10512721 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1249036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Global climate change may lead to changes in precipitation patterns. This may have a significant impact on the microbial communities present in the soil. However, the way these communities respond to seasonal variations in precipitation, particularly in the context of increased precipitation amounts, is not yet well understood. Methods To explore this issue, a five-year (2012-2016) field study was conducted at the northeast boundary of the Ulan Buh Desert, examining the effects of increased precipitation during different periods of the growing season on both bacterial and fungal communities. The study included five precipitation pattern treatments: a control group (C), as well as groups receiving 50 and 100% of the local mean annual precipitation amount (145 mm) during either the early growing season (E50 and E100) or the late growing season (L50 and L100). The taxonomic composition of the soil bacterial and fungal communities was analyzed using Illumina sequencing. Results After 5 years, the bacterial community composition had significantly changed in all treatment groups, with soil bacteria proving to be more sensitive to changes in precipitation timing than to increased precipitation amounts within the desert ecosystem. Specifically, the alpha diversity of bacterial communities in the late growing season plots (L50 and L100) decreased significantly, while no significant changes were observed in the early growing season plots (E50 and E100). In contrast, fungal community composition remained relatively stable in response to changes in precipitation patterns. Predictions of bacterial community function suggested that the potential functional taxa in the bacterial community associated with the cycling of carbon and nitrogen were significantly altered in the late growing season (L50 and L100). Discussion These findings emphasize the importance of precipitation timing in regulating microbial communities and ecosystem functions in arid regions experiencing increased precipitation amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Bao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Xu
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Yu
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province, Faculty of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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Wang M, Sun X, Cao B, Chiariello NR, Docherty KM, Field CB, Gao Q, Gutknecht JLM, Guo X, He G, Hungate BA, Lei J, Niboyet A, Le Roux X, Shi Z, Shu W, Yuan M, Zhou J, Yang Y. Long-term elevated precipitation induces grassland soil carbon loss via microbe-plant-soil interplay. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:5429-5444. [PMID: 37317051 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Global climate models predict that the frequency and intensity of precipitation events will increase in many regions across the world. However, the biosphere-climate feedback to elevated precipitation (eP) remains elusive. Here, we report a study on one of the longest field experiments assessing the effects of eP, alone or in combination with other climate change drivers such as elevated CO2 (eCO2 ), warming and nitrogen deposition. Soil total carbon (C) decreased after a decade of eP treatment, while plant root production decreased after 2 years. To explain this asynchrony, we found that the relative abundances of fungal genes associated with chitin and protein degradation increased and were positively correlated with bacteriophage genes, suggesting a potential viral shunt in C degradation. In addition, eP increased the relative abundances of microbial stress tolerance genes, which are essential for coping with environmental stressors. Microbial responses to eP were phylogenetically conserved. The effects of eP on soil total C, root production, and microbes were interactively affected by eCO2 . Collectively, we demonstrate that long-term eP induces soil C loss, owing to changes in microbial community composition, functional traits, root production, and soil moisture. Our study unveils an important, previously unknown biosphere-climate feedback in Mediterranean-type water-limited ecosystems, namely how eP induces soil C loss via microbe-plant-soil interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Baichuan Cao
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nona R Chiariello
- Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kathryn M Docherty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher B Field
- Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Qun Gao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jessica L M Gutknecht
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xue Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Genhe He
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Red Soil Hilly Region of Jiangxi Province, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Bruce A Hungate
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Jiesi Lei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Audrey Niboyet
- Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, UPEC, Paris, France
- AgroParisTech, Palaiseau, France
| | - Xavier Le Roux
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, INRAE, CNRS, VetAgroSup, UMR INRAE 1418, UMR CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Zhou Shi
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Wensheng Shu
- Institute of Ecological Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Yuan
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Genomics, Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- School of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
- School of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Wei X, Han B, Wu B, Shao X, Qian Y. Stronger effects of simultaneous warming and precipitation increase than the individual factor on soil bacterial community composition and assembly processes in an alpine grassland. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237850. [PMID: 37720152 PMCID: PMC10502225 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Composition and traits of soil microbial communities that closely related to their ecological functions received extensive attention in the context of climate changes. We investigated the responses of soil bacterial community structure, traits, and functional genes to the individual warming, precipitation increases, and the combination of warming and precipitation increases in an alpine grassland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that is experiencing warming and wetting climate change. Soil properties, plant diversity and biomass were measured, and the ecological processes and environmental factors driving bacterial community changes were further explored. Results indicated that the Shannon diversity of soil bacterial communities decreased significantly only under the combination treatment, which might due to the decreased plant diversity. Soil bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with soil pH, and was affected obviously by the combination treatment. At the taxonomic classification, the relative abundance of Xanthobacteraceae and Beijerinckiaceae increased 127.67 and 107.62%, while the relative abundance of Rubrobacteriaceae and Micromonosporaceae decreased 78.29 and 54.72% under the combination treatment. Functional genes related to nitrogen and phosphorus transformation were enhanced in the combination treatment. Furthermore, weighted mean ribosomal operon copy numbers that positively correlated with plant aboveground biomass increased remarkably in the combination treatment, indicating a trend of life-history strategies shift from oligotrophic to copiotrophic. Stochastic processes dominated soil bacterial community, and the proportion of stochasticity increased under the combination treatment. Our study highlights the significant effects of simultaneous warming and precipitation increase on soil bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wei
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xinqing Shao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Qian
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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27
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Liu Z, Peng T, Ma S, Qi C, Song Y, Zhang C, Li K, Gao N, Pu M, Wang X, Bi Y, Na X. Potential benefits and risks of solar photovoltaic power plants on arid and semi-arid ecosystems: an assessment of soil microbial and plant communities. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1190650. [PMID: 37588884 PMCID: PMC10427150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1190650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exponential increase in photovoltaic installations arouses concerns regarding the impacts of large-scale solar power plants on dryland ecosystems. While the effects of photovoltaic panels on soil moisture content and plant biomass in arid ecosystems have been recognized, little is known about their influence on soil microbial communities. Here, we employed a combination of quantitative PCR, high-throughput sequencing, and soil property analysis to investigate the responses of soil microbial communities to solar panel installation. We also report on the responses of plant communities within the same solar farm. Our findings showed that soil microbial communities responded differently to the shading and precipitation-alternation effects of the photovoltaic panels in an arid ecosystem. By redirecting rainwater to the lower side, photovoltaic panels stimulated vegetation biomass and soil total organic carbon content in the middle and in front of the panels, positively contributing to carbon storage. The shade provided by the panels promoted the co-occurrence of soil microbes but inhibited the abundance of 16S rRNA gene in the soil. Increase in precipitation reduced 18S rRNA gene abundance, whereas decrease in precipitation led to decline in plant aboveground biomass, soil prokaryotic community alpha diversity, and dehydrogenase activity under the panels. These findings highlight the crucial role of precipitation in maintaining plant and soil microbial diversities in dryland ecosystems and are essential for estimating the potential risks of large-scale solar power plants on local and global climate change in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tong Peng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shaolan Ma
- No. 1 Middle School of Penyang, Guyuan, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Song
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuanji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kaile Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meiyun Pu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yurong Bi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Na
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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28
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Martinez L, Wu S, Baur L, Patton MT, Owen-Smith P, Collins SL, Rudgers JA. Soil nematode assemblages respond to interacting environmental changes. Oecologia 2023:10.1007/s00442-023-05412-y. [PMID: 37368022 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Multi-factor experiments suggest that interactions among environmental changes commonly influence biodiversity and community composition. However, most field experiments manipulate only single factors. Soil food webs are critical to ecosystem health and may be particularly sensitive to interactions among environmental changes that include soil warming, eutrophication, and altered precipitation. Here, we asked how environmental changes interacted to alter soil nematode communities in a northern Chihuahuan Desert grassland. Factorial manipulations of nitrogen, winter rainfall, and nighttime warming matched predictions for regional environmental change. Warming reduced nematode diversity by 25% and genus-level richness by 32%, but declines dissipated with additional winter rain, suggesting that warming effects occurred via drying. Interactions between precipitation and nitrogen also altered nematode community composition, but only weakly affected total nematode abundance, indicating that most change involved reordering of species abundances. Specifically, under ambient precipitation, nitrogen fertilizer reduced bacterivores by 68% and herbivores by 73%, but did not affect fungivores. In contrast, under winter rain addition, nitrogen fertilization increased bacterivores by 95%, did not affect herbivores, and doubled fungivore abundance. Rain can reduce soil nitrogen availability and increase turnover in the microbial loop, potentially promoting the recovery of nematode populations overwhelmed by nitrogen eutrophication. Nematode communities were not tightly coupled to plant community composition and may instead track microbes, including biocrusts or decomposers. Our results highlight the importance of interactions among environmental change stressors for shaping the composition and function of soil food webs in drylands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martinez
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Shuqi Wu
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Lauren Baur
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Mariah T Patton
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Paul Owen-Smith
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Scott L Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jennifer A Rudgers
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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29
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Hu J, Du M, Chen J, Tie L, Zhou S, Buckeridge KM, Cornelissen JHC, Huang C, Kuzyakov Y. Microbial necromass under global change and implications for soil organic matter. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:3503-3515. [PMID: 36934319 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial necromass is an important source and component of soil organic matter (SOM), especially within the most stable pools. Global change factors such as anthropogenic nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) inputs, climate warming, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (eCO2 ), and periodic precipitation reduction (drought) strongly affect soil microorganisms and consequently, influence microbial necromass formation. The impacts of these global change factors on microbial necromass are poorly understood despite their critical role in the cycling and sequestration of soil carbon (C) and nutrients. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to reveal general patterns of the effects of nutrient addition, warming, eCO2 , and drought on amino sugars (biomarkers of microbial necromass) in soils under croplands, forests, and grasslands. Nitrogen addition combined with P and K increased the content of fungal (+21%), bacterial (+22%), and total amino sugars (+9%), consequently leading to increased SOM formation. Nitrogen addition alone increased solely bacterial necromass (+10%) because the decrease of N limitation stimulated bacterial more than fungal growth. Warming increased bacterial necromass, because bacteria have competitive advantages at high temperatures compared to fungi. Other global change factors (P and NP addition, eCO2 , and drought) had minor effects on microbial necromass because of: (i) compensation of the impacts by opposite processes, and (ii) the short duration of experiments compared to the slow microbial necromass turnover. Future studies should focus on: (i) the stronger response of bacterial necromass to N addition and warming compared to that of fungi, and (ii) the increased microbial necromass contribution to SOM accumulation and stability under NPK fertilization, and thereby for negative feedback to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxi Hu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Systems Ecology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meilin Du
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liehua Tie
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shixing Zhou
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - J Hans C Cornelissen
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Systems Ecology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Congde Huang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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30
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Finger-Higgens R, Bishop TBB, Belnap J, Geiger EL, Grote EE, Hoover DL, Reed SC, Duniway MC. Droughting a megadrought: Ecological consequences of a decade of experimental drought atop aridification on the Colorado Plateau. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:3364-3377. [PMID: 36919684 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Global dryland vegetation communities will likely change as ongoing drought conditions shift regional climates towards a more arid future. Additional aridification of drylands can impact plant and ground cover, biogeochemical cycles, and plant-soil feedbacks, yet how and when these crucial ecosystem components will respond to drought intensification requires further investigation. Using a long-term precipitation reduction experiment (35% reduction) conducted across the Colorado Plateau and spanning 10 years into a 20+ year regional megadrought, we explored how vegetation cover, soil conditions, and growing season nitrogen (N) availability are impacted by drying climate conditions. We observed large declines for all dominant plant functional types (C3 and C4 grasses and C3 and C4 shrubs) across measurement period, both in the drought treatment and control plots, likely due to ongoing regional megadrought conditions. In experimental drought plots, we observed less plant cover, less biological soil crust cover, warmer and drier soil conditions, and more soil resin-extractable N compared to the control plots. Observed increases in soil N availability were best explained by a negative correlation with plant cover regardless of treatment, suggesting that declines in vegetation N uptake may be driving increases in available soil N. However, in ecosystems experiencing long-term aridification, increased N availability may ultimately result in N losses if soil moisture is consistently too dry to support plant and microbial N immobilization and ecosystem recovery. These results show dramatic, worrisome declines in plant cover with long-term drought. Additionally, this study highlights that more plant cover losses are possible with further drought intensification and underscore that, in addition to large drought effects on aboveground communities, drying trends drive significant changes to critical soil resources such as N availability, all of which could have long-term ecosystem impacts for drylands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tara B B Bishop
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, USA
| | - Jayne Belnap
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, USA
| | - Erika L Geiger
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, USA
| | - Edmund E Grote
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, USA
| | - David L Hoover
- USDA-ARS Rangeland Resource and Systems Research Unit, Crops Research Laboratory, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sasha C Reed
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, USA
| | - Michael C Duniway
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, Utah, USA
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Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Li W, Liu W, Xiao N, Liu H, Wang L, Li Z, Ma J, Liu Q, Ren C, Yang G, Zhong Z, Han X. Decreased soil multifunctionality is associated with altered microbial network properties under precipitation reduction in a semiarid grassland. IMETA 2023; 2:e106. [PMID: 38868425 PMCID: PMC10989785 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Our results reveal different responses of soil multifunctionality to increased and decreased precipitation. By linking microbial network properties to soil functions, we also show that network complexity and potentially competitive interactions are key drivers of soil multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Zhenjiao Zhang
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Wenjie Li
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Weichao Liu
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Naijia Xiao
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Microbiology and Plant BiologyUniversity of OklahomaNormanOklahomaUSA
| | - Hanyu Liu
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Leyin Wang
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Zhenxia Li
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Jing Ma
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Quanyong Liu
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Chengjie Ren
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Gaihe Yang
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
| | - Zekun Zhong
- Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xinhui Han
- College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular AgricultureYanglingChina
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32
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Qu Q, Xu H, Ai Z, Wang M, Wang G, Liu G, Geissen V, Ritsema CJ, Xue S. Impacts of extreme weather events on terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycling: A global meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120996. [PMID: 36608729 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Some weather events like drought, increased precipitation, and warming exert substantial impact on the terrestrial C and N cycling. However, it remains largely unclear about the effect of extreme weather events (extreme drought, heavy rainfall, extreme heat, and extreme cold) on terrestrial C and N cycling. This study aims to analyze the responses of pools and fluxes of C and N in plants, soil, and microbes to extreme weather events by conducting a global meta-analysis of 656 pairwise observations. Results showed that extreme weather events (extreme drought, heavy rainfall, and extreme heat) decreased plant biomass and C flux, and extreme drought and heavy rainfall decreased the plant N pool and soil N flux. These results suggest that extreme weather events weaken the C and N cycling process in terrestrial ecosystems. However, this study did not determine the impact of extreme cold on ecosystem C and N cycling. Additional field experiments are needed to reveal the effects of extreme cold on global C and N cycling patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River & Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zemin Ai
- College of Geomatics, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Minggang Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Violette Geissen
- Wageningen University & Research, Soil Physics and Land Management, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Coen J Ritsema
- Wageningen University & Research, Soil Physics and Land Management, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sha Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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33
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Szabó B, Korányi D, Gallé R, Lövei GL, Bakonyi G, Batáry P. Urbanization decreases species richness, and increases abundance in dry climates whereas decreases in wet climates: A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160145. [PMID: 36395843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil invertebrates have an essential role in decomposition, nutrient turnover and soil structure formation, all of which are strongly threatened by urbanization. Sealing, compaction by trampling and pollution destroy and degrade city soils and potentially damage soil-living invertebrates. The existing literature on how urbanization affects soil invertebrates is inconsistent, presenting both negative and positive effects. Therefore, here we aimed to synthesize the effects of urbanization on soil invertebrates considering their taxonomic (Acari, Annelida, Carabidae, Collembola, Gastropoda, Isopoda, Myriapoda, Nematoda) and functional (soil living vs. soil-related; mobility) identities, as well as to examine how the overall effect is modulated by climatic conditions (total annual precipitation, annual mean ambient temperature), urban heat island effect (based on ambient temperature differences between urban and rural areas) and city population. In a systematic review using hierarchical and categorical meta-analyses, we extracted 158 effect sizes from 75 studies on abundance and 125 effect sizes from 84 studies on species richness. Invertebrate abundance showed an increase (r = 0.085), whereas species richness significantly decreased with increasing urbanization (r = -0.168). The reason behind this could be that a few generalist species can adapt well to the urban environment and achieve strongly elevated densities. The species richness of annelids (r = -0.301), springtails (r = -0.579), and snails (r = -0.233) decreased with advancing urbanization, most probably because these animals are sensitive to soil compaction and pollution, both of which are common consequences of urbanization. The temperature did not modify the effects of urbanization, but precipitation modified the effects on abundance (r = -0.457). Abundance increased with advancing urbanization in drier climates, probably because irrigation increased soil moisture, whereas it decreased in wet climates, as urban areas were drier than their surroundings. Making future cities more climate-neutral could better sustain soil biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borbála Szabó
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, 'Lendület' Landscape and Conservation Ecology, Alkotmány u. 2-4, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary.
| | - Dávid Korányi
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, 'Lendület' Landscape and Conservation Ecology, Alkotmány u. 2-4, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gallé
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, 'Lendület' Landscape and Conservation Ecology, Alkotmány u. 2-4, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Gábor L Lövei
- Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Flakkebjerg Research Centre, DK-4200 Slagelse, Denmark; ELHK-DE Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, Egyetem sq. 1., H-4030 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bakonyi
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of Zoology and Ecology, Páter K. u. 1, H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Péter Batáry
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, 'Lendület' Landscape and Conservation Ecology, Alkotmány u. 2-4, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary
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Robinson CM, Hansen LD, Xue X, Adams BJ. Temperature Response of Metabolic Activity of an Antarctic Nematode. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010109. [PMID: 36671801 PMCID: PMC9855363 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Because of climate change, the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica (MCM) have experienced an increase in the frequency and magnitude of summer pulse warming and surface ice and snow melting events. In response to these environmental changes, some nematode species in the MCM have experienced steady population declines over the last three decades, but Plectus murrayi, a mesophilic nematode species, has responded with a steady increase in range and abundance. To determine how P. murrayi responds to increasing temperatures, we measured metabolic heat and CO2 production rates and calculated O2 consumption rates as a function of temperature at 5 °C intervals from 5 to 50 °C. Heat, CO2 production, and O2 consumption rates increase approximately exponentially up to 40 °C, a temperature never experienced in their polar habitat. Metabolic rates decline rapidly above 40 °C and are irreversibly lost at 50 °C due to thermal stress and mortality. Caenorhabditis elegans, a much more widespread nematode that is found in more temperate environments reaches peak metabolic heat rate at just 27 °C, above which it experiences high mortality due to thermal stress. At temperatures from 10 to 40 °C, P. murrayi produces about 6 times more CO2 than the O2 it consumes, a respiratory quotient indicative of either acetogenesis or de novo lipogenesis. No potential acetogenic microbes were identified in the P. murrayi microbiome, suggesting that P. murrayi is producing increased CO2 as a byproduct of de novo lipogenesis. This phenomenon, in conjunction with increased summer temperatures in their polar habitat, will likely lead to increased demand for carbon and subsequent increases in CO2 production, population abundance, and range expansion. If such changes are not concomitant with increased carbon inputs, we predict the MCM soil ecosystems will experience dramatic declines in functional and taxonomic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Michael Robinson
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(385)-216-7228
| | - Lee D. Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Xia Xue
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Byron J. Adams
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Xie M, Li L, Liu B, Liu Y, Wan Q. Responses of terrestrial ecosystem productivity and community structure to intra-annual precipitation patterns: A meta-analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1088202. [PMID: 36699850 PMCID: PMC9868929 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1088202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The productivity and community structures of terrestrial ecosystems are regulated by total precipitation amount and intra-annual precipitation patterns, which have been altered by climate change. The timing and sizes of precipitation events are the two key factors of intra-annual precipitation patterns and potentially drive ecosystem function by influencing soil moisture. However, the generalizable patterns of how intra-annual precipitation patterns affect the productivity and community structures of ecosystems remain unclear. METHODS We synthesized 633 observations from 17 studies and conducted a global meta-analysis to investigate the influences of intra-annual precipitation patterns on the productivity and community structures of terrestrial ecosystems. By classifying intra-annual precipitation patterns, we also assess the importance of the magnitude and timing of precipitation events on plant productivity. RESULTS Our results showed that the intra-annual precipitation patterns decreased diversity by 6.3% but increased belowground net primary productivity, richness, and relative abundance by 16.8%, 10.5%, and 45.0%, respectively. Notably, we found that the timing uniformity of precipitation events was more important for plant productivity, while the plant community structure benefited from the increased precipitation variability. In addition, the relationship between plant productivity and community structure and soil moisture dynamic response was more consistent with the nonlinear model. COMCLUSIONS The patterns of the responses of plant productivity and community structure to altered intra-annual precipitation patterns were revealed, and the importance of the timing uniformity of precipitation events to the functioning of production systems was highlighted, which is essential to enhancing understanding of the structures and functions of ecosystems subjected to altered precipitation patterns and predicting their changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Bristol D, Hassan K, Blankinship JC, Nielsen UN. Responses of nematode abundances to increased and reduced rainfall under field conditions: A meta‐analysis. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Bristol
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia
| | - Kamrul Hassan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia
- Department of Entomology Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh
| | | | - Uffe N. Nielsen
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia
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Liu Y, Ding C, Li X, Su D, He J. Biotic interactions contribute more than environmental factors and geographic distance to biogeographic patterns of soil prokaryotic and fungal communities. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1134440. [PMID: 36970675 PMCID: PMC10034001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1134440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown distinct soil microbial assembly patterns across taxonomic types, habitat types and regions, but little is known about which factors play a dominant role in soil microbial communities. To bridge this gap, we compared the differences in microbial diversity and community composition across two taxonomic types (prokaryotes and fungi), two habitat types (Artemisia and Poaceae) and three geographic regions in the arid ecosystem of northwest China. To determine the main driving factors shaping the prokaryotic and fungal community assembly, we carried out diverse analyses including null model, partial mantel test and variance partitioning analysis etc. The findings suggested that the processes of community assembly were more diverse among taxonomic categories in comparison to habitats or geographical regions. The predominant driving factor of soil microbial community assembly in arid ecosystem was biotic interactions between microorganisms, followed by environmental filtering and dispersal limitation. Network vertex, positive cohesion and negative cohesion showed the most significant correlations with prokaryotic and fungal diversity and community dissimilarity. Salinity was the major environmental variable structuring the prokaryotic community. Although prokaryotic and fungal communities were jointly regulated by the three factors, the effects of biotic interactions and environmental variables (both are deterministic processes) on the community structure of prokaryotes were stronger than that of fungi. The null model revealed that prokaryotic community assembly was more deterministic, whereas fungal community assembly was structured by stochastic processes. Taken together, these findings unravel the predominant drivers governing microbial community assembly across taxonomic types, habitat types and geographic regions and highlight the impacts of biotic interactions on disentangling soil microbial assembly mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Grassland, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxiang Ding
- Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xingfu Li
- Industry Development and Planning Institute, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Derong Su
- College of Grassland, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Derong Su,
| | - Jing He
- College of Grassland, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Jing He,
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Legesse TG, Qu L, Dong G, Dong X, Ge T, Daba NA, Tadesse KA, Sorecha EM, Tong Q, Yan Y, Chen B, Xin X, Changliang S. Extreme wet precipitation and mowing stimulate soil respiration in the Eurasian meadow steppe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158130. [PMID: 35995168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The imbalance of terrestrial carbon (C) inputs versus losses to extreme precipitation can have consequences for ecosystem carbon balances. However, the current understanding of how ecosystem processes will respond to predicted extreme dry and wet years is limited. The current study was conducted for three years field experiment to examine the effects of environmental variables and soil microbes on soil respiration (Rs), autotrophic respiration (Ra) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) under extreme wet and dry conditions in mowed and unmowed grassland of Inner Mongolia. Across treatments (i.e. control, dry spring, wet spring, dry summer and wet summer), the mean of Rs was increased by 24.9 % and 24.1 % in the wet spring and wet summer precipitation treatments, respectively in mowed grassland. In other hand, the mean of Rs was decreased by -22.1 % and -3.5 % in dry spring and dry summer precipitation treatments, respectively in mowed grassland. The relative contribution of Rh and Ra to Rs showed a significant (p < 0.05) change among simulated precipitation treatments with the highest value (76.18 %) in wet summer and 26.41 % in dry summer, respectively under mowed grassland. Rs was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by the interactive effect of extreme precipitation and mowing treatments in 2020 and 2021. The effects of precipitation change via these biotic and abiotic factors explained by 52 % and 81 % in Ra and Rh, respectively in mowed grassland. The changes in microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) had significant (p < 0.05) direct effects on Rh in both mowed and unmowed grasslands. The influence of biotic and abiotic factors on Rs was stronger in mowed grasslands with higher standardized regression weights than in unmowed grassland (0.78 vs. 0.69). These findings highlight the importance of incorporating extreme precipitation events and mowing in regulating the responses of C cycling to global change in the semiarid Eurasian meadow steppe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Gemechu Legesse
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Luping Qu
- Forest Ecology Stable Isotope Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Gang Dong
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaobing Dong
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tida Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Nano Alemu Daba
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kiya Adare Tadesse
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Eba Muluneh Sorecha
- State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Tong
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuchun Yan
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Baorui Chen
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoping Xin
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shao Changliang
- National Hulunbuir Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station & Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Guo C, Wesche K, Mărgărint MC, Nowak A, Dembicz I, Wu J. Climate overrides fencing and soil mineral nutrients to affect plant diversity and biomass of alpine grasslands across North Tibet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1024954. [PMID: 36570963 PMCID: PMC9773210 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1024954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overgrazing and warming are thought to be responsible for the loss of species diversity, declined ecosystem productivity and soil nutrient availability of degraded grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. Mineral elements in soils critically regulate plant individual's growth, performance, reproduction, and survival. However, it is still unclear whether plant species diversity and biomass production can be improved indirectly via the recovery of mineral element availability at topsoils of degraded grasslands, via grazing exclusion by fencing for years. METHODS To answer this question, we measured plant species richness, Shannow-Wiener index, aboveground biomass, and mineral element contents of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, K and P at the top-layer (0 - 10 cm) soils at 15 pairs of fenced vs grazed matched sites from alpine meadows (n = 5), alpine steppes (n = 6), and desert-steppes (n = 4) across North Tibet. RESULTS Our results showed that fencing only reduced the Shannon-Wiener index of alpine meadows, and did not alter aboveground biomass, species richness, and soil mineral contents within each grassland type, compared to adjacent open sites grazed by domestic livestock. Aboveground biomass first decreased and then increased along with the gradient of increasing Ca content but did not show any clear relationship with other mineral elements across the three different alpine grassland types. More than 45% of the variance in plant diversity indices and aboveground biomass across North Tibet can be explained by the sum precipitation during plant growing months. Structural equation modelling also confirmed that climatic variables could regulate biomass production directly and indirectly via soil mineral element (Ca) and plant diversity indices. DISCUSSION Overall, the community structure and biomass production of alpine grasslands across North Tibet was weakly affected by fencing, compared to the robst climatic control. Therefore, medium-term livestock exclusion by fencing might have limited contribution to the recovery of ecosystem structure and functions of degraded alpine grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrui Guo
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Karsten Wesche
- Department of Botany, Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Görlitz, Germany
- International Institute (IHI) Zittau, Technische Universität Dresden, Zittau, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mihai Ciprian Mărgărint
- Department of Geography, Geography and Geology Faculty, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Arkadiusz Nowak
- Botanical Garden Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Iwona Dembicz
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jianshuang Wu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Geography, Geography and Geology Faculty, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
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Zhou H, Hou L, Lv X, Yang G, Wang Y, Wang X. Compensatory growth as a response to post-drought in grassland. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1004553. [PMID: 36531403 PMCID: PMC9752846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1004553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grasslands are structurally and functionally controlled by water availability. Ongoing global change is threatening the sustainability of grassland ecosystems through chronic alterations in climate patterns and resource availability, as well as by the increasing frequency and intensity of anthropogenic perturbations. Compared with many studies on how grassland ecosystems respond during drought, there are far fewer studies focused on grassland dynamics after drought. Compensatory growth, as the ability of plants to offset the adverse effects of environmental or anthropogenic perturbations, is a common phenomenon in grassland. However, compensatory growth induced by drought and its underlying mechanism across grasslands remains not clear. In this review, we provide examples of analogous compensatory growth from different grassland types across drought characteristics (intensity, timing, and duration) and explain the effect of resource availability on compensatory growth and their underlying mechanisms. Based on our review of the literature, a hypothetic framework for integrating plant, root, and microbial responses is also proposed to increase our understanding of compensatory growth after drought. This research will advance our understanding of the mechanisms of grassland ecosystem functioning in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huailin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Hou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Teacher Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Romanowicz KJ, Kling GW. Summer thaw duration is a strong predictor of the soil microbiome and its response to permafrost thaw in arctic tundra. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:6220-6237. [PMID: 36135820 PMCID: PMC10092252 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming has increased permafrost thaw in arctic tundra and extended the duration of annual thaw (number of thaw days in summer) along soil profiles. Predicting the microbial response to permafrost thaw depends largely on knowing how increased thaw duration affects the composition of the soil microbiome. Here, we determined soil microbiome composition from the annually thawed surface active layer down through permafrost from two tundra types at each of three sites on the North Slope of Alaska, USA. Variations in soil microbial taxa were found between sites up to ~90 km apart, between tundra types, and between soil depths. Microbiome differences at a site were greatest across transitions from thawed to permafrost depths. Results from correlation analysis based on multi-decadal thaw surveys show that differences in thaw duration by depth were significantly, positively correlated with the abundance of dominant taxa in the active layer and negatively correlated with dominant taxa in the permafrost. Microbiome composition within the transition zone was statistically similar to that in the permafrost, indicating that recent decades of intermittent thaw have not yet induced a shift from permafrost to active-layer microbes. We suggest that thaw duration rather than thaw frequency has a greater impact on the composition of microbial taxa within arctic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl J Romanowicz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - George W Kling
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Yan Z, Kang E, Zhang K, Hao Y, Wang X, Li Y, Li M, Wu H, Zhang X, Yan L, Zhang W, Li J, Yang A, Niu Y, Kang X. Asynchronous responses of microbial CAZymes genes and the net CO 2 exchange in alpine peatland following 5 years of continuous extreme drought events. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:115. [PMID: 37938678 PMCID: PMC9723601 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-022-00200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands act as an important sink of carbon dioxide (CO2). Yet, they are highly sensitive to climate change, especially to extreme drought. The changes in the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) under extreme drought events, and the driving function of microbial enzymatic genes involved in soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, are still unclear. Herein we investigated the effects of extreme drought events in different periods of plant growth season at Zoige peatland on NEE and microbial enzymatic genes of SOM decomposition after 5 years. The results showed that the NEE of peatland decreased significantly by 48% and 26% on average (n = 12, P < 0.05) under the early and midterm extreme drought, respectively. The microbial enzymatic genes abundance of SOM decomposition showed the same decreasing trend under early and midterm extreme drought, but an increasing trend under late extreme drought. The microbial community that contributes to these degradation genes mainly derives from Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. NEE was mainly affected by soil hydrothermal factors and gross primary productivity but weakly correlated with SOM enzymatic decomposition genes. Soil microbial respiration showed a positive correlation with microbial enzymatic genes involved in the decomposition of labile carbon (n = 18, P < 0.05). This study provided new insights into the responses of the microbial decomposition potential of SOM and ecosystem CO2 sink function to extreme drought events in the alpine peatland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Yan
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Enze Kang
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Kerou Zhang
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbin Hao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Wu
- Information Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Wantong Zhang
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Ao Yang
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China
| | - Yuechuan Niu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Kang
- Wetland Research Center, Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 100091, Beijing, China.
- Sichuan Zoige Wetland Ecosystem Research Station, Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Aba, Ngawa, 624500, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, 100091, Beijing, China.
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Wu Q, Yue K, Ma Y, Heděnec P, Cai Y, Chen J, Zhang H, Shao J, Chang SX, Li Y. Contrasting effects of altered precipitation regimes on soil nitrogen cycling at the global scale. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:6679-6695. [PMID: 36002993 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in precipitation regimes can strongly affect soil nitrogen (N) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, whether altered precipitation regimes may differentially affect soil N cycling between arid and humid biomes at the global scale is unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis using 1036 pairwise observations collected from 194 publications to assess the effects of increased and decreased precipitation on the input (N return from plants), storage (various forms of N in soil), and output (gaseous N emissions) of soil N in arid versus humid biomes at the global scale. We found that (1) increased precipitation significantly increased N input (+12.1%) and output (+34.9%) but decreased N storage (-13.7%), while decreased precipitation significantly decreased N input (-10.7%) and output (-34.8%) but increased N storage (+11.1%); (2) the sensitivity of soil N cycling to increased precipitation was higher in arid regions than in humid regions, while that to decreased precipitation was lower in arid regions than in humid regions; (3) the effect of altered precipitation regimes on soil N cycling was independent of precipitation type (i.e., rainfall vs. snowfall); and (4) the mean annual precipitation regulated soil N cycling in precipitation alteration experiments at the global scale. Overall, our results clearly show that the response of soil N cycling to increased versus decreased precipitation differs between arid and humid regions, indicating the uneven effect of climate change on soil N cycling between these two contrasting climate regions. This implies that ecosystem models need to consider the differential responses of N cycling to altered precipitation regimes in different climatic conditions under future global change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Yue
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuandan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Petr Heděnec
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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44
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Li X, Yan Y, Lu X, Fu L, Liu Y. Responses of soil bacterial communities to precipitation change in the semi-arid alpine grassland of Northern Tibet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1036369. [PMID: 36325540 PMCID: PMC9619073 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1036369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A change in precipitation can profoundly change the structure of soil microbial communities, especially in arid and semi-arid areas which are limited by moisture conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to explore how soil bacterial community composition and diversity will respond to variation in precipitation. Here we conducted a precipitation control experiment to simulate precipitation change by reducing and increasing rainfall by 25%, 50%, and 75% in the alpine grasslands of northern Tibet. The composition, diversity, and species interaction network of soil microbial community were studied by high-throughput sequencing, and the relationship between microbial community species and soil environmental factors was analyzed. Our results showed that Proteobacteria (45%-52%) and Actinobacteria (37%-45%) were the dominant bacteria in the soil. The alpha diversity index based on Shannon, Chao1, and Simpson indices revealed that precipitation change had no significant effect on richness and evenness of soil microbial communities. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed that a clear separation of soil microbial communities between D2(-50%),D3(-75%) and W2(+50%), W3(+75%) treatments. The microbial interaction network indicated that the water-increasing treatment group had closer connections, and Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes were the core species. Furthermore, there was a stronger positive correlation between species in the water-reducing treatment group, the contribution of Proteobacteria decreased significantly, the role of connecting hub decreased, and Actinomycetes became the most important core microbial species. In addition, soil water content (SWC) and available phosphorus (AP) were closely related to the variations in soil microbial compositions. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the driving mechanism of global climate change on soil microbial community and grassland ecosystem in alpine grassland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijiao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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45
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Ouverson T, Boss D, Eberly J, Seipel T, Menalled FD, Ishaq SL. Soil bacterial community response to cover crops, cover crop termination, and predicted climate conditions in a dryland cropping system. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.911199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial communities are integral to highly complex soil environments, responding to changes in aboveground plant biodiversity, influencing physical soil structure, driving nutrient cycling, and promoting both plant growth and disease suppression. Cover crops can improve soil health, but little is known about their effects on soil microbial community composition in semiarid cropping systems, which are rapidly becoming warmer and drier due to climate change. This study focused on a wheat-cover crop rotation near Havre, Montana that tested two cover crop mixtures (five species planted early season and seven species planted mid-season) with three different termination methods (chemical, grazed, or hayed and baled) against a fallow control under ambient or induced warmer/drier conditions. Soil samples from the 2018 and 2019 cover crop/fallow phases were collected for bacterial community 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The presence and composition of cover crops affected evenness and community composition. Bacterial communities in the 2018 ambient mid-season cover crops, warmer/drier mid-season cover crops, and ambient early season cover crops had greater richness and diversity than those in the warmer/drier early season cover crops. Soil microbial communities from mid-season cover crops were distinct from the early season cover crops and fallow. No treatments affected bacterial alpha or beta diversity in 2019, which could be attributed to high rainfall. Results indicate that cover crop mixtures including species tolerant to warmer and drier conditions can foster diverse soil bacterial communities compared to fallow soils.
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46
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Li FF, Lu HL, Wang GQ, Yao ZY, Li Q, Qiu J. Zoning of precipitation regimes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas responded by the vegetation distribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155844. [PMID: 35561909 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compared with other factors influencing vegetation patterns, such as light and temperature, precipitation has relatively large variability, especially on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), where the natural environment is extremely fragile and sensitive. However, the impact of precipitation regimes, rather than precipitation amount, on vegetation has seldom been revealed. This study characterised the precipitation regimes by both the amount and temporal distribution of precipitation and zoned the QTP as different precipitation regimes accordingly. The response of vegetation to such precipitation regimes was then investigated. The results indicate that the vegetation patterns are quite consistent with zoning, that is, there is a certain type or a few dominant types of vegetation in each sub-region divided by the precipitation regimes. The areas where the precipitation became more uniform within a year were concentrated in grassland and bare land, which benefits the restoration and improvement of the ecological environment of the plateau. The increase in precipitation variability in the south-eastern part of the plateau may lead to natural disasters such as floods and mudslides. This study provides a novel perspective to understand the distribution of vegetation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Li
- College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hou-Liang Lu
- College of Water Resources & Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guang-Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience & Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhan-Yu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Cloud Physics of CMA, China Meteorological Administration Weather Modification Center, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience & Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
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47
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García‐Velázquez L, Gallardo A, Ochoa V, Gozalo B, Lázaro R, Maestre FT. Biocrusts increase the resistance to warming-induced increases in topsoil P pools. THE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2022; 110:2074-2087. [PMID: 36250131 PMCID: PMC9541718 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing global warming and alterations in rainfall patterns driven by climate change are known to have large impacts on biogeochemical cycles, particularly on drylands. In addition, the global increase in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can destabilize primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems, and phosphorus (P) may become the most limiting nutrient in many terrestrial ecosystems. However, the impacts of climate change on soil P pools in drylands remain poorly understood. Furthermore, it is unknown whether biocrusts, a major biotic component of drylands worldwide, modulate such impacts.Here we used two long-term (8-10 years) experiments conducted in Central (Aranjuez) and SE (Sorbas) Spain to test how a ~2.5°C warming, a ~30% rainfall reduction and biocrust cover affected topsoil (0-1 cm) P pools (non-occluded P, organic P, calcium bound P, occluded P and total P).Warming significantly increased most P pools-except occluded P-in Aranjuez, whereas only augmented non-occluded P in Sorbas. The rainfall reduction treatment had no effect on the soil P pools at any experimental site. Biocrusts increased most soil P pools and conferred resistance to simulated warming for major P pools at both sites, and to rainfall reduction for non-occluded and occluded P in Aranjuez. Synthesis. Our findings provide novel insights on the responses of soil P pools to warming and rainfall reduction, and highlight the importance of biocrusts as modulators of these responses in dryland ecosystems. Our results suggest that the observed negative impacts of warming on dryland biocrust communities will decrease their capacity to buffer changes in topsoil P driven by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García‐Velázquez
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y NaturalesUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevillaSpain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef”Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Antonio Gallardo
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y NaturalesUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevillaSpain
- Unidad Asociada CSIC‐UPO (BioFun), Universidad Pablo de OlavideSevillaSpain
| | - Victoria Ochoa
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef”Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Beatriz Gozalo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef”Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Roberto Lázaro
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas (CSIC), Carretera de SacramentoAlmeríaSpain
| | - Fernando T. Maestre
- Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio “Ramón Margalef”Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
- Departamento de EcologíaUniversidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain
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48
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Li W, Xie L, Zhao C, Hu X, Yin C. Nitrogen Fertilization Increases Soil Microbial Biomass and Alters Microbial Composition Especially Under Low Soil Water Availability. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022:10.1007/s00248-022-02103-8. [PMID: 36044056 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial biomass and composition are affected by resource supply and water availability. However, the response of soil microbial communities to nitrogen fertilization under different water availability conditions is unclear. Therefore, this study conducted a 6-year pot experiment comprising five watering regimes (40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of field capacity (FC)) and three nitrogen fertilization levels (NH4NO3 solution; 0 [N0], 20 [N1], and 40 [N2] g N m-2 year-1) to investigate soil microbial biomass, composition, and properties. The results indicated that soil microbial biomass and composition were more strongly affected by nitrogen fertilization compared with water regime. Nitrogen fertilization increased soil microbial biomass and altered soil microbial community composition, especially under low soil water availability. Soil microbial biomass was positively linearly associated with soil water regimes under N0, whereas it responded polynomially to soil water regimes under N1 and N2. The maximal soil microbial biomass was observed at FC80 for N1 and FC60 for N2. Furthermore, the biomass of soil microbial groups with high nitrogen and carbon acquisition ability as well as the enzyme activities of carbon and nitrogen cycling (β-1,4-glucosidase and β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, respectively) were stimulated by nitrogen fertilization. Soil microbial biomass was affected directly by nitrogen fertilization and indirectly by nitrogen and water regimes, via altering soil pH, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (NH4+-N and NO3--N) concentration, and soil organic carbon concentration. This study provides new insights into the effect of interaction between soil nitrogen and water availabilities on soil microbial biomass, composition, and its underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunzhang Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 416, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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49
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Grünzweig JM, De Boeck HJ, Rey A, Santos MJ, Adam O, Bahn M, Belnap J, Deckmyn G, Dekker SC, Flores O, Gliksman D, Helman D, Hultine KR, Liu L, Meron E, Michael Y, Sheffer E, Throop HL, Tzuk O, Yakir D. Dryland mechanisms could widely control ecosystem functioning in a drier and warmer world. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:1064-1076. [PMID: 35879539 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01779-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Responses of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change have been explored in many regions worldwide. While continued drying and warming may alter process rates and deteriorate the state and performance of ecosystems, it could also lead to more fundamental changes in the mechanisms governing ecosystem functioning. Here we argue that climate change will induce unprecedented shifts in these mechanisms in historically wetter climatic zones, towards mechanisms currently prevalent in dry regions, which we refer to as 'dryland mechanisms'. We discuss 12 dryland mechanisms affecting multiple processes of ecosystem functioning, including vegetation development, water flow, energy budget, carbon and nutrient cycling, plant production and organic matter decomposition. We then examine mostly rare examples of the operation of these mechanisms in non-dryland regions where they have been considered irrelevant at present. Current and future climate trends could force microclimatic conditions across thresholds and lead to the emergence of dryland mechanisms and their increasing control over ecosystem functioning in many biomes on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Grünzweig
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Hans J De Boeck
- Plants and Ecosystems, Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ana Rey
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural History, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria J Santos
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ori Adam
- The Fredy and Nadine Herrmann Institute of Earth Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jayne Belnap
- US Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Moab, UT, USA
| | - Gaby Deckmyn
- Plants and Ecosystems, Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Stefan C Dekker
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Omar Flores
- Plants and Ecosystems, Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen, Wilrijk, Belgium.,Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural History, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Gliksman
- Institute for Hydrology and Meteorology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany.,Institute of Geography, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - David Helman
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.,Advanced School for Environmental Studies, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kevin R Hultine
- Department of Research, Conservation and Collections, Desert Botanical Garden, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Lingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, China
| | - Ehud Meron
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Department of Solar Energy and Environmental Physics, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel
| | - Yaron Michael
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Efrat Sheffer
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Heather L Throop
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Omer Tzuk
- Department of Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Dan Yakir
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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50
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Peng Y, Peñuelas J, Vesterdal L, Yue K, Peguero G, Fornara DA, Heděnec P, Steffens C, Wu F. Responses of soil fauna communities to the individual and combined effects of multiple global change factors. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:1961-1973. [PMID: 35875902 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Soil fauna plays a key role in regulating biogeochemical cycles, but how multiple global change factors (GCFs) may affect faunal communities remains poorly studied. We conducted a meta-analysis using 1154 observations to evaluate the individual and combined effects of elevated CO2 , nitrogen (N) addition, warming, increased rainfall and drought on soil fauna density and diversity. Here we show that, overall, individual and combined effects of GCFs had negligible effects on soil fauna density and diversity, except that density was negatively affected by drought (-27.4%) and positively affected by increased rainfall individually (+24.9%) and in combination with N addition (+67.3%) or warming (+70.4%). GCF effects varied among taxonomic groups both in magnitude and direction. Variables such as latitude, elevation and experimental setting significantly impacted both individual and combined effects. Our results suggest that soil fauna density is affected by changed rainfall regimes, while diversity is resistant against individual and combined effects of multiple GCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Peng
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CREAF, E08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, E08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lars Vesterdal
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Kai Yue
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guille Peguero
- CREAF, E08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, E08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dario A Fornara
- Davines Group, Rodale Institute European Regenerative Organic Center (EROC), Parma, Italy
| | - Petr Heděnec
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Christina Steffens
- Institute of Soil Science, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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