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Gamboa S, Galván S, Varela S. Vrba was right: Historical climate fragmentation, and not current climate, explains mammal biogeography. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17339. [PMID: 38804193 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Climate plays a crucial role in shaping species distribution and evolution over time. Dr Vrba's Resource-Use hypothesis posited that zones at the extremes of temperature and precipitation conditions should host a greater number of climate specialist species than other zones because of higher historical fragmentation. Here, we tested this hypothesis by examining climate-induced fragmentation over the past 5 million years. Our findings revealed that, as stated by Vrba, the number of climate specialist species increases with historical regional climate fragmentation, whereas climate generalist species richness decreases. This relationship is approximately 40% stronger than the correlation between current climate and species richness for climate specialist species and 77% stronger for generalist species. These evidences suggest that the effect of climate historical fragmentation is more significant than that of current climate conditions in explaining mammal biogeography. These results provide empirical support for the role of historical climate fragmentation and physiography in shaping the distribution and evolution of life on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gamboa
- MAPASLab (L. 24) Edificio CITEXVI, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Grupo de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Galván
- MAPASLab (L. 24) Edificio CITEXVI, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Grupo de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Sara Varela
- MAPASLab (L. 24) Edificio CITEXVI, Centro de Investigación Mariña (CIM), Grupo de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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Pelegrin JS, Cantalapiedra JL, Gamboa S, Menéndez I, Hernández Fernández M. Phylogenetic biome conservatism as a key concept for an integrative understanding of evolutionary history: Galliformes and Falconiformes as study cases. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biomes are climatically and biotically distinctive macroecological units that formed over geological time scales. Their features consolidate them as ‘evolutionary scenarios’, with their own diversification dynamics. Under the concept of phylogenetic niche conservatism, we assessed, for the first time, the evolution of biome occupation in birds. We aimed to analyse patterns of adaptation to different climatic regimes and the determinant factors for colonization of emerging biomes by clades from different ancestral biomes. In this work, we reconstructed the biome occupation history of two clades of birds (Galliformes and Falconiformes) under an integrative perspective through a comprehensive review of ecological, phylogenetic, palaeontological and biogeographical evidence. Our findings for both groups are consistent with a scenario of phylogenetic biome conservatism and highlight the importance of changes in climate during the Miocene in the adaptation and evolution of climatic niches. In particular, our results indicate high biome conservatism associated with biomes situated in some of the extremes of the global climate gradient (evergreen tropical rainforest, steppe and tundra) for both bird taxa. Finally, the historical dynamics of tropical seasonal biomes, such as tropical deciduous woodlands and savannas, appear to have played a preponderant role during the diversification processes of these bird lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan S Pelegrin
- Grupo de Investigación en Ecología y Conservación de la Biodiversidad (EcoBio), Área de Biología y Programa de Maestría en Educación Ambiental y Desarrollo Sostenible, Facultades de Ciencias Básicas y Educación, Universidad Santiago de Cali , Colombia
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle , Colombia
| | - Juan L Cantalapiedra
- GloCEE – Global Change Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid ), Spain
| | - Sara Gamboa
- Departamento de Estratigrafía, Geodinámica y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid , Spain
- Departamento de Cambio Medio Ambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC) , C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid , Spain
| | - Iris Menéndez
- Departamento de Estratigrafía, Geodinámica y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid , Spain
- Departamento de Cambio Medio Ambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC) , C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid , Spain
| | - Manuel Hernández Fernández
- Departamento de Estratigrafía, Geodinámica y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid , Spain
- Departamento de Cambio Medio Ambiental, Instituto de Geociencias (UCM, CSIC) , C/ José Antonio Novais 2, 28040, Madrid , Spain
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