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Mikami R, Komagamine Y, Aoyama N, Mizutani K, Sasaki Y, Iwata T, Minakuchi S, Kanazawa M. Association between occlusal supports and nutritional status in older adults: A systematic review. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:813-827. [PMID: 38618105 PMCID: PMC11010671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Impaired masticatory performance results in nutritional deficiencies in older adults. This systematic review aims to investigate the following clinical question (CQ): Do occlusal supports impact nutritional intake or nutritional status in older individuals? Materials and methods An extensive systematic literature search was performed to summarize the currently available knowledge to address the CQ. The cohort and intervention studies with participants of ≧60 years old or a mean age of 65 years performed before May 2021 were included. Studies were required to measure the parameters related to occluding tooth pairs/occlusal units and food/nutrient intake and/or nutritional status. Bias risk was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomized Studies. Results After an independent screening of 1130 initial records, 24 reports from 22 studies were included. Participants (n = 8684) in the included studies were mainly residents of nursing homes or community-dwelling individuals. Following the assessment of bias risk, it is revealed that all studies had methodological weaknesses. Over half of the studies concluded that there was an association between occlusal support and nutritional intake or status. However, it was also revealed that various confounding factors are involved in the association between occlusal support and nutrition. Conclusion This systematic review concludes that occlusal support might be associated with nutritional intake or nutritional status in the older population, although there are methodological limitations of each study. The evidence is still insufficient, and more well-designed studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Mikami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Komagamine
- Department of Gerontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Aoyama
- Department of Periodontology, Kanagawa Dental University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sasaki
- Clinical Dental Research Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Minakuchi
- Department of Gerontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Kanazawa
- Department of Digital Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Shirobe M, Edahiro A, Motokawa K, Morishita S, Motohashi Y, Matsubara C, Iwasaki M, Watanabe Y, Hirano H. Feasibility of Oral Function Evaluation According to Dementia Severity in Older Adults with Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:992. [PMID: 38613025 PMCID: PMC11013786 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral function evaluation in older adults with dementia is important for determining appropriate and practical dietary support plans; however, it can be challenging due to their difficulties in comprehending instructions and cooperating during assessments. The feasibility of oral function evaluation has not been well studied. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the feasibility of oral function evaluation in older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to Functional Assessment Staging of Alzheimer's Disease (FAST) stages. In total, 428 older adults with AD (45 men and 383 women; mean age: 87.2 ± 6.2 years) were included. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the prevalence of participants who were unable to perform oral function evaluations, including oral diadochokinesis (ODK), repeated saliva swallow test (RSST), and modified water swallow test (MWST). In comparison to the reference category (combined FAST stage 1-3), FAST stage 7 was associated with the infeasibility of ODK (adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval = 26.7, 4.2-168.6), RSST (5.9, 2.2-16.1), and MWST (8.7, 1.6-48.5, respectively). Oral function evaluation is difficult in older adults with severe AD. Simpler and more practical swallowing function assessments and indicators that can be routinely observed are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Shirobe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Ayako Edahiro
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Keiko Motokawa
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Shiho Morishita
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
- School of Health Sciences, Meikai University, Chiba 279-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Motohashi
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Chiaki Matsubara
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
- Department of Dental Hygiene, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka Junior College, Shizuoka 422-8021, Japan
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (M.S.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (M.I.); (Y.W.); (H.H.)
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
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Janssens L, Petrauskiene E, Tsakos G, Janssens B. Clinical and Subjective Oral Health Status of Care Home Residents in Europe: A Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:1013-1019.e40. [PMID: 37105236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies demonstrated the poor oral health of care home residents in Europe but there is no systematic overview of the relevant literature. The objective of this study was to systematically review the evidence on the clinical and subjective oral health outcomes of care home residents in Europe. DESIGN The study design is a systematic review. METHODS AND PARTICIPANTS All included publications presented data on clinical and/or subjective oral health outcomes in care home residents in Europe with no restrictions for language or study design. MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL were searched, including publications from January 2010 onward. Data extraction and quality assessment (Qualsyst tool) was performed by 2 researchers independently. Findings were synthesized narratively, lack in data homogeneity restricted the relevance of a meta-analysis. RESULTS Eighty-three papers from 18 countries were included in the systematic review, with a sample size ranging from 39 to 92,827 participants. Their mean age was older than 80 years. The residents had few natural teeth, with fewer than a third a functional natural dentition. Removable dentures were present in half to 80% of residents. A high prevalence of dental caries was reported. Oral hygiene was insufficient, for both natural teeth and removable dentures. Few residents had a healthy periodontium. Clinical treatment needs were found in most residents. Perceived treatment needs were high with at least one-third of care home residents reporting a need for care due to poor oral health. A fifth to half of the residents reported negative impacts of their oral condition on their everyday lives. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This systematic review clearly highlights the poor oral health and high burden of oral conditions among care home residents across Europe, irrespective of country or health care system. There is need for substantial policy actions to improve oral health in care homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Janssens
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Gerodontology, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Egle Petrauskiene
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Tsakos
- UCL Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Janssens
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Gerodontology, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Axelsson M, Bahtsevani C, Neziraj M, Persson K, Kumlien C. A registry study of oral health problems and preventive interventions among older persons receiving municipal healthcare - PROSENIOR. Nurs Open 2023; 10:525-534. [PMID: 36631732 PMCID: PMC9834176 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim was to identify planned and completed preventive interventions among older persons with oral health problems receiving municipal health care. A further aim was to determine the correspondence between oral health problems and planned preventive interventions among older persons with oral health problems receiving municipal health care. DESIGN Cross-sectional register study. METHODS Oral health data from the Swedish national quality registry, Senior Alert, were extracted for 4,024 older persons (≥65 years) receiving municipal health care in a county in Southern Sweden. Data were statistically analysed. RESULTS A large majority of older persons (97.4%) with assessed oral health problems had at least one planned preventive intervention, and approximately three quarters of the planned interventions were completed. There seemed to be a mismatch between type of oral health problems and preventive interventions as not all older persons had a planned preventive intervention related to their specific oral health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Axelsson
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and SocietyMalmö UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Christel Bahtsevani
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and SocietyMalmö UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Merita Neziraj
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and SocietyMalmö UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Karin Persson
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and SocietyMalmö UniversityMalmöSweden
| | - Christine Kumlien
- Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and SocietyMalmö UniversityMalmöSweden
- Department of Cardio‐Thoracic and Vascular SurgerySkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
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El Osta N, Wehbe A, Sleiman N, Drancourt N, El Osta L, Hennequin M. Dental Criteria Could Alert for Malnutrition Risk and Inappropriate Choice of Food Texture in Older Subjects with Dementia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15086. [PMID: 36429816 PMCID: PMC9690132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral health indicators are usually collected to alert for the presence of infectious diseases, but the impact of poor oral health on the nutritional status of older people with dementia is often neglected. This study aims to explore the relationship between the number of posterior dental functional units (PFUs) and the anthropometric measure of malnutrition, the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), in older people with dementia while controlling for other variables, and to analyze whether the number of PFUs is considered when adjusting the texture of the food provided at mealtimes. A total of 103 individuals who were 70 years or older with dementia were recruited from seven institutions. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination. Data were collected from medical records (sociodemographic characteristics, presence of chronic diseases, prescribed medications, results of serum albumin level), as well as questionnaires (type of feeding routes, type of food texture, supplements intake, Activity of Daily Living index), clinical examinations (MUAC), and oral health parameters (PFUs, oral dryness, oral hygiene). MUAC was the dependent outcome variable. MUAC was associated with the number of PFUs (p = 0.032); participants with PFU ≤ 4 were 7.5 times more likely to have MUAC < 21 cm than others. Other associations were found between MUAC and albumin level (OR = 12.5; p = 0.001), modified food texture (OR = 4.2; p = 0.035), and length of institutional stay (OR = 5.2; p = 0.033); however, the type of oral feeding was not significantly related to the number of PFUs (p = 0.487) so there is an inadequate correlation between food texture and oral health status. Similar to MUAC, the number of PFUs could be an oral anthropometric criterion that is recorded during routine hygiene care to alert for the risk of malnutrition and the inappropriate choice of food texture in older individuals with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada El Osta
- Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Amine Wehbe
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Nelly Sleiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Noemie Drancourt
- Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lana El Osta
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut 111, Lebanon
| | - Martine Hennequin
- Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CHU of Clermont-Ferrand, Service d’Odontologie, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Jockusch J, Hahnel S, Nitschke I. Use of handgrip strength measurement as an alternative for assessing chewing function in people with dementia. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:769. [PMID: 36153477 PMCID: PMC9509657 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chewing ability and handgrip strength can be independent explanatory factors of physical fitness. The usability of measurement procedures for assessing chewing function in people with dementia seems to be limited. This study aimed to show an association between handgrip strength and chewing function to enable the use of handgrip strength measurement as an alternative for determining chewing parameters in people with dementia. Methods The data analysed here are part of the OrBiD (Oral Health, Bite Force and Dementia) pilot study. A total of 120 participants were assigned to five evaluation groups based on their cognitive abilities using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The MMSE groups in this data analysis were “no dementia” (noDem, MMSE 28–30), “mild cognitive impairment” (mCI, MMSE 25–27), and “mild dementia” (mDem, MMSE 18–24). Handgrip strength, maximum occlusal force, and chewing efficiency were measured. Results The Mini-Mental State Examination scores among all participants (n = 71) resulted in a median of 27 and a range of 18–30. An association between maximum handgrip strength and the cognitive impairment of the participants was shown. Nevertheless, the use of handgrip strength measurement as an alternative for determining chewing function was not verified in this study. Conclusions The feasibility and reliability of chewing function measurements in people with dementia should be investigated. Existing measurement procedures may need to be adapted or new assessments may need to be developed to be usable in people with dementia. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03775772.
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Tani A, Mizutani S, Oku S, Yatsugi H, Chu T, Liu X, Iyota K, Kishimoto H, Kashiwazaki H. Association between oral function and physical pre-frailty in community-dwelling older people: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:726. [PMID: 36056302 PMCID: PMC9440534 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the relationship between oral functions and the physical pre-frailty status, classified using physical function tests. This cross-sectional study aimed to clarify this association among community-dwelling older people from the Itoshima Frail Study in Itoshima Fukuoka Prefecture. METHODS Of the 1,555 individuals invited to join the study, 381 (188 males and 193 females) enrolled. Their physical pre-frailty was assessed with a classification system consisting of two physical indicators (fatigue and unintentional weight loss, determined with a questionnaire), two functional components (declined walking speed and muscle weakness, determined using a body function measuring instrument), and declined physical activity (examined using a triaxial accelerometer). Subsequently, the individuals were classified into three groups: robust, pre-frailty, and frailty. Along with the number of teeth remaining, oral functions, such as masticatory performance, tongue pressure strength, and oral diadochokinesis (ODK), were examined. Data regarding social activity and exercise habits were collected, and the individuals' body compositions were measured. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the physical pre-frailty were calculated using logistic regression models. RESULTS In this study, 126 (33%) participants presented with physical pre-frailty. The participants in the robust group were younger, had stronger maximum handgrip strength, and walked faster than those in the physical pre-frailty group (p < 0.001). The robust group presented with better oral functions (masticatory performance, p = 0.015; oral ODK /ta/, p = 0.004). The physical pre-frailty status was significantly associated with age (OR, 1.111; 95% CI, 1.048-1.178; p < 0.001), masticatory performance (OR, 0.819; 95% CI, 0.680-0.986; p = 0.035), low ODK/ta/ (OR, 1.864; 95% CI, 1.069-3.250; p = 0.028), and low social activity (OR, 2.273; 95% CI, 1.308-3.951; p = 0.004). CONCLUSION This study indicated that older people with higher age, lower anterior tongue movement, lower masticatory performance, and lower social activity are positively associated with physical pre-frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Tani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Faculty of Dental Science, Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health Research Center, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Saori Oku
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Harukaze Yatsugi
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tianshu Chu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Iyota
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Department of Behavior and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kashiwazaki
- Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Liu J, Qu Q, Xuekelati S, Bai X, Wang L, Xiang H, Wang H. Geographic and Age Variations in Low Body Mass Index Among Community-Dwelling Older People in Xinjiang: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:675931. [PMID: 34336883 PMCID: PMC8319472 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.675931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown an association between undernutrition and increased adverse outcome, as well as substantial geographic and age variations in undernutrition. Body mass index (BMI), a core indicator of undernutrition, is easy to measure and reflects the nutritional and health status of the human body. It is a simple and suitable tool for epidemiological investigations in large sample populations. Herein, we provide the first description of geographic and age variations in the prevalence of low BMI among community-dwelling older people in Xinjiang. Methods: From January 2019 to December 2019, using a multi-stage random sampling method, we conducted a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of the community-dwelling older people in Xinjiang at different latitudes. Of the 87,000 participants, the statistical analyses included 86,514 participants with complete data. Results: In Xinjiang, the prevalence of low BMI was 7.7% in the community-dwelling older people. The BMI gradually decreased with increasing age and gradually increased with latitude. The prevalence of low BMI in northern Xinjiang was 5.3%, which was significantly lower than that in eastern (7.7%) and southern (9.3%) Xinjiang. In the 60–69-, 70–79-, 80–89-, and ≥90-year age groups, the prevalence rates of low BMI were 5.8, 7.9, 10.0, and 13.9%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors (sex, ethnic group, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipemia, smoking, and drinking), multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios (95% CI) for low BMI in eastern and southern Xinjiang were 1.165 (1.056–1.285) and 1.400 (1.274–1.538), respectively, compared to northern Xinjiang. The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for low BMI in the 70–79-, 80–89-, and ≥90-year age groups were 1.511 (1.39–1.635), 2.233 (2.030–2.456), and 3.003 (2.439–3.696), respectively, compared to the 60–69-year age group. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed geographic and age variations in the prevalence of low BMI in the community-dwelling older people in Xinjiang. The prevalence of low BMI gradually increased as the latitude decreased and as age increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Liu
- Second Department of the Cadre Health Care Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Qun Qu
- The Health Center for the Cadre of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Saiyare Xuekelati
- Second Department of the Cadre Health Care Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Second Department of the Cadre Health Care Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Li Wang
- Second Department of the Cadre Health Care Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Hong Xiang
- Second Department of the Cadre Health Care Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Second Department of the Cadre Health Care Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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