1
|
Bienstman T, Güvenç C, Garmyn M. Porocarcinoma: Clinical and Histological Features, Immunohistochemistry and Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5760. [PMID: 38891945 PMCID: PMC11172007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Porocarcinoma (PC) is a rare adnexal tumor, mainly found in the elderly. The tumor arises from the acrosyringium of eccrine sweat glands. The risk of lymph node and distant metastasis is high. Differential diagnosis with squamous cell carcinoma is difficult, although NUT expression and YAP1 fusion products can be very useful for diagnosis. Currently, wide local excision is the main surgical treatment, although Mohs micrographic surgery is promising. To date, there is no consensus regarding the role of sentinel lymph node biopsy and consequential lymph node dissection. No guidelines exist for radiotherapy, which is mostly performed based on tumor characteristics and excision margins. Only a few studies report systemic treatment for advanced PC, although therapy with pembrolizumab and EGFR inhibitors show promise. In this review, we discuss epidemiology, clinical features, histopathological features, immunohistochemistry and fusion products, surgical management and survival outcomes according to stage, surgical management, radiotherapy and systemic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bienstman
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Canan Güvenç
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Dermatology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjan Garmyn
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Dermatology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kervarrec T, Westphal D, Pissaloux D, Legrand M, Tirode F, Neuhart A, Drouot F, Becker JC, Macagno N, Seris A, Jouary T, Beltzung F, Jullie ML, Harms PW, Cribier B, Mourah S, Jouenne F, Fromont G, Louveau B, Mancini M, Kazakov DV, de la Fouchardière A, Battistella M. Porocarcinomas with PAK1/2/3 fusions: a series of 12 cases. Histopathology 2024. [PMID: 38785043 DOI: 10.1111/his.15214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Porocarcinoma is a malignant sweat gland tumour differentiated toward the upper part of the sweat duct and may arise from the transformation of a preexisting benign poroma. In 2019, Sekine et al. demonstrated the presence of YAP1::MAML2 and YAP1::NUTM1 fusions in most poromas and porocarcinomas. Recently, our group identified PAK2-fusions in a subset of benign poromas. Herein we report a series of 12 porocarcinoma cases harbouring PAK1/2/3 fusions. METHODS AND RESULTS Five patients were male and the median age was 79 years (ranges: 59-95). Tumours were located on the trunk (n = 7), on the thigh (n = 3), neck (n = 1), or groin area (n = 1). Four patients developed distant metastases. Microscopically, seven cases harboured a benign poroma component and a malignant invasive part. Ductal formations were observed in all, while infundibular/horn cysts and cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were detected in seven and six tumours, respectively. In three cases, the invasive component consisted of a proliferation of elongated cells, some of which formed pseudovascular spaces, whereas the others harboured a predominant solid or trabecular growth pattern. Immunohistochemical staining for CEA and EMA confirmed the presence of ducts. Focal androgen receptor expression was detected in three specimens. Whole RNA sequencing evidenced LAMTOR1::PAK1 (n = 2), ZDHHC5::PAK1 (n = 2), DLG1::PAK2, CTDSP1::PAK1, CTNND1::PAK1, SSR1::PAK3, CTNNA1::PAK2, RNF13::PAK2, ROBO1::PAK2, and CD47::PAK2. Activating mutation of HRAS (G13V, n = 3, G13R, n = 1, Q61L, n = 2) was present in six cases. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that PAK1/2/3 fusions is the oncogenic driver of a subset of porocarcinomas lacking YAP1 rearrangement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Kervarrec
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- "Biologie des infections à polyomavirus" Team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- CARADERM Network
| | - Danna Westphal
- National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Pissaloux
- Department of Biopathology, Center Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mélanie Legrand
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Franck Tirode
- Department of Biopathology, Center Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Neuhart
- Department of Biopathology, Center Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jürgen C Becker
- Department of Translational Skin Cancer Research, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Pa German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Macagno
- CARADERM Network
- Department of Pathology, Timone University Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Alice Seris
- CARADERM Network
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de Pau, Pau, France
| | - Thomas Jouary
- CARADERM Network
- Service de Dermatologie, Centre hospitalier de Pau, Pau, France
| | - Fanny Beltzung
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Marie-Laure Jullie
- CARADERM Network
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Pathology, Michigan Medicine/University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan Medicine/University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bernard Cribier
- Dermatology Clinic, Hopitaux Universitaires & Université de Strasbourg, Hopital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Samia Mourah
- Department of Pharmacology and Solid Tumor Genomics, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Fanélie Jouenne
- Department of Pharmacology and Solid Tumor Genomics, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Gaelle Fromont
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Baptiste Louveau
- Department of Pharmacology and Solid Tumor Genomics, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Maxence Mancini
- Department of Pharmacology and Solid Tumor Genomics, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris University, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Dmitry V Kazakov
- IDP Dermatohistopathologie Institut, Pathologie Institut Enge, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud de la Fouchardière
- CARADERM Network
- National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maxime Battistella
- CARADERM Network
- Department of Pathology, APHP Hôpital Saint Louis, INSERM U976, Université Paris Cité7, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pérez-Trigo S, López-Ladrón-García-Borbolla RM, Mencía-Gutiérrez E, Garrido-Ruíz M, Bengoa-González Á. Eyelid Eccrine Poroma: A Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e60316. [PMID: 38751403 PMCID: PMC11094528 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Eccrine poroma is a rare benign adnexal tumor arising from intradermal cells of eccrine sweat ducts. At least two-thirds of eccrine poromas present on the extremities, most commonly on the palms and soles. They are scarcely found on the face; to date, only 11 cases of eyelid poromas have been reported in PubMed. Biopsy excision with a free margin is necessary to distinguish it from malignant lesions and avoid recurrence with possible transformation to porocarcinoma. We present the case of a 23-year-old male with a histopathological confirmation of poroma using staining with hematoxylin-eosin on the eyelid, previously clinically diagnosed with molluscum contagiosum. After four years, he has not experienced a recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pérez-Trigo
- Ophthalmology, 12 de Octubre Hospital, Complutense University, Madrid, ESP
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu ZW, Zhu WJ, Huang S, Tan Q, You C, Hu DG, Li LN. Eccrine porocarcinoma in the tempus of an elderly woman: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1523-1529. [PMID: 38576807 PMCID: PMC10989442 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i8.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare skin tumor that mainly affects the elderly population. Tumors often present with slow growth and a good prognosis. EPCs are usually distinguished from other skin tumors using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. However, surgical management alone may be inadequate if the tumor has metastasized. However, currently, surgical resection is the most commonly used treatment modality. CASE SUMMARY A seventy-four-year-old woman presented with a slow-growing nodule in her left temporal area, with no obvious itching or pain, for more than four months. Histopathological examination showed small columnar and short spindle-shaped cells; thus, basal cell carcinoma was suspected. However, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the expression of cytokeratin 5/6, p63 protein, p16 protein, and Ki-67 antigen (40%), and EPC was taken into consideration. The skin biopsy was repeated, and hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed ductal differentiation in some cells. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with EPC, and Mohs micrographic surgery was performed. We adapted follow-up visits in a year and not found any recurrence of nodules. CONCLUSION This case report emphasizes the diagnosis and differentiation of EPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Laser and Cosmetic Dermatology, Ganzhou Dermatology Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Tongxiang Dermatology Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Cong You
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dian-Gui Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth people’s Hospital of Ganzhou, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Long-Nian Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kervarrec T, Appenzeller S, Tallet A, Jullie ML, Sohier P, Guillonneau F, Rütten A, Berthon P, Le Corre Y, Hainaut-Wierzbicka E, Blom A, Beneton N, Bens G, Nardin C, Aubin F, Dinulescu M, Visée S, Herfs M, Touzé A, Guyétant S, Samimi M, Houben R, Schrama D. Detection of wildtype Merkel cell polyomavirus genomic sequence and VP1 transcription in a subset of Merkel cell carcinoma. Histopathology 2024; 84:356-368. [PMID: 37830288 DOI: 10.1111/his.15068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is frequently caused by the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Characteristic for these virus-positive (VP) MCC is MCPyV integration into the host genome and truncation of the viral oncogene Large T antigen (LT), with full-length LT expression considered as incompatible with MCC growth. Genetic analysis of a VP-MCC/trichoblastoma combined tumour demonstrated that virus-driven MCC can arise from an epithelial cell. Here we describe two further cases of VP-MCC combined with an adnexal tumour, i.e. one trichoblastoma and one poroma. METHODS AND RESULTS Whole-genome sequencing of MCC/trichoblastoma again provided evidence of a trichoblastoma-derived MCC. Although an MCC-typical LT-truncating mutation was detected, we could not determine an integration site and we additionally detected a wildtype sequence encoding full-length LT. Similarly, Sanger sequencing of the combined MCC/poroma revealed coding sequences for both truncated and full-length LT. Moreover, in situ RNA hybridization demonstrated expression of a late region mRNA encoding the viral capsid protein VP1 in both combined as well as in a few cases of pure MCC. CONCLUSION The data presented here suggest the presence of wildtype MCPyV genomes and VP1 transcription in a subset of MCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Kervarrec
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
- "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR INRAE ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Silke Appenzeller
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anne Tallet
- Platform of Somatic Tumor Molecular Genetics, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marie-Laure Jullie
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, CARADERM Network, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Sohier
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francois Guillonneau
- 3P5 Proteomics, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Patricia Berthon
- "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR INRAE ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Yannick Le Corre
- Dermatology Department, LUNAM Université, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | | | - Astrid Blom
- Department of General and Oncologic Dermatology, CARADERM Network Ambroise-Paré hospital, APHP & Research Unit EA 4340, University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Guido Bens
- Dermatology Department, CHR d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- Dermatology Department, CH de Blois, Blois, France
| | - Charline Nardin
- Dermatology Department, Inserm 1098, Université de Franche Comté, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Francois Aubin
- Dermatology Department, Inserm 1098, Université de Franche Comté, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Monica Dinulescu
- Dermatology Department, CHR Rennes, Rennes, France
- Institut Dermatologique du Grand Ouest (IDGO), Rennes, France
| | - Sebastien Visée
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier d'Angoulème, Angoulème, France
| | - Michael Herfs
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Touzé
- "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR INRAE ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Serge Guyétant
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
- "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR INRAE ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Mahtab Samimi
- "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR INRAE ISP 1282, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Departement of Dermatology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Roland Houben
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kyrmanidou E, Fotiadou C, Kemanetzi C, Trakatelli MG, Trigoni A, Patsatsi A, Apalla Z, Lazaridou E. Eccrine Poroma: Pathogenesis, New Diagnostic Tools and Association with Porocarcinoma-A Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2689. [PMID: 37627947 PMCID: PMC10453495 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccrine poroma (EP) is a relatively rare benign adnexal neoplasm that usually affects elderly patients. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation, but recent gene studies have revealed gene fusions as key incidences resulting in oncogenetic pathways. It often presents as a solitary, firm papule, mostly asymptomatic, located on the soles or palms. Due to its clinical and dermoscopic variability, it is characterized as the great imitator. We performed a literature review, aiming to summarize current data on the pathogenetic mechanisms, new dermoscopic features, and novel diagnostic tools that may aid in early diagnosis and proper management of this rare adnexal tumor. Furthermore, we reviewed the possible pathogenetic associations between EP and its malignant counterpart, namely eccrine porocarcinoma. This systematic approach may aid in understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms and how to use novel histopathologic markers and imaging methods to overcome the diagnostic dilemma of this rare tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Kyrmanidou
- 2nd Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (C.F.); (C.K.); (M.-G.T.); (A.T.); (A.P.); (Z.A.); (E.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maione V, Bighetti S, Bettolini L, Zambelli C, Calzavara-Pinton P. The role of line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) in the diagnosis of eccrine poroma: A case report. Australas J Dermatol 2023; 64:e216-e219. [PMID: 37154231 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Poroma is skin cancer that arises from the sweat gland cells. Its diagnosis could be difficult. Line-field optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a novel imaging technique that has shown promise in the diagnosis and monitoring of various skin conditions. We report a case of poroma diagnosed by LC-OCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Maione
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefano Bighetti
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luca Bettolini
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudia Zambelli
- Pathology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Piergiacomo Calzavara-Pinton
- Dermatology Department, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meriläinen AS, Von Willenbrand-Bäckmann M, Sihto H, Koljonen V. Eccrine Porocarcinoma: Clinical and Histopathological Study of 14 Patients with Special Emphasis on Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv11649. [PMID: 37448211 PMCID: PMC10391535 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.11649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare skin adnexal tumour that affects elderly people. Most eccrine porocarcinomas are stage I or II according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer. The prognosis is good in early stages, but worsens when advanced. Since information on the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy in these patients is scarce, this study examined the records of all patients with eccrine porocarcinoma treated at Helsinki University Hospital during a 17-year period and focused on sentinel lymph node biopsy patients. The study identified 14 patients (9 male, 5 female). There were 2 metastases to the lymph nodes and 2 recurrences at initial referral to our institution. All primary tumours had wide local excision and 6 patients also had sentinel lymph node biopsy, of whom none had positive lymph nodes. There were no new metastases or recurrences during follow-up. Three patients died of causes other than eccrine porocarcinoma. When comparing the wide local excision only and wide local excision with sentinel lymph node biopsy groups, no parameters reached statistical significance. The decision process of the multidisciplinary tumour board meeting on whether to perform sentinel lymph node biopsy was not clear, perhaps due to the limited knowledge of eccrine porocarcinoma. Further studies and international collaboration are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Stiina Meriläinen
- Department of Surgery, The Central Hospital of Tavastia Proper, Hämeenlinna and University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Harri Sihto
- Department of Pathology Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virve Koljonen
- Department of Plastic Surgery Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wierzbicka M, Kraiński P, Bartochowska A. Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of the malignant adnexal neoplasms of the head and neck. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 31:134-145. [PMID: 36912226 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review is to present the current knowledge regarding epidemiology, diagnostics, and management of malignant adnexal neoplasms (MANs). RECENT FINDINGS Immunotherapy and gene-related therapies are still being developed as the methods of salvage treatment in advanced and disseminated cases: CACNA1S, ATP2A1, RYR1, and MYLK3, as well as p53 or the JAK/STAT pathways, may be therapeutic targets; the efficiency of talimogene laherparepvec and nivolumab is assessed. SUMMARY MANs are rare tumors, but due to the aging of population their incidence is increasing. Their clinical presentation is unspecific, which makes the diagnosis challenging. Histopathological assessment is difficult even for experienced pathologists. Mohs micrographic surgery or wide local excision are recommended to treat primary lesions. Adjuvant radiotherapy may be beneficial in case of insufficient or positive surgical margins, in nodal metastases, in selected types of MANs like sebaceous, trichilemmal, and pilomatrix carcinomas, and as the induction treatment in large tumors located in medically fragile or cosmetically important regions. The role of chemotherapy is not well defined; however, it is recommended in distant metastases. Immunotherapy can improve the prognosis in advanced stage of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wierzbicka
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences
| | - Patryk Kraiński
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Immunology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Bartochowska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
[Translated article] Poroma: A Retrospective Series of 80 Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2023; 114:T102-T107. [PMID: 36462669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poroma is a benign, exclusively cutaneous, adnexal tumor with a predilection for palmoplantar skin. OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of poroma in our population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with poroma between 2002 and 2021. We conducted a chart review to record age; sex; number, location, and diameter of lesions; time since onset; clinical characteristics; suspected clinical diagnosis; resection margin status; recurrences; and follow-up duration. Categorical variables were compared using the Fisher exact test. Continuous variables were compared using the t test or the Mann-Whitney U test depending on whether they were normally or nonnormally distributed. RESULTS We studied 80 patients (31 women and 49 men) with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 65.5 (29) years. Median time since onset of poroma was 12 (21) months. Median lesion diameter was 8 (7)mm, and none of the patients had multiple lesions. The lesions were located on the head and neck in 13 cases, the trunk in 13, the upper extremities in 11, and the lower extremities in 43. Twenty-three lesions (28.8%) were located at acral sites (5 on the palms and 18 on the soles). Women were more likely to have scalp lesions (P=.041). Acral lesions were more likely to be erythematous (P=.014). Five patients experienced local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Although poromas are particularly common in acral locations (especially the feet), most of the lesions in our series (71.3%) were located elsewhere. Acral lesions were more likely to show the classic clinical features of erythema and exophytic growth.
Collapse
|
11
|
Mitsui Y, Ogawa K, Goto K, Fujii T, Nakamura-Nishimura Y, Mashiba K, Asada H. YAP1::MAML2 fusions in poromatosis: A report of two patients. J Cutan Pathol 2023. [PMID: 36723803 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Poromatosis is a rare condition characterized by the development of multiple poromas, mainly reported in patients with a history of malignancy. Recently, frequent YAP1::MAML2 and YAP1::NUTM1 fusions have been described in poromas and porocarcinomas. To date, the molecular features of poromatosis have been investigated in one patient only, wherein the poromas harbored YAP1::MAML2 fusions. Herein, we present two additional cases of poromatosis with YAP1::MAML2 fusions. Case 1: An 81-year-old woman presented with nine papules on the scalp, trunk, and extremities persisting for a year. She had a history of breast cancer, with no information on the treatment. Seven papules were excised. Case 2: A 65-year-old woman presented with 21 lesions on her trunk and lower extremities persisting for 2 years. She had been diagnosed with breast cancer 11 years prior and had undergone partial mastectomy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Four lesions were excised. All 11 lesions in both patients were histopathologically similar: anastomosing cords and strands extending from the epidermis, and poroid and cuticular cell proliferation with interspersed small ducts. The tumors showed diffuse nuclear expression of YAP1 N-terminus and loss of YAP1 C-terminus expression. No lesions showed NUT immunopositivity. Sanger sequencing identified YAP1::MAML2 fusions in the poromas of both patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Mitsui
- Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Keisuke Goto
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Itabashi Central Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan.,Department of Dermato-Oncology/Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | | | - Kumi Mashiba
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hideo Asada
- Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moreno-Vílchez C, Torrecilla-Vall-Llossera C, Llobera-Ris C, Muntaner-Virgili C, Penín RM, Marcoval J. Poroma: A Retrospective Series of 80 Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2023; 114:102-107. [PMID: 35963326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poroma is a benign, exclusively cutaneous, adnexal tumor with a predilection for palmoplantar skin. OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical characteristics of poroma in our population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of patients diagnosed with poroma between 2002 and 2021. We conducted a chart review to record age; sex; number, location, and diameter of lesions; time since onset; clinical characteristics; suspected clinical diagnosis; resection margin status; recurrences; and follow-up duration. Categorical variables were compared using the Fisher exact test. Continuous variables were compared using the t test or the Mann-Whitney U test depending on whether they were normally or nonnormally distributed. RESULTS We studied 80 patients (31 women and 49 men) with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 65.5 (29) years. Median time since onset of poroma was 12 (21) months. Median lesion diameter was 8(7)mm, and none of the patients had multiple lesions. The lesions were located on the head and neck in 13 cases, the trunk in 13, the upper extremities in 11, and the lower extremities in 43. Twenty-three lesions (28.8%) were located at acral sites (5 on the palms and 18 on the soles). Women were more likely to have scalp lesions (P=.041). Acral lesions were more likely to be erythematous (P=.014). Five patients experienced local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Although poromas are particularly common in acral locations (especially the feet), most of the lesions in our series (71.3%) were located elsewhere. Acral lesions were more likely to show the classic clinical features of erythema and exophytic growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Moreno-Vílchez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | | | - C Llobera-Ris
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - C Muntaner-Virgili
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - R M Penín
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España
| | - J Marcoval
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, España.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Francesca DT, Mandel VD, Ignazio S, Cinotti E, Kaleci S, Ciardo S, Peccerillo F, Longo C, Farnetani F, Pellacani G. The role of reflectance confocal microscopy in the diagnosis of eccrine poroma: a retrospective case‐control study. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1779-1790. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Tullio Francesca
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Victor Desmond Mandel
- Porphyria and Rare Diseases Unit San Gallicano Dermatological Institute ‐ IRCCS Rome Italy
| | - Stanganelli Ignazio
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori “Dino Amadori” ‐ IRST S.r.l. Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Meldola Italy
- Medicine and Surgery Department University of Parma Parma Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Dermatology Section University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Shaniko Kaleci
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Silvana Ciardo
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Francesca Peccerillo
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Caterina Longo
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
- Centro Oncologico ad Alta Tecnologia Diagnostica, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale ‐ IRCCS Reggio Emilia Italy
| | - Francesca Farnetani
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Dermatologic Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences La Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alfredo MDAC, Lai MRDR, Miot LDB, Haddad GR, Garcia AL, Miot HA. Pigmented eccrine poroma in an atypical location. An Bras Dermatol 2022; 97:624-627. [PMID: 35811192 PMCID: PMC9453530 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccrine poroma is the term that includes benign neoplasms of the terminal duct of the eccrine sweat glands, which may clinically and dermoscopically resemble other melanoma and non-melanoma skin tumors. They are often located on the extremities (especially palms and soles), presenting as normochromic or erythematous papules and nodules, measuring up to 2 cm. Pigmented variants are uncommon, accounting for less than 20% of cases. This report describes a 37-year-old man who developed a large pigmented eccrine poroma on his right shoulder, causing diagnostic difficulty. Histopathological examination revealed a nodular neoplasm consisting of small, monomorphic, cuboidal cells, with ample, eosinophilic cytoplasm and well-defined borders, in addition to conspicuous intercellular bridges, with melanin deposits diffusely distributed inside them. The absence of cytological atypia, cellular pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity, and necrosis foci corroborated the diagnostic exclusion of porocarcinoma, which can develop from eccrine poroma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Roncada Haddad
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Lutz Garcia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Amante Miot
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu W, Xiong C, Zhang Y, Fang X. Confocal microscopic and dermoscopic features of eccrine poroma: A case report. Skin Res Technol 2022; 28:643-645. [PMID: 35639734 PMCID: PMC9907607 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Department of Dermatology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Chengcheng Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Department of Dermatology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Department of Dermatology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Xianfeng Fang
- Department of Dermatology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.,Department of Dermatology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Head and Neck Porocarcinoma: SEER Analysis of Epidemiology and Survival. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082185. [PMID: 35456278 PMCID: PMC9024621 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Porocarcinoma is a rare malignant adnexal tumor. Little is known about the location of the disease in the head and neck. Our aim is to offer the largest analysis of demographic, pathological, and treatment patterns of head and neck porocarcinoma in comparison with other locations of the neoplasm from an epidemiologically representative cohort. Method: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program of the National Cancer Institute was searched for all cases of porocarcinomas diagnosed between 2000 and 2018. This database is considered representative of the US population. Demographic, pathological, and treatment variables were compared between the head and neck and other regions. Overall and disease-specific survival was calculated and compared between groups. Results: 563 porocarcinomas were identified, with 172 in the head and neck. The mean age was 66.4 years. Males were more affected in the head and neck. Regional and distant invasion rates were low (2.9 and 2.3%, respectively). Local excision and Mohs surgery were the most frequent therapies. Five-year overall survival was 74.8%. Five-year disease-specific survival was 97%. Conclusions: Head and neck porocarcinoma affects more males than females. Regional or distant metastatic rates are low and overestimated in previous literature. Disease-specific mortality is low. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment.
Collapse
|
17
|
Treatment of Malignant Adnexal Tumors of the Skin: A 12-Year Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040998. [PMID: 35205753 PMCID: PMC8870474 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant adnexal cancers of the skin—extremely rare neoplasms—are mostly reported as non-symptomatic, slow-growing nodules. These carcinomas occur mainly in the middle-aged (50–60 years of age); they are mostly localized on the upper part of the body and are locally aggressive, infiltrate surrounding tissue, and metastasize to regional lymph nodes. The patients’ outcomes depend on multiple prognostic factors, including the size of the primary tumor and its mitotic count. Surgical resection of the primary tumor with or without regional lymph nodes is the treatment method of choice; however, due to aggressive tumor behavior, perioperative treatment may be considered. The role and efficacy of radiotherapy in the treatment of skin adnexal malignancies are not yet fully defined. Some authors suggest that adjuvant radiotherapy may be considered in locally advanced and regional disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment outcomes and assess the efficacy of combined therapy in patients with adnexal malignancies. Our analysis covered all cases of cutaneous adnexal tumor patients diagnosed and provided with multidisciplinary treatment with surgery and radiotherapy since the beginning of 2009.
Collapse
|
18
|
Joshy J, Mistry K, Levell NJ, van Bodegraven B, Vernon S, Rajan N, Craig P, Venables ZC. Porocarcinoma - a review. Clin Exp Dermatol 2022; 47:1030-1035. [PMID: 35149987 DOI: 10.1111/ced.15126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
From the first report in 1969 to the present day, diagnosis of eccrine porocarcinoma, also known simply as porocarcinoma (PC), remains a challenge. This review presents a concise update of the history, pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, management and prognosis of this rare sweat gland neoplasm. It differentiates towards the intraepidermal spiral ducts in the eccrine gland, is more common in those over 60 years and often affects the head, neck and lower extremities. PC presents as a dome shaped papule, plaque or nodule growing over weeks to months. The exact incidence is unknown but appears to be rising. Diagnosis is difficult because of variable presentations and similar clinical and histological features to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Management involves removal of the tumour, usually using wide local excision or Mohs micrographic surgery. Prognosis is poor with PC recurring after surgery in 35%. Given the lack of standardised protocols and risk profiles, further studies would help better the understanding of PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jilse Joshy
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Khaylen Mistry
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Dermatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Nick J Levell
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Dermatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Birgitta van Bodegraven
- British Association of Dermatologists, London, UK.,National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital (NHSD), Leeds, UK
| | - Sally Vernon
- National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital (NHSD), Leeds, UK
| | - Neil Rajan
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne
| | - Paul Craig
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Gloucestershire, Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, UK
| | - Zoe C Venables
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Dermatology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK.,National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital (NHSD), Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dermal Duct Tumor: A Diagnostic Dilemma. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2022; 9:36-47. [PMID: 35225875 PMCID: PMC8883970 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology9010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poromas or poroid tumors are a group of rare, benign cutaneous neoplasms derived from the terminal eccrine or apocrine sweat gland duct. There are four poroma variants with overlapping features: dermal duct tumor (DDT), eccrine poroma, hidroacanthoma simplex, and poroid hidradenoma, of which DDT is the least common. Clinically, the variants have a nonspecific appearance and present as solitary dome-shaped papules, plaques, or nodules. They can be indistinguishable from each other and a multitude of differential diagnoses, necessitating a better understanding of the characteristics that make the diagnosis of poroid neoplasms. However, there remains a paucity of information on these lesions, especially DDTs, given their infrequent occurrence. Herein, we review the literature on DDTs with an emphasis on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management.
Collapse
|
20
|
Aniţei GM, Ioanid NŞ, Bandol G, Gafton ER, Patraşcu AM, Ferariu D, Slătineanu A, Bugean G, Scripcariu V. Porocarcinoma: a rare cause of lateral cervical tumor. Arch Clin Cases 2021; 6:53-58. [PMID: 34754909 PMCID: PMC8565700 DOI: 10.22551/2019.23.0602.10154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Porocarcinoma is a rare tumor of the eccrine sweat glands that usually disseminates to the regional lymph nodes, but it can also develop distant metastasis. Case presentation: We report the case of a 67 year-old female patient who underwent wide surgical resection of a left cervical cutaneous tumor in a primary care center, for which the histology exam of the specimen was mixed basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. She was referred to our hospital's oncology clinic and histologic re-evaluation changed the diagnosis to eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC). Computer-tomography (CT) revealed cervical lymphadenopathies for which the patient underwent 4 cycles of chemotherapy, without regression. She subsequently underwent a left upper anterior jugular lymphadenectomy (group IIa) with all nodes being negative and, three months later, she developed a unique adenopathy under the parotid gland that was excised and confirmed to be metastatic. Postoperative external radiotherapy was administered with a good outcome on CT scan. Nine months after her last surgery, the patient did not show any sign of recurrence or distant metastasis. Conclusion: EPC is a challenge, both diagnostically and therapeutically. In the absence of consensus regarding the indications and extent of lymphadenectomy and adjuvant therapy, patients with EPC should be referred to an experienced multidisciplinary team in a tertiary center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Maria Aniţei
- "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.,1 Surgical Oncology Unit, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Geanina Bandol
- Otolaryngology Department, 2 Surgical Oncology Clinic, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | | | | | - Dan Ferariu
- Pathology Department, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Gema Bugean
- Radiotherapy Department, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | - Viorel Scripcariu
- "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.,1 Surgical Oncology Unit, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Behera B, Chandrasekhar L, Thappa DM, Gochhait D. A Flat-Topped Plaque over the Mammary Area. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021; 12:780-782. [PMID: 34667777 PMCID: PMC8456243 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_797_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Behera
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Juay L, Choi E, Huang J, Jaffar H, Ho SAJE. Unusual Presentations of Eccrine Porocarcinomas. Skin Appendage Disord 2021; 8:61-64. [DOI: 10.1159/000518602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccrine porocarcinomas (EPCs) are rare tumours, albeit the most common malignant adnexal tumours of the skin. They can present with very heterogeneous clinical and dermoscopic features, rendering diagnosis limited to histopathological examination alone. We share 2 cases of EPCs, one of which arose in a patient with a prior diagnosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and another whose EPC was likely a malignant transformation of an existing poroma. An occurrence of porocarcinoma after the diagnosis of SCC may suggest the possibility of unknown risk factors for both. Positivity to androgen, oestrogen, and epidermal growth factor receptors was seen in a proportion of porocarcinomas, and this may prompt further research on combination therapy between conventional treatment modalities with hormone receptor antagonists. Malignant change of a poroma may be a more common phenomenon than we would expect based on the current literature.
Collapse
|
23
|
Soft Nodule on the Heel in an Elderly Male Patient: Answer. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:674-675. [PMID: 34411022 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
Roda Â, Cardoso JC, Oliveira A. Dermoscopic and confocal microscopic presentation of apocrine poroma. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 14:21-23. [PMID: 34258345 PMCID: PMC8253880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Roda
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Cardoso
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Oliveira
- Dermatology Center, Hospital CUF Descobertas, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Liu M, Zheng Y, Feng Y. Eccrine poroma presented as spindle-shaped plaque: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25971. [PMID: 34011082 PMCID: PMC8137075 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Eccrine poroma, a benign cutaneous neoplasm originating from the intraepidermal portion of the eccrine sweat duct, is relatively common in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the 1 presenting as spindle-shaped plaque is extremely rare and easily misdiagnosed as seborrheic keratosis or other dermatoses. Thus, the current study demonstrates a case of eccrine poroma with unique clinical manifestation. PATIENTS CONCERNS A 47-year-old man presented with a spindle-shaped plaque on his left sole for 6 years. DIAGNOSES Based on the clinical and histopathological manifestations, diagnosis of eccrine poroma was established. INTERVENTIONS Surgical excision under local anesthesia was performed. OUTCOMES No recurrence or malignant transformation occurred within 6-month follow-up. LESSONS Eccrine poroma typically presents as a dome-shaped nodule on palm or sole. But this case reminded us the lesion presenting as a spindle-shaped plaque on sole can not rule out the possibility of eccrine poroma.
Collapse
|
26
|
Juay L, Choi E, Wong J, Chandran NS. Pigmented nodule on the dorsum of the foot. JAAD Case Rep 2021; 13:49-51. [PMID: 34150967 PMCID: PMC8190128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lester Juay
- Division of Dermatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ellie Choi
- Division of Dermatology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Justin Wong
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Current Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms with Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105077. [PMID: 34064849 PMCID: PMC8151110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adnexal tumors of the skin are a rare group of benign and malignant neoplasms that exhibit morphological differentiation toward one or more of the adnexal epithelium types present in normal skin. Tumors deriving from apocrine or eccrine glands are highly heterogeneous and represent various histological entities. Macroscopic and dermatoscopic features of these tumors are unspecific; therefore, a specialized pathological examination is required to correctly diagnose patients. Limited treatment guidelines of adnexal tumor cases are available; thus, therapy is still challenging. Patients should be referred to high-volume skin cancer centers to receive an appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, affecting their outcome. The purpose of this review is to summarize currently available data on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment approach for apocrine and eccrine tumors.
Collapse
|
28
|
Le HML, Faugeras L, De Moor V, Fervaille C, Vander Borght T, Collette F, D'Hondt L. Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Challenging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Tumoral Entity. Case Rep Oncol 2021; 14:700-705. [PMID: 34177519 PMCID: PMC8215959 DOI: 10.1159/000514984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant cutaneous tumor with high rates of extracutaneous spread, and its diagnosis and management can be quite challenging. This is a case of an 82-year-old woman presenting with an asymptomatic and chronic pubic skin lesion for whom the work-up required many investigations and procedures to confirm the diagnosis of metastatic eccrine porocarcinoma. Indeed, the patient underwent a wide local excision of the skin lesion, imaging with an FDG-PET scan, a colonoscopy, and two inguinal node dissections. As illustrated in this case, surgery should always be considered to achieve disease remission. Other treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy have also been reported in the literature without clear standard guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Mo Linh Le
- Department of Oncology, CHU UCL Namur - Site Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Laurence Faugeras
- Department of Oncology, CHU UCL Namur - Site Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Véronique De Moor
- Department of General Surgery, CHU UCL Namur - Site Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | | | | | - Fanny Collette
- Department of Oncology, CHU UCL Namur - Site Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Lionel D'Hondt
- Department of Oncology, CHU UCL Namur - Site Godinne, Yvoir, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Olmos Nieva C, Samaniego González E, González Morán M, Rodríguez Prieto M. Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Clinical and Histologic Description of a Series of 11 Cases Treated at the University Hospital Complex in Leon, Spain. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
30
|
Secondary Tumor Arising in a Nevus Sebaceous. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/sjdv-2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction. Nevus sebaceous is a rare congenital hamartoma, composed of epidermis, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair follicles. It is possible to develop secondary tumors in the area of nevus sebaceous during the lifetime, most often after puberty. Secondary lesions are most often benign, while malignant lesions may occur but significantly less frequently.
Case report. We present the case of a 21-year-old patient who came for an examination due to the appearance of a nodule in the area of a yellowish lesion on the head. The yellowish lesion was present since birth, and the nodule appeared about a year before. The dermoscopic examination of the lesion was nonspecific. The final diagnosis of eccrine poroma as a secondary lesion in nevus sebaceous was made by pathohisto-logical analysis.
Conclusion. Every secondary tumor in nevus sebaceous deserves full attention, with either close follow up, or excision with pathohistological analysis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Xu M, Chen Y, Xiong J, Xue R, Yin J, Yang W. Pigmented poroma showing unique pineapple-like dermoscopic appearance with target network-like structure. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:e354-e356. [PMID: 33728651 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yao Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Jinglin Xiong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Ruzeng Xue
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Yin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Wenlin Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Moraes Campos L, Luiz da Silva D, Amorim VA, Malzoni ML, Fernandes Abbade LP, Roncada Haddad G. Rare case of eccrine poroma in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:e281-e283. [PMID: 33655513 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Moraes Campos
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dermatology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Luiz da Silva
- Department of Pathology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Alice Amorim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dermatology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Laura Malzoni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dermatology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Patricia Fernandes Abbade
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dermatology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Roncada Haddad
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dermatology, Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kesper C, Busse C, Wickenhauser C, Bethmann D, Viestenz A, Heichel J. [Periocular poroma-a rare differential diagnosis to basal cell carcinoma]. Ophthalmologe 2021; 119:292-295. [PMID: 33638009 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-021-01345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Kesper
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - C Busse
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Magdeburger Straße 14, 06112, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - C Wickenhauser
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Magdeburger Straße 14, 06112, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - D Bethmann
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Magdeburger Straße 14, 06112, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - A Viestenz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - J Heichel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Comito F, Nigro MC, Sperandi F, Melotti B, Ardizzoni A. Immunotherapy-refractory, EGFR overexpressing metastatic porocarcinoma responding to cetuximab. Eur J Cancer 2021; 146:84-86. [PMID: 33588148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Comito
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy; Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria C Nigro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperandi
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Melotti
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Olmos Nieva CC, Samaniego González E, González Morán MA, Rodríguez Prieto MA. Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Clinical and Histologic Description of a Series of 11 Cases Treated at the University Hospital Complex in Leon, Spain. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020; 112:478-481. [PMID: 33307007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
36
|
Seo JK, Shin MK, Jeong KH, Lee MH. Eccrine Poroma Arising within Nevus Sebaceous. Ann Dermatol 2020; 32:516-518. [PMID: 33911796 PMCID: PMC7875240 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2020.32.6.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary neoplasms in nevus sebaceous can develop during adolescence and adulthood. Trichoblastoma and syringocystadenoma papilliferum are the most common benign neoplasms, but poroma is rarely reported. A 28-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic mass on the scalp. She has had a hairless lesion on the scalp since birth. A soft mass developed on that lesion four years prior. Physical examination revealed a localized 1 cm×2.5 cm-sized brownish, verrucous-surfaced plaque with a 1 cm×1 cm-sized pedunculated erythematous tumor on the scalp. We performed skin biopsy on both the plaque and tumor lesions. The histopathological findings demonstrated the plaque lesion consistent with nevus sebaceous and the tumor lesion consistent with eccrine poroma. Surgical mass excision was performed. The patient was eventually diagnosed with eccrine poroma arising within nevus sebaceous. To the best of our knowledge, there are only six reported cases on poroma arising within nevus sebaceous. Although rarely documented in the literature, it should be considered as a secondary neoplasm within nevus sebaceous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Kil Seo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Shin
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Heon Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mu-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
O'Quinn M, Gioe OA. Recurrent lesion on toe of young man. JAAD Case Rep 2020; 6:1003-1005. [PMID: 32995430 PMCID: PMC7508901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2020.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite O'Quinn
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Olivia A. Gioe
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Department of Dermatology, New Orleans, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ha DL, Lee GW, Shin K, Kim HS, Ko HC, Kim BS, Kim MB. Characteristic Clinical and Dermoscopic Features of Nonvolar Poroma. J Cutan Med Surg 2020; 25:142-149. [PMID: 32880198 DOI: 10.1177/1203475420952432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A poroma typically presents as a solitary, pink-to-red papule or nodule in acral volar areas. However, in nonvolar areas, this typical clinical feature (TCF) can be difficult to identify. OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare clinical and dermoscopic characteristics between nonvolar poroma (NVP) and volar (ie, typical) poroma (VP). METHODS We assessed the clinical and dermoscopic characteristics of 40 patients with poromas who were divided into the NVP and VP groups. RESULTS Of the 40 patients, 20 (50.0%) were allocated to the NVP group and 20 (50.0%) to the VP group. Pigmented variants were more common in the NVP group than in the VP group (60.0% vs 5.0%). The TCF of poroma was observed less frequently in the NVP than the VP group (45.0% vs 85.0%). Approximately one-third (30.0%) of patients with NVP received an initial clinical diagnosis of skin cancer. Dermoscopic patterns associated with melanoma or basal cell carcinoma were more common in the NVP group than in the VP group (65% vs 30%). CONCLUSIONS Skin cancer-associated clinicodermoscopic features were more frequently observed in patients with NVP, who simultaneously lost dermoscopic patterns associated to poromas and acquired those associated with skin cancer, than those with VP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Lyong Ha
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,220312 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Gi-Wook Lee
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kihyuk Shin
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hoon-Soo Kim
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,220312 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Chang Ko
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,220312 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Moon-Bum Kim
- 34996 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,220312 Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dermpath & Clinic: Where the shoe pinches - painful plantar plaque. Eur J Dermatol 2020; 30:447-449. [PMID: 32969813 PMCID: PMC7683875 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2020.3822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
40
|
DEREBAŞINLIOĞLU H, NEMMEZİ KARACA S. A 20-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF SKIN CANCERS: COMPARISON OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECADES. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.708364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
41
|
Mencía-Gutiérrez E, Navarro-Perea C, Gutiérrez-Díaz E, Cámara-Jurado M, Bengoa-González Á. Eyelid Eccrine Poroma: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Cureus 2020; 12:e8906. [PMID: 32742872 PMCID: PMC7389938 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.8906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poroma is a rare benign tumor of the epidermal sweat duct unit with predilection for the head and neck. Only six cases with eyelid location have been described in the literature (PubMed). A 34-year-old male presented with a single tumor on the left upper eyelid. It was skin-colored, nodular, solid, tender with some telangiectatic vessels, and showed no ulcerated lesion. Clinical diagnosis was basal cell carcinoma. This type of lesion can mimic a malignancy. Complete excisional biopsy revealed features consistent with eccrine poroma. After three year of follow up, no recurrence was observed. The authors reviewed all the cases reported in the literature and made a summary comparing them.
Collapse
|
42
|
Yorulmaz A, Aksoy GG, Ozhamam EU. A Growing Mass under the Nail: Subungual Eccrine Poroma. Skin Appendage Disord 2020; 6:254-257. [PMID: 32903899 DOI: 10.1159/000508668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccrine poroma is a benign adnexal tumour, which originates from the acrosyringium of eccrine sweat glands. Eccrine poroma is an uncommon neoplasm, the typical clinical presentation of which is a solitary soft sessile reddish papule protruding from a cup-shaped shallow depression. Many challenges remain in the diagnosis of eccrine poroma because it does not always present with classical features and may mimic any other cutaneous benign and malignant lesions. Eccrine poromas may occur on any skin surface with sweat glands; on the other hand, the most common sites of involvement include the palms and soles, which are rich in eccrine sweat glands. Here, we present a case of subungual eccrine poroma, which is an extremely rare presentation of poromas. We also highlight dermoscopic features of eccrine poroma and review the available literature on the subject.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahu Yorulmaz
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gunes Gur Aksoy
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Di Altobrando A, Misciali C, Baraldi C, Patrizi A, Savoia F. Genital pigmented lesion in a Caucasian woman. Int J Dermatol 2020; 60:309-310. [PMID: 32578213 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Di Altobrando
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cosimo Misciali
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlotta Baraldi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Patrizi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Savoia
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Dermatology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Eccrine porocarcinoma of the scalp: diagnosis and importance of early surgical intervention. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00238-019-01549-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
45
|
Pigmented Lesion on the Buttock: Answer. Am J Dermatopathol 2019; 41:690-691. [PMID: 31433327 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000001199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
46
|
Wollina U, Hansel G, Schönlebe J, Temelkova I, Tchernev G, Vojvodic A, Lotti T, Tirant M. A Painful Step - Pendulating Plantar Eccrine Poroma. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:2988-2990. [PMID: 31850106 PMCID: PMC6910794 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eccrine poroma is a benign tumour of eccrine duct epithelium. The usual clinical presentation is nodular. CASE REPORT We present a 78-year-old man with a painful pendulating flesh-coloured malodorous plantar tumour. Differential diagnoses included telangiectatic granuloma, acrochordon, basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma, cylindroma, amelanotic melanoma, and verruca. Microbiological investigations identified numerous bacteria including Corynebacterium striatum, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Citrobacter koseri. We performed surgery since the tumour hampered his mobility. Histopathology revealed a well-circumscribed tumour composed of cuboidal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm. Healing was unremarkable. CONCLUSIONS Pendulating plantar eccrine poroma is a rare clinical presentation of this benign adnexal tumour. Often asymptomatic, in some cases the tumour may become painful. Because of the bacterial colonisation, it could lead to deep soft tissue infections. Malignant transformation is possible. Surgical removal is the treatment of choice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Wollina
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gesina Hansel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Schönlebe
- Institute of Pathology "Georg Schmorl", Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ivanka Temelkova
- Onkoderma, Policlinic for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Tchernev
- Onkoderma, Policlinic for Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Aleksandra Vojvodic
- Military Medical Academy of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Dermatology, University of Rome "G. Marconi", Rome, Italy
| | - Torello Lotti
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome "G. Marconi", Rome, Italy
| | - Michael Tirant
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome "G. Marconi", Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lakhmiri M, Znati K, Meziane M, Hassam B, Senouci K. [Pigmented eccrine poroma on the back]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019; 146:592-593. [PMID: 30910337 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Lakhmiri
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc.
| | - K Znati
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, hôpital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
| | - M Meziane
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
| | - B Hassam
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
| | - K Senouci
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital Ibn Sina, Rabat, Maroc
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Results of Surgical Treatment of Patients with Malignant Eccrine Poroma. MEDICAL BULLETIN OF SISLI ETFAL HOSPITAL 2019; 53:33-36. [PMID: 33536823 PMCID: PMC7847727 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2018.10170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Malignant eccrine poroma is a rare cutaneous malignancy. This study was a review of a series of patients with malignant eccrine poroma who underwent surgical treatment conducted in order to evaluate the management techniques and outcomes of treatment modalities. Methods: All cases of surgically excised malignant eccrine poroma performed in a single clinic between 2012 and 2018 were included in the study. The details of patient age, gender, anatomical location of the tumor, histopathological features, and treatment modalities were analyzed. Results: The average tumor size was 2.53 cm (range: 0.3-7 cm). The average tumor thickness was 3.06 mm (range: 2.5-4 mm). The mean clean tumor margin after the first excision was 1.28 mm and the mean tumor margin after the second excision was 8.83 mm. No recurrence or distant metastasis was detected in any of the patients during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Unlike frequent skin cancers, rare skin cancers, like malignant eccrine poroma, don’t have definite treatment algorithms constituted from randomized trials. The findings of patient series are very useful to guide physicians in these cases.
Collapse
|
49
|
Initial Misidentification of Thumb Poroma by Shave Biopsy. J Hand Surg Am 2019; 44:252.e1-252.e4. [PMID: 30037763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Poromas are benign adnexal neoplasms originating from the intraepidermal portion of sweat gland ducts. With the possibility of malignant transformation, accurate clinical diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Numerous reports of hand poroma lesions have been reported. We present an unusual case of a distal thumb poroma originally identified as a squamous cell lesion in a shave biopsy and eventually accurately identified after excisional biopsy. This report highlights the limitations of shave biopsy associated with soft tissue hand lesions and the need to consider poroma when evaluating a soft tissue lesion of the hand.
Collapse
|
50
|
Khaja M, Ashraf U, Mehershahi S, Ayyadurai P, Malik S. Recurrent Metastatic Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2019; 20:179-183. [PMID: 30739904 PMCID: PMC6380207 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.913440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 67 Final Diagnosis: Recurrent metastatic eccrine porocarcinoma Symptoms: Skin lesion Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Dermatology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misbahuddin Khaja
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shehriyar Mehershahi
- Department of Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Puvanalingam Ayyadurai
- Department of Medicine, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Sandeep Malik
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Bronx Care Health System, Affiliated with Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|