1
|
Cao HH, Kong WW, Ling B, Wang ZY, Zhang Y, Guo ZX, Liu SH, Xu JP. Bmo-miR-3351 modulates glutathione content and inhibits BmNPV proliferation by targeting BmGSTe6 in Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:1378-1396. [PMID: 38258370 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play pivotal roles in the host response to invading pathogens. Among these pathogens, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of the main causes of substantial economic losses in sericulture, and there are relatively few studies on the specific functions of miRNAs in the B. mori-BmNPV interaction. Therefore, we conducted transcriptome sequencing to identify differentially expressed (DE) messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and miRNAs in the midgut of 2 B. mori strains (BmNPV-susceptible strain P50 and BmNPV-resistant strain A35) after BmNPV infection. Through correlation analysis of the miRNA and mRNA data, we identified a comprehensive set of 21 miRNAs and 37 predicted target mRNAs. Notably, miR-3351, which has high expression in A35, exhibited remarkable efficacy in suppressing BmNPV proliferation. Additionally, we confirmed that miR-3351 binds to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of B. mori glutathione S-transferase epsilon 6 (BmGSTe6), resulting in its downregulation. Conversely, BmGSTe6 displayed an opposite expression pattern to miR-3351, effectively promoting BmNPV proliferation. Notably, BmGSTe6 levels were positively correlated with glutathione S-transferase activity, consequently influencing intracellular glutathione content in the infected samples. Furthermore, our investigation revealed the protective role of glutathione against BmNPV infection in BmN cells. In summary, miR-3351 modulates glutathione content by downregulating BmGSTe6 to inhibit BmNPV proliferation in B. mori. Our findings enriched the research on the role of B. mori miRNAs in the defense against BmNPV infection, and suggests that the antiviral molecule, glutathione, offers a novel perspective on preventing viral infection in sericulture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hua Cao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Wei Kong
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Bing Ling
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe-Xiao Guo
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Shi-Huo Liu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim K, Zhang W, Chen P, Li C, Li B. Identification of potent inhibitors targeting Tribolium castaneum GSTe2 via structure-based screening and molecular dynamics simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38268222 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2306499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, has a major negative impact during storage of agricultural products and reveals the negative impacts on human health. Insect-specific epsilon glutathione S-transferase (GSTs) which requires reduced glutathione (GSH) as an essential substrate not only develop insecticide resistance but also play important role in insect metamorphosis. Inhibition of the insect metamorphosis and the development of insecticide resistance could play an important role in pest control, so T. castaneum GSTe2 (TcGSTe2) in our previous study could be an important target protein for this purpose. This study aimed to find a potential TcGSTe2 inhibitors through in silico mothods, including molecular modeling, molecular docking, ADMET assay, followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, principal component analysis and MM/PBSA analysis. The results showed that ZINC000169293362 and ZINC000095566957 were selected as potential TcGSTe2 inhibitors with high-binding affinity and without any toxicity from 3618 of GSH-like compounds obtained from ZINC database. MD simulation results revealed that TcGSTe2-ZINC000169293362 had more stability than that of reference GSH. Moreover, TcGSTe2-ZINC000169293362 and TcGSTe2-ZINC000095566957 showed lower binding free energy (-27.53 ± 0.16 kcal/mol and -18.83 ± 0.15 kcal/mol, respectively) compared with TcGSTe2-GSH (-8.90 ± 0.30 kcal/mol). This study could provide new insight into reduction of insecticide resistance and be used to design new inhibitors of insect GSTs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- KumChol Kim
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Life Science, University of Science, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cao F, Yu JM, Sun HM, He JX, Li SG, Liu S, Li MY. Epsilon Class Glutathione S-Transferase Confers Phoxim Tolerance in the Black Cutworm Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20680-20689. [PMID: 38088263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon is a serious crop pest. Phoxim, an organophosphorus insecticide, has been widely used to control A. ipsilon. When phoxim is extensively applied, the susceptibility of A. ipsilon to insecticide is reduced. However, the mechanisms of tolerance of A. ipsilon to phoxim remain unclear. Herein, we report that an epsilon class glutathione S-transferase, AiGSTE1, confers phoxim tolerance in A. ipsilon. Exposure to a sublethal concentration (LC50) of phoxim caused oxidative stress and activated the transcription of AiGSTe1 genes in A. ipsilon larvae. Recombinant AiGSTE1 expressed in Escherichia coli could metabolize phoxim. Furthermore, E. coli cells overexpressing AiGSTE1 displayed significant tolerance to oxidative stress. Knockdown of AiGSTe1 by RNA interference significantly increased the mortality of A. ipsilon larvae to phoxim. These results demonstrate that AiGSTE1 confers phoxim tolerance in A. ipsilon by metabolizing the insecticide and preventing phoxim-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jia-Min Yu
- Sichuan Tobacco Science Institute, Sichuan Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui-Mei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ji-Xian He
- Guangyuan Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Corporation, Guangyuan 628017, China
| | - Shi-Guang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Su Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mao-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-products Quality and Biosafety, Ministry of Education, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim K, Song X, Yu R, Zhang Y, Gao H, Wang S, Li B. A novel GSTe2 involved in metamorphosis by regulating 20E signal pathway in Tribolium castaneum. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 112:e21989. [PMID: 36588284 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Insect-specific epsilon glutathion S-transferases (GSTs) are a class of multifunctional GST superfamily, which play important roles in detoxification of xenobiotic substances. Most research on GSTs has focused on insecticide detoxification and resistance, with little research on other physiological functions. Here, we identified and cloned the novel GSTe2 from Tribolium castaneum (TcGSTe2). Recombinant TcGSTe2 protein was successfully overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified with affinity purification, which had high ability to catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). The expression level of TcGSTe2 was significantly decreased after exposure with four insecticides, phoxim, λ-cyhalothrin, dichlorvos, and carbofuran, in larval stage. Interestingly, RNA interference knockdown of TcGSTe2 caused metamorphosis deficiency in larval and pupal stages by inhibiting the 20E signal pathway. Furthermore, exogenous 20E injection partially rescued this metamorphosis deficiency and also increased the expression levels of 20E downstream response genes. This study illustrated TcGSTe2 plays an important role at metamorphosis beside the insecticide detoxification and resistance in T. castaneum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- KumChol Kim
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Life-Science, University of Science, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - XiaoWen Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - RunNan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - YongLei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - SuiSui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yamamoto K, Hirowatari A. Investigation of the Substrate-Binding Site of a Prostaglandin E Synthase in Bombyx mori. Protein J 2021; 40:63-67. [PMID: 33403608 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-020-09956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin E2 in the presence of glutathione (GSH) in mammals. Amid the limited knowledge on prostaglandin and its related enzymes in insects, we recently identified PGES from the silkworm Bombyx mori (bmPGES) and determined its crystal structure complexed with GSH. In the current study, we investigated the substrate-binding site of bmPGES by site-directed mutagenesis and X-ray crystallography. We found that the residues Tyr107, Val155, Met159, and Glu203 are located in the catalytic pockets of bmPGES, and mutagenesis of each residue reduced the bmPGES activity. Our results suggest that these four residues contribute to the catalytic activity of bmPGES. Overall, this structure-function study holds implications in controlling pests by designing rational and efficient pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819- 0395, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Aiko Hirowatari
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819- 0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi M, Yamada N. Investigation of the active site of an unclassified glutathione transferase in Bombyx mori by alanine scanning. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2020; 45:238-240. [PMID: 33304193 PMCID: PMC7691559 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d20-036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione transferase (GST) is an important class of detoxification enzymes that are vital for defense against various xenobiotics and cellular oxidative stress. Previously, we had reported an unclassified glutathione transferase 2 in Bombyx mori (bmGSTu2) to be responsible for detoxifying diazinon. In this study, we aimed to identify the amino acid residues that constitute a hydrogen-bonding network important for GST activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of bmGSTu2 suggested that residues Asn102, Pro162, and Ser166 contribute to its catalytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School
| | - Misuzu Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saruta F, Yamada N, Yamamoto K. An omega-class glutathione S-transferase in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens exhibits glutathione transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 102:e21599. [PMID: 31328816 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A complementary DNA that encodes an omega-class glutathione S-transferase (GST) of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (nlGSTO), was isolated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. A recombinant protein (nlGSTO) was obtained via overexpression in the Escherichia coli cells and purified. nlGSTO catalyzes the biotransformation of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, a general substrate for GST, as well as with dehydroascorbate to synthesize ascorbate. Mutation experiments revealed that putative substrate-binding sites, including Phe28, Cys29, Phe30, Arg176, and Lue225, were important for glutathione transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. As ascorbate is a reducing agent, nlGSTO may participate in antioxidant resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Saruta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saruta F, Yamada N, Yamamoto K. Functional Analysis of an Epsilon-Class Glutathione S-Transferase From Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2019; 19:5586714. [PMID: 31606747 PMCID: PMC6790247 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iez096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione conjugation is a crucial step in xenobiotic detoxification. In the current study, we have functionally characterized an epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase (GST) from a brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (nlGSTE). The amino acid sequence of nlGSTE revealed approximately 36-44% identity with epsilon-class GSTs of other species. The recombinant nlGSTE was prepared in soluble form by bacterial expression and was purified to homogeneity. Mutation experiments revealed that the putative substrate-binding sites, including Phe107, Arg112, Phe118, and Phe119, were important for glutathione transferase activity. Furthermore, inhibition study displayed that nlGSTE activity was affected by insecticides, proposing that, in brown planthopper, nlGSTE could recognize insecticides as substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Saruta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yamamoto K, Higashiura A, Hirowatari A, Yamada N, Tsubota T, Sezutsu H, Nakagawa A. Characterisation of a diazinon-metabolising glutathione S-transferase in the silkworm Bombyx mori by X-ray crystallography and genome editing analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16835. [PMID: 30443011 PMCID: PMC6237972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found an unclassified glutathione S-transferase 2 (bmGSTu2) in the silkworm Bombyx mori that conjugates glutathione to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and also metabolises diazinon, an organophosphate insecticide. Here, we provide a structural and genome-editing characterisation of the diazinon-metabolising glutathione S-transferase in B. mori. The structure of bmGSTu2 was determined at 1.68 Å by X-ray crystallography. Mutation of putative amino acid residues in the substrate-binding site showed that Pro13, Tyr107, Ile118, Phe119, and Phe211 are crucial for enzymatic function. bmGSTu2 gene disruption resulted in a decrease in median lethal dose values to an organophosphate insecticide and a decrease in acetylcholine levels in silkworms. Taken together, these results indicate that bmGSTu2 could metabolise an organophosphate insecticide. Thus, this study provides insights into the physiological role of bmGSTu2 in silkworms, detoxification of organophosphate insecticides, and drug targets for the development of a novel insecticide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Akifumi Higashiura
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Aiko Hirowatari
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kyushu University Graduate School, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsubota
- Transgenic Silkworm Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
| | - Hideki Sezutsu
- Transgenic Silkworm Research Unit, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8634, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakagawa
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Durand N, Pottier MA, Siaussat D, Bozzolan F, Maïbèche M, Chertemps T. Glutathione-S-Transferases in the Olfactory Organ of the Noctuid Moth Spodoptera littoralis, Diversity and Conservation of Chemosensory Clades. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1283. [PMID: 30319435 PMCID: PMC6171564 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are conjugating enzymes involved in the detoxification of a wide range of xenobiotic compounds. The expression of GSTs as well as their activities have been also highlighted in the olfactory organs of several species, including insects, where they could play a role in the signal termination and in odorant clearance. Using a transcriptomic approach, we identified 33 putative GSTs expressed in the antennae of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis. We established their expression patterns and revealed four olfactory-enriched genes in adults. In order to investigate the evolution of antennal GST repertoires in moths, we re-annotated antennal transcripts corresponding to GSTs in two moth and one coleopteran species. We performed a large phylogenetic analysis that revealed an unsuspected structural—and potentially functional—diversity of GSTs within the olfactory organ of insects. This led us to identify a conserved clade containing most of the already identified antennal-specific and antennal-enriched GSTs from moths. In addition, for all the sequences from this clade, we were able to identify a signal peptide, which is an unusual structural feature for GSTs. Taken together, these data highlight the diversity and evolution of GSTs in the olfactory organ of a pest species and more generally in the olfactory system of moths, and also the conservation of putative extracellular members across multiple insect orders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Durand
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Pottier
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - David Siaussat
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Bozzolan
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Martine Maïbèche
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Chertemps
- Sorbonne Université, INRA, CNRS, UPEC, IRD, Univ. P7, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Balakrishnan B, Su S, Wang K, Tian R, Chen M. Identification, Expression, and Regulation of an Omega Class Glutathione S-transferase in Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Insecticide Stress. Front Physiol 2018; 9:427. [PMID: 29731722 PMCID: PMC5920109 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an essential role in the detoxification of xenobiotic toxins in insects, including insecticides. However, few data are available for the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.). In this study, we cloned and sequenced the full-length cDNA of an omega GST gene (RpGSTO1) from R. padi, which contains 720 bp in length and encodes 239 amino acids. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that RpGSTO1 belongs to the omega class of insect GSTs. RpGSTO1 gene was highly expressed in transformed Escherichia coli and the protein was purified by affinity chromatography. The recombinant RpGSTO1 displayed reduced glutathione (GSH)-dependent conjugating activity toward the substrate 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) substrate. The recombinant RpGSTO1 protein exhibited optimal activity at pH 7.0 and 30°C. In addition, a disk diffusion assay showed that E. coli overexpressing RpGSTO1 increased resistance to cumene hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that the relative expression level of RpGSTO1 was different in response to different insecticides, suggesting that the enzyme could contribute to insecticide metabolism in R. padi. These findings indicate that RpGSTO1 may play a crucial role in counteracting oxidative stress and detoxifying the insecticides. The results of our study contribute to a better understanding the mechanisms of insecticide detoxification and resistance in R. padi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balachandar Balakrishnan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Sha Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruizheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Maohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hirowatari A, Chen Z, Mita K, Yamamoto K. Enzymatic characterization of two epsilon-class glutathione S-transferases of Spodoptera litura. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 97:e21443. [PMID: 29235695 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two cDNAs encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) of the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, were cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The deduced amino acid sequences of the resulting clones revealed 32-51% identities to the epsilon-class GSTs from other organisms. The recombinant proteins were functionally overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells in soluble form and were purified to homogeneity. The enzymes were capable of catalyzing the bioconjugation of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 1,2-epoxy-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)-propane, and ethacrynic acid. A competition assay revealed that the GST activity was inhibited by insecticides, suggesting that it could be conducive to insecticide tolerance in the tobacco cutworm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kazuei Mita
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yamamoto K, Hirowatari A, Shiotsuki T, Yamada N. Biochemical characterization of an unclassified glutathione S-transferase of Plutella xylostella. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2016; 41:145-151. [PMID: 30363080 PMCID: PMC6140639 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d16-048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
cDNA encoding an unclassified glutathione S-transferase (GST) of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, was cloned by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The resulting clone was sequenced and the amino acid sequence deduced, revealing 67%-73% identities with unclassified GSTs from other organisms. A recombinant protein was functionally overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells in a soluble form and purified to homogeneity. The enzyme was capable to catalyze the transformation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and ethacrynic acid with glutathione. A competition assay revealed that GST activity was inhibited by insecticides, suggesting that the enzyme could contribute to insecticide metabolism in the diamondback moth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Yamamoto
- Kyushu University Graduate School, 6–10–1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812–8581, Japan
| | - Aiko Hirowatari
- Kyushu University Graduate School, 6–10–1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812–8581, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shiotsuki
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8634, Japan
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Kyushu University Graduate School, 6–10–1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812–8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Identification of a diazinon-metabolizing glutathione S-transferase in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30073. [PMID: 27440377 PMCID: PMC4954967 DOI: 10.1038/srep30073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferase superfamily play key roles in the metabolism of numerous xenobiotics. We report herein the identification and characterization of a novel glutathione S-transferase in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The enzyme (bmGSTu2) conjugates glutathione to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, as well as metabolizing diazinon, one of the organophosphate insecticides. Quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis of transcripts demonstrated that bmGSTu2 expression was induced 1.7-fold in a resistant strain of B. mori. Mutagenesis of putative amino acid residues in the glutathione-binding site revealed that Ile54, Glu66, Ser67, and Asn68 are crucial for enzymatic function. These results provide insights into the catalysis of glutathione conjugation in silkworm by bmGSTu2 and into the detoxification of organophosphate insecticides.
Collapse
|
15
|
Dai L, Ma J, Ma M, Zhang H, Shi Q, Zhang R, Chen H. Characterisation of GST genes from the Chinese white pine beetle Dendroctonus armandi (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and their response to host chemical defence. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2016; 72:816-827. [PMID: 26079390 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bark beetles rely on their detoxifying enzymes to resist the defensive terpenoids of host trees. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) conjugate xenobiotic compounds with a glutathione moiety (GSH) and often work in tandem with cytochromes P450 or other enzymes that aid in the detoxification, sequestration or excretion of toxic compounds. RESULT We identified nine new GST genes in the Chinese white pine beetle (Dendroctonus armandi) and carried out a bioinformatics analysis on the deduced full-length amino acid sequences. These genes belong to four different classes (epsilon, sigma, omega and theta). Differential transcript levels of each class of GST genes were observed between sexes, and, within these levels, significant differences were found among the different adult substages that were fed phloem of Pinus armandi and exposed to six stimuli [(±)-α-pinene, (-)-α-pinene, (-)-β-pinene, (+)-3-carene, (±)-limonene and turpentine] at 8 and 24 h. CONCLUSION The increased transcription levels of GST genes suggested that they have some relationship with the detoxification of terpenoids that are released by host trees. The mediating oxidative stress that is caused by monoterpene might be the main role of the bark beetle GSTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Dai
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junning Ma
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingyuan Ma
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Shi
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhou L, Fang SM, Huang K, Yu QY, Zhang Z. Characterization of an epsilon-class glutathione S-transferase involved in tolerance in the silkworm larvae after long term exposure to insecticides. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 120:20-26. [PMID: 26024810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of the pesticides on activity and expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in the midgut of the silkworm after intense selections by phoxim and fenpropathrin for five and four generations, respectively. GSTs activity towards cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), a substrate of GSH-dependent peroxidase, was significantly increased in the crude homogenate of midguts after long term exposure to the insecticides. An epsilon-class GST gene (BmGSTe2) was identified and showed elevated expression in the midguts of phoxim- and fenpropathrin-selected strains. Expression of BmGSTe2 was only detected in the midgut at transcriptional and translational levels. The recombinant BmGSTE2 possessed peroxidase activity and significantly inhibited by fenpropathrin, phoxim and chlorpyrifos in vitro. These results indicated that BmGSTE2 might be one of the enzymes involved in enhancing larval tolerance to the insecticides used. Furthermore, GST activity and expression level of BmGSTe2 might be used as biomarkers of organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticide exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shou-Min Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Forestry and Life Sciences, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Yongchuan 402160, China
| | - Quan-You Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Scian M, Le Trong I, Mazari AMA, Mannervik B, Atkins WM, Stenkamp RE. Comparison of epsilon- and delta-class glutathione S-transferases: the crystal structures of the glutathione S-transferases DmGSTE6 and DmGSTE7 from Drosophila melanogaster. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:2089-98. [PMID: 26457432 PMCID: PMC4601370 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715013929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytosolic glutathione transferases (GSTs) comprise a large family of enzymes with canonical structures that diverge functionally and structurally among mammals, invertebrates and plants. Whereas mammalian GSTs have been characterized extensively with regard to their structure and function, invertebrate GSTs remain relatively unstudied. The invertebrate GSTs do, however, represent potentially important drug targets for infectious diseases and agricultural applications. In addition, it is essential to fully understand the structure and function of invertebrate GSTs, which play important roles in basic biological processes. Invertebrates harbor delta- and epsilon-class GSTs, which are not found in other organisms. Drosophila melanogaster GSTs (DmGSTs) are likely to contribute to detoxication or antioxidative stress during development, but they have not been fully characterized. Here, the structures of two epsilon-class GSTs from Drosophila, DmGSTE6 and DmGSTE7, are reported at 2.1 and 1.5 Å resolution, respectively, and are compared with other GSTs to identify structural features that might correlate with their biological functions. The structures of DmGSTE6 and DmGSTE7 are remarkably similar; the structures do not reveal obvious sources of the minor functional differences that have been observed. The main structural difference between the epsilon- and delta-class GSTs is the longer helix (A8) at the C-termini of the epsilon-class enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Scian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 357610, Seattle, WA 98195-7610, USA
| | - Isolde Le Trong
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Box 357420, Seattle, WA 98195-7420, USA
- Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Box 357742, Seattle, WA 98195-7742, USA
| | - Aslam M. A. Mazari
- Department of Neurochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Mannervik
- Department of Neurochemistry, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, SE-10 691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William M. Atkins
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 357610, Seattle, WA 98195-7610, USA
| | - Ronald E. Stenkamp
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Box 357420, Seattle, WA 98195-7420, USA
- Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Box 357742, Seattle, WA 98195-7742, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Box 357430, Seattle, WA 98195-7430, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen XY, Liu J, Zhang CD, Li YF, Liu TH, Wang L, Yu QY, Zhang YH, Lu C, Pan MH. The silkworm GSTe4 is sensitive to phoxim and protects HEK293 cells against UV-induced cell apoptosis. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2015; 105:399-407. [PMID: 25850432 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs, EC 2.5.1.18) are a family of super enzymes with multiple functions that play a major role in the detoxification of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. In our previous study, we have predicted 23 putative cytosolic GSTs in the silkworm genome using bioinformatic methods. In this study, we cloned and studied the insect-specific epsilon-class GST gene GSTe4 from the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The recombinant BmGSTe4 (Bac-BmGSTe4) was overexpressed in SF-9 cell lines, and it was found to have effective GST activity. We also found that the expression of BmGSTe4 was especially down-regulated after the silkworms were fumigated with or ingested phoxim. Moreover, BmGSTe4 protected HEK293 cells against UV-induced cell apoptosis. These results demonstrated that BmGSTe4 has GST activity, is sensitive to phoxim, and plays a role in inhibition of UV-induced cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - J Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - C D Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - Y F Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - T H Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - L Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - Q Y Yu
- The Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China
| | - Y H Zhang
- The Sericultural Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science,Sichuan 637000,China
| | - C Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| | - M H Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu ZB, Zou XP, Zhang N, Feng QL, Zheng SC. Detoxification of insecticides, allechemicals and heavy metals by glutathione S-transferase SlGSTE1 in the gut of Spodoptera litura. INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 22:503-511. [PMID: 24863567 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Insect glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play important roles in detoxifying toxic compounds and eliminating oxidative stress caused by these compounds. In this study, detoxification activity of the epsilon GST SlGSTE1 in Spodoptera litura was analyzed for several insecticides and heavy metals. SlGSTE1 was significantly up-regulated by chlorpyrifos and xanthotoxin in the midgut of S. litura. The recombinant SlGSTE1 had Vmax (reaction rate of the enzyme saturated with the substrate) and Km (michaelis constant and equals to the substrate concentration at half of the maximum reaction rate of the enzyme) values of 27.95 ± 0.88 μmol/min/mg and 0.87 ± 0.028 mmol/L for glutathione, respectively, and Vmax and Km values of 22.96 ± 0.78 μmol/min/mg and 0.83 ± 0.106 mmol/L for 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, respectively. In vitro enzyme indirect activity assay showed that the recombinant SlGSTE1 possessed high binding activities to the insecticides chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, malathion, phoxim and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT). SlGSTE1 showed higher binding activity to toxic heavy metals cadmium, chromium and lead than copper and zinc that are required for insect normal growth. Western blot analysis showed that SlGSTE1 was induced in the gut of larvae fed with chlorpyrifos or cadmium. SlGSTE1 also showed high peroxidase activity. All the results together indicate that SlGSTE1 may play an important role in the gut of S. litura to protect the insect from the toxic effects of these compounds and heavy metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Entomology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Zou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Entomology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Entomology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qi-Li Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Entomology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Si-Chun Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Entomology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen X, Zhang YL. Identification and characterisation of multiple glutathione S-transferase genes from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2015; 71:592-600. [PMID: 25124192 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is one of the most harmful insect pests on crucifer crops worldwide. In this study, 19 cDNAs encoding glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) were identified from the genomic and transcriptomic database for DBM (KONAGAbase) and further characterized. RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 19 GSTs were classified into six different cytosolic classes, including four in delta, six in epsilon, three in omega, two in sigma, one in theta and one in zeta. Two GSTs were unclassified. RT-PCR analysis revealed that most GST genes were expressed in all developmental stages, with higher expression in the larval stages. Six DBM GSTs were expressed at the highest levels in the midgut tissue. Twelve purified recombinant GSTs showed varied enzymatic properties towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and glutathione, whereas rPxGSTo2, rPxGSTz1 and rPxGSTu2 had no activity. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that expression levels of the 19 DBM GST genes were varied and changed after exposure to acephate, indoxacarb, beta-cypermethrin and spinosad. PxGSTd3 was significantly overexpressed, while PxGSTe3 and PxGSTs2 were significantly downregulated by all four insecticide exposures. CONCLUSION The changes in DBM GST gene expression levels exposed to different insecticides indicate that they may play individual roles in tolerance to insecticides and xenobiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi'en Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hossain MDT, Yamada N, Yamamoto K. Glutathione-binding site of a bombyx mori theta-class glutathione transferase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97740. [PMID: 24848539 PMCID: PMC4029803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutathione transferase (GST) superfamily plays key roles in the detoxification of various xenobiotics. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a silkworm protein belonging to a previously reported theta-class GST family. The enzyme (bmGSTT) catalyzes the reaction of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 1,2-epoxy-3-(4-nitrophenoxy)-propane, and 4-nitrophenethyl bromide. Mutagenesis of highly conserved residues in the catalytic site revealed that Glu66 and Ser67 are important for enzymatic function. These results provide insights into the catalysis of glutathione conjugation in silkworm by bmGSTT and into the metabolism of exogenous chemical agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naotaka Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohji Yamamoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University Graduate School, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|