1
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Zou M, Pezoldt J, Mohr J, Philipsen L, Leufgen A, Cerovic V, Wiechers C, Pils M, Ortiz D, Hao L, Yang J, Beckstette M, Dupont A, Hornef M, Dersch P, Strowig T, Müller AJ, Raila J, Huehn J. Early-life vitamin A treatment rescues neonatal infection-induced durably impaired tolerogenic properties of celiac lymph nodes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114153. [PMID: 38687643 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut-draining mesenteric and celiac lymph nodes (mLNs and celLNs) critically contribute to peripheral tolerance toward food and microbial antigens by supporting the de novo induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs). These tolerogenic properties of mLNs and celLNs are stably imprinted within stromal cells (SCs) by microbial signals and vitamin A (VA), respectively. Here, we report that a single, transient gastrointestinal infection in the neonatal, but not adult, period durably abrogates the efficient Treg-inducing capacity of celLNs by altering the subset composition and gene expression profile of celLNSCs. These cells carry information about the early-life pathogen encounter until adulthood and durably instruct migratory dendritic cells entering the celLN with reduced tolerogenic properties. Mechanistically, transiently reduced VA levels cause long-lasting celLN functional impairment, which can be rescued by early-life treatment with VA. Together, our data highlight the therapeutic potential of VA to prevent sequelae post gastrointestinal infections in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangge Zou
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joern Pezoldt
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juliane Mohr
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars Philipsen
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Multi-Parametric Bioimaging and Cytometry (MPBIC) Platform, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Leufgen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Vuk Cerovic
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carolin Wiechers
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina Pils
- Mouse Pathology Platform, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Diego Ortiz
- Department Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lianxu Hao
- Department Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Juhao Yang
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Beckstette
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aline Dupont
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathias Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Petra Dersch
- Institute for Infectiology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Associated Site University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas J Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Multi-Parametric Bioimaging and Cytometry (MPBIC) Platform, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Intravital Microscopy in Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jens Raila
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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2
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Torres DJ, Mrass P, Byrum J, Gonzales A, Martinez DN, Juarez E, Thompson E, Vezys V, Moses ME, Cannon JL. Quantitative analyses of T cell motion in tissue reveals factors driving T cell search in tissues. eLife 2023; 12:e84916. [PMID: 37870221 PMCID: PMC10672806 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are required to clear infection, and T cell motion plays a role in how quickly a T cell finds its target, from initial naive T cell activation by a dendritic cell to interaction with target cells in infected tissue. To better understand how different tissue environments affect T cell motility, we compared multiple features of T cell motion including speed, persistence, turning angle, directionality, and confinement of T cells moving in multiple murine tissues using microscopy. We quantitatively analyzed naive T cell motility within the lymph node and compared motility parameters with activated CD8 T cells moving within the villi of small intestine and lung under different activation conditions. Our motility analysis found that while the speeds and the overall displacement of T cells vary within all tissues analyzed, T cells in all tissues tended to persist at the same speed. Interestingly, we found that T cells in the lung show a marked population of T cells turning at close to 180o, while T cells in lymph nodes and villi do not exhibit this "reversing" movement. T cells in the lung also showed significantly decreased meandering ratios and increased confinement compared to T cells in lymph nodes and villi. These differences in motility patterns led to a decrease in the total volume scanned by T cells in lung compared to T cells in lymph node and villi. These results suggest that the tissue environment in which T cells move can impact the type of motility and ultimately, the efficiency of T cell search for target cells within specialized tissues such as the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulus Mrass
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueUnited States
| | - Janie Byrum
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueUnited States
| | | | | | | | - Emily Thompson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Vaiva Vezys
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisUnited States
| | - Melanie E Moses
- Department of Computer Science, University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueUnited States
| | - Judy L Cannon
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueUnited States
- Autophagy, Inflammation, and Metabolism Center of Biomedical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueUnited States
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3
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Wang L, Suryawanshi GW, Kim S, Guan X, Bonifacino AC, Metzger ME, Donahue RE, Kim S, Chen ISY. CD3-immunotoxin mediated depletion of T cells in lymphoid tissues of rhesus macaques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19435. [PMID: 37810095 PMCID: PMC10558572 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective T-cell depletion prior to cell or organ transplantation is considered a preconditioning regimen to induce tolerance and immunosuppression. An immunotoxin consisting of a recombinant anti-CD3 antibody conjugated with diphtheria toxin was used to eliminate T-cells. It showed significant T-cell depletion activity in the peripheral blood and lymph nodes in animal models used in previous studies. To date, a comprehensive evaluation of T-cell depletion and CD3 proliferation for all lymphoid tissues has not been conducted. Here, two rhesus macaques were administered A-dmDT390-SCFBdb (CD3-IT) intravenously at 25 μg/kg twice daily for four days. Samples were collected one day prior to and four days post administration. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate treatment efficiency accurately. Our preliminary results suggest that CD3-IT treatment may induce higher depletion of CD3 and CD4 T-cells in the lymph nodes and spleen, but is ineffective in the colon and thymus. The data showed a better elimination tendency of CD4 T-cells in the B-cell zone relative to the germinal center in the lymph nodes. Further, CD3-IT treatment may lead to a reduction in germinal center T follicular helper CD4 cells in the lymph nodes compared to healthy controls. The number of proliferating CD3 T-cell indicated that repopulation in different lymphoid tissues may occur four days post treatment. Our results provide insights into the differential efficacy of CD3-IT treatment and T-cell proliferation post treatment in different lymphoid tissues. Overall, CD3-IT treatment shows potential efficacy in depleting T-cells in the periphery, lymph nodes, and spleen, making it a viable preconditioning regimen for cell or organ transplantation. Our pilot study provides critical descriptive statistics and can contribute to the design of larger future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Gajendra W Suryawanshi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shihyoung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aylin C Bonifacino
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Mark E Metzger
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Robert E Donahue
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Sanggu Kim
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Irvin S Y Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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4
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Wu K, Han N, Mao Y, Li Y. Increased levels of PD1 and glycolysis in CD4 + T cells are positively associated with lymph node metastasis in OSCC. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:356. [PMID: 37270478 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical lymph node metastasis is one of the poorest prognostic factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Activated immune cells generally have metabolic abnormalities in the tumour microenvironment. However, it is unknown whether abnormal glycolysis in T cells could facilitate metastatic lymph nodes in OSCC patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of immune checkpoints in metastatic lymph nodes and determine the correlation between glycolysis and immune checkpoint expression in CD4+ T cells. METHODS Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were used to analyse the differences in CD4+ PD1+ T cells between metastatic lymph nodes (LN+) and negative lymph nodes (LN-). RT‒PCR was performed to detail the expression of immune checkpoints and glycolysis-related enzymes in LN+ and LN-. RESULTS The frequency of CD4+ T cells decreased in LN+ patients (p = 0.0019). The PD1 expression of LN+ increased markedly compared to that of LN- (p = 0.0205). Similarly, the PD1 of CD4+ T cells in LN+ increased significantly compared to that of LN-. Additionally, glycolysis-related enzyme levels in CD4+ T cells from LN+ patients were dramatically higher than those in LN- patients. PD1 and Hk2 expression in CD4+ T cells was also increased in LN+ OSCC patients with prior surgical treatment compared to those without. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that lymph node metastasis and recurrence in OSCC are associated with increases in PD1 and glycolysis in CD4+ T cells; this response may serve as a potential regulator of OSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nannan Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin road, No. 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Jalkanen S, Salmi M. Lymphocyte Adhesion and Trafficking. Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-8165-1.00016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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6
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Takeda A, Salmi M, Jalkanen S. Lymph node lymphatic endothelial cells as multifaceted gatekeepers in the immune system. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:72-86. [PMID: 36463086 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell technologies have recently allowed the identification of multiple lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) subsets in subcapsular, paracortical, medullary, and other lymph node (LN) sinus systems in mice and humans. New analyses show that LECs serve key immunological functions in the LN stroma during immune responses. We discuss the roles of different LEC types in guiding leukocyte and cancer cell trafficking to and from the LN parenchyma, in capturing microbes, and in transporting, presenting, and storing lymph-borne antigens in distinct types of lymphatic sinuses. We underscore specific adaptations of human LECs and raise unanswered questions concerning LEC functions in human disease. Despite our limited understanding of human lymphatics - hampering clinical translation in inflammation and metastasis - we support the potential of LN LECs as putative targets for boosting/inhibiting immunoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Takeda
- MediCity and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marko Salmi
- MediCity and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sirpa Jalkanen
- MediCity and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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7
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Pezoldt J, Wiechers C, Zou M, Litovchenko M, Biocanin M, Beckstette M, Sitnik K, Palatella M, van Mierlo G, Chen W, Gardeux V, Floess S, Ebel M, Russeil J, Arampatzi P, Vafardanejad E, Saliba AE, Deplancke B, Huehn J. Postnatal expansion of mesenteric lymph node stromal cells towards reticular and CD34 + stromal cell subsets. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7227. [PMID: 36433946 PMCID: PMC9700677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (LN) provide the framework to shape intestinal adaptive immune responses. Based on the transcriptional signatures established by our previous work, the composition and immunomodulatory function of LN stromal cells (SC) vary according to location. Here, we describe the single-cell composition and development of the SC compartment within mesenteric LNs derived from postnatal to aged mice. We identify CD34+ SC and fibroblastic reticular stromal cell (FRC) progenitors as putative progenitors, both supplying the typical rapid postnatal mesenteric LN expansion. We further establish the location-specific chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation landscape of non-endothelial SCs and identify a microbiota-independent core epigenomic signature, showing characteristic differences between SCs from mesenteric and skin-draining peripheral LNs. The epigenomic landscape of SCs points to dynamic expression of Irf3 along the differentiation trajectories of FRCs. Accordingly, a mesenchymal stem cell line acquires a Cxcl9+ FRC molecular phenotype upon lentiviral overexpression of Irf3, and the relevance of Irf3 for SC biology is further underscored by the diminished proportion of Ccl19+ and Cxcl9+ FRCs in LNs of Irf3-/- mice. Together, our data constitute a comprehensive transcriptional and epigenomic map of mesenteric LNSC development in early life and dissect location-specific, microbiota-independent properties of non-endothelial SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joern Pezoldt
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany ,grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carolin Wiechers
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mangge Zou
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Litovchenko
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marjan Biocanin
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Beckstette
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany ,grid.512472.7Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany ,grid.7491.b0000 0001 0944 9128Genome Informatics Group, Bielefeld Institute for Bioinformatics Infrastructure, Department of Technology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Sitnik
- grid.6583.80000 0000 9686 6466Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Palatella
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guido van Mierlo
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wanze Chen
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Gardeux
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Floess
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria Ebel
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Julie Russeil
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Panagiota Arampatzi
- grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Core Unit Systems Medicine, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ehsan Vafardanejad
- grid.498164.6Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- grid.498164.6Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bart Deplancke
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Laboratory of Systems Biology and Genetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Huehn
- grid.7490.a0000 0001 2238 295XDepartment Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany ,grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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8
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Hagen M, Chakraborty T, Olson WJ, Heitz M, Hermann-Kleiter N, Kimpel J, Jenewein B, Pertoll J, Labi V, Rajewsky K, Derudder E. miR-142 favors naïve B cell residence in peripheral lymph nodes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:847415. [PMID: 36439112 PMCID: PMC9686386 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.847415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte development proceeds through a well-ordered sequence of steps, leading to the formation of a sizeable mature B population recognizing a diversity of antigens. These latter cells are ultimately responsible for the production of antibodies upon immune challenges. The detection of threats to the organism is facilitated by the ability of naïve follicular B cells, the main subset of mature B cells in mice, to circulate between lymphoid tissues in search of their cognate antigens. miRNA-mediated fine-tuning of mRNA stability and translation participates in the optimal expression of genetic programs. This regulatory mechanism has been shown to contribute to B cell biology, although the role of individual miRNAs remains understudied. Here, we selectively inactivated the miR-142 locus in B cells. As a consequence, the mature B compartment was visibly perturbed, in agreement with work in miR-142 knockout mice. However, our strategy allowed us to identify roles for the miR-142 locus in B cell physiology obscured by the complexity of the immune phenotype in the null mutant mice. Thus, these miRNAs are necessary for the proper formation of the pre-B cell compartment during development. More remarkably, naïve follicular B cells demonstrated altered migratory properties upon conditional inactivation of the miR-142 locus. The latter mutant cells expressed reduced levels of the homing molecule CD62L. They also migrated more efficiently towards sphingosine-1-phosphate in vitro and displayed an increased abundance of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1, compatible with improved lymphocyte egress in vivo. In line with these observations, the ablation of the miR-142 locus in B cells caused a paucity of B cells in the lymph nodes. Mutant B cell accumulation in the latter tissues was also compromised upon transfer into a wild-type environment. These changes coincided with suboptimal levels of FOXO1, a positive regulator of CD62L transcription, in mutant B cells. Overall, our findings indicate contributions for the miR-142 locus in various aspects of the B cell life cycle. Notably, this locus appears to favor the establishment of the migratory behavior required for naïve follicular B cell patrolling activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Hagen
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tirtha Chakraborty
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital, and Immune Disease Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Vor Biopharma, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - William J. Olson
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Heitz
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Hermann-Kleiter
- Translational Cell Genetics, Department of Pharmacology and Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Janine Kimpel
- Institute of Virology, Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Public Health, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Brigitte Jenewein
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johanna Pertoll
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena Labi
- Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Rajewsky
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital, and Immune Disease Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Immune Regulation and Cancer, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Derudder
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Immune Regulation and Cancer, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Su Y, Zhang F, Wu L, Kuang H, Wang Q, Cheng G. Total withanolides ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114895. [PMID: 34875348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Datura metel L. has been used as an anesthetic in clinic for more than 1800 years in China, and the main efficacy of D. metel L. flower is relieving asthma and cough, relieving spasm and relieving pain. From 1978 to 1980, Datura metel L. was used as an anesthetic agent and occasionally cured psoriasis patients during anesthesia clinically, and our group confirmed that the effective portion is total withanolides (YWS). Moreover, the new drug "Datura metel L. capsule" composed of YWS has since been approved and used for the treatment of more than 3,000 psoriasis patients, with efficacy and cure rates greater than 90% and 65%. However, the immunological mechanism has not been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY Nowadays, although total withanolides from Datura metel L. have a better clinical efficacy in the treatment of psoriasis, there is a lack of overall understanding of the mechanism of their treatment, especially about some immune cells and proteins closely related to psoriasis and their relationship in executive function and biological significance. This study focused on investigating the mechanism of psoriasis treatment by YWS and determined the biochemical processes in the treatment of psoriasis based on Treg/Th17 axis cell-mediated bidirectional immunoregulatory functions, which provides an important scientific basis for understanding the mechanism underlying the treatment of psoriasis by YWS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of YWS on the lesion pathology of IMQ-induced psoriasis mice and the underlying molecular mechanism were assessed directly using HE staining, the PASI score and the animal body mass. We also investigated the effects of YWS on the Treg/Th17 axis and their critical functions in psoriasis pathogenesis via molecular biological methods. Finally, we performed differential proteomics analysis on skin in IMQ-induced psoriasis mice to clarify the effect of YWS by incorporates mass spectrometry-bioinformatics and annotated the functions and pathways associated with the differential proteins through GO enrichment, KEGG pathway analysis and PPI networks analysis, respectively. RESULTS YWS regulated the imbalance of the Treg/Th17 axis. And proteomic analysis showed that YWS up-regulated 46 and down-regulated 37 proteins. According to the bioinformatics analysis, the improvement of Treg/Th17 imbalance may be the key immunological mechanism of YWS in the treatment of psoriasis by up-regulating the butyrate metabolism pathway, down-regulating leukocyte migration, inhibiting the phagocytic function of natural killer cells, suppressing osteoclast differentiation and interfering with chemokine activity, and the critical proteins involved are Lyn, HMGCS2, ABAT, ITGβ2, PRKCβ, MMP9, NCF1, JUNβ, and Hck. CONCLUSION This research clarified that the improvement of the imbalance of the Treg/Th17 axis may be the key immunological mechanism of YWS in the treatment of psoriasis through metabolic pathways and influencing key proteins. The results not only expand the therapeutic targets and approaches for the treatment of psoriasis, which is a challenging and complex disease, but also deepens the understanding of the mechanism of YWS in the treatment of psoriasis and other important conditions to open up a new way of thinking for research on YWS in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Northern Medicine, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Northern Medicine, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Lun Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Haixue Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Northern Medicine, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Faculty of Microbiology and Immunogenetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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10
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Kohli K, Pillarisetty VG, Kim TS. Key chemokines direct migration of immune cells in solid tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:10-21. [PMID: 33603130 PMCID: PMC8761573 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration into solid tumors, their movement within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and interaction with other immune cells are controlled by their directed migration towards gradients of chemokines. Dysregulated chemokine signaling in TME favors the growth of tumors, exclusion of effector immune cells, and abundance of immunosuppressive cells. Key chemokines directing the migration of immune cells into tumor tissue have been identified. In this review, we discuss well-studied chemokine receptors that regulate migration of effector and immunosuppressive immune cells in the context of cancer immunology. We discuss preclinical models that have described the role of respective chemokine receptors in immune cell migration into TME and review preclinical and clinical studies that target chemokine signaling as standalone or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Kohli
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Venu G. Pillarisetty
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Teresa S. Kim
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
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11
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Bala N, McGurk AI, Zilch T, Rup AN, Carter EM, Leddon SA, Fowell DJ. T cell activation niches-Optimizing T cell effector function in inflamed and infected tissues. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:164-180. [PMID: 34859453 PMCID: PMC9218983 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Successful immunity to infection, malignancy, and tissue damage requires the coordinated recruitment of numerous immune cell subsets to target tissues. Once within the target tissue, effector T cells rely on local chemotactic cues and structural cues from the tissue matrix to navigate the tissue, interact with antigen-presenting cells, and release effector cytokines. This highly dynamic process has been "caught on camera" in situ by intravital multiphoton imaging. Initial studies revealed a surprising randomness to the pattern of T cell migration through inflamed tissues, behavior thought to facilitate chance encounters with rare antigen-bearing cells. Subsequent tissue-wide visualization has uncovered a high degree of spatial preference when it comes to T cell activation. Here, we discuss the basic tenants of a successful effector T cell activation niche, taking cues from the dynamics of Tfh positioning in the lymph node germinal center. In peripheral tissues, steady-state microanatomical organization may direct the location of "pop-up" de novo activation niches, often observed as perivascular clusters, that support early effector T cell activation. These perivascular activation niches appear to be regulated by site-specific chemokines that coordinate the recruitment of dendritic cells and other innate cells for local T cell activation, survival, and optimized effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Bala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Alexander I McGurk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Tiago Zilch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Anastasia N Rup
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Evan M Carter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Scott A Leddon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Deborah J Fowell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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12
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Bule P, Aguiar SI, Aires-Da-Silva F, Dias JNR. Chemokine-Directed Tumor Microenvironment Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9804. [PMID: 34575965 PMCID: PMC8464715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of small chemotactic cytokines that coordinates immune cell trafficking. In cancer, they have a pivotal role in the migration pattern of immune cells into the tumor, thereby shaping the tumor microenvironment immune profile, often towards a pro-tumorigenic state. Furthermore, chemokines can directly target non-immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, including cancer, stromal and vascular endothelial cells. As such, chemokines participate in several cancer development processes such as angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer cell proliferation, stemness and invasiveness, and are therefore key determinants of disease progression, with a strong influence in patient prognosis and response to therapy. Due to their multifaceted role in the tumor immune response and tumor biology, the chemokine network has emerged as a potential immunotherapy target. Under the present review, we provide a general overview of chemokine effects on several tumoral processes, as well as a description of the currently available chemokine-directed therapies, highlighting their potential both as monotherapy or in combination with standard chemotherapy or other immunotherapies. Finally, we discuss the most critical challenges and prospects of developing targeted chemokines as therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joana Nunes Ribeiro Dias
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.B.); (S.I.A.); (F.A.-D.-S.)
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13
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Lymph-Derived Neutrophils Primarily Locate to the Subcapsular and Medullary Sinuses in Resting and Inflamed Lymph Nodes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061486. [PMID: 34204825 PMCID: PMC8231499 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first immune cells to be recruited from the blood to the tissue site of an infection or inflammation. It has been suggested that neutrophils are capable of migrating from the infected tissue via lymphatic vessels to the draining lymph nodes. However, it remains elusive as to which areas within the lymph nodes can be reached by such reversely migrating cells. To address this question, we applied a model for adoptive neutrophil transfer into the afferent lymphatic vessel that drains towards the popliteal lymph node in mice. We showed that resting and in vitro-activated neutrophils did not enter the lymph node parenchyma but localized primarily in the subcapsular and medullary sinuses. Within the medulla, neutrophils show random migration and are able to sense laser-induced sterile tissue injury by massively swarming to the damaged tissue site. Co-injected dendritic cells supported the entry of resting neutrophils into the lymph node parenchyma via the subcapsular sinus. In contrast, in vivo-activated adoptively transferred neutrophils were capable of migrating into the interfollicular areas of the lymph node. Collectively, the data presented here give further insights into the functional behavior of neutrophils within the lymph nodes.
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14
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In Sickness and in Health: The Immunological Roles of the Lymphatic System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094458. [PMID: 33923289 PMCID: PMC8123157 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic system plays crucial roles in immunity far beyond those of simply providing conduits for leukocytes and antigens in lymph fluid. Endothelial cells within this vasculature are distinct and highly specialized to perform roles based upon their location. Afferent lymphatic capillaries have unique intercellular junctions for efficient uptake of fluid and macromolecules, while expressing chemotactic and adhesion molecules that permit selective trafficking of specific immune cell subsets. Moreover, in response to events within peripheral tissue such as inflammation or infection, soluble factors from lymphatic endothelial cells exert “remote control” to modulate leukocyte migration across high endothelial venules from the blood to lymph nodes draining the tissue. These immune hubs are highly organized and perfectly arrayed to survey antigens from peripheral tissue while optimizing encounters between antigen-presenting cells and cognate lymphocytes. Furthermore, subsets of lymphatic endothelial cells exhibit differences in gene expression relating to specific functions and locality within the lymph node, facilitating both innate and acquired immune responses through antigen presentation, lymph node remodeling and regulation of leukocyte entry and exit. This review details the immune cell subsets in afferent and efferent lymph, and explores the mechanisms by which endothelial cells of the lymphatic system regulate such trafficking, for immune surveillance and tolerance during steady-state conditions, and in response to infection, acute and chronic inflammation, and subsequent resolution.
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15
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Bekkhus T, Martikainen T, Olofsson A, Franzén Boger M, Vasiliu Bacovia D, Wärnberg F, Ulvmar MH. Remodeling of the Lymph Node High Endothelial Venules Reflects Tumor Invasiveness in Breast Cancer and is Associated with Dysregulation of Perivascular Stromal Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020211. [PMID: 33430113 PMCID: PMC7827313 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) are primary sites for induction of tumor immunity. They are also common sites of metastasis, suggesting that tumor-induced mechanisms can subvert anti-tumor immune responses and promote metastatic seeding. The high endothelial venules (HEVs) together with CCL21-expressing fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are essential for lymphocyte recruitment into the LNs. We established multicolor antibody panels for evaluation of HEVs and FRCs in TDLNs from breast cancer (BC) patients. Our data show that patients with invasive BC display extensive structural and molecular remodeling of the HEVs, including vessel dilation, thinning of the endothelium and discontinuous expression of the HEV-marker PNAd. Remodeling of the HEVs was associated with dysregulation of CCL21 in perivascular FRCs and with accumulation of CCL21-saturated lymphocytes, which we link to loss of CCL21-binding heparan sulfate in FRCs. These changes were rare or absent in LNs from patients with non-invasive BC and cancer-free organ donors and were observed independent of nodal metastasis. Thus, pre-metastatic dysregulation of core stromal and vascular functions within TDLNs reflect the primary tumor invasiveness in BC. This adds to the understanding of cancer-induced perturbation of the immune response and opens for prospects of vascular and stromal changes in TDLNs as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Bekkhus
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.B.); (T.M.); (A.O.); (M.F.B.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Teemu Martikainen
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.B.); (T.M.); (A.O.); (M.F.B.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Anna Olofsson
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.B.); (T.M.); (A.O.); (M.F.B.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Mathias Franzén Boger
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.B.); (T.M.); (A.O.); (M.F.B.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Daniel Vasiliu Bacovia
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.B.); (T.M.); (A.O.); (M.F.B.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Fredrik Wärnberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Maria H. Ulvmar
- The Beijer Laboratory, Department Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (T.B.); (T.M.); (A.O.); (M.F.B.); (D.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-737834297
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16
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D'Agostino G, Artinger M, Locati M, Perez L, Legler DF, Bianchi ME, Rüegg C, Thelen M, Marchese A, Rocchi MBL, Cecchinato V, Uguccioni M. β-Arrestin1 and β-Arrestin2 Are Required to Support the Activity of the CXCL12/HMGB1 Heterocomplex on CXCR4. Front Immunol 2020; 11:550824. [PMID: 33072091 PMCID: PMC7533569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.550824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 plays a fundamental role in homeostasis and pathology by orchestrating recruitment and positioning of immune cells, under the guidance of a CXCL12 gradient. The ability of chemokines to form heterocomplexes, enhancing their function, represents an additional level of regulation on their cognate receptors. In particular, the multi-faceted activity of the heterocomplex formed between CXCL12 and the alarmin HMGB1 is emerging as an unexpected player able to modulate a variety of cell responses, spanning from tissue regeneration to chronic inflammation. Nowadays, little is known on the selective signaling pathways activated when CXCR4 is triggered by the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex. In the present work, we demonstrate that this heterocomplex acts as a CXCR4 balanced agonist, activating both G protein and β-arrestins-mediated signaling pathways to sustain chemotaxis. We generated β-arrestins knock out HeLa cells by CRISPR/Cas9 technology and show that the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex-mediated actin polymerization is primarily β-arrestin1 dependent, while chemotaxis requires both β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2. Triggering of CXCR4 with the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex leads to an unexpected receptor retention on the cell surface, which depends on β-arrestin2. In conclusion, the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex engages the β-arrestin proteins differently from CXCL12, promoting a prompt availability of CXCR4 on the cell surface, and enhancing directional cell migration. These data unveil the signaling induced by the CXCL12/HMGB1 heterocomplex in view of identifying biased CXCR4 antagonists or agonists targeting the variety of functions it exerts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca D'Agostino
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Marc Artinger
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurent Perez
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg) at the University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland.,Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco E Bianchi
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Curzio Rüegg
- Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Thelen
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Marchese
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Marco B L Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Biostatistics Unit, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Valentina Cecchinato
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Mariagrazia Uguccioni
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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17
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Jackson-Jones LH, Bénézech C. FALC stromal cells define a unique immunological niche for the surveillance of serous cavities. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 64:42-49. [PMID: 32353646 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The serous cavities contain specialised adipose tissues which house small clusters of immune cells known as fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs). The continuous flow of fluid from the serous cavities through FALCs makes them unique niches for the clearance of fluid phase contaminants and initiation of locally protective immune responses during infection and inflammation. Development, and activation of FALCs both at homeostasis and following inflammation are co-ordinated by the close interaction of mesothelial and fibroblastic stromal cell populations with immune cells. In this review we discuss recent developments in FALC stromal cell biology and highlight key interactions that occur between FALC stroma and immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy H Jackson-Jones
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Cécile Bénézech
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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18
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Koning JJ, Mebius RE. Stromal cells and immune cells involved in formation of lymph nodes and their niches. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 64:20-25. [PMID: 32325389 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Secondary lymphoid organs are critical for efficient interaction between innate antigen presenting cells and adaptive lymphocytes in order to start adaptive immune responses. The efficiency by which these cellular subsets meet is highly increased by the orchestrating role of stromal cells within the secondary lymphoid organs. These cells provide cytokines, chemokines and cell surface receptors necessary for survival and guided migration. This increases the likelihood that antigen specific adaptive immune responses occur. Already from initial formation of secondary lymphoid organs, the interaction of immune cells with stromal cells is crucial and this interaction continues during immune activation. With the recent discovery of many stromal cell subsets new immune micro-niches with specific functions that are orchestrated by stromal cells will be discovered. Here, we will discuss how the development of lymph nodes as well as their specific niches is guided by the interaction of immune cells and stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper J Koning
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University of Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reina E Mebius
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University of Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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