1
|
Jou E. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine-mediated immune orchestration in the tumour microenvironment and their therapeutic potential. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:474-497. [PMID: 37455828 PMCID: PMC10345208 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death worldwide despite modern breakthroughs in medicine, and novel treatments are urgently needed. The revolutionary success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the past decade serves as proof of concept that the immune system can be effectively harnessed to treat cancer. Cytokines are small signalling proteins with critical roles in orchestrating the immune response and have become an attractive target for immunotherapy. Type 1 immune cytokines, including interferon γ (IFNγ), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα), have been shown to have largely tumour suppressive roles in part through orchestrating anti-tumour immune responses mediated by natural killer (NK) cells, CD8+ T cells and T helper 1 (Th1) cells. Conversely, type 2 immunity involving group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and Th2 cells are involved in tissue regeneration and wound repair and are traditionally thought to have pro-tumoural effects. However, it is found that the classical type 2 immune cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 may have conflicting roles in cancer. Similarly, type 2 immunity-related cytokines IL-25 and IL-33 with recently characterised roles in cancer may either promote or suppress tumorigenesis in a context-dependent manner. Furthermore, type 1 cytokines IFNγ and TNFα have also been found to have pro-tumoural effects under certain circumstances, further complicating the overall picture. Therefore, the dichotomy of type 1 and type 2 cytokines inhibiting and promoting tumours respectively is not concrete, and attempts of utilising these for cancer immunotherapy must take into account all available evidence. This review provides an overview summarising the current understanding of type 1 and type 2 cytokines in tumour immunity and discusses the prospects of harnessing these for immunotherapy in light of previous and ongoing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jou
- Queens’ College, University of Cambridge, CB3 9ET Cambridge, UK
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CB2 0QH Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Development of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma during prophylactic antibiotic treatment for anti-interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome: A case report. J Infect Chemother 2022; 28:1562-1566. [PMID: 35931413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Anti-interferon (IFN)-γ autoantibody-positive syndrome is one of the acquired non-HIV cellular immunodeficiencies, caused by abnormalities in the IFN-γ/interleukin (IL)-12 pathways. It is often diagnosed alongside the onset of disseminated mycobacterium infection, and requires continuous antimycobacterial chemotherapy; however, the detailed pathological mechanisms underlying this syndrome, including its prognosis, are not known. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma complicated by anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome, presented in an 82-year-old woman. The patient had been diagnosed with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody immunodeficiency ten years ago. She had repeated subacute fever of undetermined origin for 13 months that made us suspect infections, such as disseminated mycobacterium disease and other viral and fungal infections, despite receiving prophylactic antimycobacterial chemotherapy with rifampicin and clarithromycin. However, all the screenings performed showed no evidence of infectious diseases; thus, she was finally diagnosed with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma via a random skin biopsy. Unfortunately, the patient debilitated rapidly and died. Evidence supporting a correlation between anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome and carcinogenesis is still lacking, although it is known that patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome are at risk of persistent viral infection-related and T-cell lineage-related carcinogenesis. This case demonstrated that patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome are also at risk of developing B-cell lymphoma, such as intravascular lymphoma. This emphasizes that caution should be paid to increased risk of developing malignancy during the long-term management of anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome with cellular immunodeficiency.
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Q, Qu Y, Zhang Z, Huang H, Xu Y, Shen F, Wang L, Sun L. Injectable DNA Hydrogel-Based Local Drug Delivery and Immunotherapy. Gels 2022; 8:gels8070400. [PMID: 35877485 PMCID: PMC9320917 DOI: 10.3390/gels8070400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated drug delivery is an important direction in the field of medicine and healthcare research. In recent years, injectable hydrogels with good biocompatibility and biodegradability have attracted extensive attention due to their promising application in controlled drug release. Among them, DNA hydrogel has shown great potentials in local drug delivery and immunotherapy. DNA hydrogel is a three-dimensional network formed by cross-linking of hydrophilic DNA strands with extremely good biocompatibility. Benefiting from the special properties of DNA, including editable sequence and specificity of hybridization reactions, the mechanical properties and functions of DNA hydrogels can be precisely designed according to specific applications. In addition, other functional materials, including peptides, proteins and synthetic organic polymers can be easily integrated with DNA hydrogels, thereby enriching the functions of the hydrogels. In this review, we first summarize the types and synthesis methods of DNA hydrogels, and then review the recent research progress of injectable DNA hydrogels in local drug delivery, especially in immunotherapy. Finally, we discuss the challenges facing DNA hydrogels and future development directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yanfei Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yufei Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.X.)
| | - Fengyun Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201240, China
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Lihua Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China;
| | - Lele Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (Q.W.); (Y.Q.); (Z.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.X.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (L.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mischenko P, Egoraeva A, Tyrtyshnaia A, Kasyanov S, Ponomarenko A, Manzhulo I. Chimyl alcohol exhibits proinflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 211:30-40. [PMID: 34571511 DOI: 10.1159/000519832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Polina Mischenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Egoraeva
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Tyrtyshnaia
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Kasyanov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Arina Ponomarenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Manzhulo
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aquilani R, Brugnatelli S, Maestri R, Boschi F, Filippi B, Perrone L, Barbieri A, Buonocore D, Dossena M, Verri M. Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Percentage May Predict Chemotolerance and Survival in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Association between Adaptive Immunity and Nutritional State. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:3280-3296. [PMID: 34449579 PMCID: PMC8395458 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Carcinoma (PC) cells have the ability to induce patient immunosuppression and to escape immunosurveillance. Low circulating lymphocytes are associated with an advanced stage of PC and reduced survival. Blood lymphocytes expressed as a percentage of Total White Blood Cells (L% TWBC) could predict chemotolerance (n° of tolerated cycles), survival time and Body Weight (BW) more effectively than lymphocytes expressed as an absolute value (LAB > 1500 n°/mm3) or lymphocytes >22%, which is the lowest limit of normal values in our laboratory. Forty-one patients with advanced PC, treated with chemotherapy, were selected for this observational retrospective study. Patients were evaluated at baseline (pre-chemotherapy), and at 6, 12 and 18 months, respectively, after diagnosis of PC. The study found L ≥ 29.7% to be a better predictor of survival (COX model, using age, sex, BW, serum creatinine, bilirubin and lymphocytes as covariates), chemotolerance (r = +0.50, p = 0.001) and BW (r = +0.35, p = 0.027) than LAB > 1500 or L > 22%. BW did not significantly correlate with chemotolerance or survival. The preliminary results of this study suggest that L ≥ 29.7% is more effective than LAB > 1500 or L > 22% at predicting chemotolerance, survival time and nutritional status. A possible impact of nutritional status on chemotherapy and survival seems to be lymphocyte-mediated given the association between BW and L%. This study may serve as the basis for future research to explore whether nutritional interventions can improve lymphopenia, and if so, how this may be possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Aquilani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (D.B.); (M.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Silvia Brugnatelli
- Medical Oncology Division, Fondazione IRCCS, Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (B.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Roberto Maestri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering of the Montescano Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27040 Montescano, Italy;
| | - Federica Boschi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Filippi
- Medical Oncology Division, Fondazione IRCCS, Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (B.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Perrone
- Medical Oncology Division, Fondazione IRCCS, Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (B.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Annalisa Barbieri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (D.B.); (M.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Maurizia Dossena
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (D.B.); (M.D.); (M.V.)
| | - Manuela Verri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (D.B.); (M.D.); (M.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen-Hoai T, Kobelt D, Hohn O, Vu MD, Schlag PM, Dörken B, Norley S, Lipp M, Walther W, Pezzutto A, Westermann J. HER2/neu DNA vaccination by intradermal gene delivery in a mouse tumor model: Gene gun is superior to jet injector in inducing CTL responses and protective immunity. Oncoimmunology 2021; 1:1537-1545. [PMID: 23264900 PMCID: PMC3525609 DOI: 10.4161/onci.22563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA vaccines are potential tools for the induction of immune responses against both infectious disease and cancer. The dermal application of DNA vaccines is of particular interest since the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin are characterized by an abundance of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The aim of our study was to compare tumor protection as obtained by two different methods of intradermal DNA delivery (gene gun and jet injector) in a well-established HER2/neu mouse tumor model. BALB/c mice were immunized twice with a HER2/neu-coding plasmid by gene gun or jet injector. Mice were then subcutaneously challenged with HER2/neu+ syngeneic D2F2/E2 tumor cells. Protection against subsequent challenges with tumor cells as well as humoral and T-cell immune responses induced by the vaccine were monitored. Gene gun immunization was far superior to jet injector both in terms of tumor protection and induction of HER2/neu-specific immune responses. After gene gun immunization, 60% of the mice remained tumor-free until day 140 as compared with 25% after jet injector immunization. Furthermore, gene gun vaccination was able to induce both a strong TH1-polarized T-cell response with detectable cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity and a humoral immune response against HER2/neu, whereas the jet injector was not. Although the disadvantages that were associated with the use of the jet injector in our model may be overcome with methodological modifications and/or in larger animals, which exhibit a thicker skin and/or subcutaneous muscle tissue, we conclude that gene gun delivery constitutes the method of choice for intradermal DNA delivery in preclinical mouse models and possibly also for the clinical development of DNA-based vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tam Nguyen-Hoai
- Deptartment of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology Charité; University Medicine Berlin; Campus Berlin-Buch, Campus Benjamin Franklin and Campus Virchow-Klinikum; Berlin, Germany ; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu KH, Goel S. Transforming growth factor β in breast cancer: another new trick for the old dog. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 99:249-251. [PMID: 33280167 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two recent papers from the laboratory of Professor Ming Li demonstrate that inhibition of transforming growth factor β specifically in CD4+ T cells can suppress tumor growth through an unanticipated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hui Lu
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shom Goel
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng Q, Zhang A. Assessing potential mechanisms of arsenic-induced skin lesions and cancers: Human and in vitro evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113919. [PMID: 31995775 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to arsenic is a major public health challenge worldwide. In detailing the hallmark signs of chronic arsenic exposure, previous studies have shown that epigenetic and immune dysfunction are associated with arsenic-induced skin lesions; however, knowledge regarding interactions between the mechanisms listed above is limited. In this study, a total of 106 skin samples were collected over the past 20 years. Based on the presence or absence of high arsenic exposure, the participants were divided into arsenic exposure (72) and reference (34) groups. Additionally, the arsenic exposure group was further divided into the non-cancer group (31, including skin hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis) and the skin cancer group (41, including Bowen's disease, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) according to a skin histopathological examination. First, the associations among miR-155, NF-AT1 with immunological dysfunction and arsenic-induced skin lesions and carcinogenesis were confirmed using these skin samples. In the arsenic-exposed group, miR-155-5p, keratin 1(Krt1), keratin 10 (Krt10), and keratin 6c (Krt6c) were significantly increased in the skin (p < 0.05), while NF-AT1, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Clear correlations were observed among these factors (p < 0.05). In immortalized human keratinocytes, silencing and overexpression of NF-AT1 could alter the expression and secretion of immunological dysfunction indicators (IL-2 and IFN-γ) that are induced by arsenic exposure (p < 0.05); however, miR-155-5p levels did not change significantly (p > 0.05). The miR-155-5p mimic and inhibitor could regulate the NF-AT1-mediated immunological dysfunction caused by arsenic (p < 0.05). Our study provides some limited evidence that miR-155-5p regulates the NF-AT1-mediated immunological dysfunction that is involved in the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of arsenic. The second major finding was that Krt1 and Krt10 are markers of hyperkeratosis caused by arsenic, and Krt6c is a potential biomarker that can reflect arsenic carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xie YJ, Dougan M, Ingram JR, Pishesha N, Fang T, Momin N, Ploegh HL. Improved Antitumor Efficacy of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells that Secrete Single-Domain Antibody Fragments. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:518-529. [PMID: 32019780 PMCID: PMC7446749 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is effective in the treatment of cancers of hematopoietic origin. In the immunosuppressive solid tumor environment, CAR T cells encounter obstacles that compromise their efficacy. We developed a strategy to address these barriers by having CAR T cells secrete single-domain antibody fragments [variable heavy domain of heavy chain antibodies (VHH) or nanobodies] that can modify the intratumoral immune landscape and thus support CAR T-cell function in immunocompetent animals. VHHs are small in size and able to avoid domain swapping when multiple nanobodies are expressed simultaneously-features that can endow CAR T cells with desirable properties. The secretion of an anti-CD47 VHH by CAR T cells improves engagement of the innate immune system, enables epitope spreading, and can enhance the antitumor response. CAR T cells that secrete anti-PD-L1 or anti-CTLA-4 nanobodies show improved persistence and demonstrate the versatility of this approach. Furthermore, local delivery of secreted anti-CD47 VHH-Fc fusions by CAR T cells at the tumor site limits their systemic toxicity. CAR T cells can be further engineered to simultaneously secrete multiple modalities, allowing for even greater tailoring of the antitumor immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushu Joy Xie
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Michael Dougan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica R Ingram
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Tao Fang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Noor Momin
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pavlick A, Blazquez AB, Meseck M, Lattanzi M, Ott PA, Marron TU, Holman RM, Mandeli J, Salazar AM, McClain CB, Gimenez G, Balan S, Gnjatic S, Sabado RL, Bhardwaj N. Combined Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 Protein, Poly-ICLC, and Montanide Improves Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Patients with High-Risk Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:70-80. [PMID: 31699709 PMCID: PMC6946846 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Given its ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, NY-ESO-1 has been considered a suitable antigen for a cancer vaccine. Despite promising results from early-phase clinical studies in patients with melanoma, NY-ESO-1 vaccine immunotherapy has not been widely investigated in larger trials; consequently, many questions remain as to the optimal vaccine formulation, predictive biomarkers, and sequencing and timing of vaccines in melanoma treatment. We conducted an adjuvant phase I/II clinical trial in high-risk resected melanoma to optimize the delivery of poly-ICLC, a TLR-3/MDA-5 agonist, as a component of vaccine formulation. A phase I dose-escalation part was undertaken to identify the MTD of poly-ICLC administered in combination with NY-ESO-1 and montanide. This was followed by a randomized phase II part investigating the MTD of poly-ICLC with NY-ESO-1 with or without montanide. The vaccine regimens were generally well tolerated, with no treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events. Both regimens induced integrated NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T-cell and humoral responses. CD8+ T-cell responses were mainly detected in patients receiving montanide. T-cell avidity toward NY-ESO-1 peptides was higher in patients vaccinated with montanide. In conclusion, NY-ESO-1 protein in combination with poly-ICLC is safe, well tolerated, and capable of inducing integrated antibody and CD4+ T-cell responses in most patients. Combination with montanide enhances antigen-specific T-cell avidity and CD8+ T-cell cross-priming in a fraction of patients, indicating that montanide contributes to the induction of specific CD8+ T-cell responses to NY-ESO-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pavlick
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ana B Blazquez
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Marcia Meseck
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michael Lattanzi
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Thomas U Marron
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - John Mandeli
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | | | - Christopher B McClain
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Gustavo Gimenez
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sreekumar Balan
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Precision Immunology Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li C, Zhu D, Zhao Y, Guo Q, Sun W, Li L, Gao D, Zhao P. Dendritic Cells Therapy with Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells and Activated Cytotoxic T Cells Attenuated Th2 Bias Immune Response. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:522-534. [PMID: 31793363 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1696360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
THE AIM OF THIS STUDY The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the DC cells combined with CIK cells (DC/CIK) and DC activated cytotoxic T cells (DC-ACT) treatment can promote antitumor response and change the immune indicators by targeting the heterogeneous tumor cell populations at a system level. METHODS In this study, 112 patients with cancer were assigned to the DC/CIK treatment and 116 patients received the DC-ACT therapy. We detected the lymphocyte subsets and other immune indicators pre- and post-treatment to evaluate the changes of patient's immunity and compare the differences in immune status between two adoptive cellular immunotherapies. RESULTS DC/CIK therapy elevated the percentage of CD3+ HLA-DR+ T cells, NK cells and several serological cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6 after cell infusion (p < .05). DC-ACT therapy could increase the total CD3 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, CD3+ HLA-DR+ cells and IL-12 cytokines after cell infusion (p < .05). The levels of IL-4/IFN-γ, IL-4/IL-12 and IL-6/IL-12 were reduced significantly in the DC-ACT group compared with DC/CIK group. These observations suggested that DC-ACT therapy has more dominance to induce Th1 cytokine response instead of skewing toward the Th2 cytokine profile based on the immunomodulatory properties. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that DC, CIK, and DC-ACT cells exert anti-tumor activity through the different pathways. Thus, this work may provide valuable insights into the clinical curative effect evaluation of immunocyte therapy and the design of combined immunotherapeutic strategies for malignant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyou Li
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China.,Cancer Biotherapy Center of Qingdao Key Lab , Qingdao, China
| | - Danni Zhu
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China.,Cancer Biotherapy Center of Qingdao Key Lab , Qingdao, China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China
| | - Qingming Guo
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China.,Cancer Biotherapy Center of Qingdao Key Lab , Qingdao, China
| | - Weihong Sun
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China.,Cancer Biotherapy Center of Qingdao Key Lab , Qingdao, China
| | - Linxi Li
- Queen Mary School, Medical college of Nanchang University , Nanchang, China
| | - Daiqing Gao
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China.,Cancer Biotherapy Center of Qingdao Key Lab , Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao, China.,Cancer Biotherapy Center of Qingdao Key Lab , Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tešić N, Pekle Simonič I, Roškar K, Rožman P, Švajger U. Dendritic Cells Generated in the Presence of Platelet Lysate Have a Reduced Type 1 Polarization Capacity. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:215-231. [PMID: 31170833 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1624768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown platelet lysate (PL) can be used as a non-xenogeneic serum supplement for generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). Since DC-based activation protocols are extremely sensitive to microenvironmental changes such as replacement of culture medium, we wanted to examine the behavior of DCs cultured in the presence of PL under various type-1 activation conditions and assess their type 1 polarization capacity. We compared the quality of DCs cultured in 10% PL-supplemented RPMI medium (plDCs) with clinical-grade DCs obtained using commercially available serum-free medium (sfDCs), frequently used in established DC vaccine protocols. The DC maturation protocols consisted of either monophosphoryl lipid A/IFN-γ, poly I:C/TNF-α/IFN-α or poly I:C/R848. In general, plDCs were inferior to sfDCs in most aspects of their functional type 1 polarization characteristics. After maturation, the expression of co-stimulatory, HLA class II and lymph node-homing molecules was strongly up-regulated, with some noticeable differences. The expression of CD80 and CD86 was more extensive on plDCs, which was particularly evident in case of CCR7. However, after observing their functional capacity, plDCs had significantly lower allo-stimulatory capacity both in terms of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell stimulation. The high expression of CCR7 corresponded to higher CCL-19 directed DC migration of plDCs compared to sfDCs. Finally, their capacity to induce granzyme B and IFN-γ production in CD8+ T cells was significantly reduced in comparison to sfDCs. Based on these findings, the use of PL as an alternative serum supplement for generation of monocyte-derived DC anti-tumor vaccines is questionable.Abbreviations: Ag: antigen; CCL: chemokine ligand; CCR: chemokine receptor; DC: dendritic cells; DC-SIGN: dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin; FBS: fetal bovine serum; GMP: good manufacturing practice; IFN: interferon; IL: interleukin; MPLA: monophosphoryl lipid A; PGE: prostaglandin E; pI:C: polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid; pl: platelet lysate; sf: serum free; TLR: toll-like receptor; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Tešić
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iza Pekle Simonič
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Roškar
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Rožman
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Švajger
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Manzhulo IV, Tyrtyshnaia AA, Mischenko PV, Egoraeva AA, Belova AS, Kasyanov SP, Sultanov RM, Pislyagin EA. Alkyl Glycerols Activate RAW264.7 Macrophage Cell Line. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19858516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Manzhulo
- Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Anna A. Tyrtyshnaia
- Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Polina V. Mischenko
- Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia
| | | | | | - Sergey P. Kasyanov
- Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ruslan M. Sultanov
- Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Pislyagin
- Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Vladivostok, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eskandari S, Pattinson DJ, Stephenson RJ, Groves PL, Apte SH, Sedaghat B, Chandurudu S, Doolan DL, Toth I. Influence of Physicochemical Properties of Lipopeptide Adjuvants on the Immune Response: A Rationale for Engineering a Potent Vaccine. Chemistry 2018; 24:9892-9902. [PMID: 29707835 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adjuvant development and understanding the physicochemical properties of particles and interpreting the subsequent immunological responses is a challenge faced by many researchers in the vaccine field. We synthesized and investigated the physicochemical properties and immunogenicity of a library of multiple epitope self-adjuvant lipopeptides in a novel asymmetric arrangement. Vaccine candidates were synthesized using a combination of solid-phase peptide synthesis and copper-mediated click chemistry. In vivo studies showed that vaccine constructs containing a single OVA CD8+ T-cell epitope and two N-terminally located C16 lipid moieties were more effective at generating robust cellular immune responses compared to the same molecule containing multiple copies of the OVA CD8+ T-cell epitope with or without the C16 moieties. Furthermore, attachment of the two C16 lipids to the N-terminus provoked formation of long β-sheet fibrils and was shown to induce a higher CD8+ donor T-cell frequency and IFN-γ secretion, compared to vaccine constructs with an internal lipid placement. A regression analysis indicated that particle secondary structure had a significant impact on CD8+ donor T-cell frequency and cytolytic activity. In addition, IFN-γ production was influenced significantly by particle shape. The findings of this research will impact the future design of a vaccine intended to elicit cellular immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharareh Eskandari
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - David J Pattinson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, QIMR Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Rachel J Stephenson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Penny L Groves
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, QIMR Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Simon H Apte
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, QIMR Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Bita Sedaghat
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Saranya Chandurudu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Denise L Doolan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, QIMR Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
- Centre for Biosecurity and Tropical Infectious Diseases, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, 4878, QLD, Australia
| | - Istvan Toth
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao S, Li JY, Zheng XB, Peng F, Ye YB, Chen Q. Irradiated haploidentical donor leukocyte infusions as an adoptive immunotherapy strategy to induce host-versus-tumor effects. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:522-31. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background Previous research has shown that irradiated splenocytes preserve the antitumor effect and induce relatively weaker graft-versus-host disease in parent C57BL/6SCB6F1 transplantation. The present study was designed to investigate the antitumor effect of 5-Gy-irradiated haploidentical donor leukocyte infusions (DLI) without prior bone marrow transplantation and the possibly involved mechanism in (H-2d/k)→(H-2b/d) infusion model systems. Methods Hepa 1–6 tumor-bearing mice were used to evaluate the antitumor effect and the possible mechanism of irradiated haploidentical DLI treatment. Changes in tumor volume, lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity, IFN-gamma and IL-2 secretion and donor cell survival in vivo were analyzed. Results After irradiated haploidentical DLI treatment of the poorly immunogeneic Hepa 1–6 tumor mouse model, the donor cells were rejected and disappeared within 4 days. Surprisingly, an antitumor response was still observed. The infusion treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival of recipients, and this effect could be enhanced by combined treatment with cyclophosphamide and impaired by deleting donor-derived T cells. Moreover, the infusion treatment increased the levels of type 1 cytokines including IFN-gamma and IL-2, and enhanced the proliferation of lymphocyte subsets, particularly CD8+ T and NK cells. Specifically, multiple infusions proved to enhance the antitumor effect without inducing graft-versus-host disease. Conclusions As an adoptive therapy, irradiated haploidentical DLI without bone marrow transplantation might be a promising and safe treatment for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine
- Laboratory of Immuno-Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie-yu Li
- Laboratory of Immuno-Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-bin Zheng
- Laboratory of Immuno-Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Laboratory of Immuno-Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yun-bin Ye
- Laboratory of Immuno-Oncology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University & Fujan Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Elisia I, Pae HB, Lam V, Cederberg R, Hofs E, Krystal G. Comparison of RAW264.7, human whole blood and PBMC assays to screen for immunomodulators. J Immunol Methods 2018; 452:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
17
|
Zeng Q, Luo P, Gu J, Liang B, Liu Q, Zhang A. PKC θ-mediated Ca 2+/NF-AT signalling pathway may be involved in T-cell immunosuppression in coal-burning arsenic-poisoned population. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 55:44-50. [PMID: 28823652 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic poisoning is a worldwide endemic disease that affects thousands of people. Growing evidence from animal, cell, and human studies indicates that arsenic has deleterious effects on the immune system. The present investigation is a population-based study that observed changes in the proliferation of human T-cells and IL-2 and INF-γ mRNA expression. Our results show that coal-burning arsenic can cause T-cell immunosuppression in the population, and participates in the occurrence and development of arsenic poisoning. In addition, we analyzed the intracellular calcium index, expression of protein kinase C theta (PKC θ) and phosphorylated PKC θ, and the DNA-binding activity of NF-AT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our analysis demonstrates that the PKC θ-mediated Ca2+/NF-AT signalling pathway may be involved in the T-cell immunosuppression of coal-burning arsenic-poisoned population. This study provides important data for a mechanistic understanding of endemic arsenic poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qibing Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Junying Gu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Muramatsu D, Okabe M, Takaoka A, Kida H, Iwai A. Aureobasidium pullulans produced β-glucan is effective to enhance Kurosengoku soybean extract induced Thrombospondin-1 expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2831. [PMID: 28588201 PMCID: PMC5460285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Black yeast, Aureobasidium pullulans is extracellularly produced β-(1,3), (1,6)-D-glucan (β-glucan) under certain conditions. In this study, using Glycine max cv. Kurosengoku (Kurosengoku soybeans), the production of β-glucan through fermentation of A. pullulans was evaluated, and the effects of A. pullulans cultured fluid (AP-CF) containing β-glucan made with Kurosengoku soybeans (kAP-CF) on a human monocyte derived cell line, Mono Mac 6 cells were investigated. Concentration of β-glucan in kAP-CF reached the same level as normal AP-CF. An anti-angiogenic protein, Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) was effectively induced after the stimulation with kAP-CF for comparison with AP-CF. The THBS1 is also induced after stimulation with hot water extract of Kurosengoku soybeans (KS-E), while the combined stimulation of β-glucan with KS-E more effectively induced THBS1 than that with KS-E alone. These results suggest effects of A. pullulans-produced β-glucan on the enhancement of Kurosengoku soybean-induced THBS1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Muramatsu
- Aureo Science Co., Ltd., Hokudai Business Spring, North 21, West 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Mitsuyasu Okabe
- Aureo Co., Ltd., 54-1 Kazusakoito, Kimitsu, Chiba, 292-1149, Japan
| | - Akinori Takaoka
- Division of Signaling in Cancer and Immunology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, North 20, West 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwai
- Aureo Science Co., Ltd., Hokudai Business Spring, North 21, West 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan.
- Aureo Co., Ltd., 54-1 Kazusakoito, Kimitsu, Chiba, 292-1149, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang X, Ji J, Zhang H, Fan Z, Zhang L, Shi L, Zhou F, Chen WR, Wang H, Wang X. Stimulation of dendritic cells by DAMPs in ALA-PDT treated SCC tumor cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44688-702. [PMID: 26625309 PMCID: PMC4792585 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) not only kills tumor cells directly but also rapidly recruits and activates immune cells favoring the development of antitumor adaptive immunity. It is believed that Topical 5-aminolevulinic acid mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) can induce anti-tumor immune responses through dangerous signals damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In this study, we investigated the effect of ALA-PDT induced DAMPs on immune cells. We focused on the stimulation of dendritic cells by major DAMPs, enhanced the expression of calreticulin (CRT), heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70), and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), either individually or in combination. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo expressions of DAMPs induced by ALA-PDT using immunohistochemistry, western blot, and ELISA in a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) mouse model. The role of DAMPs in the maturation of DCs potentiated by ALA-PDT-treated tumor cells was detected by FACS and ELISA. Our results showed that ALA-PDT enhanced the expression of CRT, HSP70, and HMGB1. These induced DAMPs played an important part in activating DCs by PDT-treated tumor cells, including phenotypic maturation (increase of surface expression of MHC-II, CD80, and CD86) and functional maturation (enhanced capability to secrete IFN-γ and IL-12). Furthermore, injecting ALA-PDT-treated tumor cells into naïve mice resulted in complete protection against cancer cells of the same origin. Our findings indicate that ALA-PDT can increase DAMPs and enhance tumor immunogenicity, providing a promising strategy for inducing a systemic anticancer immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Zhixia Fan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Feifan Zhou
- Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA
| | - Wei R Chen
- Biophotonics Research Laboratory, Center for Interdisciplinary Biomedical Education and Research, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK 73034, USA.,Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai 200443, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Hutcheson J, Witkiewicz AK, Knudsen ES. The RB tumor suppressor at the intersection of proliferation and immunity: relevance to disease immune evasion and immunotherapy. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:3812-9. [PMID: 25714546 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1010922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) was the first identified tumor suppressor based on germline predisposition to the pediatric eye tumor. Since these early studies, it has become apparent that the functional inactivation of RB is a common event in nearly all human malignancy. A great deal of research has gone into understanding how the loss of RB promotes tumor etiology and progression. Since malignant tumors are characterized by aberrant cell division, much of this research has focused upon the ability of RB to regulate the cell cycle by repression of proliferation-related genes. However, it is progressively understood that RB is an important mediator of multiple functions. One area that is gaining progressive interest is the emerging role for RB in regulating diverse features of immune function. These findings suggest that RB is more than simply a regulator of cellular proliferation; it is at the crossroads of proliferation and the immune response. Here we review the data related to the functional roles of RB on the immune system, relevance to immune evasion, and potential significance to the response to immune-therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Hutcheson
- a Department of Pathology ; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas , TX USA
| | - Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
- a Department of Pathology ; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas , TX USA.,b Simmons Cancer Center ; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas , TX USA
| | - Erik S Knudsen
- a Department of Pathology ; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas , TX USA.,b Simmons Cancer Center ; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center ; Dallas , TX USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Di Blasio S, Wortel IMN, van Bladel DAG, de Vries LE, Duiveman-de Boer T, Worah K, de Haas N, Buschow SI, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG, Hato SV. Human CD1c(+) DCs are critical cellular mediators of immune responses induced by immunogenic cell death. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1192739. [PMID: 27622063 PMCID: PMC5007971 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1192739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutics, including the platinum compounds oxaliplatin (OXP) and cisplatin (CDDP), are standard care of treatment for cancer. Although chemotherapy has long been considered immunosuppressive, evidence now suggests that certain cytotoxic agents can efficiently stimulate antitumor responses, through the induction of a form of apoptosis, called immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD is characterized by exposure of calreticulin and heat shock proteins (HSPs), secretion of ATP and release of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Proper activation of the immune system relies on the integration of these signals by dendritic cells (DCs). Studies on the crucial role of DCs, in the context of ICD, have been performed using mouse models or human in vitro-generated monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs), which do not fully recapitulate the in vivo situation. Here, we explore the effect of platinum-induced ICD on phenotype and function of human blood circulating DCs. Tumor cells were treated with OXP or CDDP and induction of ICD was investigated. We show that both platinum drugs triggered translocation of calreticulin and HSP70, as well as the release of ATP and HMGB1. Platinum treatment increased phagocytosis of tumor fragments by human blood DCs and enhanced phenotypic maturation of blood myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs. Moreover, upon interaction with platinum-treated tumor cells, CD1c+ DCs efficiently stimulated allogeneic proliferation of T lymphocytes. Together, our observations indicate that platinum-treated tumor cells may exert an active stimulatory effect on human blood DCs. In particular, these data suggest that CD1c+ DCs are critical mediators of immune responses induced by ICD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Di Blasio
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M N Wortel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Diede A G van Bladel
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura E de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tjitske Duiveman-de Boer
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kuntal Worah
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nienke de Haas
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Buschow
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stanleyson V Hato
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns Induced Crosstalk between Dendritic Cells, T Helper Cells, and Natural Killer Helper Cells Can Improve Dendritic Cell Vaccination. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5740373. [PMID: 26980946 PMCID: PMC4766350 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5740373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A coordinated cellular interplay is of crucial importance in both host defense against pathogens and malignantly transformed cells. The various interactions of Dendritic Cells (DC), Natural Killer (NK) cells, and T helper (Th) cells can be influenced by a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and will lead to enhanced CD8+ effector T cell responses. Specific Pattern Recognition Receptor (PRR) triggering during maturation enables DC to enhance Th1 as well as NK helper cell responses. This effect is correlated with the amount of IL-12p70 released by DC. Activated NK cells are able to amplify the proinflammatory cytokine profile of DC via the release of IFN-γ. The knowledge on how PAMP recognition can modulate the DC is of importance for the design and definition of appropriate therapeutic cancer vaccines. In this review we will discuss the potential role of specific PAMP-matured DC in optimizing therapeutic DC-based vaccines, as some of these DC are efficiently activating Th1, NK cells, and cytotoxic T cells. Moreover, to optimize these vaccines, also the inhibitory effects of tumor-derived suppressive factors, for example, on the NK-DC crosstalk, should be taken into account. Finally, the suppressive role of the tumor microenvironment in vaccination efficacy and some proposals to overcome this by using combination therapies will be described.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established an association between obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and a number of cancer types. Research has focused predominantly on altered endocrine factors, growth factors and signalling pathways, with little known in man about the immune involvement in the relevant pathophysiological processes. Moreover, in an era of exciting new breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy, there is also a need to study the safety and efficacy of immunotherapeutics in the complex setting of inflammatory-driven obesity-associated cancer. This review addresses key immune cell subsets underpinning obesity-associated inflammation and describes how such immune compartments might be targeted to prevent and treat obesity-associated cancer. We propose that the modulation, metabolism, migration and abundance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cells and tumour-specific T cells might be therapeutically altered to both restore immune balance, alleviating pathological inflammation, and to improve anti-tumour immune responses in obesity-associated cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells from cirrhotic patients retain similar capacity for maturation/activation and antigen presentation as those from healthy subjects. Cell Immunol 2015; 295:36-45. [PMID: 25734547 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Few studies have investigated the impact of liver cirrhosis on dendritic cell function. The purpose of this study was to compare the activation and antigen-presentation capacity of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) from cirrhotic patients (CIR) relative to healthy donors (HD). MoDC from CIR and HD were matured, phenotyped, irradiated and pulsed with 15mer peptides for two hepatocellular carcinoma-related antigens, alphafetoprotein and glypican-3, then co-cultured with autologous T-cells. Expanded T-cells were evaluated by interferon-gamma ELISPOT and intracellular staining. 15 CIR and 7 HD were studied. While CD14+ monocytes from CIR displayed enhanced M2 polarization, under MoDC-polarizing conditions, we identified no significant difference between HD and CIR in maturation-induced upregulation of co-stimulation markers. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between CIR and HD in subsequent expansion of tumor antigen-specific IFNγ+ T-cells. CONCLUSION MoDCs isolated from cirrhotic individuals retain similar capacity for in vitro activation, maturation and antigen-presentation as those from healthy donors.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao P, Bu X, Wei X, Sun W, Xie X, Li C, Guo Q, Zhu D, Wei X, Gao D. Dendritic cell immunotherapy combined with cytokine-induced killer cells promotes skewing toward Th2 cytokine profile in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 25:450-6. [PMID: 25698555 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination and cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy (DC/CIK) have shown limited success in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To investigate the reason for this limited success, the effects of DC/CIK cell therapy on the immune responses of tumor-bearing patients and patients with resected NSCLC were evaluated. In the total 50 patients studied, the serum concentrations of the Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in tumor-bearing patients were significantly higher than those with resected NSCLC before immunotherapy. The post-therapy Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) level in patients with resected NSCLC significantly increased from the pre-therapy level. In contrast, significantly enhanced post-therapy Th2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10) levels were found in tumor-bearing patients. The intracellular staining assay revealed that DC/CIK cell therapy increased the IFN-γ-producing T lymphocyte (CD8(+)IFN-γ(+)) frequency in patients with resected NSCLC, but these lymphocytes were not found in tumor-bearing patients. Furthermore, overproduction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumor-bearing patients showed a statistically positive correlation with IL-4, suggesting that VEGF might be responsible for the predominance of serum Th2 cytokines. In a word, tumor-bearing patients developed a Th2-dominant status that could not be reversed toward Th1 following immunotherapy. A combined regiment of DC vaccination and CIK cell therapy with other treatments to overcome systemic Th2-dominant immune response might improve the current clinical benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Xiaocui Bu
- The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Weihong Sun
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xihe Xie
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Changyou Li
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Qingming Guo
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Danni Zhu
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wei
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Daiqing Gao
- Biotherapy Center, Qingdao Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266042, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li J, Jie HB, Lei Y, Gildener-Leapman N, Trivedi S, Green T, Kane LP, Ferris RL. PD-1/SHP-2 inhibits Tc1/Th1 phenotypic responses and the activation of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res 2014; 75:508-518. [PMID: 25480946 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Immune rejection of tumors is mediated by IFNγ production and T-cell cytolytic activity. These processes are impeded by PD-1, a coinhibitory molecule expressed on T cells that is elevated in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). PD-1 elevation may reflect T-cell exhaustion marked by decreased proliferation, production of type I cytokines, and poor cytolytic activity. Although anti-PD-1 antibodies enhance IFNγ secretion after stimulation of the T-cell receptor (TCR), the mechanistic link between PD-1 and its effects on T-cell help (Tc1/Th1 skewing) remains unclear. In prospectively collected cancer tissues, we found that TIL exhibited dampened Tc1/Th1 skewing and activation compared with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). When PD-1 bound its ligand PD-L1, we observed a marked suppression of critical TCR target genes and Th1 cytokines. Conversely, PD-1 blockade reversed these suppressive effects of PD-1:PD-L1 ligation. We also found that the TCR-regulated phosphatase SHP-2 was expressed higher in TIL than in PBL, tightly correlating with PD-1 expression and negative regulation of TCR target genes. Overall, these results defined a PD-1/SHP-2/STAT1/T-bet signaling axis mediating the suppressive effects of PD-1 on Th1 immunity at tumor sites. Our findings argue that PD-1 or SHP-2 blockade will be sufficient to restore robust Th1 immunity and T-cell activation and thereby reverse immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hyun-Bae Jie
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Sumita Trivedi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tony Green
- University of Pittsburgh Health Sciences
| | - Lawrence P Kane
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ammi R, De Waele J, Willemen Y, Van Brussel I, Schrijvers DM, Lion E, Smits ELJ. Poly(I:C) as cancer vaccine adjuvant: knocking on the door of medical breakthroughs. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 146:120-31. [PMID: 25281915 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although cancer vaccination has yielded promising results in patients, the objective response rates are low. The right choice of adjuvant might improve the efficacy. Here, we review the biological rationale, as well as the preclinical and clinical results of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and its derivative poly-ICLC as cancer vaccine adjuvants. These synthetic immunological danger signals enhanced vaccine-induced anti-tumor immune responses and contributed to tumor elimination in animal tumor models and patients. Supported by these results, poly-ICLC-containing cancer vaccines are currently extensively studied in the ongoing trials, making it highly plausible that poly-ICLC will be part of the future approved cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Ammi
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jorrit De Waele
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yannick Willemen
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Ilse Van Brussel
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dorien M Schrijvers
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eva Lion
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium; Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Evelien L J Smits
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium; Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, B-2650 Edegem, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Activation of antitumor immune responses by Ganoderma formosanum polysaccharides in tumor-bearing mice. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:9389-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
29
|
Abstract
For decades the primary available cancer therapies were relatively nonspecific cytotoxic agents which, while effective in some patients, were limited by narrow therapeutic indices, extensive toxicity and development of resistance, likely due to tumor heterogeneity. Although these chemotherapies remain common tools of conventional treatment, the approval of a growing number of tumor antigen (TA)-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) by the US Food and Drug Administration has driven a shift in the paradigm of cancer therapy. For a subset of patients with lymphoma, colorectal, head and neck, and breast cancers, the inclusion of rituximab (anti-CD20), cetuximab (anti-human epidermal growth factor 1), and trastuzumab (anti-human epidermal growth factor 2) has resulted in overall improved clinical response rates and survival advantages. The mechanisms that contribute to these effects are limited not only to inhibition of signaling pathways but also include cell-mediated cytotoxicity by innate immune cells and priming of effector cells of adoptive immunity triggered by the TA-specific mAb. However, as the use of these therapeutic mAbs has become more widespread, it has been observed that there is significant variability of response in patients treated with these agents. Thus, the factors that mediate this variability in clinical responses must be elucidated to optimize the use of TA-specific mAbs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Trivedi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Hyun-Bae Jie
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bossi G, Buisson S, Oates J, Jakobsen BK, Hassan NJ. ImmTAC-redirected tumour cell killing induces and potentiates antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:437-48. [PMID: 24531387 PMCID: PMC11029007 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Antigen cross-presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) is thought to play a critical role in driving a polyclonal and durable T cell response against cancer. It follows, therefore, that the capacity of emerging immunotherapeutic agents to orchestrate tumour eradication may depend on their ability to induce antigen cross-presentation. ImmTACs [immune-mobilising monoclonal TCRs (T cell receptors) against cancer] are a new class of soluble bi-specific anti-cancer agents that combine pico-molar affinity TCR-based antigen recognition with T cell activation via a CD3-specific antibody fragment. ImmTACs specifically recognise human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted tumour-associated antigens, presented by cancer cells, leading to T cell redirection and a potent anti-tumour response. Using an ImmTAC specific for a HLA-A*02-restricted peptide derived from the melanoma antigen gp100 (termed IMCgp100), we here observe that ImmTAC-driven melanoma-cell death leads to cross-presentation of melanoma antigens by DCs. These, in turn, can activate both melanoma-specific T cells and polyclonal T cells redirected by IMCgp100. Moreover, activation of melanoma-specific T cells by cross-presenting DCs is enhanced in the presence of IMCgp100; a feature that serves to increase the prospect of breaking tolerance in the tumour microenvironment. The mechanism of DC cross-presentation occurs via 'cross-dressing' which involves the rapid and direct capture by DCs of membrane fragments from dying tumour cells. DC cross-presentation of gp100-peptide-HLA complexes was visualised and quantified using a fluorescently labelled soluble TCR. These data demonstrate how ImmTACs engage with the innate and adaptive components of the immune system enhancing the prospect of mediating an effective and durable anti-tumour response in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Bossi
- Immunocore Ltd, 57 Jubilee Avenue Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RX UK
| | - Sandrine Buisson
- Immunocore Ltd, 57 Jubilee Avenue Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RX UK
| | - Joanne Oates
- Immunocore Ltd, 57 Jubilee Avenue Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RX UK
| | - Bent K. Jakobsen
- Immunocore Ltd, 57 Jubilee Avenue Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RX UK
| | - Namir J. Hassan
- Immunocore Ltd, 57 Jubilee Avenue Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RX UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Catucci M, Zanoni I, Draghici E, Bosticardo M, Castiello MC, Venturini M, Cesana D, Montini E, Ponzoni M, Granucci F, Villa A. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein deficiency in natural killer and dendritic cells affects antitumor immunity. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:1039-45. [PMID: 24338698 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by reduced or absent expression of the WAS protein (WASP). WAS patients are affected by microthrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, eczema, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Although immune deficiency has been proposed to play a role in tumor pathogenesis, there is little evidence on the correlation between immune cell defects and tumor susceptibility. Taking advantage of a tumor-prone model, we show that the lack of WASP induces early tumor onset because of defective immune surveillance. Consistently, the B16 melanoma model shows that tumor growth and the number of lung metastases are increased in the absence of WASP. We then investigated the in vivo contribution of Was(-/-) NK cells and DCs in controlling B16 melanoma development. We found fewer B16 metastases developed in the lungs of Was(-/-) mice that had received WT NK cells as compared with mice bearing Was(-/-) NK cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Was(-/-) DCs were less efficient in inducing NK-cell activation in vitro and in vivo. In summary, for the first time, we demonstrate in in vivo models that WASP deficiency affects resistance to tumor and causes impairment in the antitumor capacity of NK cells and DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Catucci
- TIGET, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Disintegration and cancer immunotherapy efficacy of a squalane-in-water delivery system emulsified by bioresorbable poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polylactide. Biomaterials 2013; 35:1686-95. [PMID: 24268203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvant is conferred on the substance that helps to enhance antigen-specific immune response. Here we investigated the disintegration characteristics and immunotherapy potency of an emulsified delivery system comprising bioresorbable polymer poly(ethylene glycol)-polylactide (PEG-PLA), phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and metabolizable oil squalane. PEG-PLA-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions show good stability at 4 °C and at room temperature. At 37 °C, squalane/PEG-PLA/PBS emulsion with oil/aqueous weight ratio of 7/3 (denominated PELA73) was stable for 6 weeks without phase separation. As PEG-PLA being degraded, 30% of free oil at the surface layer and 10% of water at the bottom disassociated from the PELA73 emulsion were found after 3 months. A MALDI-TOF MS study directly on the DIOS plate enables us to identify low molecular weight components released during degradation. Our results confirm the loss of PLA moiety of the emulsifier PEG-PLA directly affected the stability of PEG-PLA-stabilized emulsion, leading to emulsion disintegration and squalane/water phase separation. As adjuvant for cancer immunotherapeutic use, an HPV16 E7 peptide antigen formulated with PELA73 plus immunostimulatory CpG molecules could strongly enhance antigen-specific T-cell responses as well as anti-tumor ability with respected to non-formulated or Alum-formulated peptide. Accordingly, these advances may be a potential immunoregulatory strategy in manipulating the immune responses induced by tumor-associated antigens.
Collapse
|
33
|
Tsuji T, Sabbatini P, Jungbluth AA, Ritter E, Pan L, Ritter G, Ferran L, Spriggs D, Salazar AM, Gnjatic S. Effect of Montanide and poly-ICLC adjuvant on human self/tumor antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in phase I overlapping long peptide vaccine trial. Cancer Immunol Res 2013; 1:340-50. [PMID: 24777970 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination of patients with ovarian cancer with overlapping long peptides (OLP) from cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 and poly-ICLC in Montanide-ISA-51 (Montanide) was found to consistently induce integrated immune responses (antibody, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells). Using detailed methods, we investigated the respective effects of poly-ICLC and Montanide adjuvant on pre- and postvaccine NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) T cells, because of their central function for induction and maintenance of both antibody and CD8(+) T cells. Polyclonal NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) T-cell lines were generated from 12 patients using CD154-based selection of precursors before and after vaccination with (i) OLP alone, (ii) OLP in Montanide, or (iii) OLP and poly-ICLC in Montanide. Kinetics, quantification, fine specificity, avidity, and cytokine-producing pattern were analyzed in depth and compared between vaccine cohorts. Vaccination with OLP alone did not elicit CD4(+) T-cell responses; it suppressed high-avidity CD4(+) T-cell precursors that recognized naturally processed NY-ESO-1 protein before vaccination. Emulsification of OLP in Montanide was required for the expansion of high-avidity NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) T-cell precursors. Poly-ICLC significantly enhanced CD4(+) Th1 responses while suppressing the induction of interleukin (IL)-4-producing Th2 and IL-9-producing Th9 cells. In summary, Montanide and poly-ICLC had distinct and cooperative effects for the induction of NY-ESO-1-specific Th1 cells and integrated immune responses by OLP vaccination. These results support the use of admixing poly-ICLC in Montanide adjuvant to rapidly induce antitumor type I immune responses by OLP from self/tumor antigens in human cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takemasa Tsuji
- Authors' Affiliations: Oncovir, Washington, District of Columbia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
McCormack E, Adams KJ, Hassan NJ, Kotian A, Lissin NM, Sami M, Mujić M, Osdal T, Gjertsen BT, Baker D, Powlesland AS, Aleksic M, Vuidepot A, Morteau O, Sutton DH, June CH, Kalos M, Ashfield R, Jakobsen BK. Bi-specific TCR-anti CD3 redirected T-cell targeting of NY-ESO-1- and LAGE-1-positive tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 62:773-85. [PMID: 23263452 PMCID: PMC3624013 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 are cancer testis antigens with an ideal profile for tumor immunotherapy, combining up-regulation in many cancer types with highly restricted expression in normal tissues and sharing a common HLA-A*0201 epitope, 157–165. Here, we present data to describe the specificity and anti-tumor activity of a bifunctional ImmTAC, comprising a soluble, high-affinity T-cell receptor (TCR) specific for NY-ESO-1157–165 fused to an anti-CD3 scFv. This reagent, ImmTAC-NYE, is shown to kill HLA-A2, antigen-positive tumor cell lines, and freshly isolated HLA-A2- and LAGE-1-positive NSCLC cells. Employing time-domain optical imaging, we demonstrate in vivo targeting of fluorescently labelled high-affinity NYESO-specific TCRs to HLA-A2-, NY-ESO-1157–165-positive tumors in xenografted mice. In vivo ImmTAC-NYE efficacy was tested in a tumor model in which human lymphocytes were stably co-engrafted into NSG mice harboring tumor xenografts; efficacy was observed in both tumor prevention and established tumor models using a GFP fluorescence readout. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of both NY-ESO-1 and LAGE-1 antigens in 15 normal tissues, 5 cancer cell lines, 10 NSCLC, and 10 ovarian cancer samples. Overall, LAGE-1 RNA was expressed at a greater frequency and at higher levels than NY-ESO-1 in the tumor samples. These data support the clinical utility of ImmTAC-NYE as an immunotherapeutic agent for a variety of cancers.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bispecific/immunology
- Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Surface/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Surface/immunology
- CD3 Complex/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epitopes/immunology
- Female
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fragments/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Melanoma/immunology
- Melanoma/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Proteins/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Ovarian Neoplasms/immunology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Random Allocation
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmet McCormack
- Haematology Section, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Namir J. Hassan
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| | - Akhil Kotian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Malkit Sami
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| | - Maja Mujić
- Haematology Section, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tereza Osdal
- KinN Therapeutics AS, Haukeland University Hospital, 9th Floor Laboratory Building, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Haematology Section, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Haematology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Deborah Baker
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| | | | - Milos Aleksic
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| | | | - Olivier Morteau
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| | | | - Carl H. June
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Michael Kalos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Rebecca Ashfield
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| | - Bent K. Jakobsen
- Immunocore Ltd, 57C Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, OX14 4RX UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bezouška K, Kubínková Z, Stříbný J, Volfová B, Pompach P, Kuzma M, Šírová M, Říhová B. Dimerization of an immunoactivating peptide derived from mycobacterial hsp65 using N-hydroxysuccinimide based bifunctional reagents is critical for its antitumor properties. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2032-41. [PMID: 22988810 DOI: 10.1021/bc300056x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that a short pentapeptide derived from the mycobacterial heat shock protein hsp65 can be highly activating for the immune system based on its strong reactivity with the early activation antigen of lymphocytes CD69. Here, we investigated an optimal form of presentation of this antigen to the cells of the immune system. Four different forms of the dimerized heptapeptide LELTEGY, and of the control inactive dimerized heptapeptide LELLEGY that both contained an extra UV active glycine-tyrosine sequence, were prepared using dihydroxysuccinimidyl oxalate (DSO), dihydroxysuccinimidyl tartarate (DST), dihydroxysuccinimidyl glutarate (DSG), and dihydroxysuccinimidyl suberate (DSS), respectively. Heptapeptides dimerized through DST and DSG linkers had optimal activity in CD69 precipitation assay. Moreover, dimerization of active heptapeptide resulted in a remarkable increase in its proliferation activity and production of cytokines in vitro. Furthermore, while DST and DSG dimerized heptapeptides both significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in vitro, only the DSG dimerized compound was active in suppressing growth of melanoma tumors in mice and in enhancing the cytotoxic activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes ex vivo. Thus, while the dimerization of the immunoactive peptide caused a dramatic increase in its immunoactivating properties, its in vivo anticancer properties were influenced by the chemical nature of linker used for its dimerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Bezouška
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague, Hlavova 8, CZ-12840 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kirkwood JM, Butterfield LH, Tarhini AA, Zarour H, Kalinski P, Ferrone S. Immunotherapy of cancer in 2012. CA Cancer J Clin 2012; 62:309-35. [PMID: 22576456 PMCID: PMC3445708 DOI: 10.3322/caac.20132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunotherapy of cancer has made significant strides in the past few years due to improved understanding of the underlying principles of tumor biology and immunology. These principles have been critical in the development of immunotherapy in the laboratory and in the implementation of immunotherapy in the clinic. This improved understanding of immunotherapy, enhanced by increased insights into the mechanism of tumor immune response and its evasion by tumors, now permits manipulation of this interaction and elucidates the therapeutic role of immunity in cancer. Also important, this improved understanding of immunotherapy and the mechanisms underlying immunity in cancer has fueled an expanding array of new therapeutic agents for a variety of cancers. Pegylated interferon-α2b as an adjuvant therapy and ipilimumab as therapy for advanced disease, both of which were approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for melanoma in March 2011, are 2 prime examples of how an increased understanding of the principles of tumor biology and immunology have been translated successfully from the laboratory to the clinical setting. Principles that guide the development and application of immunotherapy include antibodies, cytokines, vaccines, and cellular therapies. The identification and further elucidation of the role of immunotherapy in different tumor types, and the development of strategies for combining immunotherapy with cytotoxic and molecularly targeted agents for future multimodal therapy for cancer will enable even greater progress and ultimately lead to improved outcomes for patients receiving cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John M Kirkwood
- Melanoma and Skin Cancer Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Low number of invariant NKT cells is associated with poor survival in acute myeloid leukemia. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012; 138:1427-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
38
|
Hansen J, Lindenstrøm T, Lindberg-Levin J, Aagaard C, Andersen P, Agger EM. CAF05: cationic liposomes that incorporate synthetic cord factor and poly(I:C) induce CTL immunity and reduce tumor burden in mice. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:893-903. [PMID: 22095092 PMCID: PMC11028613 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Considerable effort has been put into targeting tumors through therapeutic vaccination using dendritic cell-, DNA-, protein-, or peptide-based vaccines. Purified peptides and proteins are generally not immunogenic and need to be administered with an adjuvant that will trigger an appropriate immune response. Safe adjuvants that favor induction of tumor reactive CD8(+) T cells with the capacity to directly kill tumor cells are therefore a high priority. We have previously reported on the effect and mechanism of a cationic adjuvant formulation, CAF01, which incorporates synthetic mycobacterial cord factor and primes protective Th1, Th17, and antibody responses in animal models of bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. The CAF01 adjuvant is currently in clinical trial. Using CAF01 as a backbone, we recently demonstrated that incorporating the TLR3 ligand polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] primes CD8(+) T cells specific to the SIINFEKL epitope of the model antigen ovalbumin. In the present study, we demonstrate that CAF01/poly(I:C), termed cationic adjuvant formulation 05 or CAF05, can induce CD8(+) T cells that efficiently lyse target cells and significantly reduce tumor growth in two different mouse tumor models: lung B16-OVA melanoma expressing ovalbumin and the self-antigen TRP2, and subcutaneous TC-1 tumors expressing the human papillomavirus-16 protein E7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Hansen
- Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Building 81/306, Copenhagen S, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Koizumi SI, Masuko K, Wakita D, Tanaka S, Mitamura R, Kato Y, Tabata H, Nakahara M, Kitamura H, Nishimura T. Extracts of Larix Leptolepis effectively augments the generation of tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes via activation of dendritic cells in TLR-2 and TLR-4-dependent manner. Cell Immunol 2012; 276:153-61. [PMID: 22677561 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Type-1 immunity plays a crucial role in host defense against various tumors and infectious diseases. Here, we first demonstrated that extract of Larix Leptolepis (ELL), one of the most popular timbers at Hokkaido area in Japan, strongly activated Type-1 immunity. ELL induced production of Type-1 cytokines such as IL-12 and TNF-α from bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) in TLR2- and TLR4-dependent manner and remarkably up-regulated the expression of MHC and co-stimulatory molecules. In addition, antigen-specific CTLs were significantly augmented by the combined administration of ELL, antigen and BMDCs. Finally, we revealed that combination therapy using ELL, antigen and BMDCs significantly inhibited the growth of established tumor in mouse model. Thus, these findings suggested that ELL would be a novel adjuvant for inducing an activation of Type-1-dependent immunity including activation of BMDCs and induction of tumor-specific CTLs, which is applicable to the therapy of cancer and infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Koizumi
- Division of Immunoregulation, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sasada T, Suekane S. Variation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in human cancers: controversy on clinical significance. Immunotherapy 2012; 3:1235-51. [PMID: 21995574 DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors develop and progress under the influence of a microenvironment comprising a variety of immune cell subsets and their products. Recent studies have shown that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are not randomly distributed, but organized to accumulate more or less densely in different regions within tumors, and interact with each other. Substantial evidence has suggested that not only CD8(+) and/or CD4(+) αβ T cells but also other lymphocyte subsets, including γδ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and NKT cells, infiltrate tumor tissues in variable quantities and play a key role in the regulation of antitumor immunity. In this article, we summarize available information regarding the diversity and composition of TILs, which may positively or negatively affect tumor growth and patient clinical outcomes. The clinical significance of TILs in human cancers remains unclear and is a subject of considerable controversy; largely due to the lack of functional data for TILs, as well as due to enormous variability of TILs in different tumors. A great deal more functional data about TILs needs to be obtained for individual tumors before TILs can be considered as a prognostic parameter in human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Sasada
- Department of Immunology & Immunotherapy, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful immunostimulatory cells specialized in the induction and regulation of immune responses. Their properties and the feasibility of their large-scale ex vivo generation led to the application of ex vivo-educated DCs to bypass the dysfunction of endogenous DCs in cancer patients and to induce therapeutic anti-cancer immunity. While multiple paradigms of therapeutic application of DCs reflect their consideration as cancer "vaccines", numerous features of DC-based vaccination resemble those of autologous transplants, resulting in challenges and opportunities that distinguish them from classical vaccines. In addition to the functional heterogeneity of DC subsets and plasticity of the individual DC types, the unique features of DCs are the kinetic character of their function, limited functional stability, and the possibility to imprint in maturing DCs distinct functions relevant for the induction of effective cancer immunity, such as the induction of different effector functions or different homing properties of tumor-specific T cells (delivery of "signal 3" and "signal 4"). These considerations highlight the importance of the application of optimized, potentially patient-specific conditions of ex vivo culture of DCs and their delivery, with the logistic and regulatory implications shared with transplantation and other surgical procedures.
Collapse
|
42
|
Molecular dissection of the miR-17-92 cluster's critical dual roles in promoting Th1 responses and preventing inducible Treg differentiation. Blood 2011; 118:5487-97. [PMID: 21972292 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-05-355644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mir-17-92 encodes 6 miRNAs inside a single polycistronic transcript, the proper expression of which is critical for early B-cell development and lymphocyte homeostasis. However, during the T-cell antigen response, the physiologic function of endogenous miR-17-92 and the roles of the individual miRNAs remain elusive. In the present study, we functionally dissected the miR-17-92 cluster and revealed that miR-17 and miR-19b are the key players controlling Th1 responses through multiple coordinated biologic processes. These include: promoting proliferation, protecting cells from activation-induced cell death, supporting IFN-γ production, and suppressing inducible regulatory T-cell differentiation. Mechanistically, we identified Pten (phosphatase and tensin homolog) as the functionally important target of miR-19b, whereas the function of miR-17 is mediated by TGFβRII and the novel target CREB1. Because of its vigorous control over the Th1 cell-inducible regulatory T cell balance, the loss of miR-17-92 in CD4 T cells results in tumor evasion. Our results suggest that miR-19b and miR-17 could be harnessed to enhance the efficacy of T cell-based tumor therapy.
Collapse
|
43
|
Mocan T, Iancu C. Effective colon cancer prophylaxis in mice using embryonic stem cells and carbon nanotubes. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1945-54. [PMID: 21976971 PMCID: PMC3181055 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent years, a new concept of an anticancer vaccine has been proposed to prevent and control the proliferation and expansion of cancer cells by eliciting an immune boost in biological systems. The recent literature supports the role of embryonic stem cells (ESC) as cellular agents that stimulate the biological systems to destroy cancer cells. However, at present, a true anticancer vaccine remains elusive. There are several lines of evidence showing that carbon nanotubes may be used to initiate and maintain immune responses. Objective The authors proposed to test the therapeutic potential of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) combined with ESC as agents to induce an immune boost and provide subsequent anticancer protection in mice. Methods C57 BL/6 mice were immunized with ESC and MWCNTs. Results The proposed vaccine led to significant antitumor responses and enhanced tumor rejection in mice with subcutaneous inoculation of MC38 colon malign cells compared with groups only administered ESC, only MWCNTs, and controls. Conclusion The application and potential of ESC combined with MWCNTs as anticancer immunization agents may represent the beginning of a new chapter in the treatment of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Mocan
- Department of Physiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ye ZJ, Zhou Q, Zhang JC, Li X, Wu C, Qin SM, Xin JB, Shi HZ. CD39+ regulatory T cells suppress generation and differentiation of Th17 cells in human malignant pleural effusion via a LAP-dependent mechanism. Respir Res 2011; 12:77. [PMID: 21663645 PMCID: PMC3120670 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-12-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper IL-17-producing cells (Th17 cells) have been found to be involved in human malignancies, however, the possible implication of Tregs in regulating generation and differentiation of Th17 cells in malignant pleural effusion remains to be elucidated. METHODS The numbers of both CD39(+)Tregs and Th17 cells in malignant pleural effusion and peripheral blood from patients with lung cancer were determined by flow cytometry. The regulation and mechanism of Tregs on generation and differentiation of Th17 cells were explored. RESULTS Both CD39(+)Tregs and Th17 cells were increased in malignant pleural effusion when compared with blood, and the numbers of CD39(+)Tregs were correlated negatively with those of Th17 cells. It was also noted that high levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TGF-β1 could be observed in malignant pleural effusion when compared the corresponding serum, and that pleural CD39(+)Tregs could express latency-associated peptide on their surface. When naïve CD4(+) T cells were cocultured with CD39(+)Tregs, Th17 cell numbers decreased as CD39(+)Treg numbers increased, addition of the anti-latency-associated peptide mAb to the coculture reverted the inhibitory effect exerted by CD39(+)Tregs. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the above results indicate that CD39(+)Tregs inhibit generation and differentiation of Th17 cells via a latency-associated peptide-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian Ye
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jian-Chu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Cong Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - Shou-Ming Qin
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, China
| | - Jian-Bao Xin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Huan-Zhong Shi
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lysaght J, Allott EH, Donohoe CL, Howard JM, Pidgeon GP, Reynolds JV. T lymphocyte activation in visceral adipose tissue of patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Br J Surg 2011; 98:964-74. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Visceral adipose tissue may fuel obesity-associated chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. T cells may be important in visceral adipose tissue in driving inflammation, but they have not yet been characterized in patients with cancer. This study aimed to characterize T lymphocytes in visceral adipose tissue and peripheral blood from patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
Methods
Omental fat was taken from 35 patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma at the start of surgery. Flow cytometry was performed to assess T cell activation status and cytokine production in omentum and peripheral blood.
Results
A large population of lymphocytes was present in the omentum. Omental CD4+ and CD8+ T cells displayed significantly enhanced expression of the T cell activation markers CD69 (P < 0·001) and CD107a (CD8+ T cells: P < 0·01), and significantly decreased CD62L expression (P < 0·05), compared with blood. Significantly higher proportions of CD45RO+ T cells compared with CD45RA+ T cells were present in omentum (P < 0·001 and P = 0·012 for CD4+ and CD8+ cells respectively). Interferon γ was the most abundant cytokine expressed by omental T cells, with a significantly higher level than in blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue (P < 0·01).
Conclusion
Visceral adipose tissue is a rich source of activated proinflammatory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. It may fuel chronic inflammation via T cell-mediated pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lysaght
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - E H Allott
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - C L Donohoe
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - J M Howard
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G P Pidgeon
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - J V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mejías R, Pérez-Yagüe S, Gutiérrez L, Cabrera LI, Spada R, Acedo P, Serna CJ, Lázaro FJ, Villanueva Á, Morales MDP, Barber DF. Dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles for magnetically guided in vivo delivery of interferon gamma for cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials 2011; 32:2938-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
47
|
Tanaka S, Koizumi SI, Masuko K, Makiuchi N, Aoyagi Y, Quivy E, Mitamura R, Kano T, Ohkuri T, Wakita D, Chamoto K, Kitamura H, Nishimura T. Toll-like receptor-dependent IL-12 production by dendritic cells is required for activation of natural killer cell-mediated Type-1 immunity induced by Chrysanthemum Coronarium L. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:226-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
48
|
Vendrell A, Gravisaco MJ, Pasetti MF, Croci M, Colombo L, Rodríguez C, Mongini C, Waldner CI. A novel Salmonella Typhi-based immunotherapy promotes tumor killing via an antitumor Th1-type cellular immune response and neutrophil activation in a mouse model of breast cancer. Vaccine 2011; 29:728-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
49
|
Wakita D, Sumida K, Iwakura Y, Nishikawa H, Ohkuri T, Chamoto K, Kitamura H, Nishimura T. Tumor-infiltrating IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells support the progression of tumor by promoting angiogenesis. Eur J Immunol 2010; 40:1927-37. [PMID: 20397212 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200940157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Based on the evidence that IL-17 is a key cytokine involved in various inflammatory diseases, we explored the critical role of IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells for tumor development in tumor-bearing mouse model. IL-17(-/-) mice exhibited a significant reduction of tumor growth, concomitantly with the decrease of vascular density at lesion area, indicating a pro-tumor property of IL-17. Among tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), gammadelta T cells were the major cellular source of IL-17. Analysis of TCR repertoires in TIL-gammadelta T cells showed that circulating gammadelta T cells, but not skin resident Vgamma5(+)gammadelta T cells, produced IL-17. Neutralizing antibodies against IL-23, IL-6, and TGF-beta, which were produced within the tumor microenvironment, inhibited the induction of IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells. IL-17 production by tumor-infiltrating gammadelta T cells was blocked by anti-gammadeltaTCR or anti-NKG2D antibodies, indicating that these ligands, expressed within the tumor microenvironment, are involved in gammadelta T-cell activation. The IL-17-producing TIL-gammadelta T cells exhibited reduced levels of perforin mRNA expression, but increased levels of COX-2 mRNA expression. Together, our findings support the novel concept that IL-17-producing gammadelta T cells, generated in response to tumor microenvironment, act as tumor-promoting cells by inducing angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiko Wakita
- Division of ROYCE' Health Bioscience, Section of Disease Control, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dong W, Du J, Shen H, Gao D, Li Z, Wang G, Mu X, Liu Q. Administration of embryonic stem cells generates effective antitumor immunity in mice with minor and heavy tumor load. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:1697-705. [PMID: 20683592 PMCID: PMC11030618 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-010-0899-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The history of immunizing animals with fetal tissues to generate an antitumor response dates back a century ago. Subsequent reports supported the idea that vaccination with embryonic materials could generate cancer-specific immunity and protect animals from transplantable and chemically induced tumors. In our study, we found C57 BL/6 mice vaccinated with embryonic stem cells (ESCs) received obvious antitumor immunity, which protected them from the formation and development of lung cancer. Furthermore, we investigated the antitumor effects of administration of ESCs in mice with minor and/or heavy tumor load. The tumor growth was monitored, the proliferation of lymphocytes and secretion of cytokines were examined, and finally the tissue sections were approached by immunohistochemical and apoptosis staining. The results suggested that mice injected with ESCs received obvious tumor inhibition and retardation due to significant lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion, which help to rebuild the host's immunity against cancer to some extent and comprise the main part of antitumor immunity. Moreover, mice with minor tumor load received stronger antitumor effect compared with mice with heavy tumor load, may be due to relatively intact immune system. Thus, besides their function as prophylactic vaccines, administration of ESCs could be a potential treatment for cancer, which obviously prevent and control the proliferation and development of malignant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Hongchang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Dongwei Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Zhenxiang Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Xueru Mu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, 324 Jingwu Road, Jinan, 250012 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|