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Hwang J, Yoo JA, Yoon H, Han T, Yoon J, An S, Cho JY, Lee J. The Role of Leptin in the Association between Obesity and Psoriasis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:11-21. [PMID: 32690821 PMCID: PMC7771847 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes many adipokines which contribute to various metabolic processes, such as blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, inflammation and angiogenesis. The biology of adipose tissue in an obese individual is abnormally altered in a manner that increases the body’s vulnerability to immune diseases, such as psoriasis. Psoriasis is considered a chronic inflammatory skin disease which is closely associated with being overweight and obese. Additionally, secretion of leptin, a type of adipokine, increases dependently on adipose cell size and adipose accumulation. Likewise, high leptin levels also aggravate obesity via development of leptin resistance, suggesting that leptin and obesity are closely related. Leptin induction in psoriatic patients is mainly driven by the interleukin (IL)-23/helper T (Th) 17 axis pathway. Furthermore, leptin can have an effect on various types of immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells. Here, we discuss the relationship between obesity and leptin expression as well as the linkage between effect of leptin on immune cells and psoriasis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyeon Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ah Yoo
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology & Biocosmetics Research Center, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungkee Yoon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyung Han
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongchan Yoon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoljun An
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Molecular Dermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology & Biocosmetics Research Center, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Hessam S, Gambichler T, Höxtermann S, Skrygan M, Sand M, Garcovich S, Meyer T, Stockfleth E, Bechara F. Frequency of circulating subpopulations of T‐regulatory cells in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:834-838. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Hessam
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - T. Gambichler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - S. Höxtermann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - M. Skrygan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - M. Sand
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery St. Josef‐Hospital Essen‐Kupferdreh Germany
| | - S. Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy
| | - T. Meyer
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - E. Stockfleth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
| | - F.G. Bechara
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Ruhr‐University Bochum Bochum Germany
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Owczarczyk-Saczonek A, Czerwińska J, Placek W. The role of regulatory T cells and anti-inflammatory cytokines in psoriasis. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2018. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2018.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Decreased Circulating T Regulatory Cells in Egyptian Patients with Nonsegmental Vitiligo: Correlation with Disease Activity. Dermatol Res Pract 2015; 2015:145409. [PMID: 26788051 PMCID: PMC4693028 DOI: 10.1155/2015/145409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Vitiligo is an acquired depigmentary skin disorder resulting from autoimmune destruction of melanocytes. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), specifically CD4+CD25+ and Forkhead box P3+ (FoxP3+) Tregs, acquired notable attention because of their role in a variety of autoimmune pathologies. Dysregulation of Tregs may be one of the factors that can break tolerance to melanocyte self-antigens and contribute to vitiligo pathogenesis. Methods. In order to sustain the role of Tregs in pathogenesis and disease activity of vitiligo, surface markers for CD4+CD25+ and FoxP3+ peripheral Tregs were evaluated by flow cytometry in 80 Egyptian patients with nonsegmental vitiligo in addition to 60 healthy control subjects and correlated with clinical findings. Results. Vitiligo patients had significantly decreased numbers of both peripheral CD4+CD25+ and FoxP3+ T cells compared to control subjects (11.49% ± 8.58% of CD4+ T cells versus 21.20% ± 3.08%, and 1.09% ± 0.96% versus 1.44% ± 0.24%, resp., P < 0.05 for both). Peripheral numbers of CD4+CD25+ and FoxP3+ Tregs correlated negatively with VIDA score. Conclusion. Treg depletion with impaired immune downregulatory function might play a key role in the autoimmune conditions beyond nonsegmental vitiligo particularly in active cases. Effective Treg cell-based immunotherapies might be a future hope for patients with progressive vitiligo.
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Jassies-van der Lee A, Rutten VPMG, Bruijn J, Willemse T, Broere F. CD4+and CD8+skin-associated T lymphocytes in canine atopic dermatitis produce interleukin-13, interleukin-22 and interferon-γ and contain a CD25+FoxP3+subset. Vet Dermatol 2014; 25:456-e72. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Jassies-van der Lee
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Victor P. M. G. Rutten
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Division of Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases; Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria; Private Bag X04 Onderstepoort 0110 South Africa
| | - Jet Bruijn
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ton Willemse
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Division of Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; Division of Immunology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Yalelaan 108 3584 CM Utrecht The Netherlands
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Antiga E, Quaglino P, Volpi W, Pierini I, Del Bianco E, Bianchi B, Novelli M, Savoia P, Bernengo MG, Fabbri P, Caproni M. Regulatory T cells in skin lesions and blood of patients with bullous pemphigoid. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013; 28:222-30. [PMID: 23331964 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although regulatory T cells (Tregs) are affected in several autoimmune skin diseases, only two studies have been performed in patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) with contrasting results. OBJECTIVE To characterize Tregs and to determine the serum levels of regulatory cytokines in patients with BP. METHODS In BP lesional skin, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were performed for CD4(+) , CD25(+) , forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (FOXP3)(+) , transforming growth factor (TGF)-β(+) and interleukin (IL)-10(+) cells. In addition, the number of CD4(+) CD25(++) FOXP3(+) Tregs in peripheral blood was assessed by flow cytometry, and the levels of TGF-β and IL-10 were determined in serum samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after steroid therapy. Controls included patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy donors. RESULTS The frequency of FOXP3(+) cells was significantly reduced in skin lesions from patients with BP (P < 0.001) compared with psoriasis and AD. Moreover, the number of IL-10(+) cells was lower in BP than in psoriasis (P < 0.001) and AD (P = 0.002), while no differences were observed in the number of TGF-β(+) cells. CD4(+) CD25(++) FOXP3(+) Treg in the peripheral blood of patients with BP was significantly reduced compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001), and augmented significantly after steroid therapy (P = 0.001). Finally, TGF-β and IL-10 serum levels were similar in patients with BP compared with healthy controls. However, after therapy, BP patients showed significantly higher IL-10 serum levels than before therapy (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the depletion of Tregs and of IL-10 in patients with BP may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Antiga
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Quaglino
- Department of Medical Sciences, 1 st Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - W Volpi
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - I Pierini
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - E Del Bianco
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - B Bianchi
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Novelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, 1 st Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - P Savoia
- Department of Medical Sciences, 1 st Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M G Bernengo
- Department of Medical Sciences, 1 st Dermatologic Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - P Fabbri
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - M Caproni
- Department of Critical Care, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Abstract
Cytokines are produced transiently by cutaneous cells in response to immune stimuli. They are non-immunoglobulin proteins and glycoproteins. Cytokines, which are signaling molecules, act by sending downstream signals to various cells through a number of signal transduction pathways and by binding to cytokine receptors on the surface of cells. Cytokines regulate immunity and inflammation and thus play an important role in the pathogenesis of various cutaneous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Coondoo
- From the Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Ben Ahmed M, Zaraa I, Rekik R, Elbeldi-Ferchiou A, Kourda N, Belhadj Hmida N, Abdeladhim M, Karoui O, Ben Osman A, Mokni M, Louzir H. Functional defects of peripheral regulatory T lymphocytes in patients with progressive vitiligo. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2011; 25:99-109. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2011.00920.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Guilbride DL, Gawlinski P, Guilbride PDL. Why functional pre-erythrocytic and bloodstage malaria vaccines fail: a meta-analysis of fully protective immunizations and novel immunological model. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10685. [PMID: 20502667 PMCID: PMC2873430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinically protective malaria vaccines consistently fail to protect adults and children in endemic settings, and at best only partially protect infants. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We identify and evaluate 1916 immunization studies between 1965-February 2010, and exclude partially or nonprotective results to find 177 completely protective immunization experiments. Detailed reexamination reveals an unexpectedly mundane basis for selective vaccine failure: live malaria parasites in the skin inhibit vaccine function. We next show published molecular and cellular data support a testable, novel model where parasite-host interactions in the skin induce malaria-specific regulatory T cells, and subvert early antigen-specific immunity to parasite-specific immunotolerance. This ensures infection and tolerance to reinfection. Exposure to Plasmodium-infected mosquito bites therefore systematically triggers immunosuppression of endemic vaccine-elicited responses. The extensive vaccine trial data solidly substantiate this model experimentally. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We conclude skinstage-initiated immunosuppression, unassociated with bloodstage parasites, systematically blocks vaccine function in the field. Our model exposes novel molecular and procedural strategies to significantly and quickly increase protective efficacy in both pipeline and currently ineffective malaria vaccines, and forces fundamental reassessment of central precepts determining vaccine development. This has major implications for accelerated local eliminations of malaria, and significantly increases potential for eradication.
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Caillon F, O’Connell M, Eady E, Jenkins G, Cove J, Layton A, Mountford A. Interleukin-10 secretion from CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells is downregulated in patients with acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol 2009; 162:296-303. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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