1
|
López de Mingo I, Rivera González MX, Maestú Unturbe C. The Cellular Response Is Determined by a Combination of Different ELF-EMF Exposure Parameters: A Scope Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5074. [PMID: 38791113 PMCID: PMC11121623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the establishment of regulations for exposure to extremely low-frequency (0-300) Hz electromagnetic fields, scientific opinion has prioritised the hypothesis that the most important parameter determining cellular behaviour has been intensity, ignoring the other exposure parameters (frequency, time, mode, waveform). This has been reflected in the methodologies of the in vitro articles published and the reviews in which they are included. A scope review was carried out, grouping a total of 79 articles that met the proposed inclusion criteria and studying the effects of the different experiments on viability, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and the cell cycle. These results have been divided and classified by frequency, intensity, exposure time and exposure mode (continuous/intermittent). The results obtained for each of the processes according to the exposure parameter used are shown graphically to highlight the importance of a good methodology in experimental development and the search for mechanisms of action that explain the experimental results, considering not only the criterion of intensity. The consequence of this is a more than necessary revision of current exposure protection regulations for the general population based on the reductionist criterion of intensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel López de Mingo
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.d.M.); (M.-X.R.G.)
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco-Xavier Rivera González
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.d.M.); (M.-X.R.G.)
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos (ETSIINF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ceferino Maestú Unturbe
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.d.M.); (M.-X.R.G.)
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red—Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tian R, Li WX, Lu M, Yu L, Zhang JQ. Research on the influence of power frequency magnetic field of pantograph on pacemaker wearers' health in high-speed EMU. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2024; 200:588-597. [PMID: 38486443 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
When the popular means of transportation-high-speed trains meet the increasing rate of pacemaker implantation year by year, the research on the magnetic field environment on the health of pacemaker wearers in the carriage becomes an urgent problem. In this work, models of an electric multiple unit carriage with a pantograph as well as passengers with pacemakers were built by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The B, Ein and Jin of human heart and other tissues, and the induced voltage (Vin) at the pacemaker electrode were calculated under the pantograph operating condition, so as to assess the effect of its magnetic field on the health of pacemaker wearers. The results showed that Bmax in the carriage without passengers is 121.246 μT, occurs near the window. In the carriage, the Bmax, Ein max and Jin max of heart and body, Vin at the pacemaker electrode of the passenger next to the window are greater than that in the middle of the carriage. The Bmax, Ein max and Jin max of passengers' heart are 11.301μT, 1.613 mV/m and 139.030 μA/m2, respectively. The Bmax, Ein max and Jin max of passengers' body are 12.597μT, 0.788 mV/m and 75.299 μA/m2, respectively. The maximum value of Vin at the tip of the pacemaker electrode of the passengers' is 0.048 mV. The Bmax, Ein max in all tissues of passengers are much smaller than the basic limits of electromagnetic exposure to the public set by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation. Vin at the electrode tip of passengers' pacemakers are less than the perception sensitivity set by the International Organization for Standardization. This work illustrated that the magnetic field generated by the pantograph is within the recognized accepted limits for passengers with pacemakers, but we still recommended that passengers wearing pacemakers should stay as far away from windows as possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88 Anning West Road, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Wei-Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88 Anning West Road, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Mai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88 Anning West Road, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Li Yu
- China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd, No. 131, Hezheng Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, No. 88 Anning West Road, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Su DB, Zhao ZX, Yin DC, Ye YJ. Promising application of pulsed electromagnetic fields on tissue repair and regeneration. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 187:36-50. [PMID: 38280492 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Tissue repair and regeneration is a vital biological process in organisms, which is influenced by various internal mechanisms and microenvironments. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are becoming a potential medical technology due to its advantages of effectiveness and non-invasiveness. Numerous studies have demonstrated that PEMFs can stimulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation, regulate inflammatory reactions, accelerate wound healing, which is of great significance for tissue regeneration and repair, providing a solid basis for enlarging its clinical application. However, some important issues such as optimal parameter system and potential deep mechanisms remain to be resolved due to PEMFs window effect and biological complexity. Thus, it is of great importance to comprehensively summarizing and analyzing the literature related to the biological effects of PEMFs in tissue regeneration and repair. This review expounded the biological effects of PEMFs on stem cells, inflammation response, wound healing and musculoskeletal disorders in order to improve the application value of PEMFs in medicine. It is believed that with the continuous exploration of biological effects of PEMFs, it will be applied increasingly widely to tissue repair and other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Bo Su
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Zi-Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Da-Chuan Yin
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ya-Jing Ye
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pantelis P, Theocharous G, Veroutis D, Vagena IA, Polyzou A, Thanos DF, Kyrodimos E, Kotsinas A, Evangelou K, Lagopati N, Gorgoulis VG, Kotopoulos N. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) Trigger Cell Death and Senescence in Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2473. [PMID: 38473720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The currently available anti-cancer therapies, such as gamma-radiation and chemotherapeutic agents, induce cell death and cellular senescence not only in cancer cells but also in the adjacent normal tissue. New anti-tumor approaches focus on limiting the side effects on normal cells. In this frame, the potential anti-tumor properties of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) through the irradiation of breast cancer epithelial cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and normal fibroblasts (FF95) were investigated. PEMFs had a frequency of 8 Hz, full-square wave type and magnetic flux density of 0.011 T and were applied twice daily for 5 days. The data collected showcase that PEMF application decreases the proliferation rate and viability of breast cancer cells while having the opposite effect on normal fibroblasts. Moreover, PEMF irradiation induces cell death and cellular senescence only in breast cancer cells without any effect in the non-cancerous cells. These findings suggest PEMF irradiation as a novel, non-invasive anti-cancer strategy that, when combined with senolytic drugs, may eliminate both cancer and the remaining senescent cells, while simultaneously avoiding the side effects of the current treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlos Pantelis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos Theocharous
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Veroutis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna-Aglaia Vagena
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Polyzou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris-Foivos Thanos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Evangelou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Faculty Institute for Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7YH, UK
| | - Nicholas Kotopoulos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tian H, Zhu H, Gao C, Shi M, Yang D, Jin M, Wang F, Sui X. System-level biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: an in vivo experimental review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1247021. [PMID: 37869515 PMCID: PMC10590107 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1247021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, the potential effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on human health have gained great interest all around the world. Though the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection recommended a 100 μT, and then a 200 μT magnetic field limit, the long-term effects of ELF-EMFs on organisms and systems need to be further investigated. It was reported that both electrotherapy and possible effects on human health could be induced under ELF-EM radiation with varied EM frequencies and fields. This present article intends to systematically review the in vivo experimental outcome and the corresponding mechanisms to shed some light on the safety considerations of ELF-EMFs. This will further advance the subsequent application of electrotherapy in human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Tian
- Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Haozheng Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Jin
- State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Sui
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Markus I, Ohayon E, Constantini K, Geva-Kleinberger K, Ibrahim R, Ruban A, Gepner Y. The Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Inflammation and Performance-Related Indices in Trained Athletes: A Double-Blinded Crossover Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13463. [PMID: 37686264 PMCID: PMC10487818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous investigations have demonstrated the therapeutic advantages of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) in mitigating inflammation and influencing biological processes. We aimed to shed light on the effects of ELF-EMF on recovery rate following high-intensity exercise. Nine male athletes (26.7 ± 6.0 years; 69.6 ± 7.7 kg, VO2peak 57.3 ± 6.8 mL/kg/min) completed five visits in a double-blinded crossover design, performing two consecutive testing days, following a ventilatory thresholds assessment. Following 62 min of high-intensity cycling, participants lay on an ELF-EMF mattress under active (A) and non-active (NA) conditions, immediately post protocol and during the night. Physical performance and blood markers were assessed at baseline and at 60 min (60 P) and 24 h (24 H) post-protocol. The A-condition demonstrated a notable reduction in interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations (mean difference = -88%, p = 0.032) and maximal isometric strength of the quadriceps muscles (mean difference = ~8%, p = 0.045) compared to the NA-condition between 60 P and 24 H. In a sensitivity analysis, the A-condition revealed that younger athletes who possessed lower fat mass experienced attenuated inflammation and biochemical responses and improved physical performance. In conclusion, ELF-EMF showed no significant overall effects on performance and inflammation after intense cycling among athletes. Post-hoc analysis revealed modest benefits of ELF-MLF, suggesting a context-dependent impact. Further research with a larger sample size and multiple sessions is needed to confirm the recovery potential of ELF-EMF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irit Markus
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.); (K.G.-K.)
| | - Evyatar Ohayon
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (E.O.); (K.C.)
| | - Keren Constantini
- Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (E.O.); (K.C.)
| | - Keren Geva-Kleinberger
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.); (K.G.-K.)
| | - Rawan Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Angela Ruban
- Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yftach Gepner
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, and Sylvan Adams Sports Institute, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel; (I.M.); (K.G.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karoubi N, Khamisipour G, Babaei N, Obeidi N, Doosti A. Static electromagnetic field and recombinant human fibroblasts encoding miR-451 and miR-16 increased cell trans-differentiation to CD 71+ and CD 235a+ erythroid like progenitor. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2023; 14:27817. [PMID: 38327634 PMCID: PMC10844592 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2023.27817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Ex vivo blood production is an urgent need of most countries, and creating production protocols can save the lives of many patients. Despite the recent advances in blood production in ex vivo conditions, its high-scale production is not yet possible, and requires further studies. Therefore, by transfecting fibroblast cells with miR-16, and miR-451 genes, as well as applying low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) treatment, we tried to increase the differentiation of these cells into CD71+ and CD235a+ erythroid like progenitors. Methods After preparation, and cultivation of human dermal transgenic fibroblast cells, they were transfected by Plenti3-hsa-miR451, Plenti3-hsa-miR16 and Plenti3-backbone inserted into E. coli Stbl4 genome. Then, transgenic fibroblast cells were treated with 10mT ELF-EMF every day for 20 minutes for 7 days. Using a flow cytometer, the expressions of CD71, and CD235a were studied in these cells, and the expressions of genes involved in hematopoiesis were studied using the RT-PCR technique. Results The results indicated an increase in the differentiation of fibroblast cells treated with 10mT ELF-EMF to erythroid like progenitors. Furthermore, the percentage of CD71+ and CD235a+ cells was the highest in irradiated cells encoding miR-16 and miR-451, which indicates their differentiation into erythroid like progenitors. Also, in the transgenic cells treated with ELF-EMF, an increase in the expressions of α-chain, β-chain, γ-chain and GATA1 genes was observed, which indicates the potential of these cells for hematopoiesis. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of CD34 and CD38 genes in these cell lines. Conclusion Both ELF-EMF and upregulations of miR-16 and miR-451 lead to improved differentiation of fibroblast cells into erythroid like progenitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Karoubi
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Khamisipour
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Nahid Babaei
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Narges Obeidi
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Hematology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Abbas Doosti
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nguyen H, Segers S, Ledent M, Anthonissen R, Verschaeve L, Hinsenkamp M, Collard JF, Feipel V, Mertens B. Effects of long-term exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields on cell viability, genetic damage, and sensitivity to mutagen-induced damage. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14097. [PMID: 36923833 PMCID: PMC10008985 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Until today, it remains controversial whether long-term exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) below the legislative exposure limits could result in adverse human health effects. In the present study, the effects of long-term in vitro MF exposure on three different study endpoints (cell viability, genetic damage, and sensitivity to damage induced by known mutagens) were investigated in the human B lymphoblastoid (TK6) cell line. Cells were exposed to 50 Hz MF at three selected magnetic flux densities (i.e., 10, 100, and 500 μT) for different exposure periods ranging from 96h up to 6 weeks. Cell viability following MF exposure was assessed using the ATP-based cell viability assay. Effects of MF exposure on cell genetic damage and cell sensitivity to mutagen-induced damage were evaluated using the in vitro alkaline comet assay and the in vitro cytokinesis block micronucleus assay. The results showed that long-term exposure up to 96h to 50 Hz MF at all tested flux densities could significantly increase TK6 cell viability. In contrast, long-term MF exposure did not affect cell genetic damage, and long-term pre-exposure to MF did not change cell sensitivity to damage induced by known mutagens. At certain time points, statistically significant difference in genotoxicity test results were observed between the MF-exposed cells and the control cells. However, these observations could not be confirmed in the repeat experiments, indicating that they are probably not biologically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Nguyen
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Seppe Segers
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Maryse Ledent
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Roel Anthonissen
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Luc Verschaeve
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| | - Maurice Hinsenkamp
- Faculty of Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Veronique Feipel
- Faculty of Medicine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Birgit Mertens
- Scientific Direction Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, 1050 Ixelles, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Assessment of Inflammation in 3D Reconstructed Human Skin Exposed to Combined Exposure to Ultraviolet and Wi-Fi Radiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032853. [PMID: 36769173 PMCID: PMC9917807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the human environment, the increasing exposure to radiofrequency (RF) radiation, especially that emitted by wireless devices, could be absorbed in the body. Recently, mobile and emerging wireless technologies (UMTS, DECT, LTE, and Wi-Fi) have been using higher frequencies than 2G GSM systems (900/1800 MHz), which means that most of the circulating RF currents are absorbed into the skin and the superficial soft tissue. The harmful genotoxic, cytotoxic, and mutagenic effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin are well-known. This study aimed at investigating whether 2422 MHz (Wi-Fi) RF exposure combined with UV radiation in different sequences has any effect on the inflammation process in the skin. In vitro experiments examined the inflammation process by cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8) and MMP-1 enzyme secretion in a 3D full-thickness human skin model. In the first study, UV exposure was immediately followed by RF exposure to measure the potential additive effects, while in the second study, the possible protective phenomenon (i.e., adaptive response) was investigated when adaptive RF exposure was challenged by UV radiation. Our results suggest that 2422 MHz Wi-Fi exposure slightly, not significantly increased cytokine concentrations of the prior UV exposure. We could not detect the adaptive response phenomenon.
Collapse
|
10
|
Di Gregorio E, Israel S, Staelens M, Tankel G, Shankar K, Tuszyński JA. The distinguishing electrical properties of cancer cells. Phys Life Rev 2022; 43:139-188. [PMID: 36265200 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, medical research has been primarily focused on the inherited aspect of cancers, despite the reality that only 5-10% of tumours discovered are derived from genetic causes. Cancer is a broad term, and therefore it is inaccurate to address it as a purely genetic disease. Understanding cancer cells' behaviour is the first step in countering them. Behind the scenes, there is a complicated network of environmental factors, DNA errors, metabolic shifts, and electrostatic alterations that build over time and lead to the illness's development. This latter aspect has been analyzed in previous studies, but how the different electrical changes integrate and affect each other is rarely examined. Every cell in the human body possesses electrical properties that are essential for proper behaviour both within and outside of the cell itself. It is not yet clear whether these changes correlate with cell mutation in cancer cells, or only with their subsequent development. Either way, these aspects merit further investigation, especially with regards to their causes and consequences. Trying to block changes at various levels of occurrence or assisting in their prevention could be the key to stopping cells from becoming cancerous. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the current knowledge regarding the electrical landscape of cells is much needed. We review four essential electrical characteristics of cells, providing a deep understanding of the electrostatic changes in cancer cells compared to their normal counterparts. In particular, we provide an overview of intracellular and extracellular pH modifications, differences in ionic concentrations in the cytoplasm, transmembrane potential variations, and changes within mitochondria. New therapies targeting or exploiting the electrical properties of cells are developed and tested every year, such as pH-dependent carriers and tumour-treating fields. A brief section regarding the state-of-the-art of these therapies can be found at the end of this review. Finally, we highlight how these alterations integrate and potentially yield indications of cells' malignancy or metastatic index.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Gregorio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale (DIMEAS), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, TO, Italy; Autem Therapeutics, 35 South Main Street, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Simone Israel
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale (DIMEAS), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, TO, Italy; Autem Therapeutics, 35 South Main Street, Hanover, 03755, NH, USA
| | - Michael Staelens
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 11335 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, AB, Canada
| | - Gabriella Tankel
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, L8S 4K1, ON, Canada
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211 116 Street NW, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Jack A Tuszyński
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale (DIMEAS), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, TO, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 11335 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, AB, Canada; Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, T6G 1Z2, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kijak K, Cieślar G, Kowacka M, Skomro P, Gronwald H, Garstka A, Lietz-Kijak D. Cone Beam Computed Tomography in the Assessment of the Effectiveness of Physical Therapy with the Use of the Electromagnetic Field Combined with Light Radiation Emitted by LEDs in the Treatment of Inflammation of the Paranasal Sinuses-A Case Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13570. [PMID: 36294150 PMCID: PMC9603137 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Modern high-resolution volumetric tomography, commonly known as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), is one of the most innovative imaging techniques which can provide views of anatomical structures not attainable by conventional techniques. Magnetic field LED therapy is a physical therapy method, combining the effects of the Extremely Low Frequency-Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) and high-power light radiation emitted by Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). The method has been widely applied in the treatment and rehabilitation of complications of many medical conditions, including in dentistry. The aim of this study was to use CBCT to assess the effectiveness of the simultaneous use of electromagnetic field and LED light in the physical therapy of paranasal sinusitis. Treatments employing the electromagnetic field combined with LED light were administered to a 39-year-old female outpatient of the physiotherapy ward for rehabilitation therapy of paranasal sinusitis. Normal sinus pneumatization was restored almost completely. Reduction in the swelling of the sinus mucosa was so significant that even the pneumatization of the ethmoid bulla was restored. Physical therapy with the simultaneous use of ELF-EMF and LED light was found to be effective in the rehabilitation of the patient with paranasal sinusitis. Positive effects of the treatment were confirmed by CBCT findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kijak
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Skomro
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Helena Gronwald
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adam Garstka
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Danuta Lietz-Kijak
- Department of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aparicio-Bautista DI, Chávez-Valenzuela D, Ambriz-Álvarez G, Córdova-Fraga T, Reyes-Grajeda JP, Medina-Contreras Ó, Rodríguez-Cruz F, García-Sierra F, Zúñiga-Sánchez P, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez AM, Arellanes-Robledo J, Basurto-Islas G. An Extremely Low-Frequency Vortex Magnetic Field Modifies Protein Expression, Rearranges the Cytoskeleton, and Induces Apoptosis of a Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line. Bioelectromagnetics 2022; 43:225-244. [PMID: 35437793 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) alter biological phenomena, including the cell phenotype and proliferation rate. Heterogenous vortex magnetic fields (VMFs), a new approach of exposure to magnetic fields, induce systematic movements on charged biomolecules from target cells; however, the effect of VMFs on living systems remains uncertain. Here, we designed, constructed, and characterized an ELF-VMF-modified Rodin's coil to expose SH-SY5Y cells. Samples were analyzed by performing 2D-differential-gel electrophoresis, identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF, validated by western blotting, and characterized by confocal microscopy. A total of 106 protein spots were differentially expressed; 40 spots were downregulated and 66 were upregulated in the exposed cell proteome, compared to the control cell proteome. The identified spots are associated with cytoskeleton and cell viability proteins, and according to the protein-protein interaction network, a significant interaction among them was found. Our data revealed a decrease in cell survival associated with apoptotic cells without effects on the cell cycle, as well as evident changes in the cytoskeleton. We demonstrated that ELF-VMFs, at a specific frequency and exposure time, alter the cell proteome and structurally affect the target cells. This is the first report showing that VMF application might be a versatile system for testing different hypotheses in living systems, using appropriate exposure parameters.© 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana I Aparicio-Bautista
- Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Teodoro Córdova-Fraga
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Juan P Reyes-Grajeda
- Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Óscar Medina-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fanny Rodríguez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco García-Sierra
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) Unidad Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- CONACYT-Laboratorio de Enfermedades Hepáticas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gustavo Basurto-Islas
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, México
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ahn TH, Kim DY, Kim HM, Oh W, Cho SB. Use of quantum molecular resonance energy for managing postrhinoseptoplasty perilesional edema and ecchymosis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:3530-3536. [PMID: 34792272 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantum molecular resonance (QMR) technology employs nonionizing high-frequency waves ranging from 4 to 64 MHz to generate low-intensity quanta of energy that interacts with cellular components. AIMS To evaluate the efficacy and safety of QMR treatment on postoperative perilesional edema and ecchymosis in patients with rhinoseptoplasty or revision rhinoseptoplasty. PATIENTS/METHODS In total, 30 patients were treated with QMR stimulation therapy (QMR group) once daily for 5 days, while another 30 patients were treated with conventional icepack application (control group). The duration of perilesional edema and ecchymosis were comparatively evaluated according to anatomic regions. RESULTS In both groups, the longest duration of postoperative edema and ecchymosis was found on the left anterior cheek, followed by the right anterior cheek, left lower eyelid, right lower eyelid, and right and left upper eyelids. The mean duration of overall postoperative perilesional edema was significantly shorter in the QMR group (2.0 ± 0.8 days) than the control group (4.6 ± 2.0 days); the mean duration of overall ecchymosis was also markedly shorter in the QMR group (2.9 ± 1.5 days) than control group (7.5 ± 2.9 days). Patient satisfaction after postoperative QMR treatment was rated as 2.2 ± 0.8, whereas patient satisfaction in control group was rated as 1.6 ± 0.9. CONCLUSION Our clinical study demonstrated that postrhinoseptoplasty QMR treatment effectively reduces the duration of postoperative perilesional edema and ecchymosis without remarkable side effects. We suggest that QMR treatment can be considered as an alternative option for noninvasively managing postrhinoseptoplasty perilesional edema and ecchymosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hwan Ahn
- Fresh Facial Aesthetic Surgery and ENT Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Wook Oh
- Maylin Clinic (Yeouido), Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Bin Cho
- Yonsei Seran Dermatology and Laser Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Barati M, Darvishi B, Javidi MA, Mohammadian A, Shariatpanahi SP, Eisavand MR, Madjid Ansari A. Cellular stress response to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF): An explanation for controversial effects of ELF-EMF on apoptosis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13154. [PMID: 34741480 PMCID: PMC8666288 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired apoptosis is one of the hallmarks of cancer, and almost all of the non‐surgical approaches of eradicating tumour cells somehow promote induction of apoptosis. Indeed, numerous studies have stated that non‐ionizing non‐thermal extremely low‐frequency magnetic fields (ELF‐MF) can modulate the induction of apoptosis in exposed cells; however, much controversy exists in observations. When cells are exposed to ELF‐EMF alone, very low or no statistically significant changes in apoptosis are observed. Contrarily, exposure to ELF‐EMF in the presence of a co‐stressor, including a chemotherapeutic agent or ionizing radiation, can either potentiate or inhibit apoptotic effects of the co‐stressor. In our idea, the main point neglected in interpreting these discrepancies is “the cellular stress responses” of cells following ELF‐EMF exposure and its interplay with apoptosis. The main purpose of the current review was to outline the triangle of ELF‐EMF, the cellular stress response of cells and apoptosis and to interpret and unify discrepancies in results based on it. Therefore, initially, we will describe studies performed on identifying the effect of ELF‐EMF on induction/inhibition of apoptosis and enumerate proposed pathways through which ELF‐EMF exposure may affect apoptosis; then, we will explain cellular stress response and cues for its induction in response to ELF‐EMF exposure; and finally, we will explain why such controversies have been observed by different investigators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Barati
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrad Darvishi
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Javidi
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Eisavand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Madjid Ansari
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
DNMT1 and miRNAs: possible epigenetics footprints in electromagnetic fields utilization in oncology. Med Oncol 2021; 38:125. [PMID: 34495398 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Many studies were performed to unravel the effects of different types of Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on biological systems. Some studies were conducted to exploit EMFs for medical purposes mainly in cancer therapy. Although many studies suggest that the EMFs exposures can be effective in pre-clinical cancer issues, the treatment outcomes of these exposures on the cancer cells, especially at the molecular level, are challenging and overwhelmingly complicated yet. This article aims to review the epigenetic mechanisms that can be altered by EMFs exposures with the main emphasis on Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF). The epigenetic mechanisms are reversible and affected by environmental factors, thus, EMFs exposures can modulate these mechanisms. According to the reports, ELF-EMF exposures affect epigenetic machinery directly or through the molecular signaling pathways. ELF-EMF in association with DNA methylation, histone modification, miRNAs, and nucleosome remodeling could affect the homeostasis of cancer cells and play a role in DNA damage repairing, apoptosis induction, prevention of metastasis, differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. In general, the result of this study shows that ELF-EMF exposure probably can be effective in cancer epigenetic therapy, but more molecular and clinical investigations are needed to clarify the safe and specific dosimetric characteristics of ELF-EMF in practice.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wound Repair and Extremely Low Frequency-Electromagnetic Field: Insight from In Vitro Study and Potential Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22095037. [PMID: 34068809 PMCID: PMC8126245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22095037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex, staged process. It involves extensive communication between the different cellular constituents of various compartments of the skin and its extracellular matrix (ECM). Different signaling pathways are determined by a mutual influence on each other, resulting in a dynamic and complex crosstalk. It consists of various dynamic processes including a series of overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation response, new tissue formation, and tissue remodeling. Interruption or deregulation of one or more of these phases may lead to non-healing (chronic) wounds. The most important factor among local and systemic exogenous factors leading to a chronic wound is infection with a biofilm presence. In the last few years, an increasing number of reports have evaluated the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on tissue repair. Each experimental result comes from a single element of this complex process. An interaction between ELF-EMFs and healing has shown to effectively modulate inflammation, protease matrix rearrangement, neo-angiogenesis, senescence, stem-cell proliferation, and epithelialization. These effects are strictly related to the time of exposure, waveform, frequency, and amplitude. In this review, we focus on the effect of ELF-EMFs on different wound healing phases.
Collapse
|
17
|
García-Minguillán O, Maestú C. 30 Hz, Could It Be Part of a Window Frequency for Cellular Response? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3642. [PMID: 33807400 PMCID: PMC8036499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many exogenous and endogenous risk factors have been proposed as precursors of brain tumors, including the exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic fields. Nevertheless, there is still a debate among the scientific community about the hazard of the effects produced by non-ionizing radiation (NIR) because conflicting results have been found (number of articles reviewed >50). For that reason, to provide new evidence on the possible effects produced by exposure to NIR, we performed different studies with several combinations of extremely low frequencies, times, and field intensities in tumoral and non-tumoral cells. The results of our studies showed that cell viability was frequency dependent in glioblastoma cells. In fact, our results revealed that a frequency of 30 Hz-or even other frequencies close to 30 Hz-could constitute a window frequency determinant of the cellular response in tumoral and non-tumoral cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga García-Minguillán
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ceferino Maestú
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CTB (CTB-UPM) Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- CIBER-BBN Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lv H, Liu J, Zhen C, Wang Y, Wei Y, Ren W, Shang P. Magnetic fields as a potential therapy for diabetic wounds based on animal experiments and clinical trials. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12982. [PMID: 33554390 PMCID: PMC7941227 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with various complications that poses a huge worldwide healthcare burden. Wounds in diabetes, especially diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), are difficult to manage, often leading to prolonged wound repair and even amputation. Wound management in people with diabetes is an extremely clinical and social concern. Nowadays, physical interventions gain much attention and have been widely developed in the fields of tissue regeneration and wound healing. Magnetic fields (MFs)-based devices are translated into clinical practice for the treatment of bone diseases and neurodegenerative disorder. This review attempts to give insight into the mechanisms and applications of MFs in wound care, especially in improving the healing outcomes of diabetic wounds. First, we discuss the pathological conditions associated with chronic diabetic wounds. Next, the mechanisms involved in MFs' effects on wounds are explored. At last, studies and reports regarding the effects of MFs on diabetic wounds from both animal experiments and clinical trials are reviewed. MFs exhibit great potential in promoting wound healing and have been practised in the management of diabetic wounds. Further studies on the exact mechanism of MFs on diabetic wounds and the development of suitable MF-based devices could lead to their increased applications into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Lv
- School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
- Heye Health Technology Co., Ltd.AnjiZhejiangChina
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Junyu Liu
- School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Chenxiao Zhen
- School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Yijia Wang
- School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Yunpeng Wei
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Weihao Ren
- School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Peng Shang
- School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
- Research & Development InstituteNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anChina
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang M, Wang J, Sun Q, Zhang H, Chen P, Li Q, Wang Y, Qiao G. Immune response of mollusk Onchidium struma to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF, 50 Hz) exposure based on immune-related enzyme activity and De novo transcriptome analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:574-584. [PMID: 32014586 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Along with rapid offshore and onshore wind power development in modern society, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) is produced extensively in the habits of aquatic organisms. However, the biological effects of ELF-EMF on aquatic organisms are almost sparse. In this study, Onchidium struma without shell was chosen to aim whether ELF-EMF can elicit immune response of mollusk based on immune-related enzyme activities and gene expression through high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. Three experimental groups, i.e. ELF-EMF unexposed control group (C), ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 100 μT) exposed E1 group, and ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 500 μT) exposed E2 group, were set, and coelomocytes were collected to analyze. The results showed that total coelomocyte and spherulocyte density in E1 group increased significantly compared to groups C and E2 (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences on amoebocyte and chromatocyte density among groups C, E1 and E2. ELF-EMF exposure could significantly increase immune-related enzyme activities in coelomic fluid of O. struma, including acidic phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, antioxidative capacity, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and polyphenol oxidase (P < 0.05). A total of 54.32 Mb and 55.27 Mb raw reads with average length of 1520 bp were obtained from coelomocytes of O. struma in unexposed and exposed groups, respectively. There were 341 differentially expressed genes (DGEs) between unexposed and exposed groups, including 209 up-regulated and 132 down-regulated unigenes. All the DGEs were allocated to 14 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, and five pathways were associated with immune response, including TLR/TNF/NOD-like receptor/MAPK/Fc epsilon RI signaling pathways. Altogether, short-term (to one week) exposure of O. struma to lower luxy density ELF-EMF (<500 μT) could elicit the immune response, and antioxidant system is recommended as indicators of immunological effects. Hopefully, this study will further provide insights into exploring biomarker for evaluation of the effect of ELF-EMF exposure on aquatic organisms regarding to field density, frequency and exposure duration, and provide good guidance for exploitation and utilization of renewable energy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China
| | - Qirui Sun
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong, 226007, Province Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China; Department of Aquaculture, School of Fisheries and Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, Province Liaoning, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo Qiao
- Department of Marine Science and Technology, School of Marine and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, Province Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jang YW, Gil KC, Lee JS, Kang W, Park SY, Hwang KW. T-Cell Differentiation to T Helper 9 Phenotype is Elevated by Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Via Induction of IL-2 Signaling. Bioelectromagnetics 2019; 40:588-601. [PMID: 31663626 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the development of information technology and the electronics industry, and the increase in the use of electronic products, an increasing number of people are exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in daily life. There has been concern about the effects of EMFs on the human body. Th9 cells, which are characterized by the generation of interleukin-(IL-9), are a recently defined subset of T helper (Th) cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of extremely low-frequency (60 Hz) EMFs, such as those generated by household power sources, at 0.8 mT intensity on CD4+ T cells. The exposure of CD4+ T cells to such EMFs under Th9-polarizing conditions increased IL-9 secretion and gene expression of transcription factors that are important for Th9 development. The expression of GATA3 increased in the early stage, and the phosphorylation of STAT5 and STAT6, which regulate the expression of GATA3, increased. In addition, EMFs increased the expression of IL-2 by the T cells. In conclusion, the differentiation of CD4+ T cells to the Th9 phenotype was increased by exposure to extremely low-frequency EMFs, and this appeared to be dependent on the IL-2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, co-cultures of EMF-exposed Th9 cells and mast cells showed an increased expression of mast cell proteases, FcεR1α, and mast cell-derived inflammatory cytokines compared with co-cultures of non-EMF-exposed Th9 cells and mast cells. Our results suggest that EMFs enhance the differentiation of CD4+ T cells to the Th9 phenotype, resulting in mast cell activation and inflammation. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:588-601. © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Won Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Cheol Gil
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - WonKu Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Woo Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ozdemir E, Demirkazik A, Taskıran AS, Arslan G. Effects of 5-HT 1 and 5-HT 2 Receptor Agonists on Electromagnetic Field-Induced Analgesia in Rats. Bioelectromagnetics 2019; 40:319-330. [PMID: 31152464 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Much evidence demonstrates the antinociceptive effect of magnetic fields (MFs). However, the analgesic action mechanism of the electromagnetic field (EMF) is not exactly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptor agonists (serotonin HCl and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [DOI] hydrochloride) on EMF-induced analgesia. In total, 66 adult male Wistar albino rats with an average body mass of 225 ± 13 g were used in this study. The animals were subjected to repeated exposures of alternating 50 Hz and 5 mT EMF for 2 h a day for 15 days. Prior to analgesia tests, serotonin HCl (5-HT1 agonist) 4 mg/kg, WAY 100635 (5-HT1 antagonist) 0.04 mg/kg, DOI hydrochloride (5-HT2 receptor agonist) 4 mg/kg, and SB 204741 (5-HT2 antagonist) 0.5 mg/kg doses were injected into rats. For statistical analysis of the data, analysis of variance was used and multiple comparisons were determined by Tukey's test. Administration of serotonin HCl MF (5 mT)-exposed rats produced a significant increase in percent maximal possible effect (% MPE) as compared with EMF group (P < 0.05). On the contrary, injection of WAY 100635 to MF-exposed rats produced a significant decrease in analgesic activity (P < 0.05). Similarly, the administration of DOI hydrochloride significantly increased % MPE values as compared with the EMF group while SB 204741 reduced it (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that serotonin 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors play an important role in EMF-induced analgesia; however, further research studies are necessary to understand the mechanism. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:319-330. © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Ozdemir
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ayse Demirkazik
- Departments of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Sevki Taskıran
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Arslan
- Departments of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Costantini E, Sinjari B, D'Angelo C, Murmura G, Reale M, Caputi S. Human Gingival Fibroblasts Exposed to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields: In Vitro Model of Wound-Healing Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092108. [PMID: 31035654 PMCID: PMC6540598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Several clinical studies have suggested the impact of sinusoidal and pulsed electromagnetic fields in quickening wound repair processes and tissue regeneration. The clinical use of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields could represent a novel frontier in tissue repair and oral health, with an interesting clinical perspective. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an extremely low-frequency sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) and an extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) with flux densities of 1 mT on a model of oral healing process using gingival fibroblasts. An in vitro mechanical injury was produced to evaluate wound healing, migration, viability, metabolism, and the expression of selected cytokines and protease genes in fibroblasts exposed to or not exposed to the SEMF and the PEMF. Interleukin 6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β), metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) are involved in wound healing and tissue regeneration, favoring fibroblast proliferation, chemotaxis, and activation. Our results show that the exposure to each type of electromagnetic field increases the early expression of IL-6, TGF-β, and iNOS, driving a shift from an inflammatory to a proliferative phase of wound repair. Additionally, a later induction of MMP-2, MCP-1, and HO-1 was observed after electromagnetic field exposure, which quickened the wound-healing process. Moreover, electromagnetic field exposure influenced the proliferation, migration, and metabolism of human gingival fibroblasts compared to sham-exposed cells. This study suggests that exposure to SEMF and PEMF could be an interesting new non-invasive treatment option for wound healing. However, additional studies are needed to elucidate the best exposure conditions to provide the desired in vivo treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Costantini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Chiara D'Angelo
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Murmura
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Sergio Caputi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nasrabadi N, Soheili ZS, Bagheri A, Ahmadieh H, Amizadeh Y, Sahebjam F, Tabeie F, Rezaei Kanavi M. The effects of electromagnetic fields on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2019; 39:585-594. [PMID: 30462846 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A great deal of evidence has confirmed that electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can affect the central nervous system. In this study, cultured neonatal human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cells were exposed to pulsed EMF of 1 mT intensity and 50 Hz frequency 8 h daily for 3 days. In addition to cell proliferation and cell death assays, immunocytochemistry for RPE65, PAX6, nestin, and cytokeratin 8/18 proteins were performed. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for NES, PAX6, RPE65, and ACTA2 gene expression. Exposed hRPE cells did not demonstrate significant change in terms of cytomorphology, cell proliferation, or cell death. Protein expression of PAX6 was decreased in treated cells compared to controls and remained unchanged for RPE65, cytokeratin 8/18, and nestin. Gene expressions of NES, RPE65, and PAX6 were decreased in treated cells as compared to controls. Gene expression of ACTA2 did not significantly change. In conclusion, viability of cultivated neonatal hRPE cells did not change after short exposure to a safe dose of pulsed EMF albeit that both gene and protein expressions of retinal progenitor cell markers were reduced. Whether longer exposure durations that are being constantly produced by widely-used electronic devices may induce significant changes in these cells, needs further investigation. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:585-594, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niyousha Nasrabadi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abouzar Bagheri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yashar Amizadeh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzin Sahebjam
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Faraj Tabeie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li X, Wang X, Bai L, Zhao P, Zhang M. Exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields enhances hair follicle regrowth in C57BL/6 mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:389-394. [PMID: 30823849 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219834639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT In this study, our experiments confirmed that 50 Hz EMF affected hair follicle regrowth, and 50 Hz EMF enhanced K15+ stem cells proliferation in the hair bulb and follicular outer root sheath of hair follicles. Those results indicated that 50 Hz EMF may be beneficial for functional healing of hair loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Li
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Geriatric Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
- *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xin Wang
- 2 Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Shandong 256603, China
- 3 The First Clinical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- *These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Liming Bai
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Geriatric Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Pin Zhao
- 4 Southern Medical University Huayin laboratory, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- 1 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Guangdong Geriatric Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 3 The First Clinical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Qiu L, Chen L, Yang X, Ye A, Jiang W, Sun W. S1P mediates human amniotic cells proliferation induced by a 50-Hz magnetic field exposure via ERK1/2 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:7734-7741. [PMID: 30624774 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is a kind of physical stimulus in public and occupational environment. Numerous studies have indicated that exposure of cells to ELF-EMF could promote cell proliferation. But the detailed mechanisms implicated in these proliferative processes remain unclear. In the present experiment, the possible roles of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in 50-Hz magnetic field (MF)-induced cell proliferation were investigated. Results showed that exposure of human amniotic (FL) cells to a 50-Hz MF with an intensity of 0.4 mT significantly enhanced ceramide metabolism, increased S1P production, activated extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and promoted cell proliferation. All of these effects induced by MF exposure could be inhibited by SKI II, an inhibitor of sphingosine kinase (SphK). In addition, both the cell proliferative response and the ERK1/2 activation induced by MF exposure were blocked completely by U0126, a specific inhibitor of MEK (ERK kinases 1 and 2). Taken together, the findings in present study suggested that S1P mediated 50-Hz MF-induced cell proliferation via triggering ERK1/2 signal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qiu
- Department of Preventive Health Care, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.,Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anfang Ye
- Department of Occupational Disease of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Occupational Disease of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mahaki H, Tanzadehpanah H, Jabarivasal N, Sardanian K, Zamani A. A review on the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on cytokines of innate and adaptive immunity. Electromagn Biol Med 2018; 38:84-95. [PMID: 30518268 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2018.1545668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is produced extensively in modern technologies. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that ELF-EMF has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the immune system response. This review was conducted on effects of ELF-EMF on cytokines of innate and adaptive immunity. Mechanisms of ELF-EMF, which may modulate immune cell responses, were also studied. Physical and biological parameters of ELF-EMF can interact with each other to create beneficial or harmful effect on the immune cell responses by interfering with the inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines. According to the studies, it is supposed that short-term (2-24 h/d up to a week) exposure of ELF-EMF with strong density may increase innate immune response due to an increase of innate immunity cytokines. Furthermore, long-term (2-24 h/d up to 8 years) exposure to low-density ELF-EMF may cause a decrease in adaptive immune response, especially in Th1 subset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Mahaki
- a Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran.,b Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Hamid Tanzadehpanah
- b Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Naghi Jabarivasal
- c Department of Medical Physics , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Khosro Sardanian
- a Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran.,b Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| | - Alireza Zamani
- a Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran.,d Molecular Immunology Research Group, Research Center for Molecular Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , Hamadan , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kwon S, Kim Y, Jang H, Seo Y. Synergistic effect of rice bran extract and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on dermal papilla/melanocytes in melanogenesis. Bioelectromagnetics 2018; 39:595-603. [PMID: 30371954 PMCID: PMC6283238 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Melanocytes in hair are located around dermal papilla cells at the tip of the hair follicle. In this study, we examined the melanogenesis of a three-dimensional (3D) hair dermal papilla model treated with natural extracts and electromagnetic fields (EMFs). The 3D model involved dermal papilla-like tissue (DPLT), an aggregation of a mixture of dermal papilla cells, and melanocytes in microwells. Rice bran extract (RBE), an EMF, and RBE/EMF were applied to different DPLT groups. The LDH assay indicated no cell stress in all experimental groups, and detection of tyrosinase activity demonstrated high activity in the RBE/EMF group. Western blot analysis of the RBE, EMF, and RBE/EMF groups revealed increased MITF, TRP-1, and tyrosinase expression. In addition, the mRNA expression of ET-1, laminin, bFGF, β-catenin, MITF, and tyrosinase was increased in the RBE/EMF group, as demonstrated by RT-qPCR analysis. HMB45 and Fontana-Masson immunostaining showed that the RBE/EMF group had the highest melanin content. Therefore, RBE and EMF may be used as a material and therapy, respectively, for the treatment of vitiligo and white hair, through activation of melanogenesis in melanocytes. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:595-603, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Bioelectromagnetics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soon‐Joung Kwon
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus team)Dongguk UniversityGyeonggi‐DoKorea
| | - Yu‐Mi Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus team)Dongguk UniversityGyeonggi‐DoKorea
| | - Hyun‐Jun Jang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus team)Dongguk UniversityGyeonggi‐DoKorea
| | - Young‐Kwon Seo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology (BK21 Plus team)Dongguk UniversityGyeonggi‐DoKorea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zidan N, Fenn J, Griffith E, Early PJ, Mariani CL, Muñana KR, Guevar J, Olby NJ. The Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Post-Operative Pain and Locomotor Recovery in Dogs with Acute, Severe Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disc Extrusion: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled, Prospective Clinical Trial. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:1726-1736. [DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Zidan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Joe Fenn
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Griffith
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Peter J. Early
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Chris L. Mariani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Karen R. Muñana
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Julien Guevar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Natasha J. Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li H, Lin L, Li L, Zhou L, Hao S, Zhang Y, Ding Z. Eotaxin‑1 and MCP‑1 serve as circulating indicators in response to power frequency electromagnetic field exposure in mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2832-2840. [PMID: 30015948 PMCID: PMC6102701 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing public concern regarding the potential health risks of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has led to intensive research in this area. However, it remains unclear whether potential pro-oncogenic effects may be caused by power frequency EMF (PFEMF) exposure. To address the associated risk factors, the present study exposed 4-week old Balb/c mice to 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 2.5 mT of constant 50 Hz Helmholtz coil-type PFEMF for 90 days to explore the circulating chemokine indicators that may be associated with inflammation or cancer. No measurable weight difference existed between the control and PFEMF-exposure groups; however, the Luminex assay clearly demonstrated differentially responsive profiles of circulating chemokines upon PFEMF treatment. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-3, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β and MIP-2 levels in serum were not significantly altered by PFEMF during the 3-month exposure period; however, the circulating levels of other chemokines including IP-10, GROα, RANTES, EOTAXIN-1 and MCP-1 exhibited significant changes upon treatment. Among the responsive chemokines, EOTAXIN-1 and MCP-1 were significantly increased by 0.5 mT of PFEMF treatment, which may support their use as indicators of PFEMF exposure. This novel finding highlights the potential pro-inflammatory nature of power frequency, which may shed light on the mechanisms underlying PFEMF-induced diseases, including cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hualiang Li
- Institute of Environmental Protection, Guangdong Power Grid, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Environmental Protection, Guangdong Power Grid, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Ding
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Piaggesi A, Låuchli S, Bassetto F, Biedermann T, Marques A, Najafi B, Palla I, Scarpa C, Seimetz D, Triulzi I, Turchetti G, Vaggelas A. Advanced therapies in wound management: cell and tissue based therapies, physical and bio-physical therapies smart and IT based technologies. J Wound Care 2018; 27:S1-S137. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.sup6a.s1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Piaggesi
- Prof, Director, EWMA Scientific Recorder (Editor), Diabetic Foot Section of the Pisa University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Severin Låuchli
- Chief of Dermatosurgery and Woundcare, EWMA Immediate Past President (Co-editor), Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Råmistrasse 100, 8091 Zärich, Schwitzerland
| | - Franco Bassetto
- Prof, Head of Department, Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 35100 Padova
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, August Forel-Strasse 7, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Marques
- University of Minho, 3B's Research Group in Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Avepark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal
| | - Bijan Najafi
- Professor of Surgery, Director of Clinical Research, Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Director of Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: BCM390, Houston, TX 77030-3411, US
| | - Ilaria Palla
- Institute of Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Scarpa
- Clinic of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 35100 Padova
| | - Diane Seimetz
- Founding Partner, Biopharma Excellence, c/o Munich Technology Center, Agnes-Pockels-Bogen 1, 80992 Munich, Germany
| | - Isotta Triulzi
- Institute of Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Turchetti
- Fulbright Scholar, Institute of Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Annegret Vaggelas
- Consultant, Biopharma Excellence, c/o Munich Technology Center, Agnes-Pockels-Bogen 1, 80992 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Biały D, Wawrzyńska M, Bil-Lula I, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Sapa-Wojciechowska A, Arkowski J, Woźniak M, Sawicki G. Low frequency electromagnetic field decreases ischemia-reperfusion injury of human cardiomyocytes and supports their metabolic function. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:809-816. [PMID: 29848052 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218779773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic field at extremely low frequencies plays a significant role in the physiological function of human tissues and systems. It is shown that electromagnetic field inhibits production of reactive oxygen species which are involved in heart injury triggered by oxidative stress. We hypothesize that low frequency electromagnetic field protects function of cardiac cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Human cardiac myocytes, endothelial cells, and cardiac fibroblast underwent ischemia-reperfusion conditions in the presence or in the absence of low frequency electromagnetic field. LDH and MMP-2 activities (as markers of cell injury), and cell metabolic activity (by fluorescein diacetate staining) were measured to determine the protective role of low frequency electromagnetic field. Our data showed that short courses of low frequency electromagnetic field protect cardiac cells from cellular damage and preserve their metabolic activity during ischemia-reperfusion. This study demonstrates the possibility to use of low frequency electromagnetic field as strategy for the prevention or therapy of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Impact statement In our study, we showed that LF-EMF may be protective for heart during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Following is the short description of the main findings: (a) the response to the I/R injury was different for endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and cardiomyocytes; (b) I/R decreases MMP-2 activity in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts;
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Biały
- 1 Department and Clinic of Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wawrzyńska
- 2 Department and Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Anna Krzywonos-Zawadzka
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sapa-Wojciechowska
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Jacek Arkowski
- 2 Department and Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Woźniak
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland.,4 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Grzegorz Sawicki
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland.,4 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rosado MM, Simkó M, Mattsson MO, Pioli C. Immune-Modulating Perspectives for Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Innate Immunity. Front Public Health 2018; 6:85. [PMID: 29632855 PMCID: PMC5879099 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the immune system have received a considerable interest, not only to investigate possible negative health impact but also to explore the possibility to favorably modulate immune responses. To generate beneficial responses, the immune system should eradicate pathogens while “respecting” the organism and tolerating irrelevant antigens. According to the current view, damage-associated molecules released by infected or injured cells, or secreted by innate immune cells generate danger signals activating an immune response. These signals are also relevant to the subsequent activation of homeostatic mechanisms that control the immune response in pro- or anti-inflammatory reactions, a feature that allows modulation by therapeutic treatments. In the present review, we describe and discuss the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF)-EMF and pulsed EMF on cell signals and factors relevant to the activation of danger signals and innate immunity cells. By discussing the EMF modulating effects on cell functions, we envisage the use of EMF as a therapeutic agent to regulate immune responses associated with wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mats-Olof Mattsson
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Energy, Environmental Resources and Technologies, Tulln, Austria
| | - Claudio Pioli
- Laboratory of Biomedical Technologies, Division of Health Protection Technologies, ENEA, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Koziorowska A, Romerowicz-Misielak M, Sołek P, Koziorowski M. Extremely low frequency variable electromagnetic fields affect cancer and noncancerous cells in vitro differently: Preliminary study. Electromagn Biol Med 2018. [PMID: 29513614 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2017.1408021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) may result in various changes at the cellular level. To identify the effect of ELF-EMF exposure on viability of cells, cancer cells (U87-MG; 143B) and noncancerous cells (BJ; HEK) in exponential growth phase were exposed or sham-exposed to different values of frequency (2, 20, 30, 50 and 60 Hz), different shapes (sinusoidal, square and triangular) and time of exposure (0.5, 1, 2, 3 h) to electromagnetic field. After exposure, viability of cells was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). We found a different effect of exposition of cancer and noncancerous cells to ELF-EMF on viability of cells. This preliminary study revealed that electro magentic field(EMF) might serve as a potential tool for manipulating viability of cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koziorowska
- a Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland.,b Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Maria Romerowicz-Misielak
- b Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Przemysław Sołek
- c Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| | - Marek Koziorowski
- c Department of Physiology and Reproduction of Animals, Institute of Biotechnology , University of Rzeszow , Rzeszow , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Synergism of Electrospun Nanofibers and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Osteogenic Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. ASAIO J 2018; 64:253-260. [DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
35
|
Patruno A, Ferrone A, Costantini E, Franceschelli S, Pesce M, Speranza L, Amerio P, D'Angelo C, Felaco M, Grilli A, Reale M. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields accelerates wound healing modulating MMP-9 and inflammatory cytokines. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12432. [PMID: 29357406 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In our previous reports, we have demonstrated that extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) exposure enhances the proliferation of keratinocyte. The present study aimed to clarify effects of ELF-EMF on wound healing and molecular mechanisms involved, using a scratch in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The wounded monolayer cultures of human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT), at different ELF-EMF and Sham exposure times were monitored under an inverted microscope. The production and expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-18 and IL-18BP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative real-time PCR. The activity and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2/9 was evaluated by zymography and Western blot analysis, respectively. Signal transduction proteins expression (Akt and ERK) was measured by Western blot. RESULTS The results of wound healing in vitro assay revealed a significant reduction of cell-free area time-dependent in ELF-EMF-exposed cells compared to Sham condition. Gene expression and release of cytokines analysed were significantly increased in ELF-EMF-exposed cells. Our results further showed that ELF-EMF exposure induced the activity and expressions of MMP-9. Molecular data showed that effects of ELF-EMF might be mediated via Akt and ERK signal pathway, as demonstrated using their specific inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight ability of ELF-EMF to modulate inflammation mediators and keratinocyte proliferation/migration, playing an important role in wound repair. The ELF-EMF accelerates wound healing modulating expression of the MMP-9 via Akt/ERK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - A Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - E Costantini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - S Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - M Pesce
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - L Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - P Amerio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - C D'Angelo
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - M Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - A Grilli
- Department of Psychological, Humanistic and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - M Reale
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Proteomic Analysis of Extremely Low-Frequency ElectroMagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) With Different Intensities in Rats Hippocampus. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/archneurosci.62954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
37
|
Sella S, Adami V, Amati E, Bernardi M, Chieregato K, Gatto P, Menarin M, Pozzato A, Pozzato G, Astori G. In-vitro analysis of Quantum Molecular Resonance effects on human mesenchymal stromal cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190082. [PMID: 29293552 PMCID: PMC5749755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields play an essential role in cellular functions interfering with cellular pathways and tissue physiology. In this context, Quantum Molecular Resonance (QMR) produces waves with a specific form at high-frequencies (4–64 MHz) and low intensity through electric fields. We evaluated the effects of QMR stimulation on bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). MSC were treated with QMR for 10 minutes for 4 consecutive days for 2 weeks at different nominal powers. Cell morphology, phenotype, multilineage differentiation, viability and proliferation were investigated. QMR effects were further investigated by cDNA microarray validated by real-time PCR. After 1 and 2 weeks of QMR treatment morphology, phenotype and multilineage differentiation were maintained and no alteration of cellular viability and proliferation were observed between treated MSC samples and controls. cDNA microarray analysis evidenced more transcriptional changes on cells treated at 40 nominal power than 80 ones. The main enrichment lists belonged to development processes, regulation of phosphorylation, regulation of cellular pathways including metabolism, kinase activity and cellular organization. Real-time PCR confirmed significant increased expression of MMP1, PLAT and ARHGAP22 genes while A2M gene showed decreased expression in treated cells compared to controls. Interestingly, differentially regulated MMP1, PLAT and A2M genes are involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling through the fibrinolytic system that is also implicated in embryogenesis, wound healing and angiogenesis. In our model QMR-treated MSC maintained unaltered cell phenotype, viability, proliferation and the ability to differentiate into bone, cartilage and adipose tissue. Microarray analysis may suggest an involvement of QMR treatment in angiogenesis and in tissue regeneration probably through ECM remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sella
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Valentina Adami
- High Throughput Screening Core Facility, Center for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Eliana Amati
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Martina Bernardi
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
- Hematology Project Foundation, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Katia Chieregato
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
- Hematology Project Foundation, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Pamela Gatto
- High Throughput Screening Core Facility, Center for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Martina Menarin
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Astori
- Advanced Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Hematology Unit, Vicenza Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Warille AA, Altun G, Elamin AA, Kaplan AA, Mohamed H, Yurt KK, El Elhaj A. Skeptical approaches concerning the effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields on brain hormones and enzyme activities. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2017; 5:177-184. [PMID: 30023252 PMCID: PMC6025782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the effects of various frequencies of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on brain hormones and enzyme activity. In this context, the mechanism underlying the effects of EMF exposure on tissues generally and cellular pathway specifically has been discussed. The cell membrane plays important roles in mediating enzymatic activities as to response and reacts with extracellular environment. Alterations in the calcium signaling pathways in the cell membrane are activated in response to the effects of EMF exposure. Experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that no changes occur in serum prolactin levels in humans following short-term exposure to 900 Mega Hertz (MHz) EMF emitted by mobile phones. The effects of EMF on melatonin and its metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, in humans have also been investigated in the clinical studies to show a disturbance in metabolic activity of melatonin. In addition, although 900 MHz EMF effects on NF-κB inflammation, its effects on NF-κB are not clear. Abbreviations: ELF-EMF, extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields; EMF, electromagnetic fields; RF, Radiofrequency; ROS, reactive oxygen species; VGCCs, voltage-gated calcium channels; MAPK, mitogen-activated phosphokinase; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; ERK-1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; JNK, Jun N-terminal kinases; SOD, superoxide dismutase; MnSOD, manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase; GLUT1, glucose transporter 1; GSSG-Rd, glutathione reductase MDA malondialdehyde; NO, nitric oxide; LH, luteinizing hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aymen A Warille
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Gamze Altun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Abdalla A Elamin
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Arife Ahsen Kaplan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hamza Mohamed
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kıymet Kübra Yurt
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Abubaker El Elhaj
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fraccalvieri M, Salomone M, Di Santo C, Ruka E, Morozzo U, Bruschi S. Quantum molecular resonance technology in hard-to-heal extremity wounds: histological and clinical results. Int Wound J 2017; 14:1313-1322. [PMID: 28857452 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds are commonly associated with high morbidity rates due to the patient's need of frequent dressing changes and repeated visits to the outpatient wound clinic. Furthermore, chronic wounds are often characterised by severe pain, which can cause significant disability to the patient. New technologies aim to develop an optimal device to reduce discomfort of the patient and to heal wounds. The device Rexon-age® is introduced for the first time in wound healing, and preliminary data on clinical and histological results are shown. From April 2014 to April 2015, 11 patients - 7 females and 4 males - were enrolled in the present study. The study was conducted at the Plastic and Reconstructive Institute of the Università degli Studi di Torino, Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Italy. For histological characterisation, pre- and post-treatment biopsies on the wound bed were performed. Data regarding age, gender, weight, height, comorbidity, drug therapy and topical pre-treatment and dressings of the wound were collected as well. Moreover, local factors regarding the wound data were as follows: aetiology, time of the wound formation until first Rexon-age treatment, wound dimensions, wound bed, moisture, margins and anatomical region of the wound. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to monitor the pain before and after each treatment. Rexon-age treatment resulted in improvement in granulation tissue and wound contraction. Moreover, a significant reduction of pain was observed with the reduction of painkillers drug usage. Among these Rexon-age-treated patients, three patients displayed 60-80% reduction in pain intensity, and two patients showed complete pain relief. In outpatient follow-up appointments, we registered long-term durability of pain relief. As assessed by histological analyses, post-treatment biopsies of all nine patients revealed a decreased amount of inflammatory cells and lower expression levels of metalloproteinases (e.g. MMP9). We observed increased capillary thrombosis as well as up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. The current study presents the first evidence that Rexon-age-based therapy can significantly ameliorate and accelerate the healing process of chronic wounds. Although this study analysed only a small number of patients, we could consistently observe positive effects on both the clinical aspect of the lesions, which underwent size reduction and wound reactivation, and the quality of life of our patients due to long-term pain relief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fraccalvieri
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Salomone
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Santo
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Erind Ruka
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Morozzo
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Bruschi
- Plastic Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria della Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Elgohary HM, Tantawy SA. Pulsed electromagnetic field with or without exercise therapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Phys Ther Sci 2017; 29:1305-1310. [PMID: 28878453 PMCID: PMC5574357 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.29.1305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To investigate the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field with or without
exercise therapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. [Subjects and Methods]
Sixty male patients aged 55–65 years with benign prostatic hyperplasia were invited to
participate in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to Group A (n=20; patients who
received pulsed electromagnetic field in addition to pelvic floor and aerobic exercises),
Group B (n=20; patients who received pulsed electromagnetic field), and Group C (n=20;
patients who received placebo electromagnetic field). The assessments included post-void
residual urine, urine flow rate, prostate specific antigen, white blood cells count, and
International Prostate Symptom Score were weighed, before and after a 4-week intervention.
[Results] There were significant differences in Group A and B in all parameters. Group C
showed non-significant differences in all measured variables except for International
Prostate Symptom Score. Among groups, all parameters showed highly significant differences
in favor of Group A. There were non-significant differences between Group A and B and
significant difference between Groups A and C and between Groups B and C. [Conclusion] The
present study demonstrated that electromagnetic field had a significant impact on the
treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Accordingly, electromagnetic field can be
utilized alone or in combination with other physiotherapy modalities. Moreover, clinicians
should have the capacity to perceive the advantages accomplished using extra treatment
alternatives. Electromagnetic field is a safe, noninvasive method and can be used for the
treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany M Elgohary
- Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Sayed A Tantawy
- Physiotherapy Department, Center of Radiation, Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.,Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical & Health Sciences, Ahlia University, Kingdom of Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim SJ, Jang YW, Hyung KE, Lee DK, Hyun KH, Jeong SH, Min KH, Kang W, Jeong JH, Park SY, Hwang KW. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure enhances inflammatory response and inhibits effect of antioxidant in RAW 264.7 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 38:374-385. [PMID: 28370033 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number and variety of electronic devices that emit electromagnetic waves. Because people live and work in close proximity to these pieces of electrical equipment, there is growing concern surrounding the destruction of homeostasis by electromagnetic field exposure. In the present study, the effects of 60 Hz 0.8 mT extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on a macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) were examined. Under defined ELF-EMF exposure conditions, the production of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were increased in RAW 264.7 cells and the expression of those genes was also upregulated. However, cell proliferation was not altered. Translocation of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B), molecules that act downstream of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, were increased to the nucleus under ELF-EMF exposure conditions. In addition, we found that ELF-EMF exposure elevated activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) 2, as well as positively affected the influx of calcium. Furthermore, with both the presence of a potent antioxidant (Resveratrol) and downregulation of the antioxidant-related gene Prx-1 (Peroxiredoxin-1), ELF-EMF was associated with higher inflammatory responses of macrophages. These results suggest that an ELF-EMF amplifies inflammatory responses through enhanced macrophage activation and can decrease the effectiveness of antioxidants. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:374-385, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Won Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Hyung
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Kyoung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hyeob Hyun
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyung Hoon Min
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonku Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Woo Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rezaie-Tavirani M, Hasanzadeh H, Seyyedi S, Zali H. Proteomic Analysis of the Effect of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (ELF-EMF) With Different Intensities in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cell Line. J Lasers Med Sci 2017; 8:79-83. [PMID: 28652900 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2017.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: During the last 3 decades, human is exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) emitted by power lines and electronic devices. It is now well accepted that ELF-EMF are able to produce a variety of biological effects, although the molecular mechanism is unclear and controversial. Investigation of different intensities effects of 50 Hz ELF-EMF on cell morphology and protein expression is the aim of this study. Methods: SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line was exposed to 0.5 and 1 mT 50 Hz (ELF-EMF) for 3 hours. Proteomics techniques were used to determine the effects of these fields on protein expression. Bioinformatic and statistical analysis of proteomes were performed using Progensis SameSpots software. Results: Our results showed that exposure to ELF-EMF changes cell morphology and induces a dose-dependent decrease in the proliferation rate of the cells. The proteomic studies and bioinformatic analysis indicate that exposure to 50 Hz ELF-EMF leads to alteration of cell protein expression in both dose-dependent and intensity dependent manner, but the later is more pronounced. Conclusion: Our data suggests that increased intensity of ELF-EMF may be associated with more alteration in cell protein expression, as well as effect on cell morphology and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Samaneh Seyyedi
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediates radiation-induced pyroptosis in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2579. [PMID: 28151471 PMCID: PMC5386456 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A limit to the clinical benefit of radiotherapy is not an incapacity to eliminate tumor cells but rather a limit on its capacity to do so without destroying normal tissue and inducing inflammation. Recent evidence reveals that the inflammasome is essential for mediating radiation-induced cell and tissue damage. In this study, using primary cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and a mouse radiation model, we explored the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the secondary pyroptosis underlying radiation-induced immune cell death. We observed an increasing proportion of pyroptosis and elevating Caspase-1 activation in 10 and 20 Gy radiation groups. Nlrp3 knock out significantly diminished the quantity of cleaved-Caspase-1 (p10) and IL-1β as well as the proportion of pyroptosis. Additionally, in vivo research shows that 9.5 Gy of radiation promotes Caspase-1 activation in marginal zone cells and induces death in mice, both of which can be significantly inhibited by knocking out Nlrp3. Thus, based on these findings, we conclude that the NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediates radiation-induced pyroptosis in BMDMs. Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis may serve as effective strategies to diminish injury caused by radiation.
Collapse
|
44
|
Bai WF, Xu WC, Zhu HX, Huang H, Wu B, Zhang MS. Efficacy of 50 Hz electromagnetic fields on human epidermal stem cell transplantation seeded in collagen sponge scaffolds for wound healing in a murine model. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 38:204-212. [PMID: 28106913 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To explore the possible efficacy of electromagnetic fields (EMF) for skin tissue engineering, effects of EMF exposure on epidermal stem cells (ESC) seeded in collagen sponge scaffolds for wound healing in a murine model were investigated. The wound models of a full-thickness defect established with 36 7 ∼ 8-week-old nude mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, an ESC-only group, and an ESC with EMF exposure group (frequency of 50 Hz, magnetic induction of 5 mT, 60 min per day for 20 days). ESC were separated from human foreskin and cultured in vitro, and then transplanted with collagen sponge scaffolds as a delivery vehicle to wounds of the ESC-only group, and ESC with EMF exposure group was exposed to EMF after ESC transplantation. Effects of EMF on morphological changes and expression of β1 integrin in regenerated skins were observed. Wound healing rates and healing times were collected to evaluate the efficacy of repairment. Results showed that human ESC were successfully transplanted to nude mice, which facilitated the formation of intact skin on nude mice. In contrast to other groups, the wound healing of ESC with EMF exposure group was the fastest (P < 0.05), the structure of regenerated skins was more mature, and it contained more continuity in the number of viable cell layers and rich hair follicles' structure. These results suggest that the use of 50 Hz EMF as a non-invasive treatment can accelerate wound healing of ESC transplantation, and restore structural integrity of regenerated skin. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:204-212,2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fang Bai
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Huang
- School of Information, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cichoń N, Olejnik AK, Miller E, Saluk J. The multipotent action of electromagnetic field. Biologia (Bratisl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
46
|
Akbarnejad Z, Eskandary H, Vergallo C, Nematollahi-Mahani SN, Dini L, Darvishzadeh-Mahani F, Ahmadi M. Effects of extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) on glioblastoma cells (U87). Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 36:238-247. [PMID: 27874284 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2016.1251452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) at various frequencies and amplitudes was investigated on cell cycle, apoptosis and viability of the Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) cell line (U87), in vitro. The GBM is a malignant brain tumor with high mortality in humans and poorly responsive to the most common type of cancer treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. U87 cells with five experimental groups (I-V) were exposed to various ELF-PEMFs for 2, 4 and 24 h, as follows: (I) no exposure, control; (II) 50 Hz 100 ± 15 G; (III) 100 Hz 100 ± 15 G; (IV) 10 Hz 50 ± 10 G; (V) 50 Hz 50 ± 10 G. The morphology properties, cell viability and gene expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation (Cyclin-D1 and P53) and apoptosis (Caspase-3) were investigated. After 24 h, the cell viability and Cyclin-D1 expression increased in Group II (30%, 45%), whereas they decreased in Groups III (29%, 31%) and IV (21%, 34%); P53 and Caspase-3 elevated only in Group III; and no significant difference was observed in Group V, respectively, compared with the control (p < 0.05). The data suggest that the proliferation and apoptosis of human GBM are influenced by exposure to ELF-PEMFs in different time-dependent frequencies and amplitudes. The fact that some of the ELF-PEMFs frequencies and amplitudes favor U87 cells proliferation indicates precaution for the use of medical devices related to the MFs on cancer patients. On the other hand, some other ELF-PEMFs frequencies and intensities arresting U87 cells growth could open the way to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Akbarnejad
- a Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology , Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Hossein Eskandary
- a Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology , Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran.,b Afzal Research Institute (NGO) , Kerman , Iran
| | - Cristian Vergallo
- c Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.) , University of Salento , Lecce , Italy
| | | | - Luciana Dini
- c Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Di.S.Te.B.A.) , University of Salento , Lecce , Italy.,e CNR Nanotec , Lecce , Italy
| | - Fatemeh Darvishzadeh-Mahani
- a Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology , Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi
- a Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology , Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, Diaz AR, Martinelli M, Cucchiarini L, Sestili P, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on antioxidant activity in the human keratinocyte cell line NCTC 2544. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2016; 64:415-422. [PMID: 27001710 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies have suggested possible associations between exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and various diseases. Recently, ELF-EMF has been considered as a therapeutic agent. To support ELF-EMF use in regenerative medicine, in particular in the treatment of skin injuries, we investigated whether significant cell damage occurs after ELF-EMF exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated in the human keratinocyte exposed for 1 H to 50 Hz ELF-EMF in a range of field strengths from 0.25 to 2 G. Significant ROS increases resulted at 0.5 and 1 G and under these flux densities ROS production, glutathione content, antioxidant defense activity, and lipid peroxidation markers were assessed for different lengths of time. Analyzed parameters of antioxidant defense and membrane integrity showed a different trend at two selected magnetic fluxes, with a greater sensitivity of the cells exposed to 0.5 G, especially after 1 H. All significant alterations observed in the first 4 H of exposure reverted to controls 24 H after suggesting that under these conditions, ELF-EMF induces a slight oxidative stress that does not overwhelm the metabolic capacity of the cells or have a cytotoxic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Diaz
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maddalena Martinelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pasi F, Sanna S, Paolini A, Alquati M, Lascialfari A, Corti ME, Liberto RD, Cialdai F, Monici M, Nano R. Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetotherapy on proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts. Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 35:343-52. [PMID: 27254779 DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2016.1138123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) applied in magnetotherapy have frequency lower than 100 Hz and magnetic field intensity ranging from 0.1 to 20 mT. For many years, the use of magnetotherapy in clinics has been increasing because of its beneficial effects in many processes, e.g., skin diseases, inflammation and bone disorders. However, the understanding of the microscopic mechanisms governing such processes is still lacking and the results of the studies on the effects of ELF-EMFs are controversial because effects derive from different conditions and from intrinsic responsiveness of different cell types.In the present study, we studied the biological effects of 1.5 h exposure of human dermal fibroblasts to EMFs with frequencies of 5 and 50 Hz and intensity between 0.25 and 1.6 mT. Our data showed that the magnetic treatment did not produce changes in cell viability, but gave evidence of a sizeable decrease in proliferation at 24 h after treatment. In addition, immunofluorescence experiments displayed an increase in tubulin expression that could foreshadow changes in cell motility or morphology. The decrease in proliferation with unchanged viability and increase in tubulin expression could be consistent with the triggering of a transdifferentiation process after the exposure to ELF-EMFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pasi
- a Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "L. Spallanzani" , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.,b Department of Radiation Oncology , IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation , Pavia , Italy
| | - Samuele Sanna
- c Department of Physics , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Alessandro Paolini
- a Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "L. Spallanzani" , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.,d Department of Medical Physics , IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation , Pavia , Italy
| | - Marco Alquati
- c Department of Physics , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - Alessandro Lascialfari
- c Department of Physics , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy.,e Department of Physics , University of Milano , Milano , Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Di Liberto
- d Department of Medical Physics , IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation , Pavia , Italy
| | - Francesca Cialdai
- f ASA Research Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Monica Monici
- f ASA Research Division, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Rosanna Nano
- a Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "L. Spallanzani" , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shen Y, Xia R, Jiang H, Chen Y, Hong L, Yu Y, Xu Z, Zeng Q. Exposure to 50Hz-sinusoidal electromagnetic field induces DNA damage-independent autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 77:72-79. [PMID: 27177844 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As electromagnetic field (EMF) is commonly encountered within our daily lives, the biological effects of EMF are of great concern. Autophagy is a key process for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and it can also reveal cellular responses to environmental stimuli. In this study, we aim to investigate the biological effects of a 50Hz-sinusoidal electromagnetic field on autophagy and we identified its mechanism of action in Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) cells. CHL cells were exposed to a 50Hz sinusoidal EMF at 0.4mT for 30min or 24h. In this study, we found that a 0.4mT EMF resulted in: (i) an increase in LC3-II expression and increased autophagosome formation; (ii) no significant difference in the incidence of γH2AX foci between the sham and exposure groups; (iii) reorganized actin filaments and increased pseudopodial extensions without promoting cell migration; and (iv) enhanced cell apoptosis when autophagy was blocked by Bafilomycin A1. These results implied that DNA damage was not directly involved in the autophagy induced by a 0.4mT 50Hz EMF. In addition, an EMF induced autophagy balanced the cellular homeostasis to protect the cells from severe adverse biological consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Shen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ruohong Xia
- Physics Department, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Hengjun Jiang
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ling Hong
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhengping Xu
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Qunli Zeng
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mina D, Sagonas K, Fragopoulou AF, Pafilis P, Skouroliakou A, Margaritis LH, Tsitsilonis OE, Valakos ED. Immune responses of a wall lizard to whole-body exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:162-8. [PMID: 26853383 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2016.1135262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During the last three decades, the number of devices that emit non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation (EMR) at the wireless communication spectrum has rapidly increased and possible effects on living organisms have become a major concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency EMR emitted by a widely used wireless communication device, namely the Digital Enhanced Communication Telephony (DECT) base, on the immune responses of the Aegean wall lizard (Podarcis erhardii). MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male lizards were exposed 24 h/day for 8 weeks to 1880-1900 MHz DECT base radiation at average electric field intensity of 3.2 V/m. Immune reactivity was assessed using the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin swelling and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) tests. RESULTS Our results revealed a noticeable suppression (approximately 45%) of inflammatory responses in EMR-exposed lizards compared to sham-exposed animals. T cell-mediated responses were marginally affected. CONCLUSION Daily radiofrequency EMR exposure seems to affect, at least partially, the immunocompetence of the Aegean wall lizard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Mina
- a Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece ;,b Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Kostas Sagonas
- b Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Adamantia F Fragopoulou
- a Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Panayiotis Pafilis
- c Department of Zoology and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Aikaterini Skouroliakou
- d Department of Energy Technology Engineering , Technological Educational Institute of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Lukas H Margaritis
- a Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Ourania E Tsitsilonis
- b Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Efstratios D Valakos
- b Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology , University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| |
Collapse
|