1
|
Shahbaz R, Saemi E, Doustan M, Hogg JA, Diekfuss JA. The effect of a visual illusion and self-controlled practice on motor learning in children at risk for developmental coordination disorder. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12414. [PMID: 38816488 PMCID: PMC11139998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous efforts have been made to test the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning in healthy children and adult populations. However, only a small number of studies have tested this theory in children with cognitive-motor disorders, such as developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The present study aims to examine the individual and additive effects of a visual illusion and self-controlled practice on a golf putting task in children at risk for DCD based on the OPTIMAL theory. Forty children at risk for DCD (mean age = 8.57 ± 1.05 years) were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (1-small visual illusion + self-controlled practice; 2-big visual illusion + self-controlled practice; 3-small visual illusion + yoked; 4-big visual illusion + yoked). Following 12 pretest trials of a golf putting task, the participants completed 5 blocks of 12 trials of practice on the first day. A retention test (12 trials) and a transfer dual-task test (12 trials) were conducted on the second day. The results indicated that in retention test the big visual illusion + self-controlled practice group was significantly better than the small visual illusion + yoked group (p = 0.01), while there was not any other significant difference between groups at retention test as well as between all groups at practice phase and transfer test (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). In other words, an additive effect has been observed just in the retention test but not the practice phase as well as transfer test. In general, the results of this study support the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning in children at risk for DCD and suggests to all educators who work with these children to use the combination of the visual illusion with self-controlled practice to improve the motor learning of children at risk for DCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Shahbaz
- Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Saemi
- Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Doustan
- Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jennifer A Hogg
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Jed A Diekfuss
- Emory Sports Performance And Research Center (SPARC), Flowery Branch, GA, USA
- Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Farhat F, Ammar A, Mezghani N, Kammoun MM, Trabelsi K, Jahrami H, Gharbi A, Sallemi L, Rebai H, Moalla W, Smits-Engelsman B. Spatial Accuracy and Variability in Dart Throwing in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder and the Relationship with Ball Skill Items. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1028-1043. [PMID: 38667822 PMCID: PMC11049260 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine precision and variability in dart throwing performance and the relationships between these outcomes and bouncing, throwing and catching tasks in children with and without DCD. Children between the ages of 8 and 10 years (n = 165) were classified according to results obtained on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2) and divided into three groups: 65 children with severe DCD (s-DCD), 45 with moderate DCD (m-DCD) and 55 typically developing children (TD). All children performed the dart throwing test and the ball skill items of the Performance and Fitness Test (PERF-FIT). The accuracy and variability of dart throwing tasks were significantly different between TD and s-DCD (p < 0.01), and also between m-DCD and s-DCD (p < 0.01). Participants with s-DCD were also found to perform significantly worse on all PERF-FIT ball skill items than m-DCD (p < 0.001), and m-DCD were significantly poorer than TD (p < 0.001). The dart score and coefficient of variation of the long-distance task appear to be significant predictors for the ball skills and explain between 24 to 29% of their variance. In conclusion, poor results in aiming tasks using darts in children with DCD corroborate with the explanation of deficits in predictive control since the tasks require ballistic movements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiçal Farhat
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
| | - Achraf Ammar
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
- Department of Training and Movement Science, Institute of Sport Science, Johannes-Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR19ES13, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France
| | - Nourhen Mezghani
- Department of Sport Sciences, College of Education, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Moncef Kammoun
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- College of Medicine and Medical Science, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 293, Bahrain;
| | - Adnene Gharbi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health Research Unit, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Lassad Sallemi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Haithem Rebai
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
- Sports Performance Optimization Research Laboratory (LR09SEP01), National Center for Sports Medicine and Science (CNMSS), Tunis 1003, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Moalla
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (F.F.); (M.M.K.); (K.T.); (L.S.); (W.M.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (A.G.); (H.R.)
| | - Bouwien Smits-Engelsman
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation, Faculty Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang Q, Kuo LC, Fong KNK, Chien CW. Rapid online correction of reach-to-manipulate movements in children with developmental coordination disorder: A pilot kinematic comparison study. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2024; 111:106154. [PMID: 38029478 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.106154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with developmental coordination disorder show difficulties in making rapid online corrections, and this has been demonstrated in experiments where reaching/pointing movements were employed. However, typical hand movements in real-life contexts involve subsequent movements, such as grasping and manipulating objects after reaching. This study aimed to reinvestigate online correction of reaching movements that were connected with grasping and object manipulation and to explore its impact on the coordination of subsequent hand movements in children with developmental coordination disorder. METHODS Five children with developmental coordination disorder and five children with typical development were recruited. Their reach-to-manipulate movements in a double-step task were recorded using motion analysis. The manipulative movements included simple and complex forms of pencil rotation. Movement time, movement velocity, and correlation coefficients between finger joints were derived to quantify their motor performances. FINDINGS Children with developmental coordination disorder showed longer movement time and deceleration phases during online correction of reaching movement than children without developmental coordination disorder. In subsequent grasping and manipulation movements after online correction, they also exhibited lower correlation coefficients in four to five finger joint couplings that are essential for movement completion, compared to children without developmental coordination disorder. INTERPRETATION Our findings from the current pilot study suggest that children with developmental coordination disorder have impairments in online correction when reaching for objects and may also have reduced coordination of some finger movements that are important for subsequent grasping and object manipulation. Future studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quting Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Li-Chieh Kuo
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kenneth N K Fong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chi-Wen Chien
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Allen K, Harris D, Arthur T, Wood G, Buckingham G. Investigating how prior knowledge influences perception and action in developmental coordination disorder. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2023:17470218231214479. [PMID: 37926854 DOI: 10.1177/17470218231214479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is characterised by a broad spectrum of difficulties in performing motor tasks. It has recently been proposed that a specific deficit in sensorimotor prediction and feedforward planning might underpin these motoric impairments. The purpose of this study was to use a naturalistic object lifting paradigm to examine whether deficits in sensorimotor prediction might underpin the broad spectrum of difficulties individuals with DCD face when interacting with objects in their environment. We recruited 60 children with probable DCD and 61 children without DCD and measured perceptions of heaviness and fingertip force rate application when interacting with objects which varied in their apparent weight. If deficits in sensorimotor prediction do underpin the broad-ranging motor difficulties seen in DCD, we would expect to see a reduced effect of visual size cues on fingertip force rates and illusory misperceptions of object heaviness. We found no evidence of differences in any metrics of sensorimotor prediction between children with (n = 46) and without DCD (n = 61). Furthermore, there was no correlation between any metrics of sensorimotor prediction and motor performance (as assessed by the standard diagnostic movement assessment battery). Illusory misperceptions of object weight also did not appear to differ between groups. These findings suggest that issues with sensorimotor prediction are unlikely to affect the performance of simple real-world movements in those with DCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Allen
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Health and Care Professions, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - David Harris
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Tom Arthur
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Gavin Buckingham
- Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bartov R, Wagner M, Shvalb N, Hochhauser M. Enhancing Handwriting Performance of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) Using Computerized Visual Feedback. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1534. [PMID: 37761495 PMCID: PMC10529407 DOI: 10.3390/children10091534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have analyzed the writing metrics of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) using computerized systems. To date, the use of computerized visual feedback to improve handwriting has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the effects of computerized visual feedback on handwriting performance in time, spatial orientation, and pressure indices for children with DCD. Twenty-seven children aged 7 to 12 years with DCD assessed by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children and the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire received one weekly intervention session for 8 weeks, during which they twice copied an excerpt onto a tablet. Once, they received visual feedback where the writing color corresponded to the degree of pressure on the writing surface, and once they received no visual feedback. The two conditions were counterbalanced throughout the sessions. Pre-intervention sessions were compared with post-intervention sessions and with new texts for time, spatial orientation, and pressure measures. The findings revealed significantly decreased total and mean letter writing, in-air, and writing time and increased capacity in the visual feedback condition. In the spatial variables, a significant decrease in letter height variance was found. Pressure increased significantly throughout the intervention with visual feedback, whereas it decreased post-test in the writing task in both conditions and was maintained in the new text. Visual feedback intervention can increase the kinesthetic-haptic feedback required to regulate pressure during writing, promoting more efficient feedforward processes and improving output quality and capacity. The training effectiveness was transferable, and the intervention accessibility could increase student autonomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bartov
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Department of Special Education, Orot Israel College, Elkana 4481400, Israel
| | - Michael Wagner
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Nir Shvalb
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Michal Hochhauser
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saha R, Bhushan K, Satgunam P. Feasibility of measuring eye–hand coordination in children with developmental delay using Sanet Vision Integrator. BRITISH JOURNAL OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/02646196221148321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Eye–hand coordination is a visuomotor task that enables one to look, localize, and touch objects. Eye–hand coordination is known to be poor in children with developmental delay. In this study, we assessed the feasibility of measuring eye–hand coordination task in children with developmental delay using Sanet Vision Integrator (SVI), a commercially available device. Children (age: 3–16 years) with developmental delay and their age-similar typically developing peers were enrolled. White circles (5.5°) on a black background were presented on the SVI touch screen monitor. Participants popped these circles by touching it. Reaction time, accuracy, and an overall performance score were computed. Participants could perform the task from 4 years of age and with visual acuity 20/400 (6/120) or better. This resulted in 85% (17/20) of children with developmental delay and 95% (19/20) of typically developing children completing the task. Children with developmental delay were significantly ( p < .001) less accurate (56%) and took longer (2.63 s) to complete the task when compared with their peers (accuracy = 93%, reaction time = 1.46 s). The overall performance score of children with developmental delay was also lower than their peers by a factor of 3.3. Eye–hand coordination performance can be measured and quantified with SVI. The quantification of speed and accuracy is possible and a unitary measure combining speed-accuracy can be computed. The task can be performed both by typically developing children and by children with developmental delay. Thus, it is feasible to measure eye–hand coordination using SVI. Such quantification will be useful for children undergoing interdisciplinary therapies for their medical conditions.
Collapse
|
7
|
Pinero-Pinto E, Romero-Galisteo RP, Sánchez-González MC, Escobio-Prieto I, Luque-Moreno C, Palomo-Carrión R. Motor Skills and Visual Deficits in Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247447. [PMID: 36556062 PMCID: PMC9784736 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a developmental disorder in which numerous comorbidities seem to coexist, such as motor and visual impairment and some executive functions; Methods: A narrative review on motor and visual deficits in children with DCD was carried out; Results and Discussion: Fine and gross motor skills are affected in children with DCD. In addition, they seem to be related to visual deficits, such as difficulty in visual perception, sensory processing and visual memory. Limitations have also been found in accommodation. Interventions in children with DCD should be aimed at improving both aspects, since vision affects motor skills and vice versa; Conclusions: In children with DCD, who present a marked deficit in global shape processing, it causes an association between deficiencies in visual perception and motor skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pinero-Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Rita Pilar Romero-Galisteo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Science Health, University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Isabel Escobio-Prieto
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Carlos Luque-Moreno
- Department of Physical Therapy. Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Palomo-Carrión
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Niechwiej-Szwedo E, Wu S, Nouredanesh M, Tung J, Christian LW. Development of eye-hand coordination in typically developing children and adolescents assessed using a reach-to-grasp sequencing task. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 80:102868. [PMID: 34509902 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Eye-hand coordination is required to accurately perform daily activities that involve reaching, grasping and manipulating objects. Studies using aiming, grasping or sequencing tasks have shown a stereotypical temporal coupling pattern where the eyes are directed to the object in advance of the hand movement, which may facilitate the planning and execution required for reaching. While the temporal coordination between the ocular and manual systems has been extensively investigated in adults, relatively little is known about the typical development of eye-hand coordination. Therefore, the current study addressed an important knowledge gap by characterizing the profile of eye-hand coupling in typically developing school-age children (n = 57) and in a cohort of adults (n = 30). Eye and hand movements were recorded concurrently during the performance of a bead threading task which consists of four distinct movements: reach to bead, grasp, reach to needle, and thread. Results showed a moderate to high correlation between eye and hand latencies in children and adults, supporting that both movements were planned in parallel. Eye and reach latencies, latency differences, and dwell time during grasping and threading, showed significant age-related differences, suggesting eye-hand coupling becomes more efficient in adolescence. Furthermore, visual acuity, stereoacuity and accommodative facility were also found to be associated with the efficiency of eye-hand coordination in children. Results from this study can serve as reference values when examining eye and hand movement during the performance of fine motor skills in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Niechwiej-Szwedo
- Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Susana Wu
- Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mina Nouredanesh
- Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - James Tung
- Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Lisa W Christian
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Warlop G, Vansteenkiste P, Lenoir M, Deconinck FJA. Young Adults With Developmental Coordination Disorder Adopt a Different Visual Strategy During a Hazard Perception Test for Cyclists. Front Psychol 2021; 12:665189. [PMID: 33935926 PMCID: PMC8079720 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.665189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cycling in traffic requires a combination of motor and perceptual skills while interacting with a dynamic and fast-changing environment. The inferior perceptual-motor skills in individuals with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) may put them at a higher risk for accidents. A key skill to navigate in traffic is to quickly detect hazardous situations. This perceptual-cognitive skill was investigated in young adults with DCD using simulated traffic situations in a hazard perception test in cycling. Nine individuals with DCD (age: 23.0 ± 3.8) and nine typically developing (TD) individuals (age: 24.6 ± 3.5) participated in the study and completed the test while their gaze was tracked using a remote eye tracking device. A questionnaire was used to determine cycling experience and the perception of cycling and anticipation skill in traffic. Despite a longer period to master the motor skill of cycling, individuals with DCD reported to be able to safely cycle in traffic around the same age as TD young adults. In the hazard perception test, individuals with DCD fixated the hazards later, less frequently and for a shorter duration than the TD participants, however, the participants with DCD did not wait longer to react to the hazard than the TD participants. Interestingly, individuals with DCD rated the traffic situations in the test as significantly more dangerous than the TD participants. In conclusion, the differences exposed in the hazard perception test may imply an increased risk of accidents in individuals with DCD. In further research and practice it is recommended that both the motor and the perceptual aspects of cycling are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Griet Warlop
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Matthieu Lenoir
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Arthur T, Harris DJ, Allen K, Naylor CE, Wood G, Vine S, Wilson MR, Tsaneva-Atanasova K, Buckingham G. Visuo-motor attention during object interaction in children with developmental coordination disorder. Cortex 2021; 138:318-328. [PMID: 33780720 PMCID: PMC8064026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) describes a condition of poor motor performance in the absence of intellectual impairment. Despite being one of the most prevalent developmental disorders, little is known about how fundamental visuomotor processes might function in this group. One prevalent idea is children with DCD interact with their environment in a less predictive fashion than typically developing children. A metric of prediction which has not been examined in this group is the degree to which the hands and eyes are coordinated when performing manual tasks. To this end, we examined hand and eye movements during an object lifting task in a group of children with DCD (n = 19) and an age-matched group of children without DCD (n = 39). We observed no differences between the groups in terms of how well they coordinated their hands and eyes when lifting objects, nor in terms of the degree by which the eye led the hand. We thus find no evidence to support the proposition that children with DCD coordinate their hands and eyes in a non-predictive fashion. In a follow-up exploratory analysis we did, however, note differences in fundamental patterns of eye movements between the groups, with children in the DCD group showing some evidence of atypical visual sampling strategies and gaze anchoring behaviours during the task.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Arthur
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - David J Harris
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Kate Allen
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK; Department of Health and Social Care, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK
| | | | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
| | - Sam Vine
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova
- Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering, Mathematics, and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, UK; Translational Research Exchange @ Exeter, University of Exeter, UK
| | - Gavin Buckingham
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, UK; Translational Research Exchange @ Exeter, University of Exeter, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Unimanual and bimanual motor performance in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) provide evidence for underlying motor control deficits. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5982. [PMID: 33727614 PMCID: PMC7971033 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of our understanding of motor control deficits in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) comes from upper limb assessments focusing on the dominant limb. Here, using two robotic behavioural tasks, we investigated motor control in both the dominant and non-dominant limbs of children with DCD. Twenty-six children with diagnosed DCD (20 males; mean age 10.6 years ± 1.3 years) and 155 controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed a visually guided reaching task with their dominant and non-dominant limbs and a bimanual object hitting task. Motor performance was quantified across nine parameters. We determined the number of children with DCD who fell outside of the typical performance range of the controls on these parameters and compared the DCD and control groups using ANCOVAs, accounting for age. Children with DCD demonstrated impairments in six out of nine parameters; deficits were more commonly noted in the non-dominant limb. Interestingly, when looking at individual performance, several children with DCD performed in the range of controls. These findings indicate that children with DCD display deficits in motor control in both the dominant and non-dominant limb and highlight the importance of including detailed assessments of both limbs when investigating children with DCD. They also demonstrate the variability in motor control performance evidenced by children with DCD.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gomez A, Huron C. Subitizing and counting impairments in children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2020; 104:103717. [PMID: 32585441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) interferes with academic achievement and daily life, and is associated with persistent academic difficulties, in particular within mathematical learning. In the present study, we aimed to study numerical cognition using an approach that taps very basic numerical processes such as subitizing and counting abilities in DCD. We used a counting task and a subitizing task in forty 7-10 years-old children with or without DCD. In both tasks, children were presented with arrays of one to eight dots and asked to name aloud the number of dots as accurately and quickly as possible. In the subitizing task, dots were presented during 250 ms whereas in the counting task they stayed on the screen until the participants gave a verbal response. The results showed that children with DCD were less accurate and slower in the two enumeration tasks (with and without a time limit), providing evidence that DCD impairs both counting and subitizing. These impairments might have a deleterious impact on the ability to improve the acuity of the Approximate Number System through counting, and thus could play a role in the underachievement of children with DCD in mathematics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Gomez
- Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, UMR 5229, Bron, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inspé, France; INSERM, U992, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA/SAC/DSV/DRM/NeuroSpin, Bat 145, Point Courrier 156, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; CEA, DSV/I2BM, NeuroSpin Center, Bât 145, Point Courrier 156, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Univ Paris-Sud, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Bât 300, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France; INSERM U1284, France.
| | - Caroline Huron
- INSERM, U992, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA/SAC/DSV/DRM/NeuroSpin, Bat 145, Point Courrier 156, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; CEA, DSV/I2BM, NeuroSpin Center, Bât 145, Point Courrier 156, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Univ Paris-Sud, Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Bât 300, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France; Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity (CRI), France; Université de Paris, France; INSERM U1284, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parr JVV, Foster RJ, Wood G, Hollands MA. Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Exhibit Greater Stepping Error Despite Similar Gaze Patterns and State Anxiety Levels to Their Typically Developing Peers. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:303. [PMID: 32848677 PMCID: PMC7399056 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined stepping accuracy, gaze behavior, and state-anxiety in children with (N = 21, age M = 10.81, SD = 1.89) and without (N = 18, age M = 11.39, SD = 2.06) developmental coordination disorder (DCD) during an adaptive locomotion task. Participants walked at a self-selected pace along a pathway, placing their foot into a raised rectangular floor-based target box followed by either no obstacles, one obstacle, or two obstacles. Stepping kinematics and accuracy were determined using three-dimensional motion capture, whilst gaze was determined using mobile eye-tracking equipment. The children with DCD displayed greater foot placement error and variability when placing their foot within the target box and were more likely to make contact with its edges than their typically developing (TD) peers. The DCD group also displayed greater variability in the length and width of their steps in the approach to the target box. No differences were observed between groups in any of the gaze variables measured, in mediolateral velocity of the center of mass during the swing phase into the target box, or in the levels of self-reported state-anxiety experienced prior to facing each task. We therefore provide the first quantifiable evidence that deficits to foot placement accuracy and precision may be partially responsible for the increased incidence of trips and falls in DCD, and that these deficits are likely to occur independently from gaze behavior and state-anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny V V Parr
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Foster
- Research to Improve Stair Climbing Safety, Faculty of Science, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Greg Wood
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Hollands
- Research to Improve Stair Climbing Safety, Faculty of Science, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Junghans BM, Khuu SK. Populations Norms for "SLURP"-An iPad App for Quantification of Visuomotor Coordination Testing. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:711. [PMID: 31354420 PMCID: PMC6636550 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently the integrity of brain function that drives behavior is predominantly measured in terms of pure motor function, yet most human behavior is visually driven. A means of easily quantifying such visually-driven brain function for comparison against population norms is lacking. Analysis of eye-hand coordination (EHC) using a digital game-like situation with downloadable spatio-temporal details has potential for clinicians and researchers. A simplified protocol for the Lee-Ryan EHC (Slurp) Test app for iPad® has been developed to monitor EHC. The two subtests selected, each of six quickly completed items with appeal to all ages, were found equivalent in terms of total errors/time and sensitive to developmental and aging milestones known to affect EHC. The sensitivity of outcomes due to the type of stylus being used during testing was also explored. Populations norms on 221 participants aged 5 to 80+years are presented for each test item according to two commonly used stylus types. The Slurp app uses two-dimensional space and is suited to clinicians for pre/post-intervention testing and to researchers in psychological, medical, and educational domains who are interested in understanding brain function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M Junghans
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sieu K Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Licari MK, Reynolds JE, Tidman S, Ndiaye S, Sekaran SN, Reid SL, Lay BS. Visual tracking behaviour of two-handed catching in boys with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 83:280-286. [PMID: 30097307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor learning disability that affects coordination resulting in an inability to perform movement skills at an age appropriate level. One area suspected to contribute to the movement difficulties experienced are deficits in visuomotor control. AIMS This study investigated visual tracking behaviour during catching in children with DCD. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Twenty-four boys completed the study: 11 with DCD (9.43 years ±0.73) and 13 controls (9.16 years ± 0.68). Participants performed 10 central catching trials, with the best five used to evaluate tracking behaviour and motor responses. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Prior to ball release, the DCD group exhibited more fixations (p = 0.043) of lesser duration (p = 0.045). During flight, the DCD group took longer to initiate smooth pursuit (p = 0.003) however, once initiated, both groups were effectively able to maintain smooth pursuit. Despite initial delays, these had no impact on movement initiation time (p = 0.173), however, movement time was significantly slower in the DCD group (p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results of this study demonstrate that catching performance in children with DCD likely reflect a combination of errors in attending to visual information and movement organisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Licari
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Jess E Reynolds
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen Tidman
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Silman Ndiaye
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Siobhan L Reid
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brendan S Lay
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
He J, Fuelscher I, Coxon J, Barhoun P, Parmar D, Enticott P, Hyde C. Impaired motor inhibition in developmental coordination disorder. Brain Cogn 2018; 127:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
17
|
Cignetti F, Vaugoyeau M, Fontan A, Jover M, Livet MO, Hugonenq C, Audic F, Chabrol B, Assaiante C. Feedforward motor control in developmental dyslexia and developmental coordination disorder: Does comorbidity matter? RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 76:25-34. [PMID: 29547764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Feedforward and online controls are two facets of predictive motor control from internal models, which is suspected to be impaired in learning disorders. We examined whether the feedforward component is affected in children (8-12 years) with developmental dyslexia (DD) and/or with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) compared to typically developing (TD) children. METHODS Children underwent a bimanual unloading paradigm during which a load supported to one arm, the postural arm, was either unexpectedly unloaded by a computer or voluntary unloaded by the subject with the other arm. RESULTS All children showed a better stabilization (lower flexion) of the postural arm and an earlier inhibition of the arm flexors during voluntary unloading, indicating anticipation of unloading. Between-group comparisons of kinematics and electromyographic activity of the postural arm revealed that the difference during voluntary unloading was between DD-DCD children and the other groups, with the former showing a delayed inhibition of the flexor muscles. CONCLUSION Deficit of the feedforward component of motor control may particularly apply to comorbid subtypes, here the DD-DCD subtype. The development of a comprehensive framework for motor performance deficits in children with learning disorders will be achieved only by dissociating key components of motor prediction and focusing on subtypes and comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Cignetti
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, FR 3512, Marseille, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Marianne Vaugoyeau
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, FR 3512, Marseille, France
| | - Aurelie Fontan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, FR 3512, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marie-Odile Livet
- Service de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier du pays d'Aix, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Catherine Hugonenq
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, CHU Timone-Enfants, Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Audic
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, CHU Timone-Enfants, Marseille, France
| | - Brigitte Chabrol
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, CHU Timone-Enfants, Marseille, France
| | - Christine Assaiante
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, FR 3512, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gonzalez CC, Mon-Williams M, Burke S, Burke MR. Cognitive Control of Saccadic Eye Movements in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165380. [PMID: 27812128 PMCID: PMC5094793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to use advance information to prepare and execute a movement requires cognitive control of behaviour (e.g., anticipation and inhibition). Our aim was to explore the integrity of saccadic eye movement control in developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and typically developing (TD) children (8-12 years) and assess how these children plan and inhibit saccadic responses, the principal mechanisms within visual attention control. Eye movements and touch responses were measured (separately and concurrently) in Cued and Non-Cued conditions. We found that children with DCD had similar saccade kinematics to the TD group during saccade initiation. Advance information decreased hand movement duration in both groups during Cued trials, but decrements in accuracy were significantly worse in the DCD group. In addition, children with DCD exhibited greater inhibitory errors and inaccurate fixation during the Cued trials. Thus, children with DCD were reasonably proficient in executing saccades during reflexive (Non-Cued) conditions, but showed deficits in more complex control processes involving prediction and inhibition. These findings have implications for our understanding of motor control in children with DCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C Gonzalez
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Sports, Health and Exercise Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Mon-Williams
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Burke
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie R Burke
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Changes in dynamic balance control over time in children with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2016; 49:148-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
20
|
Kaneko M, Yamashita Y, Iramina K. Quantitative Evaluation System of Soft Neurological Signs for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16010116. [PMID: 26797613 PMCID: PMC4732149 DOI: 10.3390/s16010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Soft neurological signs (SNS) are minor neurological abnormalities in motor performance, and are used as one evaluation method for neurodevelopmental delays in children with ADHD. Our aim is to establish a quantitative evaluation system for children with ADHD. We focused on the arm movement called pronation and supination, which is one such soft neurological sign. Thirty three children with ADHD aged 7–11 years (27 males, six females) and twenty five adults participants aged 21–29 years old (19 males, six females) participated in our experiments. Our results suggested that the pronation and supination function in children with ADHD has a tendency to lag behind that of typically developing children by several years. From these results, our system has a possibility to objectively evaluate the neurodevelopmental delay of children with ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kaneko
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka-Shi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yushiro Yamashita
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume-Shi, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Keiji Iramina
- Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka-Shi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka-Shi, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Multisensory integration in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2015; 43:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Fuelscher I, Williams J, Enticott PG, Hyde C. Reduced motor imagery efficiency is associated with online control difficulties in children with probable developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 45-46:239-252. [PMID: 26263409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the ability to correct reaching movements in response to unexpected target changes (i.e., online control) is reduced in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Recent computational modeling of human reaching suggests that these inefficiencies may result from difficulties generating and/or monitoring internal representations of movement. This study was the first to test this putative relationship empirically. We did so by investigating the degree to which the capacity to correct reaching mid-flight could be predicted by motor imagery (MI) proficiency in a sample of children with probable DCD (pDCD). Thirty-four children aged 8 to 12 years (17 children with pDCD and 17 age-matched controls) completed the hand rotation task, a well-validated measure of MI, and a double-step reaching task (DSRT), a protocol commonly adopted to infer one's capacity for correcting reaching online. As per previous research, children with pDCD demonstrated inefficiencies in their ability to generate internal action representations and correct their reaching online, demonstrated by inefficient hand rotation performance and slower correction to the reach trajectory following unexpected target perturbation during the DSRT compared to age-matched controls. Critically, hierarchical moderating regression demonstrated that even after general reaching ability was controlled for, MI efficiency was a significant predictor of reaching correction efficiency, a relationship that was constant across groups. Ours is the first study to provide direct pilot evidence in support of the view that a decreased capacity for online control of reaching typical of DCD may be associated with inefficiencies generating and/or using internal representations of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Fuelscher
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Jacqueline Williams
- College of Sport and Exercise Science & Institute of Sport Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian Hyde
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ferguson G, Duysens J, Smits-Engelsman B. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder are deficient in a visuo-manual tracking task requiring predictive control. Neuroscience 2015; 286:13-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
24
|
Ruddock S, Piek J, Sugden D, Morris S, Hyde C, Caeyenberghs K, Wilson P. Coupling online control and inhibitory systems in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Goal-directed reaching. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 36C:244-255. [PMID: 25462485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
For children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), the real-time coupling between frontal executive function and online motor control has not been explored despite reported deficits in each domain. The aim of the present study was to investigate how children with DCD enlist online control under task constraints that compel the need for inhibitory control. A total of 129 school children were sampled from mainstream primary schools. Forty-two children who met research criteria for DCD were compared with 87 typically developing controls on a modified double-jump reaching task. Children within each skill group were divided into three age bands: younger (6-7 years), mid-aged (8-9), and older (10-12). Online control was compared between groups as a function of trial type (non-jump, jump, anti-jump). Overall, results showed that while movement times were similar between skill groups under simple task constraints (non-jump), on perturbation (or jump) trials the DCD group were significantly slower than controls and corrected trajectories later. Critically, the DCD group was further disadvantaged by anti-jump trials where inhibitory control was required; however, this effect reduced with age. While coupling online control and executive systems is not well developed in younger and mid-aged children, there is evidence of age-appropriate coupling in older children. Longitudinal data are needed to clarify this intriguing finding. The theoretical and applied implications of these results are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Ruddock
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jan Piek
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Wilson
- Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adams IL, Lust JM, Wilson PH, Steenbergen B. Compromised motor control in children with DCD: A deficit in the internal model?—A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 47:225-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
26
|
Cheng CH, Ju YY, Chang HW, Chen CL, Pei YC, Tseng KC, Cheng HYK. Motor impairments screened by the movement assessment battery for children-2 are related to the visual-perceptual deficits in children with developmental coordination disorder. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:2172-2179. [PMID: 24915646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was to examine to what extent the motor deficits of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) verified by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) are linked to their visual-perceptual abilities. Seventeen children with DCD and seventeen typically developing children (TD) aged 5-10 years screened from a total of 250 children were recruited. The assessments included MABC-2, traditional test of visual perceptual skills (TVPS-R), and computerized test for sequential coupling of eye and hand as well as motion coherence. The results indicated that children with DCD scored lower than TD in MABC-2, and their total scores were highly correlated with manual dexterity component scores. DCD group also showed poor visual-perceptual abilities in various aspects. The visual discrimination and visual sequential memory from the TVPS-R, the sequential coupling of eye and hand, and the motion coherence demonstrated a moderate or strong correlation with the MABC-2 in the DCD rather than the TD group. It was concluded that the motor problems screened by MABC-2 were significantly related to the visual-perceptual deficits of children with DCD. MABC-2 is suggested to be a prescreening tool to identify the visual-perceptual related motor deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiu Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-Ying Ju
- Department of Adapted Physical Education, National Taiwan Sport University, 250 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Cheng Pei
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
| | - Kevin C Tseng
- Department of Industrial Design, College of Management, Chang Gung University, 259 Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Kathy Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hua 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
de Oliveira RF, Billington J, Wann JP. Optimal use of visual information in adolescents and young adults with developmental coordination disorder. Exp Brain Res 2014; 232:2989-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-014-3983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
28
|
Lee K, Junghans BM, Ryan M, Khuu S, Suttle CM. Development of a novel approach to the assessment of eye-hand coordination. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 228:50-6. [PMID: 24657494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current methods to measure eye-hand coordination (EHC) have been widely applied in research and practical fields. However, some aspects of the methods, such as subjectivity, high price, portability, and high appraisal contribute to difficulties in EHC testing. NEW METHODS The test was developed on an Apple iPad(®) and involves tracing up to 13 shapes with a stylus pen. The time taken to complete each trace and the spatial accuracy of the tracing is automatically recorded. The difficulty level for each shape was evaluated theoretically based on the complexity and length of outline. Ten adults aged 31.5±7.8 years and five children aged 9.4±1.1 years with normal vision participated. RESULTS In adults, the time taken to trace and number of errors significantly decreased from the first to the second attempt (p<0.05) but not thereafter, suggesting a learning effect with repeatability after a practice attempt. Time taken and number of errors in children were both higher in monocular than binocular viewing conditions (p=0.02 and p<0.01, respectively) while adults' performance was similar in both viewing conditions. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Existing EHC tests are subjective in clinics and require higher skills and cost in research, and measure gross EHC. This novel test has been developed to address some of the limitations. CONCLUSIONS The test is engaging for children and adults and is an objective method with potential for the assessment of fine EHC, suited to clinic-based and research use in ophthalmic or brain trauma settings, and in developmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiseok Lee
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Barbara M Junghans
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Malcolm Ryan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sieu Khuu
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Catherine M Suttle
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Health Sciences, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wilmut K, Byrne M. Influences of grasp selection in typically developing children. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2014; 148:181-7. [PMID: 24594384 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
When reaching towards an object, adults favour grasps which, following the intended action, end in a comfortable position even when this requires them to start in an uncomfortable position (the end-state-comfort effect). However, this strategy is not consistently used by children who instead seem to favour a minimal pre-contact rotation of the hand, even when this results in an uncomfortable end position. In terms of multiple movements, the strategies used for grip selection are unclear; adults may still grasp for end-state-comfort given their propensity to plan to the end of a movement; however, children who are less able to concatenate movement may tend to start-state-comfort movements. The current study considered grip selection in children ranging from 4 to 12 years and in a group of adults. Participants were asked to rotate a disc so that an arrow pointed towards a specific target(s), the number of sequences in a movement was increased from one to three. Planning for end-state-comfort was seen in all participants and a clear developmental trajectory was identified whereby the relative comfort of an end position could be directly predicted by age in months. Adults and 10-12-year-olds favoured an end-state-comfort strategy whereas the younger children gave equal weighting to end-state-comfort, start-state-comfort and no initial rotation strategies. All groups were able to end a movement comfortably when it was composed of three steps; however, the proportion of movements relying on an end-state-comfort strategy decreased as sequence length increase whereas the proportion of start-state-comfort and no initial rotation strategies increased. The current data support the concept that a mechanism for planning grasps may be based on motor experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Wilmut
- Faculty of Health Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom.
| | - Maia Byrne
- Faculty of Health Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Creavin AL, Lingam R, Northstone K, Williams C. Ophthalmic abnormalities in children with developmental coordination disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol 2014; 56:164-70. [PMID: 24116926 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore associations between developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and ophthalmic abnormalities in children aged 7 to 8 years. METHOD Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a UK birth cohort, was performed. DCD was defined according to DSM-IV criteria. Children with neurological difficulties or IQ less than 70 were excluded. Ophthalmic abnormalities including visual acuity, refraction, and binocular function were assessed using standard tests. Children who achieved less than the 5th centile in the ALSPAC coordination test and either failed the National Curriculum handwriting test, or achieved less than the 10th centile in the Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL) were defined as having severe DCD, while those who scored between the 5th and 15th centiles in the coordination test and either failed the handwriting test, or achieved less than the 15th centile in the ADL were defined as having moderate DCD. RESULTS Complete data were available for 7154 children. One hundred and twenty children (1.8%) met the criteria for severe DCD. A further 215 children had moderate DCD. Children with severe DCD were more likely to have the following: abnormal sensory fusion at near (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) (1.98 [1.13-3.48]) and distance (2.59 [1.16-5.79]) and motor fusion (1.74 [1.07-2.84]); reduced stereoacuity (2.75 [1.78-4.23]); hypermetropia (2.29 [1.1-4.57]) and anisometropia (2.27 [1.13-4.60]). The majority of children found to have both DCD and a refractive error, had been previously prescribed glasses and wore them for the assessments (71%). INTERPRETATION Children with severe DCD had abnormalities in binocular vision, refractive error, and ocular alignment. We recommend that children with DCD be assessed for ocular abnormalities as early intervention may improve long-term visual outcome. The impact of untreated ocular abnormalities such as refractive error on the accuracy of the diagnosis of DCD is difficult to ascertain and further work would be of benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L Creavin
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hyde C, Wilmut K, Fuelscher I, Williams J. Does implicit motor imagery ability predict reaching correction efficiency? A test of recent models of human motor control. J Mot Behav 2013; 45:259-69. [PMID: 23663190 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2013.785927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurocomputational models of reaching indicate that efficient purposive correction of movement midflight (e.g., online control) depends on one's ability to generate and monitor an accurate internal (neural) movement representation. In the first study to test this empirically, the authors investigated the relationship between healthy young adults' implicit motor imagery performance and their capacity to correct their reaching trajectory. As expected, after controlling for general reaching speed, hierarchical regression demonstrated that imagery ability was a significant predictor of hand correction speed; that is, faster and more accurate imagery performance associated with faster corrections to reaching following target displacement at movement onset. They argue that these findings provide preliminary support for the view that a link exists between an individual's ability to represent movement mentally and correct movement online efficiently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hyde
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Snapp-Childs W, Mon-Williams M, Bingham GP. A sensorimotor approach to the training of manual actions in children with developmental coordination disorder. J Child Neurol 2013; 28:204-12. [PMID: 23076426 PMCID: PMC3695700 DOI: 10.1177/0883073812461945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder affects a relatively large proportion (5%-6%) of the childhood population. Severity of the disorder varies but there is a great need for therapeutic intervention. We propose a method for the training of manual actions in children with developmental coordination disorder. Our solution is achieved by applying haptic virtual reality technology to attack the difficulties that children with developmental coordination disorder evidence. Our results show that children with developmental coordination disorder are able to learn complex motor skills if proper training methods are employed. These findings conflict with reports of impaired motor learning in developmental coordination disorder because of underactivation of cerebellar and parietal networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winona Snapp-Childs
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7007, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hyde CE, Wilson PH. Impaired Online Control in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Reflects Developmental Immaturity. Dev Neuropsychol 2013; 38:81-97. [DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2012.718820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
34
|
Werner JM, Cermak SA, Aziz-Zadeh L. Neural Correlates of Developmental Coordination Disorder: The Mirror Neuron System Hypothesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2012.22029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
35
|
Biancotto M, Skabar A, Bulgheroni M, Carrozzi M, Zoia S. Neuromotor deficits in developmental coordination disorder: evidence from a reach-to-grasp task. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2011; 32:1293-1300. [PMID: 21377830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has been classified as a specific learning disability, nonetheless the underlying cognitive mechanisms are still a matter of discussion. After a summary of the main hypotheses on the principal neuromotor causes of DCD, this study applies a causal model framework to describe the possible coexistence of more than one deficit in this disorder. For this purpose, kinematic analysis was applied to an ecological task, the reach-to-grasp action, introducing the manipulation of three variables: vision, distance and object size. After a thorough neurological and neuropsychological evaluation, 9 children with DCD (7-9 years old) were selected and compared to 27 age-matched control children. The results suggest that children with DCD have a normal neurological characterization of the reaching and grasping movements, in terms of proximal to distal action, but their grasping aperture (MGA) was always wider with respect to controls, particularly when vision was not allowed. In addition, the performance of children with DCD was always slower, more dependent on vision and more variable than that of controls. The MGA of children with DCD could be explained by a deficit in the internal construction of movement for a forward model, while slowness could be related to a control problem in the neuronal firing of the muscles. The idea of a possible coexistence of these two deficits is discussed in accordance to a causal model framework and also addressed considering recent neurophysiologic evidences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Biancotto
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, I.R.C.C.S. Burlo Garofolo, via Dell'Istria 65/1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
de Oliveira RF, Wann JP. Driving skills of young adults with developmental coordination disorder: regulating speed and coping with distraction. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2011; 32:1301-1308. [PMID: 21242057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In two experiments, we used an automatic car simulator to examine the steering control, speed regulation and response to hazards of young adults with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and limited driving experience. In Experiment 1 participants either used the accelerator pedal to regulate their speed, or used the brake pedal when they needed to slow down from a pre-set speed. In Experiment 2, we introduced an auditory distraction condition that shared similarities with maintaining a conversation. Overall, the DCD group produced a larger variance in heading and needed more steering adjustments on straight roads, compared to age-matched controls. When turning bends, the DCD group showed greater difficulty in controlling steering while regulating their speed with the accelerator pedal but this was less problematic when using the brake. The DCD group also responded slower than the control group to pedestrians who walked towards their path. The auditory distraction in Experiment 2 had no visible effects on steering control but increased the reaction times to pedestrians in both groups. We discuss the results in terms of the visuomotor control in steering and the learning of optimal mappings between optic flow and vehicle control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita F de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
de Oliveira RF, Wann JP. Integration of dynamic information for visuomotor control in young adults with developmental coordination disorder. Exp Brain Res 2010; 205:387-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-010-2373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
38
|
Elders V, Sheehan S, Wilson AD, Levesley M, Bhakta B, Mon-Williams M. Head-torso-hand coordination in children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Dev Med Child Neurol 2010; 52:238-43. [PMID: 19549191 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the nature of coordination and control problems in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). METHOD Seven adults (two males, five females, age range 20-28 y; mean 23 y, SD 2 y 8 mo) and eight children with DCD (six males, two females, age range 7-9 y; mean 8 y, SD 8 mo), and 10 without DCD (seven males, three females, age range 7-9 y; mean 8 y, SD 7 mo) sat in a swivel chair and looked at or pointed to targets. Optoelectronic apparatus recorded head, torso, and hand movements, and the spatial and temporal characteristics of the movements were computed. RESULTS Head movement times were longer (p<0.05) in children with DCD than in the comparison group, even in the looking task, suggesting that these children experience problems at the lowest level of coordination (the coupling of synergistic muscle groups within a single degree of freedom). Increasing the task demands with the pointing condition affected the performance of children with DCD to a much greater extent than the other groups, most noticeably in key feedforward kinematic landmarks. Temporal coordination data indicated that all three groups attempted to produce similar movement patterns to each other, but that the children with DCD were much less successful than age-matched children in the comparison group. INTERPRETATION Children with DCD have difficulty coordinating and controlling single degree-of-freedom movements; this problem makes more complex tasks disproportionately difficult for them. Quantitative analysis of kinematics provides key insights into the nature of the problems faced by children with DCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Elders
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
Deconinck FJA, Spitaels L, Fias W, Lenoir M. Is developmental coordination disorder a motor imagery deficit? J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2009; 31:720-30. [DOI: 10.1080/13803390802484805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik J. A. Deconinck
- a Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health , Manchester Metropolitan University , Manchester, UK
- b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Spitaels
- c Department of Experimental Psychology , Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Fias
- c Department of Experimental Psychology , Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthieu Lenoir
- b Department of Movement and Sports Sciences , Ghent University , Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kutzbach BR, Summers CG, Holleschau AM, MacDonald JT. Neurodevelopment in Children with Albinism. Ophthalmology 2008; 115:1805-8, 1808.e1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2007] [Revised: 03/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
42
|
The use of predictive information is impaired in the actions of children and young adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Exp Brain Res 2008; 191:403-18. [PMID: 18709366 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-008-1532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The need for a movement response may often be preceded by some advance information regarding direction or extent. We examined the ability of individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) to organise a movement in response to advance information. Pre-cues were presented and varied in the extent to which they indicated the response target. Both eye movement latencies and hand movements were measured. In the absence of pre-cues, individuals with DCD were as fast in initial hand movements as the typically developing (TD) participants, but were less efficient at correcting initial directional errors. A major difference was seen in the degree to which each group could use advance pre-cue information. TD participants were able to use pre-cue information to refine their actions. For the individuals with DCD this was only effective if there was no ambiguity in the advance cue and they had particular difficulty in using predictive motion cues. There were no differences in the speed of gaze responses which excluded an explanation relating to the dynamic allocation of attention. Individuals with DCD continued to rely on the slower strategy of fixating the target prior to initiating a hand movement, rather than using advance information to set initial movement parameters.
Collapse
|
43
|
|