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Budair FM. KIT Mutation Associated with Depigmented Patches Regression and Multiple Café-au-lait Macules Development in a Patient with Piebaldism: A Case Report. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:713-716. [PMID: 38524391 PMCID: PMC10961011 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s449691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Piebaldism is a rare genetic disorder caused by KIT mutations and clinically characterized by fixed depigmented patches throughout the body. Herein, a case of piebaldism in which the depigmented patches regressed as the patient grew older, along with the development of multiple café-au-lait macules, is described. The likely pathogenic, heterozygous KIT c.1991-2A>G variant was detected as the potential cause of this unusual piebaldism phenotype. This case provides new knowledge on genotype-phenotype correlation of KIT mutations for piebaldism etiology and presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Mohammad Budair
- Department of Dermatology, King Fahd University Hospital, Al Khobar, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Gaudiello F, Ferrillo M, Vastarella M, Fabbrocini G, Patrì A. Repigmentation of White Forelock in a Familial Case of Piebaldism Reported via Teledermatology in the COVID-19 Era. Skin Appendage Disord 2020; 7:120-122. [PMID: 33791342 PMCID: PMC7801991 DOI: 10.1159/000512033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Piebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by leucoderma with leucotrichia. We describe a case of white forelock repigmentation in an infant with piebaldism, thanks to a photograph sent by the patient's mother to our dermatology clinic, during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gaudiello
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Ferrillo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Vastarella
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Patrì
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Hattori M, Ishikawa O, Oikawa D, Amano H, Yasuda M, Kaira K, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Nakano H, Sawamura D, Terawaki SI, Wakamatsu K, Tokunaga F, Shimizu A. In-frame Val 216-Ser 217 deletion of KIT in mild piebaldism causes aberrant secretion and SCF response. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:35-42. [PMID: 29631773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piebaldism is a pigmentary disorder characterized by a white forelock and depigmented patches. Although the loss-of-function mutations in the KIT gene underlie the disease, the intracellular dynamics of the mutant KIT are largely unknown. We herein report a Japanese family with piebaldism in which the affected members showed a mild phenotype. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the functions and intracellular dynamics of the mutant KIT protein. METHODS We performed genetic analyses of the KIT gene using peripheral blood cells. We analyzed the intracellular localization of the mutant KIT protein in HEK293T cells transfected with wild-type (Wt) and/or mutant KIT genes. Immunoprecipitation analyses, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence studies were performed using antibodies against KIT and downstream signaling proteins. Glycosidase digestion analysis was performed to clarify the intracellular localization of KIT protein. RESULTS A genetic analysis revealed a novel heterozygous mutation c.645_650delTGTGTC which results in the in-frame deletion of Val216 and Ser217 in the extracellular domain of KIT. Immunoprecipitation analyses confirmed that the wild and mutant KIT formed a heterodimer after treatment with stem cell factor (SCF); however, the phosphorylation of the downstream signaling factors was decreased. In an immunofluorescence study, the mutant KIT accumulated predominantly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and was sparsely expressed on the cell surface. A glycosidase digestion study revealed that the mutant KIT is predominantly localized in the ER. CONCLUSION These data reveal an aberrant function and intracellular localization of mutant KIT protein in piebaldism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Hattori
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Japan Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Daisuke Oikawa
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroo Amano
- Department of Dermatology, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Masahito Yasuda
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Kaira
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Nakano
- Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sawamura
- Department of Dermatology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Terawaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kaori Wakamatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tokunaga
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
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Frances L, Betlloch I, Leiva-Salinas M, Silvestre JF. Spontaneous repigmentation in an infant with piebaldism. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54:e244-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Frances
- Section of Dermatology; Hospital General Universitario; Alicante Spain
| | - Isabel Betlloch
- Section of Dermatology; Hospital General Universitario; Alicante Spain
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Abstract
Piebaldism is an uncommon autosomal dominantly inherited pigment anomaly characterized by a congenital white forelock and leukoderma on the frontal scalp, forehead, ventral trunk and extremities. It is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the KIT gene. Genetic analyses reveal a consistent genotype-phenotype relationship in piebaldism. However, recently reported cases of piebaldism that are milder or severer than genetically expected indicate that other factors, such as a modifier gene of MC1R, influence skin and hair color. The KIT ligand/KIT that triggers the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway play essential functions in the migration, proliferation, survival, melanogenesis and melanosome transfer of the melanocytes. We summarize current research progress in piebaldism and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Oiso
- Department of Dermatology, Kinki University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan.
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