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Liu YG, Jin SW, Zhang SS, Xia TJ, Liao YH, Pan RL, Yan MZ, Chang Q. Interferon lambda in respiratory viral infection: immunomodulatory functions and antiviral effects in epithelium. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338096. [PMID: 38495892 PMCID: PMC10940417 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Type III interferon (IFN-λ), a new member of the IFN family, was initially considered to possess antiviral functions similar to those of type I interferon, both of which are induced via the JAK/STAT pathway. Nevertheless, recent findings demonstrated that IFN-λ exerts a nonredundant antiviral function at the mucosal surface, preferentially produced in epithelial cells in contrast to type I interferon, and its function cannot be replaced by type I interferon. This review summarizes recent studies showing that IFN-λ inhibits the spread of viruses from the cell surface to the body. Further studies have found that the role of IFN-λ is not only limited to the abovementioned functions, but it can also can exert direct and/or indirect effects on immune cells in virus-induced inflammation. This review focuses on the antiviral activity of IFN-λ in the mucosal epithelial cells and its action on immune cells and summarizes the pathways by which IFN-λ exerts its action and differentiates it from other interferons in terms of mechanism. Finally, we conclude that IFN-λ is a potent epidermal antiviral factor that enhances the respiratory mucosal immune response and has excellent therapeutic potential in combating respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming-Zhu Yan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hoyer A, Chakraborty S, Lilienthal I, Konradsen JR, Katayama S, Söderhäll C. The functional role of CST1 and CCL26 in asthma development. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1162. [PMID: 38270326 PMCID: PMC10797655 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children with an increasing prevalence. Its development is caused by genetic and environmental factors and allergic sensitization is a known trigger. Dog allergens affect up to 30% of all children and dog dander-sensitized children show increased expression of cystatin-1 (CST1) and eotaxin-3 (CCL26) in nasal epithelium. The aim of our study was to investigate the functional mechanism of CST1 and CCL26 in the alveolar basal epithelial cell line A549. METHODS A549 cells were transfected with individual overexpression vectors for CST1 and CCL26 and RNA sequencing was performed to examine the transcriptomics. edgeR was used to identify differentially expressed genes (= DEG, |log2 FC | ≥ 2, FDR < 0.01). The protein expression levels of A549 cells overexpressing CST1 and CCL26 were analyzed using the Target 96 inflammation panel from OLINK (antibody-mediated proximity extension-based assay; OLINK Proteomics). Differentially expressed proteins were considered with a |log2 FC| ≥ 1, p < .05. RESULTS The overexpression of CST1 resulted in a total of 27 DEG (1 upregulated and 26 downregulated) and the overexpression of CCL26 in a total of 137 DEG (0 upregulated and 137 downregulated). The gene ontology enrichment analysis showed a significant downregulation of type I and III interferon signaling pathway genes as well as interferon-stimulated genes. At the protein level, overexpression of CST1 induced a significantly increased expression of CCL3, whereas CCL26 overexpression led to increased expression of HGF, and a decrease of CXCL11, CCL20, CCL3 and CXCL10. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that an overexpression of CST1 and CCL26 cause a downregulation of interferon related genes and inflammatory proteins. It might cause a higher disease susceptibility, mainly for allergic asthma, as CCL26 is an agonist for CCR-3-carrying cells, such as eosinophils and Th2 lymphocytes, mostly active in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Hoyer
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalSolnaSweden
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalSolnaSweden
| | - Ingrid Lilienthal
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
| | - Jon R. Konradsen
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalSolnaSweden
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Department of Biosciences and NutritionKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research ProgramUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Folkhälsan Research CenterHelsinkiFinland
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's HospitalKarolinska University HospitalSolnaSweden
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He J, Zhao M, Ma X, Li D, Kong J, Yang F. The role and application of three IFN-related reactions in psoriasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115603. [PMID: 37776636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of psoriasis is a highly complicated one. Due to the disease's specificity, it not only affects the patient's skin negatively but also manifests systemic pathological changes. These clinical symptoms seriously harm the patient's physical and mental health. IFN, a common immunomodulatory factor, has been increasingly demonstrated to have a significant role in the development of psoriatic skin disease. Psoriasis is connected with a variety of immunological responses. New targets for the therapy of autoimmune skin diseases may emerge from further research on the mechanics of the associated IFN upstream and downstream pathways. Different forms of IFNs do not behave in the same manner in psoriasis, and understanding how different types of IFNs are involved in psoriasis may provide a better notion for future research. This review focuses on the involvement of three types of IFNs in psoriasis and related therapeutic investigations, briefly describing the three IFNs' production and signaling, as well as the dual effects of IFNs on the skin. It is intended that it would serve as a model for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming He
- College of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Dilong Li
- College of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingyan Kong
- College of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Sardarmelli Z, Sheikh V, Solgi G, Behzad M. Enhanced production of interleukin-29 and related genes are associated with T helper 1 cell parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hum Immunol 2023; 84:235-240. [PMID: 36635158 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The production of interleukin (IL)-29 andthe genes related to IL-29 signaling pathway (STAT1, NF-κB, and NFATc1), and T helper (Th) 1 cells (T-bet, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2) were evaluated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Correlations between IL-29 and diabetes parameters, and between gene expression in IL-29 pathway and Th1 cells were also examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS 41 newly diagnosed patients with T2DM and 41 healthy controls were recruited. CD4+ T cells were purifed and the production of IL-29 in the supernatant of anti- CD3 and anti- CD28 activated Th cells was detected using ELISA. The expression of IL-29- and Th1- related genes was determined with real-time PCR. RESULTS The secretion of IL-29 and the expression levels of NF-κB, NFATc1, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in Th cells were seen to be increased in diabetes persons compared to controls. Positive connections between IL-29 with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were found in diabetes persons. IL-29 was positively correlated with NFATc1 and TNF-α. NFATc1 was positively related to TNF-α. CONCLUSION Abnormal expression levels of IL-29- and Th1- related genes are linked with T2DM pathogenesis. IL-29 may amplify the expression of Th1-specific genes especially TNF-α by upregulating NFATc1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sardarmelli
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vida Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Solgi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Behzad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Yang Y, Chen J, Yi C, Yang F, Tang M, Li Z, Bai X. Assessment of serum interleukin-28 as a biomarker to predict mortality in traumatic patients with sepsis. Cytokine 2022; 157:155959. [PMID: 35816926 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serious trauma due to various factors is a major global public issue, and sepsis is a major cause of trauma-associated mortality. Timely diagnosis and suitable treatment of post-traumatic sepsis are crucial to improve the hospital outcome of traumatic patients. IL-28 is a newly discovered member of IFN-λ family with multiple functions in inflammatory response. To date, its role in the pathogenic mechanisms of post-traumatic sepsis still remains unknown. METHODS In total, 20 healthy controls, 55 traumatic patients without sepsis and 54 traumatic patients with sepsis were enrolled in this study. Serum IL-28A/B levels were investigated by ELISA. RESULTS IL-28A/B levels were significantly increased in traumatic patients compared to healthy volunteers. Moreover, septic trauma patients displayed a significant increase in IL-28A/B levels compared with non-septic patients. In septic patients, IL-28A/B were negatively correlated with IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-17, and positively associated with IL-10. Moreover, IL-28A (AUC: 0.821, 95 %CI: 0.693-0.949) and IL-28B (AUC: 0.811, 95 %CI: 0.691-0.931) were both beneficial to predict increased mortality risk in septic trauma patients, though there was no statistical difference in the predictive value between them. CONCLUSIONS Early serum levels of IL-28A/B were associated with the development of post-trauma sepsis and could be applied to assess the outcome of traumatic patients with sepsis. Thus, IL-28 may be a potential indicator for post-traumatic sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengla Yi
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Manli Tang
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangjun Bai
- Trauma Center/Department of Emergency and Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medicine College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Manivasagam S, Williams JL, Vollmer LL, Bollman B, Bartleson JM, Ai S, Wu GF, Klein RS. Targeting IFN-λ Signaling Promotes Recovery from Central Nervous System Autoimmunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1341-1351. [PMID: 35181638 PMCID: PMC9012116 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Type III IFNs (IFNLs) are newly discovered cytokines, acting at epithelial and other barriers, that exert immunomodulatory functions in addition to their primary roles in antiviral defense. In this study, we define a role for IFNLs in maintaining autoreactive T cell effector function and limiting recovery in a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Genetic or Ab-based neutralization of the IFNL receptor (IFNLR) resulted in lack of disease maintenance during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, with loss of CNS Th1 effector responses and limited axonal injury. Phenotypic effects of IFNLR signaling were traced to increased APC function, with associated increase in T cell production of IFN-γ and GM-CSF. Consistent with this, IFNL levels within lesions of CNS tissues derived from patients with MS were elevated compared with MS normal-appearing white matter. Furthermore, expression of IFNLR was selectively elevated in MS active lesions compared with inactive lesions or normal-appearing white matter. These findings suggest IFNL signaling as a potential therapeutic target to prevent chronic autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Manivasagam
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Lauren L Vollmer
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Bryan Bollman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and
| | - Juliet M Bartleson
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shenjian Ai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gregory F Wu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robyn S Klein
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO;
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO; and
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Manivasagam S, Klein RS. Type III Interferons: Emerging Roles in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:764062. [PMID: 34899712 PMCID: PMC8660671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.764062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III interferons (IFNs) or the lambda IFNs (IFNLs or IFN-λs) are antimicrobial cytokines that play key roles in immune host defense at endothelial and epithelial barriers. IFNLs signal via their heterodimeric receptor, comprised of two subunits, IFNLR1 and interleukin (IL)10Rβ, which defines the cellular specificity of the responses to the cytokines. Recent studies show that IFNL signaling regulates CD4+ T cell differentiation, favoring Th1 cells, which has led to the identification of IFNL as a putative therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. Here, we summarize the IFNL signaling pathways during antimicrobial immunity, IFNL-mediated immunomodulation of both innate and adaptive immune cells, and induction of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Manivasagam
- Center for Neuroimmunology & Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Robyn S. Klein
- Center for Neuroimmunology & Neuroinfectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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N-2-Hydroxypropyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride Chitosan as Adjuvant Enhances the Immunogenicity of a VP2 Subunit Vaccine against Porcine Parvovirus Infection in Sows. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9091027. [PMID: 34579264 PMCID: PMC8472385 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9091027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is the most important infectious agent causing infertility in pigs, which can be prevented by routine vaccination. Successful vaccination depends on the association with potent adjuvants that can enhance the immunogenicity of antigen and activate the immune system. Polysaccharide adjuvant has low toxicity and high safety, and they can enhance the humoral, cellular and mucosal immune responses. In the present study, we prepared the VP2 protein subunit vaccine against PPV (PPV/VP2/N-2-HACC) using water-soluble N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) as the vaccine adjuvant, and the ability of the PPV/VP2/N-2-HACC to induce immune responses and protect sows from PPV infection was evaluated. In vivo immunization showed that the sows immunized with the PPV/VP2/N-2-HACC by intramuscular injection produced higher HI antibody levels and long-term immune protection compared with the other groups, while the subunit vaccine did not stimulate the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes to trigger the secretion of higher levels of IL-2, IL-4, IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ, indicating that the PPV/VP2/N-2-HACC mainly induced humoral immunity rather than cellular immunity. PPV was not detected in the viscera of the sows immunized with the PPV/VP2/N-2-HACC, and the protective efficacy was 100%. Collectively, our findings suggested that the N-2-HACC was a potential candidate adjuvant, and the PPV/VP2/N-2-HACC had immense application value for the control of PPV.
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De M, Bhushan A, Chinnaswamy S. Monocytes differentiated into macrophages and dendritic cells in the presence of human IFN-λ3 or IFN-λ4 show distinct phenotypes. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:357-374. [PMID: 33205487 PMCID: PMC7611425 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0120-001rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human IFN-λ4 is expressed by only a subset of individuals who possess the ΔG variant allele at the dinucleotide polymorphism rs368234815. Recent genetic studies have shown an association between rs368234815 and different infectious and inflammatory disorders. It is not known if IFN-λ4 has immunomodulatory activity. The expression of another type III IFN, IFN-λ3, is also controlled by genetic polymorphisms that are strongly linked to rs368234815. Therefore, it is of interest to compare these two IFNs for their effects on immune cells. Herein, using THP-1 cells, it was confirmed that IFN-λ4 could affect the differentiation status of macrophage-like cells and dendritic cells (DCs). The global gene expression changes induced by IFN-λ4 were also characterized in in vitro generated primary macrophages. Next, human PBMC-derived CD14+ monocytes were used to obtain M1 and M2 macrophages and DCs in the presence of IFN-λ3 or IFN-λ4. These DCs were cocultured with CD4+ Th cells derived from allogenic donors and their in vitro cytokine responses were measured. The specific activity of recombinant IFN-λ4 was much lower than that of IFN-λ3, as shown by induction of IFN-stimulated genes. M1 macrophages differentiated in the presence of IFN-λ4 showed higher IL-10 secretion than those differentiated in IFN-λ3. Coculture experiments suggested that IFN-λ4 could confer a Th2-biased phenotype to allogenic Th cells, wherein IFN-λ3, under similar circumstances, did not induce a significant bias toward either a Th1 or Th2 phenotype. This study shows for the first time that IFN-λ4 may influence immune responses by immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjarika De
- National Institute of Biomedical GenomicsKalyaniWest BengalIndia
| | - Anand Bhushan
- National Institute of Biomedical GenomicsKalyaniWest BengalIndia
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Fu LX, Chen T, Guo ZP, Cao N, Zhang LW, Zhou PM. Enhanced serum interferon-lambda 1 interleukin-29 levels in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. An Bras Dermatol 2021; 96:416-421. [PMID: 34030913 PMCID: PMC8245709 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon (IFN)-λ1, also named Interleukin (IL)-29, is a new member of the Type III IFN or IFN-λ family. IL-29 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many types of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE To study the role of IL-29 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. METHODS The authors detected the serum levels of IL-29 in forty-one patients with psoriasis vulgaris, twenty-three patients with atopic dermatitis and thirty-eight age and gender-matched controls by sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The effects of IL-29 on the expression of cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-17, IL-8, IL-4, IL10, Interferon (IFN-γ) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), in PBMCs and HaCat cells were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS Our data indicated that serum IL-29 levels were significantly elevated in patients with psoriasis vulgaris when compared with atopic dermatitis patients and the control group. Moreover, Serum levels of IL-29 were closely associated with the severity of psoriasis vulgaris. Furthermore, IL-29 up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in PBMCs from psoriasis vulgaris patients. In addition, IL-29 enhanced the IL-6 and IL-8 expression from the HaCat cells. CONCLUSION This study provides the first observations on the association of IL-29 and psoriasis vulgaris and showed elevated IL-29 serum levels. The authors suggest that IL-29 may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xin Fu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zai-Pei Guo
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Na Cao
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Wen Zhang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei-Mei Zhou
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Falkowski B, Szczepanek-Parulska E, Krygier A, Wrotkowska E, Ruchala M. Evaluation of interleukin-29 in autoimmune and inflammatory thyroid diseases. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2021; 94:998-1003. [PMID: 33449383 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukins play an important role in the development of autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of interleukin-29 (IL-29) between healthy controls (CS) and patients with selected thyroid disorders: Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and subacute thyroiditis (SAT). DESIGN AND METHODS The following parameters were examined in the group of 95 individuals (45 with GD, 22 with HT, 28 with SAT) and 72 CS: thyroid hormones and autoantibodies, inflammatory markers and the concentration of IL-29 in serum. RESULTS The concentration of IL-29 in the GD subgroup was higher than that in the CS subgroup [264.0 (62.5-1018.0) vs. 62.5 (62.5-217.0) pg/mL, P = .001]. We found no differences in IL-29 concentrations between the CS and HT or SAT subgroups. Multivariable linear regression analysis indicated that IL-29 was a statistically significant independent predictor of GD presence (r = 0.24; P = .003) after adjustment for TRAb (R2 = 0.45; P < .001). The ROC analysis of IL-29 at GD diagnosis revealed an IL-29 cut-off of 123 pg/mL (sensitivity: 0.689 and specificity: 0.625) as the best value, which significantly indicated the presence of GD [area under the ROC curve (AUC): 0.676; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.574-0.778, P < .001]. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate elevated IL-29 serum levels in patients with GD. Our results suggest that IL-29 might be engaged in one of the pathogenetic pathways of GD, but no HT and SAT. Future studies are required to evaluate the potential of the protein as a therapeutic target in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusz Falkowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewelina Szczepanek-Parulska
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Krygier
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Wrotkowska
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchala
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Wu X, Zhao Y, Gu Y, Li K, Wang X, Zhang J. Interferon-Lambda 1 Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Human Primary Keratinocytes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:652302. [PMID: 33828484 PMCID: PMC8019897 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.652302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization in skin lesions occurs in approximately 70% of AD patients. It has been found that IFN-λ1 can inhibit the colonization of S. aureus in normal human nasal mucosa. IFN-λ1 can increase IL-28RA in infected human keratinocytes. In this study, we found that IFN-λ1 can increase mRNA expression of FLG and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and inhibit TSLP mRNA expression in infected human keratinocytes. IFN-λ1 can increase intracellular ROS level, decrease STAT1 phosphorylation, and inhibit the colonization of S. aureus in human primary keratinocytes. These effects were attenuated by knocking-down IL-28R and NADPH oxidase inhibitor, suggesting that this function was mediated by JAK-STAT1 signaling pathway. These results suggest that IFN-λ1 might have an inhibitory effect on S. aureus colonization in AD lesions. Our findings might have potential value in the treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Coto-Llerena M, Lepore M, Spagnuolo J, Di Blasi D, Calabrese D, Suslov A, Bantug G, Duong FH, Terracciano LM, De Libero G, Heim MH. Interferon lambda 4 can directly activate human CD19 + B cells and CD8 + T cells. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e201900612. [PMID: 33158978 PMCID: PMC7668538 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with the ubiquitous expression of type I (IFNα and IFNβ) interferon receptors, type III (IFNλ) interferon receptors are mainly expressed in epithelial cells of mucosal barriers of the of the intestine and respiratory tract. Consequently, IFNλs are important for innate pathogen defense in the lung and intestine. IFNλs also determine the outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, with IFNλ4 inhibiting spontaneous clearance of HCV. Because viral clearance is dependent on T cells, we explored if IFNλs can directly bind to and regulate human T cells. We found that human B cells and CD8+ T cells express the IFNλ receptor and respond to IFNλs, including IFNλ4. IFNλs were not inhibitors but weak stimulators of B- and T-cell responses. Furthermore, IFNλ4 showed neither synergistic nor antagonistic effects in co-stimulatory experiments with IFNλ1 or IFNα. Multidimensional flow cytometry of cells from liver biopsies of hepatitis patients from IFNλ4-producers showed accumulation of activated CD8+ T cells with a central memory-like phenotype. In contrast, CD8+ T cells with a senescent/exhausted phenotype were more abundant in IFNλ4-non-producers. It remains to be elucidated how IFNλ4 promotes CD8 T-cell responses and inhibits the host immunity to HCV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairene Coto-Llerena
- Department of Biomedicine, Hepatology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lepore
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Immunology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julian Spagnuolo
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Immunology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Di Blasi
- Department of Biomedicine, Hepatology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Immunology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Diego Calabrese
- Department of Biomedicine, Hepatology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aleksei Suslov
- Department of Biomedicine, Hepatology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Glenn Bantug
- Department of Biomedicine, Immunobiology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francois Ht Duong
- Department of Biomedicine, Hepatology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi M Terracciano
- Molecular Pathology Division, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gennaro De Libero
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Immunology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus H Heim
- Department of Biomedicine, Hepatology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clarunis, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
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14
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Lozhkov AA, Klotchenko SA, Ramsay ES, Moshkoff HD, Moshkoff DA, Vasin AV, Salvato MS. The Key Roles of Interferon Lambda in Human Molecular Defense against Respiratory Viral Infections. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9120989. [PMID: 33255985 PMCID: PMC7760417 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9120989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFN) are crucial for the innate immune response. Slightly more than two decades ago, a new type of IFN was discovered: the lambda IFN (type III IFN). Like other IFN, the type III IFN display antiviral activity against a wide variety of infections, they induce expression of antiviral, interferon-stimulated genes (MX1, OAS, IFITM1), and they have immuno-modulatory activities that shape adaptive immune responses. Unlike other IFN, the type III IFN signal through distinct receptors is limited to a few cell types, primarily mucosal epithelial cells. As a consequence of their greater and more durable production in nasal and respiratory tissues, they can determine the outcome of respiratory infections. This review is focused on the role of IFN-λ in the pathogenesis of respiratory viral infections, with influenza as a prime example. The influenza virus is a major public health problem, causing up to half a million lethal infections annually. Moreover, the virus has been the cause of four pandemics over the last century. Although IFN-λ are increasingly being tested in antiviral therapy, they can have a negative influence on epithelial tissue recovery and increase the risk of secondary bacterial infections. Therefore, IFN-λ expression deserves increased scrutiny as a key factor in the host immune response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Lozhkov
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.A.M.); (A.V.V.)
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 196376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Sergey A. Klotchenko
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 196376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Edward S. Ramsay
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 196376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
| | - Herman D. Moshkoff
- Russian Technological University (MIREA), 119454 Moscow, Russia;
- US Pharma Biotechnology, Inc., 5000 Thayer Center, Suite C, Oakland, MD 21550, USA
| | - Dmitry A. Moshkoff
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.A.M.); (A.V.V.)
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 196376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
- US Pharma Biotechnology, Inc., 5000 Thayer Center, Suite C, Oakland, MD 21550, USA
- Global Virus Network(GVN), 725 W Lombard St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Andrey V. Vasin
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.A.M.); (A.V.V.)
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 196376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.A.K.); (E.S.R.)
- Global Virus Network(GVN), 725 W Lombard St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- St. Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria S. Salvato
- Global Virus Network(GVN), 725 W Lombard St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Rich HE, Antos D, Melton NR, Alcorn JF, Manni ML. Insights Into Type I and III Interferons in Asthma and Exacerbations. Front Immunol 2020; 11:574027. [PMID: 33101299 PMCID: PMC7546400 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a highly prevalent, chronic respiratory disease that impacts millions of people worldwide and causes thousands of deaths every year. Asthmatics display different phenotypes with distinct genetic components, environmental causes, and immunopathologic signatures, and are broadly characterized into type 2-high or type 2-low (non-type 2) endotypes by linking clinical characteristics, steroid responsiveness, and molecular pathways. Regardless of asthma severity and adequate disease management, patients may experience acute exacerbations of symptoms and a loss of disease control, often triggered by respiratory infections. The interferon (IFN) family represents a group of cytokines that play a central role in the protection against and exacerbation of various infections and pathologies, including asthma. Type I and III IFNs in particular play an indispensable role in the host immune system to fight off pathogens, which seems to be altered in both pediatric and adult asthmatics. Impaired IFN production leaves asthmatics susceptible to infection and with uncontrolled type 2 immunity, promotes airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and inflammation which can lead to asthma exacerbations. However, IFN deficiency is not observed in all asthmatics, and alterations in IFN expression may be independent of type 2 immunity. In this review, we discuss the link between type I and III IFNs and asthma both in general and in specific contexts, including during viral infection, co-infection, and bacterial/fungal infection. We also highlight several studies which examine the potential role for type I and III IFNs as asthma-related therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E Rich
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Danielle Antos
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Natalie R Melton
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - John F Alcorn
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michelle L Manni
- Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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16
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Ito T, Tanaka T, Nakamaru K, Tomiyama T, Yamaguchi T, Ando Y, Ikeura T, Fukui T, Uchida K, Nishio A, Okazaki K. Interleukin-35 promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells and suppresses Th2 response in IgG4-related type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis. J Gastroenterol 2020; 55:789-799. [PMID: 32377945 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-020-01689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic inflammatory disease, which includes type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Interleukin-35 (IL-35) exhibits immunosuppressive effects in several autoimmune diseases. However, the expression of IL-35 had not been reported so far in type 1 AIP. We evaluated the association between IL-35 and several cytokines, which mediate the function of Tregs in type 1 AIP. METHODS Plasma was collected from patients with type 1 AIP, alcoholic chronic pancreatitis (ACP), and healthy controls (HC) and assayed for cytokine expression. Total mRNA separated from peripheral blood was isolated from naïve Tregs (nTregs) and effector Tregs (eTregs). EBI3 and IL-12p35 gene expressions were tested in these cells by quantitative PCR. In addition, expression of IL-35 subunits in the pancreatic tissues of patients with type 1 AIP and ACP was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS IL-35 was significantly elevated in type 1 AIP (n = 32) plasma compared with ACP (n = 16) and HC (n = 22), but IL-27 was not. We also detected many cells expressing both EBI3 and IL-12p35 in type 1 AIP tissues. Moreover, in peripheral blood lymphocyte, the percentage of nTregs and eTregs of CD4+ T cells in patients with type 1 AIP (n = 14) compared with HC (n = 15) was significantly decreased and increased, respectively. There were no significant differences of gene expression in patients with type 1 AIP and HC. CONCLUSIONS This study identified elevated expression of plasma IL-35 and tissue IL-35 subunits in patients with type 1 AIP. This might lead to inflammation suppression via activated eTregs. IL-35 might be associated with this anti-inflammatory role, especially against the Th2 response through several cytokines and the differentiation of Tregs in type 1 AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ito
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Koh Nakamaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takashi Tomiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yugo Ando
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ikeura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazushige Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, 185-1 Kohasu Okocho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Nishio
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Okazaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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17
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Zhou M, Qu W, Sun Y, Liang L, Jin Z, Cui S, Zhao K. Water-soluble N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan enhanced the immunogenicity of inactivated porcine parvovirus vaccine vaccination on sows against porcine parvovirus infection. Immunol Lett 2020; 223:26-32. [PMID: 32333964 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is one of the most common and important virus causes of infectious infertility in swine throughout the world. Inactivated PPV vaccine is broadly used, however, there is no appropriate immunomodulatory adjuvant for enhancing present vaccines and developing new ones. Therefore, in this study, the water-soluble N-2-Hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (N-2-HACC) was synthesized, the adjuvant potential of chitosan derivative was evaluated in inactivated PPV vaccine. Twenty adult healthy sows were assigned to four groups and vaccinated with synthesized PPV/N-2-HACC, commercial inactivated vaccine, N-2-HACC adjuvant and PBS. After insemination, all sows were challenged with the homologous PPV-H strain. In vivo immunization showed that sows immunized with the PPV/N-2-HACC induced more long-lasting HI antibodies and strong immune responses. Importantly, immunization of PPV/N-2-HACC significantly protected sows from homologous PPV-H strain infection. However, immunization of PPV/N-2-HACC didn't change the level of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ and the production of CD4+, CD8 + T lymphocyte. The results indicated that PPV/N-2-HACC protect PPV infection mainly through enhancing the humoral immunity rather than cellular immunity. In addition, the mummified fetuses were observed from the control groups, but neither of the two vaccine groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that N-2-HACC can be exploited as an effective adjuvant for vaccine development, and the PPV/N-2-HACC are potent immunization candidates against PPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbinm, 150080, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Wanying Qu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbinm, 150080, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yanwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Lin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-efficiency Conversion, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Shangjin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbinm, 150080, China; Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
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18
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Freitas IT, Tinago W, Sawa H, McAndrews J, Doak B, Prior-Fuller C, Sheehan G, Lambert JS, Muldoon E, Cotter AG, Hall WW, Mallon PWG, Carr MJ. Interferon lambda rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG is associated with higher CD4 +:CD8 + T-cell ratio in treated HIV-1 infection. AIDS Res Ther 2020; 17:13. [PMID: 32295609 PMCID: PMC7194102 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-020-00269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationships between polymorphisms at the interferon lambda (IFNL) locus and CD4+:CD8+ ratio normalisation in people living with HIV (PLWH) on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART); and to examine whether these polymorphisms influence the composition of T lymphocyte compartments in long-term treated HIV-1 infection. METHODS A cross-sectional study in PLWH enrolled into the Mater Immunology study. We performed IFNL genotyping on stored samples and evaluated the association of IFNL single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs368234815 and rs12979860) with CD4+:CD8+ ratio normalization (> 1) and expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets; CD45RO+CD62L+ (central-memory), CD45RO+ CD62L-(effector-memory) and CD45RO-CD62L+ (naïve), using logistic and linear regression models, respectively. RESULTS 190 ambulatory PLWH recruited to the main study, 143 were included in the analysis (38 had no stored DNA and 9 no T-lymphocyte subpopulation). Of 143 included, the median age (IQR) was 45(39-48) years, 64% were male and 66% were of Caucasian ethnicity. Heterosexual-contact (36%), injecting drug-use (33%) and men who have sex with men (24%) were the most presented HIV-transmission risk groups. The majority of subjects (90.2%) were on ART with 79% of the cohort having an undetectable HIV-RNA (< 40 copies/ml) and the time since ART initiation was 7.5 (3.7-10.4) year. rs368234815 and rs12979860 displayed similar allelic frequencies, with minor alleles ΔG and T representing 39% and 42%, respectively, of circulating alleles. rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG minor homozygotes were significantly associated with increased odds for attaining a normalised CD4+:CD8+ ratio compared to rs368234815 T/T major homozygotes in PLWH virologically suppressed on effective ART (OR = 3.11; 95% CI [1.01:9.56]). rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG homozygosity was also significantly associated with lower levels of CD4+ effector memory T-cells (regression coefficient: - 7.1%, p = 0.04) and CD8+ naïve T-cell subsets were significantly higher in HIV-1 mono-infected PLWH with rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG (regression coefficient: + 7.2%, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS In virally-suppressed, long-term ART-treated PLWH, rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG homozygotes were more likely to have attained normalisation of their CD4+:CD8+ ratio, displayed lower CD4+ effector memory and higher naive CD8+ T-cells. Further studies are needed to replicate our findings in other, larger and more diverse cohorts and to determine the impact of IFNL genetic-variation on CD4+:CD8+ ratio normalisation and clinical outcomes in PLWH.
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19
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da Rocha Junior LF, Branco Pinto Duarte AL, de Melo Rêgo MJB, de Almeida AR, de Melo Vilar K, de Lima HD, Tavares Dantas A, de Ataíde Mariz H, da Rocha Pitta I, da Rocha Pitta MG. Sensitivity and specificity of Interleukin 29 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases. Immunol Lett 2020; 220:38-43. [PMID: 31954799 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic and progressive inflammation that can cause a high degree of disability in affected individuals. Proinflammatory cytokines play central roles in the development of degradative and inflammatory responses in RA. IL-29 has been identified in RA and reported as a biomarker of the disease. OBJECTIVE To analyze serum levels and accuracy of IL-29 in RA patients compared to healthy subjects and patients with other rheumatic diseases. METHODS IL-29 serum levels were measured in 121 patients with RA, 53 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 60 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), 29 patients with fibromyalgia (FM), 50 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and 68 healthy individuals as controls. IL-29 levels in serum were investigated by ELISA. Sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios (LR) for having RA were calculated. RESULTS Serum levels of IL-29 were increased in RA patients 113.6 (IQR = 31.25-308.5) pg/ml compared to non-RA patients (SLE, SSc, OA, and FM) (31.25 pg/ml) and healthy controls (31.25 pg/ml, p < 0.001). The IL-29 cut-off values to distinguish patients with RA from non-RA patients were 61.11 pg/ml (sensitivity 57.02, specificity 92.71, LR: 7.82) and for all subjects 32.96 pg/ml (sensitivity 64.46, specificity 87.31, LR: 5.08). Additionally, IL-29 correlated negatively with age (r=-0189, p = 0.038) and disease duration (-0.192, p = 0.037). Interestingly, IL-29 correlated positively with neutrophil count in RA patients positive for rheumatoid factor (r = 0.259, p = 0.022). CONCLUSION IL-29 is higher in the serum of patients with RA compared to non-RA subjects and may have potential for use as a biological marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurindo Ferreira da Rocha Junior
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil; Departamento de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Angela Luzia Branco Pinto Duarte
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil; Departamento de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Kamila de Melo Vilar
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Hugo Deleon de Lima
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Andréa Tavares Dantas
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil; Departamento de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Henrique de Ataíde Mariz
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil; Departamento de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Ivan da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
| | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
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20
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Mora-Arias T, Amezcua-Guerra LM. Type III Interferons (Lambda Interferons) in Rheumatic Autoimmune Diseases. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2020; 68:1. [PMID: 31915933 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-019-00564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The last 2 decades have witnessed the discovery and characterization of a new family of cytokines with immunological characteristics similar to those described for type I interferons, type III or lambda interferons. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying each type of interferon has allowed us to understand how some autoimmune diseases can be considered as interferonopathies. Under normal conditions, type III interferons play a key role in the defense against viruses by modulating the functioning of several types of innate and adaptive immune cells. These effects include upregulation of major histocompatibility complex molecules by myeloid dendritic cells, increased functioning of pattern recognition receptors by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, decreased activity of regulatory T cells, enhanced production of antibodies by plasmatic cells and increased expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules by leukocytes and endothelial cells. Notably, all these mechanisms have been described to boost autoimmunity, and type III interferons pathway activation has been related to the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and Sjögren's syndrome. This review provides an overview of the current evidence on the contribution of type III interferons in the pathogenesis of rheumatic autoimmune diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Mora-Arias
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis M Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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21
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Wang J, Huang A, Xu W, Su L. Insights into IL-29: Emerging role in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7926-7932. [PMID: 31578802 PMCID: PMC6850914 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-29 (IL-29) is a newly discovered member of type III interferon. It mediates signal transduction via binding to its receptor complex and activates downstream signalling pathways, and therefore induces the generation of inflammatory components. Recent studies reported that expression of IL-29 is dysregulated in inflammatory autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, psoriasis and systemic sclerosis. Furthermore, functional analysis revealed that IL-29 may involve in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory autoimmune disorders. In this review, we will systematically review the current knowledge about IL-29. The information collected revealed the regulatory role of IL-29 and may give important implications for its potential in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Min Wang
- Department of Evidence‐Based MedicineSchool of Public HealthSouthwest Medical UniversitySichuanChina
| | - An‐Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyAffiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Wang‐Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence‐Based MedicineSchool of Public HealthSouthwest Medical UniversitySichuanChina
| | - Lin‐Chong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and ImmunologyMinda Hospital of Hubei Minzu UniversityEnshiChina
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22
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Read SA, Wijaya R, Ramezani-Moghadam M, Tay E, Schibeci S, Liddle C, Lam VWT, Yuen L, Douglas MW, Booth D, George J, Ahlenstiel G. Macrophage Coordination of the Interferon Lambda Immune Response. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2674. [PMID: 31798594 PMCID: PMC6878940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lambda interferons (IFN-λs) are a major component of the innate immune defense to viruses, bacteria, and fungi. In human liver, IFN-λ not only drives antiviral responses, but also promotes inflammation and fibrosis in viral and non-viral diseases. Here we demonstrate that macrophages are primary responders to IFN-λ, uniquely positioned to bridge the gap between IFN-λ producing cells and lymphocyte populations that are not intrinsically responsive to IFN-λ. While CD14+ monocytes do not express the IFN-λ receptor, IFNLR1, sensitivity is quickly gained upon differentiation to macrophages in vitro. IFN-λ stimulates macrophage cytotoxicity and phagocytosis as well as the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferon stimulated genes that mediate immune cell chemotaxis and effector functions. In particular, IFN-λ induced CCR5 and CXCR3 chemokines, stimulating T and NK cell migration, as well as subsequent NK cell cytotoxicity. Using immunofluorescence and cell sorting techniques, we confirmed that human liver macrophages expressing CD14 and CD68 are highly responsive to IFN-λ ex vivo. Together, these data highlight a novel role for macrophages in shaping IFN-λ dependent immune responses both directly through pro-inflammatory activity and indirectly by recruiting and activating IFN-λ unresponsive lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Read
- Blacktown Medical School, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, NSW, Australia.,Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Ratna Wijaya
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Mehdi Ramezani-Moghadam
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Enoch Tay
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Steve Schibeci
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Liddle
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent W T Lam
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Surgery, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lawrence Yuen
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Surgery, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark W Douglas
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - David Booth
- Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Blacktown Medical School, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, NSW, Australia.,Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.,Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District (WSLHD), Blacktown, NSW, Australia
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23
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Borivoje S, Svetlana S, Milan HM, Nela Đ, Olivera MĐ, Filip M, Milenko S, Srbislav P. IL28B Genetic Variations in Patients with Recurrent Herpes Simplex Keratitis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E642. [PMID: 31561422 PMCID: PMC6843532 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Recurrent herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is the most common cause of corneal blindness in the developed world. A relationship between host gene polymorphisms and the recurrence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has previously been proposed. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate a potential association between the IL28B host genotype and recurrent HSK. Materials and Methods: Eighty patients older than 18 years of age of both genders with a history of recurrent herpes simplex labialis (HSL) were considered for inclusion. Seventy-five of these patients were found to be seropositive for HSV-1 and were subsequently enrolled in the study. Twenty-four of the enrolled patients also had a history of recurrent HSK associated with severe corneal scarring and visual acuity deterioration. Total DNA was isolated from whole blood samples. A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12979860 near the IL28B gene on chromosome 19 was genotyped. Results: A significant association was observed between recurrent HSK and two SNPs of the IL28B genotype (CCrs12979860 and CTrs12979860, p < 0.01). The variation CCrs12979860 showed a significantly greater association with HSK (16 out of 26 patients) compared with CTrs12979860 (8 out of 34 patients). Conclusion: Seropositive individuals with a history of recurrent HSK are likely to have the CC IL28B genotype. This genotype may be related to incomplete control of the infection and more frequent periodical viral shedding along the first nerve branch of the trigeminal ganglion, which clinically manifests as recurrent herpes keratitis. The clinical manifestation of recurrent HSV-1 infection seems to be influenced by polymorphism of the IL28B genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savić Borivoje
- Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Stanojlović Svetlana
- Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Hadži-Milić Milan
- Department of Surgery, Orthopedics and Ophthalmology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Đonović Nela
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milošević-Đorđević Olivera
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | | | - Stojković Milenko
- Clinic for Eye Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Pajić Srbislav
- Emergency Center, Clinic for Emergency surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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24
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Lazear HM, Schoggins JW, Diamond MS. Shared and Distinct Functions of Type I and Type III Interferons. Immunity 2019; 50:907-923. [PMID: 30995506 PMCID: PMC6839410 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) (IFN-α, IFN-β) and type III IFNs (IFN-λ) share many properties, including induction by viral infection, activation of shared signaling pathways, and transcriptional programs. However, recent discoveries have revealed context-specific functional differences. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of type I and type III IFN activities, highlighting shared and distinct features from molecular mechanisms through physiological responses. Beyond discussing canonical antiviral functions, we consider the adaptive immune priming, anti-tumor, and autoimmune functions of IFNs. We discuss a model wherein type III IFNs serve as a front-line defense that controls infection at epithelial barriers while minimizing damaging inflammatory responses, reserving the more potent type I IFN response for when local responses are insufficient. In this context, we discuss current therapeutic applications targeting these cytokine pathways and highlight gaps in understanding of the biology of type I and type III IFNs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - John W Schoggins
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology & Immunology, and Molecular Microbiology, and The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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25
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Chen T, Fu LX, Guo ZP, Cao N, Zhou PM. Elevated serum interleukin-29 levels in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Australas J Dermatol 2019; 60:e82-e85. [PMID: 29938771 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Xin Fu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zai-Pei Guo
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Cao
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei-Mei Zhou
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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26
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Rajamanickam A, Munisankar S, Bhootra Y, Dolla C, Nutman TB, Babu S. Elevated Systemic and Parasite-Antigen Stimulated Levels of Type III IFNs in a Chronic Helminth Infection and Reversal Following Anthelmintic Treatment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2353. [PMID: 30405603 PMCID: PMC6205947 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III IFNs are important players in immunity to viral and bacterial infections. However, their association with helminth infections has not been examined. To explore the association of Type III IFNs with Strongyloides stercoralis (Ss) infection, we examined the systemic levels of IFN lambda-1, IFN lambda-2 and IFN lambda-3, IL-10, and CXCL10/IP-10 in Ss infected (INF, n = 44), helminth—uninfected (UN, n = 44) and in post-treatment INF individuals. We also examined the levels of IFN lambda-1, IFN lambda-2 and IFN lambda-3, IL-10, and CXCL10/IP-10 in whole blood culture supernatants stimulated with Ss somatic antigens, or PPD or LPS. Finally, we performed correlations of systemic Type III IFN levels with absolute numbers of dendritic cell subsets. Ss infection is characterized by elevated systemic levels of IFN lambda-1, IFN lambda-2 and IFN lambda-3, IL-10, and CXCL10/IP-10 in comparison to UN individuals and a significant reduction following anthelmintic treatment. Ss infection is also characterized by elevated levels of unstimulated or Ss antigen stimulated levels of IFN lambda-1, IFN lambda-2 and IFN lambda-3, CXCL10/IP-10 and a significant reduction following treatment. In addition, Ss infection is characterized by increased numbers of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells in comparison to UN individuals, with a significant reduction following anthelmintic treatment of INF individuals. Finally, Ss infection exhibits a significant positive correlation between the systemic levels of IFN lambda-2 and IFN lambda-3 and the numbers of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Thus, Ss infection is characterized by elevations in systemic and antigen—induced levels of Type III IFNs, which is positively associated with the numbers of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and reversed upon anthelmintic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Rajamanickam
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Saravanan Munisankar
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Yukthi Bhootra
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Thomas B Nutman
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institute of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India.,Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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27
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A functional IFN-λ4-generating DNA polymorphism could protect older asthmatic women from aeroallergen sensitization and associate with clinical features of asthma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10500. [PMID: 28874741 PMCID: PMC5585370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10467-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lambda interferons (IFNLs) have immunomodulatory functions at epithelial barrier surfaces. IFN-λ4, a recent member of this family is expressed only in a subset of the population due to a frameshift-causing DNA polymorphism rs368234815. We examined the association of this polymorphism with atopy (aeroallergen sensitization) and asthma in a Polish hospital-based case-control cohort comprising of well-characterized adult asthmatics (n = 326) and healthy controls (n = 111). In the combined cohort, we saw no association of the polymorphism with asthma and/or atopy. However, the IFN-λ4-generating ΔG allele protected older asthmatic women (>50 yr of age) from atopic sensitization. Further, ΔG allele significantly associated with features of less-severe asthma including bronchodilator response and corticosteroid usage in older women in this Polish cohort. We tested the association of related IFNL locus polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) with atopy, allergic rhinitis and presence/absence of asthma in three population-based cohorts from Europe, but saw no significant association of the polymorphisms with any of the phenotypes in older women. The polymorphisms associated marginally with lower occurrence of asthma in men/older men after meta-analysis of data from all cohorts. Functional and well-designed replication studies may reveal the true positive nature of these results.
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28
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Type III Interferon-Mediated Signaling Is Critical for Controlling Live Attenuated Yellow Fever Virus Infection In Vivo. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.00819-17. [PMID: 28811340 PMCID: PMC5559630 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00819-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is an arthropod-borne flavivirus, infecting ~200,000 people worldwide annually and causing about 30,000 deaths. The live attenuated vaccine strain, YFV-17D, has significantly contributed in controlling the global burden of yellow fever worldwide. However, the viral and host contributions to YFV-17D attenuation remain elusive. Type I interferon (IFN-α/β) signaling and type II interferon (IFN-γ) signaling have been shown to be mutually supportive in controlling YFV-17D infection despite distinct mechanisms of action in viral infection. However, it remains unclear how type III IFN (IFN-λ) integrates into this antiviral system. Here, we report that while wild-type (WT) and IFN-λ receptor knockout (λR-/-) mice were largely resistant to YFV-17D, deficiency in type I IFN signaling resulted in robust infection. Although IFN-α/β receptor knockout (α/βR-/-) mice survived the infection, mice with combined deficiencies in both type I signaling and type III IFN signaling were hypersusceptible to YFV-17D and succumbed to the infection. Mortality was associated with viral neuroinvasion and increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). α/βR-/- λR-/- mice also exhibited distinct changes in the frequencies of multiple immune cell lineages, impaired T-cell activation, and severe perturbation of the proinflammatory cytokine balance. Taken together, our data highlight that type III IFN has critical immunomodulatory and neuroprotective functions that prevent viral neuroinvasion during active YFV-17D replication. Type III IFN thus likely represents a safeguard mechanism crucial for controlling YFV-17D infection and contributing to shaping vaccine immunogenicity.IMPORTANCE YFV-17D is a live attenuated flavivirus vaccine strain recognized as one of the most effective vaccines ever developed. However, the host and viral determinants governing YFV-17D attenuation and its potent immunogenicity are still unknown. Here, we analyzed the role of type III interferon (IFN)-mediated signaling, a host immune defense mechanism, in controlling YFV-17D infection and attenuation in different mouse models. We uncovered a critical role of type III IFN-mediated signaling in preserving the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and preventing viral brain invasion. Type III IFN also played a major role in regulating the induction of a potent but balanced immune response that prevented viral evasion of the host immune system. An improved understanding of the complex mechanisms regulating YFV-17D attenuation will provide insights into the key virus-host interactions that regulate host immune responses and infection outcomes as well as open novel avenues for the development of innovative vaccine strategies.
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29
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Hosokawa Y, Hosokawa I, Shindo S, Ozaki K, Matsuo T. IL-29 Enhances CXCL10 Production in TNF-α-stimulated Human Oral Epithelial Cells. Immunol Invest 2017; 46:615-624. [PMID: 28753407 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1336176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-29 (IL-29) is a cytokine belonging to the Type III interferon family. It was recently detected in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients. However, the role of IL-29 in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of IL-29 on C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) production in human oral epithelial cells. We measured CXCL10 production in TR146 cells, which is a human oral epithelial cell line, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used a Western blot analysis to detect IL-29 receptor expression and the phosphorylation levels of signal transduction molecules, including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and nuclear factor (NF)- κB p65, in the TR146 cells. The TR146 cells expressed the IL-29 receptor. IL-29 induced CXCL10 production in the TR146 cells. IL-29 significantly enhanced CXCL10 production in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated TR146 cells. The p38 MAPK, STAT3, and NF-κB pathways were found to be related to the IL-29-induced enhancement of CXCL10 production in TNF-α-stimulated TR146 cells. IL-29 promotes T helper 1-cell accumulation in periodontal lesions by inducing CXCL10 production in oral epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Hosokawa
- a Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Ikuko Hosokawa
- a Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Satoru Shindo
- a Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Kazumi Ozaki
- b Department of Oral Health Care Promotion, Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Takashi Matsuo
- a Department of Conservative Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
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30
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Syedbasha M, Egli A. Interferon Lambda: Modulating Immunity in Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:119. [PMID: 28293236 PMCID: PMC5328987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon lambdas (IFN-λs; IFNL1-4) modulate immunity in the context of infections and autoimmune diseases, through a network of induced genes. IFN-λs act by binding to the heterodimeric IFN-λ receptor (IFNLR), activating a STAT phosphorylation-dependent signaling cascade. Thereby hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes are induced, which modulate various immune functions via complex forward and feedback loops. When compared to the well-characterized IFN-α signaling cascade, three important differences have been discovered. First, the IFNLR is not ubiquitously expressed: in particular, immune cells show significant variation in the expression levels of and susceptibilities to IFN-λs. Second, the binding affinities of individual IFN-λs to the IFNLR varies greatly and are generally lower compared to the binding affinities of IFN-α to its receptor. Finally, genetic variation in the form of a series of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to genes involved in the IFN-λ signaling cascade has been described and associated with the clinical course and treatment outcomes of hepatitis B and C virus infection. The clinical impact of IFN-λ signaling and the SNP variations may, however, reach far beyond viral hepatitis. Recent publications show important roles for IFN-λs in a broad range of viral infections such as human T-cell leukemia type-1 virus, rotaviruses, and influenza virus. IFN-λ also potentially modulates the course of bacterial colonization and infections as shown for Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although the immunological processes involved in controlling viral and bacterial infections are distinct, IFN-λs may interfere at various levels: as an innate immune cytokine with direct antiviral effects; or as a modulator of IFN-α-induced signaling via the suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 inhibitory feedback loops. In addition, the modulation of adaptive immune functions via macrophage and dendritic cell polarization, and subsequent priming, activation, and proliferation of pathogen-specific T- and B-cells may also be important elements associated with infectious disease outcomes. This review summarizes the emerging details of the IFN-λ immunobiology in the context of the host immune response and viral and bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammedyaseen Syedbasha
- Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Adrian Egli
- Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Boisvert M, Shoukry NH. Type III Interferons in Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2016; 7:628. [PMID: 28066437 PMCID: PMC5179541 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interferon (IFN)-λ family of type III cytokines includes the closely related interleukin (IL)-28A (IFN-λ2), IL-28B (IFN-λ3), and IL-29 (IFN-λ1). They signal through the Janus kinases (JAK)-signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway and promote an antiviral state by the induction of expression of several interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Contrary to type I IFNs, the effect of IFN-λ cytokines is largely limited to epithelial cells due to the restricted pattern of expression of their specific receptor. Several genome-wide association studies have established a strong correlation between polymorphism in the region of IL-28B gene (encoding for IFN-λ3) and both spontaneous and therapeutic IFN-mediated clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but the mechanism(s) underlying this enhanced viral clearance are not fully understood. IFN-λ3 directly inhibits HCV replication, and in vitro studies suggest that polymorphism in the IFN-λ3 and its recently identified overlapping IFN-λ4 govern the pattern of ISGs induced upon HCV infection of hepatocytes. IFN-λ can also be produced by dendritic cells, and apart from its antiviral action on hepatocytes, it can regulate the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages, thus acting at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we review the current state of knowledge about the role of IFN-λ cytokines in mediating and regulating the immune response during acute and chronic HCV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Boisvert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) , Montréal, QC , Canada
| | - Naglaa H Shoukry
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada; Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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32
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type-III interferons (IFN-λ), the most recently discovered family of IFNs, shares common features with other family members, but also has many distinctive activities. IFN-λ uniquely has a different receptor complex, and a more focused pattern of tissue expression and signaling effects, from other classes of IFNs. Multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subsequent validation reports suggest a pivotal role for polymorphisms near the IFNL3 gene in hepatitis C clearance and control, as also for several other epithelial cell tropic viruses. Apart from its antiviral activity, IFN-λ possesses anti-tumor, immune-inflammatory and homeostatic functions. The overlapping effects of IFN-λ with type I IFN, with a restricted tissue expression pattern renders IFN-λ an attractive therapeutic target for viral infection, cancer and autoimmune diseases, with limited side effects. Areas covered: This review will summarize the current and future therapeutic opportunities offered by this most recently discovered family of interferons. Expert opinion: Our knowledge on IFN-λ is rapidly expanding. Though there are many remaining questions and challenges that require elucidation, the unique characteristics of IFN-λ increases enthusiasm that multiple therapeutic options will emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Eslam
- a Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research , Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
| | - Jacob George
- a Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research , Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
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33
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Diaz-San Segundo F, Montiel NA, Sturza DF, Perez-Martin E, Hickman D, Ramirez-Medina E, Grubman MJ, de Los Santos T. Combination of Adt-O1Manisa and Ad5-boIFNλ3 induces early protective immunity against foot-and-mouth disease in cattle. Virology 2016; 499:340-349. [PMID: 27743960 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth-disease (FMD) remains the most infectious livestock disease worldwide. Although commercially available inactivated or adenovirus-vectored-vaccines (Ad5-FMD) are effective, they require 5-7 days to induce protection. Therefore, new control strategies that stimulate rapid immune responses are needed. Expression of bovine interferon λ3 using the Ad5-vector platform (Ad5-boIFNλ3) is able to delay disease in cattle, but clinical signs appear at 9 days after challenge. We hypothesized that combination of Ad5-boIFNλ3 and Ad5-FMD could induce immediate and lasting protection against FMD. Cattle were vaccinated with an Ad5-FMD, Ad5-boIFNλ3, or the combination of both, followed by challenge at three days post-immunization. All animals treated with Ad5-FMD combined with Ad5-boIFNλ3 were fully protected against FMD, despite the absence of systemic neutralizing antibodies or antiviral activity at the time of challenge. Induction of a strong cell-mediated immune response suggested that Ad5-boIFNλ3 is able to act as an adjuvant of Ad5-FMD vaccine in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayna Diaz-San Segundo
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Nestor A Montiel
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Diego F Sturza
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Eva Perez-Martin
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Danielle Hickman
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Marvin J Grubman
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA
| | - Teresa de Los Santos
- Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Greenport, NY 11944, USA.
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Kelm NE, Zhu Z, Ding VA, Xiao H, Wakefield MR, Bai Q, Fang Y. The role of IL-29 in immunity and cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 106:91-8. [PMID: 27637354 PMCID: PMC7129698 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-29 (IL-29) is a new member of the recently discovered interferon λ (IFNλ) family. It is produced predominantly by maturing dendritic cells and macrophages. It has been implicated in numerous immunological responses and has shown antiviral activity similar to the Type I interferons, although its target cell population is more limited than the Type I interferons. In recent years, the role of IL-29 in the pathogenesis of various cancers has also been extensively studied. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances of IL-29 in immunological processes and the pathogenesis of various cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah E Kelm
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, United States
| | - Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Vivi A Ding
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, United States
| | - Huaping Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, United States; The Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, United States; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, United States.
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Reid E, Juleff N, Windsor M, Gubbins S, Roberts L, Morgan S, Meyers G, Perez-Martin E, Tchilian E, Charleston B, Seago J. Type I and III IFNs Produced by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Response to a Member of the Flaviviridae Suppress Cellular Immune Responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2016; 196:4214-26. [PMID: 27053760 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The pestivirus noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) can suppress IFN production in the majority of cell types in vitro. However, IFN is detectable in serum during acute infection in vivo for ∼5-7 d, which correlates with a period of leucopoenia and immunosuppression. In this study, we demonstrate that a highly enriched population of bovine plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) produced IFN in response to BVDV in vitro. We further show that the majority of the IFN produced in response to infection both in vitro and in vivo is type III IFN and acid labile. Further, we show IL-28B (IFN-λ3) mRNA is induced in this cell population in vitro. Supernatant from plasmacytoid DCs harvested postinfection with BVDV or recombinant bovine IFN-α or human IL-28B significantly reduced CD4(+) T cell proliferation induced by tubercle bacillus Ag 85-stimulated monocyte-derived DCs. Furthermore, these IFNs induced IFN-stimulated gene expression predominantly in monocyte-derived DCs. IFN-treated immature DCs derived from murine bone marrow also had a reduced capacity to stimulate T cell proliferative responses to tubercle bacillus Ag 85. Immature DCs derived from either source had a reduced capacity for Ag uptake following IFN treatment that is dose dependent. Immunosuppression is a feature of a number of pestivirus infections; our studies suggest type III IFN production plays a key role in the pathogenesis of this family of viruses. Overall, in a natural host, we have demonstrated a link between the induction of type I and III IFN after acute viral infection and transient immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Reid
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom;
| | - Nicholas Juleff
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Windsor
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Gubbins
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Roberts
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sophie Morgan
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Gregor Meyers
- Institut für Immunologie, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Riems D-17493, Germany
| | - Eva Perez-Martin
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Elma Tchilian
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Charleston
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Seago
- Viral Immunology, The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
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Linnik JE, Egli A. Impact of host genetic polymorphisms on vaccine induced antibody response. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:907-15. [PMID: 26809773 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1119345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many host- and vaccine-specific factors modulate an antibody response. Host genetic polymorphisms, in particular, modulate the immune response in multiple ways on different scales. This review article describes how information on host genetic polymorphisms and corresponding immune cascades may be used to generate personalized vaccine strategies to optimize the antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina E Linnik
- a Applied Microbiology Research , Department of Biomedicine, University Basel , Basel , Switzerland.,b Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering , ETH Zürich , Basel , Switzerland.,c Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Adrian Egli
- a Applied Microbiology Research , Department of Biomedicine, University Basel , Basel , Switzerland.,d Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
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Abstract
When type III interferon (IFN-λ; also known as interleukin-28 [IL-28] and IL-29) was discovered in 2003, its antiviral function was expected to be analogous to that of type I IFNs (IFN-α and IFN-β) via the induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Although IFN-λ stimulates expression of antiviral ISGs preferentially in cells of epithelial origin, recent studies have defined additional antiviral mechanisms in other cell types and tissues. Viral infection models using mice lacking IFN-λ signaling and SNP associations with human disease have expanded our understanding of the contribution of IFN-λ to the antiviral response at anatomic barriers and the immune response beyond these barriers. In this review, we highlight recent insights into IFN-λ functions, including its ability to restrict virus spread into the brain and to clear chronic viral infections in the gastrointestinal tract. We also discuss how IFN-λ modulates innate and adaptive immunity, autoimmunity, and tumor progression and its possible therapeutic applications in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Lazear
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy J Nice
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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38
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Sun HH, Zhou DF, Zhou JY. The role of DCs in the immunopathogenesis of chronic HBV infection and the methods of inducing DCs maturation. J Med Virol 2015; 88:13-20. [PMID: 26104380 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the result of an inadequate immune response towards the virus. Dendritic cells (DCs), as the most efficient professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), possess the strongest antigen presenting the effect in the body and can stimulate the initial T cell activation and proliferation. DCs of patients with chronic HBV infection are impaired, resulting in more tolerogenic rather than immunogenic responses, which may contribute to viral persistence. Recently, numerous methods have been developed to induce DCs maturation. To date, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) combined with interleukin-4 (rhIL-4) has been a classic culture combination to DCs. The recently classified type III interferon group interferon-λ (IFN-λ) displays antiviral, antitumor, and immunoregulatory activity. In our laboratory, we demonstrate that IFN-λ1 combined with rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4 can significantly increase the expression of DC surface molecules and the secretion of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. In this review, we emphasize on the role of DCs in the immunopathogenesis of chronic HBV infection. Importantly, we systematic review that the latest update in the current status of knowledge on the methods of inducing DCs maturation in anti-HBV immunity. What's more, we conclude that IFN-λ1 combined with GM-CSF and IL-4 can induce DCs maturation, which could become a possibility to be applied to the autologus dendritic cell vaccine to treat chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Sun
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dong-Fang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jun-Ying Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Third Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Dantas AT, Gonçalves SMC, Pereira MC, de Almeida AR, Marques CDL, Rego MJBDM, Pitta IDR, Duarte ALBP, Pitta MGDR. Interferons and systemic sclerosis: correlation between interferon gamma and interferon-lambda 1 (IL-29). Autoimmunity 2015; 48:429-33. [PMID: 26057401 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2015.1054028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon (IFN)-λ1 is a newly described cytokine, member of type III interferons family, which is known for its antiviral, anti-proliferative and antitumor activity. Recent studies indicated that this cytokine has also immune-regulatory function, but its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is not established yet. We evaluated serum levels of IFN-λ1 in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and healthy controls and its association with IFN-γ and clinical manifestations. METHODS IFN-λ1 and IFN-γ serum levels were measured by ELISA from 52 patients with SSc and 53 healthy controls. Association of cytokines serum levels was sought with clinical parameters. RESULTS IFN-λ1 and IFN-γ levels in SSc patients were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals (24.82 ± 8.78 and 11.04 ± 3.04 pg/ml, p < 0.0001; 34.11 ± 8.11 and 10.73 ± 2.77 pg/ml, p < 0.0001, respectively). We found a positive correlation between IFN-λ1 and IFN-γ levels in SSc patients (p = 0.0103, r = 0.3526). IFN-γ levels were associated with muscle involvement (p = 0.0483). CONCLUSION We first showed raised IFN-λ1 levels in SSc patients. Furthermore, we found a correlation between IFN-λ1 and IFN-γ levels and an association between IFN-γ and myositis. Additional in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to understand IFN-λ1 role in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Tavares Dantas
- a Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) , Brazil
- b Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas da UFPE , Brazil , and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivan da Rocha Pitta
- c Laboratório de Planejamento e Síntese de Fármacos da UFPE, Recife , Brazil
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Koch S, Finotto S. Role of Interferon-λ in Allergic Asthma. J Innate Immun 2015; 7:224-30. [PMID: 25592858 PMCID: PMC6738890 DOI: 10.1159/000369459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type III interferons (IFNs), or IFN-λ, are known to have potent antiviral and antiproliferative activities. It inhibits viral replication and upregulates cytotoxic responses to virally infected cells. Besides these characteristics, IFN-λ also has additional activities in the immune system. In fact, it induces the proliferation of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells mediated in part by dendritic cells and inhibit the production of IL-5 and IL-13 in vitro. Regulatory T cells and the Th2 cytokines like IL-5 and IL-13 play important roles in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. In humans, there seems to be an inverse link between IFN-λ and the severity of allergic asthma and allergic asthma exacerbations. Asthmatic patients, without a detectable viral infection show an inverse correlation between IL-28 and IL-29 mRNA levels and severity of allergic responses in the airways. These additional features of IFN-λ that affect the adaptive immune system make it a potential immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susetta Finotto
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Egli A, Santer DM, O'Shea D, Barakat K, Syedbasha M, Vollmer M, Baluch A, Bhat R, Groenendyk J, Joyce MA, Lisboa LF, Thomas BS, Battegay M, Khanna N, Mueller T, Tyrrell DLJ, Houghton M, Humar A, Kumar D. IL-28B is a key regulator of B- and T-cell vaccine responses against influenza. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004556. [PMID: 25503988 PMCID: PMC4263767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed persons, and vaccination often confers insufficient protection. IL-28B, a member of the interferon (IFN)-λ family, has variable expression due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). While type-I IFNs are well known to modulate adaptive immunity, the impact of IL-28B on B- and T-cell vaccine responses is unclear. Here we demonstrate that the presence of the IL-28B TG/GG genotype (rs8099917, minor-allele) was associated with increased seroconversion following influenza vaccination (OR 1.99 p = 0.038). Also, influenza A (H1N1)-stimulated T- and B-cells from minor-allele carriers showed increased IL-4 production (4-fold) and HLA-DR expression, respectively. In vitro, recombinant IL-28B increased Th1-cytokines (e.g. IFN-γ), and suppressed Th2-cytokines (e.g. IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), H1N1-stimulated B-cell proliferation (reduced 70%), and IgG-production (reduced>70%). Since IL-28B inhibited B-cell responses, we designed antagonistic peptides to block the IL-28 receptor α-subunit (IL28RA). In vitro, these peptides significantly suppressed binding of IFN-λs to IL28RA, increased H1N1-stimulated B-cell activation and IgG-production in samples from healthy volunteers (2-fold) and from transplant patients previously unresponsive to vaccination (1.4-fold). Together, these findings identify IL-28B as a key regulator of the Th1/Th2 balance during influenza vaccination. Blockade of IL28RA offers a novel strategy to augment vaccine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Egli
- Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deanna M. Santer
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daire O'Shea
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Khaled Barakat
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Madeleine Vollmer
- Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aliyah Baluch
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rakesh Bhat
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jody Groenendyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael A. Joyce
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luiz F. Lisboa
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brad S. Thomas
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manuel Battegay
- Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D. Lorne J. Tyrrell
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Houghton
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Atul Humar
- Department of Medicine and Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deepali Kumar
- Department of Medicine and Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Takahashi A, Kimura F, Yamanaka A, Takebayashi A, Kita N, Takahashi K, Murakami T. The FOXL2 mutation (c.402C>G) in adult-type ovarian granulosa cell tumors of three Japanese patients: clinical report and review of the literature. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2014; 231:243-50. [PMID: 24257635 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.231.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adult-type granulosa cell tumor (AGCT) is a rare class of malignant ovarian tumor with unique features, characterized by slow growth, late recurrence, relatively good prognosis and unified cause in almost all patients. The forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) gene encodes an essential transcription factor in the ovary. FOXL2 is important in female sex determination, follicle recruitment, and granulosa cell development. About 70-97% of AGCTs were reported to carry a somatic mutation c.402C>G (C134W) in the FOXL2 gene. However, it is unknown whether AGCTs of Japanese patients harbor the FOXL2 c.402C>G mutation. Here, we report a mutational analysis of the FOXL2 gene in four Japanese patients with AGCTs, and we review the literature to determine the precise incidence of FOXL2 mutations in AGCTs. All four patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for FOXL2. Genomic DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues, and was analyzed to detect the c.402C>G mutation in FOXL2 by direct sequencing. All tumors were stained with FOXL2. Three of the four tumors harbor the c.402C>G mutation. Based on the literature review, FOXL2 immunostaining is a highly specific marker for sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs), but it is not specific for AGCTs, one subtype of SCSTs. We identified 340 patients with the FOXL2 mutation (c.402C>G) and determined that the incidence of the mutation is 91.9% in AGCT patients. Therefore, this FOXL2 mutation is specific to AGCTs in the ovary and is useful for diagnosis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science
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Li Y, Gao Q, Yuan X, Zhou M, Peng X, Liu X, Zheng X, Xu D, Li M. Adenovirus expressing IFN-λ1 (IL-29) attenuates allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity in experimental asthma. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 21:156-62. [PMID: 24819718 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is thought to result from the generation of T helper type 2 (Th2) responses, leading to bronchial inflammation. IFN-λ1 (also known as IL-29) is a recently described member of the IFN-λ family and has been shown to decrease production of Th2 cytokines in vitro. However, the role and mechanism of IFN-λ1 in asthma remain unknown. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to clarify the importance of IFN-λ1 in allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation. METHODS We used a murine model for ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma to examine the effect of intranasal delivery of recombinant adenovirus expressing human IFN-λ1 (Ad-hIFN-λ1) on AHR and allergic airway inflammation. RESULTS Intranasal instillation of Ad-hIFN-λ1 before airway antigen challenge in OVA-immunized mice significantly decreased the severity of AHR and numbers of eosinophils and levels of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, but not IL-10 and IFN-γ; both in vivo, in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and in vitro, following stimulation of lymphocytes from spleens with OVA, compared with administration of a control virus (Ad-mock). Furthermore, Ad-hIFN-λ1 treatment inhibited serum IgE secretion and increased numbers of splenic CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) Treg cells. Histological studies showed that Ad-hIFN-λ1 attenuated OVA-induced lung tissue eosinophilia. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that delivery of the Ad-hIFN-λ1 can mitigate allergic airway inflammation in experimental asthma. The potent immunoregulatory action of IFN-λ1 may offer a novel therapeutic approach to treat allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qiaoyan Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xianli Yuan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- Institute of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zheng
- Institute of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Damo Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China; Institute of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
| | - Mingcai Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Immunology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo 315211, China; Institute of Inflammation and Immune Diseases, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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Egli A, Santer DM, O'Shea D, Tyrrell DL, Houghton M. The impact of the interferon-lambda family on the innate and adaptive immune response to viral infections. Emerg Microbes Infect 2014; 3:e51. [PMID: 26038748 PMCID: PMC4126180 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2014.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Type-III interferons (IFN-λ, IFNL) are the most recently described family of IFNs. This family of innate cytokines are increasingly being ascribed pivotal roles in host-pathogen interactions. Herein, we will review the accumulating evidence detailing the immune biology of IFNL during viral infection, and the implications of this novel information on means to advance the development of therapies and vaccines against existing and emerging pathogens. IFNLs exert antiviral effects via induction of IFN-stimulated genes. Common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IFNL3, IFNL4 and the IFNL receptor α-subunit genes have been strongly associated with IFN-α-based treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. The clinical impact of these SNPs may be dependent on the status of viral infection (acute or chronic) and the potential to develop viral resistance. Another important function of IFNLs is macrophage and dendritic cell polarization, which prime helper T-cell activation and proliferation. It has been demonstrated that IFNL increase Th1- and reduce Th2-cytokines. Therefore, can such SNPs affect the IFNL signaling and thereby modulate the Th1/Th2 balance during infection? In turn, this may influence the subsequent priming of cytotoxic T cells versus antibody-secreting B cells, with implications for the breadth and durability of the host response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Egli
- Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital of Basel , 4031 Basel, Switzerland ; Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Basel , 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deanna M Santer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Daire O'Shea
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada ; Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - D Lorne Tyrrell
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Michael Houghton
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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Misumi I, Whitmire JK. IFN-λ exerts opposing effects on T cell responses depending on the chronicity of the virus infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:3596-606. [PMID: 24646741 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
IFN-λ induces an antiviral state in many cell types and may contribute to the overall inflammatory environment after infection. Either of these effects may influence adaptive immune responses, but the role of type 3 IFNs in the development of primary and memory T cell responses to infection has not been evaluated. In this study, we examined T cell responses to acute or persistent lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection in IFN-λR1-deficient mice. Following acute infection, we find that IFN-λR1-deficient mice produced normal levels of IFN, robust NK cell responses, but greater than normal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses compared with wild type BALB/c mice. There were more T cells that were IL-7R(hi) and, correspondingly, the IFN-λR-deficient mice showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in memory T cell number. The inhibitory effect of IFN-λR expression was independent of direct cytokine signaling into T cells. In contrast with acute infection, the IFN-λR-deficient mice generated markedly diminished T cell responses and had greater weight loss compared with wild type mice when confronted with a highly disseminating variant of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. These data indicate that IFN-λR limits T cell responses and memory after transient infection but augments T cell responses during persisting infection. Thus, the immune-regulatory functions for IFN-λR are complex and vary with the overall inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Misumi
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
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Swider A, Siegel R, Eskdale J, Gallagher G. Regulation of interferon lambda-1 (IFNL1/IFN-λ1/IL-29) expression in human colon epithelial cells. Cytokine 2014; 65:17-23. [PMID: 24140069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficient regulation of intestinal immune responses is critical to colon health. Viruses, for example noraviruses, are key pathogens of the intestine. The lambda interferons (comprising three ligands: IFNL1, L2 and L3 - the so-called "Type III" interferons) constitute the most recently discovered IFN family and are known to be important in intestinal anti-viral defense. A fourth family member, IFNL4, was recently described. Expression of the IFN-lambda receptor is restricted to epithelial and immune cells; together, these ligands and their receptor represent an important anti-viral and immunoregulatory component of the immune/epithelial inteface. We investigated control of IFNL1 expression in human colon epithelial cells. We used the TLR3 agonist poly I:C to drive expression of IFNL1 in SW480 cells, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knockdown target transcription factors. We identified ZEB1 and BLIMP-1 as transcription factors that strongly inhibited IFNL1 expression in SW480 cells. Interestingly, while BLIMP-1 inhibited both type-III and type-I interferons (IFN-β), the inhibitory action of ZEB1 was specific for IFNL1. We also defined the NF-κB family member, p65 as a key activator of IFNL1 and NF-κB p50 as a key inhibitor. Finally, we demonstrated that siRNA targeting of ZEB1 or NF-κB p50 resulted in a significant elevation of secreted IFN-λ1 protein and expression of the anti-viral gene OAS1, while knockdown of p65 inhibited these events. Our data provide insight to the regulation of IFNL1 expression in the human colon and suggest novel therapeutic approaches to elevate IFNλ-1 protein where required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Swider
- Genetic Immunology Laboratory, HUMIGEN LLC, 2439 Kuser Road, Hamilton, NJ 08690, United States(1)
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Sugimoto K, Kim SR, El-Shamy A, Imoto S, Ando K, Kim KI, Tanaka Y, Yano Y, Kim SK, Hasegawa Y, Fujinami A, Ohta M, Takashi H, Hotta H, Hayashi Y, Kudo M. Factors of response to pegylated interferon/ribavirin combination therapy and mechanism of viral clearance. Dig Dis 2013; 31:421-5. [PMID: 24281015 DOI: 10.1159/000355239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores viral factors of the interferon (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) resistance-determining region (IRRDR), the IFN sensitivity-determining region (ISDR) and the core protein, and host factor interleukin 28B associated with response to pegylated IFN (PEG-IFN) and RBV combination therapy, and the correlation of viral and host factors with IFN-λ1. METHODS A total of 58 patients underwent PEG-IFN/RBV combination therapy for 48 weeks. The pretreatment factors associated with rapid virological response (RVR) and sustained virological response (SVR) were analyzed. Pretreatment IFN-λ1 serum levels were compared with the viral and host factors. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that IRRDR ≥6 and ISDR ≥2 were significant pretreatment predictors of RVR, and multivariate analysis identified IRRDR ≥6 and hemoglobin as significant predictors of SVR. Pretreatment IFN-λ1 was significantly higher in the SVR group than in the non-SVR group and also in the IRRDR ≥6 group than in the IRRDR ≤5 group. CONCLUSIONS IRRDR ≥6 was the only significant predictor of SVR and was correlated with IFN-λ1. High serum levels of IFN-λ1 may be conducive to effective PEG-IFN/RBV combination therapy because of the immunomodulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Sugimoto
- Department of Pharmacy, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Wan C, Latter JL, Amirshahi A, Symonds I, Finnie J, Bowden N, Scott RJ, Cunningham KA, Timms P, Beagley KW. Progesterone activates multiple innate immune pathways in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected endocervical cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2013; 71:165-77. [PMID: 24206234 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Susceptibility to Chlamydia trachomatis infection is increased by oral contraceptives and modulated by sex hormones. We therefore sought to determine the effects of female sex hormones on the innate immune response to C. trachomatis infection. METHOD OF STUDY ECC-1 endometrial cells, pre-treated with oestradiol or progesterone, were infected with C. trachomatis and the host transcriptome analysed by Illumina Sentrix HumanRef-8 microarray. Primary endocervical epithelial cells, prepared at either the proliferative or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, were infected with C. trachomatis and cytokine gene expression determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Chlamydia trachomatis yield from progesterone-primed ECC-1 cells was significantly reduced compared with oestradiol-treated cells. Genes upregulated in progesterone-treated and Chlamydia-infected cells only included multiple CC and CXC chemokines, IL-17C, IL-29, IL-32, TNF-α, DEFB4B, LCN2, S100A7-9, ITGAM, NOD2, JAK1, IL-6ST, type I and II interferon receptors, numerous interferon-stimulated genes and STAT6. CXCL10, CXCL11, CX3 CL1 and IL-17C, which were also upregulated in infected secretory-stage primary cells, and there was a trend towards higher levels of immune mediators in infected secretory-phase compared with proliferative-phase cells. CONCLUSION Progesterone treatment primes multiple innate immune pathways in hormone-responsive epithelial cells that could potentially increase resistance to chlamydial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Wan
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Qld, Australia
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Xu L, Feng X, Tan W, Gu W, Guo D, Zhang M, Wang F. IL-29 enhances Toll-like receptor-mediated IL-6 and IL-8 production by the synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:R170. [PMID: 24286242 PMCID: PMC3978693 DOI: 10.1186/ar4357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously reported that IL-29, a newly described member of interferon (IFN) family, was overexpressed in blood and synovium of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and triggered proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression in RA synovial fibroblasts (RA-FLS). This suggests that IL-29 has an important role in synovial inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) also activate RA-FLS to produce inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IL-1β in RA-FLS. Since the TLR family plays an early role in the innate immune response and the subsequent induction of the adaptive immune response, we hypothesize that IL-29 interacts with TLRs in RA inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL-29 on TLR-mediated proinflammatory cytokine production in RA-FLS. METHODS The mRNA level of IL-29 receptors (IL-28Rα and IL-10R2) in RA-FLS was determined by semi-quantitative RT- PCR. IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expressions in RA-FLS were evaluated by real-time PCR after pre-incubation with IL-29 and subsequent stimulation with peptidoglycan (PGN, TLR2 ligand), or polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C), TLR3 ligand), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, TLR4 ligand) . The production of TLR2, 3, and 4 in RA-FLS after IL-29 stimulation was also assessed by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. IL-29 mRNA and protein expression in RA-FLS after stimulation with PGN, poly(I:C), or LPS were measured by real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. RESULTS The IL-29 receptor complex (IL-28Rα and IL-10R2) was identified in RA-FLS. IL-29 enhanced TLR-mediated IL-6 and IL-8 expression in RA-FLS. IL-29 upregulated expression of TLR2, 3 and 4 in RA-FLS. Exposure to PGN, poly(I:C) or LPS triggered IL-29 production by RA-FLS. CONCLUSIONS We show for the first time that IL-29 enhances TLR-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in RA-FLS via upregulation of TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Xiaoke Feng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Weijuan Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Dunming Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, China
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Wu Q, Yang Q, Sun H, Li M, Zhang Y, La Cava A. Serum IFN-λ1 is abnormally elevated in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Autoimmunity 2013; 46:40-3. [PMID: 23039206 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2012.730587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Interferon (IFN)-λ1 is a newly described cytokine that is known for its proinflammatory activity in viral infection and in cancer. Because recent studies indicated that IFN-λ can influence significantly the innate and adaptive immune response, we studied IFN-λ in a prototypic systemic autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It was found that RA patients had higher mRNA levels in PBMC and higher serum levels of IFN-λ1 in comparison with healthy matched controls and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Although there was no correlation between serum IFN-λ1 and RA autoantibodies, RA patients that presented knee joint involvement displayed higher serum IFN-λ1 than patients without knee joint involvement, suggesting that abnormally elevated IFN-λ1 levels in RA can associate with knee joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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