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Zitta K, Hummitzsch L, Lichte F, Fändrich F, Steinfath M, Eimer C, Kapahnke S, Buerger M, Hess K, Rusch M, Rusch R, Berndt R, Albrecht M. Effects of temporal IFNγ exposure on macrophage phenotype and secretory profile: exploring GMP-Compliant production of a novel subtype of regulatory macrophages (Mreg IFNγ0) for potential cell therapeutic applications. J Transl Med 2024; 22:534. [PMID: 38835045 PMCID: PMC11151567 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05336-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages are involved in tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis and immunomodulation. Proangiogenic and anti-inflammatory macrophages (regulatory macrophages, Mreg) can be differentiated in-vitro from CD14+ monocytes by using a defined cell culture medium and a stimulus of IFNγ. AIM OF THE STUDY To scrutinize the potential impact of temporal IFNγ exposure on macrophage differentiation as such exposure may lead to the emergence of a distinct and novel macrophage subtype. METHODS Differentiation of human CD14+ monocytes to Mreg was performed using a GMP compliant protocol and administration of IFNγ on day 6. Monocytes from the same donor were in parallel differentiated to MregIFNγ0 using the identical protocol but with administration of IFNγ on day 0. Cell characterization was performed using brightfield microscopy, automated and metabolic cell analysis, transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, qPCR and secretome profiling. RESULTS Mreg and MregIFNγ0 showed no differences in cell size and volume. However, phenotypically MregIFNγ0 exhibited fewer intracellular vesicles/vacuoles but larger pseudopodia-like extensions. MregIFNγ0 revealed reduced expression of IDO and PD-L1 (P < 0.01 for both). They were positive for CD80, CD14, CD16 and CD38 (P < 0.0001vs. Mreg for all), while the majority of MregIFNγ0 did not express CD206, CD56, and CD103 on their cell surface (P < 0.01 vs. Mreg for all). In terms of their secretomes, MregIFNγ0 differed significantly from Mreg. MregIFNγ0 media exhibited reduced levels of ENA-78, Osteopontin and Serpin E1, while the amounts of MIG (CXCL9) and IP10 were increased. CONCLUSION Exposing CD14+ monocytes to an alternatively timed IFNγ stimulation results in a novel macrophage subtype which possess additional M1-like features (MregIFNγ0). MregIFNγ0 may therefore have the potential to serve as cellular therapeutics for clinical applications beyond those covered by M2-like Mreg, including immunomodulation and tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Zitta
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany.
| | - Lars Hummitzsch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank Lichte
- Department of Anatomy, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fred Fändrich
- Clinic for Applied Cell Therapy, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Steinfath
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Eimer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Buerger
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Rusch
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rene Rusch
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rouven Berndt
- Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, UKSH, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
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2
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Apeku E, Tantuoyir MM, Zheng R, Tanye N. Exploring the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in the context of skin diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:269. [PMID: 38302766 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages are critical components of the immune system and play vital roles in pathogen defense, immune regulation, and tissue repair. These cells exhibit different polarization states depending on environmental signals, and the M1/M2 paradigm is a useful tool for comprehending these states. This review article comprehensively presents the underlying mechanisms of M1 and M2 macrophage polarization and examines their polarization in various skin diseases. Additionally, this paper discusses therapeutic strategies that target M1 and M2 macrophage polarization in skin diseases. A more profound understanding of macrophage polarization in skin diseases could provide valuable insights for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestina Apeku
- Department of Dermatology, The 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University; Graduate Department of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | | | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The 1st Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Nestor Tanye
- School of Automation Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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3
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Park SJ, Lee JS, Nam YR, Lee JM, Ki DW, Yun BS, Choi SW, Van NTH, Nam JH, Kim HJ, Kim WK. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Alphitolic Acid Isolated from Agrimonia coreana Nakai Extracts Are Mediated via the Inhibition of I CRAC Activity in T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17309. [PMID: 38139137 PMCID: PMC10743429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., an important medicinal herb in traditional East Asian medicine, is primarily used to treat abdominal pain, dysentery, and hemostasis. There are ten other reported species of Agrimonia plants, including Agrimonia coreana Nakai-a naturally growing species in South Korea-and Agrimonia eupatoria Linn. Although recent studies have isolated numerous active constituents and investigated their effects, the medicinal utility of this herb is not yet fully explored. Through patch-clamp recording, a previous study reported that Agrimonia plant extracts inhibit the function of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels (CRACs). Herein, we aimed to identify and isolate the main compounds in A. coreana responsible for CRAC inhibition while assessing the anti-inflammatory effects mediated by this inhibition. We demonstrated for the first time that alphitolic acid isolated from A. coreana has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on CRAC activity and, thus, an inhibitory effect on intracellular calcium increase. Furthermore, analysis of human CD4+ T cell proliferation via the carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester method revealed that alphitolic acid inhibited T cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for the potential therapeutic use of alphitolic acid in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Park
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (S.J.P.); (J.M.L.); (S.W.C.); (N.T.H.V.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jin Seok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yu Ran Nam
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
- CIPA KOREA Inc. 755-27, Gobong-ro, Gyeonggi-do, Paju-si 10911, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Lee
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (S.J.P.); (J.M.L.); (S.W.C.); (N.T.H.V.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dae-Won Ki
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.K.); (B.-S.Y.)
| | - Bong-Sik Yun
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Gobong-ro 79, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.K.); (B.-S.Y.)
| | - Seong Woo Choi
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (S.J.P.); (J.M.L.); (S.W.C.); (N.T.H.V.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Nhung Thi Hong Van
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (S.J.P.); (J.M.L.); (S.W.C.); (N.T.H.V.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (S.J.P.); (J.M.L.); (S.W.C.); (N.T.H.V.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyun Jong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea; (S.J.P.); (J.M.L.); (S.W.C.); (N.T.H.V.); (J.H.N.)
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Kyung Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, 27 Dongguk-ro, Ilsan Dong-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea;
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Duque C, So J, Castro-Sesquen YE, DeToy K, Gutierrez Guarnizo SA, Jahanbakhsh F, Machaca EM, Miranda-Schaeubinger M, Chakravarti I, Cooper V, Schmidt ME, Adamo L, Marcus R, Talaat KR, Gilman RH, Mugnier MR. Immunologic changes are detectable in the peripheral blood transcriptome of clinically asymptomatic Chagas cardiomyopathy patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.03.560680. [PMID: 37873108 PMCID: PMC10592925 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a neglected parasitic disease that affects approximately 6 million individuals worldwide. Of those infected, 20-30% will go on to develop chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), and ultimately many of these individuals will progress to advanced heart failure. The mechanism by which this progression occurs is poorly understood, as few studies have focused on early CCC. In this study, we sought to understand the physiologic changes associated with T. cruzi infection and the development of CCC. We analyzed gene expression in the peripheral blood of asymptomatic Chagas patients with early structural heart disease, Chagas patients without any signs or symptoms of disease, and Chagas-negative patients with and without early structural heart disease. Our analysis shows that early CCC was associated with a downregulation of various peripheral immune response genes, with gene expression changes suggestive of reduced antigen presentation and T cell activation. Notably, these genes and processes were distinct from those of early cardiomyopathy in Chagas-negative patients, suggesting that the processes mediating CCC may be unique from those mediating progression to other cardiomyopathies. This work highlights the importance of the immune response in early CCC, providing insight into the early pathogenesis of this disease. The changes we have identified may serve as biomarkers of progression and could inform strategies for the treatment of CCC in its early stages, before significant cardiac damage has occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Duque
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jaime So
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yagahira E Castro-Sesquen
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelly DeToy
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Fatemeh Jahanbakhsh
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Edith Malaga Machaca
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Monica Miranda-Schaeubinger
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Indira Chakravarti
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Virginia Cooper
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary E Schmidt
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Luigi Adamo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rachel Marcus
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Kawsar R Talaat
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Monica R Mugnier
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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5
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Wong Lau A, Perez Pineda J, DeLouise LA. Immunomodulatory effects of nanoparticles on dendritic cells in a model of allergic contact dermatitis: importance of PD-L2 expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15992. [PMID: 37749142 PMCID: PMC10520013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42797-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) skin exposure is linked to an increased prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis. In our prior studies using the mouse contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model, we reported that silica 20 nm (SiO2) NPs suppressed the allergic response and titanium dioxide NPs doped with manganese (mTiO2) exacerbated it. In this work, we conducted in vitro experiments using bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) to study the combinatorial effect of the potent 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) hapten sensitizer with SiO2 and mTiO2 NPs on BMDC cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion and phenotype using the B7 family ligands. Results show that DNFB and mTiO2 behave similarly and exhibit proinflammatory characteristics while SiO2 promotes a naive phenotype. We observe that the B7-H3 (CD276) ligand is only expressed on CD80 + (B7-1) BMDCs. Results from adoptive transfer CHS studies, combined with BMDC phenotype analysis, point to the importance of PD-L2 expression in modulating the adaptive immune response. This work identifies metrics that can be used to predict the effects of NPs on contact allergy and to guide efforts to engineer cell-based therapies to induce hapten specific immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wong Lau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Perez Pineda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lisa A DeLouise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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6
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Ocaña-Guzmán R, Osorio-Pérez D, Chavez-Galan L. Opportunistic Infections and Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated with Administering Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1119. [PMID: 37631034 PMCID: PMC10458516 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Manipulating the immune system by blocking the immune checkpoint receptors is the basis of immunotherapy, a relevant tool in current clinical oncology. The strategy of blocking the immune checkpoints (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, ICI) consists of using monoclonal antibodies to inhibit the interaction between ligand and inhibitory receptors from triggering a complete activation of helper and cytotoxic T cells to fight against tumour cells. Immunotherapy has benefited patients with diverse cancers such as stomach, lung, melanoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, among others. Unfortunately, a growing number of reports have indicated that the ICI treatment also can show a dark side under specific conditions; some of the adverse effects induced by ICI are immunosuppression, opportunistic infections, and organ-specific alterations. This review discusses some immunologic aspects related to these unwanted effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranferi Ocaña-Guzmán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Diego Osorio-Pérez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de la Mujer, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Leslie Chavez-Galan
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
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Lau AW, Pineda JP, DeLouise LA. Immunomodulatory Effects of Nanoparticles on Dendritic Cells in a Model of Allergic Contact Dermatitis - Importance of PD-L2 Expression. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3069059. [PMID: 37503107 PMCID: PMC10371126 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3069059/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) skin exposure is linked to the increased prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis. In prior studies using the mouse contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model, we reported that silica 20 nm (Si20nm) suppressed the allergic response and TiO2 doped with manganese (mTiO2) exacerbated it. In this work, we conducted in vitro experiments using bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) to study the combinatorial effect of the potent 2, 4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) hapten sensitizer with Si20nm and mTiO2 NPs on BMDC cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion and phenotype using the B7 family ligands. Results show that DNFB and mTiO2 behave similarly and exhibit proinflammatory characteristics while Si20nm promotes a naive phenotype. We observe that the B7-H3 (CD276) ligand is only expressed on CD80+ (B7-1) BMDC. Results from adoptive transfer CHS studies, combined with BMDC phenotype analysis, point to the importance of PD-L2 expression in modulating the adaptive immune response. This work identifies metrics that can be used to predict the effects of NPs on contact allergy and to guide efforts to engineer cell-based therapies to induce antigen specific immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wong Lau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Perez Pineda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Lisa A. DeLouise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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8
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Kazana W, Jakubczyk D, Pacyga-Prus K, Leszczyńska K, Górska S, Siednienko J, Macała J, Piechowiak G, Zabłocka A. A Novel Mechanism of Macrophage Activation by the Natural Yolkin Polypeptide Complex from Egg Yolk. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063125. [PMID: 35328547 PMCID: PMC8949158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by the inevitable changes in the function of the immune system. It provides increased susceptibility to chronic infections that have a negative impact on the quality of life of older people. Therefore, rejuvenating the aged immunity has become an important research and therapeutic goal. Yolkin, a polypeptide complex isolated from hen egg yolks, possesses immunoregulatory and neuroprotective activity. Considering that macrophages play a key role in pathogen recognition and antigen presentation, we evaluated the impact of yolkin on the phenotype and function of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages of the BMDM cell line. We determined yolkin bioavailability and the surface co-expression of CD80/CD86 using flow cytometry and IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and iNOS mRNA expression via real-time PCR. Additionally, the impact of yolkin on the regulation of cytokine expression by MAPK and PI3K/Akt kinases was determined. The stimulation of cells with yolkin induced significant changes in cell morphology and an increase in CD80/CD86 expression. Using pharmaceutical inhibitors of ERK, JNK and PI3K/Akt, we have shown that yolkin is able to activate these kinases to control cytokine mRNA expression. Our results suggest that yolkin is a good regulator of macrophage activity, priming mainly the M1 phenotype. Therefore, it is believed that yolkin possesses significant therapeutic potential and represents a promising possibility for the development of novel immunomodulatory medicine.
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Singh A, Anang V, Verma C, Saraswati SSK, Rana AK, Bandyopadhyay U, Chadha A, Natarajan K. Bcl2 negatively regulates Protective Immune Responses During Mycobacterial Infection. Biomol Concepts 2021; 12:94-109. [PMID: 34304400 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2021-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that M. tb on its own as well as together with HIV inhibits macrophage apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bcl2 and Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP). In addition, recent reports from our lab showed that stimulation of either macrophages or BMDCs results in the significant upregulation of Bcl2. In this report, we delineate the role of Bcl2 in mediating defense responses from dendritic cells (BMDCs) during mycobacterial infection. Inhibiting Bcl2 led to a significant decrease in intracellular bacterial burden in BMDCs. To further characterize the role of Bcl2 in modulating defense responses, we inhibited Bcl2 in BMDCs as well as human PBMCs to monitor their activation and functional status in response to mycobacterial infection and stimulation with M. tb antigen Rv3416. Inhibiting Bcl2 generated protective responses including increased expression of co-stimulatory molecules, oxidative burst, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and autophagy. Finally, co-culturing human PBMCs and BMDCs with antigen-primed T cells increased their proliferation, activation and effector function. These results point towards a critical role for Bcl2 in regulating BMDCs defense responses to mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aayushi Singh
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Vandana Anang
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Chaitenya Verma
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | | | - Ankush Kumar Rana
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Upasana Bandyopadhyay
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Attinder Chadha
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Krishnamurthy Natarajan
- Infectious Disease Immunology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Moin ASM, Sathyapalan T, Butler AE, Atkin SL. Vitamin D Association With Macrophage-Derived Cytokines in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Enhanced Risk of COVID-19 Infection? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:638621. [PMID: 33716989 PMCID: PMC7947877 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.638621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) often have vitamin D deficiency, a known risk factor for severe COVID-19 disease. Alveolar macrophage-derived cytokines contribute to the inflammation underlying pulmonary disease in COVID-19. We sought to determine if basal macrophage activation, as a risk factor for COVID-19 infection, was present in PCOS and, if so, was further enhanced by vitamin D deficiency. METHODS A cross-sectional study in 99 PCOS and 68 control women who presented sequentially. Plasma levels of a macrophage-derived cytokine panel were determined by Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement. Vitamin D was measured by tandem mass spectroscopy. RESULTS Vitamin D was lower in PCOS women (p<0.0001) and correlated negatively with body mass index (BMI) in PCOS (r=0.28, p=0.0046). Basal macrophage activation markers CXCL5, CD163 and MMP9 were elevated, whilst protective CD200 was decreased (p<0.05); changes in these variables were related to, and fully accounted for, by BMI. PCOS and control women were then stratified according to vitamin D concentration. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with decreased CD80 and IFN-γ in PCOS and IL-12 in both groups (p<0.05). These factors, important in initiating and maintaining the immune response, were again accounted for by BMI. CONCLUSION Basal macrophage activation was higher in PCOS with macrophage changes related with increased infection risk associating with vitamin D; all changes were BMI dependent, suggesting that obese PCOS with vitamin D deficiency may be at greater risk of more severe COVID-19 infection, but that it is obesity-related rather than an independent PCOS factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Butler, ;
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Manama, Bahrain
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Li X, Zhang B, Wang H, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Ding G, Wei F. The effect of aging on the biological and immunological characteristics of periodontal ligament stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:326. [PMID: 32727592 PMCID: PMC7392710 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01846-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have many applications in the field of cytotherapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. However, the effect of age on the biological and immunological characteristics of PDLSCs remains unclear. Methods In this study, we compared PDLSCs isolated from young and adult individuals. PDLSC proliferation was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and apoptosis level was detected by Annexin V-PE/7-ADD staining. PDLSC osteogenic/adipogenic/chondrogenic differentiation potentials were assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alizarin Red, Oil Red O, Alcian Blue staining, and related quantitative analysis. PDLSC immunosuppressive capacity was determined by EdU and Annexin V-PE/7-ADD staining. To explore its underlying mechanism, microarray, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blot analyses were performed to detect differentially expressed genes and proteins in PDLSCs. Results Our results demonstrated that with aging, the proliferation and osteogenic/adipogenic/chondrogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs decreased, whereas apoptosis of PDLSCs increased. Moreover, the immunosuppressive ability of PDLSCs decreased with aging. Compared with PDLSCs from young subjects, analysis of mRNA expression revealed an upregulation of CCND3 and RC3H2, and a downregulation of Runx2, ALP, COL1A1, PPARγ2, CXCL12, FKBP1A, FKBP1B, NCSTN, P2RX7, PPP3CB, RIPK2, SLC11A1, and TP53 in those from adult individuals. Furthermore, protein expression levels of Runx2, ALP, COL1A1, and PPARγ2 in the adult group were decreased, whereas that of CCND3 increased. Conclusions Taken together, aging influences the biological and immunological characteristics of PDLSCs, and thus, it is more appropriate to utilize PDLSCs from young individuals for tissue regeneration, post-aging treatment, and allotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zijie Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Gang Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Qingzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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12
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Barnowski C, Ciupka G, Tao R, Jin L, Busch DH, Tao S, Drexler I. Efficient Induction of Cytotoxic T Cells by Viral Vector Vaccination Requires STING-Dependent DC Functions. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1458. [PMID: 32765505 PMCID: PMC7381110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is an attenuated strain of vaccinia virus and currently under investigation as a promising vaccine vector against infectious diseases and cancer. MVA acquired mutations in host range and immunomodulatory genes, rendering the virus deficient for replication in most mammalian cells. MVA has a high safety profile and induces robust immune responses. However, the role of innate immune triggers for the induction of cytotoxic T cell responses after vaccination is incompletely understood. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an adaptor protein which integrates signaling downstream of several DNA sensors and therefore mediates the induction of type I interferons and other cytokines or chemokines in response to various dsDNA viruses. Since the type I interferon response was entirely STING-dependent during MVA infection, we studied the effect of STING on primary and secondary cytotoxic T cell responses and memory T cell formation after MVA vaccination in STING KO mice. Moreover, we analyzed the impact of STING on the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and their functionality as antigen presenting cells for cytotoxic T cells during MVA infection in vitro. Our results show that STING has an impact on the antigen processing and presentation capacity of conventionel DCs and played a crucial role for DC maturation and type I interferon production. Importantly, STING was required for the induction of efficient cytotoxic T cell responses in vivo, since we observed significantly decreased short-lived effector and effector memory T cell responses after priming in STING KO mice. These findings indicate that STING probably integrates innate immune signaling downstream of different DNA sensors in DCs and shapes the cytotoxic T cell response via the DC maturation phenotype which strongly depends on type I interferons in this infection model. Understanding the detailed functions of innate immune triggers during MVA infection will contribute to the optimized design of MVA-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Barnowski
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gregor Ciupka
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ronny Tao
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lei Jin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Dirk H Busch
- Institute of Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sha Tao
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ingo Drexler
- Institute for Virology, Düsseldorf University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Daratumumab induces mechanisms of immune activation through CD38+ NK cell targeting. Leukemia 2020; 35:189-200. [PMID: 32296125 PMCID: PMC7572537 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Daratumumab (Dara), a multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, is an antibody against the surface receptor CD38, which is expressed not only on plasma cells but also on NK cells and monocytes. Correlative data have highlighted the immune-modulatory role of Dara, despite the paradoxical observation that Dara regimens decrease the frequency of total NK cells. Here we show that, despite this reduction, NK cells play a pivotal role in Dara anti-MM activity. CD38 on NK cells is essential for Dara-induced immune modulation, and its expression is restricted to NK cells with effector function. We also show that Dara induces rapid CD38 protein degradation associated with NK cell activation, leaving an activated CD38-negative NK cell population. CD38+ NK cell targeting by Dara also promotes monocyte activation, inducing an increase in T cell costimulatory molecules (CD86/80) and enhancing anti-MM phagocytosis activity ex-vivo and in vivo. In support of Dara’s immunomodulating role, we show that MM patients that discontinued Dara therapy because of progression maintain targetable unmutated surface CD38 expression on their MM cells, but retain effector cells with impaired cellular immune function. In summary, we report that CD38+ NK cells may be an unexplored therapeutic target for priming the immune system of MM patients.
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14
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Islam SMS, Byun HO, Choi B, Sohn S. Inhibition of CD83 Alleviates Systemic Inflammation in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Induced Behçet's Disease Model Mouse. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:5761392. [PMID: 31582900 PMCID: PMC6754941 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5761392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is an autoinflammatory disease that can lead to life- and sight-threating complications. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells that can regulate multiple inflammatory pathways. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of the DC stimulatory molecule CD83 with BD. Frequencies of costimulatory molecules expressing DCs in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were measured by flow cytometry (FACS). The severity of symptoms in HSV-1-induced BD symptomatic mice was also assessed. Frequencies of CD83-positive cells were significantly increased in mice exhibiting BD symptoms, compared to those in asymptomatic mice. Abatacept, a CD80/86 blocker, significantly decreased the frequencies of CD83-positive cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. BD symptomatic mice treated with Abatacept showed gradual reduction in the severity score of symptoms. Intraperitoneal injection of CD83 siRNA significantly reduced the frequencies of CD83-positive cells in PBL and peritoneal macrophages. After CD83 siRNA injection, BD symptoms of mice were improved and disease severity was decreased. Discontinuation of CD83 siRNA deteriorated symptoms while readministration of CD83 siRNA again improved BD symptoms of mice. These results clearly indicate the involvement of CD83-expressing cells in the inflammatory symptoms of BD. Therefore, CD83 might be useful as a therapeutic target for BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Shamsul Islam
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Ok Byun
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Bunsoon Choi
- Institute for Medical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghyang Sohn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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15
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CD80 Expression Correlates with IL-6 Production in THP-1-Like Macrophages Costimulated with LPS and Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract (Transferon®). J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:2198508. [PMID: 31093509 PMCID: PMC6481127 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2198508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transferon® is a complex drug based on a mixture of low molecular weight peptides. This biotherapeutic is employed as a coadjuvant in clinical trials of several diseases, including viral infections and allergies. Given that macrophages play key roles in pathogen recognition, phagocytosis, processing, and antigen presentation, we evaluated the effect of Transferon® on phenotype and function of macrophage-like cells derived from THP-1 monocytes. We determined the surface expression of CD80 and CD86 by flow cytometry and IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels by ELISA. Transferon® alone did not alter the steady state of PMA-differentiated macrophage-like THP-1 cells. On the contrary, simultaneous stimulation of cells with Transferon® and LPS elicited a significant increase in CD80 (P ≤ 0.001) and CD86 (P ≤ 0.001) expression, as well as in IL-6 production (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the LPS control. CD80 expression and IL-6 production exhibited a positive correlation (r = 0.6, P ≤ 0.05) in cells exposed to Transferon® and LPS. Our results suggest that the administration of Transferon® induces the expression of costimulatory molecules and the secretion of cytokines in LPS-activated macrophages. Further studies are necessary to determine the implication of these findings in the therapeutic properties of Transferon®.
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16
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Paßlick D, Piradashvili K, Bamberger D, Li M, Jiang S, Strand D, R. Wich P, Landfester K, Bros M, Grabbe S, Mailänder V. Delivering all in one: Antigen-nanocapsule loaded with dual adjuvant yields superadditive effects by DC-directed T cell stimulation. J Control Release 2018; 289:23-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Martín-Cófreces NB, Vicente-Manzanares M, Sánchez-Madrid F. Adhesive Interactions Delineate the Topography of the Immune Synapse. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:149. [PMID: 30425987 PMCID: PMC6218456 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells form adhesive contacts with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) as part of the normal surveillance process that occurs in lymph nodes and other tissues. Most of these adhesive interactions are formed by integrins that interact with ligands expressed on the surface of the APC. The interactive strength of integrins depends on their degree of membrane proximity as well as intracellular signals that dictate the conformation of the integrin. Integrins appear in different conformations that endow them with different affinities for their ligand(s). Integrin conformation and thus adhesive strength between the T cell and the APC is tuned by intracellular signals that are turned on by ligation of the T cell receptor (TCR) and chemokine receptors. During the different stages of the process, integrins, the TCR and chemokine receptors may be interconnected by the actin cytoskeleton underneath the plasma membrane, forming a chemical and physical network that facilitates the spatiotemporal dynamics, positioning, and function of these receptors and supports cell-cell adhesion during T cell activation, allowing it to perform its effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Beatriz Martín-Cófreces
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CIC-IBMCC (CSIC-Universidad de Salamanca), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Servicio de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Parmar R, Patel H, Yadav N, Parikh R, Patel K, Mohankrishnan A, Bhurani V, Joshi U, Dalai SK. Infectious Sporozoites of Plasmodium berghei Effectively Activate Liver CD8α + Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:192. [PMID: 29472929 PMCID: PMC5809440 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunization with radiation-attenuated sporozoites (RAS) shown to confer complete sterile protection against Plasmodia liver-stage (LS) infection that lasts about 6 to 9 months in mice. We have found that the intermittent infectious sporozoite challenge to immune mice following RAS vaccination extends the longevity of sterile protection by maintaining CD8+ T cell memory responses to LS infection. It is reported that CD8α+ dendritic cells (DCs) are involved in the induction of LS-specific CD8+ T cells following RAS or genetically attenuated parasite (GAP) vaccination. In this study, we demonstrate that CD8α+ DCs respond differently to infectious sporozoite or RAS inoculation. The higher accumulation and activation of CD8α+ DCs was seen in the liver in response to infectious sporozoite 72 h postinoculation and found to be associated with higher expression of chemokines (CCL-20 and CCL-21) and type I interferon response via toll-like receptor signaling in liver. Moreover, the infectious sporozoites were found to induce qualitative changes in terms of the increased MHCII expression as well as costimulatory molecules including CD40 on the CD8α+ DCs compared to RAS inoculation. We have also found that infectious sporozoite challenge increased CD40L-expressing CD4+ T cells, which could help CD8+ T cells in the liver through "licensing" of the antigen-presenting cells. Our results suggest that infectious sporozoite challenge to prior RAS immunized mice modulates the CD8α+ DCs, which might be shaping the fate of memory CD8+ T cells against Plasmodium LS infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Parmar
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Hardik Patel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Naveen Yadav
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ritika Parikh
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Khyati Patel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | | | - Urja Joshi
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
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Turkowski K, Brandenburg S, Mueller A, Kremenetskaia I, Bungert AD, Blank A, Felsenstein M, Vajkoczy P. VEGF as a modulator of the innate immune response in glioblastoma. Glia 2017; 66:161-174. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kati Turkowski
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Susan Brandenburg
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Annett Mueller
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Irina Kremenetskaia
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Alexander D. Bungert
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Anne Blank
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Matthäus Felsenstein
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
| | - Peter Vajkoczy
- Department of Experimental Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1; Berlin 10117 Germany
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20
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Khalafalla MG, Woods LT, Camden JM, Khan AA, Limesand KH, Petris MJ, Erb L, Weisman GA. P2X7 receptor antagonism prevents IL-1β release from salivary epithelial cells and reduces inflammation in a mouse model of autoimmune exocrinopathy. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16626-16637. [PMID: 28798231 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.790741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland inflammation is a hallmark of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), a common autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary gland and loss of saliva secretion, predominantly in women. The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an ATP-gated nonselective cation channel that induces inflammatory responses in cells and tissues, including salivary gland epithelium. In immune cells, P2X7R activation induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, by inducing the oligomerization of the multiprotein complex NLRP3-type inflammasome. Here, our results show that in primary mouse submandibular gland (SMG) epithelial cells, P2X7R activation also induces the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the maturation and release of IL-1β, a response that is absent in SMG cells isolated from mice deficient in P2X7Rs (P2X7R-/-). P2X7R-mediated IL-1β release in SMG epithelial cells is dependent on transmembrane Na+ and/or K+ flux and the activation of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a protein required for the activation and stabilization of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Also, using the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers N-acetyl cysteine and Mito-TEMPO, we determined that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are required for P2X7R-mediated IL-1β release. Lastly, in vivo administration of the P2X7R antagonist A438079 in the CD28-/-, IFNγ-/-, NOD.H-2h4 mouse model of salivary gland exocrinopathy ameliorated salivary gland inflammation and enhanced carbachol-induced saliva secretion. These findings demonstrate that P2X7R antagonism in vivo represents a promising therapeutic strategy to limit salivary gland inflammation and improve secretory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G Khalafalla
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Lucas T Woods
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Jean M Camden
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Aslam A Khan
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Kirsten H Limesand
- the Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721
| | - Michael J Petris
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology,University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211-7310 and
| | - Laurie Erb
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
| | - Gary A Weisman
- From the Department of Biochemistry, .,Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, and
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21
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Jimbo S, Suleman M, Maina T, Prysliak T, Mulongo M, Perez-Casal J. Effect of Mycoplasma bovis on bovine neutrophils. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 188:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Schmiedeberg K, Krause H, Röhl FW, Hartig R, Jorch G, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. T Cells of Infants Are Mature, but Hyporeactive Due to Limited Ca2+ Influx. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166633. [PMID: 27893767 PMCID: PMC5125607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4 T cells in human infants and adults differ in the initiation and strength of their responses. The molecular basis for these differences is not yet understood. To address this the principle key molecular events of TCR- and CD28-induced signaling in naive CD4 T cells, such as Ca2+ influx, NFAT expression, phosphorylation and translocation into the nucleus, ERK activation and IL-2 response, were analyzed over at least the first 3 years of life. We report dramatically reduced IL-2 and TNFα responses in naive CD31+ T cells during infancy. Looking at the obligatory Ca2+ influx required to induce T cell activation and proliferation, we demonstrate characteristic patterns of impairment for each stage of infancy that are partly due to the differential usage of Ca2+ stores. Consistent with those findings, translocation of NFATc2 is limited, but still dependent on Ca2+ influx as demonstrated by sensitivity to cyclosporin A (CsA) treatment. Thus weak Ca2+ influx functions as a catalyst for the implementation of restricted IL-2 response in T cells during infancy. Our studies also define limited mobilization of Ca2+ ions as a characteristic property of T cells during infancy. This work adds to our understanding of infants’ poor T cell responsiveness against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Schmiedeberg
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hardy Krause
- Clinic of Pediatric Surgery University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich-Wilhelm Röhl
- Institute of Biometry and Medical Informatics University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Jorch
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Monika C. Brunner-Weinzierl
- Department of Experimental Pediatrics, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Hoth M. CRAC channels, calcium, and cancer in light of the driver and passenger concept. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:1408-17. [PMID: 26705695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Advances in next-generation sequencing allow very comprehensive analyses of large numbers of cancer genomes leading to an increasingly better characterization and classification of cancers. Comparing genomic data predicts candidate genes driving development, growth, or metastasis of cancer. Cancer driver genes are defined as genes whose mutations are causally implicated in oncogenesis whereas passenger mutations are defined as not being oncogenic. Currently, a list of several hundred cancer driver mutations is discussed including prominent members like TP53, BRAF, NRAS, or NF1. According to the vast literature on Ca(2+) and cancer, Ca(2+) signals and the underlying Ca(2+) channels and transporters certainly influence the development, growth, and metastasis of many cancers. In this review, I focus on the calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channel genes STIM and Orai and their role for cancer development, growth, and metastasis. STIM and Orai genes are being discussed in the context of current cancer concepts with a focus on the driver-passenger hypothesis. One result of this discussion is the hypothesis that a driver analysis of Ca(2+) homeostasis-related genes should not be carried out by looking at isolated genes. Rather a pool of “Ca(2+) genes” might be considered to act as one potential cancer driver. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Calcium and Cell Fate. Guest Editors: Jacques Haiech, Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs, Thierry Capiod and Olivier Mignen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hoth
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Building 48, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany.
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Lin W, Suo Y, Deng Y, Fan Z, Zheng Y, Wei X, Chu Y. Morphological change of CD4(+) T cell during contact with DC modulates T-cell activation by accumulation of F-actin in the immunology synapse. BMC Immunol 2015; 16:49. [PMID: 26306899 PMCID: PMC4549951 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-015-0108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The changes in T-cell morphology during immunological synapse (IS) formation are essential for T-cell activation. Previous researches have shown that T cell changed from spherical to elongated and/or flattened during in contact with B cell. As most powerful antigen presenting cell, dendritic cell (DC) has a strong ability to activate T cells. However, the morphological change of T cell which contacts DC and the relationship between morphological change and T-cell activation are not very clear. Thus, we studied the morphological change of CD4(+) T cell during contact with DC. RESULTS Using live-cell imaging, we discovered diversity in the T-cell morphological changes during contact with DCs. The elongation-flattening of CD4(+) T cells correlated with a low-level Ca(2+) response and a loss of T-cell receptor (TCR) signalling molecules in the IS, including zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70 (ZAP-70), phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ) and protein kinase C-θ (PKC-θ), whereas rounding-flattening correlated with sufficient CD4(+) T-cell activation. Different morphological changes were correlated with the different amount of accumulated filamentous actin (F-actin) in the IS. Disruption of F-actin by cytochalasin D impaired the morphological change and the localisation of calcium microdomains in the IS and decreased the calcium response in CD4(+) T cells. CONCLUSION Our study discovered the diversity in morphological change of T cells during contacted with DCs. During this process, the different morphological changes of T cells modulate T-cell activation by the different amount of F-actin accumulation in the IS, which controls the distribution of calcium microdomains to affect T-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanzhen Suo
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yuting Deng
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yijie Zheng
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Biotherapy Research Centre, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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The bullseye synapse formed between CD4+ T-cell and staphylococcal enterotoxin B-pulsed dendritic cell is a suppressive synapse in T-cell response. Immunol Cell Biol 2014; 93:99-110. [PMID: 25287444 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The immunological synapse (IS) is a supermolecular activation cluster formed between T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Although diverse IS structures have been reported, the function of the IS in T-cell activation remains unclear. Here, we found that the bullseye IS, one of IS types at the interface of CD4(+) T cells and staphylococcal enterotoxin B-pulsed dendritic cells, suppressed CD4(+) T-cell activation, whereas multifocal IS, another synapse type, stimulated CD4(+) T-cell activation. Consistent with these results, bullseye IS formation was accompanied by a low-level calcium response in T cells and a loss of T-cell receptor signalling molecules from the synapse, whereas multifocal IS exhibited the opposite. Furthermore, we found that CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (T(regs)) more efficiently formed bullseye IS and promoted bullseye IS formation in CD4(+) CD25(-) T cells. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), an inhibitory molecule expressed continuously on T(regs), was localised in bullseye IS. Moreover, blocking CTLA-4 reduced the percentage of bullseye IS formation and promoted T-cell activation. Our data thus indicate that bullseye IS formation is mediated by CTLA-4, and may negatively control T-cell activation as a suppressive synapse.
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Uzhachenko R, Ivanov SV, Yarbrough WG, Shanker A, Medzhitov R, Ivanova AV. Fus1/Tusc2 is a novel regulator of mitochondrial calcium handling, Ca2+-coupled mitochondrial processes, and Ca2+-dependent NFAT and NF-κB pathways in CD4+ T cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1533-47. [PMID: 24328503 PMCID: PMC3942676 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Fus1 has been established as mitochondrial tumor suppressor, immunomodulator, and antioxidant protein, but molecular mechanism of these activities remained to be identified. Based on putative calcium-binding and myristoyl-binding domains that we identified in Fus1, we explored our hypothesis that Fus1 regulates mitochondrial calcium handling and calcium-coupled processes. RESULTS Fus1 loss resulted in reduced rate of mitochondrial calcium uptake in calcium-loaded epithelial cells, splenocytes, and activated CD4(+) T cells. The reduced rate of mitochondrial calcium uptake in Fus1-deficient cells correlated with cytosolic calcium increase and dysregulation of calcium-coupled mitochondrial parameters, such as reactive oxygen species production, ΔμH(+), mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and GSH content. Inhibition of calcium efflux via mitochondria, Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger significantly improved the mitochondrial calcium uptake in Fus1(-/-) cells. Ex vivo analysis of activated CD4(+) T cells showed Fus1-dependent changes in calcium-regulated processes, such as surface expression of CD4 and PD1/PD-L1, proliferation, and Th polarization. Fus1(-/-) T cells showed increased basal expression of calcium-dependent NF-κB and NFAT targets but were unable to fully activate these pathways after stimulation. INNOVATION Our results establish Fus1 as one of the few identified regulators of mitochondrial calcium handling. Our data support the idea that alterations in mitochondrial calcium dynamics could lead to the disruption of metabolic coupling in mitochondria that, in turn, may result in multiple cellular and systemic abnormalities. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that Fus1 achieves its protective role in inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer via the regulation of mitochondrial calcium and calcium-coupled parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Uzhachenko
- 1 Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, VICC, Meharry Medical College , Nashville, Tennessee
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Hoth M, Niemeyer BA. The neglected CRAC proteins: Orai2, Orai3, and STIM2. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2014; 71:237-71. [PMID: 23890118 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407870-3.00010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-membrane-localized Orai1 ion channel subunits interacting with ER-localized STIM1 molecules comprise the major subunit composition responsible for calcium release-activated calcium channels. STIM1 "translates" the Ca(2+) store content into Orai1 activity, making it a store-operated channel. Surprisingly, in addition to being the physical activator, STIM1 also modulates Orai1 properties, including its inactivation and permeation (see Chapter 1). STIM1 is thus more than a pure Orai1 activator. Within the past 7 years following the discovery of STIM and Orai proteins, the molecular mechanisms of STIM1/Orai1 activity and their functional importance have been studied in great detail. Much less is currently known about the other isoforms STIM2, Orai2, and Orai3. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge about STIM2, Orai2, and Orai3 properties and function. Are these homologues mainly modulators of predominantly STIM1/Orai1-mediated complexes or do store-dependent or -independent functions such as regulation of basal Ca(2+) concentration and activation of Orai3-containing complexes by arachidonic acid or by estrogen receptors point toward their "true" physiological function? Is Orai2 the Orai1 of neurons? A major focus of the review is on the functional relevance of STIM2, Orai2, and Orai3, some of which still remains speculative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hoth
- Department of Biophysics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Witsenburg JJ, Glauner H, Müller JP, Groenewoud JMM, Roth G, Böhmer FD, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Brock R. A quantitative assessment of costimulation and phosphatase activity on microclusters in early T cell signaling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79277. [PMID: 24205378 PMCID: PMC3813591 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell signaling is triggered through stimulation of the T cell receptor and costimulatory receptors. Receptor activation leads to the formation of membrane-proximal protein microclusters. These clusters undergo tyrosine phosphorylation and organize multiprotein complexes thereby acting as molecular signaling platforms. Little is known about how the quantity and phosphorylation levels of microclusters are affected by costimulatory signals and the activity of specific signaling proteins. We combined micrometer-sized, microcontact printed, striped patterns of different stimuli and simultaneous analysis of different cell strains with image processing protocols to address this problem. First, we validated the stimulation protocol by showing that high expression levels CD28 result in increased cell spreading. Subsequently, we addressed the role of costimulation and a specific phosphotyrosine phosphatase in cluster formation by including a SHP2 knock-down strain in our system. Distinguishing cell strains using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester enabled a comparison within single samples. SHP2 exerted its effect by lowering phosphorylation levels of individual clusters while CD28 costimulation mainly increased the number of signaling clusters and cell spreading. These effects were observed for general tyrosine phosphorylation of clusters and for phosphorylated PLCγ1. Our analysis enables a clear distinction between factors determining the number of microclusters and those that act on these signaling platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Joris Witsenburg
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heike Glauner
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg P. Müller
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes M. M. Groenewoud
- Department of Medical Technology Assessment, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Günter Roth
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Merel J. W. Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Salles A, Billaudeau C, Sergé A, Bernard AM, Phélipot MC, Bertaux N, Fallet M, Grenot P, Marguet D, He HT, Hamon Y. Barcoding T cell calcium response diversity with methods for automated and accurate analysis of cell signals (MAAACS). PLoS Comput Biol 2013; 9:e1003245. [PMID: 24086124 PMCID: PMC3784497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a series of experimental procedures enabling sensitive calcium monitoring in T cell populations by confocal video-microscopy. Tracking and post-acquisition analysis was performed using Methods for Automated and Accurate Analysis of Cell Signals (MAAACS), a fully customized program that associates a high throughput tracking algorithm, an intuitive reconnection routine and a statistical platform to provide, at a glance, the calcium barcode of a population of individual T-cells. Combined with a sensitive calcium probe, this method allowed us to unravel the heterogeneity in shape and intensity of the calcium response in T cell populations and especially in naive T cells, which display intracellular calcium oscillations upon stimulation by antigen presenting cells. The adaptive immune response to pathogen invasion requires the stimulation of lymphocytes by antigen-presenting cells. We hypothesized that investigating the dynamics of the T lymphocyte activation by monitoring intracellular calcium fluctuations might help explain the high specificity and selectivity of this phenomenon. However, the quantitative and exhaustive analysis of calcium fluctuations by video microscopy in the context of cell-to-cell contact is a tough challenge. To tackle this, we developed a complete solution named MAAACS (Methods for Automated and Accurate Analysis of Cell Signals), in order to automate the detection, cell tracking, raw data ordering and analysis of calcium signals. Our algorithm revealed that, when in contact with antigen-presenting cells, T lymphocytes generate oscillating calcium signals and not a massive and sustained calcium response as was originally thought. We anticipate our approach providing many more new insights into the molecular mechanisms triggering adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Salles
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Cyrille Billaudeau
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Arnauld Sergé
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
- * E-mail: (AS); (YH)
| | - Anne-Marie Bernard
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Claire Phélipot
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Bertaux
- Institut Fresnel, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7249, Marseille, France
- École Centrale Marseille, Technopôle de Château-Gombert, Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Fallet
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Grenot
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Marguet
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Hai-Tao He
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Hamon
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML), Aix-Marseille University, UM2, Marseille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U1104, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7280, Marseille, France
- * E-mail: (AS); (YH)
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Lichtenfels R, Rappl G, Hombach AA, Recktenwald CV, Dressler SP, Abken H, Seliger B. A proteomic view at T cell costimulation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32994. [PMID: 22539942 PMCID: PMC3335147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The "two-signal paradigm" in T cell activation predicts that the cooperation of "signal 1," provided by the T cell receptor (TCR) through engagement of major histocompatility complex (MHC)-presented peptide, with "signal 2″ provided by costimulatory molecules, the prototype of which is CD28, is required to induce T cell effector functions. While the individual signalling pathways are well understood, little is known about global changes in the proteome pattern during TCR/CD28-mediated activation. Therefore, comparative 2-DE-based proteome analyses of CD3(+) CD69(-) resting T cells versus cells incubated with (i) the agonistic anti-CD3 antibody OKT3 mimicking signal 1 in absence or presence of IL-2 and/or with (ii) the agonistic antibody 15E8 triggering CD28-mediated signaling were performed. Differentially regulated spots were defined leading to the identification of proteins involved in the regulation of the metabolism, shaping and maintenance of the cytoskeleton and signal transduction. Representative members of the differentially expressed protein families, such as calmodulin (CALM), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (GDIR2), and platelet basic protein (CXCL7), were independently verified by flow cytometry. Data provide a detailed map of individual protein alterations at the global proteome level in response to TCR/CD28-mediated T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Lichtenfels
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Gunter Rappl
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Tumor Genetics Section, Clinic I Internal Medicine, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas A. Hombach
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Tumor Genetics Section, Clinic I Internal Medicine, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Sven P. Dressler
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Hinrich Abken
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Tumor Genetics Section, Clinic I Internal Medicine, University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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López E, Salido GM, Rosado JA, Berna-Erro A. Unraveling STIM2 function. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68:619-33. [PMID: 22477146 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-012-0163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of molecular players in capacitative calcium (Ca(2+)) entry, also referred to as store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), supposed a great advance in the knowledge of cellular mechanisms of Ca(2+) entry, which are essential for a broad range of cellular functions. The identification of STIM1 and STIM2 proteins as the sensors of Ca(2+) stored in the endoplasmic reticulum unraveled the mechanism by which depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores is communicated to store-operated Ca(2+) channels located in the plasma membrane, triggering the activation of SOCE and intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent signaling cascades. Initial studies suggested a dominant function of STIM1 in SOCE and SOCE-dependent cellular functions compared to STIM2, especially those that participate in immune responses. Consequently, most of the subsequent studies focused on STIM1. However, during the last years, STIM2 has been demonstrated to play a more relevant and complex function than initially reported, being even important to sustain normal life in mice. These studies have led to reconsider the role of STIM2 in SOCE and its relevance in cellular physiology. This review is intended to summarize and provide an overview of the current data available about this exciting isoform, STIM2, and its actual position together with STIM1 in the mechanism of SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther López
- Department of Physiology (Cellular Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Av. Universidad s/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
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ORAI-mediated calcium influx in T cell proliferation, apoptosis and tolerance. Cell Calcium 2011; 50:261-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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