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Fel B, Baudouin A, Fache F, Czarnes S, Lebot V, Legendre L. Caryatin and 3’-O-methylcaryatin contents in edible yams (Dioscorea spp.). J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Tuersuntuoheti T, Wang Z, Duan M, Asimi S, Ren X, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Wu Y, Liang S, Zhang M. Noodle processing, storage time and cooking affect the antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds content of Qingke barley noodles. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuohetisayipu Tuersuntuoheti
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Mengjie Duan
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Sailimuhan Asimi
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Xin Ren
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yan Wu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Shan Liang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China
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Empirical Kinetic Modelling of the Effect of l-Ascorbic Acid on the Cu(II)-Induced Oxidation of Quercetin. CHEMENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering2040046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the effect of l-ascorbic acid on the Cu2+-induced oxidation of quercetin, within a pH range from 6.7 to 8.3 and temperatures varying from 53 to 87 °C. Initial examinations showed that quercetin degradation obeyed apparent first-order kinetics and it was significantly affected by temperature. Modelling of the effect of l-ascorbic acid by implementing response surface methodology suggested that l-ascorbic acid did not impact quercetin oxidation significantly (p < 0.05) and led to an empirical kinetic model based on temperature (T) and pH. Liquid chromatography–diode array–mass spectrometry analyses revealed the presence of typical quercetin degradation and oxidation products, including protocatechuic acid and 2-(hydroxybenzoyl)-2-hydroxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one. It was concluded that the formation of l-ascorbyl or other radicals (superoxide anion) may be involved in quercetin oxidation and this fact merits further attention to illuminate the possible beneficial or adverse nutritional consequences of such reactions in foods.
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Hayat I, Ahmad A, Masud T, Ahmed A, Bashir S. Nutritional and health perspectives of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:580-92. [PMID: 24261533 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.596639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Beans, the variants of Phaseolus vulagris, are nutritionally and economically important food crop in each part of the world. Besides providing nutrients such as multifaceted carbohydrates, elevated proteins, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins, these also contain rich variety of polyphenolic compounds with prospective health benefits. This review mainly focuses the important nutritional aspects of beans as well as their contribution in decreasing the risks of chronically degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Hayat
- a Department of Food Technology , University of Poonch Rawalakot 12350 , Azad Kashmir , Pakistan
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Jakhar R, Paul S, Park YR, Han J, Kang SC. 3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone, a quercetin derivative protects DNA from oxidative challenges: potential mechanism of action. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 131:96-103. [PMID: 24514458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
DNA protection is one of the most important strategies in cancer therapy. Since quercetin and its derivatives are found to be potent antioxidant agents, they are able to scavenge radicals significantly. Therefore, we focused on the DNA protection activity of 3,5,7,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone (PMF), a quercetin derivative isolated from Kaemperia parviflora. Although, PMF was found to be a very poor antioxidant compound, still it could remarkably protect DNA from oxidative damage. DNA binding assay showed that PMF bound to the minor groove of DNA, which suggests a possible mechanism for its DNA protective effects. Cellular toxicity assay on RAW 264.7 macrophages showed this compound is very safe for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Jakhar
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyongsan, Kyongbok 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Souren Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyongsan, Kyongbok 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Rong Park
- Metalloenzyme Research Group and School of Biological Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehong Han
- Metalloenzyme Research Group and School of Biological Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyongsan, Kyongbok 712-714, Republic of Korea.
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Azuma K, Minami Y, Ippoushi K, Terao J. Lowering effects of onion intake on oxidative stress biomarkers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 40:131-40. [PMID: 18188415 PMCID: PMC2127222 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.40.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of onion against oxidative stress in streptozotosin-induced diabetic rats was investigated in comparison with that of quercetin aglycone. We measured oxidative stress biomarkers involving the susceptibility of the plasma against copper ion-induced lipid peroxidation, which was estimated by the amounts of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides, and urine TBARS and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine contents. After the 12-week feeding period, plasma glucose levels and these biomarkers increased in diabetic rats compared to normal rats. In diabetic rats fed a 6.0% onion diet (quercetin equivalent: 0.023%), quercetin metabolites accumulated in the plasma at concentrations of approximately 35 microM. Onion intake decreased plasma glucose levels and lowered the oxidative stress biomarkers. On the other hand, quercetin metabolites in the plasma of rats fed a diet with 0.023% quercetin aglycone were found at lower concentrations (14.2 microM) than the rats fed the onion diet. Furthermore, oxidative stress biomarkers were higher in the quercetin diet group compared to the onion diet group. These results strongly suggest that onion intake suppresses diabetes-induced oxidative stress more effectively than the intake of the same amount of quercetin aglycone alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Azuma
- National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 360, Kusawa, Ano-cho, Tsu, Mie 514-2392, Japan
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HARPER KA, MORTON AD, ROLFE EJ. The phenolic compounds of blackcurrant juice and their protective effect on ascorbic acid. Int J Food Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb01521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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CLEGG KMARY, MORTON AD. The phenolic compounds of blackcurrant juice and their protective effect on ascorbic acid. Int J Food Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1968.tb01465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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O'Leary KA, de Pascual-Teresa S, de Pascual-Tereasa S, Needs PW, Bao YP, O'Brien NM, Williamson G. Effect of flavonoids and vitamin E on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) transcription. Mutat Res 2004; 551:245-54. [PMID: 15225597 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2003] [Revised: 01/27/2004] [Accepted: 01/27/2004] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-catalysed synthesis of prostaglandin E2 plays a key role in inflammation and its associated diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. There are numerous reports demonstrating that flavonoids inhibit COX-2 activity. However, transcriptional regulation of COX-2 can also be important. Nobiletin, amentoflavone, quercetin, quercetin penta-acetate, flavone, resveratrol, apigenin, chrysin, kaempferol, galangin, and genistein have been reported to modulate COX-2 transcription in a wide variety of systems. Here, we briefly review the literature on regulation of COX-2 transcription by flavonoids, and report some new preliminary data on Vitamin E and quercetin conjugates. Quercetin, quercetin 3-glucuronide, quercetin 3'-sulfate and 3'methylquercetin 3-glucuronide reduced COX-2 mRNA expression in both unstimulated and interleukin-1beta stimulated colon cancer (Caco2) cells. Quercetin and quercetin 3'-sulfate, unlike quercetin 3-glucuronide and 3'methylquercetin 3-glucuronide, also inhibited COX-2 activity. In contrast, tocopherols (alpha-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol acetate, and gamma-tocopherol at 10microM) did not affect COX-2 mRNA expression in unstimulated Caco2 cells. However, the tocopherols inhibited COX-2 activity showing that the tocopherols act post-transcriptionally on activity, whereas quercetin and some quercetin conjugates affect both the transcription and activity of COX-2. Flavonoid modulation of COX-2 transcription may therefore be an important mechanism in anti-carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A O'Leary
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK
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Takizawa S, Fukuyama N, Hirabayashi H, Kohara S, Kazahari S, Shinohara Y, Nakazawa H. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, attenuates vacuolar formation in the optic tract in rat chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model. Brain Res 2003; 980:156-60. [PMID: 12865172 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that the intake of flavonoids is inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular diseases and stroke, but there is no evidence showing the effect of flavonoids on vascular dementia. Because quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is known to scavenge free radicals, we investigated whether quercetin attenuates white matter damage in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, as a model of vascular dementia. Chronic hypoperfusion was induced by ligation of the bilateral carotid arteries in male Wistar rats, which received vehicle alone, 100 mg/kg quercetin, or 200 mg/kg quercetin intraperitoneally at 4-day intervals for 8 weeks after operation. Sham-operated rats were also studied. The area of vacuoles in the optic tract observed after hematoxylin and eosin staining was significantly reduced in the 200 mg/kg quercetin-treated hypoperfusion group versus the vehicle-treated hypoperfusion group (1.7+/-0.2% versus 3.9+/-0.3%; P<0.05). The present results are consistent with the idea that chronic treatment with quercetin could be protective against at least a part of ischemic white matter damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Takizawa
- Department of Neurology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Bohseidai, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
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11
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Spectrophotometric measurement of antioxidant properties of flavones and flavonols against superoxide anion. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00717-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kawagoe M, Nakagawa K. Attenuation of luminol-amplified chemiluminescent intensity and lipid peroxidation in the livers of quercetin-fed mice. Toxicol Lett 2000; 114:189-96. [PMID: 10713484 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00296-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the antioxidative effects of quercetin-feeding on ddY strain male mice by measuring luminol-amplified chemiluminescence that was enhanced by a hydrophilic free radical initiator 2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride. Quercetin suppressed chemiluminescent intensity in a dose-dependent manner in vitro with a half-inhibition concentration (IC(50)) of 3x10(-8) M, which was lower than the value of synthetic antioxidant 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (IC(50): 7x10(-7) M). Lysosomal (12000xg pellet) and supernatant fractions obtained from the livers of mice fed a diet containing 0.2% quercetin for 7 days showed more inhibition of chemiluminescent intensity than those from non-treated mice. Quercetin feeding also resulted in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation as determined by a thiobarbituric acid reactive substance test which detected suppression of the release of lysosomal enzymes induced by lipophilic free radical initiator 2, 2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile). These results probably reflect radical quenching activity of quercetin, indicating that the measurement of chemiluminescence is a useful tool for the assessment of total antioxidant activity in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawagoe
- Department of Food Science, Kyoto Women's University, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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13
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Antiulcer and Gastroprotective Activity of Flavonic Compounds: Mechanisms Involved. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
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14
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Stefani ED, Boffetta P, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Mendilaharsu M, Carzoglio JC, Ronco A, Olivera L. Dietary antioxidants and lung cancer risk: a case-control study in Uruguay. Nutr Cancer 1999; 34:100-10. [PMID: 10453448 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc340114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
To examine the protective role of dietary antioxidants (carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione, and flavonoids) in lung cancer risk, a case-control study involving 541 cases of lung cancer and 540 hospitalized controls was carried out in Uruguay. The relevant variables were energy adjusted using the residuals method and then categorized in quartiles. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for antioxidants were calculated through unconditional logistic regression. With the exception of lycopene and vitamin C, the remaining antioxidants were associated with significant reductions in risk of lung cancer. Of particular interest was the inverse association between dietary glutathione and lung cancer [OR of quartile with highest intake compared with lowest quartile = 0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.27-0.63]. Also, carotenoids and vitamin E were associated with significant reductions in risk of lung cancer (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.29-0.64 for total carotenoids and OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.39-0.85 for vitamin E). A joint effect for high vs. low intakes of beta-carotene and glutathione was associated with a significant reduction in risk (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.22-0.46). It could be concluded that dietary antioxidants are associated with a significant protective effect in lung carcinogenesis and that the inverse association for glutathione persisted after controlling for total vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Stefani
- Registro Nacional de Cancer, Montevideo, Uruguay
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16
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Shimoi K, Masuda S, Shen B, Furugori M, Kinae N. Radioprotective effects of antioxidative plant flavonoids in mice. Mutat Res 1996; 350:153-61. [PMID: 8657176 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Radioprotective effects of tea infusions and plant flavonoids were investigated by using the micronucleus test for anticlastogenic activity and the thiobarbituric acid assay for antioxidative activity. A single gastric intubation of rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis) infusion at 1 ml per mouse 2 h prior to gama-ray irradiation (1.5 Gy) reduced the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes (MNRETs). After the fractionation of rooibos tea infusion, the flavonoid fraction was found to be most anticlastogenic and antioxidative. From this fraction, luteolin was isolated as an effective component. Then, anticlastogenic effects of 12 flavonoids containing luteolin and their antioxidative activities against lipid peroxidation by Fenton's reagent were examined. A good correlation (r=0.717) was observed between both activities. Luteolin showed the most effective potency. A gastric intubation of luteolin (10 micromoles/kg) 2 h prior to gamma-ray irradiation (6 Gy) suppressed lipid peroxidation in mouse bone marrow and spleen and a trend of protective effect of luteolin against the decrease of endogenous ascorbic acid in mouse bone marrow after gamma-ray irradiation (3 Gy) was observed. These results suggest that plant flavonoids, which show antioxidative potency in vitro, work as antioxidants in vivo and their radioprotective effects may be attributed to their scavenging potency towards free radicals such as hydroxyl radicals. Therefore, the flavonoids contained in tea, vegetables and fruits seem to be important as antioxidants in the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Shimoi
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan
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17
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Elangovan V, Sekar N, Govindasamy S. Chemopreventive potential of dietary bioflavonoids against 20-methylcholanthrene-induced tumorigenesis. Cancer Lett 1994; 87:107-13. [PMID: 7954363 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(94)90416-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The effect of dietary supplementation of flavonoidal compounds such as quercetin, rutin, luteolin and (+)-catechin on the incidence of fibrosarcoma induced by 20-methylcholanthrene (20-MC) in male Swiss albino mice was observed. Subcutaneous injection of 20-MC produced 100% tumor incidence and the onset of tumor appeared within 7 weeks, while flavonoid-treated mice (1% quercetin- and luteolin-mixed diets) produced tumors in the 9th week, and the tumor incidences in mice treated with quercetin- and luteolin-mixed diets were 52% and 60%, respectively. Subcutaneous administration of 20-MC along with the flavonoidal compounds (quercetin, luteolin) was found to have significant effect on tumor expression. The compounds rutin and (+)-catechin did not influence tumor expression in both experiments. Elevated levels of lipid peroxides, cytochrome P450 and decreased activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were observed in the tumor bearing animals. Test-diet-treated animals showed reduction in the lipid peroxides and cytochrome P450, and increased activity of GST (P < 0.001). In vitro [3H]thymidine incorporation showed the inhibition of DNA synthesis in fibrosarcoma cells by the flavonoids. The possible mode of action of the flavonoidal compounds may be through their influence on the initiation and promotion phases of the carcinogenic process coupled with enhancement of the detoxification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Elangovan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, India
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THEERAKULKAIT CHOCKCHAI, BARRETT DIANEM. PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SWEET CORN GERM LIPOXYGENASE. J Food Biochem 1994. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.1994.tb00509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tournaire C, Hocquaux M, Beck I, Oliveros E, Maurette MT. Activité anti-oxydante de flavonoïdes réactivitë avec le superoxyde de potassium en phase hétérogène. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kandaswami C, Middleton E. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of plant flavonoids. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1994; 366:351-76. [PMID: 7771265 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1833-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Kandaswami
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo 14203, USA
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Tournaire C, Croux S, Maurette MT, Beck I, Hocquaux M, Braun AM, Oliveros E. Antioxidant activity of flavonoids: efficiency of singlet oxygen (1 delta g) quenching. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 1993; 19:205-15. [PMID: 8229463 DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(93)87086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids, polyphenolic pigments widely present in plants, have been reported to act as scavengers of various oxidizing species. However, most often an overall antioxidant effect was measured. In this paper we report the results of a systematic study of the reactivity of 13 selected flavonoids (from the flavonol, flavone, flavanone and flavane families) with singlet oxygen (1O2(1 delta g)) in order to establish a structure-activity relationship. The rate constants of the chemical reaction of these flavonoids with 1O2(k r) and their rate constants of 1O2 physical quenching (kq) have been determined by kinetic measurements and near-IR singlet oxygen luminescence. The efficiency of the physical quenching is mainly controlled by the presence of a catechol moiety on ring B, whereas the structure of ring C (particularly the presence of a hydroxyl group activating the double bond) is the main factor determining the efficiency of the chemical reactivity of these compounds with 1O2. The total reactivity factor determining the efficiency of the chemical reactivity of these compounds with 1O2. The total reactivity scale is dominated by kq, which is in general higher than kr. (+)-Catechin is the most efficient quencher of the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tournaire
- Laboratorire IMRCP, UA au CNRS 470, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Morel I, Lescoat G, Cogrel P, Sergent O, Pasdeloup N, Brissot P, Cillard P, Cillard J. Antioxidant and iron-chelating activities of the flavonoids catechin, quercetin and diosmetin on iron-loaded rat hepatocyte cultures. Biochem Pharmacol 1993; 45:13-9. [PMID: 8424806 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(93)90371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The cytoprotective effect of three flavonoids, catechin, quercetin and diosmetin, was investigated on iron-loaded hepatocyte cultures, considering two parameters: the prevention of iron-increased lipid peroxidation and the inhibition of intracellular enzyme release. These two criteria of cytoprotection allowed the calculation of mean inhibitory concentrations (IC50) which revealed that the effectiveness of these flavonoids could be classified as follows: catechin > quercetin > diosmetin. These IC50 values have been related to structural characteristics of the flavonoids tested. Moreover, the investigation of the capacity of these flavonoids to remove iron from iron-loaded hepatocytes revealed a good relationship between this iron-chelating ability and the cytoprotective effect. The cytoprotective activity of catechin, quercetin and diosmetin could thus be ascribed to their widely known antiradical property but also to their iron-chelating effectiveness. These findings increase further the prospects for the development and clinical application of these potent antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Morel
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Rennes, France
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Hertog MG, Hollman PC, Katan MB, Kromhout D. Intake of potentially anticarcinogenic flavonoids and their determinants in adults in The Netherlands. Nutr Cancer 1993; 20:21-9. [PMID: 8415127 DOI: 10.1080/01635589309514267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 748] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are strong antioxidants that occur naturally in foods and can inhibit carcinogenesis in rodents. Accurate data on population-wide intakes of flavonoids are not available. Here, using data of the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 1987-1988, we report the intake of the potentially anticarcinogenic flavonoids quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, apigenin, and luteolin among 4,112 adults. The flavonoid content of vegetables, fruits, and beverages was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. In all subjects, average intake of all flavonoids combined was 23 mg/day. The most important flavonoid was the flavonol quercetin (mean intake 16 mg/day). The most important sources of flavonoids were tea (48% of total intake), onions (29%), and apples (7%). Flavonoid intake did not vary between seasons; it was not correlated with total energy intake (r = 0.001), and it was only weakly correlated with the intake of vitamin A (retinol equivalents, r = 0.14), dietary fiber (r = 0.21), and vitamin C (r = 0.26). Our use of new analytic technology suggests that in the past flavonoid intake has been overestimated fivefold. However, on a milligram-per-day basis, the intake of the antioxidant flavonoids still exceeded that of the antioxidants beta-carotene and vitamin E. Thus flavonoids represent an important source of antioxidants in the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Hertog
- DLO-State Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products (RIKILT-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Jan CY, Takahama U, Kimura M. Inhibition of photooxidation of alpha-tocopherol by quercetin in human blood cell membranes in the presence of hematoporphyrin as a photosensitizer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1086:7-14. [PMID: 1954246 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(91)90148-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photooxidation of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TH) and photoperoxidation of lipids in blood cell membranes in the presence of hematoporphyrin (HP) as a photosensitizer were inhibited by quercetin. Half maximal inhibition for the photooxidation of alpha-TH was obtained at about 0.3 mM quercetin and that for the lipid photoperoxidation at about 1.5 microM quercetin. The difference of the half maximal inhibition may be due to the difference of mechanism of the inhibition between the two reactions. O2- and H2O2 hardly participated in the photooxidation of alpha-TH and 1O2 participated in the photooxidation only partially (about 5%). The electron transfer reaction from alpha-TH to excited HP was indicated by measuring ferricyanide photoreduction in the suspensions of alpha-TH in PBS solution in the presence of HP. The photooxidation of alpha-TH in PBS solution was inhibited by quercetin and vice versa. In the presence of linoleic acid in PBS solution, quercetin inhibited the photooxidation of alpha-TH and alpha-TH stimulated the photooxidation of quercetin. Based on the above data, as possible mechanisms of the inhibition of photooxidation of alpha-TH in blood cell membranes by quercetin, competition of quercetin with alpha-TH for excited HP and for radicals generated during lipid peroxidation and reduction of oxidized alpha-TH by quercetin are proposed. The antioxidative function of quercetin was enhanced by ascorbate even under conditions in which ascorbate functioned as a prooxidant when it was added alone. The enhancement is attributed to the functions of ascorbate to reduce the oxidized quercetin and of quercetin to inhibit ascorbate photooxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Jan
- Department of Pedodontics, Kyushu Denatal College, Kitakyushu, Japan
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25
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HEMEDA H, KLEIN B. Inactivation and Regeneration of Peroxidase Activity in Vegetable Extracts Treated with Antioxidants. J Food Sci 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1991.tb07977.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Abstract
The superoxide anions scavenging activity and antioxidation of seven flavonoids--quercetin, rutin, morin, acacetin, hispidulin, hesperidin, and naringin--were studied. The superoxide anions were generated in a phenazin methosulphate-NADH system and were assayed by reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium. The scavenging activity ranked: rutin was the strongest, and quercetin and naringin the second, while morin and hispidulin were very weak. The concentration values yielding 50% inhibition of lipid peroxidation in mouse liver homogenate were in order of 10(-6) M for quercetin, rutin, and morin; and of 10(-5) M for acacetin and hispidulin, while naringin and hesperidin had no antioxidative action. In comparison with the antioxidative and scavenging activities of flavonoids, there are no correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chen
- Department of Biology, Lanzhou University, Gansu Province, China
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27
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HEMEDA H, KLEIN B. Effects of Naturally Occurring Antioxidants on Peroxidase Activity of Vegetable Extracts. J Food Sci 1990. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb06048.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- M Namiki
- Department of Brewing and Fermentation, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Japan
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29
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Hsieh RJ, Kinsella JE. Oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids: mechanisms, products, and inhibition with emphasis on fish. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 1989; 33:233-341. [PMID: 2697233 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-4526(08)60129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R J Hsieh
- Campbell Institute for Research and Technology, Campbell Soup Company, Camden, New Jersey 08103
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30
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Sorata Y, Takahama U, Kimura M. Cooperation of quercetin with ascorbate in the protection of photosensitized lysis of human erythrocytes in the presence of hematoporphyrin. Photochem Photobiol 1988; 48:195-9. [PMID: 3222330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1988.tb02806.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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31
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Hodnick WF, Milosavljević EB, Nelson JH, Pardini RS. Electrochemistry of flavonoids. Relationships between redox potentials, inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, and production of oxygen radicals by flavonoids. Biochem Pharmacol 1988; 37:2607-11. [PMID: 3390220 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the redox behavior of a series of structurally related flavonoids employing cyclic voltammetry under physiological conditions. The flavonoids that auto-oxidized and produced oxygen radicals had oxidation potentials (E 1/2) significantly lower [-30 to +60 mV vs (SCE)] than those that did not undergo auto-oxidation (+130 to +340 mV vs SCE). The range of E 1/2 values for the auto-oxidizable flavonoids was comparable to the E 1/2 range reported for the optimum quinone induced production of superoxide (O2 pi) in mitochondrial NADH-CoQ reductase (complex I). The most potent flavonoid inhibitors of mitochondrial succinate-CoQ reductase (complex II) possessed hydroxyl configurations capable of supporting redox reactions. For a series of 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavones that differed by b-ring hydroxylation it was found that decreasing E 1/2 of the flavonoids was associated with decreasing I50 values towards succinoxidase. These findings suggest that the electrochemical properties of the flavonoids may contribute to their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Hodnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada-Reno 89557
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32
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Pincemail J, Deby C, Thirion A, de Bruyn-Dister M, Goutier R. Human myeloperoxidase activity is inhibited in vitro by quercetin. Comparison with three related compounds. EXPERIENTIA 1988; 44:450-3. [PMID: 2836234 DOI: 10.1007/bf01940544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is an effective inhibitor of human myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, both with purified enzyme (IC50 = 3.5 microM) and in a system using stimulated human neutrophils. Quercetin is significantly more potent than three other related compounds (rutin, rutin sulfate and troxerutin) and than methimazole, a previously-known myeloperoxidase inhibitor. The inhibitory activity of quercetin is of the competitive type. Moreover, quercetin is directly able to scavenge hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a chlorinated species generated by the MPO/H2O2/Cl- system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pincemail
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Radiobiologie, Université de Liège, Belgium
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33
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Ratty AK, Das NP. Effects of flavonoids on nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation: structure-activity relationship. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC BIOLOGY 1988; 39:69-79. [PMID: 3355718 DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(88)90060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The in vitro effects of several flavonoids on nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation in the rat brain mitochondria was studied. The lipid peroxidation was indexed by measuring the MDA production using the 2-thiobarbituric acid TBA test. The flavonoids, apigenin, flavone, flavanone, hesperidin, naringin, and tangeretin promoted the ascorbic acid-induced lipid peroxidation, the extent of which depended upon the concentration of the flavonoid and ascorbic acid. The other flavonoids studied, viz., quercetin, quercetrin, rutin, taxifolin, myricetin, myricetrin, phloretin, phloridzin, diosmetin, diosmin, apiin, hesperetin, naringenin, (+)-catechin, morin, fisetin, chrysin, and 3-hydroxyflavone, all showed varying extents of inhibition of the nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation, induced by either ascorbic acid or ferrous sulfate. The flavonoid aglycones were more potent in their antiperoxidative action than their corresponding glycosides. Structure-activity analysis revealed that the flavonoid molecule with polyhydroxylated substitutions on rings A and B, a 2,3-double bond, a free 3-hydroxyl substitution and a 4-keto moiety, would confer upon the compound potent antiperoxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Ratty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore
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34
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Affany A, Salvayre R, Douste-Blazy L. Comparison of the protective effect of various flavonoids against lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte membranes (induced by cumene hydroperoxide). Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1987; 1:451-7. [PMID: 3447932 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.1987.tb00578.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An experimental model system was designed to test the antioxidant effects of various pharmacologic compounds. Cumene hydroperoxide induces in vitro the peroxidation of erythrocyte membrane and the subsequent formation of malonaldehyde and fluorescent lipid-soluble products. The protective effect of various flavonoids was compared to that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Protective effect was evaluated by the inhibition of peroxidation product formation. In this experimental system, quercetin and catechin showed a protective effect against lipid peroxidation as high as that of BHT. Morin, rutin, trihydroxyethylrutin, and naringin were active but to a lesser degree, whereas flavone was devoid of antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Affany
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, Toulouse, France
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35
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Bors W, Saran M. Radical scavenging by flavonoid antioxidants. FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1987; 2:289-94. [PMID: 3504810 DOI: 10.3109/10715768709065294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aroxyl radicals of fifteen structurally distinct flavonoids were generated by attack of azide radicals (N3.) on the parent compounds dissolved in aqueous solution at pH 11.5. Generation rate constants were all found to be very high (2.4-8.8 x 10(9) dm3mol-1 s-1), whereas the decay rates differed considerably, ranging from 10(5) to 10(8) dm3mol-1 s-1. In most cases the spectral characteristics of the transient aroxyl radicals relate to structural features of the parent compounds and according to spectral similarities they can be classed in three distinct groups (with only two exceptions). Although the data do not conclusively prove that the biological function of flavonoids might be the scavenging of radicals, the very high rate constants of formation and the relative stability of some of the aroxyl radicals, are in support of such a hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bors
- GSF Forschungszentrum, Institut für Strahlenbiologie, Neuherberg, F.R.G
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36
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Takahama U. Spectrophotometric study on the oxidation of rutin by horseradish peroxidase and characteristics of the oxidized products. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1986; 882:445-51. [PMID: 3730422 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(86)90269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rutin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone-3-rutinoside) was oxidized by a horseradish peroxidase-H2O2 system to an ascorbate-reducible product which had an absorption maximum at about 290 nm and a shoulder at about 440 nm at pH 4. At pH 7.8, ascorbate-reducible compounds and sodium hydrosulfite-reducible and -nonreducible compounds were formed by the oxidation. The ascorbate-reducible compounds consisted of at least two components, the absorption bands of which were at 460-480 nm and about 620 nm. The sodium hydrosulfite-reducible compounds also consisted of two components, and one of the components which had an absorption maximum at about 480 nm seems to be formed from the ascorbate-reducible component of an absorption maximum at the blue region by a nonenzymatic reaction. A mixture of oxidized products of rutin formed by tert-butyl hydroperoxide-dependent oxidation was similar to that formed by the enzymatic reaction. It is discussed that the 3'- and 4'-OH groups of rutin were oxidized by the horseradish peroxidase-H2O2 system and that the oxidized product which could be reduced by ascorbate is an o-quinone derivative.
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37
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Maridonneau-Parini I, Braquet P, Garay RP. Heterogeneous effect of flavonoids on K+ loss and lipid peroxidation induced by oxygen-free radicals in human red cells. PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1986; 18:61-72. [PMID: 3006093 DOI: 10.1016/0031-6989(86)90159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of fresh erythrocytes with phenazine methosulfate, an intracellular generator of oxygen-free radicals, and diethyldithiocarbamate an inhibitor of superoxide dismutase results in membrane damage consisting in lipid peroxidation and increase in passive K+ permeability. Various flavonoids which have previously been reported to act as oxygen-free radical scavengers were tested on this erythrocyte model. Surprisingly, flavonoids did not exhibit the same effect on the oxygen free radical-stimulated K+ permeability. It was possible to classify these agents into four groups: protective (those decreasing the oxygen-free radical-stimulated K+ permeability): kaempferol, naringenin, apigenin, naringin; toxic (those increasing the deleterious effect of oxygen-free radicals): myricetin, delphinidin, quercetin; biphasic effective (characterized by opposite effects depending on the concentration): phloretin, cyanin, catechin, morin and inactive: rutin, phloridzin. In addition, a similar classification was observed when membrane lipid peroxidation was examined, i.e. kaempferol decreased lipid peroxide formation whereas myricetin enhanced it, morin exhibited a biphasic effect and rutin has no effect. The previously reported metal chelating effect of flavonoids could not totally explain the protective effect of kaempferol as was demonstrated by the partial protective effect exhibited by desferrioxamine. Moreover, this study suggests that a generation of oxygen-free radicals in red cells induced a K+ loss which probably results from membrane lipid peroxidation.
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Bindoli A, Valente M, Cavallini L. Inhibitory action of quercetin on xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase activity. PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1985; 17:831-9. [PMID: 3864171 DOI: 10.1016/0031-6989(85)90041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is an equally good inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (type O, oxygen-reducing enzyme) and xanthine dehydrogenase (type D, NAD+-reducing enzyme) activity of a preparation of the xanthine-oxidizing enzyme partially purified from rat liver. The inhibition seems competitive with the oxidase form and non-competitive (mixed-type) with the dehydrogenase form of the enzyme. These inhibitory properties should be referred to the flavonoid structure of quercetin rather than to its antioxidant power. The antioxidant properties of quercetin and its inhibitory effect on the xanthine-oxidizing enzyme are discussed with reference to hyperuricemic and ischemic states.
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39
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Takahama U. O2- -dependent and -independent photooxidation of quercetin in the presence and absence of riboflavin and effects of ascorbate on the photooxidation. Photochem Photobiol 1985; 42:89-91. [PMID: 3933022 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1985.tb03551.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Thompson M, Williams CR, Elliot GE. Stability of flavonoid complexes of copper(II) and flavonoid antioxidant activity. Anal Chim Acta 1976; 85:375-81. [PMID: 962163 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)84703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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41
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SHRIKHANDE AJ, FRANCIS FJ. EFFECT OF FLAVONOLS ON ASCORBIC ACID AND ANTHOCYANIN STABILITY IN MODEL SYSTEMS. J Food Sci 1974. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1974.tb07272.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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43
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Epstein SS, Saporoschetz IB, Hutner SH. Toxicity of antioxidants to Tetrahymena pyriformis. THE JOURNAL OF PROTOZOOLOGY 1967; 14:238-44. [PMID: 6038033 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1967.tb01991.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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44
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Letan A. Studies of the possible transference of flavonol antioxidants from the diet to the tissue lipids of rats. Br J Nutr 1967; 21:315-23. [PMID: 4952262 DOI: 10.1079/bjn19670033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
1. The oxidative stability of lipids in the tissues (erythrocytes, liver and depot fat) from vitamin E-deficient rats was not improved by feeding these animals, for a period of 39–55 days before killing, on a vitamin E-free diet richly supplemented with the flavonoid antioxidants quercetin (3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone) and flavone (3,7,8,2',5'-pentahydroxy-6-tert.-butyl flavone).2. Addition of α-tocopherol (in the form of α-tocophery1 acetate) to the diet relieved, as expected, the investigated symptoms of vitamin E deficiency and greatly improved the stability of the tissue lipids.3. Quercetin and flavone, when added in vitro to liver homogenate or to extracted adipose tissue, strongly retarded oxidation. It was concluded that those flavonols either were not absorbed by the animals or were destroyed in the body.
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