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Bong J, Middleditch M, Stephens JM, Loomes KM. Proteomic Analysis of Honey: Peptide Profiling as a Novel Approach for New Zealand Mānuka ( Leptospermum scoparium) Honey Authentication. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101968. [PMID: 37238786 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
New Zealand mānuka (Leptospermum scoparium) honey is a premium food product. Unfortunately, its high demand has led to "not true to label" marketed mānuka honey. Robust methods are therefore required to determine authenticity. We previously identified three unique nectar-derived proteins in mānuka honey, detected as twelve tryptic peptide markers, and hypothesized these could be used to determine authenticity. We invoked a targeted proteomic approach based on parallel reaction-monitoring (PRM) to selectively monitor relative abundance of these peptides in sixteen mānuka and twenty six non-mānuka honey samples of various floral origin. We included six tryptic peptide markers derived from three bee-derived major royal jelly proteins as potential internal standards. The twelve mānuka-specific tryptic peptide markers were present in all mānuka honeys with minor regional variation. By comparison, they had negligible presence in non-mānuka honeys. Bee-derived peptides were detected in all honeys with similar relative abundance but with sufficient variation precluding their utility as internal standards. Mānuka honeys displayed an inverse relationship between total protein content and the ratio between nectar- to bee-derived peptide abundance. This trend reveals an association between protein content on possible nectar processing time by bees. Overall, these findings demonstrate the first successful application of peptide profiling as an alternative and potentially more robust approach for mānuka honey authentication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Bong
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Innovation in Biotechnology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Martin Middleditch
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan M Stephens
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Innovation in Biotechnology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Comvita NZ Limited, Wilson South Road, Paengaroa, PB1, Te Puke 3119, New Zealand
| | - Kerry M Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Innovation in Biotechnology, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Honey proteins regulate oxidative stress, inflammation and ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:14. [PMID: 36653816 PMCID: PMC9847130 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a serious health problem worldwide and several inflammatory mediators are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Honey composed of various constituents which have been proven to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of Ziziphus honey and its isolated crude proteins in modulation of immune system and inflammation involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. METHODOLOGY The proteins from Ziziphus honey were isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and estimated by Bradford method. In vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from phagocytes via chemiluminescence immunoassay and nitric oxide (NO) by Griess method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT Assay. The comparative effect of oral and IP routes of honey and isolated proteins was observed in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic male Wistar rats. qRT-PCR technique was utilized for gene expression studies. RESULTS The honey proteins suppressed phagocyte oxidative burst and nitric oxide (NO) at significantly lower concentrations as compared to crude honey. The isolated proteins showed promising anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic effects along with maintenance of body weight of rodents via both oral and IP routes, with significant down-regulation of inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, iNOS, caspase 1, Calgranulin A (S100A8) and NF-κB expression in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION The isolated honey proteins showed better immunomodulatory and therapeutic potential at significantly lower doses as compared to crude honey.
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Aween MM, Hassan Z, Muhialdin BJ. Purification and identification of novel antibacterial peptides isolated from Tualang honey. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mustafa Aween
- Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Bandar Baru Nilai Negeri Sembilan 71800 Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Medical Technology Misurata University Misurata 22900 Libya
| | - Zaiton Hassan
- Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) Bandar Baru Nilai Negeri Sembilan 71800 Malaysia
| | - Belal J. Muhialdin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Medical Technology Misurata University Misurata 22900 Libya
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
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Gohar A, Dastagir N, Jabeen A, Azim MK. Characterization of immunomodulatory activity of proteins of natural honeys. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zheng YF, Wu MC, Chien HJ, Wang WC, Kuo CY, Lai CC. Honey proteomic signatures for the identification of honey adulterated with syrup, producing country, and nectar source using SWATH-MS approach. Food Chem 2021; 354:129590. [PMID: 33756333 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Honey is widely consumed by humans, due to its multiple applications as a food constituent and its therapeutic effects. This study reports on the discrimination of honey products from different geographical and botanical sources, as well as honey products containing distinct forms of syrup used in honey adulteration. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS)-based proteomic analysis combined with chemometrics was successfully applied in identifying characteristic proteins that can be used as biomarkers of the original source of honey. Honey samples from different producing regions (Tainan, Changhua, and Taichung), countries (Taiwan and Thailand), and distinct botanical sources (longan and litchi) were clearly distinguished by the developed orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model with good fitness and prediction ability. Furthermore, we successfully discriminated the adulteration of honey with syrup in different proportions (even with honey content as low as 20%) with this proteomic SWATH-MS platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Cheng Wu
- Department of Entomology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Ju Chien
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chen Wang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yu Kuo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Rong Hsing Research Center For Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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Silva B, Costa ACO, Tchewonpi SS, Bönick J, Huschek G, Gonzaga LV, Fett R, Baldermann S, Rawel HM. Comparative quantification and differentiation of bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Bentham) honeydew honey proteins using targeted peptide markers identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Food Res Int 2021; 141:109991. [PMID: 33641949 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Honey traceability is an important topic, especially for honeydew honeys, due to the increased incidence of adulteration. This study aimed to establish specific markers to quantify proteins in honey. A proteomics strategy to identify marker peptides from bracatinga honeydew honey was therefore developed. The proteomics approach was based on initial untargeted identification of honey proteins and peptides by LC-ESI-Triple-TOF-MS/MS, which identified the major royal jelly proteins (MRJP) presence. Afterwards, the peptides were selected by the in silico digestion. The marker peptides were quantified by the developed targeted LC-QqQ-MS/MS method, which provided good linearity and specificity, besides recoveries between 92 and 100% to quantify peptides from bracatinga honeydew honey. The uniqueness and high response in mass spectrometry were backed by further complementary protein analysis (SDS-PAGE). The selected marker peptides EALPHVPIFDR (MRJP 1), ILGANVK (MRJP 2), TFVTIER (MRJP 3), QNIDVVAR (MRJP 4), FINNDYNFNEVNFR (MRJP 5) and LLQPYPDWSWTK (MRJP 7), quantified by LC-QqQ-MS/MS, highlighted that the content of QNIDVVAR from MRJP 4 could be used to differentiate bracatinga honeydew honey from floral honeys (p < 0.05) as a potential marker for its authentication. Finally, principal components analysis highlighted the QNIDVVAR content as a good descriptor of the analyzed bracatinga honeydew honey samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Silva
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal OT Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | | | - Sorel Sagu Tchewonpi
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal OT Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Josephine Bönick
- IGV - Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH, Nuthetal OT Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Gerd Huschek
- IGV - Institut für Getreideverarbeitung GmbH, Nuthetal OT Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Roseane Fett
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal OT Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Harshadrai M Rawel
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal OT Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany.
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The Validity of Protein in Australian Honey as an Internal Standard for C4 Sugar Adulteration. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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A Review on Oxidative Stress, Diabetic Complications, and the Roles of Honey Polyphenols. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8878172. [PMID: 33299532 PMCID: PMC7704201 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8878172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of various antidiabetic drugs, diabetes mellitus (DM) remains one of the world's most prevalent chronic diseases and is a global burden. Hyperglycaemia, a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), substantially leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggering oxidative stress as well as numerous cellular and molecular modifications such as mitochondrial dysfunction affecting normal physiological functions in the body. In mitochondrial-mediated processes, oxidative pathways play an important role, although the responsible molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The impaired mitochondrial function is evidenced by insulin insensitivity in various cell types. In addition, the roles of master antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/antioxidant response elements (ARE) are being deciphered to explain various molecular pathways involved in diabetes. Dietary factors are known to influence diabetes, and many natural dietary factors have been studied to improve diabetes. Honey is primarily rich in carbohydrates and is also abundant in flavonoids and phenolic acids; thus, it is a promising therapeutic antioxidant for various disorders. Various research has indicated that honey has strong wound-healing properties and has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antiviral effects; thus, it is a promising antidiabetic agent. The potential antidiabetic mechanisms of honey were proposed based on its major constituents. This review focuses on the various prospects of using honey as an antidiabetic agent and the potential insights.
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An Effective Method of Isolating Honey Proteins. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132399. [PMID: 31261846 PMCID: PMC6651845 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is a natural sweetener composed mostly of sugars, but it contains also pollen grains, proteins, free amino acids, and minerals. The amounts and proportions of these components depend on the honey type and bee species. Despite the low content of honey protein, they are becoming a popular study object, and have recently been used as markers of the authenticity and quality of honey. Currently, the most popular methods of protein isolation from honey are dialysis against distilled water, lyophilization of dialysate, or various precipitation protocols. In this work, we propose a new method based on saturated phenol. We tested it on three popular polish honey types and we proved its compatibility with both 1D and 2D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and MS (mass spectrometry) techniques. The elaborated technique is also potentially less expensive and less time-consuming than other previously described methods, while being equally effective.
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Mohammed SEA, Kabbashi AS, Koko WS, Ansari MJ, Adgaba N, Al-Ghamdi A. In vitro activity of some natural honeys against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia trophozoites. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:238-243. [PMID: 31485160 PMCID: PMC6717097 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the potentiality of honey in combating diseases, the present study was carried out aiming to assess the in vitro antiprotozoal activity of several honeys (Ziziphus spina-christi, Acacia nilotica, Acacia seyal, and Cucurbita maxima) against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia by employing the sub-culture method. All the tested honeys inhibited the growth of trophozoites, and the level of inhibition varied according to the assayed concentrations and incubation times. Acacia seyal honey had completely stopped motility of E. histolytica trophozoites at a concentration ≤ 50 µg/ml after incubation for 72 h. Ziziphus spina-christi, Acacia seyal, and Acacia nilotica honeys had completely inhibited the growth of Giardia lamblia trophozoites at concentration ≤ 200 µg/ml after 72 h. These inhibitory activities were similar to that of Metronidazole™ which showed IC50 = 0.27. The mammalian cytotoxicity of these honeys against normal Vero cell line which determined by applying MTT method verified the nontoxicity of the examined honeys. Also the proximate composition of the samples indicated compliance with the natural honey standards. The findings of the study indicate the need for in vivo studies and further investigations to identify active principles with antiprotozoal activities from natural honeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seif Eldin A. Mohammed
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Kabbashi
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, P.O. Box 2404, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Waleed S. Koko
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute, P.O. Box 2404, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuru Adgaba
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Al-Ghamdi
- Bee Research Chair, Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang YZ, Chen YF, Wu YQ, Si JJ, Zhang CP, Zheng HQ, Hu FL. Discrimination of the entomological origin of honey according to the secretions of the bee (Apis cerana or Apis mellifera). Food Res Int 2019; 116:362-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Bilal B, Azim MK. Nematicidal activity of 'major royal jelly protein'-containing glycoproteins from Acacia honey. Exp Parasitol 2018; 192:52-59. [PMID: 30040959 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic nematodes infect more than two billion people worldwide particularly in developing countries. We previously reported nematicidal activity of natural honey using model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. In this study, characterization of nematicidal effects of natural honey and its glycoproteins has been carried out. Chromatographically separated honey glycoproteins showed potent anti-C. elegans activity (LD50 = 100 ng proteins/μL). Honey glycoproteins with molecular masses of ∼260 kD and ∼160 kD comprised of 'major royal jelly protein-1'-containing complexes. In these complexes, MRJP1 was present in different glycosylation forms. Quantitative PCR based gene expression assays described molecular functions of C. elegans affected by honey and honey glycoproteins. Expression of 14 gene transcripts associated with key cellular and molecular functions including energy metabolism, cytoskeleton, cell division, transcription and translation was analyzed. Acacia honey exerted a concentration-dependent alteration of gene transcripts involved in the citric acid cycle (mdh-1 and idhg-1) and cytoskeleton (act-1, act-2, and arp6). Likewise, MRJP1-containing glycoproteins caused down-regulation of arp-6 and idhg-1; and up-regulation of act-1 and mdh-1 gene transcripts. Consistent down-regulation of isocitrate dehydrogenase encoding idhg-1 gene which is among the rate-controlling enzymes of the citric acid cycle was considered as main biochemical factor involved in the nematicidal activity of honey and MRJP-containing glycoproteins. Acacia honey suppressed the expression of gene transcripts encoding actin-2, while honey glycoproteins did not. Hence, honey partly exerted anti-C. elegans activity by decreasing the transcription of actin-2 gene transcripts, demonstrated by a defect in the movement and egg laying. Moreover, arp-6 gene transcripts encoding actin-related protein 6 was significantly and constantly down-regulated by honey and honey proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Bilal
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Kamran Azim
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan; Department of Biosciences, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Mesaik MA, Dastagir N, Uddin N, Rehman K, Azim MK. Characterization of immunomodulatory activities of honey glycoproteins and glycopeptides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:177-184. [PMID: 25496517 DOI: 10.1021/jf505131p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests an important role for natural honey in modulating immune response. To identify active components responsible, this study investigated the immunomodulatory properties of glycoproteins and glycopeptides fractionated from Ziziphus honey. Honey proteins/peptides were fractionated by size exclusion chromatography into five peaks with molecular masses in the range of 2-450 kDa. The fractionated proteins exhibited potent, concentration-dependent inhibition of reactive oxygen species production in zymosan-activated human neutrophils (IC50 = 6-14 ng/mL) and murine macrophages (IC50 = 2-9 ng/mL). Honey proteins significantly suppressed the nitric oxide production by LPS-activated murine macrophages (IC50 = 96-450 ng/mL). Moreover, honey proteins inhibited the phagocytosis latex bead macrophages. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α by human monocytic cell line in the presence of honey proteins was analyzed. Honey proteins did not affect the production of IL-1β; however, TNF-α production was significantly suppressed. These findings indicated that honey glycoproteins and glycopeptides significantly interfere with molecules of the innate immune system.
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Mohammed SEA, Kabashi AS, Koko WS, Azim MK. Antigiardial activity of glycoproteins and glycopeptides from Ziziphus honey. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:2100-2. [PMID: 25587739 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.986659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural honey contains an array of glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycopeptides. Size-exclusion chromatography fractionated Ziziphus honey proteins into five peaks with molecular masses in the range from 10 to >200 kDa. The fractionated proteins exhibited in vitro activities against Giardia lamblia with IC50 values ≤ 25 μg/mL. Results indicated that honey proteins were more active as antiprotozoal agents than metronidazole. This study indicated the potential of honey proteins and peptides as novel antigiardial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seif Eldin A Mohammed
- a Environment and Natural Resources Research Institute, National Centre for Research , P.O. Box 6096, Khartoum , Sudan
| | - Ahmed S Kabashi
- b Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Centre for Research , P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum , Sudan
| | - Waleed S Koko
- b Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Centre for Research , P.O. Box 2404, Khartoum , Sudan
| | - M Kamran Azim
- c H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi 75270 , Pakistan
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Sajid M, Azim MK. Characterization of the nematicidal activity of natural honey. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:7428-7434. [PMID: 22783999 DOI: 10.1021/jf301653n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial activities of honey against bacteria and fungi are extensively reported in the scientific literature. However, its nematicidal potential has not been characterized so far. This study examined the effect of natural honey on model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and analyzed the honey component(s) responsible for nematicidal activity. Characterization of honey-treated C. elegans was done using fluorescence and phase contrast microscopy. Egg-laying and egg-hatching defects of honey-treated C. elegans were studied. For identification of nematicidal component(s), bioactivity-directed fractionation of honey samples was carried out using dialysis, ultrafiltration, chromatographic, and spectroscopic techniques. Natural honeys of different floral sources showed nematicidal activity against different developmental stages of C. elegans. The nematicidal components of honey induced cell death in intestinal lumen and gonads of C. elegans as revealed by microscopy. The nematicidal action of honey was found to be due to reproductive anomaly as manifested by defects in egg-laying and -hatching by C. elegans. Honey with concentration as low as 0.03% exerted profound egg-laying defects, whereas 6% honey showed defects in egg hatching. The major sugar components of honey were not involved in observed nematicidal activity. The bioactive components responsible for anti-C. elegans activity were found in the 2-10 kDa fraction of honey, which was resolved into ∼25 peaks by reverse phase HPLC. LC-MS followed by further spectroscopic characterization revealed a glycoconjugate with the molecular mass of 5511 as the major nematicidal component of honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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