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Schuler E, Demetriou M, Shiju NR, Gruter GM. Towards Sustainable Oxalic Acid from CO 2 and Biomass. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3636-3664. [PMID: 34324259 PMCID: PMC8519076 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To quickly and drastically reduce CO2 emissions and meet our ambitions of a circular future, we need to develop carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilization (CCU) to deal with the CO2 that we produce. While we have many alternatives to replace fossil feedstocks for energy generation, for materials such as plastics we need carbon. The ultimate circular carbon feedstock would be CO2 . A promising route is the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formic acid derivatives that can subsequently be converted into oxalic acid. Oxalic acid is a potential new platform chemical for material production as useful monomers such as glycolic acid can be derived from it. This work is part of the European Horizon 2020 project "Ocean" in which all these steps are developed. This Review aims to highlight new developments in oxalic acid production processes with a focus on CO2 -based routes. All available processes are critically assessed and compared on criteria including overall process efficiency and triple bottom line sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Schuler
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Marilena Demetriou
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - N. Raveendran Shiju
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gert‐Jan M. Gruter
- Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Avantium Chemicals BVZekeringstraat 291014 BVAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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2
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Hou Y, Wang Q. A bibliometric study about energy, environment, and climate change. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34187-34199. [PMID: 33974203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Using the extended science citation index database (SCI) and social science citation index (SSCI) databases, this paper analyzed the characteristics of publications, research foundations, research hotspots, and the evolutionary tracks of studies in the field of energy, environment, and climate change from 1990 to 2019 using a bibliometric method. This method is useful because it involves the quantitative analysis of large amounts of literature, using mathematical and statistical method. The results showed that the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), and China were the countries with the most published papers in the field. The US plays a key role in the cooperation between international institutions. An assessment conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) created the standard scientific reference for the research on climate change and its consequences. From 2006 to 2016, a large number of co-cited papers laid a solid foundation for research in the field. During this period, the research focused on the impact of climate change on the ecological environment, began to propose different countermeasures, and formed a set of mature research methods. From 2017 to 2019, there was an acceleration in the growth rate of the number of published articles. Strategies to address climate change, including renewable energy and energy transition, were the focus during this phase. Future studies are expected to focus on climate change mitigation strategies and energy policies. The findings provide a reference for researchers and can help policy makers balance economic development with environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Hou
- College of Information Engineering, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, China
| | - Qunwei Wang
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China.
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Jerbi A, Brereton NJB, Sas E, Amiot S, Lachapelle-T X, Comeau Y, Pitre FE, Labrecque M. High biomass yield increases in a primary effluent wastewater phytofiltration are associated to altered leaf morphology and stomatal size in Salix miyabeana. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139728. [PMID: 32534285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater treatment using willow 'phyto'-filtration has the potential for reduced environmental impact compared to conventional treatment practices. However, the physiological adaptations underpinning tolerance to high wastewater irrigation in willow are unknown. A one-hectare phytofiltration plantation established using the Salix miyabeana cultivar 'SX67' in Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan, Quebec, Canada, tested the impact of unirrigated, potable water or two loads of primary effluent wastewater 19 and 30 ML ha-1 yr-1. A nitrogen load of 817 kg N ha-1 from wastewater did not increase soil pore water nitrogen concentrations beyond Quebec drinking water standards. The willow phytofiltration phenotype had increased leaf area (+106-142%) and leaf nitrogen (+94%) which were accompanied by significant increases in chlorophyll a + b content. Wastewater irrigated trees had higher stomatal sizes and a higher stomatal pore index, despite lower stomatal density, resulting in increased stomatal conductance (+42-78%). These developmental responses led to substantial increases in biomass yields of 56-207% and potable water controls revealed the nitrogen load to be necessary for the high productivity of 28-40 t ha-1 yr-1 in wastewater irrigated trees. Collectively, this study suggests phytofiltration plantations could treat primary effluent municipal wastewater at volumes of at least 19 million litres per hectare and benefit from increased yields of sustainable biomass over a two-year coppice cycle. Added-value cultivation practices, such as phytofiltration, have the potential to mitigate negative local and global environmental impact of wastewater treatment while providing valuable services and sustainable bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jerbi
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - N J B Brereton
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | - E Sas
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - S Amiot
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - X Lachapelle-T
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Ramea Phytotechnologies, 517 Rang du Ruisseau des Anges Sud, Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan, Québec J0K 3H0, Canada
| | - Y Comeau
- Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - F E Pitre
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
| | - M Labrecque
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; Montreal Botanical Garden, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
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Ecosystem Service Benefits and Trade-Offs—Selecting Tree Species in Denmark for Bioenergy Production. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Research highlights: The study enabled us to quantitatively assess ecosystem benefits and trade-offs, to characterize species as generalists or specialists, and findings suggest that producing biomass for energy is more likely to serve multiple objectives if it is implemented in an integrated production system. Background and Objectives: Biomass is one of the main and largest sources of renewable energy. In Denmark, the production of biomass for energy is mainly based on timber harvest residues from pre-commercial thinning of forest stands. However, there is an increasing demand for bioenergy that require biomass to be grown specifically for energy purposes even though the sustainability and climate change mitigation potential of bioenergy plantations have recently been questioned in terms of food production, land use, land use change and terrestrial carbon cycles. The overall objective of the research is to better understand the opportunities and trade-offs between different woody and non-woody energy crops. Material and Methods: This study assessed the ecosystem services of seven woody species and one perennial along a management intensity continuum with a main focus on bioenergy production. Results: Results of the analysis showed that there are complex interrelations between ecosystem services and significant differences between species in providing those services. Conclusions: Species with a highest energy benefit among assessed species were poplar and grand fir, while beech and oak proved the best in providing biodiversity benefits.
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Energy crops affecting farmland birds in Central Europe: insights from a miscanthus-dominated landscape. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019; 74:35-44. [PMID: 30636777 PMCID: PMC6315014 DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The expansion of energy crops such as miscanthus Miscanthus x giganteus has changed the habitat of European farmland birds. However, most studies on the subject are based in Western Europe. We surveyed the avian community in a sample bioenergy landscape in Poland to investigate the pattern of use of the crop by birds in Central Europe. During a year-long survey, 80 species were noted, with 32 sighted in miscanthus. The number of bird sightings was negatively correlated with the area covered by miscanthus in study plots. In contrast to results from Western Europe, most woodland-generalist bird species tended to avoid miscanthus. Farmland species (e.g. the corn bunting Miliaria calandra; the tree sparrow Passer montanus; the starling Sturnus vulgaris; the yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella) were less frequently sighted in the crop than in other habitats. Only a few species were sighted more often in miscanthus than in other habitats, e.g. the marsh warbler Acrocephalus palustris; the reed bunting Emberiza schoeniclus; the whinchat Saxicola rubetra. The potential impact of expanded miscanthus cropping on bird communities in Central and Eastern Europe may diverge from predictions derived from studies based in Western Europe due to differing habitat preferences and bird densities between the regions. For a majority of farmland species, the crop may constitute only a suboptimal, supplementary habitat, with only a few birds potentially adapting to the exploitation of bioenergy plantations.
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Avriel-Avni N, Dick J. Differing perceptions of socio-ecological systems: Insights for future transdisciplinary research. ADV ECOL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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The Impact of Shrubby Floodplain Vegetation Growth on the Discharge Capacity of River Valleys. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10050556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Haughton AJ, Bohan DA, Clark SJ, Mallott MD, Mallott V, Sage R, Karp A. Dedicated biomass crops can enhance biodiversity in the arable landscape. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY. BIOENERGY 2016; 8:1071-1081. [PMID: 27867421 PMCID: PMC5101831 DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Suggestions that novel, non-food, dedicated biomass crops used to produce bioenergy may provide opportunities to diversify and reinstate biodiversity in intensively managed farmland have not yet been fully tested at the landscape scale. Using two of the largest, currently available landscape-scale biodiversity data sets from arable and biomass bioenergy crops, we take a taxonomic and functional trait approach to quantify and contrast the consequences for biodiversity indicators of adopting dedicated biomass crops on land previously cultivated under annual, rotational arable cropping. The abundance and community compositions of biodiversity indicators in fields of break and cereal crops changed when planted with the dedicated biomass crops, miscanthus and short rotation coppiced (SRC) willow. Weed biomass was consistently greater in the two dedicated biomass crops than in cereals, and invertebrate abundance was similarly consistently higher than in break crops. Using canonical variates analysis, we identified distinct plant and invertebrate taxa and trait-based communities in miscanthus and SRC willows, whereas break and cereal crops tended to form a single, composite community. Seedbanks were shown to reflect the longer term effects of crop management. Our study suggests that miscanthus and SRC willows, and the management associated with perennial cropping, would support significant amounts of biodiversity when compared with annual arable crops. We recommend the strategic planting of these perennial, dedicated biomass crops in arable farmland to increase landscape heterogeneity and enhance ecosystem function, and simultaneously work towards striking a balance between energy and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A. Bohan
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle ECOLDUR17 rue SullyDijon CEDEX21065France
| | | | - Mark D. Mallott
- Rothamsted ResearchWest CommonHarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK
| | | | - Rufus Sage
- Game and Wildlife Conservation TrustBurgate ManorFordingbridgeHampshireSP6 1EFUK
| | - Angela Karp
- Rothamsted ResearchWest CommonHarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK
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Gove B, Williams LJ, Beresford AE, Roddis P, Campbell C, Teuten E, Langston RHW, Bradbury RB. Reconciling Biodiversity Conservation and Widespread Deployment of Renewable Energy Technologies in the UK. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150956. [PMID: 27224050 PMCID: PMC4880438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renewable energy will potentially make an important contribution towards the dual aims of meeting carbon emission reduction targets and future energy demand. However, some technologies have considerable potential to impact on the biodiversity of the environments in which they are placed. In this study, an assessment was undertaken of the realistic deployment potential of a range of renewable energy technologies in the UK, considering constraints imposed by biodiversity conservation priorities. We focused on those energy sources that have the potential to make important energy contributions but which might conflict with biodiversity conservation objectives. These included field-scale solar, bioenergy crops, wind energy (both onshore and offshore), wave and tidal stream energy. The spatially-explicit analysis considered the potential opportunity available for each technology, at various levels of ecological risk. The resultant maps highlight the energy resource available, physical and policy constraints to deployment, and ecological sensitivity (based on the distribution of protected areas and sensitive species). If the technologies are restricted to areas which currently appear not to have significant ecological constraints, the total potential energy output from these energy sources was estimated to be in the region of 5,547 TWh/yr. This would be sufficient to meet projected energy demand in the UK, and help to achieve carbon reduction targets. However, we highlight two important caveats. First, further ecological monitoring and surveillance is required to improve understanding of wildlife distributions and therefore potential impacts of utilising these energy sources. This is likely to reduce the total energy available, especially at sea. Second, some of the technologies under investigation are currently not deployed commercially. Consequently this potential energy will only be available if continued effort is put into developing these energy sources/technologies, to enable realisation of their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Gove
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Leah J. Williams
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Alison E. Beresford
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Scotland, Edinburgh, EH12 9DH, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa Roddis
- RSPB Sustainable Development Policy Team, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Campbell
- RSPB Conservation Data Management, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Teuten
- RSPB Conservation Data Management, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Rowena H. W. Langston
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
| | - Richard B. Bradbury
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, United Kingdom
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Raman S, Mohr A, Helliwell R, Ribeiro B, Shortall O, Smith R, Millar K. Integrating social and value dimensions into sustainability assessment of lignocellulosic biofuels. BIOMASS & BIOENERGY 2015; 82:49-62. [PMID: 26664147 PMCID: PMC4643753 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The paper clarifies the social and value dimensions for integrated sustainability assessments of lignocellulosic biofuels. We develop a responsible innovation approach, looking at technology impacts and implementation challenges, assumptions and value conflicts influencing how impacts are identified and assessed, and different visions for future development. We identify three distinct value-based visions. From a techno-economic perspective, lignocellulosic biofuels can contribute to energy security with improved GHG implications and fewer sustainability problems than fossil fuels and first-generation biofuels, especially when biomass is domestically sourced. From socio-economic and cultural-economic perspectives, there are concerns about the capacity to support UK-sourced feedstocks in a global agri-economy, difficulties monitoring large-scale supply chains and their potential for distributing impacts unfairly, and tensions between domestic sourcing and established legacies of farming. To respond to these concerns, we identify the potential for moving away from a one-size-fits-all biofuel/biorefinery model to regionally-tailored bioenergy configurations that might lower large-scale uses of land for meat, reduce monocultures and fossil-energy needs of farming and diversify business models. These configurations could explore ways of reconciling some conflicts between food, fuel and feed (by mixing feed crops with lignocellulosic material for fuel, combining livestock grazing with energy crops, or using crops such as miscanthus to manage land that is no longer arable); different bioenergy applications (with on-farm use of feedstocks for heat and power and for commercial biofuel production); and climate change objectives and pressures on farming. Findings are based on stakeholder interviews, literature synthesis and discussions with an expert advisory group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Raman
- Institute for Science & Society (ISS), School of Sociology & Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Mohr
- Institute for Science & Society (ISS), School of Sociology & Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Helliwell
- Institute for Science & Society (ISS), School of Sociology & Social Policy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Ribeiro
- Centre for Applied Bioethics (CAB), School of Biosciences and School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Orla Shortall
- Centre for Applied Bioethics (CAB), School of Biosciences and School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Smith
- Centre for Applied Bioethics (CAB), School of Biosciences and School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Millar
- Centre for Applied Bioethics (CAB), School of Biosciences and School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Gonzalez E, Brereton NJB, Marleau J, Guidi Nissim W, Labrecque M, Pitre FE, Joly S. Meta-transcriptomics indicates biotic cross-tolerance in willow trees cultivated on petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 15:246. [PMID: 26459343 PMCID: PMC4603587 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High concentrations of petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) pollution can be hazardous to human health and leave soils incapable of supporting agricultural crops. A cheap solution, which can help restore biodiversity and bring land back to productivity, is cultivation of high biomass yielding willow trees. However, the genetic mechanisms which allow these fast-growing trees to tolerate PHCs are as yet unclear. METHODS Salix purpurea 'Fish Creek' trees were pot-grown in soil from a former petroleum refinery, either lacking or enriched with C10-C50 PHCs. De novo assembled transcriptomes were compared between tree organs and impartially annotated without a priori constraint to any organism. RESULTS Over 45% of differentially expressed genes originated from foreign organisms, the majority from the two-spotted spidermite, Tetranychus urticae. Over 99% of T. urticae transcripts were differentially expressed with greater abundance in non-contaminated trees. Plant transcripts involved in the polypropanoid pathway, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), had greater expression in contaminated trees whereas most resistance genes showed higher expression in non-contaminated trees. CONCLUSIONS The impartial approach to annotation of the de novo transcriptomes, allowing for the possibility for multiple species identification, was essential for interpretation of the crop's response treatment. The meta-transcriptomic pattern of expression suggests a cross-tolerance mechanism whereby abiotic stress resistance systems provide improved biotic resistance. These findings highlight a valuable but complex biotic and abiotic stress response to real-world, multidimensional contamination which could, in part, help explain why crops such as willow can produce uniquely high biomass yields on challenging marginal land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | - Nicholas J B Brereton
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | - Julie Marleau
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | | | - Michel Labrecque
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
- Montreal Botanical Gardens, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | - Frederic E Pitre
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
- Montreal Botanical Gardens, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
| | - Simon Joly
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, University of Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
- Montreal Botanical Gardens, 4101 Sherbrooke E, Montreal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
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High-Precision Land-Cover-Land-Use GIS Mapping and Land Availability and Suitability Analysis for Grass Biomass Production in the Aroostook River Valley, Maine, USA. LAND 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/land4010231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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De Marco A, Petrosillo I, Semeraro T, Pasimeni MR, Aretano R, Zurlini G. The contribution of Utility-Scale Solar Energy to the global climate regulation and its effects on local ecosystem services. Glob Ecol Conserv 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Wilson P, Glithero N, Ramsden S. Prospects for dedicated energy crop production and attitudes towards agricultural straw use: The case of livestock farmers. ENERGY POLICY 2014; 74:101-110. [PMID: 25844008 PMCID: PMC4375795 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Second generation biofuels utilising agricultural by-products (e.g. straw), or dedicated energy crops (DECs) produced on 'marginal' land, have been called for. A structured telephone survey of 263 livestock farmers, predominantly located in the west or 'marginal' upland areas of England captured data on attitudes towards straw use and DECs. Combined with farm physical and business data, the survey results show that 7.2% and 6.3% of farmers would respectively consider growing SRC and miscanthus, producing respective maximum potential English crop areas of 54,603 ha and 43,859 ha. If higher market prices for straw occurred, most livestock farmers would continue to buy straw. Reasons for not being willing to consider growing DECs include concerns over land quality, committing land for a long time period, lack of appropriate machinery, profitability, and time to financial return; a range of moral, land quality, production conflict and lack of crop knowledge factors were also cited. Results demonstrate limited potential for the production of DECs on livestock farms in England. Changes in policy support to address farmer concerns with respect to DECs will be required to incentivise farmers to increase energy crop production. Policy support for DEC production must be cognisant of farm-level economic, tenancy and personal objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Wilson
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 115 951 6075; fax: +44 115 951 6060.
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Dale BE, Anderson JE, Brown RC, Csonka S, Dale VH, Herwick G, Jackson RD, Jordan N, Kaffka S, Kline KL, Lynd LR, Malmstrom C, Ong RG, Richard TL, Taylor C, Wang MQ. Take a closer look: biofuels can support environmental, economic and social goals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:7200-3. [PMID: 24934084 DOI: 10.1021/es5025433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E Dale
- Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Nsanganwimana F, Marchand L, Douay F, Mench M. Arundo donax L., a candidate for phytomanaging water and soils contaminated by trace elements and producing plant-based feedstock. A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2014; 16:982-1017. [PMID: 24933898 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.810580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants and associated microorganisms are used to remediate anthropogenic metal(loid) contamination of water, soils and sediments. This review focuses on the potential of Arundo donax L. (Giant reed) for alleviating risks due to soils, water, and sediments contaminated by trace elements (TE), with emphasis on its advantages and limits over macrophytes and perennial grasses used for bioenergy and plant-based feedstock. Arundo donax is relevant to phytomanage TE-contaminated matrices, notably in its native area, as it possesses characteristics of large biomass production even under nutrient and abiotic stresses, fast growth rate, TE tolerance and accumulation mainly in below ground plant parts. Cultivating A. donax on contaminated lands and in constructed wetlands can contribute to increase land availability and limit the food vs. plant-based feedstock controversy. To gain more tools for decision-taking and sustainable management,further researches on A. donax should focus on: interactions between roots, TE exposure, and rhizosphere and endophytic microorganisms; biomass response to (a)biotic factors; sustainable agricultural practices on marginal and contaminated land; integration into local, efficient, energy and biomass conversion chains with concern to biomass quality and production; Life-Cycle Assessment including contaminant behavior, as well as environmental, agricultural and socio-economic benefits and drawbacks.
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Mohr A, Raman S. Lessons from first generation biofuels and implications for the sustainability appraisal of second generation biofuels. ENERGY POLICY 2013; 63:114-122. [PMID: 24926117 PMCID: PMC4048104 DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The emergence of second generation (2G) biofuels is widely seen as a sustainable response to the increasing controversy surrounding the first generation (1G). Yet, sustainability credentials of 2G biofuels are also being questioned. Drawing on work in Science and Technology Studies, we argue that controversies help focus attention on key, often value-related questions that need to be posed to address broader societal concerns. This paper examines lessons drawn from the 1G controversy to assess implications for the sustainability appraisal of 2G biofuels. SCOPE We present an overview of key 1G sustainability challenges, assess their relevance for 2G, and highlight the challenges for policy in managing the transition. We address limitations of existing sustainability assessments by exploring where challenges might emerge across the whole system of bioenergy and the wider context of the social system in which bioenergy research and policy are done. CONCLUSIONS Key lessons arising from 1G are potentially relevant to the sustainability appraisal of 2G biofuels depending on the particular circumstances or conditions under which 2G is introduced. We conclude that sustainability challenges commonly categorised as either economic, environmental or social are, in reality, more complexly interconnected (so that an artificial separation of these categories is problematic).
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Chappell MJ, Wittman H, Bacon CM, Ferguson BG, Barrios LG, Barrios RG, Jaffee D, Lima J, Méndez VE, Morales H, Soto-Pinto L, Vandermeer J, Perfecto I. Food sovereignty: an alternative paradigm for poverty reduction and biodiversity conservation in Latin America. F1000Res 2013; 2:235. [PMID: 24555109 PMCID: PMC3869480 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.2-235.v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in Latin America. We then analyze the potential of a food sovereignty framework, based on protecting the viability of a diverse agroecological matrix while supporting rural livelihoods and global food production. We review several successful examples of this approach, including ecological land reform in Brazil, agroforestry, milpa, and the uses of wild varieties in smallholder systems in Mexico and Central America. We highlight emergent research directions that will be necessary to assess the potential of the food sovereignty model to promote both biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jahi Chappell
- Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, Minneapolis, MN, 55404, USA ; School of the Environment and The Center for Social and Environmental Justice, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA, 14204, USA
| | - Hannah Wittman
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems and Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christopher M Bacon
- Environmental Studies Institute, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, 95050-4901, USA
| | - Bruce G Ferguson
- Departmento de Agroecología, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur, Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n, Chiapas, CP 29290, Mexico
| | - Luis García Barrios
- Departmento de Agroecología, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur, Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n, Chiapas, CP 29290, Mexico
| | - Raúl García Barrios
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, CP 62210, Mexico
| | - Daniel Jaffee
- Department of Sociology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA
| | - Jefferson Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Nazaré Paulista, Brazil
| | - V Ernesto Méndez
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Helda Morales
- Departmento de Agroecología, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur, Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n, Chiapas, CP 29290, Mexico
| | - Lorena Soto-Pinto
- Departmento de Agroecología, El Colegio de La Frontera Sur, Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur s/n, Chiapas, CP 29290, Mexico
| | - John Vandermeer
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ivette Perfecto
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Glithero NJ, Wilson P, Ramsden SJ. Prospects for arable farm uptake of Short Rotation Coppice willow and miscanthus in England. APPLIED ENERGY 2013; 107:209-218. [PMID: 23825896 PMCID: PMC3688319 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomass will play a role in the UK meeting EU targets on renewable energy use. Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) and miscanthus are potential biomass feedstocks; however, supply will rely on farmer willingness to grow these crops. Despite attractive crop establishment grants for dedicated energy crops (DECs) in the UK, uptake remains low. Drawing on results from an on-farm survey with 244 English arable farmers, 81.6% (87.7%) of farmers would not consider growing miscanthus (SRC), while respectively, 17.2% (11.9%) would consider growing and 1.2% (0.4%) were currently growing these crops. Farmer age, location, land ownership, farm type, farm size and farmer education level were not significant factors in determining acceptance of DECs. The main reasons cited for not growing DECs were impacts on land quality, lack of appropriate machinery, commitment of land for a long period of time, time to financial return and profitability. Reasons cited for willingness to grow DECs included land quality, ease of crop management, commitment of land for a long period of time, and profitability. Farmers cited a range of 'moral' (e.g. should not be using land for energy crops when there is a shortage of food), land quality, knowledge, profit and current farming practice comments as reasons for not growing DECs, while those willing to grow DECs cited interest in renewable energy, willingness to consider new crops, and low labour needs as rationale for their interest. Farm business objectives indicated that maximising profit and quality of life were most frequently cited as very important objectives. Previous research in the UK indicates that farmers in arable areas are unlikely to convert large areas of land to DECs, even where these farmers have an interest and willingness to grow them. Assuming that those farmers interested in growing DECs converted 9.29% (average percentage of arable land set-aside between 1996 and 2005) of their utilised agricultural area to these crops, 50,700 ha and 89,900 ha of SRC and miscanthus would, respectively, be grown on English arable farms. While farm business objectives were not identified as key determinants of DEC acceptance, enhanced information exchange through extension agents, providing market security and considering land reversion grants post-production are potential policy considerations.
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Stanley DA, Stout JC. Quantifying the impacts of bioenergy crops on pollinating insect abundance and diversity: a field-scale evaluation reveals taxon-specific responses. J Appl Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dara A. Stanley
- Botany Department; School of Natural Sciences and Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Jane C. Stout
- Botany Department; School of Natural Sciences and Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
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Horsted K, Kongsted A, Jørgensen U, Sørensen J. Combined production of free-range pigs and energy crops—animal behaviour and crop damages. Livest Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bardos RP, Bone B, Andersson-Sköld Y, Suer P, Track T, Wagelmans M. Crop-based systems for sustainable risk-based land management for economically marginal damaged land. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/rem.20297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Karp A, Richter GM. Meeting the challenge of food and energy security. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:3263-3271. [PMID: 21515638 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Growing crops for bioenergy or biofuels is increasingly viewed as conflicting with food production. However, energy use continues to rise and food production requires fuel inputs, which have increased with intensification. Focussing on the question of food or fuel is thus not helpful. The bigger, more pertinent, challenge is how the increasing demands for food and energy can be met in the future, particularly when water and land availability will be limited. Energy crop production systems differ greatly in environmental impact. The use of high-input food crops for liquid transport fuels (first-generation biofuels) needs to be phased out and replaced by the use of crop residues and low-input perennial crops (second/advanced-generation biofuels) with multiple environmental benefits. More research effort is needed to improve yields of biomass crops grown on lower grade land, and maximum value should be extracted through the exploitation of co-products and integrated biorefinery systems. Policy must continually emphasize the changes needed and tie incentives to improved greenhous gas reduction and environmental performance of biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Karp
- Department of Plant and Invertebrate Ecology, Centre for Bioenergy and Climate Change, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK.
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Bardos P, Bone B, Boyle R, Ellis D, Evans F, Harries ND, Smith JWN. Applying sustainable development principles to contaminated land management using the SuRF-UK framework. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/rem.20283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Brown JC, Renvoize S, Chiang YC, Ibaragi Y, Flavell R, Greef J, Huang L, Hsu TW, Kim DS, Hastings A, Schwarz K, Stampfl P, Valentine J, Yamada T, Xi Q, Donnison I. Developing Miscanthus for Bioenergy. ENERGY CROPS 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849732048-00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Miscanthus is a C4 perennial rhizomatous grass with origins in Eastern Asia. Several key species and their interspecific hybrids have demonstrated the potential to produce high biomass yields in a wide range of climates. Research on all aspects of Miscanthus has accelerated rapidly in the past 20 years. In this review we present the current state of knowledge on taxonomy, physiology, breeding, cultivation and environmental impact. We draw attention to many practical aspects to be considered in developing Miscanthus for bioenergy purposes including key bottlenecks that define the research themes for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Clifton Brown
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University Gogerddan Aberystwyth Ceredigion Wales SY23 3EQ UK
| | - Steve Renvoize
- The Herbarium Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB UK
| | - Yu-Chung Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology 1, Shuehfu Rd. Neipu Pingtung 91201 Taiwan
| | - Yasushi Ibaragi
- Tokushima Prefectural Museum Bunka-no-mori Park, Hachiman-cho Tokushima city Tokushima 770-8070 Japan
| | - Richard Flavell
- CERES, Inc. 1535 Ranchi Conejo Blvd Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA
| | - Joerg Greef
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen Messeweg 11/12 38104 Braunschweig
| | - Lin Huang
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University Gogerddan Aberystwyth Ceredigion Wales SY23 3EQ UK
| | - Tsai Wen Hsu
- High Altitude Experimental Station, Endemic Species Research Institute Council of Agriculture Nantou County Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Do-Soon Kim
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University Seoul Korea
| | - Astley Hastings
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Aberdeen 23 St. Machar Drive Aberdeen Scotland AB24 3UU
| | - Kai Schwarz
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen Messeweg 11/12 38104 Braunschweig
| | - Paul Stampfl
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck Sternwartestraße 15 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - John Valentine
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University Gogerddan Aberystwyth Ceredigion Wales SY23 3EQ UK
| | - Toshihiko Yamada
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Kita 11 Nishi 10 Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0811 Japan
| | - Qingguo Xi
- Agricultural Institute of Dongying Jiaozhoulu 21 Dongying 257091 Republic of China
| | - Iain Donnison
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University Gogerddan Aberystwyth Ceredigion Wales SY23 3EQ UK
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Designing Biomass Crops with Improved Calorific Content and Attributes for Burning: a UK Perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-13440-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Jacxsens L, Uyttendaele M, Devlieghere F, Rovira J, Gomez SO, Luning P. Food safety performance indicators to benchmark food safety output of food safety management systems. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 141 Suppl 1:S180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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