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González-Flores O, Pfaus JG, Luna-Hernández A, Montes-Narváez O, Domínguez-Ordóñez R, Tecamachaltzi-Silvarán MB, García-Juárez M. Estradiol and progesterone-induced lordosis behavior is modulated by both the Kisspeptin receptor and melanin-concentrating hormone in estradiol benzoate-primed rats. Horm Behav 2022; 146:105257. [PMID: 36115135 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of estradiol benzoate (E2B) and progesterone (P) induces intense lordosis behavior in ovariectomized rats primed peripherally with E2B. The present study tested the hypothesis that the Kisspeptin (Kiss) and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) pathways regulate female sexual behavior induced by these steroid hormones. In Experiment 1, we tested the relevance of the Kiss pathway by ICV infusion of its inhibitor, kiss-234, before administration of E2B or P in estrogen-primed rats. Lordosis induced by E2B alone or with the addition of P was reduced significantly at 30, 120, and 240 min. In Experiment 2, ICV infusion of MCH 30 min before E2B or P significantly reduced lordosis in rats primed with E2B alone. These data support the hypothesis that the Kiss and MCH pathways, which can release or modulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), are involved in E2B- and P-induced lordosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
| | - James G Pfaus
- Department of Psychology and Life Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Czech National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Ailyn Luna-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México; Maestría en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Omar Montes-Narváez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México; Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Raymundo Domínguez-Ordóñez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México; Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica y Zootecnia, CRC, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México
| | | | - Marcos García-Juárez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México.
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Balthazart J. Membrane-initiated actions of sex steroids and reproductive behavior: A historical account. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111463. [PMID: 34582978 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It was assumed for a long time that sex steroids are activating reproductive behaviors by the same mechanisms that produce their morphological and physiological effects in the periphery. However during the last few decades an increasing number of examples were identified where behavioral effects of steroids were just too fast to be mediated via changes in DNA transcription. This progressively forced behavioral neuroendocrinologists to recognize that part of the effects of steroids on behavior are mediated by membrane-initiated events. In this review we present a selection of these early data that changed the conceptual landscape and we provide a summary the different types of membrane-associated receptors (estrogens, androgens and progestagens receptors) that are playing the most important role in the control of reproductive behaviors. Then we finally describe in more detail three separate behavioral systems in which membrane-initiated events have clearly been established to contribute to behavior control.
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Domínguez-Ordóñez R, García-Juárez M, Lima-Hernández FJ, Gómora-Arrati P, Domínguez-Salazar E, Luna-Hernández A, Hoffman KL, Blaustein JD, Etgen AM, González-Flores O. Protein kinase inhibitors infused intraventricularly or into the ventromedial hypothalamus block short latency facilitation of lordosis by oestradiol. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12809. [PMID: 31715031 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An injection of unesterified oestradiol (E2 ) facilitates receptive behaviour in E2 benzoate (EB)-primed, ovariectomised female rats when it is administered i.c.v. or systemically. The present study tested the hypothesis that inhibitors of protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase G (PKG) or the Src/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complex interfere with E2 facilitation of receptive behaviour. In Experiment 1, lordosis induced by i.c.v. infusion of E2 was significantly reduced by i.c.v. administration of Rp-cAMPS, a PKA inhibitor, KT5823, a PKG inhibitor, and PP2 and PD98059, Src and MAPK inhibitors, respectively, between 30 and 240 minutes after infusion. In Experiment 2, we determined whether the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is one of the neural sites at which those intracellular pathways participate in lordosis behaviour induced by E2 . Administration of each of the four protein kinase inhibitors into the VMH blocked facilitation of lordosis induced by infusion of E2 also into the VMH. These data support the hypothesis that activation of several protein kinase pathways is involved in the facilitation of lordosis by E2 in EB-primed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Domínguez-Ordóñez
- Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica y Zootecnia, Complejo Regional Centro, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Mexico
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Marcos García-Juárez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Francisco J Lima-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Porfirio Gómora-Arrati
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Emilio Domínguez-Salazar
- Área de Neurociencias, Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México
| | - Ailyn Luna-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Kurt L Hoffman
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Jeffrey D Blaustein
- Licenciatura en Ingeniería Agronómica y Zootecnia, Complejo Regional Centro, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Tecamachalco, Mexico
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Anne M Etgen
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Oscar González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Tlaxcala, México
- Área de Neurociencias, Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México
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4
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Two thalidomide analogs induce persistent estrous behavior and inhibit uterus contractility in rats: The central role of cAMP. Neurosci Lett 2019; 714:134612. [PMID: 31698025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 4NO2PDPMe and 4APDPMe, which are thalidomide (Tha) analogs that act as selective phosphodiesterase (PDE-4) inhibitors, on estrous behavior (lordosis and proceptive behaviors) and on uterine contraction were studied in ovariectomized (OVX) estrogen-primed Sprague Dawley (SD) and in intact non-pregnant Wistar rats, respectively. We found that intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of either 4NO2PDPMe or 4APDPMe (20 to 80 μg) stimulated intense lordosis and proceptive behavior in response to mounts from a sexually active male, within the first 4 h after infusion, and persisting for up to 24 h. Inhibitors of the progesterone receptor (RU486, administered subcutaneously), the estrogen receptor (tamoxifen, ICV), the adenylate cyclase (AC)/ cyclic AMP (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway (administered ICV), and the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (administered ICV) significantly decreased lordosis and proceptive behavior induced by Tha analogs. Uterine contractility studies showed that Tha analogs inhibited both the K+- and the Ca2+-induced tonic contractions in rat uterus. Tha analogs were equally effective, but 4APDPMe was more potent than 4NO2PDPMe. These results strongly suggest the central role of cAMP in both processes, sexual behavior, and uterine relaxation, and suggest that Tha analogs may also act as Ca2+-channel blockers.
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Reuquen P, Guajardo-Correa E, Oróstica ML, Curotto C, Parada-Bustamante A, Cardenas H, Orihuela PA. Prolactin gene expression in the pituitary of rats subjected to vaginocervical stimulation requires Erk-1/2 signaling. Reprod Biol 2017; 17:357-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Domínguez-Ordóñez R, García-Juárez M, Lima-Hernández FJ, Gómora-Arrati P, Blaustein JD, Etgen AM, González-Flores O. Estrogen receptor α and β are involved in the activation of lordosis behavior in estradiol-primed rats. Horm Behav 2016; 86:1-7. [PMID: 27594441 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the participation of estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) in the short-term facilitation of lordosis behavior in ovariectomized (ovx), estradiol (E2) primed rats. In experiment 1, dose response curves for PPT and DPN (ERα and ERβ agonists, respectively) facilitation of lordosis behavior (lordosis quotient and lordosis score) were established by infusing these agonists into the right lateral ventricle (icv) in female rats injected 40h previously with 5μg of E2 benzoate. PPT doses of 0.08 and 0.4ng produced high lordosis quotients starting at 30min and continuing at 120 and 240min post-injection. DPN induced high levels of lordosis behavior at all times tested. However, the intensity of lordosis induced by both agonists was weak. In experiment 2, we tested the involvement of each ER in facilitation of lordosis by icv infusion of MPP (ERα-selective antagonist) or PHTPP (ERβ-selective antagonist) prior to infusion of 2ng of free E2. Icv infusion of either MPP or PHTPP 30min before free E2 significantly depressed E2 facilitation of lordosis. The results suggest that both forms of ER are involved in the short-latency facilitation of lordosis behavior in E2-primed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Domínguez-Ordóñez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, México; Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, México
| | - Marcos García-Juárez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, México
| | - Francisco J Lima-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, México; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, México
| | - Porfirio Gómora-Arrati
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, México
| | - Jeffrey D Blaustein
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Anne M Etgen
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Oscar González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, México.
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Lima-Hernández FJ, Gómora-Arrati P, García-Juárez M, Blaustein JD, Etgen AM, Beyer C, González-Flores O. Estrogen receptors regulate the estrous behavior induced by progestins, peptides, and prostaglandin E2. Horm Behav 2014; 66:361-8. [PMID: 24954691 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of classical estrogen receptors (ERs) in priming female reproductive behavior has been studied previously; however, the participation of this receptor during activation of estrous behavior has not been extensively studied. The purpose of this work was to test the possibility that the facilitation of lordosis behavior in estrogen-primed rats by progesterone (P) and its 5α- and 5β-reduced metabolites, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), leptin, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and vagino-cervical stimulation (VCS) involves interactions with classical ERs by using the selective ER modulator, tamoxifen. To further assess the role of ERs, we also explored the effects of the pure ER antagonist, ICI182780 (ICI), on estrous behavior induced by P and GnRH. Ovariectomized, estrogen-primed rats (5μg estradiol benzoate 40h earlier) were injected intraventricularly with the above-mentioned compounds, or they received VCS. All compounds and VCS effectively facilitated estrous behavior when tested at 60, 120 or 240min after infusion or application of VCS. Intraventricular infusion of tamoxifen (5μg), 30min before, significantly attenuated estrous behaviors induced in estradiol-primed rats by P, most of its 5α- and 5β-reduced metabolites, GnRH, and PGE2, but not by VCS. Although there was a trend for reduction, tamoxifen did not significantly decrease lordosis in females treated with 5β-pregnan-3,20-dione. ICI also inhibited lordosis behavior induced by P and GnRH at some testing intervals. These results suggest that activation of classical ERs participates in the triggering effects on estrous behavior induced by agents with different chemical structures that do not bind directly to ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Lima-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Plaza Hidalgo S/N, Panotla, Tlaxcala 90140, México; Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales del Centro Tlaxcala en Biología de la Conducta
| | - P Gómora-Arrati
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Plaza Hidalgo S/N, Panotla, Tlaxcala 90140, México
| | - M García-Juárez
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Plaza Hidalgo S/N, Panotla, Tlaxcala 90140, México
| | - J D Blaustein
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, Tobin Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9271, USA
| | - A M Etgen
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - C Beyer
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Plaza Hidalgo S/N, Panotla, Tlaxcala 90140, México
| | - O González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Plaza Hidalgo S/N, Panotla, Tlaxcala 90140, México.
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Lima-Hernández FJ, Beyer C, Gómora-Arrati P, García-Juárez M, Encarnación-Sánchez JL, Etgen AM, González-Flores O. Src kinase signaling mediates estrous behavior induced by 5β-reduced progestins, GnRH, prostaglandin E2 and vaginocervical stimulation in estrogen-primed rats. Horm Behav 2012; 62:579-84. [PMID: 23010621 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The progesterone receptor (PR) is a dual function protein that acts in the nucleus as a transcriptional factor and at the cytoplasm as a scaffold for the Src-MAPK signaling pathway. Several agents lacking affinity for the PR, such as 5β-reduced progestins, GnRH or prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) facilitate estrous behavior in ovariectomized (ovx), estrogen-primed rats yet their action is blocked by the antiprogestin RU486. We hypothesize that these agents act by using the PR-Src-mitogen activated protein kinase alternative pathway. To test this hypothesis we used PP2, a specific inhibitor of the Src kinase family. Intraventricular infusion of 30 μg of PP2, 30 min before behavioral testing, significantly attenuated estrous behaviors induced in estradiol benzoate (E(2)B)-primed rats by 5β-dihydroprogesterone (5β-DHP), 5β-pregnan-3β-ol-20-one (5β,3β-Pgl), GnRH, PGE(2) and by manual flank/vaginocervical stimulation. These results suggest that the Src signaling system, by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases, participates in the facilitation of estrous behavior in E(2)B-primed rats induced by agents lacking affinity for the PR.
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Mani SK, Oyola MG. Progesterone signaling mechanisms in brain and behavior. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:7. [PMID: 22649404 PMCID: PMC3355960 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormone, progesterone, modulates neuroendocrine functions in the central nervous system resulting in alterations in physiology and behavior. These neuronal effects are mediated primarily by intracellular progestin receptors (PRs) in the steroid-sensitive neurons, resulting in transcription-dependent genomic actions (classical mechanism). In addition to progesterone, intracellular PRs can also be activated in a "ligand-independent" manner by neurotransmitters, peptide growth factors, cyclic nucleotides, and neurosteroids. Recent studies indicate that rapid, non-classical progesterone actions involving cytoplasmic kinase signaling and/or extranuclear PRs can result in both transcription-independent and transcription-dependent actions. Cross-talk between extranuclear and classical intracellular signaling pathways promotes progesterone-dependent behavior in mammals. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which progesterone-initiated signaling mechanisms converge with PRs in the brain to modulate reproductive behavior in female rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaila K Mani
- Center on Addiction, Learning and Memory, Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA.
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Mani SK, Blaustein JD. Neural progestin receptors and female sexual behavior. Neuroendocrinology 2012; 96:152-61. [PMID: 22538437 PMCID: PMC3498483 DOI: 10.1159/000338668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone, progesterone (P), modulates neuroendocrine functions in the central nervous system resulting in integration of reproduction and reproductive behaviors in female mammals. Although it is widely recognized that P's effects on female sex behavior are mediated by the classical neural progestin receptors (PRs) functioning as 'ligand-dependent' transcription factors to regulate genes and genomic networks, additional mechanisms of PR activation also contribute to the behavioral response. Cellular and molecular evidence indicates that PRs can be activated in a ligand-independent manner by neurotransmitters, growth factors, cyclic nucleotides, progestin metabolites and mating stimuli. The rapid responses of P may be mediated by a variety of PR types, including membrane-associated PRs or extranuclear PRs. Furthermore, these rapid nonclassical P actions involving cytoplasmic kinase signaling and/or extranuclear PRs also converge with classical PR-mediated transcription-dependent pathways to regulate reproductive behaviors. In this review, we summarize some of the history of the study of the role of PRs in reproductive behaviors and update the status of PR-mediated mechanisms involved in the facilitation of female sex behavior. We present an integrative model of PR activation via crosstalk and convergence of multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaila K Mani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Center on Addiction, Learning and Memory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Gómez-Camarillo MA, Beyer C, Lucio RA, García-Juárez M, González-Arenas A, Camacho-Arroyo I, Komisaruk BR, González-Flores O. Differential effects of progesterone and genital stimulation on sequential inhibition of estrous behavior and progesterone receptor expression in the rat brain. Brain Res Bull 2011; 85:201-6. [PMID: 21515343 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 03/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effect of genital stimulation, either by vaginocervical stimulation (VCS) using a calibrated vaginal probe combined with manual flank stimulation (FS), or by mounts performed by the male, on the hypothalamus and preoptic area concentration of the progesterone receptors A (PR-A) and B (PR-B) was assessed in ovariectomized (ovx) estrogen-primed rats. VCS/FS or stimulation provided by male mounts, even without intromission, significantly decreased PR-B concentration in the hypoythalamus. Down regulation of PR produced by genital stimulation was quantitatively similar to that elicited by progesterone (P) administration. Bilateral or unilateral transection of the pelvic or the pudendal nerves prevented down regulation elicited by VCS/FS. Repeated VCS/FS elicited lordosis behavior in most ovx estrogen primed rats, but the lordosis intensity was lower than that observed in response to P. P administered to ovx estrogen primed rats, induced sequential inhibition, i.e., failure to display estrous behavior in response to a second P injection (24h after the initial P injection). VCS/FS failed to elicit sequential inhibition, since rats responded with normal estrous behavior to the second injection of P. This suggests that down regulation by VCS, by contrast with P, failed to inhibit the subpopulation of PR involved in the facilitation of estrous behavior by P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madaí A Gómez-Camarillo
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Plaza Hidalgo S/N, Panotla, Tlaxcala CP, 90140, México
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12
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González-Flores O, Beyer C, Gómora-Arrati P, García-Juárez M, Lima-Hernández FJ, Soto-Sánchez A, Etgen AM. A role for Src kinase in progestin facilitation of estrous behavior in estradiol-primed female rats. Horm Behav 2010; 58:223-9. [PMID: 20307541 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that the Src/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in the facilitation of the lordosis and proceptive behaviors induced by progesterone (P) and its ring A-reduced metabolites in ovariectomized, estradiol-primed rats. Intraventricular (icv) infusion of PP2 (7.5, 15 and 30 microg), a Src kinase inhibitor, significantly depressed P-dependent estrous behavior (lordosis and proceptivity) in estradiol-primed rats. Icv infusion of 30 microg of PP2 also significantly attenuated estrous behavior induced by the ring A-reduced P metabolites 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone (5 alpha-DHP) and 5 alpha-pregnan-3alpha-ol-20-one (allopregnanolone). PP2 did not inhibit estrous behavior induced by administration of high doses of estradiol alone to ovariectomized rats. We also assessed if the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is one of the neural sites at which progestins activate Src signaling to facilitate estrous behavior. Bilateral administration of 15 microg of PP2 into the VMH inhibited the stimulation of both lordosis and proceptive behaviors elicited by subcutaneous P administration to estradiol-primed rats. These results suggest that progestins act through Src/Raf/MAPK signaling to initiate estrous behaviors in estrogen-primed rats. This event is one component of the cellular pathways leading to the display of estrous behaviors induced by P and its ring A-reduced metabolites in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV. Apdo. 62, Tlaxcala, México.
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13
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Activation of progestin receptors in female reproductive behavior: Interactions with neurotransmitters. Front Neuroendocrinol 2010; 31:157-71. [PMID: 20116396 PMCID: PMC2849835 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone, progesterone (P), modulates neuroendocrine functions in the central nervous system resulting in alterations in physiology and reproductive behavior in female mammals. A wide body of evidence indicates that these neural effects of P are predominantly mediated via their intracellular progestin receptors (PRs) functioning as "ligand-dependent" transcription factors in the steroid-sensitive neurons regulating genes and genomic networks. In addition to P, intracellular PRs can be activated by neurotransmitters, growth factors and cyclic nucleotides in a ligand-independent manner via crosstalk and convergence of pathways. Furthermore, recent studies indicate that rapid signaling events associated with membrane PRs and/or extra-nuclear, cytoplasmic PRs converge with classical PR activated pathways in neuroendocrine regulation of female reproductive behavior. The molecular mechanisms, by which multiple signaling pathways converge on PRs to modulate PR-dependent female reproductive behavior, are discussed in this review.
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González-Flores O, Gómora-Arrati P, Garcia-Juárez M, Gómez-Camarillo MA, Lima-Hernández FJ, Beyer C, Etgen AM. Nitric oxide and ERK/MAPK mediation of estrous behavior induced by GnRH, PGE2 and db-cAMP in rats. Physiol Behav 2009; 96:606-12. [PMID: 19162055 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that GnRH, PGE2 and db-cAMP act via the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP and MAPK pathways to facilitate estrous behavior (lordosis and proceptivity) in estradiol-primed female rats. Estradiol-primed rats received intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of pharmacological antagonists of NO synthase (L-NAME), NO-dependent soluble guanylyl cyclase (ODQ), protein kinase G (KT5823), or the ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 15 min before icv administration of 50 ng of GnRH, 1 microg of PGE2 or 1 microg of db-cAMP. Icv infusions of GnRH, PGE2 and db-cAMP enhanced estrous behavior at 1 and 2 h after drug administration. Both L-NAME and ODQ blocked the estrous behavior induced by GnRH, PGE2 and db-cAMP at some of the times tested. The protein kinase G inhibitor KT5823 reduced PGE2 and db-cAMP facilitation of estrous behavior but did not affect the behavioral response to GnRH. In contrast, PD98059 blocked the estrous behavior induced by all three compounds. These data support the hypothesis that the NO-cGMP and ERK/MAPK pathways are involved in the lordosis and proceptive behaviors induced by GnRH, PGE2 and db-cAMP. However, cGMP mediation of GnRH-facilitated estrous behavior is independent of protein kinase G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar González-Flores
- Centro de Investigación en Reproducción Animal, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala-CINVESTAV, Apdo. Postal 62, Tlaxcala 90000, Mexico
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