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Banerjee AK, Feng H, Bhowmick AR, Peng H, Liang X, Yin M, Duan F, Yan Y, Huang Y. Alien flora are accumulating steadily in China over the last 80 years. iScience 2024; 27:109552. [PMID: 38632991 PMCID: PMC11022055 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
New alien species are increasingly introduced and established outside their native range. The knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics of their accumulation and the factors determining their residence time in the introduced range is critical for proactive management, especially in emerging economies. Based on a comprehensive time series dataset of 721 alien angiosperms in China, we show that new alien flora has been accumulating steadily in China, particularly in the coastal regions, for the last 80 years without saturation. The ability to occupy a large number of habitats facilitates the early introduction of alien flora, whereas a large naturalized range, greater number of uses, and multiple introduction pathways directly contribute to their naturalization and invasion. The temporal pattern is predicted to remain consistent in the foreseeable future. We propose upgrading the country's biosecurity infrastructure based on a standardized risk assessment framework to safeguard the country from ongoing and future invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achyut Kumar Banerjee
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Hui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Amiya Ranjan Bhowmick
- Department of Mathematics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India
| | - Hao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Xinru Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Minghui Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Fuyuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Yubin Yan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yelin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
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Yi J, Wan J, Tielbörger K, Tao Z, Siemann E, Huang W. Specialist reassociation and residence time modulate the evolution of defense in invasive plants: A meta-analysis. Ecology 2024; 105:e4253. [PMID: 38272490 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Invasive plants typically escape specialist herbivores but are often attacked by generalist herbivores in their introduced ranges. The shifting defense hypothesis suggests that this will cause invasive plants to evolve lower resistance against specialists, higher resistance against generalists, and greater tolerance to herbivore damage. However, the duration and direction of selective pressures can shape the evolutionary responses of resistance and tolerance for invasive plants. Two critical factors are (1) residence time (length of time that an invasive species has been in its introduced range) and (2) specialist herbivore reassociation (attack by purposely or accidentally introduced specialists). Yet, these two factors have not been considered simultaneously in previous quantitative syntheses. Here, we performed a meta-analysis with 367 effect sizes from 70 studies of 35 invasive plant species from native and invasive populations. We tested how the residence time of invasive plant species and specialist reassociation in their introduced ranges affected evolutionary responses of defenses against specialists and generalists, including herbivore resistance traits (physical barriers, digestibility reducers and toxins), resistance effects (performance of and damage caused by specialists or generalists) and tolerance to damage (from specialists or generalists). We found that residence time and specialist reassociation each significantly altered digestibility reducers, specialist performance, generalist damage, and tolerance to specialist damage. Furthermore, residence time and specialist reassociation strongly altered toxins and generalist performance, respectively. When we restricted consideration to invasive plant species with both longer residence times and no reassociation with specialists, invasive populations had lower resistance to specialists, similar resistance to generalists, and higher tolerance to damage from both herbivore types, compared with native populations. We conclude that the duration and direction of selective pressure shape the evolutionary responses of invasive plants. Under long-term (long residence time) and stable (no specialist reassociation) selective pressure, invasive plants generally decrease resistance to specialists and increase tolerance to generalist damage that provides mixed support for the shifting defense hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Tielbörger
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zhibin Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Evan Siemann
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Gulzar R, Hamid M, Hassan T, Rashid I, Khuroo AA. Different sets of traits determine transition of alien species along the invasion continuum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169137. [PMID: 38070553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Invasive alien species are currently considered as one of the dominant drivers of global environmental change. Till now, the majority of studies have focused on single or a few traits of alien species that facilitate their invasion. Also inclusion of all the traits which determine the transition of aliens along the different stages of invasion continuum (casual, naturalised and invasive) has remained largely overlooked. In this study, we collected a comprehensive trait dataset on 144 alien plant species of Kashmir Himalaya - a global biodiversity hotspot region. To test which traits of alien species, individually or in combination along with anthropogenic factors, determine their transition along the invasion continuum, we employed chi-square tests, boosted regression trees and phylogenetic methods. We found the perennial life span, longer residence time, greater number of introduced regions, and better seed dispersal mechanism were critical in determining the transition from casual to naturalised. The herbaceous growth form, therophyte Raunkiaer life-form, annual life span, achene fruit, longer residence time and broader introduced range were the species' traits determining transition from naturalised to invasive. Aliens introduced as ornamentals have more propensity to become naturalised; whereas aliens introduced unintentionally show overrepresentation at the invasive stage. Phylogeny alone showed mixed results indicating both clustering and dispersion; however, in combination with other traits, it plays a significant role in determining the stage of invasion. Overall, our study disentangles the individual and interactive roles of multiple traits that determine the transition of alien species' along the invasion continuum. Further, we foresee the potential applicability of our findings in designing robust invasion risk analysis protocols and stage-specific invasion management strategies in this Himalayan region, with learnings for elsewhere in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruquia Gulzar
- Centre for Biodiversity and Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Maroof Hamid
- Centre for Biodiversity and Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tabasum Hassan
- Centre for Biodiversity and Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Geoinformatics, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Anzar Ahmad Khuroo
- Centre for Biodiversity and Taxonomy, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Cordero S, López-Aliste M, Gálvez F, Fontúrbel FE. Herbarium collection of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (PUCV), Chile. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e90591. [PMID: 36761550 PMCID: PMC9836566 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e90591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This database gathers 10,721 specimens, belonging to 2,578 species from the Chilean vascular flora (angiosperms, gymnosperms and pteridophytes) deposited in the Herbarium of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (PUCV) in Chile. The PUCV botanical collection was started by the renowned botanist Otto Zöllner and represents a major natural historical legacy for central Chile, with decades of information represented through preserved specimens. This collection is currently deposited in the Curauma campus of the PUCV. This digitisation effort is part of the PUCV's endeavour to mobilise its biological collections and make them freely available through GBIF, encouraging national and international researchers to generate new knowledge, based on this invaluable heritage, which is a silent witness of the vast plant diversity that once existed in Chile and that is now vanishing due to anthropogenic drivers. New information The database provides occurrence records from 10,721 specimens of vascular flora held in the PUCV Herbarium, representing 2,578 species, 914 genera and 177 families. Each record includes data on taxonomy, geographic distribution, elevation and collection information (e.g. date of collection, legitimavit and determinavit of specimens, general observations). The database serves as a repository containing records from past decades on the diversity and distribution of plant species, mainly from the Chilean Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Cordero
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, ChilePontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
| | - Manuel López-Aliste
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, ChilePontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
| | - Francisca Gálvez
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, ChilePontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
| | - Francisco E. Fontúrbel
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, ChilePontificia Universidad Católica de ValparaísoValparaísoChile
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Lag times and invasion dynamics of established and emerging weeds: insights from herbarium records of Queensland, Australia. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02581-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHerbarium records provide comprehensive information on plant distribution, offering opportunities to construct invasion curves of introduced species, estimate their rates and patterns of expansions in novel ranges, as well as identifying lag times and hence “sleeper weeds”, if any. Lag times especially have rarely been determined for many introduced species, including weeds in the State of Queensland, Australia as the trait is thought to be unpredictable and cannot be screened for. Using herbarium records (1850–2010), we generated various invasiveness indices, and developed simple invasion and standardised proportion curves of changes in distribution with time for ~ 100 established and emerging weed species of Queensland. Four major periods (decades) of increased weed spread (spikes) were identified: 1850s, 1900–1920, 1950–1960 and 2000–2010, especially for grasses and trees/shrubs. Many weeds with spikes in spread periods did so only 1–2 decadal times, except for a few species with higher spike frequencies > 6; the majority of these spikes occurred recently (1950–1990). A significant proportion (~ 60%) of Queensland’s weeds exhibit non-linear increase in spread with time, and hence have lag phases (mean: 45.9 years; range: 12–126 years); of these lag-phase species, 39% are “sleeper” weeds with > 50 years of lag time (mainly trees/shrubs and grasses). Twelve traits of invasiveness, including lag time and species-specific/historical factors were screened, of which frequency of invasion waves, spread rates and residence time were the main drivers of weeds’ distribution. The low predictive power of lag time on weed distribution suggests that retrospective analyses offer little hope for a robust generalisation to identify weeds of tomorrow.
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Palma E, Vesk PA, White M, Baumgartner JB, Catford JA. Plant functional traits reflect different dimensions of species invasiveness. Ecology 2021; 102:e03317. [PMID: 33638164 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Trait-based invasiveness studies typically categorize exotic species as invasive or noninvasive, implicitly assuming species form two homogenous groups. However, species can become invasive in different ways (e.g., high abundance, fast spread), likely relying on different functional traits to do so. As such, binary classification may obscure traits associated with invasiveness. We tested whether (1) the way in which invasiveness is quantified influences its correlation with functional traits and (2) different demography-based metrics are related to different sets of traits. Using a case study of 251 herbs exotic to Victoria, Australia, we quantified species' invasiveness using 10 metrics: four continuous, demography-based dimensions of invasiveness (spread rate, local abundance, geographic and environmental range sizes) and six binary classifications of invasiveness (based on alternative sources and invasion criteria). We examined the correlation between species' invasiveness and a set of four traits known to relate to plant demography and invasion. Then, we examined whether different demographic dimensions of invasiveness were better explained by different sets of traits. We found that the way invasiveness was quantified was important: different traits were linked with different invasiveness metrics, and some traits showed opposite effects across metrics. Species with fast spread were either tall with small seeds (i.e., good colonizers), or had heavy, animal-dispersed seeds. Plants with a large environmental range had greater plasticity for some traits. Locally abundant plants had low SLA and heavy seeds (i.e., strong competitors). Animal dispersal was also key to reach a large geographic range. No traits were consistently related to the six binary classifications. Our results indicate that exotic plants are invasive in different ways and rely on different combinations of traits to be so. Some traits (e.g., seed mass) had complex relationships with invasion: they apparently promote, hampered, or had no influence on different dimensions of invasiveness. Our findings are consistent with the notion that plant species use strategies that may be near optimal under some, but not all, ecological conditions. Compared to binary classifications of invasiveness, the use of invasiveness dimensions advances clearer hypothesis testing in invasion science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estibaliz Palma
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter A Vesk
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Matt White
- Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - John B Baumgartner
- Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis (CEBRA), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Jane A Catford
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,Department of Geography, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, United Kingdom
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Bustamante RO, Alves L, Goncalves E, Duarte M, Herrera I. A classification system for predicting invasiveness using climatic niche traits and global distribution models: application to alien plant species in Chile. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.63.50049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Functional traits that predict plant invasiveness are a central issue in invasion ecology. However, in many cases they are difficult to determine, especially for a large set of species. Climatic niche traits can overcome this problem due to the ease of acquiring them for a large number of species. This effort is critical given that knowledge of species invasiveness is necessary (although not sufficient) to anticipate/manage invasive species.
In this study, we examined thermal and hydric niche traits to predict plant invasiveness. We used a set of 49 alien plant species, representative of the alien flora of Chile. Niche traits were obtained using environmental information (WorldClim) and global occurrences. Invasiveness was estimated using global niche models and projection of the potential distribution in Chile. As a final step, we reviewed the literature for a subset of species, documenting their impacts on a) biodiversity, b) crop agriculture and c) livestock.
Thermal niche breadth and thermal niche position were the most important niche traits to predict potential distribution (a proxy of invasiveness). Using thermal niche breadth and niche position traits, we constructed a graphical model that classifies alien species as highly invasive (wide thermal niche breadth and low niche position) or low potential to be invasive (narrow niche breadth and high niche position). We also found no association between our invasiveness classification and the documented impact of alien species.
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A unifying framework for studying and managing climate-driven rates of ecological change. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 5:17-26. [PMID: 33288870 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
During the Anthropocene and other eras of rapidly changing climates, rates of change of ecological systems can be described as fast, slow or abrupt. Fast ecological responses closely track climate change, slow responses substantively lag climate forcing, causing disequilibria and reduced fitness, and abrupt responses are characterized by nonlinear, threshold-type responses at rates that are large relative to background variability and forcing. All three kinds of climate-driven ecological dynamics are well documented in contemporary studies, palaeoecology and invasion biology. This fast-slow-abrupt conceptual framework helps unify a bifurcated climate-change literature, which tends to separately consider the ecological risks posed by slow or abrupt ecological dynamics. Given the prospect of ongoing climate change for the next several decades to centuries of the Anthropocene and wide variations in ecological rates of change, the theory and practice of managing ecological systems should shift attention from target states to target rates. A rates-focused framework broadens the strategic menu for managers to include options to both slow and accelerate ecological rates of change, seeks to reduce mismatch among climate and ecological rates of change, and provides a unified conceptual framework for tackling the distinct risks associated with fast, slow and abrupt ecological rates of change.
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Kutlvašr J, Baroš A, Pyšek P, Pergl J. Changes in assemblages of native and alien plants in perennial plantations: prairie species stabilize the community composition. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.63.51109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ornamental plantations are characteristic of a wide range of man-made habitats such as gardens, parks or urban spaces. Nowadays, low-maintenance perennial beds are becoming popular in horticulture and urban planning. Due to low levels of management and good records of initial plantation, perennial beds are suitable for studying vegetation processes such as competition amongst garden ornamentals and succession. We studied perennial flowerbeds in the Czech Republic that had a known initial composition at the time of establishment in 2006–2010 and we compared this with their state in 2016. We aimed to assess (i) how planted ornamental assemblages changed during 10 years of succession, and (ii) whether initial assemblage composition determined the pattern of change. We observed a decrease in biodiversity from initial plantation to the recent state across all flowerbeds in the experimental garden. In terms of diversity and stability, species-rich assemblages, mostly composed of taxa native to prairies, were the most stable. The most successful taxa (i.e. reaching high abundances with good persistence) originated from North American and Mediterranean regions.
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Pyšek P, Bacher S, Kühn I, Novoa A, Catford JA, Hulme PE, Pergl J, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU, Blackburn TM. MAcroecological Framework for Invasive Aliens (MAFIA): disentangling large-scale context dependence in biological invasions. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.62.52787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macroecology is the study of patterns, and the processes that determine those patterns, in the distribution and abundance of organisms at large scales, whether they be spatial (from hundreds of kilometres to global), temporal (from decades to centuries), and organismal (numbers of species or higher taxa). In the context of invasion ecology, macroecological studies include, for example, analyses of the richness, diversity, distribution, and abundance of alien species in regional floras and faunas, spatio-temporal dynamics of alien species across regions, and cross-taxonomic analyses of species traits among comparable native and alien species pools. However, macroecological studies aiming to explain and predict plant and animal naturalisations and invasions, and the resulting impacts, have, to date, rarely considered the joint effects of species traits, environment, and socioeconomic characteristics. To address this, we present the MAcroecological Framework for Invasive Aliens (MAFIA). The MAFIA explains the invasion phenomenon using three interacting classes of factors – alien species traits, location characteristics, and factors related to introduction events – and explicitly maps these interactions onto the invasion sequence from transport to naturalisation to invasion. The framework therefore helps both to identify how anthropogenic effects interact with species traits and environmental characteristics to determine observed patterns in alien distribution, abundance, and richness; and to clarify why neglecting anthropogenic effects can generate spurious conclusions. Event-related factors include propagule pressure, colonisation pressure, and residence time that are important for mediating the outcome of invasion processes. However, because of context dependence, they can bias analyses, for example those that seek to elucidate the role of alien species traits. In the same vein, failure to recognise and explicitly incorporate interactions among the main factors impedes our understanding of which macroecological invasion patterns are shaped by the environment, and of the importance of interactions between the species and their environment. The MAFIA is based largely on insights from studies of plants and birds, but we believe it can be applied to all taxa, and hope that it will stimulate comparative research on other groups and environments. By making the biases in macroecological analyses of biological invasions explicit, the MAFIA offers an opportunity to guide assessments of the context dependence of invasions at broad geographical scales.
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Fuentes N, Marticorena A, Saldaña A, Jerez V, Ortiz JC, Victoriano P, Moreno RA, Larraín J, Villaseñor-Parada C, Palfner G, Sánchez P, Pauchard A. Multi-taxa inventory of naturalized species in Chile. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.60.55366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Here we present a multi-taxa inventory of naturalized alien species recorded on continental Chile and adjacent marine habitats, including eight taxonomic groups. We identified 1,122 species. These comprise 790 vascular plants (terrestrial and aquatic); 31 nonvascular plants [Bryophyta (mosses), Marchantiophyta (liverworts) and Anthocerotophyta (hornworts)]; 18 marine and freshwater macro and micro algae; 71 fungi; 39 terrestrial vertebrates (amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds); 108 insects; 37 marine and freshwater invertebrates and vertebrates (6 polychaetes, 3 mollusks and 28 Pisces); and 28 terrestrial gastropods. For all taxonomic groups, naturalized species were found to mainly be distributed in regions with Mediterranean and temperate climates, with few at either extreme of the country. The invasion curves show that naturalized species first underwent a positive increment, followed by an apparent plateau phase, mainly in vascular plants, insects and vertebrates. In fungi, marine and freshwater macro and microalgae, vertebrates and invertebrates, the cumulative number of naturalized species increased sharply starting in the early 20th century; the lack of collections before 1900 is also evident. When considering naturalized species as a whole, this inventory highlights that the rate of new naturalizations consistently increased after 1950, especially for some taxonomic groups such as insects, fungi, and vascular plants. This multi-taxa inventory of naturalized species provides a platform for national reporting on biodiversity indicators and highlights areas where Chile must invest resources to manage biological invasions.
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Liedtke R, Barros A, Essl F, Lembrechts JJ, Wedegärtner REM, Pauchard A, Dullinger S. Hiking trails as conduits for the spread of non-native species in mountain areas. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRoadsides are major pathways of plant invasions in mountain regions. However, the increasing importance of tourism may also turn hiking trails into conduits of non-native plant spread to remote mountain landscapes. Here, we evaluated the importance of such trails for plant invasion in five protected mountain areas of southern central Chile. We therefore sampled native and non-native species along 17 trails and in the adjacent undisturbed vegetation. We analyzed whether the number and cover of non-native species in local plant assemblages is related to distance to trail and a number of additional variables that characterize the abiotic and biotic environment as well as the usage of the trail. We found that non-native species at higher elevations are a subset of the lowland source pool and that their number and cover decreases with increasing elevation and with distance to trails, although this latter variable only explained 4–8% of the variation in the data. In addition, non-native richness and cover were positively correlated with signs of livestock presence but negatively with the presence of intact forest vegetation. These results suggest that, at least in the region studied, hiking trails have indeed fostered non-native species spread to higher elevations, although less efficiently than roadsides. As a corollary, appropriate planning and management of trails could become increasingly important to control plant invasions into mountains in a world which is warming and where visitation and recreational use of mountainous areas is expected to increase.
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Osunkoya OO, Froese JG, Nicol S, Perrett C, Moore K, Callander J, Campbell S. A risk-based inventory of invasive plant species of Queensland, Australia: Regional, ecological and floristic insights. AUSTRAL ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun O. Osunkoya
- Invasive Plant and Animal Science Unit; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Biosecurity Queensland; Eco-sciences Precinct; Brisbane Queensland 4102 Australia
| | - Jens G. Froese
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity; Eco-sciences Precinct; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Sam Nicol
- CSIRO Land and Water; Eco-sciences Precinct; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Christine Perrett
- Invasive Plant and Animal Science Unit; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Biosecurity Queensland; Eco-sciences Precinct; Brisbane Queensland 4102 Australia
| | - Kerri Moore
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity; Eco-sciences Precinct; Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Jason Callander
- Invasive Plant and Animal Science Unit; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Biosecurity Queensland; Eco-sciences Precinct; Brisbane Queensland 4102 Australia
| | - Shane Campbell
- Invasive Plant and Animal Science Unit; Department of Agriculture and Fisheries; Biosecurity Queensland; Tropical Weeds Research Centre; Charters Towers Queensland Australia
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences; The University of Queensland; Gatton Queensland Australia
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Martín-Forés I, Casado MA, Castro I, del Pozo A, Molina-Montenegro M, De Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B. Variation in phenology and overall performance traits can help to explain the plant invasion process amongst Mediterranean ecosystems. NEOBIOTA 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.41.29965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Plant traits such as phenological development, growth rate, stress tolerance and seeds production may play an important role in the process of acclimatisation to new environments for introduced plants. Experiments that distinguish phenotypic plasticity from ecotypic differentiation would allow an understanding of the role of plant traits in the invasion process. We quantified the variation in phenological and overall performance traits associated with the invasion process for three herbaceous species native to Spain and invasive to Chile (Trifoliumglomeratum, Hypochaerisglabra and Leontodonsaxatilis). We grew plants from native and exotic populations along rainfall gradients in outdoor common gardens, located in the native and the introduced ranges and measured plant survival, phenology (days to flowering), biomass and seed output. Days to flowering was positively correlated with precipitation of the origin population for T.glomeratum and the native populations of H.glabra, but this pattern was not adaptive, as it was not associated with an increase in performance traits of these species. Phenology may instead reflect ecotypic differentiation to the environmental conditions of the original populations. Comparison between ranges (i.e. performance in both common gardens) was only possible for L.saxatilis. This species showed little variation in phenology and both native and exotic populations had higher fitness in the introduced range. This suggests that plasticity enhances invasiveness through increased propagule pressure in the novel environment. Our findings highlight the utility of common garden experiments in examining patterns of phenological and performance traits that relate to species invasiveness.
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Witt A, Beale T, van Wilgen BW. An assessment of the distribution and potential ecological impacts of invasive alien plant species in eastern Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/0035919x.2018.1529003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Witt
- CABI Africa, P.O. Box 633-00621, Nairobi, Kenya
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Tim Beale
- CABI United Kingdom, Nosworthy Way, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8DE, UK
| | - Brian W. van Wilgen
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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Casado MA, Martín-Forés I, Castro I, de Miguel JM, Acosta-Gallo B. Asymmetric flows and drivers of herbaceous plant invasion success among Mediterranean-climate regions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16834. [PMID: 30442993 PMCID: PMC6237776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35294-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms that support the arrival, establishment and spread of species over an introduced range is crucial in invasion ecology. We analysed the unintentionally introduced herbaceous species that are naturalised in the five Mediterranean-climate regions. There is an asymmetry in the species flows among regions, being the Iberian Peninsula the main donor to the other regions. At interregional scale, the species’ capacity to spread among regions is related to the ecological versatility of the species in the donor area (Iberian Peninsula). At intraregional scale, the species’ capacity to successfully occupy a complete region first depends on the time elapsed from its introduction and afterwards on the degree of occurrence in the region of origin, which is commonly related to its chance of coming into contact with humans. Information on exotic species in their origin region provides insights into invasion process and decision-making to reduce the risks of future invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Casado
- Ecology, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Irene Martín-Forés
- Ecology, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Sciences, Spanish National Research Council, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Castro
- Department of Ecology, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M de Miguel
- Ecology, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Acosta-Gallo
- Ecology, Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Sánchez-Blanco J, Vega-Peña EV, Espinosa-García FJ. Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis does not explain the spread of nonnative weed species naturalized in México. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5444. [PMID: 30128203 PMCID: PMC6100849 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite numerous tests of Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis (DNH) evidence for its support or rejection is still contradictory. We tested a DNH derived prediction stating that nonnative species (NNS) without native congeneric relatives (NCR) will spread to a greater number of localities than species with close relatives in the new range. This test controlled the effect of residence time (Rt) on the spread of NNS and used naturalized species beyond their lag phase to avoid the effect of stochastic events in the establishment and the lag phases that could obscure the NCR effects on NNS. Methods We compared the number of localities (spread) occupied by NNS with and without NCR using 13,977 herbarium records for 305 NNS of weeds. We regressed the number of localities occupied by NNS versus Rt to determine the effect of time on the spread of NNS. Then, we selected the species with Rt greater than the expected span of the lag phase, whose residuals were above and below the regression confidence limits; these NNS were classified as widespread (those occupying more localities than expected by Rt) and limited-spread (those occupying fewer localities than expected). These sets were again subclassified into two groups: NNS with and without NCR at the genus level. The number of NNS with and without NCR was compared using χ2 tests and Spearman correlations between the residuals and the number of relatives. Then, we grouped the NNS using 34 biological attributes and five usages to identify the groups’ possible associations with spread and to test DNH. To identify species groups, we performed a nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis and evaluated the influences of the number of relatives, localities, herbarium specimens, Rt, and residuals of regression. The Spearman correlation and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to determine if the DNH prediction was met. Additionally, we used the clustering objects on subsets of attributes (COSA) method to identify possible syndromes (sets of biological attributes and usages) associated to four groups of NNS useful to test DNH (those with and without NCR and those in more and fewer localities than expected by Rt). Results Residence time explained 33% of the variation in localities occupied by nonnative trees and shrubs and 46% of the variation for herbs and subshrubs. The residuals of the regression for NNS were not associated with the number or presence of NCR. In each of the NMDS groups, the number of localities occupied by NNS with and without NCR did not significantly differ. The COSA analysis detected that only NNS with NCR in more and fewer localities than expected share biological attributes and usages, but they differ in their relative importance. Discussion Our results suggest that DNH does not explain the spread of naturalized species in a highly heterogeneous country. Thus, the presence of NCR is not a useful characteristic in risk analyses for naturalized NNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Sánchez-Blanco
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ernesto V. Vega-Peña
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Francisco J. Espinosa-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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Urban park area and age determine the richness of native and exotic plants in parks of a Latin American city: Santiago as a case study. Urban Ecosyst 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-018-0743-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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British plants as aliens in New Zealand cities: residence time moderates their impact on the beta diversity of urban floras. Biol Invasions 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-017-1590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jácome-Flores ME, Delibes M, Wiegand T, Fedriani JM. Spatial patterns of an endemic Mediterranean palm recolonizing old fields. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:8556-8568. [PMID: 28031807 PMCID: PMC5167057 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout Europe, increased levels of land abandonment lead to (re)colonization of old lands by forests and shrublands. Very little is known about the spatial pattern of plants recolonizing such old fields. We mapped in two 21-22-ha plots, located in the Doñana National Park (Spain), all adult individuals of the endozoochorous dwarf palm Chamaerops humilisL. and determined their sex and sizes. We used techniques of spatial point pattern analysis (SPPA) to precisely quantify the spatial structure of these C. humilis populations. The objective was to identify potential processes generating the patterns and their likely consequences on palm reproductive success. We used (1) Thomas point process models to describe the clustering of the populations, (2) random labeling to test the sexual spatial segregation, and (3) mark correlation functions to assess spatial structure in plant sizes. Plants in both plots showed two critical scales of clustering, with small clusters of a radius of 2.8-4 m nested within large clusters with 38-44 m radius. Additional to the clustered individuals, 11% and 27% of all C. humilis individuals belonged to a random pattern that was independently superimposed to the clustered pattern. The complex spatial pattern of C. humilis could be explained by the effect of different seed-dispersers and predators' behavior and their relative abundances. Plant sexes had no spatial segregation. Plant sizes showed a spatial aggregation inside the clusters, with a decreasing correlation with distance. Clustering of C. humilis is strongly reliant on its seed dispersers and stressful environmental conditions. However, it seems that the spatial patterns and dispersal strategies of the dwarf palm make it a successful plant for new habitat colonization. Our results provide new information on the colonization ability of C. humilis and can help to develop management strategies to recover plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel E Jácome-Flores
- Department of Conservation Biology Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC) Seville Spain
| | - Miguel Delibes
- Department of Conservation Biology Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC) Seville Spain
| | - Thorsten Wiegand
- Department of Ecological Modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ Leipzig Germany; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - José M Fedriani
- Department of Conservation Biology Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC) Seville Spain; Department of Ecological Modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ Leipzig Germany; Technical University of Lisbon Institute of Agronomy Centre for Applied Ecology Lisboa Portugal
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de Miguel JM, Martín-Forés I, Acosta-Gallo B, del Pozo A, Ovalle C, Sánchez-Jardón L, Castro I, Casado MA. Non-random co-occurrence of native and exotic plant species in Mediterranean grasslands. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cadotte MW, Murray BR, Lovett-Doust J. Evolutionary and ecological influences of plant invader success in the flora of Ontario. ECOSCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.2980/i1195-6860-13-3-388.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sánchez MA, Cid P, Navarrete H, Aguirre C, Chacón G, Salazar E, Prieto H. Outcrossing potential between 11 important genetically modified crops and the Chilean vascular flora. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:625-637. [PMID: 26052925 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on biodiversity is one of the main concerns in an environmental risk assessment (ERA). The likelihood of outcrossing and pollen-mediated gene flow from GM crops and non-GM crops are explained by the same principles and depend primarily on the biology of the species. We conducted a national-scale study of the likelihood of outcrossing between 11 GM crops and vascular plants in Chile by use of a systematized database that included cultivated, introduced and native plant species in Chile. The database included geographical distributions and key biological and agronomical characteristics for 3505 introduced, 4993 native and 257 cultivated (of which 11 were native and 246 were introduced) plant species. Out of the considered GM crops (cotton, soya bean, maize, grape, wheat, rice, sugar beet, alfalfa, canola, tomato and potato), only potato and tomato presented native relatives (66 species total). Introduced relative species showed that three GM groups were formed having: a) up to one introduced relative (cotton and soya bean), b) up to two (rice, grape, maize and wheat) and c) from two to seven (sugar beet, alfalfa, canola, tomato and potato). In particular, GM crops presenting introduced noncultivated relative species were canola (1 relative species), alfalfa (up to 4), rice (1), tomato (up to 2) and potato (up to 2). The outcrossing potential between species [OP; scaled from 'very low' (1) to 'very high' (5)] was developed, showing medium OPs (3) for GM-native relative interactions when they occurred, low (2) for GMs and introduced noncultivated and high (4) for the grape-Vitis vinifera GM-introduced cultivated interaction. This analytical tool might be useful for future ERA for unconfined GM crop release in Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Sánchez
- Asociación Gremial ChileBio CropLife, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Cid
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Humberto Navarrete
- Molecular Fruit Phytopathology Laboratory, Facultad Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Chile, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Aguirre
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Chacón
- Computer Sciences Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Erika Salazar
- Genetic Resources Unit and Germplasm Bank, La Platina Research Station, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Humberto Prieto
- Biotechnology Laboratory, La Platina Research Station, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
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Pyšek P, Manceur AM, Alba C, McGregor KF, Pergl J, Stajerová K, Chytrý M, Danihelka J, Kartesz J, Klimesova J, Lucanova M, Moravcová L, Nishino M, Sadlo J, Suda J, Tichy L, Kühn I. Naturalization of central European plants in North America: species traits, habitats, propagule pressure, residence time. Ecology 2015; 96:762-74. [PMID: 26236872 DOI: 10.1890/14-1005.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The factors that promote invasive behavior in introduced plant species occur across many scales of biological and ecological organization. Factors that act at relatively small scales, for example, the evolution of biological traits associated with invasiveness, scale up to shape species distributions among different climates and habitats, as well as other characteristics linked to invasion, such as attractiveness for cultivation (and by extension propagule pressure). To identify drivers of invasion it is therefore necessary to disentangle the contribution of multiple factors that are interdependent. To this end, we formulated a conceptual model describing the process of invasion of central European species into North America based on a sequence of "drivers." We then used confirmatory path analysis to test whether the conceptual model is supported by a statistical model inferred from a comprehensive database containing 466 species. The path analysis revealed that naturalization of central European plants in North America, in terms of the number of North American regions invaded, most strongly depends on residence time in the invaded range and the number of habitats occupied by species in their native range. In addition to the confirmatory path analysis, we identified the effects of various biological traits on several important drivers of the conceptualized invasion process. The data supported a model that included indirect effects of biological traits on invasion via their effect on the number of native range habitats occupied and cultivation in the native range. For example, persistent seed banks and longer flowering periods are positively correlated with number of native habitats, while a stress-tolerant life strategy is negatively correlated with native range cultivation. However, the importance of the biological traits is nearly an order of magnitude less than that of the larger scale drivers and highly dependent on the invasion stage (traits were associated only with native range drivers). This suggests that future research should explicitly link biological traits to the different stages of invasion, and that a failure to consider residence time or characteristics of the native range may seriously overestimate the role of biological traits, which, in turn, may result in spurious predictions of plant invasiveness.
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Moravcová L, Pyšek P, Jarošík V, Pergl J. Getting the right traits: reproductive and dispersal characteristics predict the invasiveness of herbaceous plant species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123634. [PMID: 25906399 PMCID: PMC4407890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the effect of species traits on plant invasion, we collected comparative data on 20 reproductive and dispersal traits of 93 herbaceous alien species in the Czech Republic, central Europe, introduced after 1500 A. D. We explain plant invasion success, expressed by two measures: invasiveness, i.e. whether the species is naturalized but non-invasive, or invasive; and dominance in plant communities expressed as the mean cover in vegetation plots. We also tested how important reproductive and dispersal traits are in models including other characteristics generally known to predict invasion outcome, such as plant height, life history and residence time. By using regression/classification trees we show that the biological traits affect invasion success at all life stages, from reproduction (seed production) to dispersal (propagule properties), and the ability to compete with resident species (height). By including species traits information not usually available in multispecies analyses, we provide evidence that traits do play important role in determining the outcome of invasion and can be used to distinguish between alien species that reach the final stage of the invasion process and dominate the local communities from those that do not. No effect of taxonomy ascertained in regression and classification trees indicates that the role of traits in invasiveness should be assessed primarily at the species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Moravcová
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Jarošík
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pergl
- Department of Invasion Ecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
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Stinca A, Chirico GB, Incerti G, Bonanomi G. Regime shift by an exotic nitrogen-fixing shrub mediates plant facilitation in primary succession. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123128. [PMID: 25835015 PMCID: PMC4383633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem invasion by non-native, nitrogen-fixing species is a global phenomenon with serious ecological consequences. However, in the Mediterranean basin few studies addressed the impact of invasion by nitrogen-fixing shrubs on soil quality and hydrological properties at local scale, and the possible effects on succession dynamics and ecosystem invasibility by further species. In this multidisciplinary study we investigated the impact of Genista aetnensis (Biv.) DC., an exotic nitrogen-fixing shrub, on the Vesuvius Grand Cone (Southern Italy). Specifically, we tested the hypotheses that the invasion of G. aetnensis has a significant impact on soil quality, soil hydrological regime, local microclimate and plant community structure, and that its impact increases during the plant ontogenetic cycle. We showed that G. aetnensis, in a relatively short time-span (i.e. ~ 40 years), has been able to build-up an island of fertility under its canopy, by accumulating considerable stocks of C, N, and P in the soil, and by also improving the soil hydrological properties. Moreover, G. aetnensis mitigates the daily range of soil temperature, reducing the exposure of coexisting plants to extremely high temperatures and water loss by soil evaporation, particularly during the growing season. Such amelioration of soil quality, coupled with the mitigation of below-canopy microclimatic conditions, has enhanced plant colonization of the barren Grand Cone slopes, by both herbaceous and woody species. These results suggest that the invasion of G. aetnensis could eventually drive to the spread of other, more resource-demanding exotic species, promoting alternative successional trajectories that may dramatically affect the local landscape. Our study is the first record of the invasion of G. aetnensis, an additional example of the regime shifts driven by N-fixing shrubs in Mediterranean region. Further studies are needed to identity specific management practices that can limit the spread and impacts of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Stinca
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, via Università 100, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Chirico
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, via Università 100, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Guido Incerti
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, via Università 100, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Giuliano Bonanomi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, via Università 100, Portici (Naples), Italy
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Casado MA, Acosta-Gallo B, Sánchez-Jardón L, Martín-Forés I, Castro I, Ovalle C, del Pozo A, de Miguel JM. Interactive effects of source and recipient habitats on plant invasions: distribution of exotic species in Chile. DIVERS DISTRIB 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Casado
- Department of Ecology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Belén Acosta-Gallo
- Department of Ecology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Jardón
- Department of Ecology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Irene Martín-Forés
- Department of Ecology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Isabel Castro
- Department of Ecology; Faculty of Sciences; Autónoma University of Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos Ovalle
- Agricultural Research Institute INIA-La Cruz; Chorrillos No 86 Comuna La Cruz, Quillota, Casilla 3 La Cruz Chile
| | - Alejandro del Pozo
- Department of Agricultural Production; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences; University of Talca; Talca Chile
| | - José M. de Miguel
- Department of Ecology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; 28040 Madrid Spain
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Martín-Forés I, Sánchez-Jardón L, Acosta-Gallo B, del Pozo A, Castro I, de Miguel JM, Ovalle C, Casado MA. From Spain to Chile: environmental filters and success of herbaceous species in Mediterranean-climate regions. Biol Invasions 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-014-0805-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Shah MA, Callaway RM, Shah T, Houseman GR, Pal RW, Xiao S, Luo W, Rosche C, Reshi ZA, Khasa DP, Chen S. Conyza canadensis suppresses plant diversity in its nonnative ranges but not at home: a transcontinental comparison. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 202:1286-1296. [PMID: 24548283 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The impact of invasive species across their native and nonnative ranges is poorly quantified and this impedes a complete understanding of biological invasions. We compared the impact of the native North American plant, Conyza canadensis, which is invasive to Eurasia, on species richness at home and in a number of introduced regions through well replicated transcontinental field studies, glasshouse experiments and individual-based models. Our results demonstrated mostly negative relationships between C. canadensis abundance and native species richness in nonnative ranges, but either positive or no relationships in its native North American range. In glasshouse experiments, the total biomass of Conyza was suppressed more by species from its native range than by species from regions where it is nonnative, but the effects of Conyza on other species did not show a consistent biogeographical pattern. Finally, individual-based models led to the exclusion of Conyza from North American scenarios but to high abundances in scenarios with species from the nonnative ranges of Conyza. We illustrate biogeographical differences in the impact of an invader across regional scales and suggest that inherent differences in one specific aspect of competitive ability, tolerance to the effects of other species, may play some role in these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzoor A Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Tabasum Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Gregory R Houseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Robert W Pal
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Pecs, Ifjusagu, 6, H-7624, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Sa Xiao
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Christoph Rosche
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, D-06108, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190 006, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Damase P Khasa
- Centre for Forest Research and Institute for Systems and Integrative Biology, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, GIV0A6, Canada
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
- Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu People's Republic of China
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31
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García Y, Callaway RM, Diaconu A, Montesinos D. Invasive and non-invasive congeners show similar trait shifts between their same native and non-native ranges. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82281. [PMID: 24358163 PMCID: PMC3866105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in morphological or ecological traits expressed by exotic species between their native and non-native ranges are often interpreted as evidence for adaptation to new conditions in the non-native ranges. In turn this adaptation is often hypothesized to contribute to the successful invasion of these species. There is good evidence for rapid evolution by many exotic invasives, but the extent to which these evolutionary changes actually drive invasiveness is unclear. One approach to resolving the relationship between adaptive responses and successful invasion is to compare traits between populations from the native and non-native ranges for both exotic invaders and congeners that are exotic but not invasive. We compared a suite of morphological traits that are commonly tested in the literature in the context of invasion for three very closely related species of Centaurea, all of which are sympatric in the same native and non-native ranges in Europe and North America. Of these, C. solstitialis is highly invasive whereas C. calcitrapa and C. sulphurea are not. For all three species, plants from non-native populations showed similar shifts in key traits that have been identified in other studies as important putative adaptive responses to post-introduction invasion. For example, for all three species plants from populations in non-native ranges were (i) larger and (ii) produced seeds that germinated at higher rates. In fact, the non-invasive C. calcitrapa showed the strongest trait shift between ranges. Centaurea solstitialis was the only species for which plants from the non-native range increased allocation to defensive spines, and allocated proportionally less resources to reproduction, patterns contrary to what would be predicted by theory and other empirical studies to enhance invasion. Our results suggest caution when interpreting the commonly observed increase in size and reproductive capacity as factors that cause exotics to become invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedra García
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Ragan M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Alecu Diaconu
- Biological Control Laboratory, Institute of Biological Research Iaşi, Iaşi, Romania
| | - Daniel Montesinos
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre desertificación (CIDE CSIC-UV-GV), Montcada, València, Spain
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32
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Zenni RD. Analysis of introduction history of invasive plants in Brazil reveals patterns of association between biogeographical origin and reason for introduction. AUSTRAL ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dudeque Zenni
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; The University of Tennessee; 569 Dabney Hall Knoxville TN 37996 USA
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33
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Dawson W, Keser L, Winter M, Pyšek P, Kartesz J, Nishino M, Fuentes N, Chytrý M, Celesti-Grapow L, van Kleunen M. Correlations between global and regional measures of invasiveness vary with region size. NEOBIOTA 2013. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.16.4351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Lavoie C, Shah MA, Bergeron A, Villeneuve P. Explaining invasiveness from the extent of native range: new insights from plant atlases and herbarium specimens. DIVERS DISTRIB 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Lavoie
- École supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional; Université Laval; Quebec City; QC; G1A 0V6; Canada
| | - Manzoor A. Shah
- Department of Botany; University of Kashmir; Srinagar; 190006; Jammu and Kashmir; India
| | - Alexandre Bergeron
- Institut de recherche en biologie végétale; Université de Montréal; 4101 Sherbrooke Street (East); Montréal; QC; H1X 2B2; Canada
| | - Paul Villeneuve
- École supérieure d'aménagement du territoire et de développement régional; Université Laval; Quebec City; QC; G1A 0V6; Canada
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35
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Fuentes N, Pauchard A, Sánchez P, Esquivel J, Marticorena A. A new comprehensive database of alien plant species in Chile based on herbarium records. Biol Invasions 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Dainese M, Poldini L. Does residence time affect responses of alien species richness to environmental and spatial processes? NEOBIOTA 2012. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.14.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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How robust is the Australian Weed Risk Assessment protocol? A test using pine invasions in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Biol Invasions 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-011-0133-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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38
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Khoroon LV. On possibilities of determination of degree of invasion threat delay of alien plant species. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s2075111711040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Kelly CK, Blundell SJ, Bowler MG, Fox GA, Harvey PH, Lomas MR, Ian Woodward F. The statistical mechanics of community assembly and species distribution. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2011; 191:819-827. [PMID: 21534968 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03721.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
• Theoretically, communities at or near their equilibrium species number resist entry of new species. Such 'biotic resistance' recently has been questioned because of successful entry of alien species into diverse natural communities. • Data on 10,409 naturalizations of 5350 plant species over 16 sites dispersed globally show exponential distributions both for species over sites and for sites over number of species shared. These exponentials signal a statistical mechanics of species distribution, assuming two conditions. First, species and sites are equivalent, either identical ('neutral') or so complex that the chance a species is in the right place at the right time is vanishingly small ('idiosyncratic'); the range of species and sites in our data disallows a neutral explanation. Secondly, the total number of naturalizations is fixed in any era by a 'regulator'. • Previous correlation of species naturalization rates with net primary productivity over time suggests that the regulator is related to productivity. • We conclude that biotic resistance is a moving ceiling, with resistance controlled by productivity. The general observation that the majority of species occur naturally at only a few sites, and only a few species occur at many sites, now has a quantitative (exponential) character, offering the study of species' distributions a previously unavailable rigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen K Kelly
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Stephen J Blundell
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - Michael G Bowler
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - Gordon A Fox
- Department of Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Paul H Harvey
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Mark R Lomas
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - F Ian Woodward
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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40
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Catford JA, Vesk PA, White MD, Wintle BA. Hotspots of plant invasion predicted by propagule pressure and ecosystem characteristics. DIVERS DISTRIB 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00794.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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41
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Figueroa JA, Teillier S, Castro SA. Diversity patterns and composition of native and exotic floras in central Chile. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Essl F, Milasowszky N, Dirnböck T. Plant invasions in temperate forests: Resistance or ephemeral phenomenon? Basic Appl Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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PHILLIPS MEGANL, MURRAY BRADR, LEISHMAN MICHELLER, INGRAM ROBERT. The naturalization to invasion transition: Are there introduction-history correlates of invasiveness in exotic plants of Australia? AUSTRAL ECOL 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2009.02076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Residence time and human-mediated propagule pressure at work in the alien flora of Galapagos. Biol Invasions 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-010-9822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Spread of exotic plants in the landscape: the role of time, growth habit, and history of invasiveness. Biol Invasions 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-010-9707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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46
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Pyšek P, Jarošík V, Pergl J, Randall R, Chytrý M, Kühn I, Tichý L, Danihelka J, Chrtek jun J, Sádlo J. The global invasion success of Central European plants is related to distribution characteristics in their native range and species traits. DIVERS DISTRIB 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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47
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La Sorte FA, Pysek P. Extra-regional residence time as a correlate of plant invasiveness: European archaeophytes in North America. Ecology 2009; 90:2589-97. [PMID: 19769136 DOI: 10.1890/08-1528.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A La Sorte
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0116, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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48
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Kotiluoto R, Ruokolainen K, Kettunen M. InvasiveAcacia auriculiformisBenth. in different habitats in Unguja, Zanzibar. Afr J Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00920.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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49
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Dullinger S, Kleinbauer I, Peterseil J, Smolik M, Essl F. Niche based distribution modelling of an invasive alien plant: effects of population status, propagule pressure and invasion history. Biol Invasions 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-009-9424-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Catford JA, Jansson R, Nilsson C. Reducing redundancy in invasion ecology by integrating hypotheses into a single theoretical framework. DIVERS DISTRIB 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 701] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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