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Corr M, McKeaveney C, Wurm F, Courtney A, Noble H. Patient education interventions for adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients- a scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288807. [PMID: 37459325 PMCID: PMC10351733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence and young adulthood are high risk periods for kidney transplant recipients. The reasons for this are complex; but are predominantly thought to be due to poor adherence to immunosuppressive medications. Patient education can help support young recipients to reduce their risk of behaviour-related transplant loss. The aim of this review was to understand what is known about education interventions targeted at adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients. METHODS Systematic scoping review methodology was utilised. Six online databases were searched for suitable articles. Articles were selected for full text review following title and abstract screening. Articles deemed eligible to be included in the review had data extracted, which were qualitatively analysed using thematic analysis. Findings were validated through a consultation exercise with both young recipients and healthcare professionals. RESULTS 29 studies were eligible for inclusion in the review. There was a high level of heterogeneity in the content, mode, design, and measurement of efficacy of interventions in the selected studies. Traditional face-to-face education and transition clinics were the most common educational interventions. Using technology to enhance patient education was also a major theme identified. Few studies reported using educational theory or involving patients in intervention design. DISCUSSION Four key research gaps were identified. 1.) Lack of educational theory in intervention design 2.) Lack of patient/ stakeholder involvement 3.) Identifying best way to measure efficacy 4.) identifying novel future research questions within already well established paediatric and educational frameworks. Addressing these gaps in future research will help inform best-practice in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Corr
- School of Medicine- Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Clare McKeaveney
- School of Nusring- Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Fina Wurm
- School of Nusring- Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Aisling Courtney
- Regional Nephrology & Transplant Unit-Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Helen Noble
- School of Nusring- Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Varty M, Popejoy LL. A Systematic Review of Transition Readiness in Youth with Chronic Disease. West J Nurs Res 2019; 42:554-566. [PMID: 31530231 DOI: 10.1177/0193945919875470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transition of chronically ill adolescents and young adults to adult health care is poorly managed, leading to poor outcomes due to insufficient disease knowledge and a lack of requisite skills to self-manage their chronic disease. This review analyzed 33 articles published between 2009 and 2019 to identify factors associated with transition readiness in adolescents and young adults with chronic diseases, which can be used to design effective interventions. Studies were predominantly cross-sectional survey designs that were guided by interdisciplinary research teams, assessed adolescents and young adults ages 12-26 years, and conducted in the outpatient setting. Modifiable factors, including psychosocial and self-management/transition education factors, and non-modifiable factors, including demographic/ecological and disease factors, associated with transition readiness were identified. Further research is necessary to address gaps identified in this review prior to intervention development, and there is a need for additional longitudinal studies designed to provide perspective on how transition readiness changes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Varty
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Lori L Popejoy
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Cho MH. Pediatric kidney transplantation is different from adult kidney transplantation. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2018; 61:205-209. [PMID: 30032586 PMCID: PMC6106688 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2018.61.7.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Kidney transplantation (KT) is the gold standard for renal replacement therapy in pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease. Recently, it has been observed that the outcome of pediatric KT is nearly identical to that in adults owing to the development and application of a variety of immunosuppressants and newer surgical techniques. However, owing to several differences in characteristics between children and adults, pediatric KT requires that additional information be learned and is associated with added concerns. These differences include post-KT complications, donor-recipient size mismatch, problems related to growth, and nonadherence to therapy, among others. This review was aimed at elucidating the clinical characteristics of pediatric KT that differ from those observed in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyun Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Different Demands, Same Goal: Promoting Transition Readiness in Adolescents and Young Adults With and Without Medical Conditions. J Adolesc Health 2017; 60:727-733. [PMID: 28274737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine differences in transition readiness, self-involvement and parental involvement in completing medical tasks, and general self-efficacy between a sample of older adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with medical conditions and a sample of healthy peers. Relations among these variables were also examined. METHODS The sample included 494 AYAs (mean age = 19.30 years, standard deviation = 1.33) who reported on their levels of transition readiness, self-involvement and parental involvement in completing medical tasks, and general self-efficacy. RESULTS AYAs with medical conditions reported significantly higher levels of transition readiness and self-involvement in completing medical tasks and lower levels of parent involvement in completing medical tasks than healthy peers. Parent involvement in completing medical tasks indirectly related to transition readiness through AYA self-involvement in completing medical tasks for both AYAs with medical conditions and healthy peers. CONCLUSIONS AYAs with medical conditions appear to have greater transition readiness skills and demonstrate more independence in completing medical tasks than healthy peers. For AYAs with medical conditions and healthy peers, transition readiness appears to be enhanced as parents decrease their involvement in completing AYAs' medical tasks and AYAs increase self-involvement in completing these tasks. AYAs with medical conditions, as well as healthy peers, may benefit from programming delivered in primary care, specialty clinic, or educational settings that focuses on increasing AYAs' involvement in and responsibility for managing their health care.
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Marchak JG, Reed-Knight B, Amaral S, Mee L, Blount RL. Providers' assessment of transition readiness among adolescent and young adult kidney transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant 2015; 19:849-57. [PMID: 26508553 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Readiness for Transition Questionnaire- provider version (RTQ-Provider) was developed to evaluate adolescent patients' transition readiness and healthcare behaviors from the perspective of the healthcare provider. The RTQ-Provider is a parallel version of the RTQ-Teen and RTQ-Parent completed by patients and parents. This study seeks to evaluate the psychometric properties of the RTQ-Provider and its utility as a clinical transition planning tool. Participants consisted of 49 kidney transplant recipients between the ages of 15 and 21. The RTQ-Provider was completed by the pediatric nephrologist and psychologist from the multidisciplinary healthcare team and compared to RTQ data from teens and parents. The RTQ-Provider demonstrated good-to-excellent internal consistency and interrater reliability. Construct validity was supported through significant predictive relationships between providers' perceptions of transition readiness and older patient age, increased patient healthcare responsibility, and decreased parent involvement in health care. By providing parallel teen, parent, and provider forms, the RTQ has the potential to foster open communication between patients, families, and healthcare team members regarding transition readiness. The study provides initial support for the RTQ-Provider as a clinical tool to assess providers' perceptions of transition readiness; however, future longitudinal research is needed to evaluate predictive validity following patients' transfer to adult care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Gilleland Marchak
- Aflac Cancer Center at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bonney Reed-Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sandra Amaral
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura Mee
- Department of Transplant Services at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ronald L Blount
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Kreuzer M, Prüfe J, Oldhafer M, Bethe D, Dierks ML, Müther S, Thumfart J, Hoppe B, Büscher A, Rascher W, Hansen M, Pohl M, Kemper MJ, Drube J, Rieger S, John U, Taylan C, Dittrich K, Hollenbach S, Klaus G, Fehrenbach H, Kranz B, Montoya C, Lange-Sperandio B, Ruckenbrodt B, Billing H, Staude H, Heindl-Rusai K, Brunkhorst R, Pape L. Transitional Care and Adherence of Adolescents and Young Adults After Kidney Transplantation in Germany and Austria: A Binational Observatory Census Within the TRANSNephro Trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2196. [PMID: 26632907 PMCID: PMC4674210 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition from child to adult-oriented care is widely regarded a challenging period for young people with kidney transplants and is associated with a high risk of graft failure. We analyzed the existing transition structures in Germany and Austria using a questionnaire and retrospective data of 119 patients transferred in 2011 to 2012. Most centers (73%) confirmed agreements on the transition procedure. Patients' age at transfer was subject to regulation in 73% (18 years). Median age at transition was 18.3 years (16.5-36.7). Median serum creatinine increased from 123 to 132 μmol/L over the 12 month observation period before transfer (P = 0.002). A total of 25/119 patients showed increased creatinine ≥ 20% just before transfer. Biopsy proven rejection was found in 10/119 patients. Three patients lost their graft due to chronic graft nephropathy.Mean coefficient of variation (CoV%) of immunosuppression levels was 0.20 ± 0.1. Increased creatinine levels ≥ 20% just before transfer were less frequently seen in patients with CoV < 0.20 (P = 0.007). The majority of pediatric nephrology centers have internal agreements on transitional care. More than half of the patients had CoV of immunosuppression trough levels consistent with good adherence. Although, 20% of the patients showed increase in serum creatinine close to transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kreuzer
- From the Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School (MK, JP, JD, LP); German Society of Transition Medicine, Hannover (MK, MO, SM, LP); Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg (DB, SR); Department of Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health System Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover (M-LD); Berliner Transitions Programm (BTP), DRK-Kliniken (German Red Cross hospitals) Berlin Westend (SM); Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Charité, Berlin (JT); University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn (BH); Department of Pediatrics II, Essen University Hospital, Essen (AB); Childrens' Hospital, University of Erlangen, Erlangen (WR); KfH Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Clementine Childrens' Hospital, Frankfurt (MH); Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Freiburg University Hospital, Freiburg (MP); University Childrens' Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg (MJK); University Childrens' Hospital, Jena (UJ); Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne (CT); University Childrens' Hospital (KD); KfH Center of Pediatric Nephrology, St. Georg Hospital, Leipzig (SH); KfH Center of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital of Marburg, Marburg (GK); KfH Center of Pediatric Nephrology, Childrens' Hospital Memmingen, Memmingen (HF); University Childrens' Hospital Münster (BK); KfH Center of Pediatric Nephrology, University Childrens' Hospital München Schwabing (CM); Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Ludwigs Maximilian University, Munich (BL-S); Childrens' Hospital, Olgahospital Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart (BR); University Childrens' Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen (HB); University Childrens' Hospital, Rostock, Germany (HS); University Childrens' Hospital, Vienna, Austria (KH-R); and KfH Center of Nephrology, Hospitals of the Hannover Region, Hannover, Germany (RB)
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Heightened graft failure risk during emerging adulthood and transition to adult care. Pediatr Nephrol 2015; 30:567-76. [PMID: 24890339 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-014-2859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood, defined as the interval between 18 and 25 years of age, is a socially-defined developmental stage. Although people in this age group appear physically mature, brain maturation is not complete until the end of this period. Perhaps due to this immaturity and a resulting inferior ability to manage chronic illness emerging adults with a variety of chronic health conditions are at a high risk for adverse outcomes. In this review I will summarize evidence that emerging adulthood constitutes a high-risk period for kidney transplant recipients, and consider the possible reasons for the spike in graft failure risk during this age interval-including age-related adherence behaviour and the changes in care organization, processes and structures associated with transfer from pediatric to adult-oriented care. I will also discuss evidence showing transfer from pediatric to adult-oriented care contributes to this elevated risk, and highlight the limitations and challenges of studies examining this question. Finally, I will direct readers to resources providing guidance on the best practices for care of patients transitioning to adult care.
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Fredericks EM, Zelikovsky N, Aujoulat I, Hames A, Wray J. Post-transplant adjustment--the later years. Pediatr Transplant 2014; 18:675-88. [PMID: 25220845 PMCID: PMC4179879 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
As survival rates for pediatric solid organ transplantation have continued to improve, researchers and healthcare providers have increasingly focused on understanding and enhancing the HRQOL and psychosocial functioning of their patients. This manuscript reviews the psychosocial functioning of pediatric transplant recipients during the "later years," defined as more than three yr post-transplant, and focuses on the day-to-day impact of living with a transplant after the immediate period of adjustment and early years after surgery. Key topics reviewed include HRQOL, cognitive functioning, impact on the family, regimen adherence, and transition of responsibility for self-management tasks. Overall, pediatric transplant recipients evidence impairment in HRQOL, neuropsychological outcomes, and family functioning as compared to non-transplant recipients. However, the degree of impairment is influenced by a variety of factors including, disease severity, age, solid organ type, and study methodologies. Studies are limited by small samples, cross-sectional design, and the lack of universal assessment battery to allow for comparisons across solid organ populations. Areas for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Fredericks
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan and C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital
| | - Nataliya Zelikovsky
- Department of Psychology, La Salle University and The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Isabelle Aujoulat
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institute of Health & Society (IRSS), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anna Hames
- Institute of Liver Studies, King’s College Hospital, London UK
| | - Jo Wray
- Critical Care and Cardiorespiratory Division, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London UK
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Aujoulat I, Janssen M, Libion F, Charles AS, Struyf C, Smets F, Stephenne X, de Magnée C, Sokal E, Lerut J, Ciccarelli O, Reding R. Internalizing motivation to self-care: a multifaceted challenge for young liver transplant recipients. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:357-365. [PMID: 24572011 DOI: 10.1177/1049732314523505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The transition from parent-controlled care to self-managed care represents an important challenge for adolescents with chronic conditions. We sought to gain a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the internalization of motivation to self-care in adolescent liver transplant recipients. We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with 18 young patients. We triangulated the data collected from the patients with data from parents and health care providers, and used an inductive approach to analyze the data. Our results illustrate three interrelated challenges that impact on young patients' motivation to self-care: (a) the cognitive challenge of fully understanding one's condition and personal health risks; (b) the behavioral challenge of developing independence regarding self-management issues; and (c) the psychological challenge of building a sense of self-ownership and purpose. The latter involves overcoming the trauma of survival and coming to terms with feelings of obligation, two challenges inherent to transplantation that warrant further investigation.
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