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Rawat S, Jugran AK, Sharma H. Recent advancements in the physiological, genetic, and genomic research on Rhododendrons for trait improvement. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:164. [PMID: 38808301 PMCID: PMC11128433 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
High species diversity, hybridization potential, broad geographical dispersal range and ornamental characteristics (i.e., attractive size, shape, structure, flowers, and evergreen) have fetched a good international market for Rhododendron. However, most species are restricted to specific geographic areas due to their habitat specificity in acidic soil and cold climates, resulting many species being classified under threat categories of the IUCN. In this review, advances in research on Rhododendron for improvement to floral display quality and stress resistance have been described. The low genetic barrier among species has created opportunities for extensive hybridization and ploidy alteration for introducing quality and adaptive traits during the development of new varieties. Recent technological advances have supported investigations into the mechanism of flower development, as well as cold tolerance and pathogen resistance mechanisms in the Rhododendron. However, most of the species have limited adaptability to drought, line-tolerance, pathogen resistance, and high-temperature conditions and this resistance ability present in few species largely remains unexplored. Additionally, the available genetic diversity and genomic information on species, and possibilities for their application in molecular breeding have been summarized. Overall, genomic resource data are scarce in the majority of the members of this genus. Finally, various research gaps such as genetic mapping of quality traits, understanding the molecular mechanism of quality-related traits and genomic assortment in Rhododendron members have been discussed in the future perspective section. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04006-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rawat
- Sikkim Regional Centre, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim 737101 India
| | - Arun K. Jugran
- Garhwal Regional Centre, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Srinagar, Uttarakhand 246174 India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306 India
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229 India
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Jiang WJ, Wang MT, Du ZY, Li JH, Shi Y, Wang X, Wu LY, Chen J, Zhong M, Yang J, Hu BH, Huang J. Bioinformatic and functional analysis of OsDHN2 under cadmium stress. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:170. [PMID: 37209314 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As a toxic heavy metal, cadmium (Cd) is one of the principal pollutants influencing rice productivity and food security. Despite several studies, the underlying mechanism of Cd response in plants remains largely unclear. Dehydrins are part of the late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) family which protect plants against abiotic stresses. In this study, a Cd-responsive LEA gene, OsDHN2, was functionally characterized. The chromosome localization results indicated that OsDHN2 was located on chromosome 2 of rice. Meanwhile, cis-acting elements, such as MBS (MYB binding site involved in drought-inducibility), ARE (anaerobic induction), and ABRE (abscisic acid), were present in the OsDHN2 promoter region. Expression pattern analysis also showed that OsDHN2 expression was induced in both roots and shoots under Cd stress. Overexpression of OsDHN2 improved Cd tolerance and reduced Cd concentration in yeast. Moreover, increased expression levels of SOD1, CTA1, GSH1, or CTT1 were found in transgenic yeast under Cd stress, suggesting the increased antioxidant enzymatic activities. These results suggested that OsDHN2 is a Cd-responsive gene that has the potential to improve resistance to Cd in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Jiang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng-Ting Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Ye Du
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Hao Li
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Shi
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Long-Ying Wu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Min Zhong
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Ju Yang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin-Hua Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Huang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China.
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Olechowska E, Słomnicka R, Kaźmińska K, Olczak-Woltman H, Bartoszewski G. The genetic basis of cold tolerance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)-the latest developments and perspectives. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:597-608. [PMID: 35838983 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the main causes of yield losses in plant production in temperate climate areas. Cold stress slows down and even stops plant growth and development and causes injuries that may result in the plant's death. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), an economically important vegetable, is sensitive to low temperatures, thus improving cold tolerance in cucumber would benefit cucumber producers, particularly those farming in temperate climates and higher altitude areas. So far, single cucumber accessions showing different degrees of cold tolerance have been identified, and genetic studies have revealed biparentally and maternally inherited genetic factors responsible for chilling tolerance. Paternally transmitted chilling tolerance has also been suggested. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed germination ability at low temperature and seedling recovery from chilling have been described. Several transgenic attempts have been made to improve cold tolerance in cucumber. Despite numerous studies, the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in cucumber have still not been sufficiently elucidated. In this review, we summarise the results of research focused on understanding the genetic basis of cold tolerance in cucumber and their implications for cucumber breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Olechowska
- Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Słomnicka
- Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Kaźmińska
- Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Helena Olczak-Woltman
- Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartoszewski
- Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, Warsaw, Poland.
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Liu J, Dai M, Li J, Zhang Y, Ren Y, Xu J, Gao W, Guo S. Expression, Purification, and Preliminary Protection Study of Dehydrin PicW1 From the Biomass of Picea wilsonii. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:870672. [PMID: 35480979 PMCID: PMC9036995 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.870672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins (DHNs) belong to group II of late embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins, which are up-regulated in most plants during cold, drought, heat, or salinity stress. Despite the importance of dehydrins for the plants to resist abiotic stresses, it is necessary to obtain plant-derived dehydrins from different biomass. Generally, dehydrin PicW1 from Picea wilsonii is involved in Kn-type dehydrin with five K-segments, which has a variety of biological activities. In this work, Picea wilsonii dehydrin PicW1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by chitin-affinity chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography, which showed as a single band by SDS-PAGE. A cold-sensitive enzyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is used to explore the protective activities of other proteins. Temperature stress assays showed that PicW1 had an effective protective effect on LDH activity, which was better than that of bovine serum albumin (BSA). This study provides insights into the purification and protective activity of K5 DHNs for the advancement of dehydrin structure and function from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Liu
- Biological Physics Laboratory, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Dai
- Biological Physics Laboratory, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Li
- Biological Physics Laboratory, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Zhang
- Biological Physics Laboratory, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangjie Ren
- Biological Physics Laboratory, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Jichen Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Biological Physics Laboratory, College of Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Transcriptomic analysis of OsRUS1 overexpression rice lines with rapid and dynamic leaf rolling morphology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6736. [PMID: 35468979 PMCID: PMC9038715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Moderate leaf rolling helps to form the ideotype of rice. In this study, six independent OsRUS1-GFP overexpression (OsRUS1-OX) transgenic rice lines with rapid and dynamic leaf rolling phenotype in response to sunlight were constructed. However, the mechanism is unknown. Here, RNA-Seq approach was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes between flag leaves of OsRUS1-OX and wildtype under sunlight. 2920 genes were differentially expressed between OsRUS1-OX and WT, of which 1660 upregulated and 1260 downregulated. Six of the 16 genes in GO: 0009415 (response to water stimulus) were significantly upregulated in OsRUS1-OX. The differentially expressed genes between WT and OsRUS1-OX were assigned to 110 KEGG pathways. 42 of the 222 genes in KEGG pathway dosa04075 (Plant hormone signal transduction) were differentially expressed between WT and OsRUS1-OX. The identified genes in GO:0009415 and KEGG pathway dosa04075 were good candidates to explain the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX. The expression patterns of the 15 genes identified by RNA-Seq were verified by qRT-PCR. Based on transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analysis, a mechanism for the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX was proposed. The differential expression profiles between WT and OsRUS1-OX established by this study provide important insights into the molecular mechanism behind the leaf rolling phenotype of OsRUS1-OX.
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Yadav C, Bahuguna RN, Dhankher OP, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Physiological and molecular signatures reveal differential response of rice genotypes to drought and drought combination with heat and salinity stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:899-910. [PMID: 35592483 PMCID: PMC9110620 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rice is the staple food for more than 3.5 billion people worldwide. The sensitivity of rice to heat, drought, and salinity is well documented. However, rice response to combinations of these stresses is not well understood. A contrasting set of rice genotypes for heat (N22, Gharib), drought (Moroberekan, Pusa 1121) and salinity (Pokkali, IR64) were selected to characterize their response under drought, and combination of drought with heat and salinity at the sensitive seedling stage. Sensitive genotypes (IR64, Pusa 1121, Gharib) recorded higher reactive oxygen species accumulation (20-40%), membrane damage (8-65%) and reduction in photosynthetic efficiency (10-23%) across the stress and stress combinations as compared to stress tolerant checks. On the contrary, N22 and Pokkali performed best under drought + heat, and drought + salinity combination, respectively. Moreover, gene expression pattern revealed the highest expression of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and GATA28a in N22 under heat + drought, whereas the highest expression of CAT, APX, superoxide dismutase (SOD), DEHYDRIN, GATA28a and GATA28b in Pokkali under drought + salinity. Interestingly, the phenotypic variation and expression level of genes highlighted the role of different set of physiological traits and genes under drought and drought combination with heat and salinity stress. This study reveals that rice response to stress combinations was unique with rapid readjustment at physiological and molecular levels. Moreover, phenotypic changes under stress combinations showed substantial adaptive plasticity in rice, which warrant further investigations at molecular level. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01162-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhaya Yadav
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Rajeev Nayan Bahuguna
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Sneh L. Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab 140306 India
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The Halophyte Dehydrin Sequence Landscape. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020330. [PMID: 35204830 PMCID: PMC8869203 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins (DHNs) belong to the LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) family group II, that comprise four conserved motifs (the Y-, S-, F-, and K-segments) and are known to play a multifunctional role in plant stress tolerance. Based on the presence and order of these segments, dehydrins are divided into six subclasses: YnSKn, FnSKn, YnKn, SKn, Kn, and KnS. DHNs are rarely studied in halophytes, and their contribution to the mechanisms developed by these plants to survive in extreme conditions remains unknown. In this work, we carried out multiple genomic analyses of the conservation of halophytic DHN sequences to discover new segments, and examine their architectures, while comparing them with their orthologs in glycophytic plants. We performed an in silico analysis on 86 DHN sequences from 10 halophytic genomes. The phylogenetic tree showed that there are different distributions of the architectures among the different species, and that FSKn is the only architecture present in every plant studied. It was found that K-, F-, Y-, and S-segments are highly conserved in halophytes and glycophytes with a few modifications, mainly involving charged amino acids. Finally, expression data collected for three halophytic species (Puccinillia tenuiflora, Eutrema salsugenium, and Hordeum marinum) revealed that many DHNs are upregulated by salt stress, and the intensity of this upregulation depends on the DHN architecture.
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Hwarari D, Guan Y, Ahmad B, Movahedi A, Min T, Hao Z, Lu Y, Chen J, Yang L. ICE-CBF-COR Signaling Cascade and Its Regulation in Plants Responding to Cold Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031549. [PMID: 35163471 PMCID: PMC8835792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress limits plant geographical distribution and influences plant growth, development, and yields. Plants as sessile organisms have evolved complex biochemical and physiological mechanisms to adapt to cold stress. These mechanisms are regulated by a series of transcription factors and proteins for efficient cold stress acclimation. It has been established that the ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway in plants regulates how plants acclimatize to cold stress. Cold stress is perceived by receptor proteins, triggering signal transduction, and Inducer of CBF Expression (ICE) genes are activated and regulated, consequently upregulating the transcription and expression of the C-repeat Binding Factor (CBF) genes. The CBF protein binds to the C-repeat/Dehydration Responsive Element (CRT/DRE), a homeopathic element of the Cold Regulated genes (COR gene) promoter, activating their transcription. Transcriptional regulations and post-translational modifications regulate and modify these entities at different response levels by altering their expression or activities in the signaling cascade. These activities then lead to efficient cold stress tolerance. This paper contains a concise summary of the ICE-CBF-COR pathway elucidating on the cross interconnections with other repressors, inhibitors, and activators to induce cold stress acclimation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delight Hwarari
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.H.); (Y.G.); (B.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Yuanlin Guan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.H.); (Y.G.); (B.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Baseer Ahmad
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.H.); (Y.G.); (B.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Ali Movahedi
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.H.); (Y.G.); (B.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Tian Min
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.H.); (Y.G.); (B.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.)
| | - Zhaodong Hao
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Z.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ye Lu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Z.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jinhui Chen
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (Z.H.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (L.Y.)
| | - Liming Yang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (D.H.); (Y.G.); (B.A.); (A.M.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (L.Y.)
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Sun Y, Liu L, Sun S, Han W, Irfan M, Zhang X, Zhang L, Chen L. AnDHN, a Dehydrin Protein From Ammopiptanthus nanus, Mitigates the Negative Effects of Drought Stress in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:788938. [PMID: 35003177 PMCID: PMC8739915 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.788938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins (DHNs) play crucial roles in a broad spectrum of abiotic stresses in model plants. However, the evolutionary role of DHNs has not been explored, and the function of DHN proteins is largely unknown in Ammopiptanthus nanus (A. nanus), an ancient and endangered legume species from the deserts of northwestern China. In this study, we isolated a drought-response gene (c195333_g1_i1) from a drought-induced RNA-seq library of A. nanus. Evolutionary bioinformatics showed that c195333_g1_i1 is an ortholog of Arabidopsis DHN, and we renamed it AnDHN. Moreover, DHN proteins may define a class of proteins that are evolutionarily conserved in all angiosperms that have experienced a contraction during the evolution of legumes. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AnDHN exhibited morpho-physiological changes, such as an increased germination rate, higher relative water content (RWC), higher proline (PRO) content, increased peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities, lower contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and O2 -, and longer root length. Our results showed that the transgenic lines had improved drought resistance with deep root system architecture, excellent water retention, increased osmotic adjustment, and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging. Furthermore, the transgenic lines also had enhanced salt and cold tolerance. Our findings demonstrate that AnDHN may be a good candidate gene for improving abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Key Message: Using transcriptome analysis in Ammopiptanthus nanus, we isolated a drought-responsive gene, AnDHN, that plays a key role in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in plants, with strong functional diversification in legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shaokun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wangzhen Han
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Xiaojia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Accumulation Dynamics of Transcripts and Proteins of Cold-Responsive Genes in Fragaria vesca Genotypes of Differing Cold Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116124. [PMID: 34200124 PMCID: PMC8201005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying and characterizing cold responsive genes in Fragaria vesca associated with or responsible for low temperature tolerance is a vital part of strawberry cultivar development. In this study we have investigated the transcript levels of eight genes, two dehydrin genes, three putative ABA-regulated genes, two cold–inducible CBF genes and the alcohol dehydrogenase gene, extracted from leaf and crown tissues of three F. vesca genotypes that vary in cold tolerance. Transcript levels of the CBF/DREB1 transcription factor FvCBF1E exhibited stronger cold up-regulation in comparison to FvCBF1B.1 in all genotypes. Transcripts of FvADH were highly up-regulated in both crown and leaf tissues from all three genotypes. In the ‘ALTA’ genotype, FvADH transcripts were significantly higher in leaf than crown tissues and more than 10 to 20-fold greater than in the less cold-tolerant ‘NCGR1363’ and ‘FDP817’ genotypes. FvGEM, containing the conserved ABRE promoter element, transcript was found to be cold-regulated in crowns. Direct comparison of the kinetics of transcript and protein accumulation of dehydrins was scrutinized. In all genotypes and organs, the changes of XERO2 transcript levels generally preceded protein changes, while levels of COR47 protein accumulation preceded the increases in COR47 RNA in ‘ALTA’ crowns.
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Ohkubo T, Kameyama A, Kamiya K, Kondo M, Hara M. F-segments of Arabidopsis dehydrins show cryoprotective activities for lactate dehydrogenase depending on the hydrophobic residues. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 173:112300. [PMID: 32087435 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Although dehydrins show cryoprotective activities for freeze-sensitive enzymes, the underlying mechanism is still under investigation. Here, we report that F-segments conserved in some dehydrins cryoprotected lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as K-segments, which were previously identified as cryoprotective segments of dehydrins. The cryoprotective activity levels of four F-segments of Arabidopsis dehydrins were similar to that of a typical K-segment. Amino acid substitution experiments indicated that the activity of the F-segment of Arabidopsis COR47 (designated as Fseg) depended on the hydrophobic residues (L, F, and V). Intriguingly, when all the amino acids other than the hydrophobic residues were changed to glycine, the cryoprotective activity did not change, suggesting that the hydrophobic amino acids were sufficient for Fseg activity. Circular dichroism analysis indicated that Fseg was mainly disordered in aqueous solution as well as Fseg_Φ/T, in which the hydrophobic residues of Fseg were changed to T. This suggested that the hydrophobic interaction might be related to the cryoprotective activities of Fseg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ohkubo
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Ayuko Kameyama
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Keita Kamiya
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kondo
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hara
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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Cui H, Wang Y, Yu T, Chen S, Chen Y, Lu C. Heterologous Expression of Three Ammopiptanthus mongolicus Dehydrin Genes Confers Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9020193. [PMID: 32033313 PMCID: PMC7076708 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, a xerophyte plant that belongs to the family Leguminosae, adapts to extremely arid, hot, and cold environments, making it an excellent woody plant to study the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress tolerance. Three dehydrin genes, AmDHN132, AmDHN154, and AmDHN200 were cloned from abiotic stress treated A. mongolicus seedlings. Cytomembrane-located AmDHN200, nucleus-located AmDHN154, and cytoplasm and nucleus-located AmDHN132 were characterized by constitutive overexpression of their genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of AmDHN132, AmDHN154, and AmDHN200 in transgenic Arabidopsis improved salt, osmotic, and cold tolerances, with AmDHN132 having the largest effect, whereas the growth of transformed plants is not negatively affected. These results indicate that AmDHNs contribute to the abiotic stress tolerance of A. mongolicus and that AmDHN genes function differently in response to abiotic stresses. Furthermore, they have the potential to be used in the genetic engineering of stress tolerance in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Cui
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tingqiao Yu
- College of Life Science, Pecking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cunfu Lu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Divya K, Kavi Kishor PB, Bhatnagar-Mathur P, Singam P, Sharma KK, Vadez V, Reddy PS. Isolation and functional characterization of three abiotic stress-inducible (Apx, Dhn and Hsc70) promoters from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.). Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6039-6052. [PMID: 31468258 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pearl millet is a C4 cereal crop that grows in arid and semi-arid climatic conditions with the remarkable abiotic stress tolerance. It contributed to the understanding of stress tolerance not only at the physiological level but also at the genetic level. In the present study, we functionally cloned and characterized three abiotic stress-inducible promoters namely cytoplasmic Apx1 (Ascorbate peroxidase), Dhn (Dehydrin), and Hsc70 (Heat shock cognate) from pearl millet. Sequence analysis revealed that all three promoters have several cis-acting elements specific for temporal and spatial expression. PgApx pro, PgDhn pro and PgHsc70 pro were fused with uidA gene in Gateway-based plant transformation pMDC164 vector and transferred into tobacco through leaf-disc method. While PgApx pro and PgDhn pro were active in seedling stages, PgHsc70 pro was active in stem and root tissues of the T2 transgenic tobacco plants under control conditions. Higher activity was observed under high temperature and drought, and less in salt and cold stress conditions. Further, all three promoters displayed higher GUS gene expression in the stem, moderate expression in roots, and less expression in leaves under similar conditions. While RT-qPCR data showed that PgApx pro and PgDhn pro were expressed highly in high temperature, salt and drought, PgHsc70 pro was fairly expressed during high temperature stress only. Histochemical and RT-qPCR assays showed that all three promoters are inducible under abiotic stress conditions. Thus, these promoters appear to be immediate candidates for developing abiotic stress tolerant crops as these promoter-driven transgenics confer high degree of tolerance in comparison with the wild-type (WT) plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kummari Divya
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - P B Kavi Kishor
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India
| | - Prashanth Singam
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Kiran K Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India
| | - Vincent Vadez
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India
| | - Palakolanu Sudhakar Reddy
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, 502 324, India.
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14
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Yang Z, Sheng J, Lv K, Ren L, Zhang D. Y 2SK 2 and SK 3 type dehydrins from Agapanthus praecox can improve plant stress tolerance and act as multifunctional protectants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 284:143-160. [PMID: 31084867 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two dehydrins from Agapanthus praecox (ApY2SK2 and ApSK3) show important protective effects under complex stresses. Both ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 contain one intron and consist of a full-length cDNA of 981 bp and 1057 bp encoding 186 and 215 amino acids, respectively. ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana show reduced plasma membrane damage and ROS levels and higher antioxidant activity and photosynthesis capability under salt, osmotic, cold and drought stresses compared with the wild-type. ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 are mainly located in the cytoplasm and cell membrane, and ApY2SK2 can even localize in the nucleus. In vitro tests indicate that ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 can effectively protect enzyme activity during the freeze-thaw process, and ApY2SK2 also exhibits this function during desiccation treatment. Furthermore, ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 can significantly inhibit hydroxyl radical generation. These two dehydrins can bind metal ions with a binding affinity of Co2+> Ni2+> Cu2+> Fe3+; the binding affinity of ApSK3 is higher than that of ApY2SK2. Thus, ApY2SK2 has a better protective effect on enzyme activity, and ApSK3 has stronger metal ion binding function and effect on ROS metabolism. Moreover, plant cryopreservation evaluation tests indicate that ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 transformation can enhance the seedling survival ratio from 23% to 47% and 55%, respectively; the addition of recombinant ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 to plant vitrification solution may increase the survival ratio of wild-type A. thaliana seedlings from 24% to 50% and 46%, respectively. These findings suggest that ApY2SK2 and ApSK3 can effectively improve cell stress tolerance and have great potential for in vivo or in vitro applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of Landscape Science and Engineering, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiangyuan Sheng
- Department of Landscape Science and Engineering, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ke Lv
- Department of Landscape Science and Engineering, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Landscape Science and Engineering, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Landscape Science and Engineering, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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15
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Wei H, Yang Y, Himmel ME, Tucker MP, Ding SY, Yang S, Arora R. Identification and Characterization of Five Cold Stress-Related Rhododendron Dehydrin Genes: Spotlight on a FSK-Type Dehydrin With Multiple F-Segments. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:30. [PMID: 30847341 PMCID: PMC6393390 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrins are a family of plant proteins that accumulate in response to dehydration stresses, such as low temperature, drought, high salinity, or during seed maturation. We have previously constructed cDNA libraries from Rhododendron catawbiense leaves of naturally non-acclimated (NA; leaf LT50, temperature that results in 50% injury of maximum, approximately -7°C) and cold-acclimated (CA; leaf LT50 approximately -50°C) plants and analyzed expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Five ESTs were identified as dehydrin genes. Their full-length cDNA sequences were obtained and designated as RcDhn 1-5. To explore their functionality vis-à-vis winter hardiness, their seasonal expression kinetics was studied at two levels. Firstly, in leaves of R. catawbiense collected from the NA, CA, and de-acclimated (DA) plants corresponding to summer, winter and spring, respectively. Secondly, in leaves collected monthly from August through February, which progressively increased freezing tolerance from summer through mid-winter. The expression pattern data indicated that RcDhn 1-5 had 6- to 15-fold up-regulation during the cold acclimation process, followed by substantial down-regulation during deacclimation (even back to NA levels for some). Interestingly, our data shows RcDhn 5 contains a histidine-rich motif near N-terminus, a characteristic of metal-binding dehydrins. Equally important, RcDhn 2 contains a consensus 18 amino acid sequence (i.e., ETKDRGLFDFLGKKEEEE) near the N-terminus, with two additional copies upstream, and it is the most acidic (pI of 4.8) among the five RcDhns found. The core of this consensus 18 amino acid sequence is a 11-residue amino acid sequence (DRGLFDFLGKK), recently designated in the literature as the F-segment (based on the pair of hydrophobic F residues it contains). Furthermore, the 208 orthologs of F-segment-containing RcDhn 2 were identified across a broad range of species in GenBank database. This study expands our knowledge about the types of F-segment from the literature-reported single F-segment dehydrins (FSKn) to two or three F-segment dehydrins: Camelina sativa dehydrin ERD14 as F2S2Kn type; and RcDhn 2 as F3SKn type identified here. Our results also indicate some consensus amino acid sequences flanking the core F-segment in dehydrins. Implications for these cold-responsive RcDhn genes in future genetic engineering efforts to improve plant cold hardiness are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States.,Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Yongfu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael E Himmel
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Biosciences Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Melvin P Tucker
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Bioenergy Center, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Shi-You Ding
- DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rajeev Arora
- Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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16
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Wang X, Li M, Liu X, Zhang L, Duan Q, Zhang J. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Castor ( Ricinus communis L.) Seeds During Early Imbibition Provided Novel Insights into Cold Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E355. [PMID: 30654474 PMCID: PMC6359183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Early planting is one of the strategies used to increase grain yield in temperate regions. However, poor cold tolerance in castor inhibits seed germination, resulting in lower seedling emergence and biomass. Here, the elite castor variety Tongbi 5 was used to identify the differential abundance protein species (DAPS) between cold stress (4 °C) and control conditions (30 °C) imbibed seeds. As a result, 127 DAPS were identified according to isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) strategy. These DAPS were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, translation and posttranslational modification, stress response, lipid transport and metabolism, and signal transduction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) demonstrated that the quantitative proteomics data collected here were reliable. This study provided some invaluable insights into the cold stress responses of early imbibed castor seeds: (1) up-accumulation of all DAPS involved in translation might confer cold tolerance by promoting protein synthesis; (2) stress-related proteins probably protect the cell against damage caused by cold stress; (3) up-accumulation of key DAPS associated with fatty acid biosynthesis might facilitate resistance or adaptation of imbibed castor seeds to cold stress by the increased content of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA). The data has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD010043.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Min Li
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Xuming Liu
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Lixue Zhang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Qiong Duan
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
| | - Jixing Zhang
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Industrial Engineering Research Center of Universities for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Inner Mongolia Collaborate Innovation Cultivate Center for Castor, Tongliao 028000, China.
- Horqin Plant Stress Biology Research Institute of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China.
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17
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Singer SD, Hannoufa A, Acharya S. Molecular improvement of alfalfa for enhanced productivity and adaptability in a changing environment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1955-1971. [PMID: 29044610 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to an expanding world population and increased buying power, the demand for ruminant products such as meat and milk is expected to grow substantially in coming years, and high levels of forage crop production will therefore be a necessity. Unfortunately, urbanization of agricultural land, intensive agricultural practices, and climate change are all predicted to limit crop production in the future, which means that the development of forage cultivars with improved productivity and adaptability will be essential. Because alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most widely cultivated perennial forage crops, it has been the target of much research in this field. In this review, we discuss progress that has been made towards the improvement of productivity, abiotic stress tolerance, and nutrient-use efficiency, as well as disease and pest resistance, in alfalfa using biotechnological techniques. Furthermore, we consider possible future priorities and avenues for attaining further enhancements in this crop as a means of contributing to the realization of food security in a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy D Singer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London Research and Development Centre, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Surya Acharya
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, T1J 4B1, Canada
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18
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Zhou Y, He P, Xu Y, Liu Q, Yang Y, Liu S. Overexpression of CsLEA11, a Y 3SK 2-type dehydrin gene from cucumber (Cucumis sativus), enhances tolerance to heat and cold in Escherichia coli. AMB Express 2017; 7:182. [PMID: 28963660 PMCID: PMC5622017 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As the group II LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) proteins, dehydrins (DHNs) play an important role in plant growth and development, as well as in response to abiotic or biotic stress challenges. In this study, a DHN gene named CsLEA11 was identified and characterized from Cucumis sativus. Sequence analysis of CsLEA11 showed that it is a Y3SK2-type DHN protein rich in hydrophilic amino acids. Expression analyses revealed that the transcription of CsLEA11 could be significantly induced by heat and cold stress. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 and isopropy-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) was used to induce recombinant E. coli to express CsLEA11 gene. Overexpression of CsLEA11 in E. coli enhanced cell viability and conferred tolerance to heat and cold stress. Furthermore, CsLEA11 protein could protect the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) under heat stress. Taken together, our data demonstrate that CsLEA11 might function in tolerance of cucumber to heat and cold stress.
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19
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Basu S, Rabara R. Abscisic acid — An enigma in the abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Dong C, Yang M, Wang H, Mi J. Identification and expression analyses of two lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) dehydrin genes in response to adverse temperatures, ABA and IAA treatments. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Genome-wide analysis of rice dehydrin gene family: Its evolutionary conservedness and expression pattern in response to PEG induced dehydration stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176399. [PMID: 28459834 PMCID: PMC5411031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses adversely affect cellular homeostasis, impairing overall growth and development of plants. These initial stress signals activate downstream signalling processes, which, subsequently, activate stress-responsive mechanisms to re-establish homeostasis. Dehydrins (DHNs) play an important role in combating dehydration stress. Rice (Oryza sativa L.), which is a paddy crop, is susceptible to drought stress. As drought survival in rice might be viewed as a trait with strong evolutionary selection pressure, we observed DHNs in the light of domestication during the course of evolution. Overall, 65 DHNs were identified by a genome-wide survey of 11 rice species, and 3 DHNs were found to be highly conserved. The correlation of a conserved pattern of DHNs with domestication and diversification of wild to cultivated rice was validated by synonymous substitution rates, indicating that Oryza rufipogon and Oryza sativa ssp. japonica follow an adaptive evolutionary pattern; whereas Oryza nivara and Oryza sativa ssp. indica demonstrate a conserved evolutionary pattern. A comprehensive analysis of tissue-specific expression of DHN genes in japonica and their expression profiles in normal and PEG (poly ethylene glycol)-induced dehydration stress exhibited a spatiotemporal expression pattern. Their interaction network reflects the cross-talk between gene expression and the physiological processes mediating adaptation to dehydration stress. The results obtained strongly indicated the importance of DHNs, as they are conserved during the course of domestication.
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22
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Qihong Z, Jie L, Xiao X, Qian X, Wei G, Jichen X. PicW orthologs from spruce with differential freezing tolerance expressed in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:595-602. [PMID: 28315763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Spruce can grow at an extra low temperature (LT), and is inferred with important antifreezing gene resources. The research here identified 4 different spruce varieties, named as PicW1, PicW2, PicM and PicK. Sequence alignment showed base-substitution and deficiency mutations among them with sequence identity between 97.61% and 99.25%. Each gene was transferred into E. coli, where protein was induced by IPTG (isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside). Strains cultured at -5°C showed the lethal dose 50% (LD-50) between 53h and 57h for the transgenic strains, but 35h for the control. Strains cultivated at -20°C showed the LD-50 between 38h and 44h for the transgenic strains, but 25h for the control. Further, the soluble gene proteins were extracted and purified for Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) test, which showed characteristic thermal hysteresis (TH) value of 0.77°C (PicW1), 0.78°C (PicW2), 0.72°C (PicM), and 0.86°C (PicK) respectively, significantly higher than the value of 0.05°C of the control (BSA). Summarily, four homologous proteins showed good antifreeze property with the range from high to low as PicK>PicW2>PicW1>PicM. It suggested that they can be used as resources for genetic engineering of plant cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qihong
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China.
| | - Liu Jie
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China.
| | - Xu Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Xu Qian
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Gao Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China
| | - Xu Jichen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, 100083, China.
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23
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Fu C, Wang F, Liu W, Liu D, Li J, Zhu M, Liao Y, Liu Z, Huang H, Zeng X, Ma X. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals New Insights into High-Temperature-Dependent Glume-Unclosing in an Elite Rice Male Sterile Line. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:112. [PMID: 28261226 PMCID: PMC5306291 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Glume-unclosing after anthesis is a widespread phenomenon in hybrid rice and also a maternal hereditary trait. The character of Glume-unclosing in rice male sterile lines also seriously influences germination rate and the commercial quality of hybrid rice seeds. We validated that the type of glume-unclosing after anthesis in the elite rice thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (TGMS) line RGD-7S was caused by high temperature. Transcriptomic sequencing of rice panicles was performed to explore the change of transcript profiles under four conditions: pre- and post-anthesis under high temperature (HRGD0 and HRGD1), and pre- and post-anthesis under low temperature (LRGD0 and LRGD1). We identified a total of 14,540 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including some heat shock factors (HSFs) across the four samples. We found that more genes were up-regulated than down-regulated in the sample pair HRGD1vsHRGD0. These up-regulated genes were significantly enriched in the three biological processes of carbohydrate metabolism, response to water and cell wall macromolecular metabolism. Simultaneously, we also found that the HSF gene OsHsfB1 was specially up-regulated in HRGD1vsHRGD0. However, the down-regulated DEGs in LRGD1vsLRGD0 were remarkably clustered in the biological process of carbohydrate metabolism. This suggests that carbohydrate metabolism may play a key role in regulation of glume-unclosing under high temperature in RGD-7S. We also analyzed the expression pattern of genes enriched in carbohydrate metabolism and several HSF genes under different conditions and provide new insights into the cause of rice glume-unclosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyun Fu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Wuge Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Dilin Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Manshan Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Yilong Liao
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Zhenrong Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Huang
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Zeng
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhi Ma
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice BreedingGuangzhou, China
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Bao F, Du D, An Y, Yang W, Wang J, Cheng T, Zhang Q. Overexpression of Prunus mume Dehydrin Genes in Tobacco Enhances Tolerance to Cold and Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:151. [PMID: 28224001 PMCID: PMC5293821 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins, known as group 2 or D-11 family late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) proteins, play important roles in plant growth and stress tolerance. Six dehydrin genes were previously identified from the genome of Prunus mume. In this study, five of them (PmLEA8, PmLEA10, PmLEA19, PmLEA20, and PmLEA29) were cloned from cold-resistant P. mume 'Beijingyudie'. Real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that all these genes could be up-regulated by one or several treatments (ABA, SA, low temperature, high temperature, PEG, and NaCl treatments). The results of spot assay demonstrated that the expression of all these dehydrins, except PmLEA8, conferred improved osmotic and freezing-resistance to the recombinant Escherichia coli. So four dehydrin genes, PmLEA10, PmLEA19, PmLEA20 and PmLEA29 were chosen for individual over-expression in tobacco plants. The transgenic tobacco plants showed lower relative content of malondialdehyde, relative electrolyte leakage and higher relative content of water than control plants when exposed to cold and drought stress. These results demonstrated that PmLEAs were involved in plant responses to cold and drought.
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Artlip TS, Wisniewski ME, Takatsuji H, Bassett CL. Engineering carpel-specific cold stress tolerance: a case study in Arabidopsis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2016; 157:469-478. [PMID: 26806544 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Climate change predictions forecast an increase in early spring frosts that could result in severe damage to perennial crops. For example, the Easter freeze of April 2007 left several states in the United States reporting a complete loss of that year's peach crop. The most susceptible organ to early frost damage in fruit trees is the carpel, particularly during bloom opening. In this study, we explored the use of a carpel-specific promoter (ZPT2-10) from petunia (Petunia hybrida var. Mitchell) to drive expression of the peach dehydrin PpDhn1. In peach, this gene is exceptionally responsive to low temperature but has not been observed to be expressed in carpels. This study examined carpel-specific properties of a petunia promoter driving the expression of the GUS gene (uidA) in transgenic Arabidopsis flowers and developed a carpel-specific ion leakage test to assess freezing tolerance. A homozygous Arabidopsis line (line 1-20) carrying the petunia ZPT2-10 promoter::PpDhn1 construct was obtained and freezing tolerance in the transgenic line was compared with an untransformed control. Overexpression of PpDhn1 in line 1-20 provided as much as a 1.9°C increase in carpel freezing tolerance as measured by electrolyte leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Artlip
- USDA, ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA
| | - Michael E Wisniewski
- USDA, ARS, Appalachian Fruit Research Station, 2217 Wiltshire Road, Kearneysville, WV, 25430, USA
| | - Hiroshi Takatsuji
- Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan
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Zhang W, Zhang H, Ning L, Li B, Bao M. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Provides Novel Insights into Cold Stress Responses in Petunia Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:136. [PMID: 26941746 PMCID: PMC4766708 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is a major adverse environmental factor that impairs petunia growth and development. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of cold stress adaptation of petunia plants, a quantitative proteomic analysis using iTRAQ technology was performed to detect the effects of cold stress on protein expression profiles in petunia seedlings which had been subjected to 2°C for 5 days. Of the 2430 proteins whose levels were quantitated, a total of 117 proteins were discovered to be differentially expressed under low temperature stress in comparison to unstressed controls. As an initial study, 44 proteins including well known and novel cold-responsive proteins were successfully annotated. By integrating the results of two independent Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses, seven common GO terms were found of which "oxidation-reduction process" was the most notable for the cold-responsive proteins. By using the subcellular localization tool Plant-mPLoc predictor, as much as 40.2% of the cold-responsive protein group was found to be located within chloroplasts, suggesting that the chloroplast proteome is particularly affected by cold stress. Gene expression analyses of 11 cold-responsive proteins by real time PCR demonstrated that the mRNA levels were not strongly correlated with the respective protein levels. Further activity assay of anti-oxidative enzymes showed different alterations in cold treated petunia seedlings. Our investigation has highlighted the role of antioxidation mechanisms and also epigenetic factors in the regulation of cold stress responses. Our work has provided novel insights into the plant response to cold stress and should facilitate further studies regarding the molecular mechanisms which determine how plant cells cope with environmental perturbation. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002189.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Luyun Ning
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Bei Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Manzhu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
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Qin YX, Qin F. Dehydrins from wheat x Thinopyrum ponticum amphiploid increase salinity and drought tolerance under their own inducible promoters without growth retardation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 99:142-9. [PMID: 26756791 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins confer abiotic stress tolerance in seedlings, but few dehydrins have been studied by transgenic analysis under their own promoters in relation to abiotic stress tolerance. Also the inducible promoters for transgenic engineering are limited. In this study, we isolated from wheat three salt-induced YSK2 dehydrin genes and their promoters. The cDNA sequences were 711, 785, and 932 bp in length, encoding proteins containing 133, 166 and 231 amino acids, respectively, and were named TaDHN1, TaDHN2, and TaDHN3. TaDHN2 doesn't contain introns, while the other two genes each contain one. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed all three dehydrin genes are substantially induced by ABA and NaCl, but only TaDHN2 is induced in seedlings by PEG and by cold (4 °C). Regulatory sequences upstream of the first translation codon (775, 1615 and 889 bp) of the three dehydrin genes were also cloned. Cis-element prediction indicated the presence of ABRE and other abiotic-stress-related elements. Histochemical analysis using GUS expression demonstrated that all three promoters were induced by ABA, cold or NaCl. Ectopic over-expression of TaDHN1 or TaDHN3 in Arabidopsis under their own inducible promoters enhanced NaCl- and drought-stress tolerance without growth retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiang Qin
- University of Jinan, School of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Biological Science, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Fangyuan Qin
- Department of School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, 550025, PR China
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Singh J, Reddy PS, Reddy CS, Reddy MK. Molecular cloning and characterization of salt inducible dehydrin gene from the C4 plant Pennisetum glaucum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Charrier G, Ngao J, Saudreau M, Améglio T. Effects of environmental factors and management practices on microclimate, winter physiology, and frost resistance in trees. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:259. [PMID: 25972877 PMCID: PMC4411886 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Freezing stress is one of the most important limiting factors determining the ecological distribution and production of tree species. Assessment of frost risk is, therefore, critical for forestry, fruit production, and horticulture. Frost risk is substantial when hazard (i.e., exposure to damaging freezing temperatures) intersects with vulnerability (i.e., frost sensitivity). Based on a large number of studies on frost resistance and frost occurrence, we highlight the complex interactive roles of environmental conditions, carbohydrates, and water status in frost risk development. To supersede the classical empirical relations used to model frost hardiness, we propose an integrated ecophysiologically-based framework of frost risk assessment. This framework details the individual or interactive roles of these factors, and how they are distributed in time and space at the individual-tree level (within-crown and across organs). Based on this general framework, we are able to highlight factors by which different environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, light, flood, and drought), and management practices (pruning, thinning, girdling, sheltering, water aspersion, irrigation, and fertilization) influence frost sensitivity and frost exposure of trees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jérôme Ngao
- INRA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marc Saudreau
- INRA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Améglio
- INRA, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Thakur A, Bhatla SC. Proteomic analysis of oil body membrane proteins accompanying the onset of desiccation phase during sunflower seed development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1030100. [PMID: 26786011 PMCID: PMC4854339 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1030100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A noteworthy metabolic signature accompanying oil body (OB) biogenesis during oilseed development is associated with the modulation of the oil body membranes proteins. Present work focuses on 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE)-based analysis of the temporal changes in the OB membrane proteins analyzed by LC-MS/MS accompanying the onset of desiccation (20-30 d after anthesis; DAA) in the developing seeds of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Protein spots unique to 20-30 DAA stages were picked up from 2-D gels for identification and the identified proteins were categorized into 7 functional classes. These include proteins involved in energy metabolism, reactive oxygen scavenging, proteolysis and protein turnover, signaling, oleosin and oil body biogenesis-associated proteins, desiccation and cytoskeleton. At 30 DAA stage, exclusive expressions of enzymes belonging to energy metabolism, desiccation and cytoskeleton were evident which indicated an increase in the metabolic and enzymatic activity in the cells at this stage of seed development (seed filling). Increased expression of cruciferina-like protein and dehydrin at 30 DAA stage marks the onset of desiccation. The data has been analyzed and discussed to highlight desiccation stage-associated metabolic events during oilseed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Thakur
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Department of Botany; University of Delhi; Delhi, India
| | - Satish C Bhatla
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry; Department of Botany; University of Delhi; Delhi, India
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Szabala BM, Fudali S, Rorat T. Accumulation of acidic SK₃ dehydrins in phloem cells of cold- and drought-stressed plants of the Solanaceae. PLANTA 2014; 239:847-63. [PMID: 24395200 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-2018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The role of acidic SK(n) dehydrins in stress tolerance of important crop and model species of the Solanaceae remains unknown. We have previously shown that the acidic SK₃ dehydrin DHN24 from Solanum sogarandinum is constitutively expressed and its expression is associated with cold acclimation. Here we found that DHN24 is specifically localized to phloem cells of vegetative organs of non-acclimated plants. More precise localization of DHN24 revealed that it is primarily found in sieve elements (SEs) and companion cells (CCs) of roots and stems. In cold-acclimated plants, DHN24 is mainly present in all cell types of the phloem. Dhn24 transcripts are also predominantly localized to phloem cells of cold-acclimated stems. Immunoelectron microscopy localized DHN24 to the cytosol and close to organelle membranes of phloem cells, the lumen with phloem protein filaments, parietal cytoplasm of SEs and the nucleoplasm of some nuclei. Cell fractionation experiments revealed that DHN24 was detected in the cytosolic, nuclear and microsomal fractions. We also determined whether homologous members of the acidic subclass dehydrins from Capsicum annuum and Lycopersicon chilense share the characteristics of DHN24. We showed that they are also constitutively expressed, but their protein level is upregulated preferentially by drought stress. Immunofluorescent localization revealed that they are detected in SEs and CCs of unstressed plants and throughout the phloem in drought-stressed plants. These results suggest that one of the primary roles of DHN24 and its homologs may be the protection of the phloem region from adverse effects of abiotic stresses.
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Sasaki K, Christov NK, Tsuda S, Imai R. Identification of a novel LEA protein involved in freezing tolerance in wheat. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:136-47. [PMID: 24265272 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pct164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a family of hyper-hydrophilic proteins that accumulate in response to cellular dehydration. Originally identified as plant proteins associated with seed desiccation tolerance, LEA proteins have been identified in a wide range of organisms such as invertebrates and microorganisms. LEA proteins are thought to protect proteins and biomembranes under water-deficit conditions. Here, we characterized WCI16, a wheat (Triticum aestivum) protein that belongs to a class of plant proteins of unknown function, and provide evidence that WCI16 shares common features with LEA proteins. WCI16 was induced during cold acclimation in winter wheat. Based on its amino acid sequence, WCI16 is highly hydrophilic, like LEA proteins, despite having no significant sequence similarity to any of the known classes of LEA proteins. Recombinant WCI16 protein was soluble after boiling, and (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that the structure of WCI16 is random and has no hydrophobic regions. WCI16 exhibited in vitro cryoprotection of the freeze-labile enzyme l-lactate dehydrogenase as well as double-stranded DNA binding activity, suggesting that WCI16 may protect both proteins and DNA during environmental stresses. The biological relevance of these activities was supported by the subcellular localization of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused WCI16 protein in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Heterologous expression of WCI16 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants conferred enhanced freezing tolerance. Taken together, our results indicate that WCI16 represents a novel class of LEA proteins and is involved in freezing tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Sasaki
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-8555 Japan
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Hernández-Sánchez IE, Martynowicz DM, Rodríguez-Hernández AA, Pérez-Morales MB, Graether SP, Jiménez-Bremont JF. A dehydrin-dehydrin interaction: the case of SK3 from Opuntia streptacantha. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:520. [PMID: 25346739 PMCID: PMC4193212 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins belongs to a large group of highly hydrophilic proteins known as Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins. It is well known that dehydrins are intrinsically disordered plant proteins that accumulate during the late stages of embryogenesis and in response to abiotic stresses; however, the molecular mechanisms by which their functions are carried out are still unclear. We have previously reported that transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing an Opuntia streptacantha SK3 dehydrin (OpsDHN1) show enhanced tolerance to freezing stress. Herein, we show using a split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid system that OpsDHN1 dimerizes. We found that the deletion of regions containing K-segments and the histidine-rich region in the OpsDHN1 protein affects dimer formation. Not surprisingly, in silico protein sequence analysis suggests that OpsDHN1 is an intrinsically disordered protein, an observation that was confirmed by circular dichroism and gel filtration of the recombinantly expressed protein. The addition of zinc triggered the association of recombinantly expressed OpsDHN1 protein, likely through its histidine-rich motif. These data brings new insights about the molecular mechanism of the OpsDHN1 SK3-dehydrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzell E. Hernández-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Estudios Moleculares de Respuesta a Estrés en Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica ACTangamanga, México
| | - David M. Martynowicz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
| | - Aida A. Rodríguez-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Estudios Moleculares de Respuesta a Estrés en Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica ACTangamanga, México
| | - Maria B. Pérez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Estudios Moleculares de Respuesta a Estrés en Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica ACTangamanga, México
| | - Steffen P. Graether
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of GuelphGuelph, ON, Canada
| | - Juan F. Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Estudios Moleculares de Respuesta a Estrés en Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica ACTangamanga, México
- *Correspondence: Juan F. Jiménez-Bremont, Laboratorio de Estudios Moleculares de Respuesta a Estrés en Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica AC, Camino a la Presa de San Jose No. 2055 Lomas 4a Seccion Cp 78216, AP 3-74 Tangamanga, San Luis Potosi, Mexico e-mail:
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Hughes SL, Schart V, Malcolmson J, Hogarth KA, Martynowicz DM, Tralman-Baker E, Patel SN, Graether SP. The importance of size and disorder in the cryoprotective effects of dehydrins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:1376-86. [PMID: 24047864 PMCID: PMC3813657 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.226803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins protect plant proteins and membranes from damage during drought and cold. Vitis riparia K2 is a 48-residue protein that can protect lactate dehydrogenase from freeze-thaw damage by preventing the aggregation and denaturation of the enzyme. To further elucidate its mechanism, we used a series of V. riparia K2 concatemers (K4, K6, K8, and K10) and natural dehydrins (V. riparia YSK2, 60 kilodalton peach dehydrin [PCA60], barley dehydrin5 [Dhn5], Thellungiella salsuginea dehydrin2 [TsDHN-2], and Opuntia streptacantha dehydrin1 [OpsDHN-1]) to test the effect of the number of K-segments and dehydrin size on their ability to protect lactate dehydrogenase from freeze-thaw damage. The results show that the larger the hydrodynamic radius of the dehydrin, the more effective the cryoprotection. A similar trend is observed with polyethylene glycol, which would suggest that the protection is simply a nonspecific volume exclusion effect that can be manifested by any protein. However, structured proteins of a similar range of sizes did not show the same pattern and level of cryoprotection. Our results suggest that with respect to enzyme protection, dehydrins function primarily as molecular shields and that their intrinsic disorder is required for them to be an effective cryoprotectant. Lastly, we show that the cryoprotection by a dehydrin is not due to any antifreeze protein-like activity, as has been reported previously.
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Kim IS, Kim HY, Kim YS, Choi HG, Kang SH, Yoon HS. Expression of dehydrin gene from Arctic Cerastium arcticum increases abiotic stress tolerance and enhances the fermentation capacity of a genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strain. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:8997-9009. [PMID: 23377791 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated Arctic plants to determine if they have a specific mechanism enabling them to adapt to extreme environments because they are subject to such conditions throughout their life cycles. Among the cell defense systems of the Arctic mouse-ear chickweed Cerastium arcticum, we identified a stress-responsive dehydrin gene CaDHN that belongs to the SK5 subclass and contains conserved regions with one S segment at the N-terminus and five K segments from the N-terminus to the C-terminus. To investigate the molecular properties of CaDHN, the yeast Saccharomyces was transformed with CaDHN. CaDHN-expressing transgenic yeast (TG) cells recovered more rapidly from challenge with exogenous stimuli, including oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, menadione, and tert-butyl hydroperoxide), high salinity, freezing and thawing, and metal (Zn(2+)), than wild-type (WT) cells. TG cells were sensitive to copper, cobalt, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. In addition, the cell survival of TG cells was higher than that of WT cells when cells at the mid-log and stationary stages were exposed to increased ethanol concentrations. There was a significant difference in cultures that have an ethanol content >16 %. During glucose-based batch fermentation at generally used (30 °C) and low (18 °C) temperatures, TG cells produced a higher alcohol concentration through improved cell survival. Specifically, the final alcohol concentrations were 13.3 and 13.2 % in TG cells during fermentation at 30 and 18 °C, respectively, whereas they were 10.2 and 9.4 %, respectively, in WT cells under the same fermentation conditions. An in vitro assay revealed that purified CaDHN acted as a reactive oxygen species scavenger by neutralizing H2O2 and a chaperone by preventing high temperature-mediated catalase inactivation. Taken together, our results show that CaDHN expression in transgenic yeast confers tolerance to various abiotic stresses by improving redox homeostasis and enhances fermentation capacity, especially at low temperatures (18 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource R&D Center, Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, #1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Arumingtyas EL, Savitri ES, Purwoningrahayu RD. Protein Profiles and Dehydrin Accumulation in Some Soybean Varieties (<i>Glycine max</i> L. Merr) in Drought Stress Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.41018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yang Y, He M, Zhu Z, Li S, Xu Y, Zhang C, Singer SD, Wang Y. Identification of the dehydrin gene family from grapevine species and analysis of their responsiveness to various forms of abiotic and biotic stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:140. [PMID: 22882870 PMCID: PMC3460772 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydrins (DHNs) protect plant cells from desiccation damage during environmental stress, and also participate in host resistance to various pathogens. In this study, we aimed to identify and characterize the DHN gene families from Vitis vinifera and wild V. yeshanensis, which is tolerant to both drought and cold, and moderately resistant to powdery mildew. RESULTS Four DHN genes were identified in both V. vinifera and V. yeshanensis, which shared a high sequence identity between the two species but little homology between the genes themselves. These genes were designated DHN1, DHN2, DHN3 and DHN4. All four of the DHN proteins were highly hydrophilic and were predicted to be intrinsically disordered, but they differed in their isoelectric points, kinase selectivities and number of functional motifs. Also, the expression profiles of each gene differed appreciably from one another. Grapevine DHN1 was not expressed in vegetative tissues under normal growth conditions, but was induced by drought, cold, heat, embryogenesis, as well as the application of abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). It was expressed earlier in V. yeshanensis under drought conditions than in V. vinifera, and also exhibited a second round of up-regulation in V. yeshanensis following inoculation with Erysiphe necator, which was not apparent in V. vinifera. Like DHN1, DHN2 was induced by cold, heat, embryogenesis and ABA; however, it exhibited no responsiveness to drought, E. necator infection, SA or MeJA, and was also expressed constitutively in vegetative tissues under normal growth conditions. Conversely, DHN3 was only expressed during seed development at extremely low levels, and DHN4 was expressed specifically during late embryogenesis. Neither DHN3 nor DHN4 exhibited responsiveness to any of the treatments carried out in this study. Interestingly, the presence of particular cis-elements within the promoter regions of each gene was positively correlated with their expression profiles. CONCLUSIONS The grapevine DHN family comprises four divergent members. While it is likely that their functions overlap to some extent, it seems that DHN1 provides the main stress-responsive function. In addition, our results suggest a close relationship between expression patterns, physicochemical properties, and cis-regulatory elements in the promoter regions of the DHN genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mingyang He
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ziguo Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shuxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Stacy D Singer
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 4–10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Koehler G, Wilson RC, Goodpaster JV, Sønsteby A, Lai X, Witzmann FA, You JS, Rohloff J, Randall SK, Alsheikh M. Proteomic study of low-temperature responses in strawberry cultivars (Fragaria x ananassa) that differ in cold tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 159:1787-805. [PMID: 22689892 PMCID: PMC3425213 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.198267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the molecular basis contributing to overwintering hardiness, a comprehensive proteomic analysis comparing crowns of octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) cultivars that differ in freezing tolerance was conducted. Four cultivars were examined for freeze tolerance and the most cold-tolerant cultivar ('Jonsok') and least-tolerant cultivar ('Frida') were compared with a goal to reveal how freezing tolerance is achieved in this distinctive overwintering structure and to identify potential cold-tolerance-associated biomarkers. Supported by univariate and multivariate analysis, a total of 63 spots from two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis and 135 proteins from label-free quantitative proteomics were identified as significantly differentially expressed in crown tissue from the two strawberry cultivars exposed to 0-, 2-, and 42-d cold treatment. Proteins identified as cold-tolerance-associated included molecular chaperones, antioxidants/detoxifying enzymes, metabolic enzymes, pathogenesis-related proteins, and flavonoid pathway proteins. A number of proteins were newly identified as associated with cold tolerance. Distinctive mechanisms for cold tolerance were characterized for two cultivars. In particular, the 'Frida' cold response emphasized proteins specific to flavonoid biosynthesis, while the more freezing-tolerant 'Jonsok' had a more comprehensive suite of known stress-responsive proteins including those involved in antioxidation, detoxification, and disease resistance. The molecular basis for 'Jonsok'-enhanced cold tolerance can be explained by the constitutive level of a number of proteins that provide a physiological stress-tolerant poise.
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Fernandez O, Theocharis A, Bordiec S, Feil R, Jacquens L, Clément C, Fontaine F, Barka EA. Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN acclimates grapevine to cold by modulating carbohydrate metabolism. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2012; 25:496-504. [PMID: 22409157 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-11-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Low temperatures damage many temperate crops, including grapevine, which, when exposed to chilling, can be affected by symptoms ranging from reduced yield up to complete infertility. We have previously demonstrated that Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that colonizes grapevine, is able to reduce chilling-induced damage. We hypothesized that the induced tolerance may be explained at least partly by the impact of bacteria on grapevine photosynthesis or carbohydrate metabolism during cold acclimation. To investigate this hypothesis, we monitored herein the fluctuations of photosynthesis parameters (net photosynthesis [P(n)], intercellular CO(2) concentration, stomatal conductances, ΦPSII, and total chlorophyll concentration), starch, soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, saccharose, mannose, raffinose, and maltose), and their precursors during 5 days of chilling exposure (4°C) on grapevine plantlets. Bacterization affects photosynthesis in a non-stomatal dependent pattern and reduced long-term impact of chilling on P(n). Furthermore, all studied carbohydrates known to be involved in cold stress tolerance accumulate in non-chilled bacterized plantlets, although some of them remained more concentrated in the latter after chilling exposure. Overall, our results suggest that modification of carbohydrate metabolism in bacterized grapevine plantlets may be one of the major effects by which this PGPR reduces chilling-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fernandez
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne–Stress et Environnement (EA 2069), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France
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Ochoa-Alfaro AE, Rodríguez-Kessler M, Pérez-Morales MB, Delgado-Sánchez P, Cuevas-Velazquez CL, Gómez-Anduro G, Jiménez-Bremont JF. Functional characterization of an acidic SK(3) dehydrin isolated from an Opuntia streptacantha cDNA library. PLANTA 2012; 235:565-78. [PMID: 21984262 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cactus pears are succulent plants of the Cactaceae family adapted to extremely arid, hot and cold environments, making them excellent models for the study of molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress tolerance. Herein, we report a directional cDNA library from 12-month-old cladodes of Opuntia streptacantha plants subjected to abiotic stresses. A total of 442 clones were sequenced, representing 329 cactus pear unigenes, classified into eleven functional categories. The most abundant EST (unigen 33) was characterized under abiotic stress. This cDNA of 905 bp encodes a SK(3)-type acidic dehydrin of 248 amino acids. The OpsDHN1 gene contains an intron inserted within the sequence encoding the S-motif. qRT-PCR analysis shows that the OpsDHN1 transcript is specifically accumulated in response to cold stress, and induced by abscisic acid. Over-expression of the OpsDHN1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana leads to enhanced tolerance to freezing treatment, suggesting that OpsDHN1 participates in freezing stress responsiveness. Generation of the first EST collection for the characterization of cactus pear genes constitutes a useful platform for the understanding of molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance in Opuntia and other CAM plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Ochoa-Alfaro
- Division de Biologia Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica, Camino a la Presa de San Jose 2055, Apartado Postal 3-74 Tangamanga, CP 78216 San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico
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Hanin M, Brini F, Ebel C, Toda Y, Takeda S, Masmoudi K. Plant dehydrins and stress tolerance: versatile proteins for complex mechanisms. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2011; 6:1503-9. [PMID: 21897131 PMCID: PMC3256378 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.10.17088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrins (DHNs), or group 2 LEA (Late Embryogenesis Abundant) proteins, play a fundamental role in plant response and adaptation to abiotic stresses. They accumulate typically in maturing seeds or are induced in vegetative tissues following salinity, dehydration, cold, and freezing stress. The generally accepted classification of dehydrins is based on their structural features, such as the presence of conserved sequences, designated as Y, S, and K segments. The K segment representing a highly conserved 15 amino acid motif forming amphiphilic α-helix is especially important since it has been found in all dehydrins. Since more than 20 years, they are thought to play an important protective role during cellular dehydration but their precise function remains unclear. This review outlines the current status of the progress made towards the structural, physico-chemical and functional characterization of plant dehydrins and how these features could be exploited in improving stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moez Hanin
- Laboratory of Plant Protection and Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Liu X, Wang Y, Gao H, Xu X. Identification and characterization of genes encoding two novel LEA proteins in Antarctic and temperate strains of Chlorella vulgaris. Gene 2011; 482:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Medeiros JS, Pockman WT. Drought increases freezing tolerance of both leaves and xylem of Larrea tridentata. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2011; 34:43-51. [PMID: 20825578 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02224.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Drought and freezing are both known to limit desert plant distributions, but the interaction of these stressors is poorly understood. Drought may increase freezing tolerance in leaves while decreasing it in the xylem, potentially creating a mismatch between water supply and demand. To test this hypothesis, we subjected Larrea tridentata juveniles grown in a greenhouse under well-watered or drought conditions to minimum temperatures ranging from -8 to -24 °C. We measured survival, leaf retention, gas exchange, cell death, freezing point depression and leaf-specific xylem hydraulic conductance (k₁). Drought-exposed plants exhibited smaller decreases in gas exchange after exposure to -8 °C compared to well-watered plants. Drought also conferred a significant positive effect on leaf, xylem and whole-plant function following exposure to -15 °C; drought-exposed plants exhibited less cell death, greater leaf retention, higher k₁ and higher rates of gas exchange than well-watered plants. Both drought-exposed and well-watered plants experienced 100% mortality following exposure to -24 °C. By documenting the combined effects of drought and freezing stress, our data provide insight into the mechanisms determining plant survival and performance following freezing and the potential for shifts in L. tridentata abundance and range in the face of changing temperature and precipitation regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Medeiros
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
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Rémus-Borel W, Castonguay Y, Cloutier J, Michaud R, Bertrand A, Desgagnés R, Laberge S. Dehydrin variants associated with superior freezing tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2010; 120:1163-74. [PMID: 20039014 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-009-1243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA (msaCIG) encoding a cold-inducible Y(2)K(4) dehydrin in alfalfa (Medicago sativa spp. sativa) was shown to share extensive homology with sequences from other species and subspecies of Medicago. Differences were mainly the result of the occurrence of large indels, amino acids substitutions/deletions and sequence duplications. Using a combination of a bulk segregant analysis and RFLP hybridization, we uncovered an msaCIG polymorphism that increases in frequency in response to recurrent selection for superior freezing tolerance. Progenies from crosses between genotypes with (D+) or without (D-) the polymorphic dehydrin significantly differed in their tolerance to subfreezing temperatures. Based on the msaCIG sequence, we looked for intragenic variations that could be associated to the polymorphism detected on Southern blots. Amplifications with primers targeting the 3' half side of msaCIG revealed fragment size variations between pools of genotypes with (+) or without (-) the polymorphism. Three major groups of amplicons of approximately 370 nt (G1), 330 nt (G2), and 290 nt (G3) were distinguished. The G2 group was more intensively amplified in pools of genotypes with the polymorphic dehydrin and was associated to a superior freezing tolerance phenotype. Sequences analysis revealed that size variation in the 3' half was attributable to the variable occurrence of large indels. Single amino acid substitutions and/or deletions caused major differences in the prediction of the secondary structure of the polypeptides. The identification of dehydrin variants associated to superior freezing tolerance paves the way to the development of functional markers and the fixation of favorable alleles in various genetic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Rémus-Borel
- Crops and Soils Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd., Quebec, QC, G1V-2J3, Canada.
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