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Climate-driven convergent evolution in riparian ecosystems on sky islands. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2817. [PMID: 36797341 PMCID: PMC9935884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate-induced evolution will determine population persistence in a changing world. However, finding natural systems in which to study these responses has been a barrier to estimating the impact of global change on a broad scale. We propose that isolated sky islands (SI) and adjacent mountain chains (MC) are natural laboratories for studying long-term and contemporary climatic pressures on natural populations. We used greenhouse common garden trees to test whether populations on SI exposed to hot and dry climates since the end of the Pleistocene have phenotypically diverged from populations on MC, and if SI populations have converged in these traits. We show: (1) populations of Populus angustifolia from SI have diverged from MC, and converged across SI, in reproductive and productivity traits, (2) these traits (cloning and aboveground biomass, respectively) are significantly correlated, suggesting a genetic linkage between them, and (3) the trait variation is driven by both natural selection and genetic drift. These shifts represent potentially beneficial phenotypes for population persistence in a changing world. These results suggest that the SI-MC comparison is a natural laboratory, as well as a predictive framework, for studying long-term responses to climate change across the globe.
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2
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Tonione MA, Bi K, Dunn RR, Lucky A, Portik DM, Tsutsui ND. Phylogeography and population genetics of a widespread cold-adapted ant, Prenolepis imparis. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4884-4899. [PMID: 35866574 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As species arise, evolve, and diverge, they are shaped by forces that unfold across short and long time scales and at both local and vast geographic scales. It is rare, however, to be able document this history across broad sweeps of time and space in a single species. Here, we report the results of a continental-scale phylogenomic analysis across the entire range of a widespread species. We analyzed sequences of 1,402 orthologous Ultraconserved Element (UCE) loci from 75 individuals to identify population genetic structure and historical demographic patterns across the continent-wide range of a cold-adapted ant, the winter ant, Prenolepis imparis. We recovered five well-supported, genetically isolated clades representing lineages that diverged from 8.2-2.2 million years ago. These include: 1) an early diverging lineage located in Florida, 2) a lineage that spans the southern United States, 3) populations that extend across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 4) populations from the western United States, and 5) populations in southwestern Arizona and Mexico. Population genetic analyses revealed little or no gene flow among these lineages, but patterns consistent with more recent gene flow among populations within lineages, and localized structure with migration in the western United States. High support for five major geographic lineages and lack of evidence of contemporary gene flow indicate in situ diversification across the species' range, producing relatively ancient lineages that persisted through subsequent climate change and glaciation during the Quaternary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adelena Tonione
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, 130 Mulford Hall, #3114, University of California-, 94720-3114, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ke Bi
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Computational Genomics Resource Laboratory (CGRL), California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Robert R Dunn
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, David Clark Labs, Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Andrea Lucky
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 32608, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel M Portik
- California Academy of Sciences, 94118, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Neil Durie Tsutsui
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, 130 Mulford Hall, #3114, University of California-, 94720-3114, Berkeley, CA, USA
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3
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Anguiano-Constante MA, Zamora-Tavares P, Ruiz-Sanchez E, Dean E, Rodríguez A, Munguía-Lino G. Population differentiation and phylogeography in Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae: Capsiceae), a perennial herb endemic to the Mexican Transition Zone. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Lycianthes moziniana (Solanaceae: Capsiceae) is a perennial herb with edible fruits that is endemic to Mexico. Three varieties are recognized, all known in the Mexican Transition Zone. Lycianthes moziniana var. margaretiana grows in the Sierra Madre Oriental, whereas L. moziniana var. moziniana is common along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and in the Sierra Madre Occidental. Lycianthes moziniana var. oaxacana is found exclusively in the Sierra Madre del Sur. The Mexican Transition Zone is a complex geological, climatic and biogeographical area, the result of tectonic and volcanic activity that has promoted genetic divergence and speciation. We determined the genetic variation and structure of L. moziniana. Using phylogeographical approaches, we described the demographic history and evolutionary processes leading its divergence. The intergenic spacers rpl32-trnL and ycf1 were sequenced for 133 individuals pertaining to 15 populations. The genealogical relationships were analysed using haplotype networks. Finally, based on ecological niche models, we inferred the palaeodistribution of L. moziniana during the Pleistocene. The genetic differences and the haplogroups matched the three described varieties. Geological and climatic events of the Mexican Transition Zone facilitated these results. The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt isolated the populations of the Sierra Madre Oriental and the Sierra Madre del Sur, while allowing the migration to the Sierra Madre Occidental, during the middle Holocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Anguiano-Constante
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biosistemática y Manejo de Recursos Naturales y Agrícolas (BIMARENA), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Pilar Zamora-Tavares
- Laboratorio Nacional de Identificación y Caracterización Vegetal (LaniVeg), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ruiz-Sanchez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Identificación y Caracterización Vegetal (LaniVeg), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ellen Dean
- UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M.S. 7, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Aarón Rodríguez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Identificación y Caracterización Vegetal (LaniVeg), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Munguía-Lino
- Laboratorio Nacional de Identificación y Caracterización Vegetal (LaniVeg), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Cátedras CONACYT-Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
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4
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Barrett SCH. 'A most complex marriage arrangement': recent advances on heterostyly and unresolved questions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 224:1051-1067. [PMID: 31631362 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Heterostylous genetic polymorphisms provide paradigmatic systems for investigating adaptation and natural selection. Populations are usually comprised of two (distyly) or three (tristyly) mating types, maintained by negative frequency-dependent selection resulting from disassortative mating. Theory predicts this mating system should result in equal style-morph ratios (isoplethy) at equilibrium. Here, I review recent advances on heterostyly, focusing on examples challenging stereotypical depictions of the polymorphism and unresolved questions. Comparative analyses indicate multiple origins of heterostyly, often within lineages. Ecological studies demonstrate that structural components of heterostyly are adaptations improving the proficiency of animal-mediated cross-pollination and reducing pollen wastage. Both neutral and selective processes cause deviations from isoplethy in heterostylous populations, and, under some ecological and demographic conditions, cause breakdown of the polymorphism, resulting in either the evolution of autogamy and mixed mating, or transitions to alternative outcrossing systems, including dioecy. Earlier ideas on the genetic architecture of the S-locus supergene governing distyly have recently been overturned by discovery that the dominant S-haplotype is a hemizygous region absent from the s-haplotype. Ecological, phylogenetic and molecular genetic data have validated some features of theoretical models on the selection of the polymorphism. Although heterostyly is the best-understood floral polymorphism in angiosperms, many unanswered questions remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer C H Barrett
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, M5S 3B2, Canada
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5
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Wiens JJ, Camacho A, Goldberg A, Jezkova T, Kaplan ME, Lambert SM, Miller EC, Streicher JW, Walls RL. Climate change, extinction, and Sky Island biogeography in a montane lizard. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:2610-2624. [PMID: 30843297 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Around the world, many species are confined to "Sky Islands," with different populations in isolated patches of montane habitat. How does this pattern arise? One scenario is that montane species were widespread in lowlands when climates were cooler, and were isolated by local extinction caused by warming conditions. This scenario implies that many montane species may be highly susceptible to anthropogenic warming. Here, we test this scenario in a montane lizard (Sceloporus jarrovii) from the Madrean Sky Islands of southeastern Arizona. We combined data from field surveys, climate, population genomics, and physiology. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that this species' current distribution is explained by local extinction caused by past climate change. However, our results for this species differ from simple expectations in several ways: (a) their absence at lower elevations is related to warm winter temperatures, not hot summer temperatures; (b) they appear to exclude a low-elevation congener from higher elevations, not the converse; (c) they are apparently absent from many climatically suitable but low mountain ranges, seemingly "pushed off the top" by climates even warmer than those today; (d) despite the potential for dispersal among ranges during recent glacial periods (~18,000 years ago), populations in different ranges diverged ~4.5-0.5 million years ago and remained largely distinct; and (e) body temperatures are inversely related to climatic temperatures among sites. These results may have implications for many other Sky Island systems. More broadly, we suggest that Sky Island species may be relevant for predicting responses to future warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wiens
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Agustín Camacho
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aaron Goldberg
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Tereza Jezkova
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Matthew E Kaplan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Functional Genomics Core, Arizona Research Laboratories, Research, Discovery & Innovation, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shea M Lambert
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Elizabeth C Miller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jeffrey W Streicher
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.,Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Ramona L Walls
- CyVerse, Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Pérez‐Alquicira J, Weller SG, Domínguez CA, Molina‐Freaner FE, Tsyusko OV. Different patterns of colonization of Oxalis alpina in the Sky Islands of the Sonoran desert via pollen and seed flow. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:5661-5673. [PMID: 29938082 PMCID: PMC6010862 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Historical factors such as climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene epoch have dramatically impacted species distributions. Studies of the patterns of genetic structure in angiosperm species using molecular markers with different modes of inheritance contribute to a better understanding of potential differences in colonization and patterns of gene flow via pollen and seeds. These markers may also provide insights into the evolution of reproductive systems in plants. Oxalis alpina is a tetraploid, herbaceous species inhabiting the Sky Island region of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Our main objective in this study was to analyze the influence of climatic oscillations on the genetic structure of O. alpina and the impact of these oscillations on the evolutionary transition from tristylous to distylous reproductive systems. We used microsatellite markers and compared our results to a previous study using chloroplast genetic markers. The phylogeographic structure inferred by both markers was different, suggesting that intrinsic characteristics including the pollination system and seed dispersal have influenced patterns of gene flow. Microsatellites exhibited low genetic structure, showed no significant association between geographic and genetic distances, and all individual genotypes were assigned to two main groups. In contrast, chloroplast markers exhibited a strong association between geographic and genetic distance, had higher levels of genetic differentiation, and were assigned to five groups. Both types of DNA markers showed evidence of a northward expansion as a consequence of climate warming occurring in the last 10,000 years. The data from both types of markers support the hypothesis for several independent transitions from tristyly to distyly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pérez‐Alquicira
- Departamento de Botánica y ZoologíaCONACYT – Laboratorio Nacional de Identificación y Caracterización VegetalCentro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad de GuadalajaraZapopanMexico
| | - Stephen G. Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - César A. Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología EvolutivaInstituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de MéxicoMéxico
| | - Francisco E. Molina‐Freaner
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del NoroesteInstituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoHermosilloMéxico
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentucky
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7
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Weller SG, Sakai AK, Gray T, Weber JJ, Tsyusko OV, Domínguez CA, Fornoni J, Molina-Freaner FE. Variation in heterostylous breeding systems in neighbouring populations of Oxalis alpina (Oxalidaceae). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:104-110. [PMID: 25924801 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The heterostylous reproductive system of Oxalis alpina in the Galiuro Mts. of Arizona was investigated using field surveys, controlled crosses in the greenhouse and measurements of reproductive morphs. Although populations in the Pinaleño Mts. to the immediate east and in the Santa Catalina Mts. to the immediate west have derived distylous reproductive systems, tristyly, the ancestral reproductive system in O. alpina, has been retained in the Galiuro Mts. POPULATION Tristylous incompatibility relationships in the Galiuro population are modified from the ancestral condition, with significant loss of incompatibility differentiation between stamen whorls of both short- and long-styled morphs. Morphological adjustments of anther positions in the Galiuro population of O. alpina match those expected in light of incompatibility modification, with divergence of the mid-level anthers away from the position of the mid stigmas of the mid-styled morph. The occurrence of tristyly in an area of Arizona where distyly is found in adjacent mountain ranges is particularly remarkable, and indicates both the isolation of populations restricted to the upper elevations of these mountain ranges and variation in the tempo of evolution over short geographic distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - A K Sakai
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - T Gray
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - J J Weber
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - O V Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - C A Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - J Fornoni
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - F E Molina-Freaner
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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Favé MJ, Johnson RA, Cover S, Handschuh S, Metscher BD, Müller GB, Gopalan S, Abouheif E. Past climate change on Sky Islands drives novelty in a core developmental gene network and its phenotype. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:183. [PMID: 26338531 PMCID: PMC4560157 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A fundamental and enduring problem in evolutionary biology is to understand how populations differentiate in the wild, yet little is known about what role organismal development plays in this process. Organismal development integrates environmental inputs with the action of gene regulatory networks to generate the phenotype. Core developmental gene networks have been highly conserved for millions of years across all animals, and therefore, organismal development may bias variation available for selection to work on. Biased variation may facilitate repeatable phenotypic responses when exposed to similar environmental inputs and ecological changes. To gain a more complete understanding of population differentiation in the wild, we integrated evolutionary developmental biology with population genetics, morphology, paleoecology and ecology. This integration was made possible by studying how populations of the ant species Monomorium emersoni respond to climatic and ecological changes across five 'Sky Islands' in Arizona, which are mountain ranges separated by vast 'seas' of desert. Sky Islands represent a replicated natural experiment allowing us to determine how repeatable is the response of M. emersoni populations to climate and ecological changes at the phenotypic, developmental, and gene network levels. RESULTS We show that a core developmental gene network and its phenotype has kept pace with ecological and climate change on each Sky Island over the last ~90,000 years before present (BP). This response has produced two types of evolutionary change within an ant species: one type is unpredictable and contingent on the pattern of isolation of Sky lsland populations by climate warming, resulting in slight changes in gene expression, organ growth, and morphology. The other type is predictable and deterministic, resulting in the repeated evolution of a novel wingless queen phenotype and its underlying gene network in response to habitat changes induced by climate warming. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal dynamics of developmental gene network evolution in wild populations. This holds important implications: (1) for understanding how phenotypic novelty is generated in the wild; (2) for providing a possible bridge between micro- and macroevolution; and (3) for understanding how development mediates the response of organisms to past, and potentially, future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Julie Favé
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield avenue, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Robert A Johnson
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA.
| | - Stefan Cover
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Stephan Handschuh
- Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
| | - Brian D Metscher
- Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
| | - Gerd B Müller
- Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
| | - Shyamalika Gopalan
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield avenue, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Ehab Abouheif
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield avenue, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Xiao YE, Jiang K, Tong X, Hu YH, Chen XY. Population genetic structure of Iris ensata on sky-islands and its implications for assisted migration. CONSERV GENET 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-015-0722-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Simón-Porcar VI, Picó FX, Arroyo J. Range-wide population genetics and variation in morph ratio in style-dimorphic Narcissus papyraceus. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2015; 102:449-456. [PMID: 25784478 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1400209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY Theoretical models state that natural selection and mating patterns account for floral morph ratio in style-polymorphic plants. However, the demographic history of populations can also influence variation in morph ratios. If so, we hypothesize an association between the morph ratios and the genetic structure across populations.• METHODS We used nuclear microsatellites to assess genetic variation and structure in populations of Narcissus papyraceus, a style-dimorphic plant whose floral morph ratios (L-morph to S-morph) gradually vary throughout its distribution range in the southwestern Mediterranean Basin. We implemented analyses to relate the genetic features of populations with their morph ratios.• KEY RESULTS We found greater frequencies of the S-morph in central populations and declining frequencies toward the periphery. This geographic pattern was not associated with the genetic structure of populations. Instead, we found two distinct genetic groups, mainly separated by the Strait of Gibraltar, with a mixture of morph ratios within each one. Overall, there was a weak genetic structure. Genetic diversity was greater in central and southern dimorphic populations than in northern L-monomorphic populations.• CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our results do not support the hypothesis that the demographic history of populations can account for the observed geographical pattern of morph ratios in N. papyraceus. We suggest that adaptive processes shown in previous studies in the species are the main determinant of the existing variation in the morph composition of populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta I Simón-Porcar
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1095 41080 Sevilla, Spain Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - F Xavier Picó
- Departamento de Ecología Integrativa, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1095 41080 Sevilla, Spain
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11
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Pérez-Barrales R, Simón-Porcar VI, Santos-Gally R, Arroyo J. Phenotypic integration in style dimorphic daffodils (Narcissus, Amaryllidaceae) with different pollinators. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130258. [PMID: 25002703 PMCID: PMC4084543 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Different pollinators can exert different selective pressures on floral traits, depending on how they fit with flowers, which should be reflected in the patterns of variation and covariation of traits. Surprisingly, empirical evidence in support of this view is scarce. Here, we have studied whether the variation observed in floral phenotypic integration and covariation of traits in Narcissus species is associated with different groups of pollinators. Phenotypic integration was studied in two style dimorphic species, both with dimorphic populations mostly visited by long-tongued pollinators (close fit with flowers), and monomorphic populations visited by short-tongued insects (loose fit). For N. papyraceus, the patterns of variation and correlation among traits involved in different functions (attraction and fit with pollinators, transfer of pollen) were compared within and between population types. The genetic diversity of populations was also studied to control for possible effects on phenotypic variation. In both species, populations with long-tongued pollinators displayed greater phenotypic integration than those with short-tongued pollinators. Also, the correlations among traits involved in the same function were stronger than across functions. Furthermore, traits involved in the transfer of pollen were consistently more correlated and less variable than traits involved in the attraction of insects, and these differences were larger in dimorphic than monomorphic populations. In addition, population genetic parameters did not correlate with phenotypic integration or variation. Altogether, our results support current views of the role of pollinators in the evolution of floral integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Pérez-Barrales
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, UK Departmento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, University of Seville, Seville 41080, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Santos-Gally
- Departmento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, University of Seville, Seville 41080, Spain
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Departmento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, University of Seville, Seville 41080, Spain
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12
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Aguirre-Liguori JA, Scheinvar E, Eguiarte LE. Gypsum soil restriction drives genetic differentiation in Fouquieria shrevei (Fouquieriaceae). AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2014; 101:730-736. [PMID: 24699539 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1400031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Although species adapted to grow in unusual soils contribute importantly to regional diversity, the microevolutionary processes responsible for that diversity remain to be understood. We aimed to answer this question by analyzing which processes are responsible for the genetic differentiation in Fouquieria shrevei (Fouquieriaceae), a species confined to gypsum soils of northern Mexico. METHODS We analyzed sequence variation in three chloroplast intergenic spacers from five populations. KEY RESULTS Total genetic diversity was high (Hd = 0.743). Genetic differentiation was high (FST = 0.651), as most haplotypes were unique to individual populations, and three populations had only one haplotype. Haplotypes were more similar in nearby populations, resulting in a phylogeographic structure (i.e., GST = 0.850 was significantly lower than NST = 0.930) and a significant Mantel test (P = 0.04). Tajima's D (-0.019, not significant) indicates that effective population size has remained constant. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that genetic drift has been intense and gene flow low in differentiating populations that follow an island-like pattern of gypsum deposits of the deserts of North America. The interaction between these forces could promote speciation events that in turn would increase regional diversity and may explain the high number of narrow endemics associated with soil restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas A Aguirre-Liguori
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Apartado Postal 70-275, Circuito exterior s/n junto al Jardín Botánico, Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510 México
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Lira-Noriega A, Manthey JD. Relationship of genetic diversity and niche centrality: a survey and analysis. Evolution 2014; 68:1082-93. [PMID: 24372193 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of genetic diversity within and among populations in relation to species' geographic ranges is important to understanding processes of evolution, speciation, and biogeography. One hypothesis predicts that natural populations at geographic range margins will have lower genetic diversity relative to those located centrally in species' distributions owing to a link between geographic and environmental marginality; alternatively, genetic variation may be unrelated with geographic marginality via decoupling of geographic and environmental marginality. We investigate the predictivity of geographic patterns of genetic variation based on geographic and environmental marginality using published genetic diversity data for 40 species (insects, plants, birds, mammals, worms). Only about half of species showed positive relationships between geographic and environmental marginality. Three analyses (sign test, multiple linear regression, and meta-analysis of correlation effect sizes) showed a negative relationship between genetic diversity and distance to environmental niche centroid, but no consistent relationship of genetic diversity with distance to geographic range center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Lira-Noriega
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.
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Meeus S, Honnay O, Jacquemyn H. Differences in fine-scale spatial genetic structure across the distribution range of the distylous forest herb Pulmonaria officinalis (Boraginaceae). BMC Genet 2013; 14:101. [PMID: 24134743 PMCID: PMC4015958 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Geographical ranges of plants and their pollinators do not always entirely overlap and it has been suggested that the absence of specialized pollinators at range margins may induce changes in mating systems. Because a species’ mating system is known to have a considerable effect on within-population pollen movement, the extent of fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) can be expected to differ between populations located at different parts of their geographical range. To test this prediction, we compared the fine-scale SGS between two core and two disjunct populations of the distylous forest herb Pulmonaria officinalis. Because in disjunct populations of this species the heteromorphic self-incompatibility system showed relaxation in the long-styled morph, but not in the short-styled morph, we also hypothesized that the extent of fine-scale SGS and clustering differed between morphs. Results Spatial autocorrelation analyses showed a significant decrease in genetic relatedness with spatial distance for both core and disjunct populations with the weakest SGS found in one of the core populations (Sp = 0.0014). No evidence of stronger SGS in the long-styled morph was found in the center of the range whereas one disjunct population showed a significantly (P = 0.029) higher SGS in the long-styled morph (SpL = 0.0070) than in the short-styled morph (SpS = 0.0044). Conclusions Consistent with previous analyses on distylous plant species, we found weak, but significant spatial genetic structure. However, the extent of SGS varied substantially between populations within regions, suggesting that population characteristics other than mating system (e.g. local pollinator assemblages, population history) may be as important in determining variation in SGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Meeus
- Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Biology Department, University of Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.
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15
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Vaio M, Gardner A, Emshwiller E, Guerra M. Molecular phylogeny and chromosome evolution among the creeping herbaceous Oxalis species of sections Corniculatae and Ripariae (Oxalidaceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 68:199-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Weber JJ, Weller SG, Sakai AK, Tsyusko OV, Glenn TC, Domínguez CA, Molina-Freaner FE, Fornoni J, Tran M, Nguyen N, Nguyen K, Tran LK, Joice G, Harding E. THE ROLE OF INBREEDING DEPRESSION AND MATING SYSTEM IN THE EVOLUTION OF HETEROSTYLY. Evolution 2013; 67:2309-22. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J. Weber
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Stephen G. Weller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Ann K. Sakai
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Olga V. Tsyusko
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky 40546
| | - Travis C. Glenn
- Environmental Health Sciences; University of Georgia; Athens Georgia 30602
| | - César A. Domínguez
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Apartado Postal 70-275, México Distrito Federal 04510 México
| | - Francisco E. Molina-Freaner
- Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Estación Regional del Noroeste, Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Apartado Postal 1354 Hermosillo 83000 Sonora México
| | - Juan Fornoni
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Apartado Postal 70-275, México Distrito Federal 04510 México
| | - Mike Tran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Nhu Nguyen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Karen Nguyen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Lien-Khuong Tran
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of California; Irvine California 92697
| | - Greg Joice
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky 40546
| | - Ellen Harding
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences; University of Kentucky; Lexington Kentucky 40546
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Zhou W, Barrett SCH, Wang H, Li DZ. Loss of floral polymorphism in heterostylous Luculia pinceana (Rubiaceae): a molecular phylogeographic perspective. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:4631-45. [PMID: 22970974 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05707.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Both deterministic and stochastic forces determine the representation and frequency of floral morphs in heterostylous plant populations. Phylogeographic analysis of molecular variation can provide information on the role of historical factors, including founder events, in affecting population morph structure. Here, we investigate geographical patterns of floral morph variation in a distylous shrub Luculia pinceana (Rubiaceae) by examining the relations between floral polymorphism and molecular (cpDNA and microsatellite) variation in 25 populations sampled throughout the distribution of the species in southwest China and adjacent countries. In 19 of the 25 populations, the frequency of floral morphs was not significantly different from the expected 1:1 ratio. The remaining populations were either L-morph biased (2) or monomorphic (4) for this form and were morphologically differentiated from the remaining populations in several floral traits, that is, corolla tube length, sex organ position and stigma-anther separation. Phylogeographic analysis supports the hypothesis that L. pinceana was initially split into west-central and eastern lineages in the Early Pleistocene (~1.982 Mya). A centrally located lineage composed of morph-biased and monomorphic populations appears to have been subsequently derived from the west-central lineage, perhaps by a founder event after the last glacial maximum. Hypotheses to explain why these populations have not returned to equilibrium morph frequencies are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
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Chloroplast phylogeography of threatened aquatic Oxalis (Oxalidaceae): significant inter-population structure, divergent haplotypes and conservation implications. CONSERV GENET 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-012-0329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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BAENA-DíAZ F, FORNONI J, SOSENSKI P, MOLINA-FREANER FE, WELLER SG, PÉREZ-ISHIWARA R, DOMÍNGUEZ CA. Changes in reciprocal herkogamy during the tristyly-distyly transition in Oxalis alpina increase efficiency in pollen transfer. J Evol Biol 2012; 25:574-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2012.02455.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gardner AG, Vaio M, Guerra M, Emshwiller E. Diversification of the American bulb-bearing Oxalis (Oxalidaceae): dispersal to North America and modification of the tristylous breeding system. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2012; 99:152-164. [PMID: 22186183 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The American bulb-bearing Oxalis (Oxalidaceae) have diverse heterostylous breeding systems and are distributed in mountainous areas from Patagonia to the northeastern United States. To study the evolutionary processes leading to this diversity, we constructed the first molecular phylogeny for the American bulb-bearing Oxalis and used it to infer biogeographic history and breeding system evolution. METHODS We used DNA sequence data (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer, trnL-trnL-trnF, trnT-trnL, and psbJ-petA) to infer phylogenetic history via parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian analyses. We used Bayes Multistate to infer ancestral geographic distributions at well-supported nodes of the phylogeny. The Shimodaira-Hasegawa (SH) test distinguished among hypotheses of single or multiple transitions from South America to North America, and tristyly to distyly. KEY RESULTS The American bulb-bearing Oxalis include sampled members of sections Ionoxalis and Pseudobulbosae and are derived from a larger clade that includes members of sections Palmatifoliae, Articulatae, and the African species. The American bulb-bearing Oxalis comprise two clades: one distributed in SE South America and the other in the Andes and North America. An SH test supports multiple dispersals to North America. Most sampled distylous species form a single clade, but at least two other independent distylous lineages are supported by the topologies and SH tests. CONCLUSIONS Phylogenetic results suggest the American bulb-bearing Oxalis originated in southern South America, dispersed repeatedly to North America, and had multiple transitions from tristyly to distyly. This study adds to our understanding of biogeographic history and breeding system evolution and provides a foundation for more precise inferences about the study group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Gardner
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA.
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