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Mohamed RS, Mohamed RH, Wehrend A, Tahoun EA, Hussein HA. The effects of saline water consumption on sperm parameters, testicular histopathology, hormonal and antioxidants concentrations in Barki Rams. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:219. [PMID: 38778406 PMCID: PMC11112924 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the effects of water salinity on the sperm parameters, levels of cortisol, LH, FSH, testosterone and antioxidants as well as the testes' histopathology in Barki rams. Fifteen healthy Barki rams (1-1.5 years) were divided into three equal depending on the type of drinking water for nine months. The rams in the tap water group (TW, water that contained 350 ppm of total dissolved salts (TDS). Males in the high saline water group (HSW) were permitted to consume high saline water with 8,934 ppm TDS, whereas those in the second group were permitted to have moderately saline water (MSW, 4,557 ppm TDS). High salt concentration in drinking water had adverse effect on sperm viability, morphology and sperm cell concertation. Nitric oxide and malondialdehyde concentrations in blood were significantly higher in the MSW and HSW groups than in TW. There was a significant decrease in glutathione concentration as well as superoxide dismutase activity in TDS and HSW. Cortisol was most highly concentrated in the HSW, next in the MSW, and least in TW. The testosterone, LH, and FSH concentrations in the HSW and MSW groups were significantly lower than in TW. As the salt concentration in drinking water increases, damage to testicular tissue. The MSW group demonstrating vacuolation of lining epithelial cells with pyknotic nuclei in the epididymis and necrosis and desquamation of spermatogenic cells in seminiferous tubules while HSW group displaying desquamated necrotic cells and giant cell formation in the epididymis, as well as damage to some of the seminiferous tubules and showed congestion, vacuolation of spermatogenic epithelium of seminiferous tubules, and desquamated necrotic spermatogenic epithelium. In conclusion, the salinity of the water has detrimental impacts on the sperm morphology, viability and concentration, hormones and antioxidant levels in Barki rams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha S Mohamed
- Department of Animal Health, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ragab H Mohamed
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Axel Wehrend
- Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals with Veterinary Ambulance, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Enas A Tahoun
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Menofia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Hassan A Hussein
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt.
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2
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Hekim N, Gunes S, Ergun S, Barhan EN, Asci R. Investigation of sperm hsa-mir-145-5p and MLH1 expressions, seminal oxidative stress and sperm DNA fragmentation in varicocele. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:588. [PMID: 38683237 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanisms by which varicocele causes infertility are not clear and few studies have reported that some miRNAs show expression alterations in men with varicocele. Recently, sperm promoter methylation of MLH1 has been shown to be higher in men diagnosed with varicocele. This study aimed to assess the potential effects of miR-145, which was determined to target MLH1 mRNA in silico on sperm quality and function in varicocele. METHODS Sperm miR-145 and MLH1 expressions of six infertile men with varicocele (Group 1), nine idiopathic infertile men (Group 2), and nine fertile men (control group) were analyzed by quantitative PCR. Sperm DNA fragmentation was evaluated by TUNEL and the levels of seminal oxidative damage and total antioxidant capacity were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS Our results have shown that sperm expression of miR-145 was decreased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (P = 0.029). MLH1 expression was significantly higher in Group 2 than the controls (P = 0.048). Total antioxidant level and sperm DNA fragmentations of Group 1 and Group 2 were decreased (P = 0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). Total antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with sperm concentration (ρ = 0.475, P = 0.019), total sperm count (ρ = 0.427, P = 0.037), motility (ρ = 0.716, P < 0.0001) and normal morphological forms (ρ = 0.613, P = 0.001) and negatively correlated with the seminal oxidative damage (ρ=-0.829, P = 0.042) in varicocele patients. CONCLUSION This is the first study investigating the expressions of sperm miR-145 and MLH1 in varicocele patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the potential effect of miR-145 on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Hekim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, 55139, Turkey.
- Graduate Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Sezgin Gunes
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, 55139, Turkey
- Graduate Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sercan Ergun
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, 55139, Turkey
- Graduate Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Elzem Nisa Barhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, 55139, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Asci
- Graduate Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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3
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Han B, Wang Y, Ge W, Wang J, Yu S, Yan J, Hua L, Zhang X, Yan Z, Wang L, Zhao J, Huang C, Yang B, Wang Y, Ma Q, Zhao Y, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Liang S, Zhao J, Sun Z, Shen W, Gui Y. Changes in seminal plasma microecological dynamics and the mechanistic impact of core metabolite hexadecanamide in asthenozoospermia patients. IMETA 2024; 3:e166. [PMID: 38882497 PMCID: PMC11170967 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Asthenozoospermia (AZS) is a prevalent contributor to male infertility, characterized by a substantial decline in sperm motility. In recent years, large-scale studies have explored the interplay between the male reproductive system's microecology and its implications for reproductive health. Nevertheless, the direct association between seminal microecology and male infertility pathogenesis remains inconclusive. This study used 16S rDNA sequencing and multi-omics analysis to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the seminal microbial community and metabolites in AZS patients. Patients were categorized into four distinct groups: Normal, mild AZS (AZS-I), moderate AZS (AZS-II), and severe AZS (AZS-III). Microbiome differential abundance analysis revealed significant differences in microbial composition and metabolite profiles within the seminal plasma of these groups. Subsequently, patients were classified into a control group (Normal and AZS-I) and an AZS group (AZS-II and AZS-III). Correlation and cross-reference analyses identified distinct microbial genera and metabolites. Notably, the AZS group exhibited a reduced abundance of bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum in seminal plasma, positively correlating with core differential metabolite (hexadecanamide). Conversely, the AZS group displayed an increased abundance of bacterial genera such as Uruburuella, Vibrio, and Pseudoalteromonas, with a negative correlation with core differential metabolite (hexadecanamide). In vitro and in vivo experiments validated that hexadecanamide significantly enhanced sperm motility. Using predictive metabolite-targeting gene analysis and single-cell transcriptome sequencing, we profiled the gene expression of candidate target genes PAOX and CA2. Protein immunoblotting techniques validated the upregulation protein levels of PAOX and CA2 in sperm samples after hexadecanamide treatment, enhancing sperm motility. In conclusion, this study uncovered a significant correlation between six microbial genera in seminal plasma and the content of the metabolite hexadecanamide, which is related to AZS. Hexadecanamide notably enhances sperm motility, suggesting its potential integration into clinical strategies for managing AZS, providing a foundational framework for diagnostic and therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoquan Han
- Department of Urology Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen-Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yongyong Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Qingdao Hospital University of Healthy and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital) Qingdao China
| | - Wei Ge
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Junjie Wang
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Shuai Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen-Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Jiamao Yan
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Lei Hua
- Department of Urology Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Zihui Yan
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Jinxin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Research Institute of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Bo Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen-Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Urology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Qian Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen-Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen-Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yunqi Zhang
- STI-Zhilian Research Institute for Innovation and Digital Health Beijing China
| | - Shaolin Liang
- STI-Zhilian Research Institute for Innovation and Digital Health Beijing China
- Institute for Six-sector Economy Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Jianjuan Zhao
- STI-Zhilian Research Institute for Innovation and Digital Health Beijing China
| | - Zhongyi Sun
- Department of Urology Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Life Sciences Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Institute of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen-Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center Shenzhen China
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Victor Oluwaloseyi A, Aduragbemi Noah O, Lydia Oluwatoyin A, Gaffar Y, Moses O, Oyedayo Phillips A, Comfort Onaolapo M, Sylvester Olateju B, Ademola Ayodele A, Mega Obukohwo O, Ayodeji Folorunsho A. Metabolomics of male infertility. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 556:117850. [PMID: 38431200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the use of metabolomics in male infertility. Metabolomics, an evolving omics technology that targets the products of cellular metabolism, is valuable for elucidating underlying pathophysiology of many disorders including male infertility. The identification of reliable biomarkers is essential for accurate diagnosis and for developing precision therapeutics for those afflicted by reproductive dysfunction. Unfortunately, despite significant progress to date, the intricate relationships between these metabolic pathways and male infertility remain elusive. It is clear, however, that additional research is required to more fully characterize the role of metabolomics in this disorder and in the potential development of targeted therapies for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Victor Oluwaloseyi
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Odeyemi Aduragbemi Noah
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Ajayi Lydia Oluwatoyin
- Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Yusuff Gaffar
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olotu Moses
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Moyinoluwa Comfort Onaolapo
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adelakun Ademola Ayodele
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Ajayi Ayodeji Folorunsho
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Anchor Biomed Research Institute, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria; Department of Physiology, Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.
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Lira Neto FT, Roque M, Esteves SC. Effect of varicocele and varicocelectomy on sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation rates in infertile men with clinical varicocele. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2024; 76:49-69. [PMID: 36222786 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.22.05169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Varicocele is the leading cause of male infertility. It can affect sperm quantity and quality through various non-mutually exclusive pathophysiological mechanisms, mainly oxidative stress. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species may overwhelm the sperm's defenses against oxidative stress and harm the sperm's DNA. Excessive sperm DNA breaks, so-called sperm DNA fragmentation, result from the oxidative stress cascade and are commonly found in the ejaculates of men with varicocele and fertility-related issues. Measuring sperm DNA fragmentation can provide valuable information on the extent of harm and might help select candidates for surgical treatment. Varicocelectomy is beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress-associated infertility and improving sperm DNA integrity. However, reproductive outcomes of infertile men with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation rates and surgically treated varicoceles remain poorly studied, and there is a need for well-designed trials to determine the impact of sperm DNA fragmentation reduction on natural and medically assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe T Lira Neto
- AndrosRecife, Andrology Clinic, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Urology, Prof. Fernando Figueira Institute of Integrative Medicine, Recife, Brazil
| | - Matheus Roque
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Mater Prime, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, Campinas, Brazil -
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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6
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Abd El-Hamid IS. Improving chilled and frozen buck sperm characteristics by adding melatonin and L-carnitine to the preservation medium. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14504. [PMID: 37942917 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of melatonin (MLT) and L-carnitine supplementation on sperm quality and antioxidant capacity during chilled and cryopreservation. Twenty-four ejaculates were collected from six Damascus bucks, 4 ejaculates each, from mid-September to mid-October 2022. The pooled semen from each collecting session was divided into 5 equal aliquots after being diluted (1:10) with Tris-citric acid egg yolk extender. The first aliquot served as a control (treatment-free). MLT was added to the second and third aliquots at low and high doses (LD: 4 and HD: 8 μL/mL) (v/v), respectively, while L-carnitine (LC) was added to the fourth and fifth aliquots at the same aforementioned doses. The aliquots were stored at 4°C for 48 h to assess sperm physical and morphological characteristics, alongside lipids peroxidase (LP) production and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity. The optimum doses of MLT and LC that showed potential for maintaining sperm characteristics throughout the chilled storage period were further investigated for protecting the spermatozoa after exposure to cryopreservation stress compared to the control. The results showed higher sperm motility (%) in the MLT-HD group, higher (p ≤ .05) sperm viability (%) in the MLT-LD, and both aliquots of LC at T24 hours of chilled preservation. Normal sperm (%) was higher (p ≤ .05) in both LC-LD and MLT-LD groups than other groups, while sperm acrosome integrity (%) was higher (p ≤ .05) in the LC-LD group. Morphological abnormalities (%) were improved (p ≤ .05) in all treated aliquots compared with control. The mean value of GPX activity was higher (p ≤ .05) in both MLT groups, while the concentration of LP increased (p ≤ .05) in the LC-HD or control groups. Furthermore, supplementing buck sperm medium with 4 μL/mL of MLT or LC improved (p < .05) the sperm characteristics and decreased (p < .05) DNA fragmentation index after thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim S Abd El-Hamid
- Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Kaltsas A. Oxidative Stress and Male Infertility: The Protective Role of Antioxidants. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1769. [PMID: 37893487 PMCID: PMC10608597 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a significant factor in male infertility, compromising sperm function and overall reproductive health. As male infertility garners increasing attention, effective therapeutic interventions become paramount. This review investigates the therapeutic role of antioxidants in addressing male infertility. A detailed examination was conducted on antioxidants such as vitamin C, E, B12, D, coenzyme Q10, zinc, folic acid, selenium, l-carnitine, l-arginine, inositols, and alpha-lipoic acid. This analysis examines the methodologies, outcomes, and constraints of current clinical studies. Antioxidants show notable potential in counteracting the negative effects of oxidative stress on sperm. Based on the evidence, these antioxidants, individually or synergistically, can enhance sperm health and reproductive outcomes. However, certain limitations in the studies call for careful interpretation. Antioxidants are integral in tackling male infertility attributed to oxidative stress. The current findings underscore their therapeutic value, yet there's a pressing need for deeper, comprehensive research. Future studies should focus on refining dosage guidelines, identifying potential side effects, and discerning the most efficacious antioxidant combinations for male infertility solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aris Kaltsas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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8
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Mostafa T, Abdel-Hamid I, Taymour M, Ali O. Genetic variants in varicocele-related male infertility: a systematic review and future directions. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:632-648. [PMID: 34587863 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2021.1983214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic association studies (GAS) may have the capability to probe the genetic susceptibility alleles in many disorders. This systemic review aimed to assess whether an association exists between gene(s)/allelic variant(s), and varicocele-related male infertility (VRMI). This review included 19 GAS that investigated 26 genes in 1,826 men with varicocele compared to 2,070 healthy men, and 263 infertile men without varicocele. These studies focussed on candidate genes and relevant variants, with glutathione S-transferase gene being the most frequently studied (n = 5) followed by the nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) gene (n = 3) and the phosphoprotein tyrosine phosphatase 1 gene (n = 2). In one study the genes for NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, sperm protamine, human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, polymerase gamma, heat shock protein 90, mitochondrial DNA, superoxide dismutase 2, transition nuclear protein 1, and transition nuclear protein 2, were assessed. There is no clear indication that any of these polymorphisms are sturdily associated with VRMI. However, three studies established that the polymorphic genotype (GT + TT) for rs1799983 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene is more frequent in varicocele patients. Further endeavours such as standardising reporting, exploring complementary designs, and the use of GWAS technology are justified to help replicate these early findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taymour Mostafa
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Abdel-Hamid
- Division of Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mai Taymour
- Dermatology & Andrology specialist, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar Ali
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, 6th October University, Giza, Egypt
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9
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Sperm DNA Damage and Its Relevance in Fertility Treatment: A Review of Recent Literature and Current Practice Guidelines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021446. [PMID: 36674957 PMCID: PMC9860847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage has recently emerged as one of the most controversial topics in male reproductive medicine. While level I evidence indicates that abnormal sperm DNA damage has substantial adverse effects on reproductive outcomes (including chance of pregnancy and risk of miscarriage), there is limited consensus on how sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing should be performed and/or interpreted in clinical practice. In this article, we review: (1) how SDF is assessed, (2) cumulative evidence regarding its impact on reproductive outcomes, (3) methods for mitigating high SDF, and (4) the most recent practice guidelines available for clinicians regarding the use and interpretation of SDF testing.
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Szymański M, Domaracki P, Szymańska A, Wandtke T, Szyca R, Brycht Ł, Wasilow K, Skorupski WJ. The Role and Place of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility Caused by Varicocele. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6391. [PMID: 36362619 PMCID: PMC9655278 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The inability to become pregnant for at least 1 year despite regular unprotected intercourse may indicate infertility of one or both partners. This problem affects approximately 10-20% of couples worldwide, regardless of race, with male infertility reported to account for 25-60% of cases. Among the most common pathological causes of male infertility is the presence of varicocele and chronic infections of the male reproductive system. This study was performed using data collected at the Genesis Infertility Treatment Clinic, Bydgoszcz, Poland, between 1 January 2015 and 30 June 2017. A total of 163 men meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and divided into the idiopathic infertility group (78 men) and varicocele-related infertility group (85 men). All patients received treatment with a male fertility supplement containing a combination of 1725 mg of L-carnitine fumarate, 500 mg of acetyl-L-carnitine, 90 mg of vitamin C, 20 mg of coenzyme Q10, 10 mg of zinc, 200 µg of folic acid, 50 µg of selenium, and 1.5 µg of vitamin B12 (Proxeed® Plus, Sigma-Tau, Italy) twice a day for a period of 6 months from the time of the diagnosis of infertility. The treatment resulted in significant improvements in general semen parameters, particularly sperm count, sperm concentration, total motility, and progressive motility. This antioxidant therapy produced a particularly marked therapeutic benefit in patients with Grade III varicocele, with a greater improvement in progressive motility than in men with less severe or no varicocele. The use of the antioxidant preparation examined here seems reasonable in men with idiopathic infertility and as an adjuvant in those with varicocele-related infertility in whom surgical treatment has resulted in no improvement. Its use should be considered particularly in patients with Grade III varicocele who do not wish to undergo surgical treatment or in whom such a treatment is not possible for various reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Szymański
- Department of Women’s Health and Reproductive Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, 85-435 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Clinic of Gynaecology and Oncological Gynecology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Domaracki
- Department of Women’s Health and Reproductive Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Clinic of Gynaecology and Oncological Gynecology, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Angelika Szymańska
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, 85-435 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wandtke
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, 85-435 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Lung Diseases, Neoplasms and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Robert Szyca
- Clinic of Surgery and Oncological Surgery, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Brycht
- Department of Women’s Health and Reproductive Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Clinic of Surgery and Oncological Surgery, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC, 85-681 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karolina Wasilow
- Department of Women’s Health and Reproductive Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, 85-435 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Jan Skorupski
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
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Lai TCT, Roychoudhury S, Cho CL. Oxidative Stress and Varicocele-Associated Male Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1358:205-235. [PMID: 35641872 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89340-8_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite being regarded as one of the most common causes of male subfertility, the pathophysiology of varicocele remains largely unknown. Recently, oxidative stress (OS) is proposed to be the mediator in how varicocele may negatively impact fertility. The imbalance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and seminal antioxidants results in damage to sperm DNA and lipid membrane. There is evidence demonstrating higher OS level in men with varicocele which is also positively correlated with clinical grading of varicocele. Moreover, a number of studies have revealed the negative correlation between OS and conventional semen parameters. Furthermore, various interventions have shown their potential in alleviating OS in men with varicocele-associated infertility. Although direct evidence on improving pregnancy rate is not available at the moment, varicocelectomy has demonstrated promising results in relieving OS. Oral antioxidants represent another option with a favourable safety profile. The supplement can be used alone or as adjunct to varicocelectomy. However, most of the studies are hampered by heterogenous dose regime and high-level evidence is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Chun-Ting Lai
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Chak-Lam Cho
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Wang Y, Kang Y, Zhang L, Niu H, Sun X, Li Y. Coenzyme Q 10 improves the quality of sheep sperm stored at room temperature by mitigating oxidative stress. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13708. [PMID: 35289021 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to explore whether coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 ) improves the quality of sheep semen stored at room temperature by attenuating oxidative stress. Semen was diluted without (control group), and with antioxidants (5, 50, 250, and 500 μmol/L CoQ10 ). Sperm kinetic parameters and plasma membrane integrity were determined, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were evaluated on the fifth day of semen preservation. The results showed that compared with the control group, the progressive motility in the 50 μmol/L group was higher (p < 0.05) within 2-5 days, and the plasma membrane integrity of sperm was higher in the 50 μmol/L group. The ROS content in the 5 and 50 μmol/L groups was reduced. The MDA level was reduced in the CoQ10 supplementation groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, the CAT, SOD, TAOC, ATP and MMP levels in the 50 μmol/L group were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CoQ10 improved the quality of ram semen by alleviating oxidative stress, and 50 μmol/L CoQ10 was the optimum concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Kang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haoyuan Niu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Reactive Oxygen Species in the Reproductive System: Sources and Physiological Roles. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1358:9-40. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-89340-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wood GJA, Cardoso JPG, Paluello DV, Nunes TF, Cocuzza M. Varicocele-Associated Infertility and the Role of Oxidative Stress on Sperm DNA Fragmentation. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2021; 3:695992. [PMID: 36304050 PMCID: PMC9580684 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2021.695992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele has been extensively described and studied as the most important reversible cause of male infertility. Its impact on semen parameters, pregnancy rates, and assisted reproductive outcomes have been associated with multifactorial aspects, most of them converging to increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). More recently, sperm DNA fragmentation has gained significant attention and potential clinical use, although the body of evidence still needs further evolution. The associations between sperm DNA damage and a variety of disorders, including varicocele itself, share common pathways to ROS increase. This mini-review discusses different aspects related to the etiology of ROS and its relation to varicocele and potential mechanisms of DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Jacom Abdulmassih Wood
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Urology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Guilherme Jacom Abdulmassih Wood
| | - João Paulo Greco Cardoso
- Division of Urology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Davi Vischi Paluello
- Division of Urology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcello Cocuzza
- Division of Urology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Minhas S, Bettocchi C, Boeri L, Capogrosso P, Carvalho J, Cilesiz NC, Cocci A, Corona G, Dimitropoulos K, Gül M, Hatzichristodoulou G, Jones TH, Kadioglu A, Martínez Salamanca JI, Milenkovic U, Modgil V, Russo GI, Serefoglu EC, Tharakan T, Verze P, Salonia A. European Association of Urology Guidelines on Male Sexual and Reproductive Health: 2021 Update on Male Infertility. Eur Urol 2021; 80:603-620. [PMID: 34511305 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The European Association of Urology (EAU) has updated its guidelines on sexual and reproductive health for 2021. OBJECTIVE To present a summary of the 2021 version of the EAU guidelines on sexual and reproductive health, including advances and areas of controversy in male infertility. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The panel performed a comprehensive literature review of novel data up to January 2021. The guidelines were updated and a strength rating for each recommendation was included that was based either on a systematic review of the literature or consensus opinion from the expert panel, where applicable. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The male partner in infertile couples should undergo a comprehensive urological assessment to identify and treat any modifiable risk factors causing fertility impairment. Infertile men are at a higher risk of harbouring and developing other diseases including malignancy and cardiovascular disease and should be screened for potential modifiable risk factors, such as hypogonadism. Sperm DNA fragmentation testing has emerged as a novel biomarker that can identify infertile men and provide information on the outcomes from assisted reproductive techniques. The role of hormone stimulation therapy in hypergonadotropic hypogonadal or eugonadal patients is controversial and is not recommended outside of clinical trials. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence to support the widespread use of other empirical treatments and surgical interventions in clinical practice (such as antioxidants and surgical sperm retrieval in men without azoospermia). There is low-quality evidence to support the routine use of testicular fine-needle mapping as an alternative diagnostic and predictive tool before testicular sperm extraction (TESE) in men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA), and either conventional or microdissection TESE remains the surgical modality of choice for men with NOA. CONCLUSIONS All infertile men should undergo a comprehensive urological assessment to identify and treat any modifiable risk factors. Increasing data indicate that infertile men are at higher risk of cardiovascular mortality and of developing cancers and should be screened and counselled accordingly. There is low-quality evidence supporting the use of empirical treatments and interventions currently used in clinical practice; the efficacy of these therapies needs to be validated in large-scale randomised controlled trials. PATIENT SUMMARY Approximately 50% of infertility will be due to problems with the male partner. Therefore, all infertile men should be assessed by a specialist with the expertise to not only help optimise their fertility but also because they are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and cancer long term and therefore require appropriate counselling and management. There are many treatments and interventions for male infertility that have not been validated in high-quality studies and caution should be applied to their use in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suks Minhas
- Department of Urology, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK.
| | | | - Luca Boeri
- Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ospedale di Circolo and Macchi Foundation, Varese, Italy
| | - Joana Carvalho
- CPUP: Center for Psychology of Porto University, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nusret Can Cilesiz
- Department of Urology, Taksim Training & Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urologic Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Dimitropoulos
- Academic Urology Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; Department of Urology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Murat Gül
- School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Thomas Hugh Jones
- Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Barnsley Hospital NHS Trust, Barnsley, UK
| | - Ates Kadioglu
- Department of Urology, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Uros Milenkovic
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vaibhav Modgil
- Manchester Andrology Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Urology Section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ege Can Serefoglu
- Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tharu Tharakan
- Department of Urology, Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paolo Verze
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Ofosu J, Qazi IH, Fang Y, Zhou G. Use of melatonin in sperm cryopreservation of farm animals: A brief review. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 233:106850. [PMID: 34537566 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is a potent antioxidant with useful applications in several fields. Due to the capacity to scavenge free radicals and enhance cellular endogenous antioxidant defenses, MT is widely used in sperm cryopreservation to protect against oxidative stress-induced damage in frozen-thawed sperm. In this article, there is a review of positive effects of MT supplementation in cryopreservation of sperm from domestic ruminants and swine. There is direct or indirect scavenging of free radicals, preventing lipid peroxidation (LPO), and reducing oxidative stress, therefore, protecting membrane and DNA integrity, enhancing post-thaw antioxidant and enzymatic functions to maintain mitochondrial functions and activity, and regulating ATP production and utilization leading to maintenance of sperm quality, motility, and viability. In addition, MT reportedly inhibits sperm apoptosis, potentially by enhancing sperm viability and modulating abundances of mRNA transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jones Ofosu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Izhar Hyder Qazi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand 67210, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Yi Fang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Guangbin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Li Y, Zhou T, Su YF, Hu ZY, Wei JJ, Wang W, Liu CY, Zhao K, Zhang HP. Prokineticin 2 overexpression induces spermatocyte apoptosis in varicocele in rats. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:500-506. [PMID: 31744994 PMCID: PMC7523614 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_109_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is one of the most important causes of male infertility, as this condition leads to a decline in sperm quality. It is generally believed that the presence of varicocele induces an increase in reactive oxygen species levels, leading to oxidative stress and sperm apoptosis; however, the specific pathogenic mechanisms affecting spermatogenesis remain elusive. Prokineticin 2 (PK2), a secretory protein, is associated with multiple biological processes, including cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. In the testis, PK2 is expressed in spermatocytes under normal physiological conditions. To investigate the role of PK2 in varicocele, a rat varicocele model was established to locate and quantify the expression of PK2 and its receptor, prokineticin receptor 1 (PKR1), by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR assays (qPCR). Moreover, H2O2 was applied to mimic the oxidative stress state of varicocele through coculturing with a spermatocyte-derived cell line (GC-2) in vitro, and the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Here, we illustrated that the expression levels of PK2 and PKR1 were upregulated in the spermatocytes of the rat model. Administration of H2O2 stimulated the overexpression of PK2 in GC-2. Transfection of recombinant pCMV-HA-PK2 into GC-2 cells promoted apoptosis by upregulating cleaved-caspase-3, caspase-8, and B cell lymphoma 2-associated X; downregulating B cell lymphoma 2; and promoting the accumulation of intracellular calcium. Overall, we revealed that the varicocele-induced oxidative stress stimulated the overexpression of PK2, leading to apoptosis of spermatocytes. Our study provides new insight into the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress-associated male infertility and suggests a novel therapeutic target for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huangzhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu-Fang Su
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Hu
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jia-Jing Wei
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chun-Yan Liu
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hui-Ping Zhang
- Family Planning Research Institute/Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Lira Neto FT, Roque M, Esteves SC. Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation rates in infertile men with clinical varicocele: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:696-712. [PMID: 33985792 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of varicocelectomy on sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation (SDF) rates in infertile men with clinical varicocele. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) Infertile men with clinical varicocele subjected to varicocelectomy. INTERVENTION(S) Systematic search using PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane's central database, Scielo, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published from inception until January 2021. We included studies comparing SDF rates before and after varicocelectomy in infertile men with clinical varicocele. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The primary outcome was the difference between the SDF rates before and after varicocelectomy. A meta-analysis of weighted data using random-effects models was performed. Results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were performed on the basis of the SDF assay, varicocelectomy technique, preoperative SDF levels, varicocele grade, follow-up time, and study design. RESULT(S) Nineteen studies involving 1,070 patients provided SDF data. Varicocelectomy was associated with reduced postoperative SDF rates (WMD -7.23%; 95% CI: -8.86 to -5.59; I2 = 91%). The treatment effect size was moderate (Cohen's d = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.77 to 0.60). The pooled results were consistent for studies using sperm chromatin structure assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling, sperm chromatin dispersion test, and microsurgical varicocele repair. Subgroup analyses showed that the treatment effect was more pronounced in men with elevated vs. normal preoperative SDF levels, but the impact of varicocele grade remained equivocal. Meta-regression analysis demonstrated that SDF decreased after varicocelectomy as a function of preoperative SDF levels (coefficient: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.39). CONCLUSION(S) We concluded that pooled results from studies including infertile men with clinical varicocele indicated that varicocelectomy reduced the SDF rates. The treatment effect was greater in men with elevated (vs. normal) preoperative SDF levels. Further research is required to determine the full clinical implications of SDF reduction for these men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Tenório Lira Neto
- Andros Recife, Andrology Clinic, Recife, Brazil; Department of Urology, Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, Recife, Brazil
| | - Matheus Roque
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Mater Prime, 04029-200 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, 13075-460 Campinas, Brazil; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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19
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Agarwal A, Leisegang K, Majzoub A, Henkel R, Finelli R, Panner Selvam MK, Tadros N, Parekh N, Ko EY, Cho CL, Arafa M, Alves MG, Oliveira PF, Alvarez JG, Shah R. Utility of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Male Infertility: Clinical Guidelines Based on a Systematic Review and Analysis of Evidence. World J Mens Health 2021; 39:233-290. [PMID: 33474843 PMCID: PMC7994666 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of male infertility and that antioxidants could have a significant role in the treatment of male infertility. The main objectives of this study are: 1) to systematically review the current evidence for the utility of antioxidants in the treatment of male infertility; and 2) propose evidence-based clinical guidelines for the use of antioxidants in the treatment of male infertility. A systematic review of the available clinical evidence was performed, with articles published on Scopus being manually screened. Data extracted included the type of antioxidant used, the clinical conditions under investigation, the evaluation of semen parameters and reproductive outcomes. The adherence to the Cambridge Quality Checklist, Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), CONSORT guidelines and JADAD score were analyzed for each included study. Further, we provided a Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT) analysis to analyze the current and future value of antioxidants in male infertility. Of the 1,978 articles identified, 97 articles were included in the study. Of these, 52 (53.6%) were uncontrolled (open label), 12 (12.4%) unblinded RCTs, and 33 (34.0%) blinded RCTs, whereas 44 (45.4%) articles tested individual antioxidants, 31 (32.0%) a combination of several products in variable dosages, and 22 (22.6%) registered antioxidant products. Based on the published evidence, we 1) critically examined the necessity of additional double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, and 2) proposed updated evidence-based clinical guidelines for antioxidant therapy in male infertility. The current systematic review on antioxidants and male infertility clearly shows that antioxidant supplementation improves semen parameters. In addition, it provides the indications for antioxidant treatment in specific clinical conditions, including varicocele, unexplained and idiopathic male infertility, as well as in cases of altered semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Edmund Y Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong.,S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Andrology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Anatomy & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Juan G Alvarez
- Centro Androgen, La Coruña, Spain and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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20
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Methorst C, Akakpo W, Graziana JP, Ferretti L, Yiou R, Morel-Journel N, Terrier JE, Beley S, Carnicelli D, Hupertan V, Madec FX, Faix A, Marcelli F, Huyghe E. [Recommendations of the Committee of Andrology and Sexual Medicine of the AFU concerning the management of Varicocele]. Prog Urol 2020; 31:119-130. [PMID: 33308982 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of varicocele is clinical, carried out in supine and standing position and in Valsalva maneuver. Only clinical varicoceles have to be treated. A scrotal ultrasound with Doppler is generally performed as part of the infertile man's evaluation or in case of examination difficulties. The main indication for varicocele treatment is the adult man with clinical varicocele and abnormalities of sperm parameters, in a context of infertility of couple, with a partner having a satisfactory ovarian reserve and no cause of female infertility or a curable infertility cause. The decision to treat varicocele must therefore be taken after evaluation of the two partners of the couple. Adults with symptomatic varicocele and those with spermogram abnormalities may also be offered a cure for their varicocele even in the absence of a paternity plan, as well as adolescents with reduced testicular growth, an ipsilateral decrease testicular volume, or a size gradient between the 2 testes. The cure of varicocele can be carried out by surgery or by percutaneous embolization. Microsurgery (inguinal or subinguinal) offers lower rates of recurrence and complications than high surgical approaches (laparoscopic or not) and surgeries without magnification. It is therefore the reference surgical technique. Percutaneous retrograde embolization is a minimally invasive alternative to microsurgery offering satisfactory outcomes with rare and often benign complications. The cure for varicocele results in an improvement in sperm parameters and recent data seem to confirm that it increases the natural pregnancy rate. These results appear after a delay of 3 to 9 months (at least 1 to 2 cycles of spermatogenesis). When the sperm involvement was severe (azoospermia, severe oligospermia), the improvement of the spermogram allow (1) to avoid surgery testicular sperm extraction or (2) perform intrauterine insemination rather than ICSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Methorst
- Service d'urologie, CH des quatre villes, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - W Akakpo
- Service d'urologie, Hôpital universitaire de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - J P Graziana
- Clinique mutualiste de la porte de l'Orient, Lorient, France
| | - L Ferretti
- Service d'urologie, Hôpital d'instruction des armées Robert Picqué, Villenave-d'Ornon, France
| | - R Yiou
- Service d'urologie, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | - J E Terrier
- Hôpital privé de La Châtaignerie, Beaumont, France
| | - S Beley
- Service d'urologie, Hôpital américain, Paris, France
| | - D Carnicelli
- Service d'urologie, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - V Hupertan
- Cabinet médical Paris Batignolles, Paris, France
| | - F X Madec
- Service d'urologie, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - A Faix
- 265, avenue des États du Languedoc, Montpellier
| | - F Marcelli
- Service d'urologie, CHRU de Lille, France
| | - E Huyghe
- Département d'urologie, Transplantation Rénale et Andrologie, CHU de Toulouse, site de Rangueil, Toulouse, France.
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Arab D, Doustmohammadi H, Ardestani Zadeh A. Dietary supplements in the management of varicocele-induced infertility: A review of potential mechanisms. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13879. [PMID: 33108825 DOI: 10.1111/and.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is a main cause of lower production of spermatozoon and infertility with multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. In the past decades, the use of dietary supplements has significantly increased due to both the modern lifestyle and the food shortages of the industrialised countries. The purpose of this review paper is to collect scientific evidences from basic and clinical studies which support the use of dietary supplements to define the clinical framework for patients with varicocele. In the present review, we used keywords such as dietary supplements, varicocele, male infertility, oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, sperm parameters to find the proper articles. The standard search biomedical engines were used for seeking the papers. The use of dietary supplements such as minerals, vitamins and antioxidants has an essential role in the prevention and treatment of varicocele by increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes (e.g. peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and decreasing the levels of inflammatory markers (e.g. tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1) in testis. According to the results, the dietary supplements may alleviate the spermatogenesis in varicocele patients through different mechanisms such as suppression of stress oxidative and inflammation in testicular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davood Arab
- Clinical Research Development Center, Kowsar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Kowsar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hoda Doustmohammadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Arash Ardestani Zadeh
- Clinical Research Development Center, Kowsar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Kowsar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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22
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Increased Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Infertile Men with Varicocele: Relationship with Apoptosis, Seminal Oxidative Stress, and Spermatic Parameters. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:909-919. [PMID: 32909188 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study intends to determine the extent of nuclear sperm injury in patients with varicocele and to investigate its relationship with apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS). Ejaculated sperm samples from 51 patients diagnosed with varicocele and 29 fertile men were examined. According to the guidelines, the patient's sperm samples were classified into varicocele with normal semen parameters (n = 11) and varicocele with abnormal semen parameters (n = 40). Sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. The proportion of both viable and dead spermatozoa with externalized phosphatidylserine (PS) was detected by the bivariate annexin V/6-CFDA staining method. Seminal malondialdehyde (MDA) amounts and antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured spectrophotometrically. Sperm DNA fragmentation, viable spermatozoa with externalized PS, and MDA levels were significantly higher in studied subgroups of patients with varicocele, either with normal or with abnormal semen parameters than controls. The seminal antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly reduced in both subgroups of patients with varicocele compared to the controls. The percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was positively correlated to the MDA level as well as the proportion of viable spermatozoa with externalized PS. However, the decreased seminal antioxidant status was negatively correlated with the increased proportion of sperm DNA fragmentation and apoptotic spermatozoa. Impaired seminal antioxidant profile and increased seminal level of lipid peroxidation may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of cell death-mediated DNA breaks in patients with varicocele.
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Zhang W, Ou N, Liang Z, Hu R, Song Y, Yang Y, Liu X. Relationship between aryl hydrocarbon receptor and spermatogenic dysfunction in male patients with varicocele. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13792. [PMID: 32780435 DOI: 10.1111/and.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this project is to verify whether there is a difference in the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) between varicocele (VC) and normal male semen, and determine whether there is a connection with the parameters of semen analysis. The risk factors of infertility in patients with VC were also studied. Semen samples were collected for semen analysis and Western blot. Logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors associated with infertility in patients with VC. Men with VC had lower AhR expression compared to healthy men; correlation analysis results showed that: AhR expression in patients with VC group was significantly positively correlated with sperm concentration and sperm motility; significantly negatively correlated with the diameter of spermatic veins during Valsalva and the percentage of abnormal sperm morphology; the research results of related risk factors show that the risk of infertility of patients with grade III is 1.67 times that of patients with grades I and II. For each unit of abnormal sperm morphology, the risk of infertility increases 1.04 times. Sperm concentration, total sperm viability and each unit the expression of AhR protein decreases the risk of infertility by 3%, 9% and 11% respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ningjing Ou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjiao Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Arshad MA, Majzoub A, Esteves SC. Predictors of surgical sperm retrieval in non-obstructive azoospermia: summary of current literature. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:2015-2038. [PMID: 32519242 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02529-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), combined with surgical sperm retrieval (SR) techniques, is the sole option for patients with non-obstructive azoospermia to achieve fertility; however, with suboptimal results. Given the variability in clinical presentation, the potential role of factors that can predict the likelihood of successful testicular SR needs to be clarified. This article summarizes the current evidence concerning the variables predicting SR success in non-obstructive azoospermic patients with spermatogenic failure. For this, we used 60 articles, including 46 original papers and six meta-analyses. Clinical and laboratory factors, as well as adjuvant therapies and surgical retrieval methods, were the factors most commonly investigated. We found that Klinefelter syndrome, Y chromosome microdeletions in regions AZFa/b, and Sertoli cell-only histopathology were associated with reduced SR success. By contrast, testis volume > 12.5 ml, history of cryptorchidism, use of micro-TESE as the sperm retrieval method, and adjuvant therapy were associated with improved SR success. None of the predictors, alone or combined, provide definitive information about the chances of harvesting sperm in men with non-obstructive azoospermia, except for Y chromosome microdeletions in regions AZFa/b. In the latter, SR success is virtually nil. We conclude that SR outcomes in men with non-obstructive azoospermia are difficult to predict based on the existing variables. Although several predictors can be used for patient counseling, their clinical value is limited to either ensure SR success or discourage reproductive urologists from recommending SR to men with non-obstructive azoospermia seeking fertility. A notable exception includes the deletions involving the regions AZFa and/or AZFb of the Y chromosome; the affected patients should be counseled against undergoing SR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Arshad
- Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
- Nishter Hospital, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine- Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Av. Dr. Heitor Penteado, 1464, Campinas, São Paulo, 13075-460, Brazil.
- Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
- Faculty of Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Dave P, Farber N, Vij S. Conventional semen analysis and advanced sperm function tests in diagnosis and management of varicocele. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13629. [PMID: 32369238 DOI: 10.1111/and.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical varicoceles are a common cause of male infertility and affect sperm parameters as measured in a conventional semen analysis. Varicocelectomy has been shown in prospective studies to improve semen parameters in men with a clinical varicocele. Clinical varicoceles are also a well-known source of oxidative stress which may affect the quality of spermatozoa. Spermatozoa are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress due to a limited capacity for DNA repair. The susceptibility of spermatozoa to oxidative stress is modulated by a balance between ROS and antioxidants, which can be quantified by various laboratory assays. Varicocelectomy has been consistently shown to reduce both ROS and sperm DNA fragmentation, and various assays should be utilised in the diagnosis and treatment of infertile men with a clinical varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Dave
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Nicholas Farber
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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26
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Kamal HM, El-Fallah AA, Abdelbaki SA, Khalil MM, Kamal MM, Behiry EG. Association between seminal granulysin and malondialdehyde in infertile men with varicocele and the potential effect of varicocelectomy. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13579. [PMID: 32271478 DOI: 10.1111/and.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the seminal plasma granulysin and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients suffering from varicocele-associated infertility prior to and after varicocelectomy. This study was conducted on 34 infertile men with varicocele (group A) and same patients after varicocelectomy (group B) and 32 fertile normozoospermic males (group C). A detailed history taking, clinical examination, scrotal doppler ultrasound for varicocele diagnosis and grading, semen analysis and estimation of seminal granulysin and MDA before and after varicocelectomy were done to all participants. The mean (SD) granulysin and MDA levels in patients with varicocele were higher than in controls with highly significant differences. Post-operatively, there was a significant reduction in mean (SD) granulysin and in MDA level. Basal seminal granulysin positively correlated with basal seminal MDA, abnormal forms and negatively correlated with basal sperm count, concentration, and progressive motility. The receiver operating characteristic curve of seminal granulysin and MDA levels were conducted for discrimination between infertility cases with varicocele and control groups. Excellent AUCs were found for both markers (AUC = 0.971, 0.991 respectively). We concluded that high levels of granulysin and MDA in the semen of infertile males with varicocele negatively impact their spermatogenesis. Varicocelectomy leads to the improvement of semen parameters and significantly decreases seminal plasma granulysin and MDA levels. Hence, seminal granulysin and MDA could be used as a prognostic test in infertile patients with varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howyda M Kamal
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A El-Fallah
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa M Khalil
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mai M Kamal
- M.B.B.CH. Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Eman G Behiry
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Abdelnour SA, Abd El-Hack ME, Noreldin AE, Batiha GE, Beshbishy AM, Ohran H, Khafaga AF, Othman SI, Allam AA, Swelum AA. High Salt Diet Affects the Reproductive Health in Animals: An Overview. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040590. [PMID: 32244412 PMCID: PMC7222834 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple summary Halophytic plants are a promising animal feed source. However, the extreme NaCl2 salt content constraints their use. Excess diet salt adversely affects growth performance and animal’s reproduction worldwide. This review focuses on the impact of high salt intake on growth performance and reproduction ability in animals. Abstract Salinity is a reliable issue of crop productivity loss in the world and in certain tropical and subtropical zones. However, tremendous progress in the genetic improvement of plants for salinity tolerance has been made over several decades. In light of this, halophytic plants can be used as animal feeds and have promising features because they are a good feed resource. However, the main constraint of saline pasture systems is the extreme concentration of NaCl salt in drinking water and forage plants for grazing animals. Ecological reports revealed that excess diet salt causes mortality and morbidity worldwide. Animal fed halophytic forages may have adverse effects on growth performance and reproductive function in males and females due to inducing reductions in hormone regulation, such as testosterone, FSH, LH, and leptin. It was indicated that high salt intake promotes circulating inflammatory factors in the placenta and is associated with adversative effects on pregnancy. This review focuses on the scientific evidence related to the effect of high salt intake on growth performance, spermatogenesis, sperm function, and testicular morphology changes in male animals. In addition, the review will also focus on its effect on some female reproductive features (e.g., ovarian follicle developments, placental indices, and granulosa cell function).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A. Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Gaber Elsaber Batiha
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, 080-8555, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; (G.E.B.); (A.M.B.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Amani Magdy Beshbishy
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, 080-8555, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan; (G.E.B.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Husein Ohran
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 90, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt;
| | - Sarah I. Othman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef, 65211 Egypt;
| | - Ayman A. Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (AAS);
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Gok B, Gok G, Koc E, Hamidi N, Alijla A, Asil E, Gok A, Kamaci D, Neselioglu S, Ener K. The change in Thiol-Disulphide Homeostasis levels as an oxidative stress marker after varicocelectomy: Is there a relationship with sperm parameters? Andrologia 2020; 52:e13515. [PMID: 31957921 DOI: 10.1111/and.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most important causes of varicocele-related infertility is oxidative stress (OS). One of the markers considered as an indicator of OS is thiol-disulphide homeostasis (TDH). Based on the hypothesis that OS should decrease after varicocelectomy in the light of this information, in our current study, we investigated the relationship between TDH levels and sperm parameters. The data of 56 infertile varicocele men were prospectively analysed. The post-operative total and native thiol levels were significantly higher than those pre-operative total and native thiol levels (477.7 & 436.7 nmol/L, 417.6 & 372.1 nmol/L). Positive correlation was found between total thiol change and change in semen volume (ρ: .277, p: .039), ratio of spermatozoa with normal morphology (ρ: .342, p: .01), progressive (ρ: .334, p: .012) and nonprogressive motility (ρ: .385, p: .003). Positive correlation was also found between native thiol change and semen volume (ρ: .349, p: .008), ratio of spermatozoa with normal morphology (ρ: .362, p: .006), progressive (ρ: .297, p: .026) and nonprogressive motility (ρ: .368, p: .005). Change in the level of TDH was found as positively correlated with progressive and nonprogressive motility change. According to these results, OS decreases with varicocelectomy in infertile patients and TDH can be used as a useful method for measuring OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahri Gok
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine affiliated with of Ankara City Hospital, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gamze Gok
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine affiliated with of Ankara City Hospital, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Koc
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine affiliated with of Ankara City Hospital, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurullah Hamidi
- Department of Urology, Ankara Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Oncology Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Amjad Alijla
- Department of Urology, Ankara Medisun Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erem Asil
- Department of Urology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alper Gok
- Department of Urology, Ankara Diskapi Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Davut Kamaci
- Department of Urology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neselioglu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine affiliated with of Ankara City Hospital, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kemal Ener
- Department of Urology, İstanbul Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Li X, Yang X, Wang X, Wang L, Liu J, Cai F, Wang Y, Lu S. Comparison of outcomes in intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilisation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in men with and without varicocele. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2155-2162. [PMID: 32922176 PMCID: PMC7484661 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.48005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the differences in clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and live birth rates when male partners were diagnosed with a varicocele and to compare these outcomes to those without and study the outcomes based on the grade of varicocele. Methods: The retrospective study was based on a cohort of consecutive infertile couples undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) at the Reproductive Center of Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to the Shandong University during the period between January 2017 and December 2018. A total of 4203 couples comprised of men with and without varicocele undergoing the first ART cycle (1501 intrauterine inseminations (IUI), 1623 in vitro fertilisations (IVF) and 1079 intracytoplasmic sperm injections (ICSI)) were included. Semen parameters and ART outcomes were determined. Results: ICSI (26.5%) originated from men with a significant lower level in sperm concentration and motility but with a strict normal morphology had a higher prevalence of varicocele than men undergoing IUI (20.7%) and IVF (18.1%). In IUI, the odds ratios (ORs) for pregnancy and live birth were significantly lower for couples in men diagnosed with grades 1 or 2 varicocele as compared to those for men with grade 3 varicocele. In IVF, ORs for live birth where men were diagnosed with grades 1 or 2 varicocele were also lower than those for men with grade 3,whereas a higher miscarriage rate was found when men had grades 1 or 2 varicocele than when men had grade 3. However, for ICSI, no significant outcomes were found in grades 1, 2 or 3 varicocele versus the no varicocele group. Conclusions: The increasing grade of varicocele was negatively associated with sperm parameters and can alter the outcome of further IUI/IVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Yang
- The Medical Scientific Research Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530000, P.R. China
| | - Xianlong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jiaolong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Cai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Shaoming Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics; The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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Xu Y, Lu H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wu Q. Comprehensive metabolic profiles of seminal plasma with different forms of male infertility and their correlation with sperm parameters. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 177:112888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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31
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Esteves SC, Santi D, Simoni M. An update on clinical and surgical interventions to reduce sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men. Andrology 2019; 8:53-81. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro C. Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic Referral Center for Male Reproduction Campinas Brazil
- Department of Surgery (Division of Urology) University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Brazil
- Faculty of Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Daniele Santi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology Department of Medical Specialties Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Modena Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology Department of Medical Specialties Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Modena Italy
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Relationships between Ghrelin and Obestatin with MDA, Proinflammatory Cytokines, GSH/GSSG Ratio, Catalase Activity, and Semen Parameters in Infertile Patients with Leukocytospermia and Varicocele. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7261842. [PMID: 31781347 PMCID: PMC6855048 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7261842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin and obestatin are involved in many biological functions including reproduction. Growing evidences suggest that both peptides could exert protective and antioxidant activities. In this study, the relationships between ghrelin/obestatin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), expressed as the GSH/GSSG ratio, catalase (CAT), and semen parameters in infertile patients with varicocele or leukocytospermia and controls were investigated. Fifty-six infertile patients (32 with leukocytospermia and 24 with varicocele) and 14 controls participated in this study. Semen analysis was performed following the WHO guidelines. Apoptotic and necrotic sperm were scored by annexin V/propidium iodide assay. Seminal plasma samples were used for the following determinations: ghrelin, obestatin, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by an immunological method, GSH/GSSG by an enzymatic method, and CAT by spectrophotometric determination. With respect to controls, both the leukocytospermia and varicocele groups showed altered sperm parameters, significantly increased sperm apoptosis (P = 0.009 and P = 0.011, respectively), IL-6 (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.004, respectively), and TNF-α levels (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.002, respectively); both groups had significantly decreased levels of ghrelin (P = 0.0001), obestatin (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.006, respectively), and GSH/GSSG ratio (P = 0.003 and P = 0.0001, respectively). The MDA concentration was significantly increased in the leukocytospermia group vs. controls (P = 0.0001), in the varicocele group vs. controls (P = 0.011), and in the leukocytospermia group vs. the varicocele group (P = 0.008). CAT activity was augmented in both the leukocytospermia and varicocele groups (P = 0.0001)vs. controls. The results indicate that both ghrelin and obestatin may play a protective role in human semen and this effect is probably due to their antioxidant properties.
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Rateb SA, Khalifa MA, Abd El-Hamid IS, Shedeed HA. Enhancing liquid-chilled storage and cryopreservation capacities of ram spermatozoa by supplementing the diluent with different additives. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 33:1068-1076. [PMID: 32054222 PMCID: PMC7322662 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective In the present study, we determined efficiency of incorporating caffeine, melatonin or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the diluent on mitigating consequences of (a) liquid chilled- and (b) cryo-storage of ram spermatozoa. Methods In the first experiment, ejaculates (n = 30) were collected from 5 adult rams and were pooled, diluted (1:10) with Tris-citric acid (base diluent) and were split into 4 aliquots assigned for: control (untreated), caffeine (0.1 mM), melatonin (0.3 mM) or omega-3 fatty acids (0.3 mM) (T0). The diluted specimens were stored at 4°C for 48 h, during which sperm physical and cytological properties were evaluated along with oxidative stress indices (T24, T48). In the second experiment, 15 ejaculates (3 per male) were pooled, diluted with glycerolized base diluent (4% glycerol, v/v) and were split corresponding to the same previous treatment groups before being processed for cryopreservation. Post-thaw physical and kinematic sperm properties were assessed by a computer-assisted sperm analysis system. Results The results clarified superiority of both melatonin and omega-3 supplementation on maintaining (p<0.05) sperm properties, while reducing (p<0.05) lipid peroxidase reaction and enzymatic activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in preservation medium, compared to caffeine either during liquid-chilled storage or cryopreservation of spermatozoa. Conclusion Melatonin and omega-3 are regarded efficient alternatives to caffeine when processing ram spermatozoa for application of artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Rateb
- Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Khalifa
- Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim S Abd El-Hamid
- Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Hesham A Shedeed
- Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo 11753, Egypt
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34
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Lipshultz LI, Ramasamy R, Sandlow JI, Hotaling J, Eisenberg M, Niederberger C, Brannigan RE. Microsurgical varicocelectomy: novel applications to optimize patient outcomes. Fertil Steril 2019; 112:632-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Esteves SC. Interventions to Prevent Sperm DNA Damage Effects on Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1166:119-148. [PMID: 31301050 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Excessive oxidation and antioxidant imbalance resulting from several conditions may cause sperm DNA damage, which, in turn, affect male fertility, both natural and assisted. Sperm DNA damage transferred to the embryo might also affect the health of offspring. Several conditions associated with excessive oxidative stress are modifiable by the use of specific treatments, lifestyle changes, and averting exposure to environmental/occupational toxicants. Here, we discuss the strategies to reduce sperm DNA damage with a focus on clinical and surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, Campinas, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil. .,Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Abstract
The relationship between varicoceles and subfertility is well-established, but recent evidence suggests that varicoceles may cause global testicular dysfunction. This has led to exploration into expanding the indications for varicocelectomy. This review examines the literature regarding varix ligation as a treatment for non-obstructive azoospermia, elevated DNA fragmentation, and hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Luke Machen
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jay I Sandlow
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
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37
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Yan S, Shabbir M, Yap T, Homa S, Ramsay J, McEleny K, Minhas S. Should the current guidelines for the treatment of varicoceles in infertile men be re-evaluated? HUM FERTIL 2019; 24:78-92. [PMID: 30905210 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2019.1582807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility is a major health burden worldwide. In the United Kingdom, the diagnostic and treatment pathway for male factor fertility is fragmented with wide variance in management and funding protocols. There is now a focus on potential overtreatment of couples with IVF and failure to treat male factors before considering assisted reproductive technology (ART). Despite this, contemporary Urological guidelines are not definitive in the indications for varicocele treatment, whilst the current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines do not advocate surgical intervention. While controversy exists concerning the effects of varicocele treatment on natural pregnancy rates, there is growing evidence that varicocele treatment can have additional positive effects on fertility by reducing their impact on sperm DNA fragmentation and improving ART outcomes. Studies have demonstrated that azoospermic men may become oligospermic following varicocele intervention, obviating the need for surgical sperm retrieval. Sperm retrieval rates also increase following varicocele treatment in men with non-obstructive azoospermia. The contemporary literature demonstrates a clear clinical benefit for treating varicoceles in infertile men, which may be more cost-effective than proceeding to immediate ART. This review comprehensively evaluates the current indications for varicocele treatment, and it is proposed that these should be redefined in contemporary guidelines to reflect current advances in male fertility research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Yan
- The Urology Centre, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Maj Shabbir
- The Urology Centre, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tet Yap
- The Urology Centre, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sheryl Homa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Jonathan Ramsay
- Department of Men's Health and Andrology, Imperial College Healthcare, London, UK
| | - Kevin McEleny
- Newcastle Fertility Centre, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Suks Minhas
- Department of Men's Health and Andrology, Imperial College Healthcare, London, UK
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38
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Adekunbi D, Ogunsola O, Oyelowo O, Aluko E, Popoola A, Akinboboye O. Consumption of high sucrose and/or high salt diet alters sperm function in male Sprague–Dawley rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.A. Adekunbi
- Department of Physiology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - O.A. Ogunsola
- Department of Physiology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - O.T. Oyelowo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - E.O. Aluko
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - A.A. Popoola
- Department of Physiology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - O.O. Akinboboye
- Department of Physiology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
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39
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Efrat M, Stein A, Pinkas H, Breitbart H, Unger R, Birk R. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) attenuates sperm hyperactivity and spontaneous acrosome reaction. Andrology 2018; 7:24-30. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Efrat
- Department of Nutrition Faculty of Health Sciences Ariel University ArielIsrael
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar Ilan University Ramat‐GanIsrael
| | - A. Stein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization Unit Belinson Medical Center Petah Tiqva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - H. Pinkas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization Unit Belinson Medical Center Petah Tiqva Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv‐Yafo Israel
| | - H. Breitbart
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar Ilan University Ramat‐GanIsrael
| | - R. Unger
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar Ilan University Ramat‐GanIsrael
| | - R. Birk
- Department of Nutrition Faculty of Health Sciences Ariel University ArielIsrael
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40
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Rateb SA. Influence of omega-3 incorporation in sperm preservation medium on physical and kinematic properties of chilled and cryopreserved ram spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53:1506-1516. [PMID: 30054952 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were carried out to investigate the efficiency of supplementing sperm preservation medium with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on improving liquid-chilled storage and cryopreservation capacity of ram spermatozoa. Ejaculates (n = 100) were collected from five adult rams, Ovis aries, by an artificial vagina twice weekly throughout the period February-April, 2017. After initial evaluation, ejaculates of each collection session from the same males were pooled, diluted (1:10) with Tris-citric acid egg yolk extender, and were further split into five aliquots using a split-sample technique. The first aliquot served as control (omega-free), whereas the other four portions were supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 mM omega-3, respectively (T0 ). Thereafter, the diluted specimens were stored at 4°C for 48 hr, during which sperm physical and morphometric properties were evaluated along with oxidative stress indices (T24 , T48 ). Omega-3 levels that efficiently mitigated the detrimental effects of chilled preservation, and maintained preservation aptitude of spermatozoa were further investigated for sperm cryosurvival against control (untreated). Post-thaw physical and kinematic properties of spermatozoa, in all groups, were objectively evaluated by a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system. The results showed that, at 48 hr of chilled storage, supplementing preservation medium with 0.4 mM omega-3 was positively correlated (p < 0.01) with each of progressive motility, live sperm, intact acrosome and intact cell membrane (r = 0.83, 0.85, 0.85, 0.89, respectively). Furthermore, a positive correlation (p < 0.01) was observed between inclusion of omega-3 in cryopreservation medium and each of post-thaw total sperm motility, progressive motility, live sperm, normal sperm, intact acrosome, intact cell membrane, VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH and STR (r = 0.76, 0.84, 0.79, 0.90, 0.89, 0.91, 0.61, 0.73, 0.65, 0.78 and 0.60, respectively). These results accentuate efficiency of supplementing the diluent with omega-3 fatty acids on improving chilled and cryopreservation aptitude of ram spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Rateb
- Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Cairo, Egypt
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41
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Malivindi R, Rago V, De Rose D, Gervasi MC, Cione E, Russo G, Santoro M, Aquila S. Influence of all‐
trans
retinoic acid on sperm metabolism and oxidative stress: Its involvement in the physiopathology of varicocele‐associated male infertility. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9526-9537. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Daniela De Rose
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | | | - Erika Cione
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Giampiero Russo
- Consultorio Familiare UNICAL, ASP—National Health Service, Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Rende Italy
| | - Marta Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
| | - Saveria Aquila
- Department of Pharmacy and Sciences of Health and Nutrition University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria Cosenza Italy
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42
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43
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Gul M, Bugday MS, Erel O. Thiol-disulphide homoeostasis as an oxidative stress marker in men with varicocele. Andrologia 2018; 50:e12982. [PMID: 29411889 DOI: 10.1111/and.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the most common factor leading to infertility in men with varicocele. Reactive oxygen species and other markers of oxidative stress are measured to predict the extent of oxidative stress. Thiol groups are important antioxidants and essential molecules protecting organism against the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species. Thiol-disulphide homoeostasis is a unique, easy and new method to demonstrate oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to determine thiol-disulphide homoeostasis as an oxidative stress marker in infertile men with varicocele. The hormonal profile and parameters of thiol-disulphide homoeostasis were studied in 46 infertile men with varicocele, 70 fertile men with varicocele and 37 fertile controls. Infertile men with varicocele had significantly higher disulphide concentrations and disulphide/native thiol, disulphide/total thiol and native/total thiol ratios than those of fertile men with varicocele and fertile controls. According to these results, the blood plasma of patients with varicocele contains excessive oxidative stress, even in men with normospermia, and therefore, thiol-disulphide homoeostasis may be useful as an oxidative stress marker in men with varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gul
- Department of Urology, Van Training and Research Hospital, University of Ministry of Health, Van, Turkey
| | - M S Bugday
- Department of Urology, Van Training and Research Hospital, University of Ministry of Health, Van, Turkey
| | - O Erel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Yıldırım Beyazıt University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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44
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Simanjuntak Y, Liang JJ, Chen SY, Li JK, Lee YL, Wu HC, Lin YL. Ebselen alleviates testicular pathology in mice with Zika virus infection and prevents its sexual transmission. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006854. [PMID: 29447264 PMCID: PMC5814061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the low case fatality, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Antiviral and vaccine developments against ZIKV are still ongoing; therefore, in the meantime, preventing the disease transmission is critical. Primarily transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes, ZIKV also can be sexually transmitted. We used AG129 mice lacking interferon-α/β and -γ receptors to study the testicular pathogenesis and sexual transmission of ZIKV. Infection of ZIKV progressively damaged mouse testes, increased testicular oxidative stress as indicated by the levels of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, glutathione peroxidase 4, spermatogenesis-associated-18 homolog in sperm and pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and G-CSF. We then evaluated the potential role of the antioxidant ebselen (EBS) in alleviating the testicular pathology with ZIKV infection. EBS treatment significantly reduced ZIKV-induced testicular oxidative stress, leucocyte infiltration and production of pro-inflammatory response. Furthermore, it improved testicular pathology and prevented the sexual transmission of ZIKV in a male-to-female mouse sperm transfer model. EBS is currently in clinical trials for various diseases. ZIKV infection could be on the list for potential use of EBS, for alleviating the testicular pathogenesis with ZIKV infection and preventing its sexual transmission.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/therapeutic use
- Azoles/therapeutic use
- Cell Nucleus Shape/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus Size/drug effects
- Cell Shape/drug effects
- Cell Size/drug effects
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Isoindoles
- Leukocytes/drug effects
- Leukocytes/immunology
- Leukocytes/metabolism
- Leukocytes/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Organoselenium Compounds/therapeutic use
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Receptors, Interferon/genetics
- Receptors, Interferon/metabolism
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral/drug therapy
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral/pathology
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral/transmission
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral/virology
- Spermatogenesis/drug effects
- Spermatozoa/immunology
- Spermatozoa/metabolism
- Spermatozoa/pathology
- Spermatozoa/virology
- Testis/drug effects
- Testis/immunology
- Testis/pathology
- Testis/virology
- Zika Virus/drug effects
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus/pathogenicity
- Zika Virus Infection/drug therapy
- Zika Virus Infection/pathology
- Zika Virus Infection/transmission
- Zika Virus Infection/virology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogy Simanjuntak
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jong Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Kun Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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45
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Pallotti F, Paoli D, Carlini T, Vestri AR, Martino G, Lenzi A, Lombardo F. Varicocele and semen quality: a retrospective case-control study of 4230 patients from a single centre. J Endocrinol Invest 2018. [PMID: 28647897 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study is to assess impairment of spermatogenesis induced by varicocele in, to our knowledge, the largest single-centre caseload available to date. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study on 4230 consecutive patients attending our Department for andrological outpatient assessment and preconception check-ups between 2011 and 2014. A total of 2113 patients had varicocele (Group V), while the remaining 2117 were selected as the control group (Group C). All patients were divided into age classes (<17, 18-28, 29-39 and ≥40 years), and Group V patients were classified as "low" (I-II) or "high" (III-IV) grade. RESULTS Varicocele patients had a higher mean height than controls, as well as lower BMI. There was also a statistically significant reduction in the concentration/mL and the total sperm number in Group V against Group C. When stratified by age, values for all semen parameters were significantly worse in the older than in the younger age classes in both Group V and Group C, except for concentration/mL and total sperm number in the 29-39 and ≥40 age classes in both groups. A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that factors independently predicting the presence of varicocele were older age, higher BMI and smoking for more than 10 years. CONCLUSIONS Varicocele patients show worse semen parameters compared to controls, although their values were still within WHO reference limits. Semen quality is further worsened by increased age, grade and chronic smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - D Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - T Carlini
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A R Vestri
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Martino
- Department of Surgical Sciences "R. Paolucci", "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - F Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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46
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Mostafa T, Nabil N, Rashed L, Makeen K, El-Kasas MA, Mohamaed HA. Seminal SIRT1 expression in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic men with varicocoele. Andrology 2018; 6:301-305. [PMID: 29359516 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In a case-controlled study, we assessed the expressed seminal NAD-dependent protein deacetylase (SIRT1) expression in infertile oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) men associated with varicocoele. Our study involved 81 men, recruited from the University hospitals, after ethical approval and informed consent. They were allocated into fertile normozoospermic men (n = 23), infertile OAT men without varicocoele (n = 23) and infertile OAT men with varicocoele (n = 35). Inclusion criteria consisted of confirmation of abnormal semen parameters and normal female partners whereas exclusion criteria were leukocytospermia, tobacco smoking, hormonal therapy, immunological disorders, dyslipidemia, hypogonadism, cardiovascular disorders, morbid obesity, and hepatic or renal failures. All participants had an interview to assess clinical history, clinical examination, semen analysis, and estimation of seminal SIRT1 expression. Seminal SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in infertile OAT men than fertile men. Among infertile OAT men, seminal SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in those with varicocoele than in those without. Additionally, seminal SIRT1 expression was significantly lower in varicocoele grade III cases compared with other grades. Seminal SIRT1 expression was positively correlated with sperm concentration (r = 0.327, p = 0.001), total sperm motility (r = 0.532, p = 0.001), and sperm normal forms (r = 0.469, p = 0.001). Our results suggest that seminal SIRT1 expression has a role of male infertility being significantly decreased in infertile OAT men in general and in infertile OAT men associated with varicocoele in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mostafa
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N Nabil
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - L Rashed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - K Makeen
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M A El-Kasas
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H A Mohamaed
- Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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47
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Ricci E, Al-Beitawi S, Cipriani S, Alteri A, Chiaffarino F, Candiani M, Gerli S, Viganó P, Parazzini F. Dietary habits and semen parameters: a systematic narrative review. Andrology 2017; 6:104-116. [PMID: 29266782 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Semen quality and male fertility are declining worldwide. As it was observed that physiologic and pathologic processes of spermatogenesis can be influenced by diet, the relation between dietary habits and semen parameters has been the focus of much interest. To review the human observational studies on this issue, we performed a systematic literature search, up to November 2016 (MEDLINE and EMBASE). We included all observational full-text papers reporting the relation between dietary habits and semen parameters. Article selection was carried out in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Twenty-three observational studies were included. Overall, 8477 healthy men and 1204 men presenting at Fertility Clinics were included in the selected studies. Even if some inconsistencies are present, possibly due to the different effect of nutrients in fertile and infertile men, results support the hypothesis that diets including fruit and vegetables, for their contents in vitamins, and fish or low-fat dairy products as the main source of proteins, are associated with better semen quality. Recommendations may be confidently provided because of the many beneficial effects of a healthy diet, although further studies are needed to clarify the currently inconsistent findings and to shed light on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ricci
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - S Al-Beitawi
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - S Cipriani
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - A Alteri
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - F Chiaffarino
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - M Candiani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute University, Milano, Italy
| | - S Gerli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Viganó
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - F Parazzini
- Dipartimento della donna, del bambino e del neonato, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
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Angrimani DSR, Nagai KK, Rui BR, Bicudo LC, Losano JDA, Brito MM, Francischini MCP, Nichi M. Spermatic and oxidative profile of domestic cat (Felis catus
) epididymal sperm subjected to different cooling times (24, 48 and 72 hours). Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 53:163-170. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- DSR Angrimani
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - KK Nagai
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - BR Rui
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - LC Bicudo
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - JDA Losano
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - MM Brito
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - MCP Francischini
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M Nichi
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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Vakalopoulos I, Kampantais S, Lymperi S, Grivas N, Ioannidis A, Mykoniatis I, Nikolaou V, Dimitriadis G. Should we expand the indications for varicocele treatment? Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:931-942. [PMID: 29184794 PMCID: PMC5673807 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.08.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Current guidelines suggest that treatment of varicocele should be considered in patients with clinically palpable disease and abnormal semen parameters. However, the clinicians are often challenged with the decision whether to treat varicocele in patients with testicular pain or low testosterone levels. Moreover, varicocele is highly associated with DNA fragmentation due to the oxidative stress and it has been demonstrated that surgical repair of varicocele ameliorates oxidative stress markers and consequently the sperm DNA integrity. These new markers could have an adjunctive role to standard semen parameters especially when normal semen analysis is found in adult men with conventional methods. This review presents a contemporary overview of the rationale for varicocele treatment, as well as of the relationship between varicocele and other novel parameters such as DNA fragmentation index and reactive oxygen species. We will also discuss data from several recent series demonstrating that surgical treatment and especially microsurgical approach could resolve testicular pain, increase testosterone levels and fertility rate both in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia as well as in normozoospermia men. The correlation with progressive testicular failure will be also examined. We hope that this overview will provide clinicians with an evidence-based approach to managing these unanswered and conflicting topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Vakalopoulos
- 1 Urologic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Nikolaos Grivas
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anastasios Ioannidis
- 1 Urologic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Mykoniatis
- 1 Urologic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilios Nikolaou
- 1 Urologic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimitriadis
- 1 Urologic Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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50
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Plasma Metabolomics Analysis Based on GC-MS in Infertile Males with Kidney-Yang Deficiency Syndrome. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:6270195. [PMID: 29292399 PMCID: PMC5674502 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6270195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Chinese medicine syndrome diagnosis is the key requisite in the treatment of male infertility with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Kidney-Yang deficiency syndrome (KYDS) is the critical Chinese medicine syndrome of male infertility. To explore the modernized mechanisms of KYDS in male infertility, this study aims to investigate the metabolomics of males with KYDS. Methods The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was applied to analyze the plasma samples of 67 infertile males with KYDS compared with 55 age-matched healthy controls. The chemometric methods including principal component and partial least squares-discriminate analyses were employed to identify the potential biochemical patterns. With the help of the variable importance for the projection and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, the potential biomarkers were extracted to define the clinical utility. Simultaneously the high-quality KEGG metabolic pathways database was used to identify the related metabolic pathways. Results The metabolomics profiles of infertile males with KYDS including 10 potential biomarkers and six metabolic pathways were identified. They precisely distinguished infertile males with KYDS from healthy controls. Conclusions These potential biomarkers and pathways suggest the substantial basis of infertile males with KYDS. The metabolomics profiles highlight the modernized mechanisms of infertile males with KYDS.
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