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Dong B, Zhang G, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang M, Li L, Lin W. Development of an Indirect ELISA Based on Spike Protein to Detect Antibodies against Feline Coronavirus. Viruses 2021; 13:v13122496. [PMID: 34960764 PMCID: PMC8707903 DOI: 10.3390/v13122496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a pathogenic virus commonly found in cats that causes a benign enteric illness and fatal systemic disease, feline infectious peritonitis. The development of serological diagnostic tools for FCoV is helpful for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) to detect antibodies against FCoV using histidine-tagged recombinant spike protein. FCoV S protein (1127–1400 aa) was expressed and used as an antigen to establish an ELISA. Mice and rabbits immunized with the protein produced antibodies that were recognized and bound to the protein. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 1.15–5.04% and the inter-assay CV was 4.28–15.13%, suggesting an acceptable repeatability. iELISA did not cross-react with antisera against other feline viruses. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an 86.7% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity for iELISA. Serum samples (n = 107) were tested for anti-FCoV antibodies, and 70.09% of samples were positive for antibodies against FCoV. The iELISA developed in our study can be used to measure serum FCoV antibodies due to its acceptable repeatability, sensitivity, and specificity. Additionally, field sample analysis data demonstrated that FCoV is highly prevalent in cat populations in Fujian province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Dong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan 364012, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (B.D.); Tel.: +86-597-279-7255 (B.D. & W.L.)
| | - Gaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xufei Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Linglin Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Weiming Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, College of Life Science of Longyan University, Longyan 364012, China; (G.Z.); (X.Z.); (X.C.); (M.Z.); (L.L.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases and Biotechnology, Longyan 364012, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (B.D.); Tel.: +86-597-279-7255 (B.D. & W.L.)
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Lass J, Nielsen ML, Bjørnvad CR, Vitger AD, Cremer SE. Analytical performance of canine acylated and unacylated ghrelin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Vet Clin Pathol 2019; 48:748-753. [PMID: 31696557 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ghrelin is a major appetite-stimulating hormone. It circulates as acylated ghrelin (AG) and unacylated ghrelin (UAG), which could have different metabolic actions in obesity. Our objective was to study the analytical performance of two new canine AG and UAG ELISAs using blood samples from healthy, normal-weight dogs. Additionally, the effect of a protease inhibitor (PI) on short-term sample storage was analyzed. METHODS The intra- and inter-assay precision for low, intermediate, and high AG and UAG concentrations, accuracy, limits of quantification (LQ), and detection limit (DL) of a blank sample were determined in ten healthy dogs. To study the effects of a PI on ghrelin concentrations, and AG and UAG concentrations were compared in five canine plasma samples stored for 1 month with (PI+), without (PI-), and with PI added at sample thawing (PI+th). RESULTS The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 1.8%-5.7% and 2.9%-6.4% for the AG assay, and 0.8%-7.5% and 2.8%-13.4% for the UAG assay, respectively. Accuracy analyses showed nonsignificant deviation from linearity for the AG (R2 = .99; Runs test: P = .37) and UAG (R2 = .99; Runs test: P = .42) assays. For the AG assay, the upper LQ was >1261 pg/mL, the lower LQ was 6.2 pg/mL, and the DL was 0.3 pg/mL. For the UAG assay, the upper LQ was >1785 pg/mL, the lower LQ was 16.3 pg/mL, and the DL was 1.8 pg/mL. No differences in the AG (P = .54) and UAG (P = .95) concentrations were detected in the plasma samples subjected to PI+, PI-, and PI+th. CONCLUSION The AG and UAG ELISA assays had acceptable precision, accuracy, lower LQ, and DLs, but upper LQ could not be established. An influence of the PI on short-term storage was not detectable. Long-term storage ± PI was not evaluated and should be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Lass
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette L Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotte R Bjørnvad
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne D Vitger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe E Cremer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Luño I, Palacio J, García-Belenguer S, Rosado B. Baseline and postprandial concentrations of cortisol and ghrelin in companion dogs with chronic stress-related behavioural problems: A preliminary study. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Muñoz-Prieto A, Escribano D, Cerón JJ, Martínez-Subiela S, Tvarijonaviciute A. Glucose, fructosamine, and insulin measurements in saliva of dogs: variations after an experimental glucose administration. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 66:64-71. [PMID: 30472034 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate if glucose, fructosamine, and insulin levels can be measured in saliva of dogs and assess the changes in these compounds after an experimental glucose administration. Automated spectrophotometric assays for glucose and fructosamine and an ELISA assay for insulin measurements were validated in saliva of dogs, by evaluating precision, accuracy, and limits of detection. In addition, an intravenous glucose bolus was administrated to 10 beagles and fasting serum and saliva samples were obtained immediately before and 5, 10, 20, 30, and 45 min after glucose infusion. The results of the between-run imprecision gave mean CVs of 6.16, 9.40, and 3.10% for glucose, fructosamine, and insulin, respectively. Linearity under dilution showed coefficient of correlation of 0.999, 0.994, and 0.990 for glucose, fructosamine, and insulin, respectively. The LDs were 0.04 mg/dL, 4.08 μmol/L, and 0.02 μg/mL for glucose, fructosamine, and insulin, respectively. The glucose administration caused an increase in serum and salivary levels of glucose with a peak in salivary levels at 30 min and of insulin with a peak in salivary levels at 45 min, while fructosamine did not change. No correlations between serum and salivary concentrations were found for any compound. It is concluded that glucose, fructosamine, and insulin can be measured in saliva of dogs, and an experimental administration of glucose in this species can lead to increases in glucose and insulin in saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Muñoz-Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - D Escribano
- Department of Food and Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J J Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - A Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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Leclerc L, Thorin C, Flanagan J, Biourge V, Serisier S, Nguyen P. Higher neonatal growth rate and body condition score at 7 months are predictive factors of obesity in adult female Beagle dogs. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:104. [PMID: 28407742 PMCID: PMC5390368 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-0994-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The risks during early growth on becoming overweight in adulthood are widely studied in humans. However, early-life predictive factors for canine adult overweight and obesity have not yet been studied. To identify factors that may help explain the development of overweight and obesity at adulthood in dogs, a longitudinal study of 2 years was conducted in 24 female Beagle dogs of the same age, sexual status, and raised under identical environmental conditions. By means of a hierarchical classification on principal components with the following quantitative values: fat-free mass (FFM), percentage fat mass and pelvic circumference at 2 years of age, three groups of dogs were established and were nominally named: ideal weight (IW, n = 9), slightly overweight (OW1, n = 6) and overweight (OW2, n = 9). With the aim of identifying predictive factors of development of obesity at adulthood parental characteristics, growth pattern, energy balance and plasma factors were analysed by logistic regression analysis. Results At 24 months, the group compositions were in line with the body condition scores (BCS 1–9) values of the IW (5 or 6/9), the OW1 (6/9) and the OW2 (7 or 8/9) groups. Logistic regression analysis permitted the identification of neonatal growth rate during the first 2 weeks of life (GR2W) and BCS at 7 months as predictors for the development of obesity at adulthood. Seventy percent of dogs with either GR2W >125% or with BCS > 6/9 at 7 months belonged to the OW2 group. Results from energy intake and expenditure, corrected for FFM, showed that there was a greater positive energy imbalance between 7 and 10 months for the OW2, compared to the IW group. Conclusion This study expands the understanding of previously reported risk factors for being overweight or obese in dogs, establishing that (i) 15 out of 24 of the studied dogs became overweight and (ii) GR2W and BCS at 7 months of age could be used as predictive factors as overweight adult dogs in the OW2 group had higher values compared the other groups of dogs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-0994-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Leclerc
- LUNAM University, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, C.S. 40706, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France.,Royal Canin SAS, 650 avenue de la petite Camargue, 30470, Aimargues, France
| | - Chantal Thorin
- LUNAM University, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Science and Engineering, Animal Physiopathology and Functional Pharmacology, C.S. 40706, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - John Flanagan
- Royal Canin SAS, 650 avenue de la petite Camargue, 30470, Aimargues, France
| | - Vincent Biourge
- Royal Canin SAS, 650 avenue de la petite Camargue, 30470, Aimargues, France
| | - Samuel Serisier
- LUNAM University, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, C.S. 40706, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France.,Royal Canin SAS, 650 avenue de la petite Camargue, 30470, Aimargues, France
| | - Patrick Nguyen
- LUNAM University, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Science and Engineering, Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, C.S. 40706, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France. .,Nutrition and Endocrinology Unit, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences and Engineering, C.S. 40706, 44307, Nantes Cedex 03, France.
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Fatrcová-Šramková K, Nôžková J, Máriássyová M, Kačániová M. Biologically active antimicrobial and antioxidant substances in the Helianthus annuus L. bee pollen. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2015; 51:176-181. [PMID: 26674447 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1108811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure the content of flavonoids, polyphenols, and carotenoids in the Helianthus annuus L. bee pollen. It was also to evaluate the ability of the dried, frozen, and freeze-dried extracts of sunflower (H. annuus) pollen, its scavenged free radicals and reducing action. Another aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial in vitro action of the H. annuus pollen extracts against the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. All pollen extracts showed medium antiradical activity and reductive ability. The most effective was the freeze-dried extract in both evaluation systems. The evaluation of the protective effects of DNA using a biosensor showed an opposite trending-frozen ˃ dried ˃ freeze-dried pollen. For the evaluation of antiradical activity, the DPPH method was used, and reductive ability was assessed by means of phosphomolybdic complex formation. The comparison of the polyphenols content shows higher values in freeze-dried bee pollen than in the dried and frozen pollen. The highest content of flavonoids was found in the frozen samples and the most carotenoids were present in the dried samples. In our study, the best antibacterial effects of the dried sunflower bee pollen extracts were found against Paenibacillus larvae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus raffinosus. The best inhibitory properties of the frozen sunflower bee pollen extracts were found against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Paenibacillus larvae. Very good inhibitory effects of freeze-dried sunflower bee pollen were found against Paenibacillus larvae, Brochotrix thermosphacta, and Enterococcus raffinosus. The best antifungal activity of the sunflower bee pollen was found in the frozen bee pollen extracts against Aspergillus ochraceus and freeze-dried bee pollen extracts against Aspergillus niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Fatrcová-Šramková
- a Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources , Department of Human Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | - Janka Nôžková
- b Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources , Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra , Nitra , Slovak Republic
| | | | - Miroslava Kačániová
- d Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science , Department of Microbiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra , Nitra , Slovak Republic
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Tvarijonaviciute A, Martínez-Subiela S, Ceron JJ. Influence of different storage conditions and anticoagulants on the measurement of total and acylated ghrelin in dogs: a preliminary study. Vet Rec 2013; 172:289. [PMID: 23322544 DOI: 10.1136/vr.100961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare different sample treatments and storage conditions in order to determine optimal conditions for total and acylated canine ghrelin measurement using ELISA assays. Under the conditions assessed in this study, total ghrelin concentration was stable when stored at room temperature or under cooled conditions (4°C) for approximately six hours regardless of the type of anticoagulant used. When samples were stored at under -20°C, three freeze/thaw cycles during storage did not alter total ghrelin concentration if serum or plasma treated with EDTA or with EDTA-aprotinin is used. When samples were stored at under -80°C, no significant differences were observed after three freeze/thaw cycles in total ghrelin concentrations in serum or plasma treated with EDTA, EDTA-aprotinin or heparin. While acylated ghrelin showed to be very instable, its analysis should be performed within an hour of sample collection or stored at -80°C preferably in serum in order to acquire accurate data. Addition of HCl did not improve total or acylated ghrelin stability. Furthermore, acidification of plasma samples decreased the stability of total ghrelin and impeded determination of acylated ghrelin with the ELISA used in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tvarijonaviciute
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
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Tvarijonaviciute A, Carrillo-Sanchez JD, Ceron JJ. Effect of Estradiol and Progesterone on Metabolic Biomarkers in Healthy Bitches. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:520-4. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Tvarijonaviciute
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia; Spain
| | - JD Carrillo-Sanchez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia; Spain
| | - JJ Ceron
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia; Spain
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Tvarijonaviciute A, German AJ, Martínez-Subiela S, Tecles F, Ceron JJ. Analytical performance of commercially-available assays for feline insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), adiponectin and ghrelin measurements. J Feline Med Surg 2012; 14:138-46. [PMID: 22314090 PMCID: PMC10822485 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x11432236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate three commercially-available human assays for the determination of adiponectin, ghrelin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations in feline serum samples. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were lower than 20%, 15% and 6% for adiponectin, ghrelin and IGF-1 assays, respectively. Dilutions of feline serum pools resulted in linear regression equations in all kits. Mean recovery of adiponectin, ghrelin and IGF-1 assays were 107%, 102% and 105%, respectively. Significant differences were detected in adiponectin and ghrelin concentrations between lean and obese cats (P <0.05 in both cases), but there was no difference in IGF-1 concentrations (P = 0.12).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Murcia, Spain
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