1
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Anwar G, Chen D, Chen Q, Xia C, Yan J. Rofecoxib derivatives as NIR fluorescent probes for mitochondrial viscosity and in vivo imaging of Aβ plaques. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123637. [PMID: 37976581 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder for which the underlying causes remain largely unknown. Therefore, the development of imaging agents capable of detecting biomarkers associated with this disease is crucial. Dual-functional probes are particularly important as they can track two biomarkers at the same time and examine their interaction. Herein, Two red-emissive dual-functional fluorescent probes, RC-1 and RA-2, have been designed and synthesized based on the Rofecoxib scaffold. When probes (RC-1 and RA-2) are in viscous media or bound to Aβ aggregates, there is a dramatic enhancement in fluorescence emission due to the constraint of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer effect (TICT). RC-1 with ideal blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrability enables visualization of Aβ plaques in vivo AD mice. These results suggest that RC-1 and RA-2 have the potential to serve as powerful fluorescence imaging agents for Aβ and mitochondria-related pathology in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulziba Anwar
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Daoyuan Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Qingxiu Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, PR China
| | - Chunli Xia
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, PR China.
| | - Jinwu Yan
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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2
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Silva SV, Lima MA, Hodgson L, Freitas VM, Rodríguez-Manzaneque JC. ADAMTS-1 has nuclear localization in cells with epithelial origin and leads to decreased cell migration. Exp Cell Res 2023; 433:113852. [PMID: 37951335 PMCID: PMC10841765 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
In the study of tumorigenesis, the involvement of molecules within the extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial. ADAMTSs (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs), a group of secreted proteases known for their role in ECM remodeling, were primarily considered to be extracellular proteases. However, our research specifically detected ADAMTS-1, a member of this family, predominantly within the nucleus of mammary cells. Our main objective was to understand the mechanism of ADAMTS-1 translocation to the nucleus and its functional significance in this cellular compartment. Our investigation uncovered that nuclear ADAMTS-1 was present in cells exhibiting an epithelial phenotype, while cells of mesenchymal origin contained the protease in the cytoplasm. Moreover, disruption of ADAMTS-1 secretion, induced by Monensin treatment, resulted in its accumulation in the cytoplasm. Notably, our research indicated that alterations in the secretory pathways could influence the protease's compartmentalization. Additionally, experiments with conditioned medium from cells containing nuclear ADAMTS-1 demonstrated its internalization into the nucleus by HT-1080 cells and fibroblasts. Furthermore, heightened levels of ADAMTS-1 within the ECM reduced the migratory potential of mesenchymal cells. This highlights the potential significance of nuclear ADAMTS-1 as a critical component within the tumor microenvironment due to its functional activity in this specific cellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suély V Silva
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maíra A Lima
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Vanessa M Freitas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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3
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Clemente N, Baroni S, Fiorilla S, Tasso F, Reano S, Borsotti C, Ruggiero MR, Alchera E, Corrazzari M, Walker G, Follenzi A, Crich SG, Carini R. Boosting intracellular sodium selectively kills hepatocarcinoma cells and induces hepatocellular carcinoma tumor shrinkage in mice. Commun Biol 2023; 6:574. [PMID: 37248274 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological treatments for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a partial efficacy. Augmented Na+ content and water retention are observed in human cancers and offer unexplored targets for anticancer therapies. Na+ levels are evaluated upon treatments with the antibiotic cation ionophore Monensin by fluorimetry, ICP-MS, 23Na-MRI, NMR relaxometry, confocal or time-lapse analysis related to energy production, water fluxes and cell death, employing both murine and human HCC cell lines, primary murine hepatocytes, or HCC allografts in NSG mice. Na+ levels of HCC cells and tissue are 8-10 times higher than that of healthy hepatocytes and livers. Monensin further increases Na+ levels in HCC cells and in HCC allografts but not in primary hepatocytes and in normal hepatic and extrahepatic tissue. The Na+ increase is associated with energy depletion, mitochondrial Na+ load and inhibition of O2 consumption. The Na+ increase causes an enhancement of the intracellular water lifetime and death of HCC cells, and a regression and necrosis of allograft tumors, without affecting the proliferating activity of either HCCs or healthy tissues. These observations indicate that HCC cells are, unlike healthy cells, energetically incapable of compensating and surviving a pharmacologically induced Na+ load, highlighting Na+ homeostasis as druggable target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausicaa Clemente
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simona Baroni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Simone Fiorilla
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Tasso
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Reano
- Department of Department of Translational Medicine, Unit of Muscle Biology, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Borsotti
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruggiero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Alchera
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Corrazzari
- Department of Health Science and Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Disease (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Gillian Walker
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Antonia Follenzi
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza, 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Rita Carini
- Department of Health Science Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli, 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
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Wu X, Zhang R, Li Y, Gai Y, Feng T, Kou J, Kong F, Li L, Tang B. Rational Design of MMP-Independent Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes for Accurately Monitoring Mitochondrial Viscosity. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7611-7619. [PMID: 37134014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial viscosity affects metabolite diffusion and mitochondrial metabolism and is associated with many diseases. However, the accuracy of mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probes in measuring viscosity is unsatisfactory because these probes can diffuse from mitochondria during mitophagy with a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). To avoid this problem, by incorporating different alkyl side chains into dihydroxanthene fluorophores (denoted as DHX), we developed six near-infrared (NIR) probes for the accurate detection of mitochondrial viscosity, and the sensitivity to viscosity and the mitochondrial targeting and anchoring capability of these probes increased by increasing the alkyl chain length. Among them, DHX-V-C12 had a highly selective response to viscosity variations with minimum interference from polarity, pH, and other biologically relevant species. Furthermore, DHX-V-C12 was used to monitor the mitochondrial viscosity changes of HeLa cells treated by ionophores (nystatin, monensin) or under starvation conditions. We hope that this mitochondrial targeting and anchoring strategy based on increasing the alkyl chain length will be a general strategy for the accurate detection of mitochondrial analytes, enabling the accurate study of mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Gai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Kou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanpeng Kong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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5
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Cui WL, Wang MH, Yang YH, Ji X, Wang JY. Viscosity & SO 2-sensitive dual colorimetric effect fluorescent sensor enabled imaging detection within plant onion and biological system. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 298:122775. [PMID: 37150073 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The biological microenvironment includes important parameters such as viscosity, polarity, temperature, oxygen content and pH. In particular, abnormal cell viscosity is associated with the development of major diseases. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) serves not only as an essential atmospheric pollutant but also an influential signalling molecule in biological cells, predisposing individuals to increased respiratory disease. In this work, we designed and synthesized a novel fluorescent probe CouCN-V&S with dual response to micro environmental viscosity and SO2. The probe monitored viscosity and SO2 separately through dual emission channels with a difference of 135 nm. The probe responded sensitively to SO2 (<1s) and exhibited satisfactory immunity to interference and pH stability. The probe was successfully applied to imaging cellular, intra-zebrafish viscosity and SO2 changes. Interestingly, we took onion epidermal cells as model and explored the capability of probe CouCN-V&S to image SO2 in plant cells for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Cui
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Mao-Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Yun-Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Xingxiang Ji
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China
| | - Jian-Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Faculty of Light Industry, Qi Lu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, PR China.
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6
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Lu B, Yin J, Liu C, Lin W. Probing the viscosity changes of acute kidney injury by fluorescence imaging. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Fu GQ, Liao QT, Wang ZQ, Tan ZK, Mao GJ, Yang B, Li CY. A HPQ-based far-red fluorescent probe for monitoring viscosity in mice model of acute inflammation. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1226:340192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Li Y, Sun Q, Chen S, Yu X, Jing H. Monensin inhibits anaplastic thyroid cancer via disrupting mitochondrial respiration and AMPK/mTOR signaling. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2539-2547. [PMID: 35168524 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220215123620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The clinical management of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) remains challenging and novel treatment methods are needed. Monensin is a carboxyl polyether ionophore that potently inhibits the growth of various cancer types. Our current work investigates whether monensin has selective anti-ATC activity and systematically explores its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed using a panel of thyroid cancer cell lines. Mitochondrial biogenesis profiles, ATP levels, oxidative stress, AMPK and mTOR were examined in these cells after monensin treatment. RESULTS Monensin is effective to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in a number of thyroid cancer cell lines. The results are consistent across cell lines of varying cellular origins and genetic mutations. Compared to other thyroid cancer cell types, ATC cell lines are the most sensitive to monensin. Of note, monensin used at our experimental concentration affects less of normal cells. Mechanistic studies reveal that monensin acts on ATC cells through disrupting mitochondrial function, inducing oxidative stress and damage, and AMPK activation-induced mTOR inhibition. We further show mitochondrial respiration is a critical target for monensin in ATC cells. CONCLUSIONS Our pre-clinical findings demonstrate the selective anti-ATC activities of monensin. This is supported by increasing evidence monensin can to be repurposed as a potential anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qianshu Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiongjie Yu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongxia Jing
- Department of Ultrasound, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
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9
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Leesombun A, Nihei CI, Kondoh D, Nishikawa Y. Polyether ionophore kijimicin inhibits growth of Toxoplasma gondii and controls acute toxoplasmosis in mice. Parasitol Res 2021; 121:413-422. [PMID: 34750652 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07363-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The natural polyether ionophore antibiotics may be important chemotherapeutic agents. Among them, kijimicin represents an important type of ionophore compound because it inhibits Eimeria tenella and human immunodeficiency virus. The ionophore monensin displays potent activities against several coccidian parasites including the opportunistic pathogen of humans, Toxoplasma gondii. At first, we evaluated the anti-Toxoplasma activity of kijimicin, monensin as a reference control, and anti-Toxoplasma drugs such as clindamycin, in vitro. The half inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for the anti-Toxoplasma activities of kijimicin, monensin, and clindamycin were 45.6 ± 2.4 nM, 1.3 ± 1.8 nM, and 238.5 ± 1.8 nM, respectively. Morphological analyses by electron microscopy revealed cellular swelling and multiple intracellular vacuole-like structures in the T. gondii tachyzoites after treatment with kijimicin and monensin. Kijimicin and monensin also inhibited the invasion of extracellular parasites (IC50 = 216.6 ± 1.9 pM and 531.1 ± 1.9 pM, respectively). Importantly, kijimicin treatment resulted in decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and generation of reactive oxygen species in T. gondii as monensin did. Furthermore, mice treated with kijimicin at 10 mg/kg/day and 3 mg/kg/day showed 91.7% and 66.7% survival rates, respectively, 30 days after infection with T. gondii. The control mice all died within 18 days of infection. The present study shows that kijimicin inhibits T. gondii growth and changes the ultrastruct of the parasites. This finding may lead to validation of kijimicin as new drug to control T. gondii growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpron Leesombun
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.,Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, 73170, Phutthamonthon Nakhonpathom, Thailand
| | - Coh-Ichi Nihei
- The Institute of Microbial Chemistry, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kondoh
- Division of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Nishikawa
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan.
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Schmidt CA, Fisher-Wellman KH, Neufer PD. From OCR and ECAR to energy: Perspectives on the design and interpretation of bioenergetics studies. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101140. [PMID: 34461088 PMCID: PMC8479256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological energy transduction underlies all physiological phenomena in cells. The metabolic systems that support energy transduction have been of great interest due to their association with numerous pathologies including diabetes, cancer, rare genetic diseases, and aberrant cell death. Commercially available bioenergetics technologies (e.g., extracellular flux analysis, high-resolution respirometry, fluorescent dye kits, etc.) have made practical assessment of metabolic parameters widely accessible. This has facilitated an explosion in the number of studies exploring, in particular, the biological implications of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and substrate level phosphorylation via glycolysis (i.e., via extracellular acidification rate (ECAR)). Though these technologies have demonstrated substantial utility and broad applicability to cell biology research, they are also susceptible to historical assumptions, experimental limitations, and other caveats that have led to premature and/or erroneous interpretations. This review enumerates various important considerations for designing and interpreting cellular and mitochondrial bioenergetics experiments, some common challenges and pitfalls in data interpretation, and some potential "next steps" to be taken that can address these highlighted challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron A Schmidt
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
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11
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Xue L, Lv J, Li R, Li Y, Du J, Qi S, Yang Q, Shan Y, Li Y. A novel mitochondrial-targeting fluorescent probe based on 1,4-dihydropyridine to visualize and monitor the viscosity of live cells and mice in vivo. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:4238-4245. [PMID: 34591951 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01206a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell viscosity is related to some diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. These diseases can cause abnormal viscosity of the cell mitochondrial matrix. 1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) is an important organic compound with biological activity and is widely used in drug research. However, there are few studies on its optical properties, especially in the design of viscous fluorescent probes. In this study, a fluorescent probe for viscosity detection using 1,4-dihydropyridine as the fluorophore and indole iodide salt as the recognition group was designed and synthesized. The probe has the advantages of a deep-red emission, low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility and excellent anti-interference ability. In addition, the probe also has the ability to target mitochondria and has been successfully applied to the detection of the viscosity response of HeLa cells and living mice, and has good clinical application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqi Xue
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Jialin Lv
- National Engineering Laboratory of AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ronghang Li
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Yapeng Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Jianshi Du
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Shaolong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Qingbiao Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, Engineering Laboratory of Lymphatic Surgery Jilin Province, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130031, Jilin, China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory of AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yaoxian Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China.
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12
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Lai Y, Zhang T, Song W, Li Z, Lin W. Evaluation of Cell Viability with a Single Fluorescent Probe Based on Two Kinds of Fluorescence Signal Modes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12487-12493. [PMID: 34455772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Accurate evaluation of cell viability is important for dosage tests of anticancer drugs, pathology, and numerous biological experiments. However, due to the serious insufficieny of fluorescent probes, which can distinguish various cell states, the study of cell viability is immensely limited. To resolve this issue, we design and synthesize a new probe ACD-E to monitor cell viability with two kinds of fluorescence signal modes, the first single fluorescent probe that can distinguish three different cell states and furnish accurate information in biological experiments. ACD-E can discriminate live and dead cells in a dual-color mode by evaluating cell mitochondrial esterase activity and can also discriminate live and early necrosis cells by determining mitochondrial viscosity in a "turn-on" mode in the near-infrared region. Significantly, the novel ACD-E can also distinguish cell viability in vivo. This work establishes a robust strategy for monitoring multiple cell states using a single fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbo Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Tengteng Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Zihong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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13
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Quan W, Zhang G, Huang L, Song W, Lin W. A novel fluorescent probe for high-fidelity imaging of mitochondria viscosity changes. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Sun M, Wang T, Yang X, Yu H, Wang S, Huang D. Facile mitochondria localized fluorescent probe for viscosity detection in living cells. Talanta 2021; 225:121996. [PMID: 33592743 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes act as a powerful tool to understand the function of intracellular viscosity, which are closely associated with many functional disorders and diseases. Herein we report a boron-dipyrromethene (4,4-difluoro-4-borata-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene, BODIPY) group based new fluorescent probe (BV-1), which was synthesized facilely by a one-step Knoevenagel-type condensation reaction, to detect viscosity in living cells with high selectivity and sensitivity. DFT calculation demonstrated that the unsaturated moiety at the meso-position of BODIPY suppressed the fluorescence via twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) mechanism in low viscosity media. By restricting the rotation of the molecular rotor, the fluorescence would be enhanced significantly with redshift in emission wavelength in high viscosity conditions. The fluorescence intensity ratio (log (I/I0)) at 570 nm showed a good linearity (R2 = 0.991) with the viscosity (log η) in the range of 2-868 cP. And the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for viscosity were calculated to be 0.16 cP and 0.54 cP, respectively. BV-1 was demonstrated to be mitochondria localized with low cytotoxicity. Utilizing the new probe BV-1, the changes in mitochondrial viscosity caused by monensin or nystatin have been monitored successfully in real time. This work will provide new efficient ways for the development of viscosity probes, which are expected to be used for the study of intracellular viscosity properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtai Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, People's Republic of China; Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | - Huan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore.
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15
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Study on in vitro Toxicity of Biometal(II) Monensinates Against Rat Zajdela Liver Tumour. CHEMISTRY-DIDACTICS-ECOLOGY-METROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/cdem-2020-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The ability of Monensic acid A (MonH∙H2O) and its neutral metal complexes [M(Mon)2(H2O)2]with ions of Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ to decrease viability and proliferation of primary cell cultures, originating from a chemically induced transplantable liver tumour of Zajdela in rats, and bone marrow cells from the same tumour-bearers, was evaluated. Experimental data revealed that manganese(II) and nickel(II) complexes of Monensin A are relatively more selective against the tumour as compared to the healthy bone marrow cells.
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16
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Zhang Z, Cui S, Zhang J. Rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity following accidental monensin ingestion: A report of two cases. Toxicol Ind Health 2020; 37:34-37. [PMID: 33305694 DOI: 10.1177/0748233720974128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monensin is a commonly used veterinary antibiotic with a narrow safety range. Overdose of monensin can cause animal poisoning or even death. Monensin poisoning is rare in humans, and there is no effective detoxification protocol in clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE We report here two cases of monensin-induced rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity by oral ingestion. The two patients were a couple and both were admitted to the hospital due to oral ingestion of monensin 5 days prior. Patient 1, with a past history of chronic bronchitis and hypertension, presented with severe rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity, and hypoxemia. After treatment with fluid replacement and alkalinization of urine, his condition deteriorated the next day and irreversible cardiopulmonary arrest occurred. Patient 2 was diabetic and using oral hypoglycemic drugs and had obvious rhabdomyolysis from the fifth day of admission. After treatment with fluid replacement, urine alkalization, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), the patient recovered and was discharged 1 month later. DISCUSSION The ingestion of monensin can lead to life-threatening toxicity, with rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity as the main manifestations. Comprehensive treatment including CRRT in the early stage of rhabdomyolysis may improve the condition and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency, 562131Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Shuqing Cui
- Standardized Residency Training Center, 562131Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, 562131Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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17
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Novel mitochondria-targeted viscosity probe based on a fluorescent rotatable xanthene-hemicyanine dyad. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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18
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Deng Y, Feng G. Visualization of ONOO - and Viscosity in Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity with Different Fluorescence Signals by a Sensitive Fluorescent Probe. Anal Chem 2020; 92:14667-14675. [PMID: 33090768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is considered gradually as a serious public health issue, and hepatotoxicity has been regarded as the main clinical problem caused by it. We suspected that both the intracellular viscosity and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) levels in drug-induced hepatotoxicity tissue are higher than those in a healthy liver. For this reason, we have presented a fluorescent probe VO for multichannel imaging viscosity and ONOO- simultaneously. Experimental results showed that VO has satisfactory detection performance for both viscosity and ONOO-, and based on the advantages of its lower cytotoxicity and pH-stabilities, VO was successfully employed to image viscosity and ONOO- in living cells and animals. More importantly, we use the probe to successfully showcase drug-induced hepatotoxicity by imaging viscosity and ONOO- induced by acetaminophen (APAP). All the results indicate that VO has great potential for the detection of viscosity and ONOO- and to assay drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Overall, this work offers a new detection tool/method for a deeper understanding of drug-induced organism injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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19
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Gu J, Huang L, Zhang Y. Monensin inhibits proliferation, migration, and promotes apoptosis of breast cancer cells via downregulating UBA2. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:745-753. [PMID: 32462716 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland, the morbidity, and mortality of which continue to increase. Therefore, it is crucial to find new drugs to treat breast cancer. Monensin is a carrier antibiotic that has been reported to inhibit the growth of cancer cells; however, its impacts on breast cancer cells have not been reported. In this article, the cell survival rate was measured by CCK-8. Colony formation assay was utilized to detect the level of cell proliferation. Transwell was used to measure the ability of cell invasion, and wound healing was used to measure the ability of cell migration. RT-qPCR and western blot were, respectively, used to detect the expression of related genes and proteins. The level of apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Cell transfection technique was used for overexpressing UBA2. We found that Monensin inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and inhibited the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition, Monensin promoted the apoptosis accompanied by the increase of Bax, caspase3, caspase7, and caspase9 and the decreased of bcl-2 of breast cancer cells. Monensin was also found to inhibit UBA2 expression in breast cancer cells. Subsequently, after overexpression of UBA2, the impacts of Monensin on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of breast cancer cells was inhibited. In conclusion, Monensin can inhibit the proliferation and migration and activate apoptosis of breast cancer cells via downregulating the expression of UBA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Gu
- Pharmaceutical Department, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Pharmaceutical Department, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Laboratory of Wuhan Ping'an Haoyi Clinical Lab Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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20
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Wang W, Liu Y, Niu J, Lin W. Discriminating normal and inflammatory models by viscosity changes with a mitochondria-targetable fluorescent probe. Analyst 2020; 144:6247-6253. [PMID: 31552926 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01573f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular viscosity abnormalities can lead to diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In this work, we developed a mitochondria-targetable fluorescent probe (EIMV) for discriminating normal and inflammatory models by viscosity changes. It was found that EIMV showed excellent properties, including high photostability, low cytotoxicity, red emission and favorable biocompatibility. In view of these unique features, this probe could successfully identify normal and cancer cells via viscosity changes. Furthermore, the EIMV probe successfully identified zebrafish with different viscosities by the same method. Moreover, EIMV exhibited different fluorescence signals in normal and inflammatory mice due to changes in viscosity. Therefore, the probe provides a new method to study the relationship between diseases and viscosity in the fields of biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishan Wang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China.
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21
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Zhu YX, Jia HR, Gao G, Pan GY, Jiang YW, Li P, Zhou N, Li C, She C, Ulrich NW, Chen Z, Wu FG. Mitochondria-acting nanomicelles for destruction of cancer cells via excessive mitophagy/autophagy-driven lethal energy depletion and phototherapy. Biomaterials 2020; 232:119668. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Fu M, Shen W, Chen Y, Yi W, Cai C, Zhu L, Zhu Q. A highly sensitive red-emitting probe for the detection of viscosity changes in living cells, zebrafish, and human blood samples. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1310-1315. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02023c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular viscosity can be measured to reflect the state of living cells. Fluorescent probes are powerful tools for viscosity detection in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of General Surgery
- Jinhua Central Hospital
- Jinhua
- China
| | - Yajun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Wenjun Yi
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Chunhui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Liquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
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23
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Pantcheva I, Dimitrova R, Ivanova V, Nedzhib A, Dorkov P, Dinev D, Spasov R, Alexandrova R. Spectral properties and biological activity of La(III) and Nd(III) Monensinates. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe present research is focused on evaluation of complexation ability of Monensic acid (MonH) towards La3+ and Nd3+ ions.Changes in the SRCD spectrum of Monensinate anion were monitored upon addition of lanthanide(III) ions. The antibiotic undergoes formation of one neutral ([Ln(Mon)3(H2O)3]) and two positively charged complex species of composition [Ln(Mon)2(H2O)2]+ and [Ln(Mon) (H2O)]2+, respectively (Ln = La3+, Nd3+). Neutral complexes were isolated as fine powders and were characterized by IR, FAB-MS and ESI-MS. It is assumed that Monensin acts in bidentate coordination mode via monodentate carboxylate moiety and hydroxyl group, both located at the opposite ends of antibiotic molecule.Activity of Monensic acid and [Ln(Mon)3(H2O)3] to decrease visible bacteria growth of B. subtilis, S. Lutea and B. mycoides was evaluated by agar hole diffusion method. Results showed that complexation of lanthanide(III) ions to Monensin enhances the activity of non-coordinated ligand.Antitumor efficacy of compounds was assayed on human triple negative breast cancer and transplantable sarcoma in rat. The cytotoxicity was accessed by MTT test, NR uptake, CV assay and double AO/PI staining. Experimental data revealed that Monensic acid and [Ln(Mon)3(H2O)3] possess concentration- and time-dependent activity, and express promising cytotoxic properties against human and rat permanent cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Pantcheva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridski”, 1, J. Bourchier blvd., 1164Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R. Dimitrova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridski”, 1, J. Bourchier blvd., 1164Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - V. Ivanova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridski”, 1, J. Bourchier blvd., 1164Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A. Nedzhib
- Laboratory of Military Toxicology, Department of Disaster Medicine, Military Medical Academy, 3, St. G. Sofiiski blvd., 1606Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - P. Dorkov
- “Biovet” Ltd., 39, P. Rakov str., 4550Peshtera, Bulgaria
| | - D. Dinev
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, build. 25, G. Bonchev str., 1113Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R. Spasov
- Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University “St. Kl. Ohridski”, 1, Koziak str., 1407Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - R. Alexandrova
- Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, build. 25, G. Bonchev str., 1113Sofia, Bulgaria
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24
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Guo R, Ma Y, Tang Y, Xie P, Wang Q, Lin W. A novel mitochondria-targeted near-infrared (NIR) probe for detection of viscosity changes in living cell, zebra fishes and living mice. Talanta 2019; 204:868-874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Yin J, Peng M, Lin W. Visualization of Mitochondrial Viscosity in Inflammation, Fatty Liver, and Cancer Living Mice by a Robust Fluorescent Probe. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8415-8421. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junling Yin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Peng
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Vanneste M, Huang Q, Li M, Moose D, Zhao L, Stamnes MA, Schultz M, Wu M, Henry MD. High content screening identifies monensin as an EMT-selective cytotoxic compound. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1200. [PMID: 30718715 PMCID: PMC6361972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38019-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is implicated in cancer metastasis and drug resistance. Specifically targeting cancer cells in an EMT-like state may have therapeutic value. In this study, we developed a cell imaging-based high-content screening protocol to identify EMT-selective cytotoxic compounds. Among the 2,640 compounds tested, salinomycin and monensin, both monovalent cation ionophores, displayed a potent and selective cytotoxic effect against EMT-like cells. The mechanism of action of monensin was further evaluated. Monensin (10 nM) induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in TEM 4-18 cells. In addition, monensin rapidly induced swelling of Golgi apparatus and perturbed mitochondrial function. These are previously known effects of monensin, albeit occurring at much higher concentrations in the micromolar range. The cytotoxic effect of monensin was not blocked by inhibitors of ferroptosis. To explore the generality of our findings, we evaluated the toxicity of monensin in 24 human cancer cell lines and classified them as resistant or sensitive based on IC50 cutoff of 100 nM. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis identified EMT as the top enriched gene set in the sensitive group. Importantly, increased monensin sensitivity in EMT-like cells is associated with elevated uptake of 3H-monensin compared to resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vanneste
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Mengshi Li
- Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Devon Moose
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Mark A Stamnes
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Michael Schultz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,University of Iowa High Throughput Screening Facility (UIHTS), University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Michael D Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Department of Urology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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27
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Verma SP, Das P. Monensin induces cell death by autophagy and inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7) in UOK146 renal cell carcinoma cell line. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:736-742. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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28
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Ren M, Zhou K, He L, Lin W. Mitochondria and lysosome-targetable fluorescent probes for HOCl: recent advances and perspectives. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1716-1733. [PMID: 32254244 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb03337k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), as one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an important role in the destruction of pathogens in the immune system. However, abnormal concentration of biogenic HOCl can also damage host tissues, and it has been shown to be associated with many diseases. Accordingly, detection of HOCl at the subcellular level is important for understanding inflammation and cellular apoptosis. Toward this end, in the past few years, a wide variety of fluorescent HOCl probes have been engineered and applied for imaging of HOCl in subcellular organelles. In this review, we highlight the representative cases of the fluorescent HOCl probes with mitochondria and lysosome-targetable ability. The discussion includes their design strategies, sensing mechanisms, and applications in bio-imaging of HOCl in mitochondria and lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Ren
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, P. R. China.
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29
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Guo R, Yin J, Ma Y, Wang Q, Lin W. A novel mitochondria-targeted rhodamine analogue for the detection of viscosity changes in living cells, zebra fish and living mice. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2894-2900. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We designed a novel mitochondria-targeted rhodamine analogue for the detection of viscosity changes in living cells, zebra fish, and living mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - Junling Yin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan
| | - Qiuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
| | - Weiying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha
- P. R. China
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30
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Raja SO, Sivaraman G, Mukherjee A, Duraisamy C, Gulyani A. Facile Synthesis of Highly Sensitive, Red-Emitting, Fluorogenic Dye for Microviscosity and Mitochondrial Imaging in Embryonic Stem Cells. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sufi O. Raja
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
| | - Gandhi Sivaraman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
| | - Ananya Mukherjee
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
- SASTRA University; Thanjavur- 613401 India
| | | | - Akash Gulyani
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine; Bengaluru 560065 India
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31
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Hou S, Madoux F, Scampavia L, Janovick JA, Conn PM, Spicer TP. Drug Library Screening for the Identification of Ionophores That Correct the Mistrafficking Disorder Associated with Oxalosis Kidney Disease. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 22:887-896. [PMID: 28346094 DOI: 10.1177/2472555217689992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary hyperoxaluria is the underlying cause of oxalosis and is a life-threatening autosomal recessive disease, for which treatment may require dialysis or dual liver-kidney transplantation. The most common primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is caused by genetic mutations of a liver-specific enzyme alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), which results in the misrouting of AGT from the peroxisomes to the mitochondria. Pharmacoperones are small molecules with the ability to modify misfolded proteins and route them correctly within the cells, which may present an effective strategy to treat AGT misrouting in PH1 disorders. We miniaturized a cell-based high-content assay into 1536-well plate format and screened ~4200 pharmacologically relevant compounds including Food and Drug Administration, European Union, and Japanese-approved drugs. This assay employs CHO cells stably expressing AGT-170, a mutant that predominantly resides in the mitochondria, where we monitor for its relocation to the peroxisomes through automated image acquisition and analysis. The miniaturized 1536-well assay yielded a Z' averaging 0.70 ± 0.07. Three drugs were identified as potential pharmacoperones from this pilot screen, demonstrating the applicability of this assay for large-scale high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Hou
- 1 Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Research Institute Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Franck Madoux
- 1 Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Research Institute Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA.,3 Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Louis Scampavia
- 1 Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Research Institute Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Jo Ann Janovick
- 2 Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology/Biochemistry, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Michael Conn
- 2 Departments of Internal Medicine and Cell Biology/Biochemistry, Center for Membrane Protein Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Timothy P Spicer
- 1 Department of Molecular Therapeutics, Scripps Research Institute Molecular Screening Center, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
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Charvat RA, Arrizabalaga G. Oxidative stress generated during monensin treatment contributes to altered Toxoplasma gondii mitochondrial function. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22997. [PMID: 26976749 PMCID: PMC4792157 DOI: 10.1038/srep22997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ionophore monensin displays potent activities against several coccidian parasites of veterinary and medical importance including the opportunistic pathogen of humans, Toxoplasma gondii. While monensin is used widely in animals, toxicity impedes its use in humans. Nonetheless, given its potency, understanding its mode of action would reveal vulnerable aspects of the parasite that can be exploited for drug development. We previously established that monensin induces Toxoplasma to undergo cell cycle arrest and an autophagy-like cell death. Interestingly, these effects are dependent on the mitochondrion-localized TgMSH-1 protein, suggesting that monensin disrupts mitochondrial function. We demonstrate that monensin treatment results in decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and altered morphology. These effects are mitigated by the antioxidant compound N-acetyl-cysteine suggesting that monensin causes an oxidative stress, which was indeed the case based on direct detection of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, over-expression of the antioxidant proteins glutaredoxin and peroxiredoxin 2 protect Toxoplasma from the deleterious effects of monensin. Thus, our studies show that the effects of monensin on Toxoplasma are due to a disruption of mitochondrial function caused by the induction of an oxidative stress and implicate parasite redox biology as a viable target for the development of drugs against Toxoplasma and related pathogenic parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Charvat
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, US
| | - Gustavo Arrizabalaga
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, US.,Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, US
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Zhao M, Zhu Y, Su J, Geng Q, Tian X, Zhang J, Zhou H, Zhang S, Wu J, Tian Y. A water-soluble two-photon fluorescence chemosensor for ratiometric imaging of mitochondrial viscosity in living cells. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:5907-5912. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01240j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel water-soluble ratiometric TPEF chemosensor EIN that is specifically responsive and singularly sensitive to mitochondria viscosity in living cells.
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Antibiotic monensin synergizes with EGFR inhibitors and oxaliplatin to suppress the proliferation of human ovarian cancer cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17523. [PMID: 26639992 PMCID: PMC4671000 DOI: 10.1038/srep17523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy with an overall cure rate of merely 30%. Most patients experience recurrence within 12–24 months of cure and die of progressively chemotherapy-resistant disease. Thus, more effective anti-ovarian cancer therapies are needed. Here, we investigate the possibility of repurposing antibiotic monensin as an anti-ovarian cancer agent. We demonstrate that monensin effectively inhibits cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle progression, and induces apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells. Monensin suppresses multiple cancer-related pathways including Elk1/SRF, AP1, NFκB and STAT, and reduces EGFR expression in ovarian cancer cells. Monensin acts synergistically with EGFR inhibitors and oxaliplatin to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Xenograft studies confirm that monensin effectively inhibits tumor growth by suppressing cell proliferation through targeting EGFR signaling. Our results suggest monensin may be repurposed as an anti-ovarian cancer agent although further preclinical and clinical studies are needed.
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Jacobsen catalyst as a cytochrome P450 biomimetic model for the metabolism of monensin A. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:152102. [PMID: 24987668 PMCID: PMC4058456 DOI: 10.1155/2014/152102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monensin A is a commercially important natural product isolated from Streptomyces cinnamonensins that is primarily employed to treat coccidiosis. Monensin A selectively complexes and transports sodium cations across lipid membranes and displays a variety of biological properties. In this study, we evaluated the Jacobsen catalyst as a cytochrome P450 biomimetic model to investigate the oxidation of monensin A. Mass spectrometry analysis of the products from these model systems revealed the formation of two products: 3-O-demethyl monensin A and 12-hydroxy monensin A, which are the same ones found in in vivo models. Monensin A and products obtained in biomimetic model were tested in a mitochondrial toxicity model assessment and an antimicrobial bioassay against Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus methicillin-resistant, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Our results demonstrated the toxicological effects of monensin A in isolated rat liver mitochondria but not its products, showing that the metabolism of monensin A is a detoxification metabolism. In addition, the antimicrobial bioassay showed that monensin A and its products possessed activity against Gram-positive microorganisms but not for Gram-negative microorganisms. The results revealed the potential of application of this biomimetic chemical model in the synthesis of drug metabolites, providing metabolites for biological tests and other purposes.
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Vinod V, Padmakrishnan CJ, Vijayan B, Gopala S. 'How can I halt thee?' The puzzles involved in autophagic inhibition. Pharmacol Res 2014; 82:1-8. [PMID: 24657238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The strategy for interpreting the role of autophagy on the basis of evidence obtained through autophagic inhibition sounds logical, but is beset with practical constraints. The knock down of autophagy-related (ATG) gene(s) or blockage of class III PI3-Kinase are the most common approaches for inhibiting autophagy. However, during stressful conditions, autophagy may operate in synchrony with other processes such as apoptosis; autophagy-related genes, unlike what their name implies, exert their regulation on apoptosis as well. Knocking down such genes not only blocks autophagy but also renders apoptosis defective, making the interpretation of autophagic roles unreliable. Similarly, class III PI3-Kinase aids in initiating autophagy but it is not a quintessential autophagic regulator. Class III PI3-Kinase also has a role in regulating almost all membrane transport in cells. Blocking it not only inhibits autophagy, but also hampers all the membrane trades, including endosomal transport. The pharmacological inhibitors used to block autophagy by blocking class III PI3-Kinase further compound these limitations with their off-target effects. Knowing the limitations involved in blocking a target or using an autophagy-blocking tool is a prerequisite for designing the experiments meant for analyzing autophagic functions. This review attempts to provide a detailed overview about the practical constraints involved in using autophagic inhibition as a strategy to understand autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vinod
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - C J Padmakrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Bejoy Vijayan
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India.
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Yang Z, He Y, Lee JH, Park N, Suh M, Chae WS, Cao J, Peng X, Jung H, Kang C, Kim JS. A Self-Calibrating Bipartite Viscosity Sensor for Mitochondria. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9181-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja403851p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Yanxia He
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Nayoung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Myungkoo Suh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Weon-Sik Chae
- Gangneung Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gangneung 210-702, Korea
| | - Jianfang Cao
- State Key Laboratory
of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory
of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Hyosung Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Chulhun Kang
- The School of East-West Medical
Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701,
Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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Cytostatic and cytotoxic properties of monensic acid and its biometal(II) complexes against human tumor / non-tumor cell lines. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0071-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe anticancer activity of monensic acid (MonH) and its biometal(II) complexes [M(Mon)2(H2O)2](M = Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) was evaluated against cultured human permanent cell lines established from glioblastoma multiforme (8MGBA) and cancers of the lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), uterine cervix (HeLa) and liver (HepG2). The viability and proliferation of the non-tumor human embryonic cell line Lep3 was also tested. The investigations were carried out using a thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide test, neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay, crystal violet staining, colony forming method and double staining with acridin orange and propidium iodide. The results obtained reveal that the compounds applied at concentrations of 0.5–25 µg mL−1 for 24–72 h decrease the viability and proliferation of the treated cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The metal(II) complexes studied (especially those of Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II)) have been found to express stronger cytotoxic and cytostatic activities than the non-coordinated monensic acid. The non-tumor human cell line showed strong chemosensitivity towards compounds tested comparable to that of cultured human tumor cell lines.
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Lavine MD, Arrizabalaga G. Analysis of monensin sensitivity in Toxoplasma gondii reveals autophagy as a mechanism for drug induced death. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42107. [PMID: 22848721 PMCID: PMC3405052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms by which anti-parasitic drugs alter the physiology and ultimately kill is an important area of investigation. Development of novel parasitic drugs, as well as the continued utilization of existing drugs in the face of resistant parasite populations, requires such knowledge. Here we show that the anti-coccidial drug monensin kills Toxoplasma gondii by inducing autophagy in the parasites, a novel mechanism of cell death in response to an antimicrobial drug. Monensin treatment results autophagy, as shown by translocation of ATG8 to autophagosomes, as well as causing marked morphological changes in the parasites' mitochondria. Use of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine blocks autophagy and mitochondrial alterations, and enhances parasite survival, in monensin-exposed parasites, although it does not block other monensin-induced effects on the parasites, such as late S-phase cell cycle arrest. Monensin does not induce autophagy in a parasite strain deficient in the mitochondrial DNA repair enzyme TgMSH-1 an enzyme that mediates monensin-induced late S-phase arrest. TgMSH-1 therefore either mediates cell cycle arrest and autophagy independently, or autophagy occurs downstream of cell cycle arrest in a manner analogous to apoptosis of cells arrested in G2 of the cell cycle. Overall, our results point to autophagy as a potentially important mode of cell death of protozoan parasites in response to antimicrobial drugs and indicate that disruption of the autophagy pathway could result in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Lavine
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Arrizabalaga
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Muris AH, Damoiseaux J, Smolders J, Cohen Tervaert JW, Hupperts R, Thewissen M. Intracellular IL-10 detection in T cells by flowcytometry: The use of protein transport inhibitors revisited. J Immunol Methods 2012; 381:59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Novel Insights into the Interplay between Apoptosis and Autophagy. Int J Cell Biol 2012; 2012:317645. [PMID: 22496691 PMCID: PMC3312193 DOI: 10.1155/2012/317645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For several decades, apoptosis has taken center stage as the principal mechanism of programmed cell death (type I cell death) in mammalian tissues. Autophagic cell death (type II) is characterized by the massive accumulation of autophagic vacuoles in the cytoplasm of cells. The autophagic process is activated as an adaptive response to a variety of extracellular and intracellular stresses, including nutrient deprivation, hormonal or therapeutic treatment, pathogenic infection, aggregated and misfolded proteins, and damaged organelles. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy is associated with a number of pathological processes, including cancer. The regulation of autophagy in cancer cells is complex since it can enhance cancer cell survival in response to certain stresses, while it can also act to suppress the initiation of cancer growth. This paper focused on recent advances regarding autophagy in cancer and the techniques currently available to manipulate autophagy.
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42
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Zavala G, Anderson DA, Davis JF, Dufour-Zavala L. Acute monensin toxicosis in broiler breeder chickens. Avian Dis 2011; 55:516-21. [PMID: 22017059 DOI: 10.1637/9708-030911-case.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Peracute onset of disease was reported in a 42-wk-old broiler breeder flock that was presented by error with feed containing monensin at approximately seven times the approved level for broiler chickens. Morbidity and mortality were extremely high, and the affected chickens displayed feed refusal, decreased water consumption, and severe paralysis that ranged from abnormal gait to a complete inability to move. During the first 10 days postingestion of the suspect feed, mortality in hens reached 13.7% and 70.9% in the roosters. Hen day production decreased from 67% to 3% in the same period of time. A total of 638 g/ton of monensin was detected in suspect feed samples by one laboratory and 740 g/ton in a second laboratory. Twenty-one days after removal of the suspect feed, the mortality rate returned to normal levels in both hens and roosters, albeit feed consumption and egg production remained extremely low, which prompted the company involved to eliminate the flock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Zavala
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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He Z, Zhang Y, Mehta SK, Pierson DL, Wu H, Rohde LH. Expression profile of apoptosis related genes and radio-sensitivity of prostate cancer cells. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2011; 52:743-751. [PMID: 22020081 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.10190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Radio-resistant or recurrent prostate cancer represents a serious health risk for approximately 20%-30% of patients treated with primary radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. In the present study, we investigated the expression profiles of 84 genes involved in various apoptosis pathways in two prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP (P53+ and AR+) and PC3 (P53- and AR-). We also studied the effect of monensin, an apoptosis inducing reagent, in X-ray-induced cell killing. Comparison of gene expressions between unirradiated LNCaP and PC3 cells revealed distinguished gene expression patterns. The data showed a significantly higher expression level of genes involved in the caspase/card family and the TNF ligand/receptor family in PC3 cells, whereas, LNCaP cells exhibited higher expressions in the p53 related genes. At 2 and 4 hrs post a 10 Gy X-ray exposure, changes of gene expressions were detected in a significant fraction of the genes in LNCaP cells, but no significant changes were found in PC3 cells. There was no significant apoptosis-inducing effect of X-rays (up to 10 Gy) in both cell lines; however, monensin was shown to be effective in inducing apoptosis in LNCaP, but not in PC3 cells. In addition, the effect of combined treatment of monensin and X-rays in LNCaP cells appeared to be synergistic. Our results suggest that monensin may be effective for both cancer cell killing and radiosensitizing, and the different expression profiles in apoptosis related genes in cancer cells may be correlated with their sensitivity to apoptosis inducing reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua He
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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Garrison EM, Arrizabalaga G. Disruption of a mitochondrial MutS DNA repair enzyme homologue confers drug resistance in the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Mol Microbiol 2009; 72:425-41. [PMID: 19291232 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06655.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
MutS homologues (MSHs) are critical components of the eukaryotic mismatch repair machinery. In addition to repairing mismatched DNA, mismatch repair enzymes are known in higher eukaryotes to directly signal cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA-damaging agents. Accordingly, mammalian cells lacking certain MSHs are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs. Interestingly, we have discovered that the disruption of TgMSH-1, an MSH in the pathogenic parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, confers drug resistance. Through a genetic selection for T. gondii mutants resistant to the antiparasitic drug monensin, we have isolated a strain that is resistant not only to monensin but also to salinomycin and the alkylating agent, methylnitrosourea. We have shown that this phenotype is due to the disruption of TgMSH-1 as the multidrug-resistance phenotype is complemented by a wild-type copy of TgMSH-1 and is recapitulated by a directed disruption of this gene in a wild-type strain. We have also shown that, unlike previously described MSHs involved in signalling, TgMSH-1 localizes to the parasite mitochondrion. These results provide the first example of a mitochondrial MSH that is involved in drug sensitivity and implicate the induction of mitochondrial stress as a mode of action of the widely used drug, monensin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Garrison
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
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45
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Chlorhexidine-induced apoptosis or necrosis in L929 fibroblasts: A role for endoplasmic reticulum stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 234:256-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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