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Lukaszewicz K, Falck JR, Lombard J. Effect of Chronically Suppressed Plasma Angiotensin II on Regulation of the CYP4A/20-HETE Pathway in the Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040783. [PMID: 37107157 PMCID: PMC10135295 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats, impaired vascular relaxation can be restored by: (1) minipump infusion of a low (sub-pressor) dose of angiotensin II (ANG II) to restore physiological levels of plasma ANG II, (2) inhibition of 20-HETE production, and (3) introgression of a normally functioning renin allele from the Brown Norway rat (SS-13BN consomic rat). Unlike SS rats, SS-13BN rats have normal levels of ANG II on a normal-salt diet and suppressed ANG II on a high-salt (HS) diet. This study tested whether chronically low ANG II levels in SS rats upregulate cytochrome P450-4A (CYP4A) increasing the production of the vasoconstrictor 20-HETE. Although salt-induced suppression of ANG II levels increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in basilar arteries from SS-13BN rats in previous studies, this study showed no change in vascular 20-HETE levels in response to ANGII suppression. CYP4A inhibition significantly reduced vascular ROS levels and restored endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of SS rats and HS-fed SS-13BN rats. These data demonstrate that both the renin-angiotensin system and the CYP4A/20-HETE pathway play a direct role in the vascular dysfunction of the Dahl SS rat but are independent of each other, even though they may both contribute to vascular dysfunction through ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Julian Lombard
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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Zaabalawi A, Renshall L, Beards F, Lightfoot AP, Degens H, Alexander Y, Hasan R, Bilal H, Graf BA, Harris LK, Azzawi M. Internal Mammary Arteries as a Model to Demonstrate Restoration of the Impaired Vasodilation in Hypertension, Using Liposomal Delivery of the CYP1B1 Inhibitor, 2,3',4,5'-Tetramethoxystilbene. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2046. [PMID: 36297480 PMCID: PMC9611804 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant number of patients with severe cardiovascular disease, undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), present with hypertension. While internal mammary arteries (IMAs) may be a better alternative to vein grafts, their impaired vasodilator function affects their patency. Our objectives were to (1) determine if inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP1B1, using liposome-encapsulated 2,3′,4,5′-tetramethoxystilbene (TMS), can potentiate vasodilation of IMAs from CABG patients, and (2) assess mechanisms involved using coronary arteries from normal rats, in an ex vivo model of hypertension. PEGylated liposomes were synthesized and loaded with TMS (mean diameter 141 ± 0.9 nm). Liposomal delivery of TMS improved its bioavailability Compared to TMS solution (0.129 ± 0.02 ng/mL vs. 0.086 ± 0.01 ng/mL at 4 h; p < 0.05). TMS-loaded liposomes alleviated attenuated endothelial-dependent acetylcholine (ACh)-induced dilation in diseased IMAs (@ACh 10−4 M: 56.9 ± 5.1%; n = 8 vs. 12.7 ± 7.8%; n = 6; p < 0.01) for TMS-loaded liposomes vs. blank liposomes, respectively. The alleviation in dilation may be due to the potent inhibition of CYP1B1 by TMS, and subsequent reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) moieties and stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis. In isolated rat coronary arteries exposed to a hypertensive environment, TMS-loaded liposomes potentiated nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization pathways via AMPK. Our findings are promising for the future development of TMS-loaded liposomes as a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance TMS bioavailability and potentiate vasodilator function in hypertension, with relevance for early and long-term treatment of CABG patients, via the sustained and localized TMS release within IMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azziza Zaabalawi
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lewis Renshall
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Frances Beards
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Adam P. Lightfoot
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AP, UK
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Yvonne Alexander
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Ragheb Hasan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Haris Bilal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Brigitte A. Graf
- Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BG, UK
| | - Lynda K. Harris
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - May Azzawi
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
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Haddad M, Eid S, Harb F, Massry MEL, Azar S, Sauleau EA, Eid AA. Activation of 20-HETE Synthase Triggers Oxidative Injury and Peripheral Nerve Damage in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2022; 23:1371-1388. [PMID: 35339661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN), highly prevalent among patients with diabetes, is characterized by peripheral nerve dysfunction. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) overproduction has been suggested to orchestrate diabetic complications including DPN. Untargeted antioxidant therapy has exhibited limited efficacy, highlighting a critical need to explore ROS sources altered in a cell-specific manner in DPN. Cytochromes P450 (CYP) enzymes are prominent sources of ROS. Particularly, the 20-HETE synthase, CYP4A, is reported to mediate diabetes-induced renal, retinal, and cardiovascular injuries. This work investigates the role of CYP4A/20-HETE in DPN and their mechanisms of action. Non-obese type 2 Diabetic mice (MKR) were used and treated with a CYP4A-inhibitor (HET0016) or AMPK-activator (Metformin). Peripheral nerves of MKR mice reflect increased CYP4A and 20-HETE levels, concurrent with altered myelin proteins and sensorimotor deficits. This was associated with increased ROS production and altered Beclin-1 and LC3 protein levels, indicative of disrupted autophagic responses in tandem with AMPK inactivation. AMPK activation via Metformin restored nerve integrity, reduced ROS production, and regulated autophagy. Interestingly, similar outcomes were revealed upon HET0016 treatment whereby ROS production, autophagic responses, and AMPK signaling were normalized in diabetic mice. Altogether, the results highlight hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative injury in DPN through a novel CYP4A/20-HETE/AMPK pathological axis. PERSPECTIVE: To our knowledge, this is the first study to highlight the role of CYPs/20-HETE-induced oxidative injury in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Targeting the identified pathological axis CYP4A/20-HETE/AMPK may be of clinical potential in predicting and alleviating peripheral nerve injury in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Haddad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Biostatistics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7357 ICube, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphanie Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Frederic Harb
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed E L Massry
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Azar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Erik-Andre Sauleau
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7357 ICube, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Assaad A Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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4
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Agostinucci K, Hutcheson R, Hossain S, Pascale JV, Villegas E, Zhang F, Adebesin AM, Falck JR, Gupte S, Garcia V, Schwartzman ML. Blockade of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid receptor lowers blood pressure and alters vascular function in mice with smooth muscle-specific overexpression of CYP4A12-20-HETE synthase. J Hypertens 2022; 40:498-511. [PMID: 35081581 PMCID: PMC8820380 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a vasoactive eicosanoid exhibiting effects on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) via G-protein coupled receptor 75 (GPR75) and include stimulation of contractility, migration, and growth. We examined whether VSMC-targeted overexpression of CYP4A12, the primary 20-HETE-producing enzyme in mice, is sufficient to promote hypertension. METHODS Mice with VSM-specific Cyp4a12 overexpression (Myh11-4a12) and their littermate controls (WT) were generated by crossbreeding Cyp4a12-floxed with Myh11-Cre mice. The 20-HETE receptor blocker, N-disodium succinate-20-hydroxyeicosa-6(Z),15(Z)-diencarboxamide (AAA), was administered in the drinking water. Experiments were carried out for 12 days. SBP was measured by tail cuff. Renal interlobar and mesenteric arteries were harvested for assessment of gene expression, 20-HETE levels, vascular contractility, vasodilation, and remodeling. RESULTS Vascular and circulatory levels of 20-HETE were several folds higher in Myh11-4a12 mice compared with WT. The Myh11-4a12 mice compared with WT were hypertensive (145 ± 2 vs. 127 ± 2 mmHg; P < 0.05) and their vasculature displayed a contractile phenotype exemplified by increased contractility, reduced vasodilatory capacity, and increased media to lumen ratio. All these features were reversed by the administration of AAA. The mechanism of increased contractility includes, at least in part, Rho-kinase activation followed by increased myosin light chain phosphorylation and activation of the contractile apparatus. CONCLUSION VSM-specific Cyp4a12 overexpression is sufficient to alter VSM cell phenotype through changes in contractile markers and enhancement in contractility that promote hypertension and vascular dysfunction in a 20-HETE-dependent manner. The 20-HETE receptor GPR75 may represent a novel target for the treatment of hypertension and associated vascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Agostinucci
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Sakib Hossain
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Jonathan V. Pascale
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Elizabeth Villegas
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Frank Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | | | - John R. Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Sachin Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY 10595
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Du Y, Taylor CG, Aukema HM, Zahradka P. Role of oxylipins generated from dietary PUFAs in the modulation of endothelial cell function. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 160:102160. [PMID: 32717531 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxylipins, which are circulating bioactive lipids generated from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by cyclooxygenase, lipooxygenase and cytochrome P450 enzymes, have diverse effects on endothelial cells. Although studies of the effects of oxylipins on endothelial cell function are accumulating, a review that provides a comprehensive compilation of current knowledge and recent advances in the context of vascular homeostasis is lacking. This is the first compilation of the various in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo reports to examine the effects and potential mechanisms of action of oxylipins on endothelial cells. The aggregate data indicate docosahexaenoic acid-derived oxylipins consistently show beneficial effects related to key endothelial cell functions, whereas oxylipins derived from other PUFAs exhibit both positive and negative effects. Furthermore, information is lacking for certain oxylipin classes, such as those derived from α-linolenic acid, which suggests additional studies are required to achieve a full understanding of how oxylipins affect endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Du
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Carla G Taylor
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Harold M Aukema
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Oduro PK, Fang J, Niu L, Li Y, Li L, Zhao X, Wang Q. Pharmacological management of vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes: TCM and western medicine compared based on biomarkers and biochemical parameters. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104893. [PMID: 32434053 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes, a worldwide health concern while burdening significant populace of countries with time due to a hefty increase in both incidence and prevalence rates. Hyperglycemia has been buttressed both in clinical and experimental studies to modulate widespread molecular actions that effect macro and microvascular dysfunctions. Endothelial dysfunction, activation, inflammation, and endothelial barrier leakage are key factors contributing to vascular complications in diabetes, plus the development of diabetes-induced cardiovascular diseases. The recent increase in molecular, transcriptional, and clinical studies has brought a new scope to the understanding of molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic targets for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. In this review, an attempt made to discuss up to date critical and emerging molecular signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction and viable pharmacological management targets. Importantly, we exploit some Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM)/TCM isolated bioactive compounds modulating effects on endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Finally, clinical studies data on biomarkers and biochemical parameters involved in the assessment of the efficacy of treatment in vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetes was compared between clinically used western hypoglycemic drugs and TCM formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Kwabena Oduro
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Jingmei Fang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Lu Niu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine Pharmacology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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7
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Abstract
20-HETE, the ω-hydroxylation product of arachidonic acid catalyzed by enzymes of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A and 4F gene families, is a bioactive lipid mediator with potent effects on the vasculature including stimulation of smooth muscle cell contractility, migration and proliferation as well as activation of endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation. Clinical studies have shown elevated levels of plasma and urinary 20-HETE in human diseases and conditions such as hypertension, obesity and metabolic syndrome, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney diseases. Studies of polymorphic associations also suggest an important role for 20-HETE in hypertension, stroke and myocardial infarction. Animal models of increased 20-HETE production are hypertensive and are more susceptible to cardiovascular injury. The current review summarizes recent findings that focus on the role of 20-HETE in the regulation of vascular and cardiac function and its contribution to the pathology of vascular and cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States
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8
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Lukaszewicz KM, Paudyal MP, Falck JR, Lombard JH. Role of vascular reactive oxygen species in regulating cytochrome P450-4A enzyme expression in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Microcirculation 2018; 23:540-548. [PMID: 27537772 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The potential contribution of CYP4A enzymes to endothelial dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rats was determined by comparison to SS-5BN consomic rats having chromosome 5 carrying CYP4A alleles from the BN rat introgressed into the SS genetic background. METHODS The following experiments were performed in cerebral arteries from HS-fed SS and SS-5BN rats ± the SOD inhibitor DETC and/or the superoxide scavenger Tempol: (i) endothelial function was determined via video microscopy ± acute addition of the CYP4A inhibitor DDMS or Tempol; (ii) vascular oxidative stress was assessed with DHE fluorescence ± acute addition of DDMS, l-NAME, or PEG-SOD; and (iii) CYP4A protein levels were compared by western blotting. RESULTS In DETC-treated SS-5BN and HS-fed SS rats, (i) DDMS or Tempol ameliorated vascular dysfunction, (ii) DDMS reduced vascular oxidative stress to control levels, (iii) chronic Tempol treatment reduced vascular CYP4A protein expression, and (iv) combined treatment with Tempol and l-NAME prevented the reduction in CYP4A protein expression in MCA of HS-fed SS rats. CONCLUSION The CYP4A pathway plays a role in vascular dysfunction in SS rats and there appears to be a direct role of reduced NO availability due to salt-induced oxidant stress in upregulating CYP4A enzyme expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahesh P Paudyal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Julian H Lombard
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Zhao J, Zhang B, Lai G, Xu R, Chu G, Zhao Y. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid regulates the expression of Nedd4-2 in kidney and liver through a neddylation modification pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9671-9677. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Zhang B, Lai G, Wu J, Sun R, Xu R, Yang X, Qi Y, Zhao Y. 20-HETE attenuates the response of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through the AKT/GSK-3β/Glut2 pathway. Endocrine 2016; 54:371-382. [PMID: 27568038 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-1031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We previously generated cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) transgenic mice that have high levels of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) production; these mice exhibit both hypertension and hyperglycemia without insulin resistance. Currently, it is unclear whether and how 20-HETE affects insulin secretion, thus resulting in hyperglycemia. In this study, we found that 20-HETE attenuated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in CYP4F2 transgenic mice as well as in rat insulinoma INS-1E cells treated with 0.5 μM 20-HETE. HET0016, a selective inhibitor of 20-HETE synthesis, reversed the reduction in GSIS leading to a decrease in blood glucose in the transgenic mice. Furthermore, the expression of glucose transporter 2 (Glut2), Ser473 phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), and Ser9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) were decreased in CYP4F2 transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice. In vitro experiments in INS-1E cells revealed that 20-HETE activated the AKT/GSK-3β pathway and thereby decreased Glut2 expression by inhibiting activator protein 1 (AP-1). TWS119, a GSK-3β selective inhibitor, blocked the 20-HETE-mediated reduction in Glut2 expression. Therefore, we concluded that 20-HETE inhibition of Glut2 contributes to the reduction in GSIS, at least in part, through the AKT/GSK-3β/AP-1/Glut2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangrui Lai
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ru Sun
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Runhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianghong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yafei Qi
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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11
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The role of 20-HETE in cardiovascular diseases and its risk factors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2016; 125:108-17. [PMID: 27287720 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized in mammals by enzymes of the CYP4A and 4F families to 20-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE) which plays an important role in the regulation of renal function, vascular tone and arterial pressure. In the vasculature, 20-HETE is a potent vasoconstrictor, the up-regulation of which contributes to inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and an increase in peripheral vascular resistance in models of obesity, diabetes, ischemia/reperfusion, and vascular oxidative stress. Recent studies have established a role for 20-HETE in normal and pathological angiogenic conditions. We discuss in this review the synthesis of 20-HETE and how it and various autacoids, especially the renin-angiotensin system, interact to promote hypertension, vasoconstriction, and vascular dysfunction. In addition, we examine the molecular mechanisms through which 20-HETE induces these actions and the clinical implication of inhibiting 20-HETE production and activity.
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12
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Li C, Reif MM, Craige SM, Kant S, Keaney JF. Endothelial AMPK activation induces mitochondrial biogenesis and stress adaptation via eNOS-dependent mTORC1 signaling. Nitric Oxide 2016; 55-56:45-53. [PMID: 26989010 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic stress sensors like AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are known to confer stress adaptation and promote longevity in lower organisms. This study demonstrates that activating the metabolic stress sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in endothelial cells helps maintain normal cellular function by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and stress adaptation. To better define the mechanisms whereby AMPK promotes endothelial stress resistance, we used 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) to chronically activate AMPK and observed stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in wild type mouse endothelium, but not in endothelium from endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout (eNOS-null) mice. Interestingly, AICAR-enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis was blocked by pretreatment with the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor, rapamycin. Further, AICAR stimulated mTORC1 as determined by phosphorylation of its known downstream effectors in wild type, but not eNOS-null, endothelial cells. Together these data indicate that eNOS is needed to couple AMPK activation to mTORC1 and thus promote mitochondrial biogenesis and stress adaptation in the endothelium. These data suggest a novel mechanism for mTORC1 activation that is significant for investigations in vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Michaella M Reif
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Siobhan M Craige
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Shashi Kant
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
| | - John F Keaney
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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Greig FH, Ewart MA, McNaughton E, Cooney J, Spickett CM, Kennedy S. The hypotensive effect of acute and chronic AMP-activated protein kinase activation in normal and hyperlipidemic mice. Vascul Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26196300 PMCID: PMC4673085 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is present in the arterial wall and is activated in response to cellular stressors that raise AMP relative to ADP/ATP. Activation of AMPK in vivo lowers blood pressure but the influence of hyperlipidemia on this response has not been studied. ApoE−/− mice on high fat diet for 6 weeks and age-matched controls were treated with the AMPK activator, AICAR daily for two weeks. Under anesthesia, the carotid artery was cannulated for blood pressure measurements. Aortic tissue was removed for in vitro functional experiments and AMPK activity was measured in artery homogenates by Western blotting. ApoE−/− mice had significantly raised mean arterial pressure; chronic AICAR treatment normalized this but had no effect in normolipidemic mice, whereas acute administration of AICAR lowered mean arterial pressure in both groups. Chronic AICAR treatment increased phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target acetyl-CoA carboxylase in normolipidemic but not ApoE−/− mice. In aortic rings, AMPK activation induced vasodilation and an anticontractile effect, which was attenuated in ApoE−/− mice. This study demonstrates that hyperlipidemia dysregulates the AMPK pathway in the arterial wall but this effect can be reversed by AMPK activation, possibly through improving vessel compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H Greig
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marie-Ann Ewart
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Eilidh McNaughton
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Josephine Cooney
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Corinne M Spickett
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Simon Kennedy
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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Abstract
20-Hydroxy-5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived omega-hydroxylation metabolite of arachidonic acid. 20-HETE has been shown to play a complex role in blood pressure regulation. In the kidney tubules, 20-HETE inhibits sodium reabsorption and promotes natriuresis, thus, contributing to antihypertensive mechanisms. In contrast, in the microvasculature, 20-HETE has been shown to play a pressor role by sensitizing smooth muscle cells to constrictor stimuli and increasing myogenic tone, and by acting on the endothelium to further promote endothelial dysfunction and endothelial activation. In addition, 20-HETE induces endothelial angiotensin-converting enzyme, thus, setting forth a potential feed forward prohypertensive mechanism by stimulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. With the advancement of gene sequencing technology, numerous polymorphisms in the regulatory coding and noncoding regions of 20-HETE-producing enzymes, CYP4A11 and CYP4F2, have been associated with hypertension. This in-depth review article discusses the biosynthesis and function of 20-HETE in the cardiovascular system, the pharmacological agents that affect 20-HETE action, and polymorphisms of CYP enzymes that produce 20-HETE and are associated with systemic hypertension in humans.
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15
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Role of the CYP4A/20-HETE pathway in vascular dysfunction of the Dahl salt-sensitive rat. Clin Sci (Lond) 2013; 124:695-700. [PMID: 23438293 DOI: 10.1042/cs20120483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
20-HETE (20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid), a vasoconstrictor metabolite of arachidonic acid formed through the action of CYP4A (cytochrome P450-4A) in vascular smooth muscle cells, has been implicated in the development of hypertension and vascular dysfunction. There have been a number of reports in human subjects demonstrating an association between elevated urinary excretion of 20-HETE and hypertension, as well as increased 20-HETE production and vascular dysfunction. The Dahl SS (salt-sensitive) rat is a genetic model of salt-sensitive hypertension that exhibits vascular dysfunction, even when maintained on a normal-salt diet and before the development of hypertension. This mini-review highlights our current research on the role of CYP4A and 20-HETE in the vascular dysfunction of the Dahl SS rat. In our studies, the SS rat is compared with the consomic SS-5BN rat, having chromosome 5 from the salt-resistant Brown Norway rat (carrying all CYP4A genes) introgressed on to the SS genetic background. Our laboratory has demonstrated restoration of normal vascular function in the SS rat with inhibition of the CYP4A/20-HETE pathway, suggesting a direct role for this pathway in the vascular dysfunction in this animal model. Our studies have also shown that the SS rat has an up-regulated CYP4A/20-HETE pathway within their cerebral vasculature compared with the SS-5BN consomic rat, which causes endothelial dysfunction through the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species). Our data shows that ROS influences the expression of the CYP4A/20-HETE pathway in the SS rat in a feed-forward mechanism whereby elevated ROS stimulates production of 20-HETE. The presence of this vicious cycle offers a possible explanation for the spiralling effects of elevated 20-HETE on the development of vascular dysfunction in this animal model.
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16
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2012; 21:106-18. [DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0b013e32834ee42b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Wu CC, Schwartzman ML. The role of 20-HETE in androgen-mediated hypertension. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2011; 96:45-53. [PMID: 21722750 PMCID: PMC3248593 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2011.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Androgen plays an important role in blood pressure regulation. Epidemiological studies have shown that men have a higher prevalence for developing hypertension than aged-matched, premenopausal women. Interestingly, postmenopausal women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome, both of which have increased endogenous androgen production, have elevated risks for hypertension suggesting that androgen may contribute to its development. Studies from our laboratory and others have provided substantial evidence that 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) mediates the hypertension seen in rodents treated with androgen. 20-HETE is the cytochrome P450 (CYP)-derived ω-hydroxylated metabolite of arachidonic acid. 20-HETE plays a complex role in blood pressure regulation. In the kidney tubules, 20-HETE decreases blood pressure by promoting natriuresis, while in the microvasculature it has a pressor effect. In the microcirculation, 20-HETE participates in the regulation of vascular tone by sensitizing the smooth muscle cells to constrictor stimuli and contributes to myogenic, mitogenic and angiogenic responses. In addition, 20-HETE acts on the endothelium to promote endothelial dysfunction and endothelial activation. Recently, we have demonstrated that 20-HETE induces endothelial ACE thus setting forth a potential feed forward mechanism through activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In this review, we will discuss the pro-hypertensive effects of 20-HETE and its role in androgen-induced vascular dysfunction and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA. chengchia
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