1
|
Bansal R, Torres M, Hunt M, Wang N, Chatzopoulou M, Manchanda M, Taddeo EP, Shu C, Shirihai OS, Bachar-Wikstrom E, Wikstrom JD. Role of the mitochondrial protein cyclophilin D in skin wound healing and collagen secretion. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e169213. [PMID: 38564292 PMCID: PMC11141914 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Central for wound healing is the formation of granulation tissue, which largely consists of collagen and whose importance stretches past wound healing, including being implicated in both fibrosis and skin aging. Cyclophilin D (CyD) is a mitochondrial protein that regulates the permeability transition pore, known for its role in apoptosis and ischemia-reperfusion. To date, the role of CyD in human wound healing and collagen generation has been largely unexplored. Here, we show that CyD was upregulated in normal wounds and venous ulcers, likely adaptive as CyD inhibition impaired reepithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and wound closure in both human and pig models. Overexpression of CyD increased keratinocyte migration and fibroblast proliferation, while its inhibition reduced migration. Independent of wound healing, CyD inhibition in fibroblasts reduced collagen secretion and caused endoplasmic reticulum collagen accumulation, while its overexpression increased collagen secretion. This was confirmed in a Ppif-KO mouse model, which showed a reduction in skin collagen. Overall, this study revealed previously unreported roles of CyD in skin, with implications for wound healing and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Bansal
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Torres
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew Hunt
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nuoqi Wang
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margarita Chatzopoulou
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mansi Manchanda
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evan P. Taddeo
- Metabolism Theme
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cynthia Shu
- Metabolism Theme
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Metabolism Theme
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, and
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Etty Bachar-Wikstrom
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob D. Wikstrom
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kandori H, Aoki M, Miyamoto Y, Nakamura S, Kobayashi R, Matsumoto M, Yokoyama K. Lobular distribution of enhanced expression levels of heat shock proteins using in-situ hybridization in the mouse liver treated with a single administration of CCl4. J Toxicol Pathol 2024; 37:29-37. [PMID: 38283376 PMCID: PMC10811382 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2023-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to visualize the lobular distribution of enhanced mRNA expression levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in liver samples from carbon tetra chloride (CCl4)-treated mice using in-situ hybridization (ISH). Male BALB/c mice given a single oral administration of CCl4 were euthanized 6 hours or 1 day after the administration (6 h or 1 day). Paraffin-embedded liver samples were obtained, ISH for HSPs was conducted, as well as hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). At 6 h, centrilobular hepatocellular vacuolization was observed, and increased signals for Hspa1a, Hspa1b, and Grp78, which are HSPs, were noted in the centrilobular area using ISH. At 1 day, zonal hepatocellular necrosis was observed in the centrilobular area, but mRNA signal increases for HSPs were no longer observed there. Some discrepancies between ISH and IHC for HSPs were observed, and they might be partly caused by post-transcriptional gene regulation, including the ribosome quality control mechanisms. It is known that CCl4 damages centrilobular hepatocytes through metabolization by cytochrome P450, mainly located in the centrilobular region, and HSPs are induced under cellular stress. Therefore, our ISH results visualized increased mRNA expression levels of HSPs in the centrilobular hepatocytes of mice 6 hours after a single administration of CCl4 as a response to cellular stress, and it disappeared 1 day after the treatment when remarkable necrosis was observed there.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kandori
- Integrated Pathology, Frontier Technology, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Masami Aoki
- Integrated Pathology, Frontier Technology, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Yumiko Miyamoto
- Integrated Pathology, Frontier Technology, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Sayuri Nakamura
- Integrated Pathology, Frontier Technology, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Integrated Pathology, Frontier Technology, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Matsumoto
- Integrated Biology, Kidney/Liver Disease, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yokoyama
- Integrated Pathology, Frontier Technology, Integrated &
Translational Science, Axcelead Drug Discovery Partners, Inc., 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi
2-chome, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ghobrial DK, El-Nikhely N, Sheta E, Ragab HM, Rostom SAF, Saeed H, Wahid A. The Role of Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-Based Kinase Inhibitors in The Attenuation of CCl4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030637. [PMID: 36978885 PMCID: PMC10045301 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver Fibrosis can be life-threatening if left untreated as it may lead to serious, incurable complications. The common therapeutic approach is to reverse the fibrosis while the intervention is still applicable. Celecoxib was shown to exhibit some antifibrotic properties in the induced fibrotic liver in rats. The present study aimed to investigate the possible antifibrotic properties in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in male Sprague–Dawley rats compared to celecoxib of three novel methoxylated pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. The three newly synthesized compounds were proved to be safe candidates. They showed a therapeutic effect against severe CCl4-induced fibrosis but at different degrees. The three compounds were able to partially reverse hepatic architectural distortion and reduce the fibrotic severity by showing antioxidant properties reducing MDA with increasing GSH and SOD levels, remodeling the extracellular matrix proteins and liver enzymes balance, and reducing the level of proinflammatory (TNF-α and IL-6) and profibrogenic (TGF-β) cytokines. The results revealed that the dimethoxy-analog exhibited the greatest activity in all the previously mentioned parameters compared to celecoxib and the other two analogs which could be attributed to the different methoxylation patterns of the derivatives. Collectively, the dimethoxy-derivative could be considered a safe promising antifibrotic candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana K. Ghobrial
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (D.K.G.); (A.W.)
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Eman Sheta
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Ragab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Sherif A. F. Rostom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hesham Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Wahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
- Correspondence: (D.K.G.); (A.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu X, Tang Z, Jiang X, Wang T, Zhao L, Xu Z, Liu K. Cyclophilin A/CD147 signaling induces the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis in chronic allograft dysfunction by regulating p38 MAPK signaling. Ren Fail 2022; 44:1585-1594. [PMID: 36203223 PMCID: PMC9553177 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2126788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study was designed to explore the role of Cyclophilin A (CyPA)/CD147 signaling in renal allograft fibrosis and chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD). Materials and methods A rat renal transplant model with significant CAD was successfully achieved. Renal allograft tissues and blood samples were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin, Masson’s, and immunohistochemistry staining were performed. Since CD147 is mainly expressed in the renal tubular epithelial cells, human HK-2 cells were used and intervened by specific concentrations of CyPA, and the total protein and mRNA were extracted. Western blot assay and polymerase chain reaction were performed to explore the protein and mRNA expression of CyPA, CD147, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related biomarkers. SiRNA-CD147 and specific inhibitors of p38 MAPK were used to explore the cellular mechanisms involved in the process. Results We have successfully established and validated a 20-week renal transplant CAD model. We observed significant distributed and expressed CyPA and CD147 in the renal allograft fibrotic tissues. We also found a significant expression of CD147 and EMT-related markers in the HK-2 cells stimulated by CyPA. The CD147 siRNA confirmed the previous in vitro results. The selective inhibition of MAPK suggested the notable role of p38 MAPK signaling pathway in the CyP/CD147 signaling involved in renal allograft fibrosis. Conclusions Our study reported the positive relationship of CyPA-CD147 signaling with renal allograft dysfunction. The in vitro study suggested that CyPA-CD147 signaling induce the development of the EMT process by p38 MAPK signaling, thus contributing to renal allograft fibrosis and CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhong Liu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| | - Zhiwang Tang
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| | - Tianwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| | - Lun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| | - Zongyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Urology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Huai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
20-Hydroxytetraenoic acid induces hepatic fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Toxicol Lett 2022; 373:1-12. [PMID: 36368619 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is caused by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to repeated liver injury. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of hepatic fibrosis. A study showed that CYP4A14 gene defect can inhibit hepatic fibrosis, but the specific mechanism was not clear. In this experiment, patients with hepatic fibrosis, LX-2 cells (a human HSCs line), and mice with liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were used to study the effect of 20-Hydroxytetraenoic acid (20-HETE), one of the main metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) catalyzed by CYP4A enzyme, on hepatic fibrosis and its mechanism. Our experimental results showed that the 20-HETE of patients with hepatic fibrosis is significantly higher than that of normal people and is closely related to the degree of fibrosis. 20-HETE could induce activation of LX-2 cells and 20-HETE antagonist could inhibit the induction of 20-HETE. 20-HETE was significantly increased in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis mice and inhibition of 20-HETE production could attenuate hepatic fibrosis. 20-HETE induced hepatic fibrosis mainly via the TGF- β1/Smad3 signal pathway. In conclusion, the results suggest that 20-HETE plays an important role in hepatic fibrosis and may be a possible target for the clinical treatment of hepatic fibrosis.
Collapse
|
6
|
Naguib M, Abou Elfotouh M, Wifi MN. Elevated Serum Cyclophilin D Level is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Higher Fibrosis Scores in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4665-4675. [PMID: 34434058 PMCID: PMC8380628 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s322986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a mitochondrial matrix protein involved in liver steatosis and fibrosis in vitro. However, the role of CypD in the development of fatty liver and liver fibrosis in humans has not been determined. Purpose To measure the serum level of CypD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to assess its relation to the presence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in this group of patients. Patients and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 30 patients with diabetes and NAFLD were compared to 30 patients with diabetes without NAFLD and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Abdominal ultrasound was used to diagnose NAFLD. Serum CypD was measured using ELISA. Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) were used as markers of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD were divided into two subgroups based on FIB-4 index: patients with liver fibrosis (FIB-4 >1.45) and patients without liver fibrosis (FIB-4 <1.45). CypD and other clinical and biochemical parameters were validated as predictors of NAFLD and liver fibrosis in diabetic patients in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Diabetic patients with NAFLD had higher serum CypD levels than those without NAFLD (11.65±2.96 vs 6.58±1.90 ng/mL, respectively, P <0.001). Correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between CypD and FIB-4 index (P=0.001), APRI (P=0.013) and NFS (P<0.001). GGT and CypD were the only predictors of NAFLD. For the prediction of significant fibrosis, AUROC of CypD was 0.835 with a cutoff >14.05 ng/mL provides specificity of 81.8% and sensitivity of 75%. Conclusion Serum CypD is related to hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in diabetic patients. Serum CypD may thus provide a novel marker and therapeutic target of NAFLD and liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Naguib
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Unite, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abou Elfotouh
- Hepatology Unite, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed-Naguib Wifi
- Hepatology Unite, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiang L, Shao Y, Chen Y. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrion-targeted therapeutics in liver diseases. J Drug Target 2021; 29:1080-1093. [PMID: 33788656 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1909051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The liver is a vital metabolic and detoxifying organ and suffers diverse endogenous or exogenous damage. Hepatocyte mitochondria experience various structural and functional defects from liver injury, bearing oxidative stress, metabolic dysregulation, and the disturbance of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanisms. Mitochondrial malfunction initiates the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathways and the release of damage signals, aggravating liver damage and disease progression via inflammation and reparative fibrogenesis. Removal of mitochondrial impairment or the improvement of MQC mechanisms restore mitochondrial homeostasis and benefit liver health. This review discusses the association of mitochondrial disorders with hepatic pathophysiological processes and the resultant potential of mitochondrion-targeting therapeutics for hepatic disorders. The recent advances in the MQC mechanisms and the mitochondrial-derived damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the pathology and treatment of liver disease are particularly focussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yaru Shao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mendanha K, Prado RC, Oliveira LBA, Colherinhas G. Molecular dynamic simulations, GIAO-NMR and TD-DFT spectroscopy analyze for zwitterionic isoleucine (ILE) N , 1 ≤ N ≤ 6, in water solution. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:344-357. [PMID: 33283895 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we investigate the effects of the isoleucine (ILE)N amino acid chain growth, N = 1.0.6, the ILE conformational effect as well as the solvent presence on the electrical and magnetic spectroscopic properties when these compounds are in aqueous solution. Computational molecular dynamics simulations were performed to include the solvent medium and generate uncorrelated configurations involving solute-solvent structures. The charge point model for solvent was used to obtain the results for quantum mechanical calculation, in special DFT calculations, for (ILE)N structures. Our results for the magnetic shielding constant obtained via GIAO-DFT-NMR calculations show that there is evidence of a magnetic behavior that characterizes the number of peptide bonds and, therefore, how the N isoleucine polypeptide chain is composed. TD-DFT results also show an absorption band shift to larger wavelengths indicating a dependence on N growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karinna Mendanha
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme Colherinhas
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.,Departamento de Física, CEPAE, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Yang Z, Wei Y, Li X, Li S. Apolipoprotein A4 regulates the immune response in carbon tetrachloride-induced chronic liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 90:107222. [PMID: 33276196 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the role of ApoA4 in a CCl4-induced chronic liver injury (CLI) mouse model. C57BL/6J mice (WT) and ApoA4 knock-out (KO) mice were divided into CCl4 CLI (WT-CCl4 and KO-CCl4) and olive oil solvent control groups (WT-Veh and KO-Veh). Some of the KO-CCl4 mice were additionally treated with recombinant mouse ApoA4 and primary mouse T lymphocyte injections. After 6 weeks, histological analyses, biochemical and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assays, flow cytometry of immune cells and qRT-PCR analyses were performed. KO mice after treatment with CCl4 showed reduced hepatic SOD and enhanced serum MDA activities leading to worsening liver injury and fibrosis compared with WT-CCl4, accompanied by enhanced hepatic alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) transcriptions, elevated macrophage M1 levels, enhanced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5), but reduced Interleukin 10 (IL-10), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2), C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 1 (CX3CR1) and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 9 (CXCL9) transcription, as well as reduced CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell percentages in hepatic tissue, blood cells and spleen. In addition, CD11b+CD115+, CD11b+/Ly6Chigh, CD11b+/LyC6- and CD11b+/Ly6Cint cells were enhanced, which partly reversed by ApoA4 protein and T cell injections. In conclusion, we propose that ApoA4 might be involved in liver protection via inhibiting fibrotic mediators and inflammatory cytokines, suppression of pro-inflammatory hepatic M1 cell invasion and regulation of CD8+ T and CD4+ T lymphocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- Bio-evidence Science Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), No. 205 Zhuque Street, Xi'an 710061, China; Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, No. 205 Zhuque Street, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Ziyu Yang
- Bio-evidence Science Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), No. 205 Zhuque Street, Xi'an 710061, China; Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, No. 205 Zhuque Street, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yang Wei
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, Institute of Digestive Diseases. The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West 5th Road, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Precision Medical Institute, Institute of Digestive Diseases. The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West 5th Road, Xi'an 710004, China.
| | - Shengbin Li
- Bio-evidence Science Academy (BSA), Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU), No. 205 Zhuque Street, Xi'an 710061, China; Key laboratory of Ministry of Public Health for Forensic Sciences, No. 205 Zhuque Street, Xi'an 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dihazi GH, Eltoweissy M, Jahn O, Tampe B, Zeisberg M, Wülfrath HS, Müller GA, Dihazi H. The Secretome Analysis of Activated Human Renal Fibroblasts Revealed Beneficial Effect of the Modulation of the Secreted Peptidyl-Prolyl Cis-Trans Isomerase A in Kidney Fibrosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071724. [PMID: 32708451 PMCID: PMC7407823 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The secretome is an important mediator in the permanent process of reciprocity between cells and their environment. Components of secretome are involved in a large number of physiological mechanisms including differentiation, migration, and extracellular matrix modulation. Alteration in secretome composition may therefore trigger cell transformation, inflammation, and diseases. In the kidney, aberrant protein secretion plays a central role in cell activation and transition and in promoting renal fibrosis onset and progression. Using comparative proteomic analyses, we investigated in the present study the impact of cell transition on renal fibroblast cells secretome. Human renal cell lines were stimulated with profibrotic hormones and cytokines, and alterations in secretome were investigated using proteomic approaches. We identified protein signatures specific for the fibrotic phenotype and investigated the impact of modeling secretome proteins on extra cellular matrix accumulation. The secretion of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA) was demonstrated to be associated with fibrosis phenotype. We showed that the in-vitro inhibition of PPIA with ciclosporin A (CsA) resulted in downregulation of PPIA and fibronectin (FN1) expression and significantly reduced their secretion. Knockdown studies of PPIA in a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model significantly impaired the secretion and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), suggesting a positive therapeutic effect on renal fibrosis progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gry H. Dihazi
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry/UMG-Laboratories, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; (G.H.D.); (H.S.W.)
| | - Marwa Eltoweissy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt;
| | - Olaf Jahn
- Proteomics Group, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Björn Tampe
- Clinic for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Michael Zeisberg
- Clinic for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Hauke S. Wülfrath
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry/UMG-Laboratories, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; (G.H.D.); (H.S.W.)
| | - Gerhard A. Müller
- Clinic for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.A.M.)
| | - Hassan Dihazi
- Clinic for Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; (B.T.); (M.Z.); (G.A.M.)
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), University Medical Center Göttingen, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-551-399-1221; Fax: +49-551-399-1039
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ure DR, Trepanier DJ, Mayo PR, Foster RT. Cyclophilin inhibition as a potential treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 29:163-178. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1703948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daren R. Ure
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Evaluation of NV556, a Novel Cyclophilin Inhibitor, as a Potential Antifibrotic Compound for Liver Fibrosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111409. [PMID: 31717385 PMCID: PMC6912624 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis can result as a pathological response to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Cirrhosis, the late stage of fibrosis, has been linked to poor survival and an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma, with limited treatment options available. Therefore, there is an unmet need for novel effective antifibrotic compounds. Cyclophilins are peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases that facilitate protein folding and conformational changes affecting the function of the targeted proteins. Due to their activity, cyclophilins have been presented as key factors in several stages of the fibrotic process. In this study, we investigated the antifibrotic effects of NV556, a novel potent sanglifehrin-based cyclophilin inhibitor, in vitro and in vivo. NV556 potential antifibrotic effect was evaluated in two well-established animal models of NASH, STAM, and methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) mice, as well as in an in vitro 3D human liver ECM culture of LX2 cells, a human hepatic stellate cell line. We demonstrate that NV556 decreased liver fibrosis in both STAM and MCD in vivo models and decreased collagen production in TGFβ1-activated hepatic stellate cells in vitro. Taken together, these results present NV556 as a potential candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kuo J, Bobardt M, Chatterji U, Mayo PR, Trepanier DJ, Foster RT, Gallay P, Ure DR. A Pan-Cyclophilin Inhibitor, CRV431, Decreases Fibrosis and Tumor Development in Chronic Liver Disease Models. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 371:231-241. [PMID: 31406003 PMCID: PMC6815936 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.261099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies show that cyclophilins contribute to many pathologic processes, and cyclophilin inhibitors demonstrate therapeutic activities in many experimental models. However, no drug with cyclophilin inhibition as the primary mode of action has advanced completely through clinical development to market. In this study, we present findings on the cyclophilin inhibitor, CRV431, that highlight its potential as a drug candidate for chronic liver diseases. CRV431 was found to potently inhibit all cyclophilin isoforms tested—A, B, D, and G. Inhibitory constant or IC50 values ranged from 1 to 7 nM, which was up to 13 times more potent than the parent compound, cyclosporine A (CsA), from which CRV431 was derived. Other CRV431 advantages over CsA as a nontransplant drug candidate were significantly diminished immunosuppressive activity, less drug transporter inhibition, and reduced cytotoxicity potential. Oral dosing to mice and rats led to good blood exposures and a 5- to 15-fold accumulation of CRV431 in liver compared with blood concentrations across a wide range of CRV431 dosing levels. Most importantly, CRV431 decreased liver fibrosis in a 6-week carbon tetrachloride model and in a mouse model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Additionally, CRV431 administration during a late, oncogenic stage of the NASH disease model resulted in a 50% reduction in the number and size of liver tumors. These findings are consistent with CRV431 targeting fibrosis and cancer through multiple, cyclophilin-mediated mechanisms and support the development of CRV431 as a safe and effective drug candidate for liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kuo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Michael Bobardt
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Udayan Chatterji
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Patrick R Mayo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Daniel J Trepanier
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Robert T Foster
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| | - Daren R Ure
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California (J.K., M.B., U.C., P.G.); and Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey (P.R.M., D.J.T., R.T.F., D.R.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gao J, Qin XJ, Jiang H, Chen JF, Wang T, Zhang T, Xu SZ, Song JM. Detecting serum and urine metabolic profile changes of CCl 4-liver fibrosis in rats at 12 weeks based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1496-1504. [PMID: 28810615 PMCID: PMC5525970 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by liver injury induced by a number of chronic liver diseases, including schistosome infection, hepatitis infection, metabolic disease, alcoholism and cholestasis. The tissue damage occurring after injury or inflammation of the liver is a reversible lesion; however, liver fibrosis has become a worldwide problem and poses a threat to human health. The development of an effective drug for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis is ongoing and uses information from different occurrences of liver fibrosis. In the present study, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced metabonomic changes in serum and urine at 12 weeks were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to investigate potential biomarkers. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by subcutaneous injections of CCl4 twice a week for 12 consecutive weeks. Histopathological changes were used to assess the successful production of a CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model. Serum and urine samples from the two groups were collected at 12 weeks. The metabolic profile changes were analyzed by GC/MS alongside principal component analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures. Metabolic profile studies indicated that the clustering of the two groups could be separated and seven metabolites in serum and five metabolites in urine were identified. In serum, the metabolites identified included isoleucine, L-malic acid, α-copper, carnitine, hippuric acid, glutaric acid and glucose. In urine 2-hydroxy butyric acid, isoleucine, N-acetyl-β-alanine, cytidine and corticoid were identified. The present study demonstrated that the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis may be associated with the dysfunction of a number of metabolic pathways, including glucose, amino acid, P450, fatty acid, nucleic acid, water-electrolyte and glutathione biosynthesis. Assessing potential biomarkers may therefore provide novel targets and theories for the innovation of novel drugs to prevent and cure liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Juan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Zhi Xu
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Mei Song
- College of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kong LJ, Li H, Du YJ, Pei FH, Hu Y, Zhao LL, Chen J. Vatalanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, decreases hepatic fibrosis and sinusoidal capillarization in CCl4-induced fibrotic mice. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:2604-2610. [PMID: 28447731 PMCID: PMC5428398 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various consequence arising from lung injury, hepatic fibrosis is the most severe. Decreasing the effects of hepatic fibrosis remains one of the primary therapeutic challenges in hepatology. Dysfunction of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells is considered to be one of the initial events that occur in liver injury. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling is involved in the progression of genotype changes. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vatalanib, on hepatic fibrosis and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization in a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse model of liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis was induced in BALB/c mice using CCl4 by intraperitoneal injection for 6 weeks. The four experimental groups included a control, and three experimental groups involving administration of CCl4, vatalanib and a combination of the two. Histopathological staining and measuring live hydroxyproline content evaluated the extent of liver fibrosis. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and cluster of differentiation (CD) 34 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Collagen type I, α-SMA, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) expression levels were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The average number of fenestrae per hepatic sinusoid was determined using transmission electron microscopy. Liver fibrosis scores and hydroxyproline content were decreased in both vatalanib groups. In addition, both doses of vatalanib decreased mRNA expression levels of hepatic α-SMA, TGF-β1, collagen-1, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2. Levels of α-SMA and CD34 protein were decreased in the vatalanib group compared with the CCl4 group. There were significant differences in the number of fenestrae per sinusoid between the groups. The present study identified that administration of vatalanib was associated with decreased liver fibrosis and hepatic sinusoidal capillarization in CCl4-induced mouse models, and is a potential compound for counteracting liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jian Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ju Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Hua Pei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Liao-Liao Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen J, Liu DG, Wang H, Wu XN, Cong M, You H, Jia JD. NIM811 downregulates transforming growth factor‑β signal transduction in vivo and in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:522-8. [PMID: 26573209 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the common histological feature of a number of chronic liver diseases, and leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been demonstrated that N‑methyl‑4‑isoleucine cyclosporine (NIM811) attenuates CCl4‑induced liver fibrosis and inflammation in rats. The present study investigated whether NIM811 downregulated transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β signaling in rats with CCl4‑induced liver fibrosis and in HSC‑T6 cells. Liver tissues were obtained from rats with CCl4‑induced liver fibrosis, with or without NIM811 treatment. HSC‑T6 cells were cultured with or without NIM811 for 18 h under serum‑free conditions. Expression of collagen I, α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA), TGF‑β1, TGF‑β receptor I (TβR‑I) and TGF‑β pathway downstream signaling molecules were measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and/or western blotting. Collagen I and TGF‑β1 content in the cell supernatant was measured by ELISA. NIM811 profoundly inhibited collagen I, α‑SMA, TGF‑β1 and TβR‑I expression in the liver of CCl4‑treated rats. Phosphorylation of Smad2, 3 and 1/5/8 was decreased in the liver of NIM811‑treated groups, accompanied by increased In addition, Smad7 expression compared with the CCl4‑treated rats. NIM811 inhibited collagen I, TGF‑β1 and TβR‑I expression in HSC‑T6 cells. Smad1 mRNA and phospho‑Smad1/5/8 protein levels decreased following NIM811 treatment, accompanied by increased Smad7 expression in HSC‑T6 cells compared with normal controls. Furthermore, NIM811 also inhibited collagen I mRNA expression in the liver of rats with CCl4‑induced liver fibrosis and in HSC‑T6 cells. The results suggest that the antifibrotic effect of NIM811 was due to the inhibition of TGF‑β1 and its downstream signaling molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Dian-Gang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Min Cong
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Hong You
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Dong Jia
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
YOU QI, KONG LINGJIAN, LI FENGDONG, WANG HANGYU, LIU DIANGANG, PEI FENGHUA, SONG JITAO, XU JUN, CHEN JING. Human recombinant endostatin Endostar attenuates hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell capillarization in CCl4-induced fibrosis in mice. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5594-600. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
18
|
Heinzmann D, Bangert A, Müller AM, von Ungern-Sternberg SNI, Emschermann F, Schönberger T, Chatterjee M, Mack AF, Klingel K, Kandolf R, Malesevic M, Borst O, Gawaz M, Langer HF, Katus H, Fischer G, May AE, Kaya Z, Seizer P. The Novel Extracellular Cyclophilin A (CyPA) - Inhibitor MM284 Reduces Myocardial Inflammation and Remodeling in a Mouse Model of Troponin I -Induced Myocarditis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124606. [PMID: 25894208 PMCID: PMC4404136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins are a group of highly conserved cytosolic enzymes that have a peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase activity. Cyclophilin A (CyPA) can be secreted in the extracellular space by inflammatory cells and upon cell death. The presence of CyPA in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy is associated with poor clinical prognosis. Here, we investigated the inhibition of extracellular CyPA in a mouse model of troponin I-induced autoimmune myocarditis using the strictly extracellular CyPA-inhibitor MM284. Since A/J mice develop severe inflammation and fibrosis after immunization with murine cardiac troponin I (mcTn I), we used this model to analyze the effects of an extracellular CyPA inhibition. As extracellular CyPA-inhibitor we used the recently described CsA-derivate MM284. In vitro studies confirmed that MM284 inhibits CyPA-induced monocytic migration and adhesion. A/J mice immunized with mcTnI were treated with MM284 or vehicle every second day. After 28 days, we found a considerable reduction of myocardial injury and fibrosis. Further analysis revealed a reduced myocardial presence of T-cells and macrophages compared to control treated animals. Whereas MMP-9 expression was reduced significantly by MM284, we observed no significant reduction of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 or TNFα. Extracellular CyPA plays an important role in autoimmune myocarditis for myocardial damage and fibrosis. Our data suggest a new pharmacological approach for the treatment of myocardial inflammation and reduction of cardiac fibrosis by inhibition of extracellular CyPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Heinzmann
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Bangert
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Frederic Emschermann
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Schönberger
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madhumita Chatterjee
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas F. Mack
- Institute of Anatomy, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Molecular Pathology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Kandolf
- Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, Department of Molecular Pathology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Miroslav Malesevic
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Biochemie, Abteilung Enzymologie, Projektgruppe gFP5, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald F. Langer
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hugo Katus
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gunter Fischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Göttingen, BO Halle (Saale), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas E. May
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Seizer
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
The roles of CD147 and/or cyclophilin A in kidney diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:728673. [PMID: 25580061 PMCID: PMC4281390 DOI: 10.1155/2014/728673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CD147 is a widely expressed integral plasma membrane glycoprotein and has been involved in a variety of physiological and pathological activities in combination with different partners, including cyclophilins, caveolin-1, monocarboxylate transporters, and integrins. Recent data demonstrate that both CyPA and CD147 significantly contribute to renal inflammation, acute kidney injury, renal fibrosis, and renal cell carcinoma. Here we review the current understanding of cyclophilin A and CD147 expression and functions in kidney diseases and potential implications for treatment of kidney diseases.
Collapse
|
20
|
Naoumov NV. Cyclophilin inhibition as potential therapy for liver diseases. J Hepatol 2014; 61:1166-74. [PMID: 25048953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cyclophilins are a group of proteins with peptidyl-prolyl isomerase enzymatic activity, localised in different cellular compartments and involved in a variety of functions related to cell metabolism and energy homeostasis, having enhanced expression in inflammation or malignancy. Cyclophilin A (CypA), the most abundantly expressed cyclophilin, is present mainly in the cytoplasm and is a host factor involved in the life cycle of multiple viruses. The extracellular fractions of CypA and CypB are potent pro-inflammatory mediators. CypD, located in mitochondria, is a key regulator of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, and is critical for necrotic cell death. Cyclosporines are the prototype cyclophilin inhibitors. Cyclic peptides, which bind and inhibit cyclophilins without having immunosuppressive properties, have been generated by chemical modifications of cyclosporin A. In addition, cyclophilin inhibitors that are structurally different from cyclosporines have been synthesized. The involvement of cyclophilins in the pathogenesis of different liver diseases has been established using both in vitro and in vivo investigations, thus indicating that cyclophilin inhibition may be of therapeutic benefit. This review summarises the evidence for potential therapeutic applications of non-immunosuppressive cyclophilin inhibitors, alone or in combination with other agents, in virus-induced liver diseases like hepatitis C, B or Delta, liver inflammation and fibrosis, acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen SH, Li DL, Yang F, Wu Z, Zhao YY, Jiang Y. Gemcitabine-induced pancreatic cancer cell death is associated with MST1/cyclophilin D mitochondrial complexation. Biochimie 2014; 103:71-9. [PMID: 24732633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains the most aggressive human malignancy with an extremely low 5-year overall survival. Postoperative gemcitabine could significantly delay recurrence after complete resection of pancreatic cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The chemo-resistance factors against gemcitabine still need further characterizations. Here we studied the mechanism of gemcitabine-induced pancreatic cancer cell death by focusing on mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) and cyclophilin D (Cyp-D). We found that MST1 and Cyp-D expressions were significantly lower in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. In vitro, gemcitabine activated MST1 through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which was prevented by antioxidant n-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). We found that gemcitabine-activated MST1 translocated to mitochondria and formed a complex with the local protein Cyp-D. Gemcitabine-induced cell death was alleviated by MST1 or Cyp-D shRNA silencing, but was aggravated by MST1 or Cyp-D over-expression. Further, cyclosporin A (CsA), the Cyp-D inhibitor, prevented gemcitabine-induced MST1/Cyp-D mitochondrial complexation and cancer cell death. We suggest that gemcitabine-induced death of pancreatic cancer cells requires MST1/Cyp-D mitochondrial complexation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Dong-Liang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China.
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Yong-Yang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Command, PLA, Fuzhou 350025, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sweeney ZK, Fu J, Wiedmann B. From chemical tools to clinical medicines: nonimmunosuppressive cyclophilin inhibitors derived from the cyclosporin and sanglifehrin scaffolds. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7145-59. [PMID: 24831536 DOI: 10.1021/jm500223x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cyclophilins are widely expressed enzymes that catalyze the interconversion of the cis and trans peptide bonds of prolines. The immunosuppressive natural products cyclosporine A and sanglifehrin A inhibit the enzymatic activity of the cyclophilins. Chemical modification of both the cyclosporine and sanglifehrin scaffolds has produced many analogues that inhibit cyclophilins in vitro but have reduced immunosuppressive properties. Three nonimmunosuppressive cyclophilin inhibitors (alisporivir, SCY-635, and NIM811) have demonstrated clinical efficacy for the treatment of hepatitis C infection. Additional candidates are in various stages of preclinical development for the treatment of hepatitis C or myocardial reperfusion injury. Recent publications suggest that cyclophilin inhibitors may have utility for the treatment of diverse viral infections, inflammatory indications, and cancer. In this review, we document the structure-activity relationships of the nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporins and sanglifehrins in clinical and preclinical development. Aspects of the pharmacokinetic behavior and chemical biology of these drug candidates are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary K Sweeney
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research , 4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, California 94608, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Qiu Y, Yu T, Wang W, Pan K, Shi D, Sun H. Curcumin-induced melanoma cell death is associated with mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 448:15-21. [PMID: 24735534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Here we studied the role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening in curcumin's cytotoxicity in melanoma cells. In cultured WM-115 melanoma cells, curcumin induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MPP) decrease, cyclophilin-D (CyPD)-adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT-1) (two mPTP components) mitochondrial association and cytochrome C release, indicating mPTP opening. The mPTP blocker sanglifehrin A (SfA) and ANT-1 siRNA-depletion dramatically inhibited curcumin-induced cytochrome C release and WM-115 cell death. CyPD is required for curcumin-induced melanoma cell death. The CyPD inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) or CyPD siRNA-depletion inhibited curcumin-induced WM-115 cell death and apoptosis, while WM-115 cells with CyPD over-expression were hyper-sensitive to curcumin. Finally, we found that C6 ceramide enhanced curcumin-induced cytotoxicity probably through facilitating mPTP opening, while CsA and SfA as well as CyPD and ANT-1 siRNAs alleviated C6 ceramide's effect on curcumin in WM-115 cells. Together, these results suggest that curcumin-induced melanoma cell death is associated with mPTP opening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China.
| | - Teng Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Kun Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The Skin Disease Hospital of Ji-ning City, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Dongmei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Ji-ning No.1 People's Hospital, Ji-ning City, Shandong Province 272011, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shi F, Huan X, Wang X, Ning J. Overexpression of NAD kinases improves the L-isoleucine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 51:73-80. [PMID: 22664190 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NADPH is the key cofactor in L-isoleucine (Ile) biosynthetic pathway. To increase the Ile biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum JHI3-156, NADPH supply needs to be enhanced. Here NAD kinase, the key enzyme for the de novo biosynthesis of NADP(+) and NADPH, were cloned and expressed in JHI3-156, and their influences on Ile production were analysed. Meanwhile, enzyme properties of NAD kinase from JHI3-156 (CljPpnK) were compared with that from C. glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum ATCC 13869 (ClPpnK). Four variations existed between CljPpnK and ClPpnK. Both PpnKs were poly(P)/ATP-dependent NAD kinases that used ATP as the preferred phosphoryl donor and NAD(+) as the preferred acceptor. CljPpnK exhibited a higher activity and stability than ClPpnK and less sensitivity towards the effectors NADPH, NADP(+), and NADH, partly due to the variations between them. The S57P variation decreased their activity. Expression of CljppnK and ClppnK in JHI3-156 increased the ATP-NAD(+) kinase activity by 69- and 47-fold, respectively, the intracellular NADP(+) concentration by 36% and 101%, respectively, the NADPH concentration by 95% and 42%, respectively, and Ile production by 37% and 24%, respectively. These results suggest that overexpressing NAD kinase is a useful metabolic engineering strategy to improve NADPH supply and isoleucine biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Seizer P, Klingel K, Sauter M, Westermann D, Ochmann C, Schönberger T, Schleicher R, Stellos K, Schmidt EM, Borst O, Bigalke B, Kandolf R, Langer H, Gawaz M, May AE. Cyclophilin A affects inflammation, virus elimination and myocardial fibrosis in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 53:6-14. [PMID: 22446162 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular cyclophilin A (CyPA) and its receptor Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer (EMMPRIN, CD147) modulate inflammatory processes beyond metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Recently, we have shown that CyPA and CD147 are upregulated in patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Here we investigate the role of CyPA and CD147 in murine coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis. CVB3-infected CyPA(-/-) mice (129S6/SvEv) revealed a significantly reduced T-cell and macrophage recruitment at 8 days p.i. compared to wild-type mice. In A.BY/SnJ mice, treatment with the cyclophilin-inhibitor NIM811 was associated with a reduction of inflammatory lesions and MMP-9 expression but with enhanced virus replication 8 days p.i. At 28 days p.i. the extent of lesion areas was not affected bei NIM811, whereas the collagen content was reduced. Initiation of NIM811-treatment on day 12 (after an effective virus defense) resulted in an even more pronounced reduction of myocardial fibrosis. In conclusion, in CVB3-induced myocarditis CyPA is important for macrophage and T cell recruitment and effective virus defense and may represent a pharmacological target to modulate myocardial remodeling in myocarditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Seizer
- Medizinische Klinik III, Kardiologie und Kreislauferkrankungen, Eberhard Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|